Knowledge (XXG)

Adolf Grimme

Source 📝

150: 359: 31: 386:, he became a member of the appointed Landtag of Lower Saxony, which existed from 8 December 1946 to 28 March 1947. When the elections were held, he became a member of the first elected Landtag, later becoming the first Minister of Culture of Lower Saxony. On 15 November 1948 Grimme was named the first General Manager of 449:
was an absolutely normal police organization" and he pointed to "the majority of surviving witnesses... from people, who obsessed over a boundless hate of the National Socialist state". The ruling was in line with an earlier decision by the U.S. military, which in 1946, investigated the death of Red
331:
was in profound measure fueled by treason and espionage." The report further stated that the military opposition had "assumed... an enormous amount of guilt". Other German men disagreed with Hitler and the war, but nonetheless "did their duty as soldiers and in administration and the economy...
1385: 787: 322:
state's attorney, about the investigation into the complaint filed by Grimme and other surviving Red Orchestra members came to the conclusion that the Reich court martial trials had been conducted "in accordance with the law"
192:. He was also involved in the free student reform movement. He finished, passing his state exams in philosophy in 1914. In 1922, he became a member of the SPD. He began teaching in 1924. He then became a senior teacher ( 780: 643: 1410: 327:) and the defendants correctly sentenced to death. "The basis of the 'Red Orchestra'... was treason. Treason... has ever and in all ages been regarded as the most ignominious crime. ... Also the 773: 1440: 1430: 1405: 141:
and sentenced to prison. After the war, he filed a legal complaint against the judge who had condemned him and others. After years of delays, the case was dropped by the prosecutor.
1415: 149: 371: 425:
training institute in 1964. In 1973, a media institute named after Grimme was founded in Marl, and has given out the Grimme Award since 1977, expanded in 2001 to include
1400: 1390: 658: 417:
Over the decades since his death, Grimme has become a "name without a history". An annual television prize, the most prestigious in Germany, is named for him, the
232: 1420: 1435: 686: 584: 760: 1380: 118: 1425: 718: 947: 743: 733: 608: 247:. A good defense strategy, which mainly consisted of informing on his fellow Red Orchestra members, enabled him to avoid the 181: 172:, the son of Louise, née Sander (1858–1952) and Adolf Grimme (1854–1906), a train station master. In 1908, he began studying 555: 1122: 1395: 907: 756: 710: 266: 224:
government in Prussia. He was removed from this position on 20 July 1932 when the state government was deposed in the
138: 130: 516: 485: 847: 387: 375: 189: 236: 1308: 1142: 952: 490: 832: 862: 817: 737: 559: 429:. A biography about Grimme was published in 2008, helping to "return the missing history" to Grimme's name. 213: 1303: 1162: 887: 378:. It existed for just a few months, from 23 August 1946 to 8 December 1946. After the British created the 296: 927: 1203: 1012: 827: 258: 1238: 1233: 1087: 922: 852: 312: 1375: 1370: 1258: 1198: 1147: 1077: 1072: 1042: 987: 857: 842: 837: 812: 765: 217: 185: 79: 1268: 1092: 1032: 1329: 1273: 1193: 1117: 1112: 1102: 892: 300: 299:
for his involvement condemning to death or imprisonment 49 members of the Red Orchestra, including
292: 271: 244: 1344: 1127: 1097: 1052: 1037: 1288: 1137: 992: 418: 1047: 982: 1067: 1339: 1298: 1157: 917: 714: 682: 580: 304: 208:
Ministry of Culture, and a year later, the vice president of the provincial school council of
942: 877: 332:
certainly would have rejected with outrage... being placed in the same league with men like
225: 169: 157: 1349: 1228: 1188: 1183: 1057: 932: 882: 612: 451: 379: 337: 221: 122: 67: 1386:
Grand Crosses with Star and Sash of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
1278: 1213: 1107: 1062: 997: 912: 630: 605: 348: 280: 177: 291:
Although not given to revenge, on 15 September 1945 Grimme filed a complaint with the
1364: 1334: 1293: 1253: 1208: 1178: 1152: 1082: 1027: 1007: 972: 937: 872: 867: 822: 520: 308: 248: 1313: 1263: 1022: 1002: 977: 967: 797: 383: 328: 262: 126: 87: 269:
as author of many fliers then in circulation. Under the Third Reich, the crime of
752: 1283: 1223: 1132: 957: 897: 513: 395: 391: 358: 352: 333: 319: 134: 1218: 902: 341: 173: 153: 117:(31 December 1889 – 27 August 1963) was a German politician, a member of the 1248: 1017: 426: 421:. Known since 2010 as the Grimme Award, it was first awarded by the City of 406: 402: 253: 201: 275:
was punishable by death. Grimme's prison term was spent at the prisons in
30: 197: 494:(in German), vol. 7, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 88–89 446: 367: 240: 205: 45: 276: 209: 165: 235:. In 1942, his house was searched because of his connections to the 454:. It found that the Nazi court's death sentence had been justified. 220:, serving as the last Culture Minister of a democratically elected 707:
Die Rote Kapelle. „Landesverrat“ als antifaschistischer Widerstand
577:
Das Kulturlexikon zum Dritten Reich. Wer war was vor und nach 1945
357: 251:
facing him and he was sentenced to three years in a labor prison (
697:
Abgeordnete in Niedersachsen 1946–1994. Biographisches Handbuch.
422: 769: 121:(SPD). He was Cultural Minister during the later years of the 445:
Lüneburg state's attorney Hans-Jürgen Finck also wrote, "the
746:
The Federal Archives of Germany. Retrieved January 29, 2012
631:"Timeline: Prominent Events In Mildred Fish-Harnack's Story" 537:
Red Orchestra: the Story of the Berlin Underground, chpt. 21
318:
Dated 12 May 1951, the final report by Hans-Jürgen Finck,
265:". The Gestapo failed to uncover his participation in the 1411:
Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg alumni
1322: 1171: 805: 661:sprueche-und-zitate.com Retrieved January 28, 2012 85: 73: 63: 44: 21: 523:Fernsehmuseum Hamburg. Retrieved January 28, 2012 355:until the end of the 1960s, when it was dropped. 1441:People convicted of treason against Nazi Germany 633:Channel 3000 (2007). Retrieved February 16, 2012 646:Friedenau Netzwerk. Retrieved January 28, 2012 1431:Ministers of the Lower Saxony State Government 1406:Social Democratic Party of Germany politicians 366:Grimme was a member of the postwar "appointed 1416:Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich alumni 781: 681:Cologne, Weimar, Vienna: Böhlau-Verlag 2007 ( 200:and in 1925, he became the superintendent in 8: 659:"Adolf Grimme über Christen und Sozialisten" 563:(March 5, 2008). Retrieved January 29, 2012 401:A well-known quote from Adolf Grimme is "A 788: 774: 766: 618:No. 23 (2002). Retrieved January 29, 2012 204:. He became the assistant Minister at the 18: 509: 507: 505: 503: 501: 351:, was delayed by the state's attorney in 347:The case, also pursued by Weisenborn and 1401:Politicians from the Province of Hanover 600: 598: 596: 156:(left) and Adolf Grimme in front of the 148: 467: 438: 390:. In 1956, he retired to Degerndorf am 1391:Members of the Landtag of Lower Saxony 753:Newspaper clippings about Adolf Grimme 606:"Als hätten sie nie das Recht gebeugt" 579:. S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2007, 216:. In 1930, he became the successor to 48:Minister of Science, Art and Education 550: 548: 546: 544: 479: 477: 475: 473: 471: 243:. In 1943, he was brought before the 137:, he was arrested as a member of the 7: 734:Literature by and about Adolf Grimme 409:. A Christian must be a socialist." 713:. ergebnisse.Verlag: Hamburg 1986, 14: 233:Covenant of Religious Socialists 129:, during the early years of the 29: 484:Walther G. Oschilewski (1966), 1436:Education ministers of Prussia 1421:University of Göttingen alumni 679:Adolf Grimme. Eine Biographie. 1: 16:German politician (1889–1963) 644:"Günther und Joy Weisenborn" 514:Adolf Grimme short biography 180:, attending universities in 115:Adolf Berthold Ludwig Grimme 988:Erika Gräfin von Brockdorff 757:20th Century Press Archives 711:Heinrich Scheel (historian) 372:British military government 239:and he was arrested by the 131:Federal Republic of Germany 1457: 806:Harro Schulze-Boysen group 388:Nordwestdeutscher Rundfunk 1381:German resistance members 1323:Rudolf von Scheliha group 1123:Wilhelm Schürmann-Horster 108: 104: 93: 52: 40: 28: 1426:ARD (broadcaster) people 491:Neue Deutsche Biographie 833:Mietje Bontjes van Beek 818:Libertas Schulze-Boysen 738:German National Library 556:"Wer war Adolf Grimme?" 394:in the municipality of 231:Grimme belonged to the 119:Social Democratic Party 363: 161: 1304:Hansheinrich Kummerow 1204:Lotte Bergtel-Schleif 1163:Hansheinrich Kummerow 1013:Lotte Bergtel-Schleif 828:Cato Bontjes van Beek 796:People of the German 361: 152: 86:Minister of Culture, 863:Walter Küchenmeister 843:Elisabeth Schumacher 838:Jan Bontjes van Beek 813:Harro Schulze-Boysen 560:Neue Zürcher Zeitung 218:Carl Heinrich Becker 80:Carl Heinrich Becker 1330:Rudolf von Scheliha 1172:Arvid Harnack group 928:Hans Lautenschlager 888:Gisela von Pöllnitz 370:" organized by the 362:Grimme's gravestone 301:Dietrich Bonhoeffer 272:Wehrkraftzersetzung 245:Reich court martial 164:Grimme was born in 1396:People from Goslar 1289:Wilhelm Fellendorf 1138:Wilhelm Fellendorf 993:Cay von Brockdorff 853:Günther Weisenborn 699:1996, p. 128 611:2013-03-30 at the 419:Adolf Grimme Award 364: 313:Günther Weisenborn 257:), condemned for " 162: 1358: 1357: 1340:Rudolf Herrnstadt 1299:Ingeborg Kummerow 1239:Leo Skrzypczynski 1234:Wolfgang Havemann 1199:Bernhard Bästlein 1158:Ingeborg Kummerow 1088:Philipp Schaeffer 923:Hermann Natterodt 918:Herbert Engelsing 687:978-3-412-20025-1 585:978-3-10-039326-5 450:Orchestra member 305:Hans von Dohnanyi 267:German Resistance 259:failure to report 139:German Resistance 112: 111: 1448: 1274:Rose Schlösinger 943:Friedrich Rehmer 893:Oda Schottmüller 878:John Rittmeister 800:resistance group 790: 783: 776: 767: 749: 723: 702: 692: 665: 664: 656: 650: 649: 640: 634: 628: 622: 621: 602: 591: 590: 573: 567: 566: 552: 539: 533: 527: 526: 511: 496: 495: 481: 455: 443: 293:state's attorney 214:Mark Brandenburg 170:Prussian Hanover 158:Prussian Landtag 145:Life before 1945 98: 76: 57: 33: 19: 1456: 1455: 1451: 1450: 1449: 1447: 1446: 1445: 1361: 1360: 1359: 1354: 1350:Heinrich Koenen 1318: 1259:Wolfgang Thiess 1229:Herbert Gollnow 1189:Wilhelm Guddorf 1184:Mildred Harnack 1167: 1148:Albert Hoessler 1078:Marcel Melliand 1073:Krystana Janewa 1058:Walter Husemann 1043:Walter Hoffmann 933:Liane Berkowitz 908:Heinrich Scheel 883:Eva Rittmeister 848:Kurt Schumacher 801: 794: 747: 730: 721: 705:Gert Rosiejka: 700: 695:Barbara Simon: 690: 677:Kai Burkhardt: 674: 672:Further reading 669: 668: 662: 657: 653: 647: 641: 637: 629: 625: 619: 613:Wayback Machine 604:Helmut Kramer, 603: 594: 588: 574: 570: 564: 554:Ulrich Teusch, 553: 542: 534: 530: 524: 512: 499: 486:"Grimme, Adolf" 483: 482: 469: 464: 459: 458: 452:Mildred Harnack 444: 440: 435: 415: 376:occupation zone 344:von Dohnanyi." 289: 147: 123:Weimar Republic 99: 94: 74: 68:Franz von Papen 58: 53: 36: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 1454: 1452: 1444: 1443: 1438: 1433: 1428: 1423: 1418: 1413: 1408: 1403: 1398: 1393: 1388: 1383: 1378: 1373: 1363: 1362: 1356: 1355: 1353: 1352: 1347: 1342: 1337: 1332: 1326: 1324: 1320: 1319: 1317: 1316: 1311: 1306: 1301: 1296: 1291: 1286: 1281: 1276: 1271: 1269:Friedrich Lenz 1266: 1261: 1256: 1251: 1246: 1241: 1236: 1231: 1226: 1221: 1216: 1214:Greta Kuckhoff 1211: 1206: 1201: 1196: 1191: 1186: 1181: 1175: 1173: 1169: 1168: 1166: 1165: 1160: 1155: 1150: 1145: 1140: 1135: 1130: 1125: 1120: 1115: 1110: 1108:Edwin Tietjens 1105: 1100: 1095: 1093:Ilse Schaeffer 1090: 1085: 1080: 1075: 1070: 1065: 1063:Marta Husemann 1060: 1055: 1050: 1045: 1040: 1035: 1033:Otto Grabowski 1030: 1025: 1020: 1015: 1010: 1005: 1000: 998:Eva-Maria Buch 995: 990: 985: 980: 975: 970: 965: 960: 955: 950: 945: 940: 935: 930: 925: 920: 915: 913:Horst Heilmann 910: 905: 900: 895: 890: 885: 880: 875: 870: 865: 860: 858:Joy Weisenborn 855: 850: 845: 840: 835: 830: 825: 820: 815: 809: 807: 803: 802: 795: 793: 792: 785: 778: 770: 764: 763: 750: 741: 729: 728:External links 726: 725: 724: 709:, foreword by 703: 693: 673: 670: 667: 666: 651: 642:Eva Liebchen, 635: 623: 592: 587:, p. 198 568: 540: 535:Nelson, Anne: 528: 519:2013-01-05 at 497: 466: 465: 463: 460: 457: 456: 437: 436: 434: 431: 414: 411: 349:Greta Kuckhoff 297:Manfred Roeder 288: 285: 261:an attempt at 194:Oberstudienrat 178:German studies 146: 143: 110: 109: 106: 105: 102: 101: 91: 90: 83: 82: 77: 71: 70: 65: 61: 60: 50: 49: 42: 41: 38: 37: 34: 26: 25: 22: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1453: 1442: 1439: 1437: 1434: 1432: 1429: 1427: 1424: 1422: 1419: 1417: 1414: 1412: 1409: 1407: 1404: 1402: 1399: 1397: 1394: 1392: 1389: 1387: 1384: 1382: 1379: 1377: 1374: 1372: 1369: 1368: 1366: 1351: 1348: 1346: 1343: 1341: 1338: 1336: 1333: 1331: 1328: 1327: 1325: 1321: 1315: 1312: 1310: 1307: 1305: 1302: 1300: 1297: 1295: 1294:Eugen Neutert 1292: 1290: 1287: 1285: 1282: 1280: 1277: 1275: 1272: 1270: 1267: 1265: 1262: 1260: 1257: 1255: 1254:Anton Saefkow 1252: 1250: 1247: 1245: 1242: 1240: 1237: 1235: 1232: 1230: 1227: 1225: 1222: 1220: 1217: 1215: 1212: 1210: 1209:Adam Kuckhoff 1207: 1205: 1202: 1200: 1197: 1195: 1194:Hilde Guddorf 1192: 1190: 1187: 1185: 1182: 1180: 1179:Arvid Harnack 1177: 1176: 1174: 1170: 1164: 1161: 1159: 1156: 1154: 1153:Heinz Strelow 1151: 1149: 1146: 1144: 1141: 1139: 1136: 1134: 1131: 1129: 1126: 1124: 1121: 1119: 1118:Frida Wesolek 1116: 1114: 1113:Albert Voigts 1111: 1109: 1106: 1104: 1103:Hans Sussmann 1101: 1099: 1096: 1094: 1091: 1089: 1086: 1084: 1083:Helmut Roloff 1081: 1079: 1076: 1074: 1071: 1069: 1066: 1064: 1061: 1059: 1056: 1054: 1051: 1049: 1046: 1044: 1041: 1039: 1036: 1034: 1031: 1029: 1028:Max Grabowski 1026: 1024: 1021: 1019: 1016: 1014: 1011: 1009: 1008:Werner Dissel 1006: 1004: 1001: 999: 996: 994: 991: 989: 986: 984: 981: 979: 976: 974: 973:Helmut Himpel 971: 969: 966: 964: 961: 959: 956: 954: 953:Werner Krauss 951: 949: 946: 944: 941: 939: 938:Ursula Goetze 936: 934: 931: 929: 926: 924: 921: 919: 916: 914: 911: 909: 906: 904: 901: 899: 896: 894: 891: 889: 886: 884: 881: 879: 876: 874: 873:John Graudenz 871: 869: 868:Elfriede Paul 866: 864: 861: 859: 856: 854: 851: 849: 846: 844: 841: 839: 836: 834: 831: 829: 826: 824: 823:Maria Terwiel 821: 819: 816: 814: 811: 810: 808: 804: 799: 791: 786: 784: 779: 777: 772: 771: 768: 762: 758: 754: 751: 745: 742: 739: 735: 732: 731: 727: 720: 719:3-925622-16-0 716: 712: 708: 704: 698: 694: 688: 684: 680: 676: 675: 671: 660: 655: 652: 645: 639: 636: 632: 627: 624: 617: 614: 610: 607: 601: 599: 597: 593: 586: 582: 578: 572: 569: 562: 561: 557: 551: 549: 547: 545: 541: 538: 532: 529: 522: 521:archive.today 518: 515: 510: 508: 506: 504: 502: 498: 493: 492: 487: 480: 478: 476: 474: 472: 468: 461: 453: 448: 442: 439: 432: 430: 428: 424: 420: 412: 410: 408: 404: 399: 397: 393: 389: 385: 381: 377: 373: 369: 360: 356: 354: 350: 345: 343: 339: 335: 330: 326: 325:ordnungsgemäß 321: 316: 314: 310: 309:Arvid Harnack 306: 302: 298: 294: 287:After the war 286: 284: 282: 278: 274: 273: 268: 264: 260: 256: 255: 250: 249:death penalty 246: 242: 238: 237:Red Orchestra 234: 229: 227: 226:Prussian coup 223: 219: 215: 211: 207: 203: 199: 195: 191: 187: 183: 179: 175: 171: 167: 160:, 24 May 1932 159: 155: 151: 144: 142: 140: 136: 133:. During the 132: 128: 124: 120: 116: 107: 103: 97: 92: 89: 84: 81: 78: 72: 69: 66: 62: 56: 51: 47: 43: 39: 32: 27: 20: 1345:Kurt Schulze 1314:Martin Weise 1264:Karl Behrens 1244:Adolf Grimme 1243: 1143:Robert Barth 1128:Arnold Bauer 1098:Kurt Schulze 1053:Marie Hübner 1038:Bruno Hempel 1023:Erwin Gehrts 1003:Fritz Cremer 978:Hanna Berger 968:Karl Behrens 963:Adolf Grimme 962: 798:Rote Kapelle 744:Adolf Grimme 706: 696: 678: 654: 638: 626: 615: 576: 575:Ernst Klee: 571: 558: 536: 531: 489: 441: 416: 400: 384:Lower Saxony 380:German state 365: 346: 329:20 July Plot 324: 317: 290: 270: 263:high treason 252: 230: 193: 163: 127:World War II 114: 113: 95: 88:Lower Saxony 54: 35:Adolf Grimme 23:Adolf Grimme 1376:1963 deaths 1371:1889 births 1309:Fritz Lange 1284:Erna Eifler 1279:Beppo Römer 1224:Hilde Coppi 1133:Erna Eifler 958:Anna Krauss 948:Fritz Thiel 898:Hilde Coppi 748:(in German) 722:(in German) 701:(in German) 691:(in German) 663:(in German) 648:(in German) 620:(in German) 589:(in German) 565:(in German) 525:(in German) 396:Brannenburg 281:Fuhlsbüttel 135:Third Reich 75:Preceded by 1365:Categories 1335:Ilse Stöbe 1219:Hans Coppi 1048:Max Hübner 983:Karl Böhme 903:Hans Coppi 462:References 174:philosophy 154:Otto Braun 125:and after 64:Chancellor 1249:John Sieg 1068:Else Imme 1018:Ina Ender 740:catalogue 616:Ossietzky 433:Footnotes 427:new media 407:Christian 405:can be a 403:socialist 374:in their 254:Zuchthaus 202:Magdeburg 190:Göttingen 100:1946–1948 96:In office 59:1930–1932 55:In office 609:Archived 517:Archived 353:Lüneburg 320:Lüneburg 295:against 206:Prussian 198:Hannover 46:Prussian 759:of the 755:in the 736:in the 447:Gestapo 368:Landtag 338:Canaris 241:Gestapo 717:  685:  583:  413:Legacy 277:Luckau 210:Berlin 186:Munich 166:Goslar 342:Oster 222:state 196:) in 182:Halle 715:ISBN 683:ISBN 581:ISBN 423:Marl 334:Beck 311:and 279:and 212:and 188:and 176:and 761:ZBW 392:Inn 382:of 1367:: 689:) 595:^ 543:^ 500:^ 488:, 470:^ 398:. 340:, 336:, 315:. 307:, 303:, 283:. 228:. 184:, 168:, 789:e 782:t 775:v 323:(

Index

Newspaper photo of Adolf Grimme
Prussian
Franz von Papen
Carl Heinrich Becker
Lower Saxony
Social Democratic Party
Weimar Republic
World War II
Federal Republic of Germany
Third Reich
German Resistance

Otto Braun
Prussian Landtag
Goslar
Prussian Hanover
philosophy
German studies
Halle
Munich
Göttingen
Hannover
Magdeburg
Prussian
Berlin
Mark Brandenburg
Carl Heinrich Becker
state
Prussian coup
Covenant of Religious Socialists

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.