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blessed immortality through Jesus Christ.' His views seemed to settle so naturally around that statement, that I considered no other necessary. His language seemed not that of an inquirer, but of one who had a prior settled belief in the fundamental doctrines of the
Christian religion. Once or twice, speaking to me of the change which had come upon him, he said, while he could not fix any definite time, yet it was after he came here, and I am very positive that in his own mind he identified it with about the time of Willie's death. He said, too, that after he went to the White House he kept up the habit of daily prayer. Sometimes he said it was only ten words, but those ten words he had. There is no possible reason to suppose that Mr. Lincoln would ever deceive me as to his religious sentiments. In many conversations with him, I absorbed the firm conviction that Mr. Lincoln was at heart a Christian man, believed in the Savior, and was seriously considering the step which would formally connect him with the visible church on earth. Certainly, any suggestion as to Mr. Lincoln's skepticism or Infidelity, to me who knew him intimately from 1862 till the time of his death, is a monstrous fiction -- a shocking perversion.
1223:, doubting the immortality of the soul as the Christian world understands that term. He believed that the soul lost its identity and was immortal as a force. Subsequent to this he rose to the belief of a God, and this is all the change he ever underwent. I speak knowing what I say. He was a noble man- a good great man for all this. My own ideas of God- his attributes - man, his destiny, & the relations of the two, are tinged with Mr. Lincoln's religion. I cannot, for the poor life of me, see why men dodge the sacred truth of things. In my poor lectures I stick to the truth and bide my time. I love Mr. Lincoln dearly, almost worship him, but that can't blind me. He's the purest politician I ever saw, and the justest man. I am scribbling- that's the word- away on a life of Mr. Lincoln- gathering known- authentic & true facts of him. Excuse the liberties I have taken with you- hope you won't have a fight with Johnson. Is he turning out a fool - a Tyler? He must go with God if he wants to be a living and vital power.
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denied the truth of the
Scriptures; and I have never spoken with intentional disrespect of religion in general, or of any denomination of Christians in particular. It is true that in early life I was inclined to believe in what I understand is called the "Doctrine of Necessity"—that is, that the human mind is impelled to action, or held in rest by some power, over which the mind itself has no control; and I have sometimes (with one, two or three, but never publicly) tried to maintain this opinion in argument. The habit of arguing thus however, I have, entirely left off for more than five years. And I add here, I have always understood this same opinion to be held by several of the Christian denominations. The foregoing, is the whole truth, briefly stated, in relation to myself, upon this subject.
723:(1926), Lincoln attended one of Cartwright's revival meetings. At the conclusion of the service, the fiery pulpiteer called for all who intended to go to heaven to rise. Naturally, the response was heartening. Then, he called for all those who wished to go to hell to stand. Unsurprisingly there were not many takers. Lincoln had responded to neither option. Cartwright closed in. "Mr. Lincoln, you have not expressed an interest in going to either heaven or hell. May I enquire as to where you do plan to go?" Lincoln replied: "I did not come here with the idea of being singled out, but since you ask, I will reply with equal candor. I intend to go to Congress."
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2102:(Simon & Schuster, 1995), pp. 336-337, writes: "After the burial the President repeatedly shut himself in a room so that he could weep alone... During this time he increasingly turned to religion for solace... During the weeks after Willie's death Lincoln had several long talks with the Rev. Phineas D. Gurley, pastor of the New York Avenue Presbyterian Church in Washington where the Lincolns rented a pew... hen he looked back on the events of this tragic spring, recognized that he underwent what he called 'a process of crystallization' in his religious beliefs."
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1210:, intimately acquainted with him in Illinois, and with him during all the years that he lived in Washington, says: "Never in all that time did he let fall from his lips or his pen an expression which remotely implied the slightest faith in Jesus as the son of God and the Savior of men." Both Lamon and Herndon published biographies of their former colleague after his assassination relating their personal recollections of him. Each denied Lincoln's adherence to Christianity and characterized his religious beliefs as deist or skeptical.
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purpose of either party -- and yet the human instrumentalities, working just as they do, are of the best adaptation to effect His purpose. I am almost ready to say that this is probably true -- that God wills this contest, and wills that it shall not end yet. By his mere great power, on the minds of the now contestants, He could have either saved or destroyed the Union without a human contest. Yet the contest began. And, having begun He could give the final victory to either side any day. Yet the contest proceeds.
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Presbyterian Church to be received into the membership of the said church, by confession of his faith in Christ, on the Easter Sunday following the Friday night when Mr. Lincoln was assassinated." Mrs. Lauck was, she said, about thirty years of age at the time of the assassination. While this is possible, Dr. Gurley did not mention anything about
Lincoln's impending membership at the funeral in the White House, in which he delivered the sermon that has been preserved, nor in his reply to Reed (above).
979:, "The purposes of the Almighty are perfect, and must prevail, though we erring mortals may fail accurately to perceive them in advance. We hoped for a happy termination of this terrible war long before this; but God knows best, and has ruled otherwise...we must work earnestly in the best light He gives us, trusting that so working still conduces to the great ends He ordains. Surely He intends some great good to follow this mighty convulsion, which no mortal could make, and no mortal could stay."
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Christian religion but on all its fundamental doctrines and teaching. And more than that: in the latter days of his chastened and weary life, after the death of his son Willie, and his visit to the battle-field of
Gettysburg, he said, with tears in his eyes, that he had lost confidence in everything but God, and that he now believed his heart was changed, and that he loved the Saviour, and, if he was not deceived in himself, it was his intention soon to make a profession of religion.
823:("Willie"), died at the White House. Historians suggest that this may have been the most difficult personal crisis in Lincoln's life. After the funeral, he attempted a return to his routine but was unable. One week after the funeral, he isolated himself in his office and wept all day. Several people reported that Lincoln told them that his feelings about religion changed at this time. Willie is reported to have often remarked that he wanted to become a minister.
675:; and therefore, as I suppose with few exceptions, got all of that Church. My wife had some relations in the Presbyterian churches, and some in the Episcopal churches; and therefore, wherever it would tell, I was set down as either one or the other, while it was everywhere contended that no Christian ought to vote for me because I belonged to no Church, and was suspected of being a Deist and had talked of fighting a duel.
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gratefully acknowledged as with one heart and one voice by the whole
American People. I do therefore invite my fellow citizens in every part of the United States, and also those who are at sea and those who are sojourning in foreign lands, to set apart and observe the last Thursday of November next, as a day of Thanksgiving and Praise to our beneficent Father who dwelleth in the Heavens.
536:, rejected the idea that he was a believing Christian. During his 1846 run for the House of Representatives, in order to dispel accusations concerning his religious beliefs, Lincoln issued a handbill stating that he had "never denied the truth of the Scriptures". He seemed to believe in an all-powerful God, who shaped events and, by 1865, was expressing those beliefs in major speeches.
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inherently improbable, and rests on no adequate testimony. It ought to be wholly disregarded. The earliest reference I have found to the story in which
Lincoln is alleged to have said to an unnamed Illinois minister, "I do love Jesus" is in a sermon preached in the Baptist Church of Oshkosh, Wisconsin, April 19, 1865, by Rev. W.W. Whitcomb, which was published in the Oshkosh
866:, Lincoln said, "I made a solemn vow before God, that if General Lee was driven back from Maryland I would crown the result by the declaration of freedom to the slaves." The differences in interpretation of Lincoln's statement may be due to the belief that "swearing or vowing" to God was considered blasphemous by some religious organizations.
1095:, Lincoln's law partner in Springfield. Lamon had also been a law partner with Lincoln in Illinois, from 1852 until 1857, and later was Lincoln's personal bodyguard in Washington. Lamon's biography stated that Lincoln did not himself believe in the divinity of Jesus, and that several who knew him as a young man described him as an "infidel".
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Miner was also one of the ministers who officiated at the burial of
Abraham Lincoln. Miner wrote, Lincoln "believed not only in the overwhelming Providence of God, but in the divinity of the Sacred Scriptures." Miner also related the story that on the night he was assassinated, Lincoln supposedly told Mary that he desired to visit the
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683:, the noted evangelist, Cartwright tried to make Lincoln's religion or lack of it a major issue of the campaign. Responding to accusations that he was an "infidel", Lincoln defended himself, publishing a hand-bill to "directly contradict" the charge made against him. The declaration was released as follows:
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In addition to what has appeared from my pen, I will state that I have had many conversations with Mr. Lincoln, which were more or less of a religious character, and while I never tried to draw anything like a statement of his views from him, yet he freely expressed himself to me as having 'a hope of
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This incident must have appeared in print immediately after
Lincoln's death, for I find it quoted in memorial addresses of May, 1865. Mr. Oldroyd has endeavored to learn for me in what paper he found it and on whose authority it rests, but without result. He does not remember where he found it. It is
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No human counsel hath devised nor hath any mortal hand worked out these great things. They are the gracious gifts of the Most High God, who, while dealing with us in anger for our sins, hath nevertheless remembered mercy. It has seemed to me fit and proper that they should be solemnly, reverently and
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The will of God prevails. In great contests each party claims to act in accordance with the will of God. Both may be, and one must be, wrong. God cannot be for and against the same thing at the same time. In the present civil war it is quite possible that God's purpose is something different from the
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on the bookshelf at the tavern where
Herndon said Lincoln had read it. Finally, Ross stated he was very well acquainted with everyone in the community of New Salem and he would have known about any conversations regarding a document of this nature. It is a reasonable conclusion that there was never a
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The pastor of a church in
Freeport, Illinois, in November 1864, said that a man from Illinois visited Lincoln in the White House and, after conducting other business, asked the president if he loved Jesus. The pastor said that Lincoln buried his face in his handkerchief as tears came to his eyes and
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A Bible that belonged to President Abraham Lincoln resurfaced 150 years after his death. The Bible was gifted to President Lincoln by the Citizens Volunteer Hospital of Philadelphia on June 16, 1864. It was then passed on to his neighbor Rev. Noyes W. Miner by the first lady Mary Lincoln on October
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But Ward Lamon claimed that Mary Lincoln said to William Herndon: "Mr. Lincoln had no hope and no faith in the usual acceptance of these words" and Herndon claimed she told him that "Mr. Lincoln's maxim and philosophy were, 'What is to be, will be, and no prayers of ours can arrest the decree.' He
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This has been portrayed to have been Lincoln's "reply" to this unnamed Illinois minister when asked if he loved Jesus. Some versions of this have Lincoln using the word "crosses" instead of "graves", and some have him saying "Christ" instead of "Jesus". William Eleazar Barton quotes this version in
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When I left home to take this chair of state, I requested my countrymen to pray for me. I was not then a Christian. When my son died, the severest trial of my life, I was not a Christian. But, when I went to Gettysburg and looked upon the graves of our dead heroes who had fallen in defense of their
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In response to the reported speech in Maryland, Lincoln's law partner Herndon remarked "I am aware of the fraud committed on Mr. Lincoln in reporting some insane remarks supposed to have been made by him, in 1864, on the presentation of a Bible to him by the colored people of Baltimore. No sane man
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As to the christian theory, that, Christ is God, or equal to the Creator he said had better be taken for granted â for by the test of reason all might become infidels on that subject, for evidence of Christs divinity Came to us in somewhat doubtful Shape â but that the Sistom of Christianity was an
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first published an account of the Paine-influenced manuscript in his 1889 biography of Lincoln. Harvey Lee Ross, mail carrier who lived in New Salem with Lincoln in 1834, regarded Herndon's account as a fictional story. He stated the following issues with the Herndon's account: Herndon was 16 years
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With very great sorrow & natural indignation have I read of Mr Herndon, placing words in my mouth--never once uttered. I remember the call he made on me for a few minutes at the hotel as he mentions, your welcome entrance a quarter of an hour afterward, naturally prevented a further interview
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Mary Todd Lincoln strongly disagreed with the portrayal of her husband. She may have enlisted people such as Rev. Noyes W. Miner to testify to Lincoln's faith. Miner lived across the street from the Lincolns in Springfield, Illinois, and Lincoln was known to visit with Miner, a Baptist minister.
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On Monday, March 4, 1861, Lincoln delivered his first inaugural address, after the oath of office was administered by Chief Justice Roger Taney. Lincoln's speech addressed the national crisis of the southern secession from the union. Lincoln had hoped to resolve the conflict peacefully without a
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believed in a Creator of all things, who had neither beginning nor end, who possessing all power and wisdom, established a principal, in Obedience to which, Worlds move and are upheld, and animel and vegatable life came into existence. A reason he gave for his belief was, that in view of the Order
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I do not believe a word of it. It could not have been true of him while here, for I have had frequent and intimate conversations with him on the subject of the Bible and the Christian religion, when he could have had no motive to deceive me, and I considered him sound not only on the truth of the
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In regard to this great book, I have but to say, it is the best gift God has given to man. All the good the Saviour gave to the world was communicated through this book. But for it we could not know right from wrong. All things most desirable for man's welfare, here and hereafter, are to be found
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Both read the same Bible, and pray to the same God; and each invokes His aid against the other. It may seem strange that any men should dare to ask a just God's assistance in wringing their bread from the sweat of other men's faces; but let us judge not that we be not judged. The prayers of both
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I do not think I could myself, be brought to support a man for office, whom I knew to be an open enemy of, and scoffer at, religion. Leaving the higher matter of eternal consequences, between him and his Maker, I still do not think any man has the right thus to insult the feelings, and injure the
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A charge having got into circulation in some of the neighborhoods of this District, in substance that I am an open scoffer at Christianity, I have by the advice of some friends concluded to notice the subject in this form. That I am not a member of any Christian Church, is true; but I have never
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of Oxford University highlights Lincoln's considerable ability to rally evangelical Northern Protestants to the flag by nourishing the millennial belief that they were God's chosen people. A reviewer of Carwardine's book notes: "This was no mean feat, coming from a man who had been suspected of
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In the anxious uncertainties of the great war, he gradually rose to the heights where Jehovah became to him the sublimest of realities, the ruler of nations....When darkness gathered over the brave armies fighting for the nation's life, this strong man in the early morning knelt and wrestled in
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I remember well his argument. He took the passage, "As in Adam all die, even so in Christ shall all be made alive", and followed with the proposition that whatever the breach or injury of Adam's transgression to the human race was, which no doubt was very great, was made just and right by the
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According to an affidavit signed under oath in Essex County, New Jersey, February 15, 1928, by Mrs. Sidney I. Lauck, then a very old woman: "After Mr. Lincoln's death, Dr. Gurley told me that Mr. Lincoln had made all the necessary arrangements with him and the Session of the New York Avenue
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that the president "seldom communicated to anyone his views" on religion, and he went on to suggest that those views were not orthodox: "on the innate depravity of man, the character and office of the great head of the Church, the Atonement, the infallibility of the written revelation, the
2264:(Boston, New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1911), 1:143, reported that Lincoln made a covenant with God that if God would change the tide of the war, Lincoln would change his policy toward slavery. See also Nicholas Parrillo, "Lincoln's Calvinist Transformation: Emancipation and War",
1143:, told Reed that he "believed Mr. Lincoln to be a sincere Christian" and reported that Lincoln had told a woman from Brooklyn in the United States Christian Commission that he had had "a change of heart" and intended "at some suitable opportunity to make a profession of religion".
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seem inconsistent. She wrote to Reverend Smith, the pastor in Springfield: "When too - the overwhelming sorrow came upon us, our beautiful bright angelic boy, Willie was called away from us, to his Heavenly Home, with God's chastising hand upon us - he turned his heart to Christ."
624:. A friend supposedly burned the manuscript to protect Lincoln from ridicule. Biographer Rev. William Barton finds it likely that Lincoln had written an essay something of this character, but unlikely that it was burned in such a manner. New Salem schoolteacher
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wrote that "Given that Lincoln never made any such profession publicly to anyone else, the account itself is dubious," though he added that Lincoln's wife is quoted as saying that "he felt religious More than Ever about the time he went to Gettysburg.â
503:, often quoting it. Lincoln attended Protestant church services with his wife and children. "Especially after the death of his young son Willie in 1862, Lincoln moved away from his earlier religious skepticism." Some argue that Lincoln was neither a
832:, popularly in vogue during this era, was tried by Lincoln's wife. She used the services of mediums and spiritualists to try to contact their dead son. Lincoln allegedly attended at least one seance at the White House at this time with his wife.
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Mr. Lincoln's religion is too well known to me to allow of even a shadow of a doubt; he is or was a Theist & a Rationalist, denying all extraordinary - supernatural inspiration or revelation. At one time in his life, he was an elevated
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morals, of the community in which he may live. If, then, I was guilty of such conduct, I should blame no man who should condemn me for it; but I do blame those, whoever they may be, who falsely put such a charge in circulation against me.
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civil war. During the address, Lincoln stated, "Intelligence, patriotism, Christianity, and a firm reliance on Him who has never yet forsaken this favored land are still competent to adjust in the best way all our present difficulty."
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When a pious minister told Lincoln he "hoped the Lord is on our side", the president responded, "I am not at all concerned about that.... But it is my constant anxiety and prayer that I and this nation should be on the Lord's side."
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15, 1872. Miner's family has passed the keepsake down from generation to generation and donated the Bible for the public to see. Another Bible owned by Lincoln was used by former presidents Obama and Trump at their inaugurations.
592:. He drafted a pamphlet incorporating such ideas, but did not publish it. After charges of hostility to Christianity almost cost him a congressional bid, he kept his unorthodox beliefs private. The one aspect of his parents'
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agnosticism or atheism for most of his life. Yet by the end, while still a religious skeptic, Lincoln, too, seemed to equate the preservation of the Union and the freeing of the slaves with some higher, mystical purpose."
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gave the address at Lincoln's funeral he quoted him asking a soldier "Do you ever find yourself talking with the dead? Since Willie's death, I catch myself every day, involuntarily talking with him as if he were with me."
2211:(Simon & Schuster, 1995), 354, writes, "By the summer of 1862, Lincoln felt especially in need of divine help. Everything, it seemed, was going wrong, and his hope for bringing a speedy end to the war was dashed."
1196:. In a letter dated May 27, 1865, Colonel Nicolay says: "Mr. Lincoln did not, to my knowledge, in any way change his religious ideas, opinions, or beliefs from the time he left Springfield to the day of his death."
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old in 1834 and lived 20 miles away in Springfield and did not have contact with Lincoln. There was no stove in Samuel Hill's store in 1834 where the manuscript was allegedly burned. There was not a copy of
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Rev. James Armstrong Reed, in preparing his 1873 lectures on the religion of Lincoln, asked a number of people if there was any evidence of Lincoln being an "infidel" in his later life. The reply from
2585:, "The Victory of Truth, a Discourse Preached on the Day of National Thanksgiving, November 24, 1864, in the First Presbyterian Church of Freeport, Illinois, by Isaac E. Carey", Quote appears in
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performance of miracles, the nature and design of ... future rewards and punishments ... and many other subjects, he held opinions utterly at variance with what are usually taught in the church."
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argues that Lincoln's boyhood inculcation of Calvinism was the dominant thread running through his adult life. He characterizes Lincoln's worldview as a kind of "Calvinized deism."
919:, in the fall, Lincoln issued the first Federally mandated Thanksgiving Day to be kept on the last Thursday in November. Reflecting on the successes of the past year, Lincoln said,
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1816:. New York: Eaton & Mains. pp. 31â34 (citing a letter dated March 17, 1874, from Petersburg, Illinois, and published in an article on "Lincoln's Religious Belief" in the
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When his son died, Lincoln reportedly said, "May God live in all. He was too good for this earth. The good Lord has called him home. I know that he is much better off in Heaven."
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Noll argues that Lincoln was turned against organized Christianity by his experiences as a young man witnessing how excessive emotion and bitter sectarian quarrels marked yearly
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and harmony of nature which all beheld, it would have been More miraculouis to have Come about by chance, than to have been created and arranged by some great thinking power.
1150:, in his 1909 biography wrote, "That he was a true and sincere Christian, in fact, if not in form, is fully proved by many extracts from his letters and public utterances."
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Following Lincoln's assassination, there were competing biographies, some claiming Lincoln had been a Christian and others that he had been a non-believer. In 1872, Colonel
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Noah Brooks, a newspaperman, and a friend and biographer of Lincoln's, in reply to Reed's inquiry if there was any truth to claims that Lincoln was an "infidel", stated:
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This transformation is reported by a considerable number of contemporaries, and a number of scholars agree, though there is less agreement on the nature of this change.
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Mary T. Lincoln to James Smith, June 8, 1870, in Robert J. Havlik, "Abraham Lincoln and the Reverend Dr. James Smith: Lincoln's Presbyterian experience of Springfield",
618:(1783â1843) labeled Lincoln as a deist. It has been reported that in 1834 Lincoln wrote a manuscript essay challenging orthodox Christianity and modeled on Paine's book
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2109:(Simon & Schuster, 2002), p. 134, writes, "Many have pointed to the death of Willie on February 20, 1862, as a critical moment in Lincoln's struggles with faith."
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Since his assassination the following month, Christian believers and secular freethinkers have tried to claim him as one of their own. But Lincoln was neither.
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Lincoln was often perplexed by the attacks on his character by way of his religious choices. In a letter written to Martin M. Morris in 1843, Lincoln wrote:
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In 1862 and 1863, during the most difficult days of the Civil War and his presidency, Lincoln's utterances were sometimes marked with spiritual overtones.
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D. James Kennedy in his booklet, "What They Believed: The Faith of Washington, Jefferson, and Lincoln" p. 59, Published by Coral Ridge Ministries, 2003
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states that "Lincoln never joined a church nor ever made a clear profession of standard Christian belief." Noll quotes Lincoln's friend Jesse Fell:
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prayer with Him who holds the fate of empires. When the clouds lifted above the carnage of Gettysburg, he gave his heart to the Lord Jesus Christ.
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The man who stood nearest to President Lincoln at Washingtonânearer than any clergyman or newspaper correspondentâwas his private secretary,
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The purpose and aim of was to show that Catholic teaching and Catholic influence early in Lincoln's life made for certain later attitudes.
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This concept continued to dominate Lincoln's public remarks for the rest of the war. The same theological allegory was to be prominent in
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738:"entirely too heavy for an ordinary mind to digest" but he read and was "interested ... greatly" in a book expounding on these ideas,
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Although Lincoln never made an unambiguous public profession of Christian belief, several people who knew him personally, such as
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In 1864, some former slaves in Maryland presented Lincoln with a gift of a Bible. According to one report, Lincoln replied:
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religion that Lincoln apparently embraced wholeheartedly throughout his life was the "doctrine of necessity", also known as
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Lincoln at Gettysburg: What He Intended to Say; What He Said; What he was Reported to have Said; What he Wished he had Said
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In September 1864, Lincoln, placing the Civil War squarely within a divine province, wrote in a letter to a member of the
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However, Mary Lincoln utterly denied these quotes, insisting that Herndon had "put those words in her mouth." She wrote,
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2119:(Harper & Row, 1977), p. 70, writes, "After Willie's death, he talked more frequently about God than he had before."
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at Chancellorsville sent Lincoln into a deep depression. "If there is a worse place than hell I am in it", Lincoln told
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as reported by Secretary of the Treasury, Salmon Portland Chase, September 22, 1862. Others present used the word
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2912:, Grand Rapids, Michigan: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1999, p. 447. Second edition published 2022.
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with him. Mr Herndon, had always been an utter stranger to me, he was not considered an habituĂŠ, at our house.
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1071:
829:
820:
812:
521:
2893:
1066:
3753:
3577:
3418:
1325:
1181:
1147:
668:
564:
402:
4050:
4008:
3984:
3841:
2004:
1469:
553:
3632:
2278:
2142:
2074:
2681:
2311:
3960:
3443:
1844:
1162:
never joined any church. He was a religious man always, I think, but was not a technical Christian."
912:
615:
492:
1422:
3978:
3954:
3546:
3527:
3503:
3258:
3074:
2794:
1979:
1193:
844:
783:
311:
887:
could not be answered; that of neither has been answered fully. The Almighty has His own purposes.
560:
influence on the young Lincoln which they attribute to his first school-teacher, Zachariah Riney.
4068:
4026:
4002:
3827:
3564:
3401:
3273:
3145:
3128:
3059:
2340:
1237:
1003:
944:
916:
848:
609:
585:
549:
545:
321:
208:
165:
3773:
950:
According to scholars, he may have drawn the expression from George Washington's hagiographer,
3948:
3901:
3881:
3834:
3733:
3540:
3521:
3162:
3108:
3064:
2621:
2534:
2384:
2231:
2164:
1930:
1924:
1903:
1823:
1770:
1730:
1626:
1607:
1601:
1580:
1508:
1449:
1443:
1154:
988:
644:
manuscript written and Paine was not a contributing factor in Lincoln's ideas about religion.
620:
525:
2949:
4020:
3791:
3314:
3123:
1498:
1214:
In a letter held by The Raab Collection dated February 4, 1866, William Herndon wrote that:
897:
726:
William Herndon, Lincoln's law partner, stated that Lincoln admired deists Thomas Paine and
180:
103:
17:
2364:(1908, House), p. 3387, the motto was adopted "doubtless with his knowledge and approval."
3728:
3438:
3389:
3212:
3177:
3042:
2989:
1249:
1207:
1084:
1054:
929:
836:
735:
557:
529:
496:
484:
370:
160:
52:
1006:, claimed that Lincoln had become a Christian in 1863 but provided no evidence. He said:
4090:
4083:
4044:
3990:
3943:
3935:
3808:
3721:
3554:
3331:
3157:
2025:
1107:
731:
597:
203:
77:
2166:
Memorial Record of the Nation's Tribute to Abraham Lincoln ... Compiled by B. F. Moore
911:
1863 was to be the year, however, in which the tide turned in favor of the Union. The
4132:
3996:
3748:
3103:
3079:
3047:
2257:
2112:
1760:
1177:
905:
901:
896:
In late 1862 and early 1863 Lincoln would endure more agonies. The defeat of General
852:
716:
625:
608:. It was almost always through these lenses that Lincoln assessed the meaning of the
474:
1679:
1547:
1401:
628:, with whom Lincoln boarded, reported in 1874 that the manuscript was "a defense of
4038:
3738:
3669:
3571:
3336:
3309:
3182:
3084:
951:
657:
589:
581:
504:
342:
819:
On Thursday, February 20, 1862, at 5:00 p.m., Lincoln's eleven-year-old son,
1897:
1811:
1764:
1724:
1502:
1394:
Steiner, Franklin (1936). "Abraham Lincoln, Deist, and Admirer of Thomas Paine".
869:
At the same time, Lincoln sat down in his office and penned the following words:
3972:
3615:
2071:"Behind the Scenes, or, Thirty years a Slave, and Four Years in the White House"
932:", to engrave on U.S. coins. Lincoln's involvement in this decision is unclear.
672:
601:
511:
928:
In December 1863, Lincoln's Secretary of the Treasury decided on a new motto, "
4032:
2045:
1271:
508:
2784:, ed. Justin G. Turner and Linda Leavitt Turner (New York: Knopf, 1972), 603.
2538:
2467:(Rutgers University Press, 1953), Roy P. Basler, editor. Volume, VII, p. 542.
2953:
1672:
1540:
1220:
1100:
992:
593:
568:
915:
in July 1863 was the first time that Lee was soundly defeated. Prompted by
1203:, affirmed the same: "He had no faith in the Christian sense of the term."
556:, in 1823 when Abraham was 14 years old. Some writers have detected early
2795:"Herndon's reply and more on the enmity between himself and Mary Lincoln"
727:
605:
2614:"Little Note, Long Remember: Lincoln and the Murk of Myth at Gettysburg"
2602:, by Paul F. Boller & John George (Oxford Univ. Press, 1989, p. 91).
1089:
Life of Abraham Lincoln; From his Birth to his Inauguration as President
1050:, April 21, 1865, and in 1907 issued in pamphlet form by John E. Burton.
862:
According to Salmon Chase, as he was preparing to issue the preliminary
771:
During his White House years, Lincoln and his family often attended the
4062:
2924:"Abraham Lincoln Bible surfaces, offers clues to his religious beliefs"
2262:
Diary of Gideon Welles, Secretary of the Navy Under Lincoln and Johnson
976:
753:
is God. In a written statement to Herndon, James W. Keyes said Lincoln
488:
995:
and that "there was no place he so much desired to see as Jerusalem."
1504:
Abraham Lincoln's Wilderness Years: Collected Works of J. Edward Murr
750:
987:
On the day Lincoln was assassinated, he reportedly told his wife at
843:
At the same time, the war was not going well for the Union. General
667:
There was the strangest combination of church influence against me.
1184:
in 1897, argued against claims of Lincoln's conversion in his book
2958:
1065:
808:
807:
782:
500:
465:
453:
445:
2618:
The Gettysburg Address: Perspectives on Lincoln's Greatest Speech
1899:
Lincoln and Darwin: Shared Visions of Race, Science, and Religion
972:
ever uttered such folly, and no sane man will ever believe it."
749:
Lincoln believed in God, but some said he doubted the idea that
499:. He frequently referred to God and had a deep knowledge of the
2962:
767:
ingenious one at least â and perhaps was Calculated to do good.
2527:"A New Lincoln Bible, From a Mantel to a Presidential Library"
1885:(Volume 1 ed.). Abraham Lincoln Association. p. 383.
1278:, New York and London: W. W. Norton and Company, 2010, p. 327.
1021:
country, I then and there consecrated myself to Christ. Yes,
656:
Noll writes, "At least early on, Lincoln was probably also a
462:. (Photo taken by one of Lincoln's law students around 1846.)
2708:"The Later Life and Religious Sentiments of Abraham Lincoln"
2650:"The Later Life and Religious Sentiments of Abraham Lincoln"
2182:"The Later Life and Religious Sentiments of Abraham Lincoln"
2046:"Seances In The White House? Lincoln & The Supernatural"
1367:"The Later Life and Religious Sentiments of Abraham Lincoln"
1343:"The Later Life and Religious Sentiments of Abraham Lincoln"
815:, who died in the White House during his father's presidency
734:, said Lincoln thought the works of authors like Darwin and
2301:(New York: Harcourt, Brace & Co., 1939), Vol. 1, 630.
2073:. New York: G. W. Carleton & Co. 1868. Archived from
1603:
A History of Christianity in the United States and Canada
1445:
A History of Christianity in the United States and Canada
1174:
Herndon's reply to these accusations was never answered.
851:
came about within months after Willie's death. Next came
2780:
Mary Todd Lincoln to John T. Stuart, December 15, 1873,
1188:(1906). He cites several of Lincoln's close associates:
1114:
while Lincoln was an attender, to Reed's question was:
660:
who believed in the eventual salvation of all people."
588:. As a young man, Lincoln enjoyed reading the works of
1566:"The Ambiguous Religion of President Abraham Lincoln"
1507:. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. p. 64.
1276:
The Fiery Trial: Abraham Lincoln and American Slavery
471:
2004 portrait painting of Lincoln serving in Congress
900:
at Fredericksburg followed by the defeat of General
787:
The first photographic image of Lincoln as president
696:
To the Voters of the Seventh Congressional District.
3934:
3782:
3594:
3512:
3462:
3375:
3290:
3226:
3023:
2312:"1863 Thanksgiving Proclamation by Abraham Lincoln"
4149:Religious views of presidents of the United States
2117:With Malice Toward None: A Life of Abraham Lincoln
1980:"James W. Keyes (statement for Willam H. Herndon)"
1902:. Southern Illinois University Press. p. 53.
1671:
1539:
1091:using interviews and correspondences collected by
2279:"Abraham Lincoln's Meditation on the Divine Will"
1497:Murr, J. Edward (2022). "Kentucky Childhood". In
998:Following Lincoln's assassination a memory book,
775:, where a plaque marks the family pew he rented.
2871:"'Pantheist' Lincoln would be unelectable today"
1322:Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society
1766:Herndon's Lincoln: A True Story of a Great Life
1641:"Abraham Lincoln and the Doctrine of Necessity"
884:
685:
679:In 1846, when Lincoln ran for Congress against
665:
649:
573:
2682:"Abraham Lincoln's White House Funeral Sermon"
1379:Noah Brooks to J. A. Reed, December 31, 1872.
491:family. He never joined any Church, and was a
2974:
1389:
1387:
1385:
427:
8:
2662:Noah Brooks to J.A. Reed, December 31, 1872
2026:"First Inaugural Address of Abraham Lincoln"
2413:(New York: Peter Smith, 1950), pp. 138-139.
1769:. New York: Cosimo, Inc. pp. 439â440.
458:Lincoln in his late 30s as a member of the
3779:
2981:
2967:
2959:
2098:Pulitzer prize historian David H. Donald,
1645:Journal of the Abraham Lincoln Association
1568:. Archived from the original on 2010-05-05
1336:
1334:
688:Handbill Replying to Charges of Infidelity
434:
420:
28:
2820:"Six Historic Americans: Abraham Lincoln"
2478:"Six Historic Americans: Abraham Lincoln"
1800:, The Primavera Press, Inc, NY. pp.51-53.
1290:"Abraham Lincoln's Religious Uncertainty"
3585:When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd
3494:1860 United States presidential election
2620:. Oxford University Press. p. 154.
2520:
2518:
2169:. W.H. & O.H. Morrison. p. 234.
1973:
1971:
1316:
1314:
762:Keyes also added that Lincoln once said
2782:Mary Todd Lincoln: Her Life and Letters
2163:Morris, Benjamin Franklin, ed. (1866).
1845:"The Puzzling Faith of Abraham Lincoln"
1723:Barton, William Eleazar (1920). "XII".
1559:
1557:
1264:
1029:This quote appeared on page one of the
939:In November 1863, Lincoln travelled to
495:as a young man and sometimes ridiculed
31:
3414:Lincoln Trail Homestead State Memorial
2500:
2465:The Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln
2451:The Washington Daily Morning Chronicle
1578:
1000:The Lincoln Memorial AlbumâImmortelles
647:William J. Johnson records a comment:
3454:Lincoln Log Cabin State Historic Site
3070:President Lincoln's 75,000 volunteers
2950:The Puzzling Faith of Abraham Lincoln
2894:Baker, Kevin, "The Model President,"
1629:Michael Anthony Lawrence - 2010 p. 69
1470:"Says Record Shows Lincoln A Baptist"
1448:. Wm. B. Eerdmans. pp. 321â322.
7:
3472:Republican National Convention, 1856
2139:"Mary Todd Lincoln and Clairvoyance"
1234:Lincoln: A Life of Purpose and Power
2910:Abraham Lincoln: Redeemer President
2086:Lincoln quoted by Elizabeth Keckley
1950:Christopher Hitchens (2009-01-09).
1397:Religious Beliefs of Our Presidents
1246:Abraham Lincoln: Redeemer President
1112:New York Avenue Presbyterian Church
773:New York Avenue Presbyterian Church
567:, which had no churches. Historian
135:16th President of the United States
3822:Abraham Lincoln: The Head of State
2598:See a discussion of this story in
2337:"NPS Source Book: Abraham Lincoln"
1982:. The University of Illinois Press
1882:Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln
1199:His lifelong friend and executor,
880:Lincoln's Second Inaugural Address
804:1862: Bereavement and Emancipation
721:Abraham Lincoln: The Prairie Years
25:
3702:Association of Lincoln Presenters
3141:13th Amendment abolishing slavery
1866:Complete Works of Abraham Lincoln
1798:Lincoln's First Years In Illinois
4110:
4099:
4098:
3680:Mount Rushmore Anniversary coins
3203:State of the Union Address, 1863
1678:. New York: Touchstone. p.
1606:. Wm. B. Eerdmans. p. 322.
1546:. New York: Touchstone. p.
407:
401:
36:
4111:
3665:Illinois Centennial half dollar
3606:Presidential Library and Museum
3282:Second inaugural address (1865)
2851:from the original on 2011-05-13
2826:from the original on 2010-02-10
2801:from the original on 2010-02-11
2688:from the original on 2010-02-19
2565:from the original on 2010-02-10
2318:from the original on 2010-01-23
2052:from the original on 2010-02-09
1868:. Kessinger Publishing Company.
1693:Nelson, Michael (Autumn 2003).
3769:Great Moments with Mr. Lincoln
3326:Hurd v. Rock Island Bridge Co.
3269:First inaugural address (1861)
3254:LincolnâDouglas debates (1858)
3004:President of the United States
2299:Abraham Lincoln: The War Years
2194:citing Noah Brooks article in
2124:Abraham Lincoln: The War Years
1796:Rufus Rockwell Wilson (1946).
1670:Donald, David Herbert (1995).
1538:Donald, David Herbert (1995).
1180:(1848â1919), President of the
487:grew up in a highly religious
1:
4144:Religious views by individual
3434:Cottage at the Soldier's Home
3407:Little Pigeon Creek Community
2380:Six Months at the White House
2227:Six Months at the White House
1813:Abraham Lincoln the Christian
1695:"Fighting for Lincoln's Soul"
1141:Six Months in the White House
855:'s impressive victory at the
479:U.S. House of Representatives
460:U.S. House of Representatives
4057:Robert Todd Lincoln Beckwith
3764:LincolnâKennedy coincidences
3759:Lincoln Trail State Memorial
3188:National Academy of Sciences
2869:Adams, Guy (17 April 2011).
2706:Reed, James A. (July 1873).
2648:Reed, James A. (July 1873).
2449:"Abraham Lincoln, quoted in
2180:Reed, James A. (July 1873).
1923:William H. Herndon (2008) .
1365:Reed, James A. (July 1873).
1341:Reed, James A. (July 1873).
1295:U.S. News & World Report
1077:George Peter Alexander Healy
1041:(1920), but further writes:
991:that he wanted to visit the
550:Little Pigeon Baptist Church
18:Abraham Lincoln and religion
3692:Abraham Lincoln Association
3424:Lincoln-Berry General Store
3352:Political career, 1849â1861
3259:Cooper Union Address (1860)
3249:House Divided speech (1858)
3151:Department of the Northwest
2922:Parke, Caleb (2019-06-20).
2755:Ward Hill (Colonel) Lamon,
2525:Baker, Peter (2019-06-19).
2001:"Mr. Lincoln's White House"
1810:William J. Johnson (1913).
1726:The Soul of Abraham Lincoln
1288:Gilgoff, Dan (2009-02-12).
1039:The Soul of Abraham Lincoln
730:. Herndon, an advocate of
109:Political career, 1849â1861
4165:
3109:Overland Campaign strategy
2738:. Graham Press. p. 29
2732:Abraham Lincoln's Religion
1627:Radicals in Their Own Time
1137:Francis Bicknell Carpenter
711:July 31, 1846. A. LINCOLN.
563:In 1831, Lincoln moved to
4078:
3979:Mary Todd "Mamie" Lincoln
3902:Parliament Square, London
3697:Abraham Lincoln Institute
3342:Medical and mental health
3274:Gettysburg Address (1863,
3193:Department of Agriculture
3099:Emancipation Proclamation
2996:
2616:. In Conant, Sean (ed.).
2107:Lincoln's Greatest Speech
1926:Herndon's Life of Lincoln
1879:Lincoln, Abraham (1953).
1864:Nicolay, John G. (2007).
1699:Virginia Quarterly Review
1639:Guelzo, Allen C. (1997).
1585:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1153:Quotations attributed to
864:Emancipation Proclamation
857:Second Battle of Bull Run
176:Emancipation Proclamation
3973:Thomas "Tad" Lincoln III
3815:Abraham Lincoln: The Man
3397:Lincoln Boyhood Memorial
3114:Hampton Roads Conference
2729:Peters, Madison (1909).
2612:Allen C. Guelzo (2015).
2587:Freeport Weekly Journal,
2559:"Lincoln Memorial Album"
1423:"Abraham Lincoln Online"
941:Gettysburg, Pennsylvania
354:Assassination and legacy
45:This article is part of
4047:(17th-century ancestor)
3967:William Wallace Lincoln
3449:Lincoln Pioneer Village
3264:Farewell Address (1861)
3173:Fanny McCullough letter
3104:West Virginia statehood
3094:Habeas Corpus suspended
2589:December 7, 1864, p. 1.
2583:Freeport Weekly Journal
1978:James W. Keyes (2008).
1355:Quoting Phineas Gurley.
1031:Freeport Weekly Journal
821:William Wallace Lincoln
779:First Inaugural Address
544:Lincoln's parents were
335:The Suicide's Soliloquy
114:LincolnâDouglas debates
3754:Lincoln Heritage Trail
3739:Lincoln Park (Chicago)
3638:Photographs of Lincoln
3578:O Captain! My Captain!
1843:Noll, Mark A. (1992).
1763:(2009-01-01) . "XIV".
1564:Noll, Mark A. (1992).
1225:
1186:Six Historic Americans
1182:American Secular Union
1172:
1148:Madison Clinton Peters
1130:
1121:
1080:
1052:
1027:
1013:
969:
926:
889:
876:
837:Bishop Matthew Simpson
816:
788:
769:
760:
713:
677:
654:
578:
519:Chaplain of the Senate
481:
463:
451:
215:Presidential elections
4053:(great-granddaughter)
4051:Mary Lincoln Beckwith
4009:Sarah Lincoln Grigsby
3985:Jessie Harlan Lincoln
3862:Hodgenville, Kentucky
3842:Emancipation Memorial
3300:Early life and career
3234:Lyceum address (1838)
3218:Judicial appointments
3163:National Banking Acts
3158:Homestead Act of 1862
2512:Guelzo (1999), p. 434
1952:"Hitchens on Lincoln"
1896:James Lander (2010).
1600:Mark A. Noll (1992).
1442:Mark A. Noll (1992).
1216:
1167:
1125:
1116:
1110:, pastor of the same
1069:
1043:
1033:on December 7, 1864.
1018:
1008:
964:
921:
871:
811:
786:
764:
755:
554:Lincoln City, Indiana
546:"Hard Shell" Baptists
469:
457:
449:
371:Historical reputation
73:Early life and career
3961:Edward Baker Lincoln
3887:Louisville, Kentucky
3623:Artifacts and relics
3487:National Union Party
3444:Lincoln Sitting Room
3244:"Lost Speech" (1856)
3239:Peoria speech (1854)
3075:War based income tax
2362:Congressional Record
2268:(September 1, 2000).
1194:Col. John G. Nicolay
1004:Rev. John H. Barrows
913:Battle of Gettysburg
742:Vestiges of Creation
652:atonement of Christ.
584:and the ministry of
477:, collection of the
4041:(great-grandfather)
3997:Nancy Hanks Lincoln
3955:Robert Todd Lincoln
3917:U.S. Capitol statue
3867:Indianapolis relief
3744:Lincoln Park (D.C.)
3643:Cultural depictions
3547:Sic semper tyrannis
3528:Our American Cousin
3419:Lincoln's New Salem
3320:Boat lifting patent
3055:Second inauguration
3010:U.S. Representative
2898:, February 19, 2006
2770:Religion of Lincoln
2455:. September 8, 1864
2409:William E. Barton,
1819:Springfield Journal
1757:Herndon, William H.
630:universal salvation
586:traveling preachers
266:State of the Union
251:Inaugural speeches
4027:Mary Lincoln Crume
4003:Sarah Bush Lincoln
3892:Newark, New Jersey
3829:Lincoln the Lawyer
3565:Lincoln catafalque
3504:1860 campaign song
3402:Lincoln State Park
3385:Lincoln Birthplace
3146:Dakota War of 1862
3038:First inauguration
2908:Guelzo, Allen C.,
2896:The New York Times
2712:Scribner's Monthly
2654:Scribner's Monthly
2600:They Never Said It
2531:The New York Times
2222:Carpenter, Frank B
2186:Scribner's Monthly
1822:of May 16, 1874).
1479:. October 31, 1921
1371:Scribner's Monthly
1347:Scribner's Monthly
1238:Richard Carwardine
1081:
977:Society of Friends
945:Gettysburg Address
917:Sarah Josepha Hale
908:in December 1862.
849:Peninsula Campaign
847:'s failure in the
817:
789:
636:William J. Herndon
482:
464:
452:
247:Speeches and works
166:American Civil War
4126:
4125:
3949:Mary Todd Lincoln
3930:
3929:
3912:U.S. Capitol bust
3877:Lincoln, Nebraska
3836:Young Abe Lincoln
3774:White House ghost
3734:Lincoln, Nebraska
3541:John Wilkes Booth
3080:Seaports blockade
3065:Confiscation Acts
2845:"Raab Collection"
2627:978-0-19-022745-6
2430:on April 13, 2004
2360:According to The
2266:Civil War History
2207:David H. Donald,
1499:Claybourn, Joshua
1201:Judge David Davis
700:FELLOW CITIZENS:
641:The Age of Reason
621:The Age of Reason
540:Before presidency
526:Mary Todd Lincoln
450:President Lincoln
444:
443:
348:McCullough letter
129:Electoral history
124:Views on religion
62:
61:
16:(Redirected from
4156:
4114:
4113:
4102:
4101:
4091:Andrew Johnson â
4084:â James Buchanan
4059:(great-grandson)
4021:Mordecai Lincoln
3872:Laramie, Wyoming
3792:Lincoln Memorial
3780:
3675:Five-dollar bill
3315:Spot Resolutions
3168:Thanksgiving Day
3124:Ten percent plan
3119:Tour of Richmond
2983:
2976:
2969:
2960:
2938:
2937:
2935:
2934:
2919:
2913:
2906:
2900:
2891:
2885:
2884:
2882:
2881:
2866:
2860:
2859:
2857:
2856:
2841:
2835:
2834:
2832:
2831:
2816:
2810:
2809:
2807:
2806:
2791:
2785:
2778:
2772:
2768:William Herndon
2766:
2760:
2753:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2743:
2737:
2726:
2720:
2719:
2703:
2697:
2696:
2694:
2693:
2678:
2672:
2669:
2663:
2661:
2645:
2639:
2638:
2636:
2634:
2609:
2603:
2596:
2590:
2580:
2574:
2573:
2571:
2570:
2555:
2549:
2548:
2546:
2545:
2522:
2513:
2510:
2504:
2498:
2492:
2491:
2489:
2488:
2474:
2468:
2463:
2461:
2460:
2445:
2439:
2438:
2436:
2435:
2426:. Archived from
2420:
2414:
2407:
2401:
2400:
2398:
2397:
2371:
2365:
2358:
2352:
2351:
2349:
2348:
2339:. Archived from
2333:
2327:
2326:
2324:
2323:
2308:
2302:
2295:
2289:
2288:
2286:
2285:
2275:
2269:
2247:
2245:
2244:
2218:
2212:
2205:
2199:
2196:Harper's Monthly
2193:
2177:
2171:
2170:
2160:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2150:
2141:. Archived from
2135:
2129:
2093:
2087:
2085:
2083:
2082:
2067:
2061:
2060:
2058:
2057:
2042:
2036:
2035:
2033:
2032:
2022:
2016:
2015:
2013:
2012:
2003:. Archived from
1997:
1991:
1990:
1988:
1987:
1975:
1966:
1965:
1963:
1962:
1947:
1941:
1940:
1920:
1914:
1913:
1893:
1887:
1886:
1876:
1870:
1869:
1861:
1855:
1854:
1852:
1851:
1840:
1834:
1833:
1807:
1801:
1794:
1788:
1787:
1785:
1783:
1753:
1747:
1746:
1744:
1743:
1720:
1714:
1713:
1711:
1710:
1701:. Archived from
1690:
1684:
1683:
1677:
1667:
1661:
1659:
1657:
1656:
1636:
1630:
1624:
1618:
1617:
1597:
1591:
1590:
1584:
1576:
1574:
1573:
1561:
1552:
1551:
1545:
1535:
1529:
1528:
1523:
1521:
1494:
1488:
1487:
1485:
1484:
1474:
1466:
1460:
1459:
1439:
1433:
1432:
1430:
1429:
1419:
1413:
1412:
1410:
1409:
1400:. Archived from
1391:
1380:
1378:
1362:
1356:
1354:
1338:
1329:
1318:
1309:
1308:
1303:
1302:
1285:
1279:
1269:
1206:His biographer,
1139:, the author of
967:portrayed in it.
898:Ambrose Burnside
892:1863: Gettysburg
845:George McClellan
681:Peter Cartwright
436:
429:
422:
411:
410:
405:
317:Farewell address
199:2nd inauguration
181:Ten percent plan
156:1st inauguration
119:Views on slavery
104:Spot Resolutions
58:
57:
55:
48:
40:
33:
32:
29:
21:
4164:
4163:
4159:
4158:
4157:
4155:
4154:
4153:
4139:Abraham Lincoln
4129:
4128:
4127:
4122:
4074:
4015:Abraham Lincoln
3987:(granddaughter)
3981:(granddaughter)
3926:
3922:Wabash, Indiana
3847:Brooklyn relief
3802:reflecting pool
3778:
3729:Lincoln Highway
3709:Abraham Lincoln
3596:
3590:
3508:
3458:
3439:Lincoln Bedroom
3390:Knob Creek Farm
3377:
3371:
3357:Religious views
3337:Lincoln's beard
3292:
3286:
3222:
3178:Birchard Letter
3043:Perpetual Union
3019:
2992:
2990:Abraham Lincoln
2987:
2946:
2941:
2932:
2930:
2921:
2920:
2916:
2907:
2903:
2892:
2888:
2879:
2877:
2875:The Independent
2868:
2867:
2863:
2854:
2852:
2847:. 5 June 1863.
2843:
2842:
2838:
2829:
2827:
2818:
2817:
2813:
2804:
2802:
2793:
2792:
2788:
2779:
2775:
2767:
2763:
2757:Life of Lincoln
2754:
2750:
2741:
2739:
2735:
2728:
2727:
2723:
2705:
2704:
2700:
2691:
2689:
2680:
2679:
2675:
2670:
2666:
2647:
2646:
2642:
2632:
2630:
2628:
2611:
2610:
2606:
2597:
2593:
2581:
2577:
2568:
2566:
2561:. p. 508.
2557:
2556:
2552:
2543:
2541:
2524:
2523:
2516:
2511:
2507:
2499:
2495:
2486:
2484:
2476:
2475:
2471:
2458:
2456:
2447:
2446:
2442:
2433:
2431:
2422:
2421:
2417:
2408:
2404:
2395:
2393:
2391:
2383:. p. 282.
2375:Carpenter, F.B.
2373:
2372:
2368:
2359:
2355:
2346:
2344:
2335:
2334:
2330:
2321:
2319:
2310:
2309:
2305:
2297:Carl Sandburg,
2296:
2292:
2283:
2281:
2277:
2276:
2272:
2242:
2240:
2238:
2220:
2219:
2215:
2206:
2202:
2179:
2178:
2174:
2162:
2161:
2157:
2148:
2146:
2137:
2136:
2132:
2094:
2090:
2080:
2078:
2069:
2068:
2064:
2055:
2053:
2044:
2043:
2039:
2030:
2028:
2024:
2023:
2019:
2010:
2008:
1999:
1998:
1994:
1985:
1983:
1977:
1976:
1969:
1960:
1958:
1956:The Daily Beast
1949:
1948:
1944:
1937:
1929:. p. 354.
1922:
1921:
1917:
1910:
1895:
1894:
1890:
1878:
1877:
1873:
1863:
1862:
1858:
1849:
1847:
1842:
1841:
1837:
1830:
1809:
1808:
1804:
1795:
1791:
1781:
1779:
1777:
1755:
1754:
1750:
1741:
1739:
1737:
1729:. p. 150.
1722:
1721:
1717:
1708:
1706:
1692:
1691:
1687:
1669:
1668:
1664:
1654:
1652:
1638:
1637:
1633:
1625:
1621:
1614:
1599:
1598:
1594:
1577:
1571:
1569:
1563:
1562:
1555:
1537:
1536:
1532:
1519:
1517:
1515:
1496:
1495:
1491:
1482:
1480:
1472:
1468:
1467:
1463:
1456:
1441:
1440:
1436:
1427:
1425:
1421:
1420:
1416:
1407:
1405:
1393:
1392:
1383:
1364:
1363:
1359:
1340:
1339:
1332:
1324:(Autumn, 1999)
1319:
1312:
1300:
1298:
1287:
1286:
1282:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1250:Allen C. Guelzo
1230:
1093:William Herndon
1085:Ward Hill Lamon
1064:
1055:Allen C. Guelzo
1023:I do love Jesus
1016:then answered:
985:
960:
930:In God We Trust
894:
882:in March 1865:
806:
798:
781:
542:
534:William Herndon
530:Ward Hill Lamon
507:believer nor a
485:Abraham Lincoln
440:
408:
406:
399:
355:
352:
248:
245:
216:
213:
195:
192:
161:Hannibal Hamlin
147:
144:
136:
133:
100:
97:
69:
54:Abraham Lincoln
53:
51:
50:
49:
46:
44:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4162:
4160:
4152:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4131:
4130:
4124:
4123:
4121:
4120:
4108:
4095:
4094:
4087:
4079:
4076:
4075:
4073:
4072:
4066:
4060:
4054:
4048:
4045:Samuel Lincoln
4042:
4036:
4030:
4024:
4018:
4012:
4006:
4000:
3994:
3991:Thomas Lincoln
3988:
3982:
3976:
3970:
3964:
3958:
3952:
3946:
3940:
3938:
3932:
3931:
3928:
3927:
3925:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3857:D.C. City Hall
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3832:
3825:
3818:
3811:
3809:Mount Rushmore
3806:
3805:
3804:
3799:
3788:
3786:
3777:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3722:Here I Grew Up
3718:
3713:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3687:Postage stamps
3684:
3683:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3657:
3656:
3655:
3650:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3619:
3618:
3608:
3602:
3600:
3592:
3591:
3589:
3588:
3581:
3574:
3569:
3568:
3567:
3557:
3555:Petersen House
3552:
3551:
3550:
3538:
3537:
3536:
3524:
3522:Ford's Theater
3518:
3516:
3510:
3509:
3507:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3490:
3489:
3479:
3474:
3468:
3466:
3460:
3459:
3457:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3410:
3409:
3404:
3394:
3393:
3392:
3381:
3379:
3373:
3372:
3370:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3332:Baltimore Plot
3329:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3305:Black Hawk War
3302:
3296:
3294:
3288:
3287:
3285:
3284:
3279:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3230:
3228:
3224:
3223:
3221:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3154:
3153:
3143:
3138:
3136:Foreign policy
3133:
3132:
3131:
3129:Reconstruction
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3057:
3052:
3051:
3050:
3045:
3035:
3029:
3027:
3021:
3020:
3018:
3017:
3007:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2988:
2986:
2985:
2978:
2971:
2963:
2957:
2956:
2945:
2944:External links
2942:
2940:
2939:
2914:
2901:
2886:
2861:
2836:
2811:
2786:
2773:
2761:
2748:
2721:
2698:
2673:
2664:
2640:
2626:
2604:
2591:
2575:
2550:
2514:
2505:
2503:, pp. 514â515.
2493:
2469:
2440:
2415:
2402:
2389:
2366:
2353:
2328:
2303:
2290:
2270:
2236:
2230:. p. 90.
2213:
2200:
2172:
2155:
2130:
2128:
2127:
2120:
2110:
2105:Ronald White,
2103:
2088:
2062:
2037:
2017:
1992:
1967:
1942:
1935:
1915:
1908:
1888:
1871:
1856:
1835:
1828:
1802:
1789:
1775:
1761:Weik, Jesse W.
1748:
1735:
1715:
1685:
1662:
1631:
1619:
1612:
1592:
1553:
1530:
1513:
1489:
1477:New York Times
1461:
1454:
1434:
1414:
1381:
1357:
1330:
1310:
1280:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1229:
1226:
1212:
1211:
1204:
1197:
1108:Phineas Gurley
1087:published his
1075:, painting by
1063:
1060:
989:Ford's Theatre
984:
981:
959:
956:
893:
890:
813:Willie Lincoln
805:
802:
797:
794:
780:
777:
692:July 31, 1846
598:predestination
548:, joining the
541:
538:
522:Phineas Gurley
442:
441:
439:
438:
431:
424:
416:
413:
412:
400:
398:
397:
391:
390:
384:
383:
378:
373:
367:
366:
361:
353:
351:
350:
345:
340:
339:
338:
325:
324:
319:
314:
309:
304:
299:
294:
289:
288:
287:
282:
277:
272:
264:
263:
262:
257:
246:
244:
243:
242:
241:
230:
229:
228:
227:
214:
212:
211:
209:Reconstruction
206:
204:Andrew Johnson
201:
193:
191:
190:
189:
188:
186:13th Amendment
183:
178:
173:
163:
158:
153:
145:
143:
142:
134:
132:
131:
126:
121:
116:
111:
106:
98:
96:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
67:
64:
63:
60:
59:
47:a series about
43:
41:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4161:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4136:
4134:
4119:
4118:
4109:
4107:
4106:
4097:
4096:
4093:
4092:
4088:
4086:
4085:
4081:
4080:
4077:
4070:
4067:
4064:
4061:
4058:
4055:
4052:
4049:
4046:
4043:
4040:
4037:
4034:
4031:
4028:
4025:
4022:
4019:
4017:(grandfather)
4016:
4013:
4010:
4007:
4004:
4001:
3998:
3995:
3992:
3989:
3986:
3983:
3980:
3977:
3974:
3971:
3968:
3965:
3962:
3959:
3956:
3953:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3941:
3939:
3937:
3933:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3897:New York City
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3837:
3833:
3831:
3830:
3826:
3824:
3823:
3819:
3817:
3816:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3794:
3793:
3790:
3789:
3787:
3785:
3781:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3749:Lincoln Prize
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3724:
3723:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3710:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3670:Lincoln penny
3668:
3666:
3663:
3662:
3661:
3658:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3645:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3617:
3614:
3613:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3603:
3601:
3599:
3593:
3586:
3582:
3579:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3566:
3563:
3562:
3561:
3560:State funeral
3558:
3556:
3553:
3548:
3544:
3543:
3542:
3539:
3535:
3532:
3531:
3530:
3529:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3519:
3517:
3515:
3514:Assassination
3511:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3488:
3485:
3484:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3469:
3467:
3465:
3461:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3399:
3398:
3395:
3391:
3388:
3387:
3386:
3383:
3382:
3380:
3374:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3327:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3297:
3295:
3289:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3231:
3229:
3225:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3152:
3149:
3148:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3088:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3062:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3049:
3048:Lincoln Bible
3046:
3044:
3041:
3040:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3030:
3028:
3026:
3022:
3015:
3011:
3008:
3005:
3002:
2999:
2998:
2995:
2991:
2984:
2979:
2977:
2972:
2970:
2965:
2964:
2961:
2955:
2951:
2948:
2947:
2943:
2929:
2925:
2918:
2915:
2911:
2905:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2890:
2887:
2876:
2872:
2865:
2862:
2850:
2846:
2840:
2837:
2825:
2821:
2815:
2812:
2800:
2796:
2790:
2787:
2783:
2777:
2774:
2771:
2765:
2762:
2758:
2752:
2749:
2734:
2733:
2725:
2722:
2717:
2713:
2709:
2702:
2699:
2687:
2683:
2677:
2674:
2668:
2665:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2644:
2641:
2629:
2623:
2619:
2615:
2608:
2605:
2601:
2595:
2592:
2588:
2584:
2579:
2576:
2564:
2560:
2554:
2551:
2540:
2536:
2532:
2528:
2521:
2519:
2515:
2509:
2506:
2502:
2501:Donald (1996)
2497:
2494:
2483:
2479:
2473:
2470:
2466:
2454:
2452:
2444:
2441:
2429:
2425:
2419:
2416:
2412:
2406:
2403:
2392:
2390:9781429015271
2386:
2382:
2381:
2376:
2370:
2367:
2363:
2357:
2354:
2343:on 2012-10-22
2342:
2338:
2332:
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4039:Joseph Hanks
4005:(stepmother)
3907:Philadelphia
3835:
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3708:
3628:Bibliography
3572:Lincoln Tomb
3526:
3429:Lincoln Home
3356:
3324:
3310:Matson Trial
3183:Bixby letter
3086:
2931:. Retrieved
2927:
2917:
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2895:
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2878:. Retrieved
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2567:. Retrieved
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2485:. Retrieved
2482:infidels.org
2481:
2472:
2464:
2457:. Retrieved
2450:
2443:
2432:. Retrieved
2428:the original
2418:
2410:
2405:
2394:. Retrieved
2379:
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2345:. Retrieved
2341:the original
2331:
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2143:the original
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2075:the original
2065:
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2040:
2029:. Retrieved
2020:
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2005:the original
1995:
1984:. Retrieved
1959:. Retrieved
1955:
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1703:the original
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1503:
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1417:
1406:. Retrieved
1402:the original
1396:
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1321:
1305:
1299:. Retrieved
1293:
1283:
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1248:, historian
1245:
1243:
1233:
1231:
1228:Modern views
1217:
1213:
1185:
1176:
1173:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1155:Mrs. Lincoln
1152:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1131:
1126:
1122:
1117:
1105:
1097:
1088:
1082:
1070:
1062:Posthumously
1053:
1048:Northwestern
1047:
1044:
1038:
1035:
1030:
1028:
1022:
1019:
1014:
1009:
999:
997:
986:
974:
970:
965:
961:
952:Parson Weems
949:
938:
934:
927:
922:
910:
895:
885:
877:
872:
868:
861:
842:
834:
830:Spiritualism
828:
825:
818:
799:
790:
770:
765:
761:
756:
748:
741:
725:
720:
719:recounts in
714:
710:
706:
702:
699:
695:
694:
691:
687:
686:
678:
666:
662:
658:Universalist
655:
650:
646:
640:
634:
619:
614:
590:Thomas Paine
579:
574:
562:
543:
516:
483:
388:Bibliography
343:Bixby letter
312:Cooper Union
123:
26:
3944:Family tree
3882:Los Angeles
3616:Lincoln/Net
3016:(1847â1849)
3006:(1861â1865)
2952:- essay by
2633:22 November
2424:"Under God"
2252:instead of
2198:, July 1865
1272:Foner, Eric
673:Campbellite
616:James Adams
602:determinism
512:freethinker
497:revivalists
302:Lost Speech
194:Second term
4133:Categories
4033:John Hanks
3852:Cincinnati
3595:Legacy and
3378:and places
3033:Transition
3025:Presidency
2933:2019-06-22
2880:2012-06-05
2855:2011-04-27
2830:2010-02-20
2805:2010-02-20
2742:2010-02-20
2692:2010-02-20
2569:2010-02-20
2544:2019-06-21
2487:2020-11-27
2459:2010-02-20
2434:2010-02-20
2396:2010-02-20
2347:2010-02-20
2322:2010-02-20
2284:2010-02-20
2254:vow to God
2250:resolution
2243:2010-02-20
2149:2010-02-20
2122:Sandburg,
2081:2010-02-20
2056:2010-02-20
2031:2012-07-28
2011:2010-02-20
1986:2023-09-26
1961:2012-06-18
1850:2013-06-23
1742:2010-02-20
1709:2010-02-20
1655:2010-02-20
1572:2010-04-11
1483:2010-02-20
1428:2010-05-31
1408:2010-05-31
1301:2019-07-13
381:Depictions
322:Gettysburg
239:Convention
225:Convention
151:Transition
146:First term
140:Presidency
3598:memorials
3464:Elections
3362:Sexuality
3293:and views
3060:Civil War
2954:Mark Noll
2718:(3): 340.
2660:(3): 340.
2539:0362-4331
2192:(3): 340.
1782:9 October
1520:9 October
1377:(3): 340.
1353:(3): 339.
1221:Pantheist
1101:Holy Land
993:Holy Land
796:Civil War
610:Civil War
594:Calvinist
569:Mark Noll
565:New Salem
505:Christian
376:Memorials
171:The Union
99:Political
88:Sexuality
4105:Category
4035:(cousin)
4011:(sister)
3999:(mother)
3993:(father)
3660:Currency
3633:Birthday
3227:Speeches
2928:Fox News
2849:Archived
2824:Archived
2799:Archived
2686:Archived
2563:Archived
2377:(1866).
2316:Archived
2224:(1866).
2050:Archived
1660:29 pars.
1581:cite web
1236:(2006),
728:Voltaire
606:fatalism
558:Catholic
68:Personal
4117:Outline
4065:(horse)
4063:Old Bob
4023:(uncle)
3784:Statues
3367:Slavery
3213:Cabinet
3198:Pardons
2209:Lincoln
2100:Lincoln
1674:Lincoln
1542:Lincoln
1501:(ed.).
1079:in 1869
1072:Lincoln
736:Spencer
509:secular
493:skeptic
489:Baptist
4029:(aunt)
3951:(wife)
3936:Family
3797:statue
3725:mosaic
3711:(1960,
3611:Papers
3347:Poetry
3277:event)
3089:Affair
2759:p. 489
2624:
2537:
2387:
2234:
1933:
1906:
1826:
1773:
1733:
1610:
1511:
1452:
1326:online
751:Christ
732:Darwin
329:Poetry
297:Peoria
292:Lyceum
260:Second
93:Patent
83:Health
78:Family
4071:(dog)
3975:(son)
3969:(son)
3963:(son)
3957:(son)
3716:1988)
3648:films
3534:opera
3376:Homes
3087:Trent
2736:(PDF)
1473:(PDF)
1260:Notes
1146:Rev.
835:When
671:is a
669:Baker
604:, or
552:near
501:Bible
255:First
4069:Fido
3707:USS
3499:1864
3482:1864
3477:1860
3291:Life
3208:1864
3085:RMS
3014:ILâ7
3012:for
3001:16th
2635:2019
2622:ISBN
2535:ISSN
2385:ISBN
2232:ISBN
1931:ISBN
1904:ISBN
1824:ISBN
1784:2022
1771:ISBN
1731:ISBN
1608:ISBN
1587:link
1522:2022
1509:ISBN
1450:ISBN
983:1865
958:1864
532:and
524:and
285:1864
280:1863
275:1862
270:1861
234:1864
220:1860
3653:Art
1651:(1)
1244:In
1232:In
715:As
632:".
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