388:(18.3 m) vertical separation. These were bored into the valley side just to the north of the near-vertical narrow vein. Each tunnel connected to a large chamber from which the rock was extracted. These chambers ranged from 100 to 187 feet (30.5 to 57.0 m) in length with 24 to 30 feet (7.3 to 9.1 m) of rock left between the bottom of one chamber and the top of the next lower chamber. As more slate was extracted, several of the upper chambers were joined vertically to form an extremely large cavern known as Twll Golau which is open at the top.
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1806, John Davies gained control which passed to the executor of his estate, Pryce Jones, in 1824. It was Davies who first organised commercial quarrying at
Aberllefenni around 1810. Although only 3 workers were employed in 1825, by 1854 the quarry was producing significant amounts of slate; that year the enormous "Alma" open chamber at the top of Foel Grochan was named after the
384:, the latter of which Aberllefenni extracted. The broad vein is of considerably poorer quality than the narrow vein, and the slate it produces is of little use in roofing slates or polished surfaces. Instead it was used in walls, fences and hardcore. The narrow vein was of much better quality and could be used in much higher quality applications and fetched higher prices.
273:. It was the longest continually operated slate mine in the world until its closure in 2003. Foel Grochan is the quarry on the north side of the valley, facing Ceunant Ddu and Hen Gloddfa on the south; all three were worked as a single concern throughout their history. Rock was mainly extracted underground, though all three quarries had open pits as well.
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After 1948, the short tramway connecting the quarries to the slate cutting shed at
Aberllefenni continued in use. Although locomotives were used underground, the tramway was operated by horse haulage. This continued until the early 1960s, when a tractor replaced the horses. The tramway was removed in
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After the war, the industry continued a slow decline, with industrial action closing the quarry for part of 1947. During the 1950s only about 40 men were working, all in Foel
Grochan quarry. In 1956, brothers Gwilym and Dewi Lloyd took over the quarry under the name Wincilate Ltd. Rapid modernization
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By 1879, the quarry was employing 169 men and produced nearly 4700 tons of finished slate and slab. The number of employees peaked in 1890 at 190. Production fluctuated but was trending downwards during the 1890s and 1900s. In 1908, the number of employees fell below 100 and declined further to 71 in
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Aberllefenni quarry may have started operating as early as the 14th century. The earliest confirmed date is 1500 when the local house Plas
Aberllefenni was roofed in slates from the mine. In the seventeenth century the Lloyd family owned the quarry, and it passed to the Campbell family in 1725. In
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By 1850, the quarry was owned by
Colonel Robert Davies Jones, and was trading under the name Aberllefenni Slate Quarries. In 1873, the quarry appointed Robert Hughes as manager, and he quickly modernised working practices there. He installed new machinery in the extended mill, powered by a large
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Slate extracted from the narrow vein at
Aberllefenni is deep blue and extremely hard and dense. It resists fine splitting, so most of the mines' product was large cut slabs rather than split roofing slates. Foel Grochan mine consists of eight near-horizontal tunnels at approximately 60 feet
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One of the reasons for
Aberllefenni's continued use was the high quality of the slate extracted. There are two major veins of slate running parallel to each other through this region of mid-Wales, the
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saw a downturn in production in the whole industry, including at
Aberllefenni. After the war there was a short boom into the early 1920s, but then the price of slate began to fall.
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By the early 1930s, the industry was in a deep depression, with a 3-day week being worked for part of 1933. The quarry was owned by A. Hamilton Pryce, who in 1935 leased it to Sir
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However, by 2002 it was no longer economical to extract slate at
Aberllefenni and the mine closed in 2003. The slate mill continues to operate, processing slate imported from
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and mechanisation of the quarry allowed it to continue to produce slate into the 1990s. Aberllefenni was the last working slate mine south of
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that served it. There was some improvement during the late 1930s, with 140 workers employed in 1940, but the
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The rear of the main mill around 1885. The quarry office is to the right of the mill building with the
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Aberllefenni welsh slate is still available but in small sizes to make nameplates and small plaques.
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which carried slate down the Dulas Valley to
Machynlleth. There it was transferred to the
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and China. Small pieces of Aberllefenni slate are still available for name plates.
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the late 1970s, being replaced with lorries and forklift trucks. Underground, the
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brought further drops in production, with the number of men fell to 40 in 1944.
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Aberllefenni main level looking down from Foel Grochan, c.1979
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From 1859 the quarries at Aberllefenni were connected to the
519:
Greenhough, Richard S. (March 1988). "Corris Conservation".
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553:"For Sale: An ENTIRE Gwynedd slate quarrying village"
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290:waterwheel. That year the quarry employed 180 men.
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636:...a specialist supplier of all slate products...
895:George Vane-Tempest, 5th Marquess of Londonderry
352:Map of Aberllefenni area quarries and tramways
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480:. Avon-Anglia Publications & Services.
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360:Inside the Aberllefenni mill around 1885
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538:Liverpool Daily Post (Welsh Edition)
536:"Slate firm break into new market".
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476:The Corris Railway Society (1988).
27:Three slate quarries in north Wales
665:"Photos of a Walk to Aberllefenni"
502:"Abercorris and Aberdovey Railway"
25:
1773:2 ft 3 in gauge railways in Wales
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651:from the original on 5 June 2011
643:Richard (Dick) Knight Williams.
237:is the collective name of three
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59:
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645:"history aberlleffenni corris"
602:. Industrial Railway Society.
1:
551:Hughes, Owen (23 June 2016).
1753:Industrial railways in Wales
508:. 17 August 1850. p. 4.
506:Carnarvon and Denbigh Herald
444:Richards, Alun John (1994).
600:British Small Mines (South)
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540:. 28 July 1969. p. 7.
1768:Railway inclines in Wales
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946:Imperial Tramways Company
936:Corris Railway Grand Tour
555:. North Wales Daily News.
446:Slate Quarrying at Corris
54:
37:
1536:Rhiw-goch (Denbighshire)
1082:Fron-Boeth and Pant-Mawr
910:Edward Temperley Gourley
421:2 ft 3 in
941:Bristol Omnibus Company
448:. Gwasg Carreg Gwalch.
411:and shipped throughout
1748:Slate mines in Gwynedd
1521:Deeside and Moelfferna
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261:, just to the west of
920:Walter Rathbone Bacon
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1020:Welsh slate quarries
796:Upper Corris Tramway
598:Booth, A.J. (2001).
522:The Railway Magazine
402:narrow gauge railway
1660:Frongoch (Aberdyfi)
915:Sydney Ernest Smith
675:on 1 December 2008.
235:Aberllefenni quarry
144: /
34:
18:Aberllefenni Quarry
1142:Votty & Bowydd
1028:Blaenau Ffestiniog
826:Quarries and mines
786:Maespoeth Junction
567:"Available Slates"
478:A Return to Corris
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334:Blaenau Ffestiniog
327:Blaenau Ffestiniog
284:Battle of the Alma
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1609:Dandderwen quarry
1422:Rhiw-goch (Conwy)
1299:Bryn Hafod-y-Wern
986:
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966:Trains portal
577:on 8 October 2011
409:Cambrian Railways
303:Henry Haydn Jones
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16:(Redirected from
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525:. p. 180.
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1763:Aberllefenni
1712:
1690:Rhyd-yr-Onen
1685:Penrhyn-gwyn
1471:Nantlle Vale
1343:Chwarel Fawr
1309:Pantdreiniog
1235:Aberllefenni
1234:
1216:Dulas Valley
1206:Tal y Mieryn
1072:Cwt y Bugail
905:George White
864:Aberllefenni
863:
811:Aberllefenni
801:Corris Uchaf
673:the original
668:
653:. Retrieved
635:
628:. Retrieved
599:
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579:. Retrieved
575:the original
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309:quarry near
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263:Aberllefenni
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243:Foel Grochan
242:
234:
233:
97:Aberllefenni
80:Location in
74:Aberllefenni
33:Aberllefenni
29:
1640:Bryn Eglwys
1565:Ty'n-y-coed
1526:Moel y Faen
1466:Moel Tryfan
1432:Ty'n-y-bryn
1392:Chwarel Ddu
1319:Tan-y-Bwlch
1186:Gartheiniog
1097:Maenofferen
1047:Blaen y Cwm
771:Ffridd Gate
766:Machynlleth
720:Locomotives
625:"Wincilate"
425:686 mm
382:Narrow Vein
307:Bryn Eglwys
255:Ceunant Ddu
251:Hen Chwarel
247:Hen Gloddfa
151: /
127:Coordinates
1737:Categories
1600:Llangolman
1497:Llangollen
1486:Tal-y-Sarn
1476:Pen-y-Bryn
1402:Cwm Eigiau
1304:Moel Faban
1270:Llwyngwern
1240:Braichgoch
1230:Abercorris
1196:Maesygamfa
1181:Foel Dinas
1171:Cae Abatty
1162:Aberangell
854:Abercorris
849:Braichgoch
834:Llwyngwern
806:Garneddwen
776:Llwyngwern
431:References
378:Broad Vein
344:Operations
294:1910. The
259:Cwm Hengae
173:Production
166:SH 768 102
136:52°40′34″N
1680:Glyn-lago
1635:Bellstone
1575:Goleuwern
1451:Alexandra
1412:Hafod-Las
1353:Glyrhonwy
1329:Llanberis
1191:Hendreddu
1127:Penmachno
1092:Llechwedd
1087:Graig Ddu
1067:Cwmorthin
756:Derwenlas
743:Locations
571:Wincilate
139:3°49′23″W
107:Merioneth
1695:Rosebush
1645:Cwm Ebol
1628:Outliers
1580:Hen-Ddol
1560:Bryngwyn
1511:Cambrian
1495:Vale of
1461:Dorothea
1358:Marchlyn
1348:Dinorwic
1290:Bethesda
1245:Cambergi
1132:Rhiwbach
869:Cambergi
655:28 April
649:Archived
630:28 April
581:28 April
380:and the
313:and the
269:, North
178:Products
92:Location
50:Location
1675:Gilfach
1655:Dolgoch
1531:Penarth
1456:Cilgwyn
1338:Cefn Du
1314:Penrhyn
1275:Ratgoed
1260:Gaewern
1250:Cymerau
1201:Minllyn
1147:Wrysgan
1137:Rhosydd
1117:Oakeley
1107:Moelwyn
1062:Croesor
1057:Conglog
1032:Croesor
879:Ratgoed
874:Cymerau
338:Penrhyn
277:History
267:Gwynedd
223: (
208: (
198:History
113:Country
82:Gwynedd
1758:Corris
1670:Glogue
1650:Darren
1551:Arthog
1516:Clogau
1506:Berwyn
1387:Cedryn
1363:Vivian
1265:Hengae
888:People
791:Corris
751:Morben
606:
484:
452:
253:) and
218:Closed
203:Opened
192:Quarry
103:County
1541:Wynne
1377:Conwy
1373:Lledr
1164:areas
1102:Manod
1040:areas
733:No. 4
728:No. 3
271:Wales
182:Slate
117:Wales
95:near
1602:Area
1553:area
1499:area
1444:area
1427:Rhos
1407:Foel
1375:and
1331:area
1292:area
1218:area
1159:and
1122:Parc
1036:and
657:2011
632:2011
604:ISBN
583:2011
482:ISBN
450:ISBN
400:, a
225:2003
221:2003
210:1500
206:1500
188:Type
1255:Era
844:Era
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