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then created an army called the
Protective Division of Quito in order to also make the rest of the Audiencia independent. That same day, Abdón enlisted in the division where he reached the rank of second lieutenant in the Volunteer Battalion of the Homeland under the orders of Don Ignacio Salazar. He
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arrived at Quito, he posthumously promoted Calderón to the rank of captain and decreed that his salary be given to his mother. He ordered that the first company of the
Yaguachi Battalion to which Calderón belonged would not have a captain and in the magazines, when his name was mentioned, the troops
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In his brief report of the Battle of
Pichincha, dated May 28 of that year, he says: "I make a particular mention of the conduct of Lieutenant Calderon, who, having received four successive wounds, did not want to retire from combat. He will probably die, but the Government of the Republic will know
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Baptized in Cuenca on July 31, 1804, he was the son of
Francisco Calderón y Díaz, born in Cuba, who was an accountant of the Cajas Reales, an official of the colonial government in Cuenca, and also a martyr of independence, and of Manuela de Jesús de Garaycoa y Llaguno, from Guayaquil, who belonged
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A more realistic version of events is that Abdón Calderón, despite having received four gunshot wounds, remained in the line of fire, encouraging his entire battalion, which he commanded as a lieutenant. When he fell, fainting, his soldiers improvised a stretcher with a poncho and put him in a hut
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His father, Francisco Calderón, supported the patriot coup in Quito on August 10, 1809, for which he was imprisoned and sent to
Guayaquil and then to Cuenca and Machala. Released when he was established by the Superior Government Junta of 1810, he joined the patriot army of the State of Quito with
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There are two military colleges named after him, in the city of Quito and in Cuenca. there is also the "Abdón Calderón" Private
Bilingual Educational Unit, located in the canton of Samborondón, in the province of Guayas and a Fiscal Educational Unit in the Canton of Naranjal with the same name.
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would have to answer: "He died gloriously in
Pichincha, but he lives in our hearts." This ceremony is performed to this day in this military unit. it is staged every May 24 at the very site of the battle, known as the Peak of Freedom.
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He was executed by firing squad in Ibarra on
December 1, 1812, by order of Sámano. His last wish was that the blindfold be removed and his son Abdón be given his scapular, which was the property of the great hero of Quito
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the rank of colonel. As such, he participated in the entire campaign from 1811 to 1812, fighting on the side of the
Sanchistas or radicals. After the final defeat of the patriot army, after the Battle of
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In the cavalry corps of the
Ecuadorian Army, he is always remembered at the weekly changing of the guard with the officer's shout: "Captain Abdón Calderón..."
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was immediately noted for his "heroic courage", in the words of the patriot colonel
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located in the arena. At the end of the battle he was transferred into the city of
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Calderón Garaycoa was just 16 years old when the revolution broke out on
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how to compensate the family for the services of this heroic officer."
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Calderón Garaycoa studied in Guayaquil. One of his teachers was
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adopted the name "Calderón 352" in honor of the young hero.
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417:Death of Abdón Calderón in an Anonymous Painting.
469:In mid-September 2014, the Military Police of
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107:Learn how and when to remove this message
509:"Colegio Militar Nº 10 "Abdón Calderón""
70:This article includes a list of general
569:Batalla de Pichincha - Orden de batalla
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321:Manuela de Jesús de Garaycoa y Llaguno
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318:Francisco García Calderón y Díaz
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633:People from Cuenca, Ecuador
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571:(en inglés) - enlace roto
553:"IPAC | Samborondón"
453:Tributes and distinctions
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158:"Abdón Calderón Garaycoa"
577:La Batalla del Pichincha
409:The Battle of Pichincha
329:Abdón Calderón Garaycoa
243:Abdón Calderón Garaycoa
91:more precise citations.
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394:José Joaquín de Olmedo
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539:www.comilcue.edu.ec
403:Battle of Pichincha
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