681:
511:. The book includes 112 correspondences between Sharaf al-Din and the Mufti of al-Azhar University, al-Shaykh Salim al-Bishri. The correspondences are concerned with the issue of caliphate and Imamate from a Shiite viewpoint; Sunni and Shiite arguments are examined and criticized in this book by appeals to verses of the Quran and reliable sources of Sunni hadiths.
1247:
31:
467:
on the other side. The former had sidelined the Al-As'ad clan in the coastal region with support from leading Shiite families like the al-Khalil clan in Tyre, whereas the latter still dominated the hinterland. Sharafeddin tipped the balance in favour of the
603:
His home in Tyre was looted by French soldiers, his books and manuscripts were confiscated, another home in a neighboring village was burned. He fled to
Damascus, but had to quit that city for Egypt and then for a brief stay several months in
533:
Muslims, and he wished to bring all the
Muslims, Shi'is and Sunnis, closer to each other. After observing this event in his mosque, Sayyid Sharaf al-Din would go the Sunnis to celebrate the occasion with them.
673:
In 1346 A.H. (1928), the first Shi'a mosque in Tyre was constructed, using local traditional architecture and centered around two Roman granite columns. It was named Abdel
Hussein Mosque after Sharafeddine.
669:
During the hajj rituals of 1340 A.H. (1922), Sharaf al-Din was invited by Malik Husayn, the king of Arabia, to lead the congregational prayers in Masjid al-Haram in which Shiite and Sunni
Muslims attended.
677:
In late 1355 A.H. (1937), he went to Iraq to visit the holy shrines there, and in 1356 A.H. (1937โ38) he went to Iran to visit the holy shrines in Qom and
Mashhad as well as the Islamic Seminary of Qom.
734:(al-Fusul al-Muhimah fi Ta'lif al-Ummah), a book which emphasized the necessity to unite the Muslims. In this text, he addressed the disputes and differences between the Shi'is and the Sunnis.
653:. Tyre and the Jabal Amel were attached as the Southern part of the Mandate. When Gouraoud invited Sayed Sharafeddin back, he returned to Tyre in June 1921. Subsequently, Sharafeddin reached "
474:
He achieved his prominent position in the community through his reputation as a widely respected 'alim whose books were taught in prominent Shi'ite schools such as Najaf in Iraq and
692:
in South
Lebanon altogether. It soon expanded, not least thanks to donations from merchants who had emigrated from Tyre to Western Africa and made their fortunes there. And it soon "
488:
In addition to his engagement in social work in Sur and Jabal 'Amil, Sayyid Sharaf al-Din continued his efforts writing and publishing. In 1910 (1327 AH), he published
441:/Sour where he became known locally known in short time. There he founded a religious community centre. Later, the highest ranking religious authority in Lebanon,
666:
Thus, Sharafeddin soon resurged as the most defining character for the development of modern Tyre, first as head of the municipal council until 1926 (1344 A.H.).
1251:
455:) him to issue fatawa (juridical rulings). In 1908 (1326 AH), Sayed Sharafeddin played a decisive role in the power struggle which was triggered by the 1908
699:
In 1365 A.H. (1946), he founded a charity institute to help people in need, and in the last years of his life, he wrote the book, al-Nass wa l-ijtihad.
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government visited the region in 1337 A.H. (1919), Sharafeddin demanded US-support for a united Syria with Faisal as king:
411:
846:
1302:
1026:
Political awareness of the Shi'ites in
Lebanon: the role of Sayyid 'Abd al-Husain Sharaf al-Din and Sayyid Musa al-Sadr
973:
Political awareness of the Shi'ites in
Lebanon: the role of Sayyid 'Abd al-Husain Sharaf al-Din and Sayyid Musa al-Sadr
944:
Political awareness of the Shi'ites in
Lebanon: the role of Sayyid 'Abd al-Husain Sharaf al-Din and Sayyid Musa al-Sadr
1267:
863:
874:
257:
574:
570:. In early 1920 (1338 A.H.), Sharafeddin led a Shia delegation to Damascus to make the case for unity with Syria.
30:
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742:
371:
249:
199:
753:
659:" with the colonial regime and even entertained friendly relations with the military governor of South Lebanon,
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and its call for elections to an
Ottoman parliament. In Jabal Amel the political wrestling took place between
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This angered the French who apparently encouraged an unsuccessful attempt to assassinate Sharaf al-Din.
562:, Sharafeddin became the leading prominent supporter of unity within a Greater Syria and organiser of
1287:
1282:
253:
593:
The pan-Arabist rule ended already after less than two years and France proclaimed the new State of
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338:
of prominent religious scholars. His father al-Sayyid Yusuf Sharaf al-Din was from the village of
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In 1913 (1331 AH), he had the opportunity to implement his views on Muslim unity. He visited
1292:
1196:. Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press. pp. 26, 31, 51, 54, 86, 157.
551:
519:
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359:
347:
302:
245:
703:
638:
594:
504:
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290:
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508:
1194:
Shi'i Cosmopolitanisms in Africa: Lebanese Migration and Religious Conversion in Senegal
1032:(Doctoral). Durham: Centre for Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies, University of Durham.
971:
950:(Doctoral). Durham: Centre for Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies, University of Durham.
888:
Shi'i Cosmopolitanisms in Africa: Lebanese Migration and Religious Conversion in Senegal
694:
became a nucleus for political activity in Tyre in particular and Jabal 'Amil as a whole
689:
660:
637:
On the first of September 1920, the French colonial rulers proclaimed the new State of
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375:
119:
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313:, for which the French encouraged an unsuccessful assassination attempt against him.
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in order to pursue Islamic studies. When he was 8 years old, the family returned to
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367:
331:
188:
176:
172:
74:
663:, whom he would regularly invite as guest of honour to religious events in Tyre.
630:
543:
425:
1151:
1124:
In the Shadow of Sectarianism - Law, Shi'ism, and the Making of Modern Lebanon
979:. Durham: Centre for Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies, University of Durham.
626:
618:
567:
343:
137:
993:
The battle for South Lebanon: Radicalisation of Lebanon's Shi'ites 1982-1985
463:
of a Sunni dynasty from Sidon and Kamil Al-As'ad from the Shiite dynasty of
421:
355:
327:
66:
437:
and first based himself in his father's home village of Shuhur and then in
1246:
529:
He deliberately chose this date because it was the one recognized by the
280:
49:
1095:
The Shi'ites of Lebanon: Modernism, Communism, and Hizbullah's Islamists
507:. The outcome of their discussions and long correspondence was the book
1219:
Warriors of God: Inside Hezbollah's Thirty-Year Struggle Against Israel
890:. Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press. p. 157.
434:
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147:
85:
70:
45:
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451:
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His religious studies were not confined to Shi'ism but also included
339:
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41:
991:
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In the same year Sharafeddine founded a school for girls, the first
1047:. New York: Syracuse University Press. pp. 11, 82, 130, 133.
707:
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617:
530:
515:
496:
407:
399:
387:
351:
184:
160:
109:
95:
1072:. Boulder - San Francisco - Oxford: Westview Press. p. 122.
1024:
942:
1156:
National News Agency - Ministry of Information Lebanese Republic
810:
479:
395:
180:
99:
597:
under French colonial mandate. Sharafeddin was forced to flee:
475:
271:, (Abdel Hussein Charafeddine, Sharafeddine, or Sharafeddin) (
702:
Sharaf al-Din died in 1957 in Lebanon. He is buried near the
277:ุขูุฉ ุงููููฐู ุงูุณูุฏ ุนุจุฏุงูุญุณูู ุดุฑู ุงูุฏูู ุงูู
ูุณูู ุงูุนุงู
ูู (ุงูู
ูุฏุณ)
23:
Al-Sayyid 'Abd al-Husayn al-Sharaf al-Din al-Musawi al-'Amili
1181:(4th ed.). Beirut: Al-Athar Magazine. pp. 116โ117.
542:
After the collapse of the Ottoman Empire at the end of the
538:
Pan-Arab Kingdom of Syria - French-British OETA (1918โ1920)
414:(independent reasoning in legal issues) at the age of 32.
394:. He married at age 17, and at the age of 20 went back to
386:
When he was one year old, his father moved the family to
269:
Ayatollah Al Sayyed Abd al-Husayn Sharaf al-Din al-Musawi
713:
Shortly before his death, Sharafeddine nominated Sayyid
1070:
A Lebanon Defied - Musa Al-sadr And The Shi'a Community
918:
The Vanished Imam: Musa al Sadr and the Shia of Lebanon
410:, where he stayed for twelve years until he became a
920:. London: I.B.Tauris & CO. Ltd. pp. 42โ45.
786:
The Truthful Word in Preference of the Zahraa (pbuh)
362:, the well-known Shiite scholar (author of the book
354:, whilst his mother was Zahra Sadr, the daughter of
1130:. pp. 71โ73, 140, 144, 159โ160, 169โ170, 206.
231:
194:
156:
143:
133:
125:
115:
105:
91:
80:
60:
55:
37:
21:
788:(Al kalima Al gharra' Fi Tafdeel Al zahraa (pbuh))
370:'s grandfather. His family's lineage goes back to
999:. Amsterdam: Bulaaq, Uitgeverij. pp. 61โ62.
647:French High Commissioner in Syria and Lebanon
514:One of the steps he took to unite the Muslim
8:
1093:Abisaab, Rula Jurdi; Abisaab, Malek (2017).
554:following the conquest of the Levant by the
875:islamicinsights.com Retrieved 24 July 2014
492:(al-Fusul al-Muhimah fi Ta'lif al-Ummah).
29:
18:
358:al-Sayyid Hadi al-Sadr and the sister of
841:
839:
837:
835:
833:
831:
829:
827:
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614:French Mandate colonial rule (1920โ1943)
224:Al-Kalimat al-gharra' fi tafdil al-Zahra
821:
243:
1221:. New York: Random House. p. 15.
1018:
1016:
732:Issues important for uniting the Ummah
625:-born Zinovi Pechkoff, who had been a
490:Issues important for uniting the Ummah
297:", and modern founder of the city of
212:al-Fusul al-Muhimah fi Ta'lif al-Ummah
1252:Abd al-Husayn Sharaf al-Din al-Musawi
911:
909:
907:
7:
965:
963:
961:
959:
957:
526:rather than 17th of Rabi' al-Awal.
450:
276:
14:
1101:. pp. 9โ11, 16โ17, 24, 107.
364:Ta'sis al-Shi'a li 'ulum al-Islam
289:who has widely been considered a
1245:
864:shiachat Retrieved 24 July 2014
777:; a study about a man of hadeeth
770:...and others. ุงููุต ู ุงูุฅุฌุชูุงุฏ
566:against the French ambitions in
804:Hibatuddin Hosseini Shahrestani
346:, the Shia area of what is now
641:under the guardianship of the
1:
1023:Gharbieh, Hussein M. (1996).
970:Gharbieh, Hussein M. (1996).
941:Gharbieh, Hussein M. (1996).
811:https://imamsharafeddine.org/
738:ุงููุตูู ุงูู
ูู
ุฉ ูู ุชุฃููู ุงูุฃู
ุฉ
1043:Hamzeh, Ahmad Nizar (2004).
847:"Questions on Jurisprudence"
684:Sharafeddin's 1938 passport.
1217:Blanford, Nicholas (2011).
1177:Badawi, Ali Khalil (2018).
645:represented by France. The
366:) and the cousin of Sayyid
250:Fath Allah Gharawi Isfahani
1319:
754:Questions on Jurisprudence
258:Mirza Husain Noori Tabarsi
1099:Syracuse University Press
518:was choosing the 12th of
372:Ibrahim ibn Musa al-Kazim
311:French mandate in Lebanon
236:
28:
1192:Leichtman, Mara (2015).
1128:Harvard University Press
1045:In the Path of Hizbullah
990:Smit, Ferdinand (2006).
886:Leichtman, Mara (2015).
799:List of Islamic scholars
382:Ottoman Iraq and Lebanon
809:The official website:
546:and the declaration of
360:al-Sayyid Hasan al-Sadr
305:. He was known for his
1278:Shia scholars of Islam
1068:Halawi, Majed (1992).
743:A Shi'i-Sunni dialogue
685:
634:
633:, photographed in 1926
611:
591:
558:with support from the
501:Shaykh Salim al-Bishri
486:
431:
1273:Lebanese Shia clerics
916:Ajami, Fouad (1986).
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575:King-Crane Commission
564:nonviolent resistance
548:Arab Kingdom of Syria
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457:Young Turk Revolution
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398:in order to study at
151:Ja'fari jurisprudence
1254:at Wikimedia Commons
765:Al-Nass wa l-ijtihad
524:birthday of Muhammad
433:He then returned to
309:efforts against the
254:Mohammed Kazem Yazdi
218:Al-Nass wa l-ijtihad
1303:People from Baghdad
1122:Weiss, Max (2010).
853:. October 18, 2012.
443:Sayyid 'Ali al-Amin
400:clerical seminaries
1268:Iraqi Shia clerics
756:(Masa'il Fiqhiyya)
717:as his successor.
686:
635:
374:, the son of Imam
240:Influenced by
120:Late modern period
1250:Media related to
1158:. 17 October 2012
897:978-0-253-01605-8
643:League of Nations
522:to celebrate the
350:, and studied in
322:Family background
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