616:
661:
586:
631:
646:
52:
221:
514:
31:
372:, are light brown and curved, 5–10 cm long and 5-10mm wide, constricted between the seeds and breaking easily into one-seeded segments. The stalk of the seed pod is orange to red. The seeds appear black and oval shaped, up to 3.5x3.5mm in size, situated longitudinal within the seed pod.
350:, appearing like leaves, are light to blue green, usually linear-oblong, slightly curved, 3–10 cm long and 4-10mm wide, thick and hairless, and wrinkled during dry periods. They have a prominent yellowish mid-vein, lateral veins not apparent. The tip of the phyllode is obtuse with a
342:
grows as an erect or spreading shrub, 2 to 4 metres tall and 3 metres across, sometimes dome-shaped, often branching from the ground. The bark is often grooved at the base, but is otherwise smooth. Its branchlets are angular with yellowish ribs, often with hair.
574:) for trading. Gum produced by this species was used for consumption, and the seeds were roasted and ground to make damper. Leaves and bark were used for medicinal purposes, to treat colds, chest infections, and general illnesses.
889:
Rotherham, E. R., Briggs, B. G., Blaxell, D. F., & Carolin, R. C. (1975). Australian Flora in colour – Flowers and plants of New South Wales and southern
Queensland. Sydney, Australia: A. H. & A. W. Reed Pty Ltd. p.
1034:
660:
585:
615:
997:
Keith, D. (2004). Ocean shores to desert dunes – The native vegetation of New South Wales and the ACT. Hurstville NSW: Department of
Environment and Conservation (NSW). pp. 294-295.
1032:
928:
The Royal
Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust. PlantNET - The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Sydney, Australia. Retrieved June 2012
630:
645:
1525:
761:
Cunningham, G. M., Mulham, W. E., Milthorpe, P. L., & Leigh, J. H. (1992). Plants of western New South Wales. Melbourne & Sydney, Australia: Inkata Press. p. 365.
457:
grows in dense shrub communities on sand dunes, otherwise singly scattered. Fast-growing, it stabilises sand dunes and regenerates quickly after disturbance, such as
1301:
956:
Baumer, M., (1983). EMASAR phase II. Notes on trees and shrubs in arid and semi-arid regions. Rome: Food and
Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. p. 20.
1340:
1022:
Read, J. L., Kovac, K-J., & Fatchen, T. J., (2002), ‘Biohyets’: A holistic method for demonstrating the extent and severity of environmental impacts. p. 7.
527:
flowers during May to
November, depending on the region, odd flowers occurring throughout the year. Seeds are produced between November and January. They have
303:
Common names include sandhill wattle, umbrella bush, marpoo, dune wattle, small coobah, wirra, and watarrka. The latter name (pronounced what-ARR-kah) is the
1099:
Palombo, E. W., & Semple, S. J., (2001). Antibacterial activity of traditional
Australian medicinal plants. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 77, p. 153.
1495:
1249:
558:
and erosion control, also in areas with salinity or alkaline conditions. It can be grown from cuttings and has been used as emergency stock fodder.
816:
1314:
1262:
942:
Greig, D. (2002). A photographic guide to wildflowers of outback
Australia. Sydney, Australia: New Holland Publishers (Australia) Pty Ltd. p. 71.
1405:
1515:
1058:
Western
Australian Herbarium (1998). FloraBase—the Western Australian Flora. Department of Environment and Conservation. Retrieved June 2012
1049:
Auld, T. D. (1995). The impact of herbivores on regeneration in four trees from arid
Australia. The Rangeland Journal, 17(2), pp. 213-227.
1202:
1510:
1197:
1358:
1505:
1490:
929:
320:
428:. This area of north-west New South Wales, the Sand Plain Mulga Shrublands, supports an open cover of shrubs and tussock grasses.
248:, a dense shrub widespread in all states of mainland Australia. It is not considered rare or endangered. Its common names include
464:
It is found in the hottest and driest climates of
Australia with rainfall of less than 200mm and survives light frost. It is an
1288:
777:
Moore, P. (2005). A guide to plants of inland Australia. Sydney, Australia: New Holland Publishers (Australia) Pty Ltd. p. 331.
443:
1444:
229:
1319:
1011:
354:, a small hard point, pointing downward. Two to four glands are found below the centre of the phyllode and near the mucro.
1485:
875:
Harden, G. J.. (2002). Flora of New South Wales.Vol.2. Sydney, Australia: University of New South Wale Press Ltd. p. 450.
1500:
473:
1158:
207:
787:
1449:
1418:
1345:
439:
51:
1423:
1031:
Government of South Australia, Department of Environment and Natural Resources. eFloraSA. Retrieved June 2012
731:
Simmons, M. H. (1988). Acacias of Australia, vol. 2. Ringwood, Australia: Penguin Books Australia Ltd. p. 166.
391:, differing by its rigid branches, undivided crown, and seed pod characteristics. Earlier literature mentions
543:). Ants can transport the seeds up to 180m and disperse it within an area of 3000 m around their nest.
1111:
680:
561:
324:
308:
191:
1267:
1210:
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1410:
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1236:
1189:
965:
566:
328:
46:
842:
1332:
1306:
357:
Yellow to orange globular flower heads of 5-6mm diameter, singular or 2 to 5 in short axillary
1379:
1171:
362:
981:
1384:
304:
145:
220:
1520:
1038:
606:
594:
316:
89:
703:
1392:
480:
211:
76:
1397:
513:
30:
1479:
1327:
1059:
435:
421:
1462:
555:
540:
1176:
1163:
1275:
1143:
458:
158:
602:
564:
have used the plant by mixing its ashes with the dried and powdered leaves of
532:
502:
465:
1134:
914:
of southeast Australia. Kenthurst, Australia: Kangaroo Press Pty Ltd. p. 136.
1371:
1223:
536:
528:
498:
414:
in Australia, common to central and southern Australia, mostly south of the
1436:
1069:
Davidson, D. W. & Morton, S. R., (1984). Dispersal Adaptations of Some
351:
296:, referring to sharp thorns. The shape of the phyllodes named the species
1431:
1353:
1128:
469:
434:
is found on sand dunes, on the fringes of salt lakes, on floodplains, in
347:
135:
102:
531:
with fleshy appendages indicating dispersal by birds, including the red
1366:
1254:
1184:
494:
369:
358:
312:
125:
1280:
571:
490:
244:
168:
115:
1105:
468:
species in sand plain mulga shrublands and was used in an emissions
1073:
Species in the Australian Arid Zone. Ecology, 65(4). pp. 1038-1051.
365:
4-10mm long. Each flower head consists of about 20 minute flowers.
1293:
1228:
512:
63:
426:‘stupendous and almost insurmountable sand-ridges of a fiery red’
554:
is used as a hedge and windbreak, to stabilise sandy areas, for
395:
as a synonym, other literature places the species in the family
1215:
1109:
461:. It is known for potential weediness due to rapid regrowth.
654:
showing phyllodes with mucros, Sturt NP near Tibooburra NSW
505:
grazing on the seedlings can severely limit regeneration.
669:
broken segment of seed pod, Sturt NP near Tibooburra NSW
387:
group of 12 species. Previously considered a variety of
300:, meaning strap-like or with a small tongue in Latin.
1118:
1082:Whitney, K. D., (2002). Dispersal for distance?
704:Allan, R., Woodgroup SA Inc. Retrieved June 2012
307:word for the species, and gives its name to the
624:habit with person, Sturt NP near Tibooburra NSW
757:
8:
1007:
1005:
1003:
977:
975:
973:
788:"Kings Canyon Watarrka - Better than Uluru?"
755:
753:
751:
749:
747:
745:
743:
741:
739:
737:
924:
922:
920:
885:
883:
881:
1106:
219:
29:
20:
1526:Taxa named by Allan Cunningham (botanist)
952:
950:
948:
727:
725:
723:
721:
719:
717:
715:
713:
711:
501:and livestock use the plants as shelter.
483:and food for the larvae of the butterfly
410:is one of the most widespread species of
993:
991:
989:
938:
936:
871:
869:
867:
865:
863:
570:to prepare a stimulant chewing mixture (
906:
904:
902:
900:
898:
896:
811:
809:
773:
771:
769:
767:
696:
581:
982:World Wide Wattle. Retrieved June 2012
966:World Wide Wattle. Retrieved June 2012
639:flowers, Sturt NP near Tibooburra NSW
7:
1450:63a7cef2-7cb3-4a76-856e-9d06992ba45c
497:around the lower part of the plant.
1090:. Austral Ecology, 27. pp. 589-595.
14:
1424:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:470760-1
821:Central Art Aboriginal Art Store
659:
644:
629:
614:
584:
50:
1496:Flora of the Northern Territory
1012:Florabank. Retrieved June 2012
442:communities, in woodlands, in
1:
489:. The phyllodes are eaten by
1516:Acacias of Western Australia
361:, sit on sparsely pubescent
1542:
847:Discover Central Australia
509:Reproduction and dispersal
292:is derived from the Greek
1511:Flora of Victoria (state)
227:
218:
197:
190:
47:Scientific classification
45:
37:
28:
23:
1506:Flora of South Australia
1491:Flora of New South Wales
792:Travel Outback Australia
493:and often defoliated by
403:Distribution and habitat
1088:Iridomyrmex viridiaeneu
843:"Kings Canyon Tourism"
562:Indigenous Australians
521:
479:Its roots are host to
325:Watarrka National Park
516:
228:Occurrence data from
1486:Fabales of Australia
1086:seeds and meat ants
284:Etymology and naming
1501:Flora of Queensland
599:Sturt National Park
486:Nacaduba biocellata
424:called the habitat
416:Tropic of Capricorn
1037:2011-04-06 at the
567:Duboisia hopwoodii
522:
329:Northern Territory
1473:
1472:
1380:Open Tree of Life
1112:Taxon identifiers
910:Tame, T. (1992).
794:. 27 January 2022
323:, as well as the
235:
234:
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1466:
1465:
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648:
633:
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588:
242:is a species of
223:
203:
183:A. ligulata
146:Caesalpinioideae
55:
54:
33:
24:Umbrella wattle
21:
16:Species of plant
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1365:
1359:Acacia~ligulata
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1242:Acacia ligulata
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1209:
1203:Acacia_ligulata
1201:
1196:
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1157:
1150:Acacia ligulata
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1147:
1142:
1133:
1132:
1127:
1120:Acacia ligulata
1114:
1104:
1103:
1098:
1094:
1084:Acacia ligulata
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1077:
1068:
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1057:
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1044:
1039:Wayback Machine
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607:New South Wales
589:
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549:
511:
452:
418:in arid areas.
405:
393:A. williamsonii
383:belongs to the
378:
368:The seed pods,
340:Acacia ligulata
337:
286:
250:sandhill wattle
239:Acacia ligulata
214:
205:
201:Acacia ligulata
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17:
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1463:wfo-0000201494
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481:witchetty grub
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159:Mimosoid clade
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446:communities.
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422:Charles Sturt
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254:umbrella bush
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27:
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1095:
1087:
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911:
850:. Retrieved
846:
837:
825:. Retrieved
820:
796:. Retrieved
791:
782:
699:
682:
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651:
636:
621:
591:
565:
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556:revegetation
551:
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541:myrmecochory
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339:
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321:Kings Canyon
302:
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277:
276:(also spelt
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266:small coobah
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182:
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109:
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83:
70:
38:
18:
1276:iNaturalist
1144:Wikispecies
667:A. ligulata
652:A. ligulata
637:A. ligulata
622:A. ligulata
592:A. ligulata
552:A. ligulata
525:A. ligulata
518:A. ligulata
474:Olympic Dam
459:overgrazing
455:A. ligulata
432:A. ligulata
408:A. ligulata
389:A. salicina
385:A. bivenosa
381:A. ligulata
335:Description
319:) name for
262:dune wattle
142:Subfamily:
90:Angiosperms
39:A. ligulata
1480:Categories
1393:Plant List
817:"Watarrka"
691:References
603:Tibooburra
533:wattlebird
503:Herbivores
466:indicative
397:Mimosaceae
309:Aboriginal
288:The genus
1398:ild-47889
1333:146625868
529:diaspores
499:Kangaroos
363:peduncles
348:phyllodes
327:, in the
177:Species:
60:Kingdom:
1445:VicFlora
1437:13024168
1432:Tropicos
1354:NSWFlora
1307:10660776
1294:470760-1
1198:eFloraSA
1129:Wikidata
1035:Archived
852:10 April
827:10 April
798:10 April
681:List of
675:See also
470:bioassay
440:bluebush
376:Taxonomy
317:Arrernte
298:ligulata
274:watarrka
136:Fabaceae
132:Family:
103:Eudicots
41:flowers
1367:NTFlora
1255:2981177
1185:Ecocrop
1135:Q978642
912:Acacias
685:species
578:Gallery
495:rabbits
450:Ecology
370:legumes
359:racemes
313:Luritja
305:Luritja
278:watarka
208:A.Cunn.
165:Genus:
126:Fabales
122:Order:
64:Plantae
1521:Acacia
1406:PLANTS
1385:633803
1346:138025
1320:507469
1281:243733
1216:655496
1071:Acacia
683:Acacia
572:pituri
535:, and
491:cattle
444:mallee
412:Acacia
294:akakia
290:Acacia
272:, and
258:marpoo
245:Acacia
212:Benth.
170:Acacia
116:Rosids
1411:ACLI8
1302:IRMNG
1237:FoAO2
1229:ACALG
1164:65732
609:(NSW)
601:near
595:habit
520:seeds
436:mulga
352:mucro
270:wirra
153:Clade
110:Clade
97:Clade
84:Clade
71:Clade
1419:POWO
1372:3480
1341:NCBI
1328:IUCN
1315:ITIS
1289:IPNI
1263:GRIN
1250:GBIF
1224:EPPO
1190:2647
1177:8PK8
1159:APNI
890:150.
854:2023
829:2023
800:2023
547:Uses
537:ants
438:and
346:The
315:and
280:).
1458:WFO
1268:907
1211:EoL
1172:CoL
472:at
230:AVH
210:ex
1482::
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1002:^
988:^
972:^
947:^
935:^
919:^
895:^
880:^
862:^
845:.
819:.
808:^
790:.
766:^
736:^
710:^
605:,
597:,
476:.
399:.
331:.
268:,
264:,
260:,
256:,
252:,
155::
112::
99::
86::
73::
856:.
831:.
802:.
539:(
311:(
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