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Net positive difference that results from economic development intervention. The extent to which an activity (and associated outputs, outcomes and impacts) is larger in scale, at a higher quality, takes place more quickly, takes place at a different location, or takes place at all as a result of
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For ex ante applications, additionality is evaluated for proposed activities. A proposed activity is additional if the recognized interventions are deemed to be causing the activity to take place, or whether a proposed activity is distinct from its baseline. A baseline is a prediction of the
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quantified amount of an input to or output from an activity resulting from the expected future behavior of the actors proposing, and affected by, the proposed activity in the absence of one or more policy interventions, holding all other factors constant (ceteris paribus).
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credits), when in fact the intervention is having no effect on their behavior because other factors are dominant (e.g., earning a profit from an activity even without carbon credits). The proposed project is therefore not truly
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302:"Additionality & Economic Impact Assessment Guidance Note: A Summary Guide to Assessing the Additional Benefit, or Additionality, of an Economic Development Project or Programme"
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191:, since it would have been implemented without the intervention (e.g., in the form of the carbon credit price signal). This without intervention scenario is often referred to as "
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is the property of an activity being additional by adding something new to the context. It is a determination of whether an intervention has an effect when compared to a
360:"What Is Additionality? Part 2: A framework for a more precise definitions and standardized approaches," GHG Management Institute, Discussion Paper No. 002, (Jan 2012).
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when the parties claim that their behavior is being changed due to recognized intervention (e.g., because of the economic incentive provided by earning
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intervention. Additionality measures the net result, taking account of deadweight, leakage, displacement, substitution and economic multipliers.
365:"What Is Additionality? Part 3: Implications for stacking and unbundling," GHG Management Institute, Discussion Paper No. 003, (Jan 2012).
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355:"What is Additionality? Part 1: A long standing problem," GHG Management Institute, Discussion Paper No. 001, (Jan 2012).
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269:"What Is Additionality? Part 2: A framework for a more precise definitions and standardized approaches"
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For an example of the application of additionality in environmental crediting markets refer to
328:"Additionality Guide: A Standard Approach to Assessing the Additional Impact of Projects"
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370:"Understanding Carbon Offsets, REC's, and Additionality," White Paper, June 29, 2022
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Additionality may be evaluated ex post, as is often done in the practice of
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244:"What is Additionality? Part 1: A long standing problem"
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Additionality is calculated by the following formula:
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Other working definitions of the term are available
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164:is the impact of the intervention, and
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55:October 2015
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224:Value added
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