2332:
4129:
4143:
2181:, the conflict between the religious (Reformed and Catholics) and non-religious. More broadly, this programme articulated his broader political philosophy, emphasizing the proper role of government among the other spheres of life, including the family and the church. Kuyper argued that government's authority, like all human authority, derived from God's authority. In 1877, he left parliament because of problems with his health, suffering from overexertion.
50:
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4750:
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2471:. A parliamentary debate was held on the subject and a committee was instituted to research the claim. In 1910, the committee reported that Kuyper was innocent. Between 1910 and 1912, he was member of the committee headed by Heemskerk, which prepared a revision of the constitution. In 1912, he resigned his seat in parliament for health reasons, but he returned to politics in the following year, this time as a member of the
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3126:
690:
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universities, the press, business and industry, the arts etc., each of which would be sovereign in its own sphere. In the interest of a level playing field, he championed the right of every faith community (among whom he counted humanists and socialists) to operate their own schools, newspapers, hospitals, youth movements etc. He sought
1036:, the Christelijke Gereformeerde Kerken (Christian Reformed Church). These churches had earlier broken off from the Dutch Reformed Church. This union was effected in 1892, and the Gereformeerde Kerken in Nederland (Reformed Churches in the Netherlands) was formed. This denomination has its counterpart in the
3193:
in everyday life. He believed that God continually influenced the life of believers, and daily events could show his workings. Kuyper famously said, "Oh, no single piece of our mental world is to be hermetically sealed off from the rest, and there is not a square inch in the whole domain of our human
2391:
and harbour construction passed through parliament. In education Kuyper changed several education laws to improve the financial situation of religious schools. His law on higher education, which would make the diplomas of faith-based universities equal to that of the public universities, was defeated
1048:
He vigorously ridiculed modernism in theology as a new-fangled fad based on a superficial view of reality. He argued that modernism missed the reality of God, of prayer, of sin, and of the church. He said modernism would eventually prove as useless as 'A Squeezed Out Lemon Peel,' while traditional
1017:
insisted that both ministers and church members subscribe to the
Reformed confessions. This was appealed to Classis, and Kuyper, along with about 80 members of the Amsterdam consistory, were suspended in Dec. 1885. This was appealed to the provincial synod, which upheld the ruling in a 1 July 1886
909:
on the basis of a dissertation entitled "Disquisitio historico-theologica, exhibens
Johannis Calvini et Johannis à Lasco de Ecclesia Sententiarum inter se compositionem" (Theological-historical dissertation showing the differences in the rules of the church, between John Calvin and John Łaski). In
3217:
was very important for Kuyper. He rejected the popular sovereignty of France in which all rights originated with the individual, and the state-sovereignty of
Germany in which all rights derived from the state. Instead, he wanted to honour the "intermediate bodies" in society, such as schools and
2382:
The portfolio of home affairs at the time was very broad: it involved local government, industrial relations, education and public morality. The 1903 railway strike was one of the decisive issues for his cabinet. Kuyper produced several particularly harsh laws to end the strikes (the so-called
1049:
religious truths would survive. In his lectures at
Princeton in 1898 he argued that Calvinism was more than theology—it provided a comprehensive worldview and indeed had already proven to be a major positive factor in the development of the institutions and values of modern society.
3292:
in public life. His championing of parity treatment for faith-based organisations and institutions created the basis for the alliance between
Protestants and Catholics that has dominated Dutch politics to the present day. One of the major political parties of the Netherlands, the
3271:
would be much more satisfying and revolution would only lead to instability. At the same time, he argued that the system of unrestricted free enterprise was in need of "architectonic critique" and he urged government to adopt labour legislation and to inspect workplaces.
2237:, but a majority in parliament rejected his proposal. Kuyper favoured the legislation because he expected the enfranchised lower class voters would favour his party. This orientation towards the lower classes gave him the nickname "The bellringer of the common people" (
3461:
notes that Kuyper advocated "the commingling of blood" as "the physical basis for all higher development" in the Stone
Lectures (1898). Harinck argues that "Kuyper was not guided by the cultural racism of his day, but by his Calvinistic creed of human equality".
2319:, which was his first widespread exposure to a North American audience. These lectures were given 10–11 October 14 and 19–21 in 1898. He discusses the relationship of Calvinism with philosophy, religion, politics, science, art and the future. He also received an
2204:. In 1881, he also became professor of literature. In 1886, he left the Dutch Reformed Church, with a large group of followers. The parish in Amsterdam was made independent of the church, and kept their own building. Between 1886 and 1892, they were called the
3222:
for all faith-based institutions. He saw an important role for the state in upholding the morality of the Dutch people. He favoured monarchy, and saw the House of Orange as historically and religiously linked to the Dutch people. His commitment to
1005:
In 1886, Kuyper led an exodus from the Dutch
Reformed Church. He grieved the loss of Reformed distinctives within the State Church, which no longer required office bearers to agree to the Reformed standards which had once been foundational.
2210:(those with grievances). In 1892, those Dolerenden founded a new denomination called The Reformed Churches in the Netherlands after merging with other orthodox Reformed people who had seceded from the Dutch Reformed Church in 1834.
3324:, Kuyper's political and theological views have had a significant impact, especially in the Reformed community. He is considered the father of Dutch Neo-Calvinism and had considerable influence on the thought of philosopher
4799:
3434:
was also crucial in the history of South Africa. His legacy in South Africa is arguably even greater than within the
Netherlands. There, his Christian-National conception, centred upon the identification of the
3262:
were a natural ally, for not only did they want to practice religiously inspired politics, but they also were no electoral opponent, because they appealed to different religious groups. Socialists, who preached
2396:. Consequently, Kuyper dissolved the Senate and, after a new one was elected, the legislation was accepted. He was also heavily involved in foreign policy, giving him the nickname "Minister of Foreign Travels".
1021:
Refusing to accept his suspension, Kuyper preached to his followers in an auditorium on Sunday, 11 July 1886. Because of their deep sorrow at the state of the Dutch
Reformed Church, the group called itself the
2311:. As an MP, Kuyper kept his job as journalist, and he even became chair of the Dutch Circle of Journalists in 1898; when he left in 1901 he was made honorary president. In the same year, at the invitation of
3447:. As Christian nationalists, Kuyper's adherents in South Africa were instrumental in the building of Afrikaner cultural, political and economic institutions to restore Afrikaner fortunes following the
783:
to challenges posed by the loss of state financial aid and by increasing religious pluralism in the wake of splits that the church had undergone in the 19th century, rising Dutch nationalism, and the
5488:
4413:
2375:, prominent anti-revolutionaries, wanted to become minister of Home Affairs, forcing him to take the portfolio. During his time as prime minister he showed a strong leadership style: he changed the
2196:
between 1879 and 1905. He was the undisputed leader of the party between 1879 and 1920. His followers gave him the nickname "Abraham de
Geweldenaar" (Abraham the Masterful). In 1880, he founded the
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3310:
5568:
5543:
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5508:
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2233:, but was defeated there. In the election he joined the so-called Takkians, in a conflict between the liberal minister Tak, and a majority House of Representatives. Tak wanted to reform the
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5513:
4763:
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there. During his time in the United States, he also traveled to address several Dutch Reformed congregations in Michigan and Iowa and Presbyterian gatherings in Ohio and New Jersey.
1887:
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4785:
2122:
4808:
4357:
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146:
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Kuyper sided with the Germans, because he had opposed the English since the Boer wars. In 1918, Kuyper played an important role in the formation of the first cabinet led by
2420:
he needed the support of the local CHU. They refused him support. This led to a personal conflict between Kuyper and De Savorin Lohman. In 1908, he came into conflict with
2440:
De Meester. He also ran in Sneek where he was elected as sole candidate. Kuyper took the seat for Ommen. In 1909, he was made chair of the committee that prepared the new
2192:, which would further disadvantage religious schools. This was an important impetus for the foundation of the Anti-Revolutionary Party (ARP) in 1879, of which Kuyper was
5428:
5403:
3255:
2158:. When De Brauw died the next year, Kuyper stood again in the by-election for the same district. This time he was elected to parliament, defeating the liberal candidate
938:. In the same year he married Johanna Hendrika Schaay (1842–1899). They had five sons and three daughters. In 1864 he began corresponding with the anti-revolutionary MP
5468:
4462:
3103:
1720:
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where fathers of each family would vote for his family. He also favoured a Senate representing the various interest, vocational and professional groups in society.
3154:
2287:
reformed farmers and the English-speaking Anglicans he sided with the Boers, and heavily opposed the English. In 1896, Kuyper voted against the new suffrage law of
4948:
4817:
3314:
2449:
2416:. In 1907, he was re-elected chair of the ARP, a post which he held until his death in 1920. In 1907, Kuyper wanted to return to parliament. In a by-election in
5383:
3098:
5483:
5388:
3182:, which goes beyond conventional Calvinism on a number of issues. Furthermore, Kuyper made a significant contribution to the formulation of the principle of
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as a fad that would pass away. In politics, he dominated the Anti-Revolutionary Party (ARP) from its founding in 1879 to his death in 1920. He promoted
5498:
3198:, does not cry: 'Mine!'" God continually re-creates the universe through acts of grace. God's acts are necessary to ensure the continued existence of
2737:
2115:
5578:
5558:
5398:
4893:
3500:(Theological-historical dissertation showing the differences in the rules of the church, between John Calvin and John Łaski; his dissertation, 1862)
3835:
5583:
5563:
5453:
949:
Around 1866, he began to sympathise with the orthodox tendency within the Dutch Reformed Church. He was inspired by the robust reformed faith of
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With his ideals, he defended the interests of a group of middle class orthodox reformed, who were often referred to as "the little people" (
2307:. He was defeated by liberals in Zuidhorn and Amsterdam, but he defeated the liberal Wisboom in Sliedrecht. In Amsterdam he was defeated by
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of cabinet in order to become chair of cabinet for four years (before him, the chairmanship of the cabinet had rotated among its members).
2205:
2108:
1821:
757:
4539:
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Kuyper's theological and political views are linked. His orthodox Protestant beliefs heavily influenced his anti-revolutionary politics.
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2225:. He defeated the liberal Van Haaften and the anti-takkian anti-revolutionary Beelaerts van Blokland. He also ran as a candidate in
1872:
1735:
749:
731:
64:
2613:
1335:
953:, a single woman in her early 30s, the daughter of a miller. He began to oppose the centralization in the church, the role of the
5593:
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5423:
3404:
3267:, were a danger to the reformed workers. He called for workers to accept their fates and be happy with a simple life because the
1710:
5528:
3498:
Disquisitio historico-theologica, exhibens Johannis Calvini et Johannis à Lasco de Ecclesia Sententiarum inter se compositionem
3396:
2706:
2628:
2153:
1847:
1795:
5153:
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4843:
4574:
4544:
3565:
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3444:
3140:
2968:
2951:
2413:
2316:
2312:
1775:
1530:
1385:
1242:
985:
958:
939:
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5273:
5078:
5063:
4639:
4624:
4524:
4124:
4114:
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2711:
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2352:
2170:
1540:
1400:
85:
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he was re-elected in Ommen, defeating the liberal Teesselink, but he was defeated in Dordrecht by the liberal De Kanter.
2148:
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2169:, without telling his friends in Amsterdam. In parliament he showed a particular interest in education, especially the
1410:
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5533:
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2351:, Kuyper was re-elected in Sliedrecht, defeating the liberal De Klerk. In Amsterdam he was defeated again, now by the
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and wanted MPs to make up their own mind, while Kuyper favoured strong leadership. After the elections Kuyper became
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In 1905 there was a higher education law enacted, but Kuyper was against this and became part of the opposition.
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in 1901. The authoritarian leadership of Kuyper also played an important role in this conflict. Lohman opposed
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cabinet, thereby denying him the chance to return as minister. In 1908, Kuyper received the honorary title of
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2383:"worgwetten", strangling laws), and pushed them through parliament. He also proposed legislation to improve
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658:
638:
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3847:
3411:, The Center for Public Justice, and the Washington Institute for Faith, Vocation, & Culture. In 2006,
918:, Kuyper showed a clear sympathy for the more liberal Łaski. During his studies Kuyper was a member of the
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Kuyper, (although at first antagonistic towards them), soon began to seek union with the churches of the
5188:
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3430:
As well as Kuyper's profound influence upon European Christian-Democrat politics up to the present, his
3345:
3306:
3232:
3171:
2980:
2863:
2778:
2701:
2519:
2234:
2020:
1525:
1264:
1222:
1135:
1098:
832:
780:
765:
4333:
1370:
238:
4152:
5378:
5373:
5213:
5128:
5113:
4988:
4963:
4953:
4903:
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3297:, is still heavily influenced by Kuyper's thought. His greatest theological act, the founding of the
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3033:
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2141:
1932:
1925:
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1118:
1029:
By 1889, the Doleantie churches had over 200 congregations, 180,000 members, and about 80 ministers.
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116:
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308:
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Molendijk, Arie L. (2008), "Neo-Calvinist Culture Protestantism: Abraham Kuyper's Stone Lectures",
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2047:
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2003:
1998:
1993:
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1217:
1128:
1069:
859:
840:
134:
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Theologically Kuyper has also been very influential. He opposed the liberal tendencies within the
2140:
In 1873, Kuyper stood as candidate in the general election for parliament for the constituency of
4923:
4494:
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3224:
3214:
3063:
2918:
2903:
2813:
2783:
2723:
2511:
2491:. In 1920, at the age of 83 Kuyper died in The Hague and was buried amid great public attention.
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906:
5003:
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3512:(Calvinism; the source and the safeguard of our constitutional freedoms. A Dutch thought; 1874)
3510:
Het Calvinisme, oorsprong en waarborg onzer constitutionele vrijheden. Een Nederlandse gedachte
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2888:
2828:
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2201:
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1939:
1897:
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1405:
1395:
1390:
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1237:
1033:
895:
879:
855:
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Going Dutch in the Modern Age: Abraham Kuyper's Struggle for a Free Church in the Netherlands
3815:
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and 1863 he accepted a call to become minister for the Dutch Reformed Church for the town of
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and was confined to opposition. Between 1905 and 1907, Kuyper made a grand tour around the
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of the ARP. In his second term as MP he concentrated on more issues than education, like
1630:
993:). This paper laid the foundation for the network of Reformed organisation (the Reformed
5353:
4749:
4128:
3817:
Christian Nationalism and the Rise of the Afrikaner Broederbond in South Africa, 1918-48
811:
elements each had their own independent schools, universities and social organisations.
49:
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Molendijk, Arie L. (2011), "'A Squeezed Out Lemon Peel'. Abraham Kuyper on Modernism",
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in Amsterdam and he was made professor of Theology there. He also served as its first
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religious revivals of his day which denied predestination. He vigorously denounced
37:
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Nolting. He did not take his seat in parliament however but was instead appointed
2243:). His position on suffrage also led to a conflict within the ARP: a group around
1077:
915:
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4013:
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2367:. He originally wanted to become minister of labour and enterprise, but neither
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1227:
1212:
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851:
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3258:, who were opposed to mixing religion and politics were his natural opponents.
3125:
2479:. He retained this seat until his death. In 1913, he was made commander in the
689:
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5103:
4734:
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3013:
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2144:, but he was defeated by the incumbent member of parliament, the conservative
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In 1909, he came under heavy criticism in the so-called decorations affairs (
5308:
5238:
4162:
4109:
3452:
3268:
3023:
2793:
2548:
2463:). While minister of home affairs, Kuyper allegedly received money from one
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Kuyper's political ideals were orthodox-Protestant and anti-revolutionary.
890:, and in philosophy in 1858, also summa cum laude. He also took classes in
4097:
5203:
3955:
De Zeven Levens van Abraham Kuyper: Portret van een Ongrijpbaar Staatsman
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would be able to gain more seats this way. In actuality, Kuyper wanted a
3068:
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875:
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Kuyper, Abraham (1998). "Sphere Sovereignty". In Bratt, James D. (ed.).
2291:, because according to Kuyper the reforms did not go far enough. In the
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of Leiden. In 1855, he graduated from the Gymnasium and began to study
4191:
Abraham Kuyper, Herman Bavinck, and ‘The Conclusions of Utrecht 1905’
3384:
3377:
2432:. He was elected to the House of Representatives for the district of
891:
844:
654:
20:
2173:. In 1876, he wrote "Our Program" which laid the foundation for the
3474:
2433:
2417:
2330:
942:, who heavily influenced his political and theological views (see
935:
3469:, who is noted for having sheltered many Jews in her home in the
2448:. In the same year he also received an honorary doctorate at the
3259:
779:, and a newspaper. In religious affairs, he sought to adapt the
19:"Kuyper" redirects here. For other people of the same name, see
4781:
4451:
4170:
You Should Know Abraham Kuyper (Article from The Laymens Lounge
2283:
was of particular interest to him, in the conflict between the
964:
In 1867, Kuyper was asked to become minister for the parish in
4015:
Contours of the Kuyperian Tradition: A Systematic Introduction
3190:
723:
3311:
Evangelical Lutheran Church in the Kingdom of the Netherlands
3202:. Without his direct activity, creation would self-destruct.
2424:, who had not involved him in the formation of the CHU/ARP/
717:
3174:. This eventually led to secession and the foundation of
3317:
which remains loyal to the foundations laid by Kuyper.
764:
denomination in the country behind the state-supported
3548:(The Social Question and the Christian Religion; 1891)
3493:
Kuyper wrote several theological and political books:
760:, which upon its foundation became the second largest
5489:
Members of the House of Representatives (Netherlands)
3328:. Others that have been influenced by Kuyper include
3189:
Most important has been Kuyper's view on the role of
732:
714:
5414:
Academic staff of the Delft University of Technology
4036:
Abraham Kuyper: Modern Calvinist, Christian Democrat
3744:
1880 Inaugural Lecture, Free University of Amsterdam
3301:
was largely undone in 2004 with the creation of the
2535:
in Geneva, featuring prominent Reformed theologians
2436:
in the by-elections in the same year, defeating the
720:
5569:
20th-century Dutch Calvinist and Reformed ministers
5544:
19th-century Dutch Calvinist and Reformed ministers
4071:
Abraham Kuyper: An Annotated Bibliography 1857-2010
3309:, the Reformed Churches in the Netherlands and the
3250:: a divide between secular and religious politics.
3194:existence over which Christ, who is Sovereign over
2177:. In this programme he formulated the principle of
968:and he left Beesd. In 1870 he was asked to come to
711:
668:
630:
618:
593:
559:
545:
525:
498:
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32:
3423:was renamed in honor of Abraham Kuyper and is now
3280:Kuyper's political views and acts have influenced
5509:Reformed Churches Christians from the Netherlands
5464:Knights Grand Cross of the Order of Orange-Nassau
3935:Abraham Kuyper: A Short and Personal Introduction
2184:In 1878, Kuyper returned to politics, he led the
3792:"Johtje Vos, Who Saved Wartime Jews, Dies at 97"
3695:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
3546:Het sociale vraagstuk en de Christelijke Religie
3104:North American Presbyterian and Reformed Council
2412:. In 1907, Kuyper became honorary doctor at the
2339:, from a 1904 edition of the satirical magazine
5394:Commanders of the Order of the Netherlands Lion
2171:equal financing of public and religious schools
16:Dutch prime minister and theologian (1837–1920)
5514:Academic staff of Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
4818:Ministry of the Interior and Kingdom Relations
3315:Continued Reformed Churches in the Netherlands
3313:. There is still a small federation named the
930:In May 1862, he was declared eligible for the
819:Abraham Kuyper was born on 29 October 1837 in
129:16 September 1913 – 22 September 1920
4793:
4463:
3836:"Abraham Kuyper, South Africa, and Apartheid"
3524:(Anti-revolutionary in your family too; 1880)
3148:
3099:International Conference of Reformed Churches
2116:
827:. His father Jan Frederik Kuyper served as a
748:; 29 October 1837 – 8 November 1920) was the
463:13 November 1908 – 18 September 1912
216:13 November 1908 – 18 September 1912
8:
5494:Ministers of the interior of the Netherlands
4809:Ministers of the Interior of the Netherlands
3678:. Archived from the original on May 13, 2008
3670:
3668:
3554:(Encyclopedia of Sacred Theology; 1893–1895)
756:pastor and a journalist. He established the
3240:
2315:, Kuyper delivered the "Stone Lectures" at
2238:
5504:Rectors of universities in the Netherlands
4800:
4786:
4778:
4470:
4456:
4448:
4197:
4127:
3518:(Our program; ARP political program, 1879)
3465:Kuyper's legacy includes a granddaughter,
3383:Institutions influenced by Kuyper include
3186:in the context of a Calvinist world-view.
3155:
3141:
2506:
2123:
2109:
1853:Christian Democrat Organization of America
1056:
1038:Christian Reformed Church in North America
854:by his father. The boy received no formal
251:16 September 1896 – 1 August 1901
48:
29:
3765:
3721:
3709:
3387:(formerly The Work Research Foundation),
370:12 February 1907 – 31 March 1920
5429:Dutch Calvinist and Reformed theologians
5404:Chairmen of the Anti-Revolutionary Party
3595:(Anti-revolutionary politics; 1916–1917)
3552:Encyclopaedie der Heilige Godgeleerdheid
2363:of the Dutch cabinet. He also served as
358:Chairman of the Anti-Revolutionary Party
5469:Leaders of the Anti-Revolutionary Party
3777:
3628:
2518:
1243:Friendly separation of church and state
1068:
159:1 August 1901 – 17 August 1905
77:1 August 1901 – 17 August 1905
4158:Digital Bibliography of Abraham Kuyper
3753:
3688:
2602:Republication of the Covenant of Works
2217:of 1894, Kuyper was re-elected to the
752:between 1901 and 1905, an influential
583:
451:Member of the House of Representatives
413:3 April 1879 – 17 August 1905
316:Leader of the Anti-Revolutionary Party
3989:, New York: Oxford University Press,
3601:(Women from the Holy scripture; 1897)
3530:(Sovereignty in its own circle; 1880)
3522:Antirevolutionair óók in uw huisgezin
1863:European Christian Political Movement
1726:Christian Democratic Union of Germany
743:
328:3 April 1879 – 31 March 1920
7:
5384:Anti-Revolutionary Party politicians
3906:Church History and Religious Culture
3878:Church History and Religious Culture
3659:
3647:
3635:
3303:Protestant Church in the Netherlands
3299:Reformed Churches in the Netherlands
3176:Reformed Churches in the Netherlands
3089:World Communion of Reformed Churches
2732:Institutes of the Christian Religion
2279:. In foreign affairs especially the
972:. In 1871 he began to write for the
758:Reformed Churches in the Netherlands
485:20 March 1874 – 1 June 1877
5484:Members of the Senate (Netherlands)
5389:Calvinist and Reformed philosophers
3958:(in Dutch), Amsterdam: Prometheus,
3858:Abraham Kuyper: A Centennial Reader
3583:(parliamentary speeches; 1908–1910)
3443:became a rallying position for the
3227:was only tactical; he expected the
2149:Willem Maurits de Brauw (1810–1874)
1721:Christian Democratic People's Party
983:In 1872, he founded his own paper,
579:
474:16 May 1894 – 31 July 1901
5519:Writers about religion and science
5479:Prime ministers of the Netherlands
4479:Prime ministers of the Netherlands
3790:Hevesi, Dennis (4 November 2007).
3506:(Conservatism and Orthodoxy; 1870)
3246:). He formulated the principle of
922:within the Dutch Reformed Church.
286:20 May 1894 – 1 July 1894
14:
4385:Prime Minister of the Netherlands
4163:Digital Archive of Abraham Kuyper
4153:Digital Library of Abraham Kuyper
4039:. Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans.
3938:, Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans,
3861:. Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans.
2265:chair of the parliamentary caucus
2255:; they left the ARP to found the
1873:Conservative Christian Fellowship
1736:Christian Social Union in Bavaria
750:Prime Minister of the Netherlands
65:Prime Minister of the Netherlands
5499:Ministers of State (Netherlands)
5352:
4748:
4144:Works by or about Abraham Kuyper
4108:
4096:
3571:The South African Crisis (1900)
3405:Coalition for Christian Outreach
3284:. Kuyper stood at the cradle of
3131:Reformed Christianity portal
3124:
2526:
2092:
1711:Christian Democratic and Flemish
1076:
707:
688:
672:
23:. For the American college, see
5579:20th-century Dutch male writers
5559:19th-century Dutch male writers
5399:Conservatism in the Netherlands
3840:The Princeton Seminary Bulletin
3397:Institute for Christian Studies
3288:, the social expression of the
2707:Westminster Confession of Faith
2240:klokkenist van de kleine luyden
1848:Centrist Democrat International
1731:Christian Social People's Party
795:, the social expression of the
606:Abraham Kuyper Jr. (1872–1941)
575:
5584:20th-century Dutch politicians
5564:19th-century Dutch politicians
5454:Dutch political party founders
4844:Van Leyden van Westbarendrecht
4012:Bartholomew, Craig G. (2017).
3599:Vrouwen uit de Heilige schrift
3445:Nederduitse Gereformeerde Kerk
2614:Logical order of God's decrees
2414:Delft University of Technology
959:separation of church and state
940:Guillaume Groen van Prinsterer
1:
5419:Dutch academic administrators
4181:You Should Know Neo-Calvinism
4125:Biodiversity Heritage Library
3593:Antirevolutionaire Staatkunde
3528:Soevereiniteit in eigen kring
3178:. He developed the so-called
2712:Westminster Shorter Catechism
2489:Charles Ruijs de Beerenbrouck
2481:Order of the Netherlands Lion
2467:, to make him Officer in the
2450:Catholic University of Leuven
2247:was opposed on principle to
2165:Kuyper subsequently moved to
612:Guillaume Kuyper (1878–1941)
610:Catharina Kuyper (1876–1955)
604:Henriëtte Kuyper (1870–1933)
5574:20th-century Dutch educators
5549:19th-century Dutch educators
5449:Dutch historians of religion
4914:Van der Heim van Duivendijke
4899:Van der Heim van Duivendijke
4894:Schimmelpenninck van der Oye
4416:Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
3560:(Lectures on Calvinism; six
2717:Westminster Larger Catechism
2245:Alexander de Savornin Lohman
2160:Herman Verners van der Loeff
773:Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
771:In addition, he founded the
696:Reformed Christianity portal
227:Jan Hendrik de Waal Malefijt
4545:Ju. Van Zuylen van Nijevelt
4525:Ja. Van Zuylen van Nijevelt
3814:Bloomberg, Charles (1989),
3581:Parlementaire Redevoeringen
3504:Conservatisme en Orthodoxie
3401:Redeemer University College
2309:Johannes Tak van Poortvliet
1878:Centre for European Studies
1811:Popular Republican Movement
1706:Christian Democratic Appeal
957:and began to plead for the
905:In 1862 he was promoted to
745:[ˈaːbraːɦɑmˈkœypər]
608:Johanna Kuyper (1875–1948)
5610:
5554:19th-century Dutch writers
3983:Wood, John Halsey (2013),
3451:, which ultimately led to
1868:Konrad Adenauer Foundation
1716:Christian Democratic Party
943:
614:Levinus Kuyper (1882–1892)
18:
5350:
4884:Van Doorn van Westcapelle
4824:
4815:
4757:
4746:
4575:Van Lynden van Sandenburg
4485:
4434:
4424:
4414:Rector Magnificus of the
4411:
4406:
4401:
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4374:
4364:
4355:
4345:
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4262:
4254:
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4221:
4210:
4205:
4200:
3932:Mouw, Richard J. (2011),
3577:(Common Grace; 1902–1905)
3391:, The Clapham Institute,
3376:, and the hip hop artist
3220:equal government finances
3094:World Reformed Fellowship
2607:Baptist Covenant Theology
2321:honorary doctorate in law
1893:Center for Public Justice
1751:Croatian Democratic Union
1691:American Solidarity Party
997:), which Kuyper founded.
680:
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467:
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363:
321:
279:
244:
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5474:Leiden University alumni
4999:Kappeyne van de Coppello
4570:Kappeyne van de Coppello
4358:Minister of the Interior
4290:House of Representatives
4285:Anti-Revolutionary Party
4236:Anti-Revolutionary Party
4215:Anti-Revolutionary Party
4201:Party political offices
4193:, by J. Mark Beach, 2008
4068:Kuipers, Tjitze (2011).
4063:(in Dutch). Kampen: Kok.
4033:Bratt, James D. (2013).
3918:10.1163/187124111X609397
3890:10.1163/187124108X354330
3834:Harinck, George (2002),
3229:Anti-Revolutionary Party
2854:Friedrich Schleiermacher
2387:; however only those on
2365:minister of Home Affairs
2335:Caricature of Kuyper by
2219:House of Representatives
2175:Anti-Revolutionary Party
2016:Christian libertarianism
1954:Sollicitudo rei socialis
1290:Environmental protection
1094:Catholic social teaching
799:in public life, whereby
777:Anti-Revolutionary Party
550:Anti-Revolutionary Party
204:House of Representatives
180:Hendrik Goeman Borgesius
147:Minister of the Interior
140:Anti-Revolutionary Party
5594:Dutch newspaper editors
5459:Dutch political writers
5424:Dutch biblical scholars
4135:Works by Abraham Kuyper
4121:Works by Abraham Kuyper
2592:Theology of John Calvin
2426:Catholic General League
1858:European People's Party
1696:Austrian People's Party
910:comparing the views of
886:in literature in 1857,
602:Jan Kuyper (1866–1933)
565:Johanna Hendrika Schaay
5529:People from Sliedrecht
4949:Van Tets van Goudriaan
4113:Quotations related to
4018:. InterVarsity Press.
3820:, Palgrave Macmillan,
3612:Conclusions of Utrecht
3413:Reformed Bible College
3241:
2769:Johannes Oecolampadius
2469:Order of Orange-Nassau
2404:In 1905, his ARP lost
2344:
2251:because they rejected
2239:
1883:European Ideas Network
1161:Economic progressivism
659:Academic administrator
5524:People from Maassluis
4640:Ruijs de Beerenbrouck
4625:Ruijs de Beerenbrouck
3734:Lectures on Calvinism
3536:(1889; Manual Labour)
3346:Nicholas Wolterstorff
3307:Dutch Reformed Church
3233:Householder Franchise
3172:Dutch Reformed Church
2779:Peter Martyr Vermigli
2702:Westminster Standards
2520:Reformed Christianity
2334:
2295:, Kuyper competed in
2188:against a new law on
2021:Christian nationalism
1806:Polish People's Party
1776:National Action Party
1265:Social market economy
1223:Person Dignity Theory
1136:Consistent life ethic
1099:Christian corporatism
833:Dutch Reformed Church
789:modernism in theology
781:Dutch Reformed Church
766:Dutch Reformed Church
4540:Fransen van de Putte
4280:Parliamentary leader
4105:at Wikimedia Commons
3952:Snel, Johan (2020),
3676:"Dr. Abraham Kuyper"
3049:New England theology
3034:Mercersburg theology
2959:Continental Reformed
2685:Heidelberg Catechism
2675:Three Forms of Unity
2670:Helvetic Confessions
2629:Regulative principle
2475:for the province of
2353:freethinking liberal
2221:for the district of
2136:Member of Parliament
1933:Graves de communi re
1926:Populorum progressio
582:; died
199:Parliamentary leader
117:Member of the Senate
5059:Cort van der Linden
4849:Twent van Raaphorst
4620:Cort van der Linden
3437:Afrikaner Calvinist
2759:List of theologians
2738:Systematic theology
2253:popular sovereignty
2099:Christianity portal
2038:Religious democracy
2004:Christian socialism
1999:Christian communism
1994:Christian anarchism
1701:Christian Democracy
1250:Religious pluralism
1218:Option for the poor
1070:Christian democracy
860:secondary education
135:Parliamentary group
5589:Public theologians
5534:People from Leiden
5434:Dutch commentators
5409:Critics of atheism
5029:Tak van Poortvliet
5024:De Savornin Lohman
4341:Political offices
4184:, 11 February 2021
4173:, 27 February 2020
3796:The New York Times
3432:political theology
3352:, Vincent Bacote,
3225:universal suffrage
3215:sphere sovereignty
3064:Princeton theology
2904:H. Richard Niebuhr
2814:Franciscus Gomarus
2784:Heinrich Bullinger
2724:Barmen Declaration
2385:working conditions
2377:rules of procedure
2345:
2317:Princeton Seminary
2249:universal suffrage
1888:Schuman Foundation
1275:Sphere sovereignty
907:Doctor in theology
882:. He received his
432:Office established
339:Office established
297:Office established
5444:Dutch journalists
5361:
5360:
5009:Pijnacker Hordijk
4775:
4774:
4446:
4445:
4425:Succeeded by
4402:Academic offices
4392:Succeeded by
4365:Succeeded by
4334:Gerrit Middelberg
4331:Succeeded by
4301:Succeeded by
4263:Succeeded by
4245:Succeeded by
4222:Succeeded by
4186:. by Steve Bishop
4139:Project Gutenberg
4101:Media related to
4081:978-90-04-21139-1
4074:. Leiden: Brill.
4046:978-0-8028-6906-7
3996:978-0-19-992038-9
3965:978-90-446-4508-8
3945:978-0-8028-6603-5
3868:978-0-8028-4321-0
3827:978-1-349-10694-3
3439:community as the
3362:Timothy J. Keller
3350:Albert M. Wolters
3338:Cornelius Van Til
3334:Francis Schaeffer
3326:Herman Dooyeweerd
3305:which united the
3165:
3164:
2934:Donald G. Bloesch
2914:Cornelius Van Til
2829:Samuel Rutherford
2799:Zacharias Ursinus
2680:Belgic Confession
2597:Covenant theology
2503:Theological views
2430:minister of state
2400:Minister of State
2202:rector magnificus
2133:
2132:
2070:Ethical socialism
2033:Liberal democracy
1940:Quadragesimo anno
1898:Paneuropean Union
1786:Nationalist Party
1238:Religious liberty
1034:Secession of 1834
1026:(grieving ones).
880:Leiden University
856:primary education
684:
683:
625:Leiden University
555:
239:Gerrit Middelberg
5601:
5356:
5039:Goeman Borgesius
4874:Van Gobbelschroy
4854:Van der Capellen
4802:
4795:
4788:
4779:
4752:
4510:Van der Brugghen
4490:Schimmelpenninck
4472:
4465:
4458:
4449:
4435:Preceded by
4428:Frederik Rutgers
4378:Nicolaas Pierson
4375:Preceded by
4346:Preceded by
4321:Preceded by
4311:Preceded by
4266:Hendrikus Colijn
4255:Preceded by
4234:Chairman of the
4225:Hendrikus Colijn
4198:
4185:
4174:
4148:Internet Archive
4131:
4112:
4100:
4085:
4064:
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4029:
3999:
3979:
3978:
3977:
3968:, archived from
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3846:, archived from
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3800:
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3633:
3575:De Gemene Gratie
3409:Covenant College
3244:
3242:de kleine luyden
3157:
3150:
3143:
3129:
3128:
2986:Reformed Baptist
2909:Reinhold Niebuhr
2849:Jonathan Edwards
2839:Francis Turretin
2764:Huldrych Zwingli
2743:Metrical psalter
2697:Scots Confession
2533:Reformation Wall
2530:
2507:
2261:party discipline
2242:
2215:general election
2157:
2125:
2118:
2111:
2096:
2089:
2065:Social democracy
2026:Theoconservatism
1961:Centesimus annus
1947:Laborem exercens
1756:Democratic Rally
1336:Arizmendiarrieta
1285:Environmentalism
1203:Multiculturalism
1151:Dignity of labor
1141:Cultural mandate
1109:Communitarianism
1104:Christian ethics
1080:
1057:
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494:Personal details
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401:Hendrikus Colijn
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351:Hendrikus Colijn
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98:Nicolaas Pierson
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5603:
5602:
5600:
5599:
5598:
5539:Supralapsarians
5364:
5363:
5362:
5357:
5348:
5254:De Graaff-Nauta
5189:De Gaay Fortman
5079:De Beerenbrouck
5064:De Beerenbrouck
4820:
4811:
4806:
4776:
4771:
4753:
4744:
4481:
4476:
4442:
4440:Savornin Lohman
4439:
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4421:
4419:
4415:
4397:
4395:Theo de Meester
4388:
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4370:
4361:
4353:
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4349:Hendrik Goeman
4336:
4328:
4325:
4324:Jan Hendrik de
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4005:Further reading
4002:
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3625:
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3608:
3564:Kuyper held at
3491:
3354:Anthony Bradley
3342:Alvin Plantinga
3278:
3213:The concept of
3208:
3206:Political views
3161:
3123:
3109:
3108:
3084:
3074:
3073:
3029:Marrow Brethren
3004:
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2954:
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2924:Jürgen Moltmann
2809:William Perkins
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4379:
4373:
4369:
4360:
4359:
4352:
4344:
4339:
4335:
4327:
4326:Waal Malefijt
4319:
4315:
4309:
4305:
4292:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4275:
4271:
4267:
4259:
4253:
4249:
4238:
4237:
4230:
4226:
4217:
4216:
4208:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4192:
4188:
4183:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4171:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4136:
4133:
4130:
4126:
4122:
4119:
4116:
4111:
4107:
4104:
4099:
4095:
4094:
4090:
4083:
4077:
4073:
4072:
4066:
4062:
4061:
4056:
4055:Kasteel, Piet
4052:
4048:
4042:
4038:
4037:
4031:
4027:
4021:
4017:
4016:
4010:
4009:
4004:
3998:
3992:
3988:
3987:
3981:
3972:on 2020-12-19
3971:
3967:
3961:
3957:
3956:
3950:
3947:
3941:
3937:
3936:
3930:
3927:
3923:
3919:
3915:
3911:
3907:
3902:
3899:
3895:
3891:
3887:
3884:(2): 235–50,
3883:
3879:
3874:
3870:
3864:
3860:
3859:
3853:
3850:on 2012-08-28
3849:
3845:
3841:
3837:
3832:
3829:
3823:
3819:
3818:
3812:
3811:
3806:
3797:
3793:
3786:
3783:
3779:
3774:
3771:
3768:, p. 12.
3767:
3762:
3759:
3755:
3750:
3747:
3741:
3738:
3735:
3730:
3727:
3723:
3718:
3715:
3711:
3706:
3703:
3698:
3692:
3677:
3671:
3669:
3665:
3661:
3656:
3653:
3649:
3644:
3641:
3638:, p. 20.
3637:
3632:
3629:
3622:
3617:
3613:
3610:
3609:
3605:
3600:
3597:
3594:
3591:
3588:
3585:
3582:
3579:
3576:
3573:
3570:
3567:
3563:
3559:
3556:
3553:
3550:
3547:
3544:
3541:
3538:
3535:
3532:
3529:
3526:
3523:
3520:
3517:
3514:
3511:
3508:
3505:
3502:
3499:
3496:
3495:
3494:
3488:
3486:
3484:
3483:New York City
3481:she moved to
3480:
3476:
3472:
3468:
3463:
3460:
3456:
3454:
3450:
3446:
3442:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3426:
3422:
3418:
3415:, located in
3414:
3410:
3406:
3402:
3398:
3394:
3393:Dordt College
3390:
3386:
3381:
3379:
3375:
3371:
3367:
3366:James Skillen
3363:
3359:
3355:
3351:
3347:
3343:
3339:
3335:
3331:
3327:
3323:
3322:North America
3318:
3316:
3312:
3308:
3304:
3300:
3296:
3291:
3287:
3286:pillarisation
3283:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3266:
3261:
3257:
3253:
3249:
3245:
3243:
3236:
3234:
3230:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3205:
3203:
3201:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3185:
3181:
3180:neo-Calvinism
3177:
3173:
3168:
3158:
3153:
3151:
3146:
3144:
3139:
3138:
3136:
3135:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3121:
3120:Protestantism
3117:
3113:
3112:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3086:
3083:
3082:Organizations
3078:
3077:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3054:New Calvinism
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3044:Neo-Calvinism
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3006:
3000:
2999:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2975:
2974:United States
2972:
2970:
2967:
2966:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2956:
2953:
2952:Denominations
2948:
2947:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2869:Charles Hodge
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2859:Philip Schaff
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2824:Moses Amyraut
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2804:Theodore Beza
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2761:
2760:
2752:
2751:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2733:
2729:
2725:
2722:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2704:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2677:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2667:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2657:
2656:
2655:List of texts
2648:
2647:
2640:
2639:Scholasticism
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2624:Lord's Supper
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2599:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2589:
2583:
2582:
2575:
2574:Protestantism
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2561:
2555:
2554:
2550:
2546:
2545:Theodore Beza
2542:
2538:
2537:William Farel
2534:
2529:
2525:
2524:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2509:
2508:
2502:
2500:
2494:
2492:
2490:
2486:
2483:. During the
2482:
2478:
2477:South Holland
2474:
2470:
2466:
2465:Rudolf Lehman
2462:
2457:
2455:
2451:
2447:
2443:
2439:
2435:
2431:
2427:
2423:
2419:
2415:
2411:
2410:Mediterranean
2407:
2406:the elections
2399:
2397:
2395:
2390:
2386:
2380:
2378:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2358:
2354:
2350:
2342:
2341:De Ware Jacob
2338:
2333:
2326:
2324:
2322:
2318:
2314:
2313:B.B. Warfield
2310:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2211:
2209:
2208:
2203:
2199:
2195:
2191:
2187:
2182:
2180:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2163:
2161:
2155:
2150:
2147:
2143:
2135:
2126:
2121:
2119:
2114:
2112:
2107:
2106:
2104:
2103:
2100:
2095:
2088:
2084:
2083:
2082:
2081:
2071:
2068:
2067:
2066:
2063:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2040:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2013:
2012:
2009:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1990:
1987:
1986:
1979:
1978:
1970:
1969:
1965:
1963:
1962:
1958:
1956:
1955:
1951:
1949:
1948:
1944:
1942:
1941:
1937:
1935:
1934:
1930:
1928:
1927:
1923:
1921:
1920:
1919:Rerum novarum
1916:
1915:
1908:
1907:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1840:
1836:Organizations
1833:
1832:
1824:
1823:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1791:New Democracy
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
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1749:
1747:
1744:
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1734:
1732:
1729:
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1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
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1694:
1692:
1689:
1688:
1681:
1680:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1656:von der Leyen
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1488:
1481:
1480:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1431:Nell-Breuning
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1333:
1326:
1325:
1315:
1312:
1311:
1310:
1307:
1303:
1300:
1299:
1298:
1295:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1282:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1255:Social Gospel
1253:
1251:
1248:
1244:
1241:
1240:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1208:Neo-Calvinism
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1198:Mixed economy
1196:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1183:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1171:Human dignity
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1116:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1091:
1084:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1074:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1058:
1052:
1050:
1043:
1041:
1039:
1035:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1019:
1016:
1012:
1007:
1000:
998:
996:
992:
988:
987:
981:
979:
975:
971:
967:
962:
960:
956:
952:
951:Pietje Baltus
947:
945:
941:
937:
933:
925:
923:
921:
917:
913:
908:
903:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
852:home-schooled
848:
846:
842:
839:, Maassluis,
838:
834:
830:
826:
822:
814:
812:
810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
793:pillarisation
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
769:
767:
763:
759:
755:
754:neo-Calvinist
751:
746:
738:
737:
728:
704:
697:
691:
686:
679:
675:
671:
667:
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
633:
629:
626:
623:
621:
617:
599:
598:Herman Kuyper
596:
592:
562:
558:
551:
548:
544:
541:
537:
528:
524:
521:
517:
501:
497:
492:
488:
482:
477:
471:
466:
460:
455:
452:
448:
445:
442:
436:
433:
430:
424:
420:
416:
410:
405:
402:
399:
393:
390:
387:
381:
377:
373:
367:
362:
359:
355:
352:
349:
343:
340:
337:
331:
325:
320:
317:
313:
310:
307:
301:
298:
295:
289:
283:
278:
275:
272:
266:
263:
260:
254:
248:
243:
240:
237:
231:
228:
225:
219:
213:
208:
205:
200:
196:
193:
190:
184:
181:
178:
172:
168:
162:
156:
151:
148:
144:
141:
138:
136:
132:
126:
121:
118:
114:
111:
108:
102:
99:
96:
90:
87:
84:
80:
74:
69:
66:
62:
58:
51:
46:
39:
36:
31:
26:
22:
5184:M. Geertsema
5164:Smallenbroek
5054:T. Heemskerk
5043:
5014:J. Heemskerk
4994:J. Heemskerk
4989:J. Geertsema
4969:J. Heemskerk
4964:J. Geertsema
4954:Van Heemstra
4924:De Kempenaer
4660:Schermerhorn
4615:T. Heemskerk
4604:
4580:J. Heemskerk
4565:J. Heemskerk
4530:Van Heemstra
4495:De Kempenaer
4412:
4407:
4383:
4356:
4278:
4273:
4232:
4211:
4206:
4190:
4180:
4169:
4117:at Wikiquote
4070:
4059:
4035:
4014:
3985:
3974:, retrieved
3970:the original
3954:
3934:
3909:
3905:
3881:
3877:
3857:
3848:the original
3843:
3839:
3816:
3795:
3785:
3778:Harinck 2002
3773:
3761:
3749:
3740:
3729:
3717:
3705:
3680:. Retrieved
3662:, p. 3.
3655:
3643:
3631:
3598:
3592:
3586:
3580:
3574:
3557:
3551:
3545:
3539:
3534:Handenarbeid
3533:
3527:
3521:
3515:
3509:
3503:
3497:
3492:
3489:Bibliography
3479:World War II
3464:
3457:
3440:
3429:
3417:Grand Rapids
3382:
3358:Chuck Colson
3319:
3279:
3239:
3237:
3212:
3209:
3195:
3188:
3184:common grace
3169:
3166:
3116:Christianity
3114:
2964:Presbyterian
2929:J. I. Packer
2873:
2774:Martin Bucer
2730:
2660:Geneva Bible
2564:Christianity
2498:
2460:
2458:
2403:
2381:
2346:
2340:
2212:
2206:
2183:
2164:
2139:
1966:
1959:
1952:
1945:
1938:
1931:
1924:
1917:
1820:
1771:Kataeb Party
1741:Centre Party
1560:
1396:John Paul II
1329:Philosophers
1297:Subsidiarity
1186:Conservative
1156:Distributism
1114:Conservatism
1047:
1031:
1028:
1020:
1008:
1004:
991:The Standard
990:
986:De Standaard
984:
982:
977:
973:
963:
948:
929:
904:
849:
818:
770:
702:
701:
600:(1864–1945)
531:(1920-11-08)
480:
469:
458:
439:Succeeded by
431:
408:
396:Succeeded by
365:
346:Succeeded by
338:
323:
304:Succeeded by
296:
281:
269:Succeeded by
246:
234:Succeeded by
211:
187:Succeeded by
154:
124:
105:Succeeded by
72:
38:the Reverend
5379:1920 deaths
5374:1837 births
5334:Bruins Slot
5099:Van Boeijen
4944:Van Rappard
4904:Vollenhoven
4879:De la Coste
4859:Van Stralen
4834:Van Stralen
4368:Pieter Rink
3754:Kuyper 1998
3516:Ons Program
3471:Netherlands
3290:anti-thesis
3014:Amyraldians
2969:South Korea
2889:John Machen
2789:John Calvin
2755:Theologians
2665:Confessions
2569:Reformation
2541:John Calvin
2461:lintjeszaak
2442:orthography
2337:Albert Hahn
2152: [
1968:Laudato si'
1761:Fianna Fáil
1591:Mikołajczyk
1484:Politicians
1280:Stewardship
1213:Neo-Thomism
1166:Familialism
1124:Progressive
912:John Calvin
884:propaedeuse
850:Kuyper was
825:Netherlands
797:anti-thesis
554:(from 1879)
540:Netherlands
520:Netherlands
427:Preceded by
384:Preceded by
334:Preceded by
292:Preceded by
257:Preceded by
222:Preceded by
192:Pieter Rink
175:Preceded by
93:Preceded by
5368:Categories
5269:Van Boxtel
5119:Van Schaik
5034:Van Houten
4934:Van Reenen
4869:De Coninck
4730:Balkenende
4705:Biesheuvel
4610:De Meester
4422:1887–1888
4420:1880–1881
4408:New office
4389:1901–1905
4362:1901–1905
4298:1908–1912
4296:1896–1901
4274:New office
4242:1907–1920
4240:1879–1905
4219:1879–1920
4207:New office
3976:2021-03-04
3682:2008-02-06
3618:References
3558:Calvinisme
3467:Johtje Vos
3459:Saul Dubow
3374:Bobi Jones
3256:socialists
3248:antithesis
3039:Neonomians
3009:Afrikaners
2899:Karl Barth
2864:John Nevin
2558:Background
2359:and later
2301:Sliedrecht
2289:Van Houten
2223:Sliedrecht
2207:Dolerenden
2179:antithesis
1816:VMRO-DPMNE
1671:Windthorst
1576:Mazowiecki
1516:De Gasperi
1366:Dooyeweerd
1356:Chesterton
1270:Solidarity
1228:Popularism
1181:Liberalism
1087:Principles
1011:consistory
978:The Herald
872:philosophy
868:literature
841:Middelburg
815:Early life
801:Protestant
651:Journalist
643:Theologian
635:Politician
631:Occupation
620:Alma mater
509:1837-10-29
86:Wilhelmina
5344:Uitermark
5329:Ollongren
5319:Ollongren
5284:Ter Horst
5249:Van Thijn
5229:De Koning
5199:Van Thijn
5169:Samkalden
5154:Struycken
4984:Van Bosse
4979:Thorbecke
4959:Thorbecke
4929:Thorbecke
4764:education
4655:Gerbrandy
4555:Thorbecke
4550:Van Bosse
4535:Thorbecke
4515:Rochussen
4500:Thorbecke
4351:Borgesius
3926:1871-241X
3898:1871-241X
3660:Mouw 2011
3648:Wood 2013
3636:Snel 2020
3623:Footnotes
3566:Princeton
3540:Maranatha
3473:from the
3453:Apartheid
3269:afterlife
3260:Catholics
3024:Huguenots
3003:Movements
2834:John Owen
2794:John Knox
2549:John Knox
2452:. In the
2422:Heemskerk
2373:Heemskerk
2357:formateur
2305:Amsterdam
2231:Amsterdam
2227:Dordrecht
2190:education
2167:The Hague
1911:Documents
1766:Fine Gael
1651:Vogelsang
1646:Tindemans
1616:Pöttering
1496:Andreotti
1466:Vogelsang
1411:Lamennais
1024:Doleantie
1015:Amsterdam
1001:Doleantie
974:De Heraut
970:Amsterdam
916:Jan Łaski
864:Gymnasium
821:Maassluis
669:Signature
663:Professor
647:Historian
536:The Hague
516:Maassluis
481:In office
470:In office
459:In office
409:In office
366:In office
324:In office
282:In office
247:In office
212:In office
155:In office
125:In office
73:In office
5339:De Jonge
5314:Plasterk
5304:Plasterk
5274:De Vries
5259:Dijkstal
5234:Van Dijk
5224:Van Dijk
5219:De Korte
5209:Rietkerk
5179:Beernink
5159:Toxopeus
5149:Suurhoff
5144:Van Oven
5134:Teulings
5124:Teulings
5109:Witteman
5084:De Wilde
4839:Mollerus
4768:religion
4695:Zijlstra
4685:Marijnen
4560:De Vries
4520:Van Hall
4505:Van Hall
4057:(1938).
3691:cite web
3606:See also
3568:in 1898)
3477:. After
3449:Boer War
3421:Michigan
3252:Liberals
3200:creation
3069:Puritans
3059:Pilgrims
2991:Anglican
2586:Theology
2512:a series
2510:Part of
2297:Zuidhorn
2269:suffrage
2194:chairman
2186:petition
2146:Jonkheer
2043:Buddhist
1606:Pastrana
1551:Korfanty
1541:Ketteler
1491:Adenauer
1471:Williams
1461:Tischner
1421:Maritain
1416:Leo XIII
1406:Korfanty
1401:Ketteler
1391:Habsburg
1371:Gebhardt
1351:Berggrav
1062:a series
1060:Part of
1018:ruling.
932:ministry
896:Armenian
876:theology
837:Hoogmade
831:for the
829:minister
805:Catholic
785:Arminian
762:Reformed
639:Minister
594:Children
5089:Boeijen
5069:De Geer
4889:De Kock
4720:Lubbers
4715:Van Agt
4710:Den Uyl
4700:De Jong
4680:De Quay
4650:De Geer
4635:De Geer
4600:Pierson
4287:in the
4282:of the
4146:at the
3807:Sources
2619:Baptism
2444:of the
2438:liberal
2392:in the
2389:fishing
2347:In the
2213:In the
2048:Islamic
1684:Parties
1636:Strauss
1626:Schuman
1611:Pethrus
1601:Quadros
1586:Metsola
1571:Martens
1511:Caldera
1441:Pius XI
1426:Mounier
1309:Welfare
1119:Liberal
966:Utrecht
900:physics
862:at the
809:secular
588:
572:
568:
421:Himself
378:Himself
201:in the
169:Himself
82:Monarch
5294:Donner
5279:Remkes
5194:Wiegel
5174:Verdam
5094:Burger
5044:Kuyper
5019:Mackay
4939:Simons
4740:Schoof
4645:Colijn
4630:Colijn
4605:Kuyper
4585:Mackay
4078:
4043:
4022:
3993:
3962:
3942:
3924:
3896:
3865:
3824:
3589:(1915)
3542:(1891)
3403:, The
3385:Cardus
3378:Lecrae
3276:Legacy
2547:, and
2473:Senate
2394:Senate
2369:Mackay
2275:, and
2273:labour
2097:
2058:Mormon
2053:Jewish
1661:Wałęsa
1641:Sturzo
1581:Merkel
1561:Kuyper
1536:Joseph
1521:Erhard
1456:Sturzo
1381:Görres
1376:Gilson
1346:Belloc
1341:Baader
1129:Social
995:pillar
892:Arabic
845:Leiden
775:, the
741:Dutch:
655:Author
578:
560:Spouse
418:Leader
375:Leader
21:Kuiper
5324:Knops
5299:Spies
5264:Peper
5239:Dales
4919:Luzac
4864:Röell
4829:Gogel
4735:Rutte
4670:Drees
4595:Roëll
4294:1894
3475:Nazis
2651:Texts
2495:Views
2434:Ommen
2418:Sneek
2156:]
2142:Gouda
1666:Weber
1631:Söder
1621:Prodi
1566:Letta
1531:Groen
1506:Buzek
1451:Stein
1446:Röpke
1436:Pesch
1386:Groen
1314:State
944:below
936:Beesd
586:)
574:(
570:
5309:Blok
5204:Rood
5139:Beel
5104:Beel
5049:Rink
4974:Fock
4760:List
4690:Cals
4675:Beel
4665:Beel
4076:ISBN
4041:ISBN
4020:ISBN
3991:ISBN
3960:ISBN
3940:ISBN
3922:ISSN
3894:ISSN
3863:ISBN
3822:ISBN
3697:link
3254:and
2303:and
2229:and
1822:More
1596:Moro
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874:and
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807:and
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580:1863
526:Died
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5004:Six
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