870:
847:
392:
44:
214:
310:
31:
349:
A natural colonizer, Coojong tends to grow wherever soil has been disturbed, such as alongside new roads. Its seeds are distributed by ants, which store them in their nests to eat the seed-stalks. Disturbance of the soil brings them to the surface and allows them to germinate. Seeds germinate
452:
Since 2019, the species is included on the list of invasive alien species of Union
Concern. This means that the species can no longer be imported in the European Union. Additionally, it has become illegal to plant it, breed it, transport it, or bring it into the wild.
345:
insects. The yellow flowers appear in late winter and early spring, in groups of up to ten bright yellow spherical flower heads. The fruit is a legume, while the seed is oblong and dark to black in colour.
638:
863:
938:
350:
readily, and hundreds of seedlings can sometimes be found beneath a single parent tree. It is also extremely vigorous when young, often growing over a metre per year.
1641:
819:
10 Kheloufi A., Mansouri L.M., Boukhatem Z.F. (2017). Application and use of sulfuric acid to improve seed germination of three acacia species, Reforesta, 3:1-10.
1489:
1339:
840:
717:
1733:
1602:
1209:
1615:
1287:
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species) was introduced in 2001 and has now (in 2007) reached the stage where there are sufficient numbers available to begin its distribution.
1450:
1375:
1178:
1723:
907:
770:
618:
462:
1100:
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of South Africa, where it has displaced native species through changing fire regimes. The introduction of the acacia gall rust fungus, (
286:
1134:
1095:
691:
361:
can be used for multiple purposes, as it grows under a wide range of soil conditions into a woody shrub or tree. It has been used for
285:. Native to Australia, it is widely distributed throughout the south west corner of Western Australia, extending north as far as the
1738:
1357:
574:
683:
1222:
290:
965:
1628:
1261:
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1429:
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grows as a small, dense, spreading tree with a short trunk and a weeping habit. It grows up to eight metres tall. Like many
1728:
1326:
467:
In South Africa, it proliferated at an uncontrollable rate, having been introduced in the nineteenth century to produce
1589:
1476:
1274:
1046:
834:
549:
1664:
1520:
1463:
1344:
687:
445:
It was planted in the northern suburbs of Sydney in the 1950s, and has subsequently become a major weed in eastern
829:
1380:
489:
43:
1669:
1468:
200:
793:
1165:
1160:
1061:
979:
713:
516:
731:
493:), has proven to be highly effective at reining it in, reducing density by 80%. The acacia seed weevil (
183:
1620:
479:
after the indigenous bush had largely been cut down for firewood. In addition to replacing indigenous
1656:
1367:
1240:
1108:
889:
405:
has become an invasive species outside its natural range due to the following contributing factors:
1414:
1017:
330:
rather than true leaves; these can be up to 25 centimetres long. At the base of each phyllode is a
1318:
391:
1690:
1538:
1186:
1173:
1087:
916:'Beating the Australian: The Acacia Gall Rust Fungus is Winning the Battle against Port Jackson'
495:
229:
38:
1455:
1191:
634:
540:
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has been planted extensively in semi-arid areas of Africa, South
America and the Middle East as
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362:
204:
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279:
137:
1718:
1388:
752:
446:
213:
81:
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578:
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vegetation, it also hampers agriculture. It is listed as an invasive alien plant in the
1494:
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1152:
853:
756:
68:
1712:
1300:
1442:
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30:
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604:
1331:
1313:
1248:
1011:
610:
342:
150:
472:
1139:
1002:
1147:
1121:
902:. Perth, Western Australia: Department of Conservation and Land Management.
858:
476:
380:
376:
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1507:
441:
Taller growth (by more than 3 m in some places) than indigenous plants
1393:
1279:
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996:
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327:
282:
127:
94:
1201:
1607:
1214:
1082:
875:
671:
428:
331:
294:
117:
883:
1253:
480:
322:
160:
107:
973:
879:(GBIF) Map of herbaria records showing something of its invasiveness
937:
Systematic
Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, ARS, USDA (2007).
365:, revegetation, animal fodder, mine site rehabilitation, firewood,
1633:
1266:
1126:
366:
334:
308:
55:
554:. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government.
338:
1113:
977:
684:"Jumping the Garden Fence: Invasive Garden Plants in Australia"
639:
Department of
Environment and Conservation (Western Australia)
564:
Wendland, H.L. (1820) Commentatio de
Acaciis aphyllis: 4, 26.
16:
Species of plant in the family
Fabaceae native to Australia
884:
Purdue
University Center for New Crops and Plants Products
864:
1554:
986:
803:. Invasive Species Specialist Group. September 2010
666:GBIF.org (1 March 2019) GBIF Occurrence Download
412:Rapid growth in soil with low levels of nutrients
606:Plant Invaders: The Threat to Natural Ecosystems
926:'Invasive Plants are Harming our Biodiversity'
900:Leaf and Branch: Trees and Tall Shrubs of Perth
798:(Port Jackson willow) – Management and Control"
337:, which secretes a sugary fluid. This attracts
603:Quentin C. B. Cronk; Janice L. Fuller (1995).
341:, which are believed to reduce the numbers of
424:Ability to germinate after cutting or burning
8:
254:, commonly known by various names including
409:Widespread planting outside its native area
974:
868:
845:
841:Department of the Environment and Heritage
369:, agroforestry and as a decorative plant.
212:
29:
20:
762:Ecology and Control of Introduced Plants
747:
745:
390:
738:from the original on 10 September 2015.
598:
596:
532:
714:"Union List of invasive alien species"
694:from the original on 28 December 2008
7:
1657:6ff5a9f9-ba53-4d7a-b100-c5bd281ef00e
1521:a025accf-3f14-4414-9e62-e376074a5863
1368:99d86155-e767-4df5-9970-c3934c10833a
463:Invasive plants of Australian origin
457:Environmental impact in South Africa
966:Acacia cyanophylla & Rhizobium
720:from the original on 29 July 2017.
577:. kippleonline.net. Archived from
471:and to stabilise the sands of the
14:
645:from the original on 19 July 2008
1670:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:508633-1
1469:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:471383-1
862:. Western Australian Government
449:, Victoria and South Australia.
421:Ability of seeds to survive fire
418:Large quantity of seeds produced
272:Western Australian golden wattle
221:Australian occurrence data from
42:
1734:Taxa named by Heinrich Wendland
513:(also known as "golden wattle")
765:. Cambridge University Press.
1:
1724:Acacias of Western Australia
427:Tolerance to many different
635:"FloraBase: Acacia saligna"
550:Australian Plant Name Index
415:Early reproductive maturity
1755:
575:"Noongar names for plants"
460:
930:Vol 93(2) June 2007 p108
920:Vol 93(2) June 2007 p104
398:GBIF.org: occurrence data
379:and for stabilisation of
297:peoples know the tree as
278:, is a small tree in the
235:
228:
220:
211:
189:
182:
39:Scientific classification
37:
28:
23:
1739:Plants described in 1820
941:Uromycladium tepperianum
843:, Australian Government.
490:Uromycladium tepperianum
898:Powell, Robert (1990).
732:"EU Regulation on IAS"
399:
314:
611:Royal Botanic Gardens
485:Cape Floristic Region
438:Extensive root system
394:
312:
1729:Fabales of Australia
260:golden wreath wattle
953:on 3 September 2014
581:on 20 November 2016
276:Port Jackson willow
835:Flora of Australia
672:10.15468/dl.vqssco
400:
387:Invasive potential
315:
313:Flowers and leaves
274:, and, in Africa,
268:blue-leafed wattle
238:Acacia cyanophylla
1706:
1705:
1402:Open Tree of Life
980:Taxon identifiers
909:978-0-7309-3916-0
772:978-0-521-35778-4
620:978-0-412-48380-6
613:, Kew: Springer.
434:Nitrogen fixation
247:
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1332:NHMSYS0021239024
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1021:
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1007:
1006:
1005:
975:
970:
962:
960:
958:
949:. Archived from
928:Veld & Flora
918:Veld & Flora
913:
872:
867:
854:"Acacia saligna"
849:
844:
830:"Acacia saligna"
813:
812:
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808:
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790:
784:
783:
781:
779:
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703:
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699:
690:. 7 March 2005.
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631:
625:
624:
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591:
590:
588:
586:
571:
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510:Acacia pycnantha
326:species, it has
216:
195:
138:Caesalpinioideae
47:
46:
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21:
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1389:Observation.org
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753:Judith H. Myers
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552:, IBIS database
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447:New South Wales
389:
356:
307:
287:Murchison River
207:
197:
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175:A. saligna
41:
17:
12:
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5:
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1750:
1742:
1741:
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1696:wfo-0000201526
1687:
1674:
1661:
1651:
1638:
1625:
1612:
1599:
1586:
1576:
1560:
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1556:Mimosa saligna
1552:
1551:
1549:
1548:
1544:wfo-0000210801
1535:
1525:
1512:
1499:
1486:
1473:
1460:
1447:
1434:
1424:
1420:Acacia saligna
1411:
1398:
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1358:Acacia~saligna
1349:
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1323:
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1192:Acacia saligna
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1101:Acacia_saligna
1092:
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1018:Acacia saligna
1008:
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988:Acacia saligna
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934:
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914:
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891:Acacia saligna
881:
877:Acacia saligna
873:
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824:
823:External links
821:
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796:Acacia saligna
785:
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664:Acacia saligna
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396:Acacia saligna
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373:Acacia saligna
359:Acacia saligna
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318:Acacia saligna
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289:, and east to
251:Acacia saligna
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193:Acacia saligna
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151:Mimosoid clade
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734:. June 2021.
733:
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716:. June 2021.
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296:
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291:Israelite Bay
288:
284:
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265:
264:orange wattle
261:
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239:
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184:Binomial name
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69:Tracheophytes
67:
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57:
54:
51:
50:
45:
40:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
1555:
987:
955:. Retrieved
951:the original
944:
940:
931:
927:
921:
917:
899:
890:
886:
876:
857:
833:
818:
805:. Retrieved
795:
788:
776:. Retrieved
761:
726:
708:
698:16 September
696:. Retrieved
678:
663:
659:
649:17 September
647:. Retrieved
629:
605:
583:. Retrieved
579:the original
569:
560:
548:
542:
535:
518:
508:
494:
488:
466:
451:
444:
402:
401:
395:
383:or erosion.
372:
371:
358:
357:
348:
321:
317:
316:
298:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
250:
249:
248:
237:
236:
192:
190:
174:
173:
161:
144:
101:
88:
75:
62:
18:
1314:NatureServe
1249:iNaturalist
1012:Wikispecies
969:(in French)
778:26 December
757:Dawn Bazely
585:24 November
496:Melanterius
343:leaf-eating
305:Description
134:Subfamily:
82:Angiosperms
1713:Categories
1438:Plant List
1059:Calflora:
527:References
473:Cape Flats
461:See also:
429:substrates
381:sand dunes
377:windbreaks
205:H.L.Wendl.
1571:Q39107202
1166:242429777
1148:FloraBase
859:FloraBase
477:Cape Town
328:phyllodes
169:Species:
52:Kingdom:
1683:13036726
1678:Tropicos
1647:10177892
1634:508633-1
1565:Wikidata
1516:VicFlora
1508:13024476
1503:Tropicos
1353:NSWFlora
1319:2.129534
1306:18435881
1267:471383-1
1096:eFloraSA
997:Wikidata
807:30 March
759:(2003).
736:Archived
718:Archived
692:Archived
643:Archived
517:List of
503:See also
475:outside
469:tan bark
283:Fabaceae
230:Synonyms
128:Fabaceae
124:Family:
95:Eudicots
24:Coojong
1608:2980331
1495:389-138
1443:ild-591
1215:2978552
1083:Ecocrop
1003:Q402385
521:species
363:tanning
332:nectary
295:Noongar
256:coojong
241:Lindley
201:Labill.
157:Genus:
118:Fabales
114:Order:
56:Plantae
1719:Acacia
1654:NZOR:
1579:APDB:
1451:PLANTS
1407:154767
1394:142295
1365:NZOR:
1345:420411
1293:182091
1202:ACASAL
1199:FoIO:
1140:170738
1114:690383
1036:APDB:
1026:AoFP:
957:6 June
945:Acacia
932:et seq
922:et seq
906:
837:Online
769:
617:
519:Acacia
481:fynbos
323:Acacia
299:Cujong
293:. The
280:family
162:Acacia
108:Rosids
1642:IRMNG
1621:24409
1595:74406
1582:63588
1528:WoI:
1490:SANBI
1482:78273
1427:PFI:
1376:NZPCN
1254:75255
1187:FoAO2
1179:41099
1135:EUNIS
1127:ACASA
1075:64BRL
1052:69966
1039:67267
801:(PDF)
367:mulch
335:gland
145:Clade
102:Clade
89:Clade
76:Clade
63:Clade
1665:POWO
1629:IPNI
1616:GRIN
1603:GBIF
1590:APNI
1464:POWO
1456:ACSA
1430:2248
1415:PfaF
1381:4277
1340:NCBI
1301:IUCN
1288:ITIS
1280:2402
1262:IPNI
1236:GRIN
1228:1590
1223:GISD
1210:GBIF
1174:FoAO
1153:3527
1122:EPPO
1088:2695
1062:9641
1047:APNI
1029:4383
959:2007
947:spp"
904:ISBN
887:s.v.
809:2011
780:2008
767:ISBN
700:2017
651:2017
615:ISBN
587:2016
354:Uses
339:ants
1691:WFO
1539:WFO
1531:645
1477:RHS
1327:NBN
1275:ISC
1241:981
1161:FNA
1109:EoL
1070:CoL
943:on
688:WWF
668:doi
223:AVH
1715::
1693::
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1072::
1049::
1014::
999::
856:.
839:.
832:.
755:;
744:^
686:.
641:.
637:.
609:.
595:^
547:.
301:.
270:,
266:,
262:,
258:,
203:)
147::
104::
91::
78::
65::
961:.
939:"
912:.
894:.
866:.
811:.
794:"
782:.
702:.
670::
653:.
623:.
589:.
545:"
541:"
199:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
