744:(six wins, eight losses, and no draws; Steinitz won the last two games). Although Steinitz is now known for inventing the positional approach to chess and demonstrating its superiority, the 1866 match was played in the attack-at-all-costs style of the 1850s and 1860s. This is generally seen as the point at which Steinitz succeeded Anderssen as the world's leading active player. Although ideas of a contest for the world championship had been floating around since the 1840s, the 1866 Anderssen–Steinitz match was not defined as being for the world championship, and many were opposed to the claim of such a title while Morphy was retired from chess and still alive. Furthermore, Anderssen remained dominant both in top tournaments and in personal matches against Zukertort until 1871.
848:
511:
572:– by margins of at least two games in every case. His prize was two-thirds of the total prize fund of £500, i.e. about £335; that is equivalent to about £240,000 ($ 370,200) in 2006's money. When Anderssen and Szén found they were to play each other, they agreed that, if either won the tournament, the other would receive one-third of the prize; this does not appear to have been considered in any way unethical.
298:
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333:
326:
319:
312:
305:
285:
484:" group, which included some of the strongest players of the time, and he played matches against some of them. Anderssen's development as a player was relatively slow, largely because he could spare neither the time nor the money to play many matches against strong players. Nevertheless, by 1846 he was able to put up a good fight against another Pleiades member,
730:
753:
Anderssen, in his early fifties, was playing the finest chess of his career. As a result, Anderssen compiled a very successful tournament record in the late stages of his career: five first places, two second places, two third places; and a sixth place in the final year of his life, when his health was failing. One of his first places was ahead of
Steinitz,
773:, when he was 55. About half of Anderssen's tournament successes came at championships of the different regional German Chess Federations; but these were open to all nationalities, and most of them had a few "top ten" or even "top five" competitors. Anderssen usually beat Zukertort in matches, but his dominance came to an end in 1871.
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827:
attack, and perhaps I myself may not have learnt enough." Although
Anderssen is regarded as a member of the "heroic" attacking school, he was not in favor of mindless aggression, for example he said: "Move that one of your pieces, which is in the worst plight, unless you can satisfy yourself that you
805:
Anderssen was very successful in
European tournaments from 1851 to early 1878, taking first prize in over half of the events in which he played. His only recorded tournament failures were a one-game-per-round knock-out event in 1857 and sixth place at Paris 1878 when his health was failing and he had
203:
and then attended university, where he studied mathematics and philosophy. After graduating in 1847 at the age of 29, he took a position at the
Friedrichs-Gymnasium as an instructor and later as Professor of Mathematics. Anderssen lived a quiet, stable, responsible, respectable middle-class life. His
583:
had said the contest was for "the baton of the World's Chess
Champion". In fact Anderssen was not described as "the world champion", but the tournament established Anderssen as the world's leading chess player. The London Chess Club, which had fallen out with Staunton and his colleagues, organized a
752:
By this time tournaments were becoming more frequent, and the round-robin format was adopted. At the same time, Anderssen, after losing the match to Morphy in 1858 and to
Steinitz in 1866, re-dedicated himself to chess, particularly studying both endgames and positional play. The result was that
1405:
This tournament had a very unusual scoring system: each player played a 3-game mini-match with each of the others and scored 1 for a won mini-match and ½ for a drawn mini-match. The numbers before the colons (:) are the points awarded; the other 2 numbers are the usual "games won / games played"
920:
Steinitz wrote: "Anderssen was honest and honourable to the core. Without fear or favour he straightforwardly gave his opinion, and his sincere disinterestedness became so patent....that his word alone was usually sufficient to quell disputes...for he had often given his decision in favour of a
882:
and few variations. He was one of the most skillful composers of his time, and his work forms an early stage of the "Transition Period", between the mid-1840s and the early 1860s, when many of the basic problem ideas were discovered, the requirement for game-like positions was abandoned and the
172:, driving forward the transition from the "Old School" of problem composition to the elegance and complexity of modern compositions. He was also one of the most likeable of chess masters and became an "elder statesman" of the game, to whom others turned for advice or arbitration.
1043:
A knock-out tournament in which the contestants played mini-matches in each round, increasing from best-of-3 in the 1st round to best-of 8 in the final. Anderssen himself beat
Kieseritzky, Szen, Staunton and Wyvill – his closest mini-match was +4−2=1 in the final against Wyvill.
806:
only about a year to live. His match record was much weaker: out of the 12 that he played, he won only two, drew four and lost six. Though outclassed by Morphy, and to a lesser extent by
Steinitz, Anderssen has been called the first modern chess master.
593:
939:
noted his death in 1879 with a nineteen-page obituary. His cause of death was a heart attack. Bombing raids during World War II damaged his grave in
Breslau. After the war, the city became part of Poland and is now known under its Polish name
619:, seven losses). Although Anderssen knew as well as anyone how to attack, Morphy understood much better when to attack and how to prepare an attack. Morphy had recently scored equally convincing wins in matches against other top-class players:
779:
Still at
Leipzig, Anderssen lost a match against tournament winner Louis Paulsen (three wins, one draw, and five losses). Matches were Anderssen's relative weakness; his only match win in this period was in 1868, against the 26-year-old
689:, one of the leading players of the time, who later became a wealthy banker and patron of chess. Anderssen drew their match in 1860 and narrowly won in 1861 (5/9; won four, drew two, lost three; Kolisch was ahead at the half-way stage).
866:
The "heroic" attacking school of play to which Anderssen belonged was eclipsed by Steinitz' positional approach – by 1894 it was generally acknowledged that the only way to beat Steinitz was to apply Steinitz' principles.
1093:
8-player knock-out tournament in which the contestants played just 1 game in each round. Anderssen beat Harrwitz in the 1st round, and lost to Löwenthal in the 2nd round. Löwenthal drew the final against
716:
Shortly after the tournament, he played a match against tournament runner-up Paulsen, ending in a draw (3 wins, 3 losses, 2 draws). In 1864, he drew another match (3 wins, 3 losses, and 2 draws) against
603:
Opportunities for tournament play remained rare, and Anderssen was reluctant to travel far because of the expense. In his one recorded tournament between 1851 and 1862, a one-game-per-round
540:
Anderssen's preparations for the 1851 London International Tournament produced a surge in his playing strength: he played over 100 games in early 1851 against strong opponents including
1430:
Anderssen, Goering and Pitschel tied for 1st; the order after the playoff was (1) Anderssen, (2=) Goering and Pitschel; all finished ahead of Louis Paulsen, Schallopp and Carl Berber.
638:
Anderssen played the curious opening move 1.a3 in three games of his match against Morphy, and broke even with it (one loss, one draw, one win). This opening move, now referred to as "
195:, in 1818. He lived there for most of his life, sharing a house with and supporting his widowed mother and his unmarried sister. Anderssen never married. He graduated from the public
142:
in 1866. Accordingly, he is generally regarded as having been the world's leading chess player from 1851 to 1858, and leading active player from 1862 to 1866, although the title of
2884:
Conversion based on average incomes, which are the most appropriate measure for several days' hard work. If we use average prices for the conversion, the result is about £27,000.
776:
The Leipzig 1877 tournament was organized in his honour and named the "Anderssen-Feier" (Anderssen Celebration); Anderssen finished second in the tournament behind Louis Paulsen.
713:, who had the best playing record in the early 1860s. Morphy had retired from chess at this time, so Anderssen was again generally regarded as the world's leading active player.
820:
ranks Anderssen as one of the top two players for most of the period from 1859 to 1873, and as the strongest player in the world seven months distributed between 1860 and 1870.
537:, offered to pay Anderssen's travel expenses out of his own pocket if necessary, should Anderssen fail to win a tournament prize. Anderssen accepted this generous offer.
4167:
533:, to be held in London in 1851. Anderssen was reluctant to accept the invitation, as he was deterred by the travel costs. However the tournament's principal organizer,
769:. In terms of the number of leading players present, this could be regarded as one of the top 20 tournaments ever. One of Anderssen's third places was at the strong
2961:
631:. Morphy returned to the United States in 1859 and soon afterwards announced his retirement from serious chess, however, making Anderssen once again the strongest
925:, a 20th-century player, wrote, "There is a curious contrast between his over-the-board brilliance and his uninspired safety-first attitude in everyday affairs."
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tournament that was played a month later and included several players who had competed in the International Tournament. The result was the same – Anderssen won.
4147:
480:, in 1842. He continued to publish problems for many years, both in magazines and as a second collection in 1852. These brought him to the attention of the "
211:
When Anderssen was nine years old, his father taught him how to play chess. Anderssen said that as a boy, he learned the strategy of the game from a copy of
1304:
Anderssen, von Minckwitz, and Louis Paulsen tied for 1st; the order after the playoff was (1) Paulsen, (2) Anderssen, (3) Minckwitz; all finished ahead of
705:(in which each participant plays a game against each of the others) with a score of twelve wins out of thirteen games. He lost only one game, to the Rev.
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introduction of composing competitions (the first of which was in 1854) forced judges to decide on what features were the most desirable in a problem.
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218:
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Steinitz rated Anderssen as one of the two greatest attacking players of his time: "We all may learn from Morphy and Anderssen how to conduct a
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4152:
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Shortly after the 1851 London International Tournament, Anderssen played his two most famous games, both casual encounters which he won by
4101:
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1458:, Schallopp and 5 others. This tournament was specially arranged to honour the 50th anniversary of Anderssen's learning the chess moves.
4162:
1624:
1570:
798:
485:
1207:
Anderssen and Louis Paulsen tied for 1st; the order after the playoff was (1) Anderssen, (2) Paulsen; all finished ahead of Zukertort,
847:
222:
1069:, Kieseritzky, Horwitz, Szabo, Löwe, and Ehrmann. Apparently intended to be round-robin, but the weaker players quickly dropped out.
149:
Anderssen became the most successful tournament player in Europe, winning over half the events he entered, including the very strong
4059:
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3126:
2865:
2662:
1243:
766:
150:
3172:
3146:
3092:
49:
3523:
2764:
2523:
998:
816:, retroactively calculated ratings through history, and estimated that Anderssen was the first player with a rating over 2600.
569:
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1002:
874:
composition. He started composing in the last years of the "Old School", whose compositions were fairly similar to realistic
3818:
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832:'s rule". According to Fine, his approach to development was haphazard and he totally failed to understand why Morphy won.
4132:
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3964:
3784:
3301:
2828:
604:
557:
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Behind Louis Paulsen (8/9) and Adolf Schwarz (6½/9); ahead of von Minckwitz (5/9), Wilfried Paulsen (4½/9) and 5 others.
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986:
770:
698:
580:
530:
518:
212:
131:
127:
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666:", he sacrificed a bishop, both rooks and finally his queen. In the second, played in Berlin in 1852 as White against
2736:
2518:
2088:
1275:
1081:
462:
3569:
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910:
It is impossible to keep one's excellence in a glass case, like a jewel, and take it out whenever it is required.
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1324:
1290:
1223:
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1151:
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1126:
1122:
706:
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in 1857, he was eliminated in the second round. Then in late 1858, he was beaten 8–3 by the American champion
529:. On the basis of this match and his general chess reputation, he was invited to represent German chess at the
4085:
3497:
836:
2887:"Five Ways to Compute the Relative Value of a U.K. Pound Amount, 1830–2006: 2006 equivalent of £335 in 1851"
2797:
1263:
1259:
945:
758:
488:, who may have been the world's strongest player at the time. In 1846, he became the editor of the magazine
3422:
3244:
4017:
1208:
1014:
935:
892:
702:
639:
494:
3725:
4045:
886:
Outside the field of chess problems Anderssen was not a prolific author. However he edited the magazine
3703:
4122:
4117:
3955:
3449:
143:
94:
3224:
2498:
2138:
1803:
1034:
651:
620:
192:
3764:
1383:
Behind Steinitz (10/11: 22½/25) and Blackburne; ahead of Rosenthal (7½/11: 17/28), Louis Paulsen,
3044:
2415:
2363:
2263:
2113:
2038:
2013:
1778:
1174:
1026:
949:
829:
659:
561:
196:
189:
90:
67:
3219:
510:
4090:
2549:
4055:
4025:
4007:
3990:
3969:
3602:
3122:
2861:
2658:
1455:
1384:
1169:
tied for 1st; the order after the playoff was (1) Lange, (2) Anderssen; all finished ahead of
1022:
1010:
879:
875:
813:
662:
in London on 21 June 1851, just after the International Tournament (1851) and now called the "
655:
565:
157:
1454:
Behind Louis Paulsen (9/11); tied with Zukertort (8½/11); ahead of Winawer (7½/11), Goering,
3986:
3377:
3036:
2312:
2188:
1271:
1170:
1134:
1066:
1018:
781:
741:
733:
686:
576:
139:
3143:"Adolf Anderssen vs Lionel Kieseritzky, 1851, King's Gambit Accepted – The "Immortal Game""
855:
Due to the perceived beauty of its attacking style, some of Anderssen's games, such as the
4097:
3754:
2853:
1832:
1597:
1392:
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628:
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event in which pairs of competitors played short matches, and Anderssen won it by beating
534:
526:
514:
481:
31:
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3644:
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3758:
4080:
4051:
4040:
3355:
3215:
3168:
3142:
3088:
3075:
3062:
2288:
2213:
1988:
1703:
1396:
1309:
1267:
1255:
1178:
1038:
860:
754:
718:
671:
545:
477:
165:
4111:
3959:
3472:
3114:
2467:
2440:
2388:
2336:
2163:
2063:
1963:
1678:
1651:
1541:
1400:
1337:
1305:
1118:
871:
856:
762:
710:
675:
667:
663:
553:
499:
169:
161:
111:
3527:
3169:"Adolf Anderssen vs Jean Dufresne, Berlin 1852, Evans Gambit – The "Evergreen Game""
2768:
1235:
Ahead of Zukertort, von Minckwitz, Schallopp and Wilfried Paulsen and Richard Hein.
448:
3387:
1753:
1388:
1095:
817:
616:
123:
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2873:
828:
can derive immediate advantage by an attack", a principle more recently labelled "
3822:
4003:
3677:
3581:
3343:
2396:
1886:
1861:
922:
679:
612:
596:
205:
135:
17:
3788:
3297:
3269:
A very strong player who had a long career; 1862 was his most successful year:
2824:
3887:
2916:
2693:
2238:
1938:
1728:
1077:
1030:
941:
797:
608:
541:
200:
185:
181:
3770:
3594:
2608:
1911:
1466:
1166:
809:
592:
549:
30:
This article is about the German chess player. For the Swedish swimmer, see
3938:
3916:
502:, one of the "Berlin Pleiades", died. Anderssen held this post until 1865.
472:
Anderssen first came to the attention of the chess world when he published
2729:
1501:
Anderssen was in poor health. The event was won by Winawer and Zukertort.
729:
824:
3462:
Has several examples of Steinitz testing his theories in top-class play.
521:, and offered to pay Anderssen's travel expenses, should he fail to win.
3364:
3048:
2475:
2448:
2344:
1919:
1659:
1632:
1605:
1578:
1549:
1438:
1414:
1320:
1286:
1189:
86:
3813:
3811:
153:. He achieved most of these successes when he was over the age of 50.
3022:
3020:
1219:
1147:
3040:
48:
3501:
846:
796:
728:
685:
After the match with Morphy, Anderssen played two matches against
591:
509:
3848:"Scores of various important chess results from the Romantic era"
3239:
3237:
3235:
3876:, pp. 126−177, Fizkultura i sport, Moskwa 1961 (Russian edition)
2910:
2908:
1041:, Alfred Brodie, James Mucklow, Samuel Newham, and E.S. Kennedy.
2579:
2577:
2575:
2573:
2571:
2569:
2567:
579:
as the first true world champion, one of the organizers of the
1824:+5–1, +5–2, and +5–4 for Anderssen, and +4=1–3 for Löwenthal
896:) from 1846 to 1865, and was co-editor with Gustav Neumann of
851:
Anderssen (far left below) depicted with other leading players
2788:
2786:
674:", the total sacrifice was more modest, but still exceeded a
525:
In 1848, Anderssen drew a match with the professional player
3492:
3490:
3488:
3486:
2956:
2954:
2952:
2950:
2948:
2946:
2944:
2646:
2644:
2759:
2757:
168:" (1852). He was an important figure in the development of
4036:
classical standard biography on Anderssen (only in German)
4022:
Adolf Anderssen, der Altmeister deutscher Schachspielkunst
3344:
World Chess Championship : 1862 Anderssen vs. Paulsen
3913:"Edo Ratings, Anderssen (Offhand) - Lowenthal, J.J. 1851"
3819:"Major Chess Matches and Tournaments of the 19th century"
3760:
Chess Praxis, a Supplement to the Chess Player's Handbook
878:
positions and featured spectacular "key" moves, multiple
933:
Anderssen died on 13 March 1879, in his home town. The
835:
Anderssen's home town was so proud of him that in 1865
740:
In 1866, Anderssen lost a close match with 30-year-old
615:
in a famous match held in Paris, France (two wins, two
3027:
Draper, N.R. (1963). "Does Age Affect Master Chess?".
2723:
2721:
2633:
Weenink, H.G.M. (1926). Hume, G.; White, A.C. (eds.).
2540:
2538:
2536:
2534:
2532:
721:, who was a strong player and respected chess writer.
2848:
2846:
2628:
2626:
1139:
One of the first successful round-robin tournaments.
3939:"Edo Ratings, Anderssen, K.E.A. - Harrwitz, D. 1858"
3842:
3840:
3413:
3411:
3409:
3380:
respected their work, see his review of Wormald's "
2687:
2685:
2683:
2681:
1529:
948:decided to re-bury Anderssen in a new grave at the
100:
73:
63:
55:
41:
3292:
3290:
3288:
3029:Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series A
2872:can be viewed online at or downloaded as PDF from
2819:
2817:
2815:
2599:
2597:
2595:
1364:Ahead of Neumann, Göring, Schallopp and Pitschel.
642:", has never been popular in serious competition.
1340:tied for 1st; then Anderssen won a playoff game.
208:, while his hobby and passion was playing chess.
4066:Some material on Anderssen in the first chapter.
3358:, see the "Lehrbücher" ("textbooks") section of
245:
126:. He won the great international tournaments of
3570:"Anderssen-Feier", Deutsche Schachzeitung, 1877
908:
870:Anderssen has had a more enduring influence on
476:("Task for chess players"), a collection of 60
3623:"Chessmetrics Player Profile: Adolf Anderssen"
863:, are among the most famous in chess history.
3195:"Chessmetrics Player Profile: Ignatz Kolisch"
888:Schachzeitung der Berliner Schachgesellschaft
765:and several other very strong players at the
490:Schachzeitung der Berliner Schachgesellschaft
8:
3801:The source for the date of the reburying is
3599:The Rating of Chessplayers, Past and Present
3524:"The Strongest Tournaments in Chess History"
3324:"Chessmetrics Player Profile: Louis Paulsen"
156:Anderssen is famous today for his brilliant
2654:Classic Chess Problems by Pioneer Composers
556:. The 1851 International Tournament was a
122:(6 July 1818 – 13 March 1879) was a German
3089:"Anderssen vs Morphy, Paris 1858, game 10"
1514:
962:
784:(eight wins, one draw, and three losses).
47:
38:
3968:(2nd ed.). Oxford University Press.
3076:"Anderssen vs Morphy, Paris 1858, game 8"
3063:"Anderssen vs Morphy, Paris 1858, game 6"
4168:Sportspeople from the Kingdom of Prussia
3477:The Centenary Match, Kasparov–Karpov III
3272:"Chessmetrics Player Profile: John Owen"
3787:. Ken Whyld Association. Archived from
3769:(quoting a contemporary interview with
2509:
1532:
1526:
977:
297:
290:
1211:, Schallopp, and Alexander Alexander.
709:and finished two points ahead of
3700:"The secret weapons of the champions"
2605:"Morphy's opponents: Adolf Anderssen"
339:
332:
325:
318:
311:
304:
281:
160:attacking play, particularly in the "
7:
1244:Baden-Baden International Tournament
581:1851 London International Tournament
531:first international chess tournament
519:1851 London International Tournament
4148:People from the Province of Silesia
839:awarded him an honorary doctorate.
517:was the principal organizer of the
486:Tassilo von Heydebrand und der Lasa
447:1.Bh5 Kxh5 2.Kg7 h6 3.Kf6 Kh4 4.Kg6
2962:"I tornei di scacchi fino al 1879"
2526:, 15th edn., 1992, Vol. 1, p. 385.
242:From Anderssen's 1842 collection
25:
3785:"At the grave of Adolf Anderssen"
3580:"The World's Great Chess Games",
3304:from the original on 17 June 2008
3175:from the original on 14 July 2008
3095:from the original on 12 July 2008
2929:from the original on 25 June 2008
2831:from the original on 17 June 2008
2742:from the original on 26 June 2008
2706:from the original on 25 June 2008
767:Baden-Baden 1870 chess tournament
658:. In the first, as White against
575:Although most chess books regard
151:Baden-Baden 1870 chess tournament
3854:from the original on 28 May 2008
3782:For a picture of his grave, see
3251:from the original on 16 May 2008
3149:from the original on 7 June 2008
599:defeated all opposition in 1858.
338:
331:
324:
317:
310:
303:
296:
289:
283:
4158:German male non-fiction writers
3763:. G. Bell & Daldy. p.
3651:from the original on 9 May 2008
3448:. Jeremy Silman. Archived from
3394:from the original on 9 May 2008
2794:"I grandi matches fino al 1849"
2519:The New Encyclopædia Britannica
1443:Central German Chess Federation
1419:Central German Chess Federation
1373:Vienna International Tournament
1325:Central German Chess Federation
1107:London International Tournament
987:London International Tournament
3245:"I grandi matches 1850 - 1864"
1491:Paris International Tournament
1:
4086:Anderssen Memorial Tournament
4000:The World's Great Chess Games
3965:The Oxford Companion to Chess
3726:"Ready for a big chess match"
3011:The World's Great Chess Games
2586:The World's Great Chess Games
2546:"Adolf Anderssen (1818–1879)"
1353:North German Chess Federation
1194:North German Chess Federation
921:rival..." On the other hand,
801:Adolf Anderssen in later life
110:Breslau, Kingdom of Prussia,
4153:University of Breslau alumni
4079:player profile and games at
3121:(Second ed.). Cardoza.
2999:from Mark Weeks' Chess Pages
2524:Encyclopædia Britannica Inc.
1471:West German Chess Federation
1291:West German Chess Federation
1224:West German Chess Federation
1152:West German Chess Federation
1052:London Chess Club Tournament
699:London 1862 chess tournament
3361:"Schachliteratur 1844–1945"
3228:. Vol. 7. p. 547.
898:Neue Berliner Schachzeitung
441:White to mate in four moves
4184:
4163:19th-century chess players
4143:Chess players from Wrocław
3475:and David Goodman (1986).
3220:"Kolisch, Baron Ignaz Von"
3218:; Porter, A. (1901–1906).
2485:
2458:
2431:
2406:
2379:
2354:
2328:
2304:
2279:
2254:
2229:
2204:
2179:
2154:
2129:
2104:
2079:
2054:
2029:
2004:
1979:
1954:
1929:
1902:
1877:
1848:
1820:Casual games; sources give
1819:
1794:
1769:
1744:
1719:
1694:
1669:
1642:
1615:
1588:
1559:
1500:
1489:
1481:
1465:
1453:
1437:
1429:
1413:
1382:
1371:
1363:
1347:
1335:
1319:
1303:
1285:
1253:
1242:
1234:
1218:
1206:
1188:
1164:
1146:
1116:
1105:
1092:
1076:
1061:Ahead of Karl Meyerhofer,
1060:
1051:
996:
985:
793:Playing strength and style
701:, the first international
458:
120:Karl Ernst Adolf Anderssen
59:Karl Ernst Adolf Anderssen
29:
3119:Unorthodox Chess Openings
1082:British Chess Association
474:Aufgabe für Schachspieler
176:Background and early life
46:
3388:"Chess Notes Archive 15"
3298:"1862 London Tournament"
2825:"1851 London Tournament"
2588:. Dover. pp. 14–17.
1312:, and Wilfried Paulsen.
1127:George Alcock MacDonnell
4096:28 October 2009 at the
4018:Gottschall, Hermann von
2694:"Ludwig Erdmann Bledow"
2089:Jules Arnous de Rivière
1264:Cecil Valentine De Vere
1260:Joseph Henry Blackburne
946:Polish Chess Federation
759:Joseph Henry Blackburne
3874:Shakhmaty do Steinitza
3354:In collaboration with
2917:"Early World Rankings"
2915:Spinrad, J.P. (2006).
2516:"Anderssen, Adolf" in
1822:also separate results:
1209:Johannes von Minckwitz
1098:, then Boden retired.
1015:Hugh Alexander Kennedy
936:Deutsche Schachzeitung
912:
893:Deutsche Schachzeitung
852:
802:
771:Vienna 1873 tournament
737:
703:round-robin tournament
654:that involved several
600:
522:
495:Deutsche Schachzeitung
180:Anderssen was born in
134:, but lost matches to
4046:My Great Predecessors
3983:World Chess Champions
3601:. Arco. p. 191.
2651:Howard, K.S. (1970).
915:Adolf Anderssen, 1858
850:
800:
732:
646:Other games 1851–1862
595:
513:
4133:German chess writers
4128:German chess players
4024:. Elibron Classics.
3919:on 18 September 2011
3888:"Don't Bet the Farm"
3013:. Dover. p. 21.
2860:. Hardinge Simpole.
2858:The Chess Tournament
2771:on 26 September 2007
1625:Tassilo von der Lasa
1571:Tassilo von der Lasa
1274:, von Minckwitz and
725:Steinitz match, 1866
670:and now called the "
605:knock-out tournament
217:Fifty Games between
204:career was teaching
144:World Chess Champion
95:German Confederation
4091:Anderssen's matches
3791:on 15 February 2012
3498:"World Exhibitions"
3425:on 12 November 2007
3419:"I matches 1865/79"
3225:Jewish Encyclopedia
2968:on 16 December 2008
2800:on 12 November 2007
2765:"Chess Periodicals"
2499:List of chess games
1853:+3=3–1 and +2=2–1
1560:Sources vary about
1254:Ahead of Steinitz,
900:from 1864 to 1867.
640:Anderssen's Opening
498:) when its founder
193:Province of Silesia
146:did not yet exist.
27:German chess master
3805:, no. 9/1995, p.74
3584:, McKay 1976, p.17
3446:"Wilhelm Steinitz"
3382:The Chess Openings
3367:on 21 January 2008
2552:on 26 October 2009
2416:Johannes Zukertort
2364:Johannes Zukertort
2264:Johannes Minckwitz
2114:Ignatz von Kolisch
2039:Ignatz von Kolisch
2014:Philipp Hirschfeld
1779:Lionel Kieseritzky
1175:Johannes Zukertort
1027:Lionel Kieseritzky
956:Tournament results
950:Osobowice Cemetery
853:
843:Influence on chess
837:Breslau University
812:, inventor of the
803:
738:
697:Anderssen won the
660:Lionel Kieseritzky
601:
588:Morphy match, 1858
562:Lionel Kieseritzky
523:
463:algebraic notation
461:This example uses
188:, Poland), in the
164:" (1851) and the "
91:Kingdom of Prussia
3886:Taylor Kingston.
3706:on 28 August 2008
3645:"Steinitz Quotes"
3009:Fine, R. (1976).
2922:. chesscafe.com.
2735:. chesscafe.com.
2699:. chesscafe.com.
2657:. Courier Dover.
2635:The Chess Problem
2584:Fine, R. (1976).
2490:
2489:
1851:separate results:
1849:Sources give also
1505:
1504:
1456:Berthold Englisch
1385:Henry Edward Bird
1262:, Louis Paulsen,
1023:Henry Edward Bird
814:Elo rating system
437:
436:
199:(high school) in
117:
116:
16:(Redirected from
4175:
4065:
4035:
3987:Edward G. Winter
3979:
3943:
3942:
3935:
3929:
3928:
3926:
3924:
3915:. Archived from
3909:
3903:
3902:
3900:
3898:
3892:
3883:
3877:
3872:Jakov Neistadt,
3870:
3864:
3863:
3861:
3859:
3844:
3835:
3834:
3832:
3830:
3821:. Archived from
3815:
3806:
3800:
3798:
3796:
3780:
3774:
3768:
3751:
3745:
3744:
3742:
3740:
3730:
3722:
3716:
3715:
3713:
3711:
3702:. Archived from
3696:
3690:
3689:
3687:
3685:
3676:. Archived from
3670:Emanuel Lasker.
3667:
3661:
3660:
3658:
3656:
3640:
3634:
3633:
3631:
3629:
3619:
3613:
3612:
3591:
3585:
3578:
3572:
3567:
3561:
3560:
3558:
3556:
3546:
3540:
3539:
3537:
3535:
3526:. Archived from
3520:
3514:
3513:
3511:
3509:
3500:. Archived from
3494:
3481:
3480:
3469:
3463:
3461:
3459:
3457:
3441:
3435:
3434:
3432:
3430:
3421:. Archived from
3415:
3404:
3403:
3401:
3399:
3378:Wilhelm Steinitz
3376:
3374:
3372:
3363:. Archived from
3352:
3346:
3341:
3335:
3334:
3332:
3330:
3320:
3314:
3313:
3311:
3309:
3294:
3283:
3282:
3280:
3278:
3267:
3261:
3260:
3258:
3256:
3241:
3230:
3229:
3212:
3206:
3205:
3203:
3201:
3191:
3185:
3184:
3182:
3180:
3165:
3159:
3158:
3156:
3154:
3139:
3133:
3132:
3111:
3105:
3104:
3102:
3100:
3086:
3084:
3082:
3073:
3071:
3069:
3059:
3053:
3052:
3024:
3015:
3014:
3006:
3000:
2998:
2996:
2994:
2988:"Morphy Matches"
2984:
2978:
2977:
2975:
2973:
2964:. Archived from
2958:
2939:
2938:
2936:
2934:
2928:
2921:
2912:
2903:
2902:
2900:
2898:
2893:on 29 April 2009
2889:. Archived from
2882:
2876:
2874:Internet Archive
2871:
2850:
2841:
2840:
2838:
2836:
2821:
2810:
2809:
2807:
2805:
2796:. Archived from
2790:
2781:
2780:
2778:
2776:
2767:. Archived from
2761:
2752:
2751:
2749:
2747:
2741:
2734:
2725:
2716:
2715:
2713:
2711:
2705:
2698:
2689:
2676:
2675:
2673:
2671:
2648:
2639:
2638:
2630:
2621:
2620:
2618:
2616:
2607:. Archived from
2601:
2590:
2589:
2581:
2562:
2561:
2559:
2557:
2548:. Archived from
2542:
2527:
2514:
2313:Wilhelm Steinitz
2189:Wilhelm Steinitz
2139:Johann Löwenthal
1804:Johann Löwenthal
1515:
1272:Samuel Rosenthal
1171:Wilfried Paulsen
1135:Wilhelm Steinitz
1067:Frederick Deacon
1035:Johann Löwenthal
1019:Bernhard Horwitz
999:Marmaduke Wyvill
963:
916:
782:Johann Zukertort
742:Wilhelm Steinitz
734:Wilhelm Steinitz
621:Johann Löwenthal
577:Wilhelm Steinitz
570:Marmaduke Wyvill
568:, Staunton, and
342:
341:
335:
334:
328:
327:
321:
320:
314:
313:
307:
306:
300:
299:
293:
292:
287:
286:
246:
140:Wilhelm Steinitz
138:in 1858, and to
107:
83:
81:
51:
39:
21:
18:Adolph Anderssen
4183:
4182:
4178:
4177:
4176:
4174:
4173:
4172:
4138:Chess composers
4108:
4107:
4098:Wayback Machine
4077:Adolf Anderssen
4073:
4062:
4041:Kasparov, Garry
4039:
4032:
4016:
4006:; Dover; 1983.
3989:, editor. 1981
3976:
3954:
3951:
3949:Further reading
3946:
3937:
3936:
3932:
3922:
3920:
3911:
3910:
3906:
3896:
3894:
3893:. chesscafe.com
3890:
3885:
3884:
3880:
3871:
3867:
3857:
3855:
3846:
3845:
3838:
3828:
3826:
3817:
3816:
3809:
3794:
3792:
3783:
3781:
3777:
3755:Howard Staunton
3753:
3752:
3748:
3738:
3736:
3735:. 11 March 1894
3728:
3724:
3723:
3719:
3709:
3707:
3698:
3697:
3693:
3683:
3681:
3673:Manual of Chess
3669:
3668:
3664:
3654:
3652:
3642:
3641:
3637:
3627:
3625:
3621:
3620:
3616:
3609:
3593:
3592:
3588:
3579:
3575:
3568:
3564:
3554:
3552:
3548:
3547:
3543:
3533:
3531:
3522:
3521:
3517:
3507:
3505:
3504:on 19 June 2008
3496:
3495:
3484:
3479:. pp. 1–2.
3471:
3470:
3466:
3455:
3453:
3452:on 19 June 2008
3443:
3442:
3438:
3428:
3426:
3417:
3416:
3407:
3397:
3395:
3385:
3370:
3368:
3359:
3353:
3349:
3342:
3338:
3328:
3326:
3322:
3321:
3317:
3307:
3305:
3296:
3295:
3286:
3276:
3274:
3270:
3268:
3264:
3254:
3252:
3243:
3242:
3233:
3216:Singer, Isidore
3214:
3213:
3209:
3199:
3197:
3193:
3192:
3188:
3178:
3176:
3167:
3166:
3162:
3152:
3150:
3141:
3140:
3136:
3129:
3113:
3112:
3108:
3098:
3096:
3087:
3080:
3078:
3074:
3067:
3065:
3061:
3060:
3056:
3041:10.2307/2982450
3026:
3025:
3018:
3008:
3007:
3003:
2992:
2990:
2986:
2985:
2981:
2971:
2969:
2960:
2959:
2942:
2932:
2930:
2926:
2919:
2914:
2913:
2906:
2896:
2894:
2885:
2883:
2879:
2868:
2852:
2851:
2844:
2834:
2832:
2823:
2822:
2813:
2803:
2801:
2792:
2791:
2784:
2774:
2772:
2763:
2762:
2755:
2745:
2743:
2739:
2732:
2727:
2726:
2719:
2709:
2707:
2703:
2696:
2691:
2690:
2679:
2669:
2667:
2665:
2650:
2649:
2642:
2632:
2631:
2624:
2614:
2612:
2603:
2602:
2593:
2583:
2582:
2565:
2555:
2553:
2544:
2543:
2530:
2515:
2511:
2507:
2495:
1852:
1850:
1833:Daniel Harrwitz
1823:
1821:
1598:Daniel Harrwitz
1561:
1510:
1404:
1393:Philipp Meitner
1391:, Josef Heral,
1300:
1203:
1161:
1138:
1131:Serafino Dubois
1063:Daniel Harrwitz
1042:
1007:Howard Staunton
1003:Elijah Williams
958:
944:. In 1957, the
931:
918:
914:
906:
845:
795:
790:
750:
727:
695:
648:
629:Daniel Harrwitz
590:
535:Howard Staunton
527:Daniel Harrwitz
515:Howard Staunton
508:
482:Berlin Pleiades
470:
469:
468:
467:
466:
456:
455:
454:
453:
452:
451:
442:
344:
343:
336:
329:
322:
315:
308:
301:
294:
284:
243:
237:
232:
178:
109:
105:
85:
79:
77:
42:Adolf Anderssen
35:
32:Adolf Andersson
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4181:
4179:
4171:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4110:
4109:
4106:
4105:
4088:
4083:
4081:Chessgames.com
4072:
4071:External links
4069:
4068:
4067:
4060:
4052:Everyman Chess
4037:
4030:
4014:
3997:
3980:
3974:
3960:Whyld, Kenneth
3950:
3947:
3945:
3944:
3930:
3904:
3878:
3865:
3836:
3825:on 4 July 2009
3807:
3775:
3746:
3733:New York Times
3717:
3691:
3680:on 24 May 2008
3662:
3635:
3614:
3607:
3586:
3573:
3562:
3541:
3515:
3482:
3464:
3436:
3405:
3356:Gustav Neumann
3347:
3336:
3315:
3284:
3262:
3231:
3207:
3186:
3160:
3134:
3127:
3106:
3054:
3035:(1): 120–127.
3016:
3001:
2979:
2940:
2904:
2877:
2866:
2856:(April 2003).
2842:
2811:
2782:
2753:
2717:
2692:Spinrad, J.P.
2677:
2663:
2640:
2622:
2611:on 11 May 2008
2591:
2563:
2528:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2502:
2501:
2494:
2491:
2488:
2487:
2484:
2481:
2478:
2473:
2470:
2465:
2461:
2460:
2457:
2454:
2451:
2446:
2443:
2438:
2434:
2433:
2430:
2427:
2424:
2421:
2418:
2413:
2409:
2408:
2405:
2402:
2399:
2394:
2391:
2386:
2382:
2381:
2378:
2375:
2372:
2369:
2366:
2361:
2357:
2356:
2353:
2350:
2347:
2342:
2339:
2334:
2330:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2321:
2318:
2315:
2310:
2306:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2297:
2294:
2291:
2289:Gustav Neumann
2286:
2282:
2281:
2278:
2275:
2272:
2269:
2266:
2261:
2257:
2256:
2253:
2250:
2247:
2244:
2241:
2236:
2232:
2231:
2228:
2225:
2222:
2219:
2216:
2214:Berthold Suhle
2211:
2207:
2206:
2203:
2200:
2197:
2194:
2191:
2186:
2182:
2181:
2178:
2175:
2172:
2169:
2166:
2161:
2157:
2156:
2153:
2150:
2147:
2144:
2141:
2136:
2132:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2119:
2116:
2111:
2107:
2106:
2103:
2100:
2097:
2094:
2091:
2086:
2082:
2081:
2078:
2075:
2072:
2069:
2066:
2061:
2057:
2056:
2053:
2050:
2047:
2044:
2041:
2036:
2032:
2031:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2011:
2007:
2006:
2003:
2000:
1997:
1994:
1991:
1989:Berthold Suhle
1986:
1982:
1981:
1978:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1966:
1961:
1957:
1956:
1953:
1950:
1947:
1944:
1941:
1936:
1932:
1931:
1928:
1925:
1922:
1917:
1914:
1909:
1905:
1904:
1901:
1898:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1884:
1880:
1879:
1876:
1873:
1870:
1867:
1864:
1859:
1855:
1854:
1847:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1830:
1826:
1825:
1818:
1815:
1812:
1809:
1806:
1801:
1797:
1796:
1793:
1790:
1787:
1784:
1781:
1776:
1772:
1771:
1768:
1765:
1762:
1759:
1756:
1751:
1747:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1734:
1731:
1726:
1722:
1721:
1718:
1715:
1712:
1709:
1706:
1704:Ernst Falkbeer
1701:
1697:
1696:
1693:
1690:
1687:
1684:
1681:
1676:
1672:
1671:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1657:
1654:
1649:
1645:
1644:
1641:
1638:
1635:
1630:
1627:
1622:
1618:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1603:
1600:
1595:
1591:
1590:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1576:
1573:
1568:
1564:
1563:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1547:
1544:
1539:
1535:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1519:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1502:
1499:
1496:
1493:
1488:
1484:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1464:
1460:
1459:
1452:
1449:
1446:
1436:
1432:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1412:
1408:
1407:
1397:Oscar Gelbfuhs
1381:
1378:
1375:
1370:
1366:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1346:
1342:
1341:
1336:Anderssen and
1334:
1331:
1328:
1318:
1314:
1313:
1302:
1297:
1294:
1284:
1280:
1279:
1268:Szymon Winawer
1256:Gustav Neumann
1252:
1249:
1246:
1241:
1237:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1217:
1213:
1212:
1205:
1200:
1197:
1187:
1183:
1182:
1179:Emil Schallopp
1165:Anderssen and
1163:
1158:
1155:
1145:
1141:
1140:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1104:
1100:
1099:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1075:
1071:
1070:
1059:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1046:
1045:
995:
992:
989:
984:
980:
979:
976:
973:
970:
967:
957:
954:
930:
927:
907:
905:
902:
890:(later called
876:over-the-board
861:Evergreen Game
844:
841:
794:
791:
789:
786:
755:Gustav Neumann
749:
746:
726:
723:
719:Berthold Suhle
694:
691:
672:Evergreen Game
647:
644:
589:
586:
546:Ernst Falkbeer
507:
504:
492:(later called
478:chess problems
460:
459:
457:
443:
440:
439:
438:
435:
434:
432:
429:
426:
423:
420:
417:
414:
411:
408:
405:
404:
401:
397:
396:
393:
389:
388:
385:
381:
380:
377:
373:
372:
369:
365:
364:
361:
357:
356:
353:
349:
348:
345:
337:
330:
323:
316:
309:
302:
295:
288:
282:
280:
276:
275:
273:
270:
267:
264:
261:
258:
255:
252:
249:
244:
241:
240:
239:
238:
236:
233:
231:
228:
177:
174:
170:chess problems
166:Evergreen Game
115:
114:
108:(aged 60)
102:
98:
97:
75:
71:
70:
65:
61:
60:
57:
56:Full name
53:
52:
44:
43:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4180:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4115:
4113:
4103:
4099:
4095:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4078:
4075:
4074:
4070:
4063:
4061:1-85744-330-6
4057:
4053:
4049:
4047:
4042:
4038:
4033:
4031:0-543-77333-7
4027:
4023:
4019:
4015:
4013:
4012:0-486-24512-8
4009:
4005:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3995:0-08-024094-1
3992:
3988:
3984:
3981:
3977:
3975:0-19-280049-3
3971:
3967:
3966:
3961:
3957:
3956:Hooper, David
3953:
3952:
3948:
3940:
3934:
3931:
3918:
3914:
3908:
3905:
3889:
3882:
3879:
3875:
3869:
3866:
3853:
3849:
3843:
3841:
3837:
3824:
3820:
3814:
3812:
3808:
3804:
3790:
3786:
3779:
3776:
3772:
3766:
3762:
3761:
3756:
3750:
3747:
3734:
3727:
3721:
3718:
3705:
3701:
3695:
3692:
3679:
3675:
3674:
3666:
3663:
3650:
3646:
3639:
3636:
3624:
3618:
3615:
3610:
3608:0-668-04721-6
3604:
3600:
3596:
3590:
3587:
3583:
3577:
3574:
3571:
3566:
3563:
3551:
3545:
3542:
3530:on 2 May 2007
3529:
3525:
3519:
3516:
3503:
3499:
3493:
3491:
3489:
3487:
3483:
3478:
3474:
3473:Raymond Keene
3468:
3465:
3451:
3447:
3440:
3437:
3424:
3420:
3414:
3412:
3410:
3406:
3393:
3389:
3383:
3379:
3366:
3362:
3357:
3351:
3348:
3345:
3340:
3337:
3325:
3319:
3316:
3303:
3299:
3293:
3291:
3289:
3285:
3273:
3266:
3263:
3250:
3246:
3240:
3238:
3236:
3232:
3227:
3226:
3221:
3217:
3211:
3208:
3196:
3190:
3187:
3174:
3170:
3164:
3161:
3148:
3144:
3138:
3135:
3130:
3128:1-58042-072-9
3124:
3120:
3116:
3115:Eric Schiller
3110:
3107:
3094:
3090:
3077:
3064:
3058:
3055:
3050:
3046:
3042:
3038:
3034:
3030:
3023:
3021:
3017:
3012:
3005:
3002:
2989:
2983:
2980:
2967:
2963:
2957:
2955:
2953:
2951:
2949:
2947:
2945:
2941:
2925:
2918:
2911:
2909:
2905:
2892:
2888:
2881:
2878:
2875:
2869:
2867:1-84382-089-7
2863:
2859:
2855:
2849:
2847:
2843:
2830:
2826:
2820:
2818:
2816:
2812:
2799:
2795:
2789:
2787:
2783:
2770:
2766:
2760:
2758:
2754:
2738:
2731:
2724:
2722:
2718:
2702:
2695:
2688:
2686:
2684:
2682:
2678:
2666:
2664:0-486-22522-4
2660:
2656:
2655:
2647:
2645:
2641:
2636:
2629:
2627:
2623:
2610:
2606:
2600:
2598:
2596:
2592:
2587:
2580:
2578:
2576:
2574:
2572:
2570:
2568:
2564:
2551:
2547:
2541:
2539:
2537:
2535:
2533:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2520:
2513:
2510:
2504:
2500:
2497:
2496:
2492:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2468:Louis Paulsen
2466:
2463:
2462:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2441:Louis Paulsen
2439:
2436:
2435:
2428:
2425:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2411:
2410:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2389:Louis Paulsen
2387:
2384:
2383:
2376:
2373:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2359:
2358:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2337:Samuel Mieses
2335:
2332:
2331:
2325:
2322:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2308:
2307:
2301:
2298:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2284:
2283:
2276:
2273:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2259:
2258:
2251:
2248:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2234:
2233:
2226:
2223:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2209:
2208:
2205:Casual games
2201:
2198:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2184:
2183:
2176:
2173:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2164:Louis Paulsen
2162:
2159:
2158:
2155:Casual games
2151:
2148:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2134:
2133:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2109:
2108:
2101:
2098:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2083:
2076:
2073:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2064:Paul Journoud
2062:
2059:
2058:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2026:
2023:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2009:
2008:
2005:Casual games
2001:
1998:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1984:
1983:
1976:
1973:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1964:Jean Dufresne
1962:
1959:
1958:
1951:
1948:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1934:
1933:
1930:Casual games
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1907:
1906:
1903:Casual games
1899:
1896:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1881:
1874:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1857:
1856:
1845:
1842:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1828:
1827:
1816:
1813:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1799:
1798:
1795:Casual games
1791:
1788:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1774:
1773:
1770:Casual games
1766:
1763:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1748:
1741:
1738:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1724:
1723:
1716:
1713:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1698:
1691:
1688:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1679:Jean Dufresne
1677:
1674:
1673:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1652:Karl Pitschel
1650:
1647:
1646:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1620:
1619:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1593:
1592:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1565:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1542:Ludwig Bledow
1540:
1537:
1536:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1516:
1513:
1508:Match results
1507:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1486:
1485:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1468:
1462:
1461:
1457:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1440:
1434:
1433:
1427:3½/5 then 2/2
1426:
1423:
1420:
1416:
1410:
1409:
1403:and Pitschel.
1402:
1401:Adolf Schwarz
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1368:
1367:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1350:
1344:
1343:
1339:
1338:Samuel Mieses
1333:4½/5 then 1/1
1332:
1329:
1326:
1322:
1316:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1306:Karl Pitschel
1298:
1295:
1292:
1288:
1282:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1239:
1238:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1221:
1215:
1214:
1210:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1191:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1149:
1143:
1142:
1137:and 8 others.
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1119:Louis Paulsen
1113:
1110:
1108:
1102:
1101:
1097:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1079:
1073:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1057:
1054:
1048:
1047:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
993:
990:
988:
982:
981:
974:
971:
968:
965:
964:
961:
955:
953:
951:
947:
943:
938:
937:
928:
926:
924:
917:
911:
903:
901:
899:
895:
894:
889:
884:
881:
877:
873:
872:chess problem
868:
864:
862:
858:
857:Immortal Game
849:
842:
840:
838:
833:
831:
826:
821:
819:
815:
811:
807:
799:
792:
787:
785:
783:
777:
774:
772:
768:
764:
763:Louis Paulsen
760:
756:
747:
745:
743:
735:
731:
724:
722:
720:
714:
712:
711:Louis Paulsen
708:
704:
700:
692:
690:
688:
687:Ignác Kolisch
683:
681:
677:
673:
669:
668:Jean Dufresne
665:
664:Immortal Game
661:
657:
653:
645:
643:
641:
636:
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
598:
594:
587:
585:
582:
578:
573:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
554:Jean Dufresne
551:
547:
543:
538:
536:
532:
528:
520:
516:
512:
505:
503:
501:
500:Ludwig Bledow
497:
496:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
464:
450:
446:
433:
430:
427:
424:
421:
418:
415:
412:
409:
407:
406:
402:
399:
398:
394:
391:
390:
386:
383:
382:
378:
375:
374:
370:
367:
366:
362:
359:
358:
354:
351:
350:
346:
278:
277:
274:
271:
268:
265:
262:
259:
256:
253:
250:
248:
247:
234:
229:
227:
225:
224:
220:
219:Labourdonnais
214:
213:William Lewis
209:
207:
202:
198:
194:
191:
187:
183:
175:
173:
171:
167:
163:
162:Immortal Game
159:
154:
152:
147:
145:
141:
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
113:
112:German Empire
104:13 March 1879
103:
99:
96:
92:
88:
76:
72:
69:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
45:
40:
37:
33:
19:
4044:
4021:
3999:
3982:
3963:
3933:
3921:. Retrieved
3917:the original
3907:
3895:. Retrieved
3881:
3873:
3868:
3856:. Retrieved
3827:. Retrieved
3823:the original
3803:SchachReport
3802:
3793:. Retrieved
3789:the original
3778:
3759:
3749:
3737:. Retrieved
3732:
3720:
3708:. Retrieved
3704:the original
3694:
3682:. Retrieved
3678:the original
3672:
3665:
3653:. Retrieved
3638:
3626:. Retrieved
3617:
3598:
3589:
3576:
3565:
3553:. Retrieved
3544:
3532:. Retrieved
3528:the original
3518:
3506:. Retrieved
3502:the original
3476:
3467:
3454:. Retrieved
3450:the original
3439:
3427:. Retrieved
3423:the original
3396:. Retrieved
3384:" quoted at
3381:
3369:. Retrieved
3365:the original
3350:
3339:
3327:. Retrieved
3318:
3306:. Retrieved
3275:. Retrieved
3265:
3253:. Retrieved
3223:
3210:
3198:. Retrieved
3189:
3177:. Retrieved
3163:
3151:. Retrieved
3137:
3118:
3109:
3097:. Retrieved
3079:. Retrieved
3066:. Retrieved
3057:
3032:
3028:
3010:
3004:
2991:. Retrieved
2982:
2970:. Retrieved
2966:the original
2931:. Retrieved
2895:. Retrieved
2891:the original
2880:
2857:
2854:Staunton, H.
2833:. Retrieved
2802:. Retrieved
2798:the original
2773:. Retrieved
2769:the original
2744:. Retrieved
2728:Diggle,G.H.
2708:. Retrieved
2668:. Retrieved
2653:
2634:
2613:. Retrieved
2609:the original
2585:
2554:. Retrieved
2550:the original
2517:
2512:
1754:Eduard Jenay
1511:
1389:Max Fleissig
1380:8½/11: 19/30
1096:Samuel Boden
959:
934:
932:
919:
913:
909:
897:
891:
887:
885:
869:
865:
854:
834:
822:
818:Chessmetrics
808:
804:
778:
775:
751:
739:
715:
696:
684:
652:combinations
649:
637:
632:
602:
574:
539:
524:
493:
489:
473:
471:
444:
230:Chess career
216:
210:
184:(now called
179:
155:
148:
124:chess master
119:
118:
106:(1879-03-13)
36:
4123:1879 deaths
4118:1818 births
4104:2009-10-24)
4004:Reuben Fine
3795:19 November
3643:Winter, E.
3582:Reuben Fine
3444:Silman, J.
3386:Winter, E.
2730:"The Baron"
2522:. Chicago:
2397:Baden-Baden
1887:Paul Morphy
1862:Paul Morphy
1562:the score.
1310:Carl Göring
1276:Adolf Stern
1121:, (11/13),
1039:Edward Löwe
1011:József Szén
923:Reuben Fine
904:Personality
825:king's-side
693:London 1862
680:minor piece
623:, the Rev.
613:Paul Morphy
597:Paul Morphy
566:József Szén
506:London 1851
235:First steps
206:mathematics
158:sacrificial
136:Paul Morphy
84:6 July 1818
4112:Categories
3595:Elo, Arpad
3550:"Formulas"
2505:References
2239:Carl Mayet
1939:Carl Mayet
1729:Carl Mayet
1078:Manchester
1031:Carl Mayet
880:sacrifices
788:Assessment
656:sacrifices
609:Manchester
542:Carl Mayet
80:1818-07-06
4020:(2006) .
3771:Max Lange
1912:Max Lange
1567:1845–1846
1512:Sources:
1467:Frankfurt
1406:scoring.
1204:then 1½/2
1167:Max Lange
1125:(10/13),
1123:Rev. Owen
1117:Ahead of
997:Ahead of
960:Sources:
830:Makogonov
810:Arpad Elo
748:1866–1879
707:John Owen
625:John Owen
558:knock-out
550:Max Lange
445:Solution:
223:McDonnell
197:gymnasium
4102:Archived
4094:Archived
4048:, part I
4043:(2003).
3962:(1992).
3852:Archived
3757:(1871).
3649:Archived
3597:(1978).
3392:Archived
3302:Archived
3249:Archived
3173:Archived
3147:Archived
3117:(2002).
3093:Archived
2924:Archived
2829:Archived
2737:Archived
2701:Archived
2493:See also
2027:+14=5–10
2002:+27=8–13
1527:Location
1521:Opponent
1301:then 1/2
1162:then 0/1
969:Location
859:and the
635:player.
226:(1835).
190:Prussian
3923:26 June
3897:26 June
3858:17 June
3829:17 June
3739:17 June
3710:17 June
3684:17 June
3655:17 June
3628:17 June
3555:17 June
3534:17 June
3508:17 June
3456:17 June
3429:17 June
3398:17 June
3371:17 June
3329:17 June
3308:17 June
3277:17 June
3255:17 June
3200:17 June
3179:17 June
3153:17 June
3099:17 June
3081:17 June
3068:17 June
3049:2982450
2993:17 June
2972:17 June
2933:17 June
2897:17 June
2835:17 June
2804:17 June
2775:17 June
2746:17 June
2710:17 June
2670:17 June
2615:17 June
2556:17 June
2486:
2476:Leipzig
2459:
2449:Leipzig
2432:
2407:
2380:
2355:
2345:Breslau
2302:+9=2–13
2280:
2255:
2230:
2180:
2130:
2105:
2080:
2055:
2030:
1980:
1955:
1920:Breslau
1878:
1745:
1720:
1695:
1692:+12=2–4
1670:
1660:Leipzig
1643:
1633:Breslau
1616:
1606:Breslau
1589:
1579:Breslau
1550:Breslau
1439:Leipzig
1415:Leipzig
1321:Leipzig
1287:Krefeld
1190:Hamburg
942:Wrocław
736:in 1866
215:' book
201:Breslau
186:Wrocław
182:Breslau
87:Breslau
68:Prussia
64:Country
4058:
4028:
4010:
3993:
3972:
3605:
3125:
3047:
2864:
2661:
2483:+3=1–5
2456:+4=1–5
2429:+2=0–5
2423:Berlin
2404:+0=1–2
2377:+8=1–3
2371:Berlin
2352:+4=1–0
2326:+6=0–8
2320:London
2296:Berlin
2277:+8=1–3
2271:Berlin
2252:+5=1–2
2246:Berlin
2227:+3=2–3
2221:Berlin
2202:+2=0–1
2196:London
2177:+3=2–3
2171:London
2152:+2=0–1
2146:London
2127:+4=2–3
2121:London
2102:+2=1–2
2077:+3=1–1
2052:+5=1–5
2024:16½/29
2021:Berlin
1996:Berlin
1977:+4=0–0
1971:Berlin
1952:+7=0–1
1946:Berlin
1927:+3=1–4
1900:+1=0-5
1875:+2=2–7
1846:+3=2–1
1817:+5=1–2
1811:London
1792:+5=2–4
1786:London
1767:+?=?–?
1761:London
1742:+4=0–0
1736:Berlin
1717:+4=0–1
1711:Berlin
1686:Berlin
1667:+1=2–1
1640:+?=?–?
1613:+5=0–5
1586:+2=0–4
1557:+0=1–4
1533:Notes
1524:Result
1498:12½/22
1349:Altona
1220:Barmen
1177:, and
1148:Aachen
978:Notes
678:and a
633:active
3891:(PDF)
3729:(PDF)
3045:JSTOR
2927:(PDF)
2920:(PDF)
2740:(PDF)
2733:(PDF)
2704:(PDF)
2697:(PDF)
2453:4½/10
2374:8½/12
2299:10/24
2274:8½/12
2096:Paris
2071:Paris
2049:5½/11
2046:Paris
1999:31/48
1894:Paris
1869:Paris
1840:Paris
1689:13/18
1530:Score
1451:8½/11
1251:11/18
1114:12/13
994:15/21
975:Score
972:Place
929:Death
676:queen
617:draws
4056:ISBN
4026:ISBN
4008:ISBN
3991:ISBN
3970:ISBN
3925:2010
3899:2010
3860:2008
3831:2008
3797:2008
3741:2008
3712:2008
3686:2008
3657:2008
3630:2008
3603:ISBN
3557:2008
3536:2008
3510:2008
3458:2008
3431:2008
3400:2008
3373:2008
3331:2008
3310:2008
3279:2008
3257:2008
3202:2008
3181:2008
3155:2008
3123:ISBN
3101:2008
3083:2008
3070:2008
2995:2008
2974:2008
2935:2008
2899:2008
2862:ISBN
2837:2008
2806:2008
2777:2008
2748:2008
2712:2008
2672:2008
2659:ISBN
2617:2008
2558:2008
2480:3½/9
2472:Lost
2464:1877
2445:Lost
2437:1876
2420:Lost
2412:1871
2393:Lost
2385:1870
2360:1868
2349:4½/5
2333:1867
2323:6/14
2317:Lost
2309:1866
2293:Lost
2285:1866
2260:1866
2249:5½/8
2235:1865
2218:Drew
2210:1864
2185:1862
2168:Drew
2160:1862
2135:1861
2110:1861
2099:2½/5
2093:Drew
2085:1860
2074:3½/5
2060:1860
2043:Drew
2035:1860
2010:1860
1985:1859
1960:1859
1935:1859
1924:3½/8
1916:Lost
1908:1859
1891:lost
1883:1858
1872:3/11
1866:Lost
1858:1858
1829:1858
1814:5½/8
1800:1851
1789:6/16
1775:1851
1764:4½/8
1750:1851
1725:1851
1700:1851
1675:1851
1656:Drew
1648:1851
1637:5/15
1629:Lost
1621:1851
1610:5/10
1602:Drew
1594:1848
1575:Lost
1546:Lost
1538:1845
1518:Date
1487:1878
1463:1878
1435:1877
1411:1876
1369:1873
1361:3½/4
1345:1872
1317:1871
1299:4/5
1283:1871
1240:1870
1216:1869
1202:4/5
1186:1869
1160:3/4
1144:1868
1103:1862
1074:1857
1058:7½/8
1049:1851
983:1851
966:Date
627:and
552:and
221:and
132:1862
130:and
128:1851
101:Died
74:Born
4002:by
3985:by
3765:502
3037:doi
3033:126
2426:2/7
2401:½/3
2368:Won
2341:Won
2268:Won
2243:Won
2224:4/8
2199:2/3
2193:Won
2174:4/8
2149:2/3
2143:Won
2124:5/9
2118:Won
2068:Won
2018:Won
1993:Won
1974:4/4
1968:Won
1949:7/8
1943:Won
1897:1/6
1843:4/6
1837:Won
1808:Won
1783:Won
1758:Won
1739:4/4
1733:Won
1714:4/5
1708:Won
1683:Won
1664:2/4
1583:2/6
1554:½/5
1479:6/9
1232:5/5
1090:1/2
1087:3/4
607:at
4114::
4054:.
4050:.
3958:;
3850:.
3839:^
3810:^
3731:.
3647:.
3485:^
3408:^
3390:.
3300:.
3287:^
3247:.
3234:^
3222:.
3171:.
3145:.
3091:.
3043:.
3031:.
3019:^
2943:^
2907:^
2845:^
2827:.
2814:^
2785:^
2756:^
2720:^
2680:^
2643:^
2625:^
2594:^
2566:^
2531:^
1448:2=
1424:1=
1399:,
1395:,
1387:,
1330:1=
1308:,
1296:1=
1278:.
1270:,
1266:,
1258:,
1199:1=
1181:.
1173:,
1157:1=
1133:,
1129:,
1065:,
1037:,
1033:,
1029:,
1025:,
1021:,
1017:,
1013:,
1009:,
1005:,
1001:,
952:.
761:,
757:,
682:.
564:,
548:,
544:,
93:,
89:,
4100:(
4064:.
4034:.
3978:.
3941:.
3927:.
3901:.
3862:.
3833:.
3799:.
3773:)
3767:.
3743:.
3714:.
3688:.
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3538:.
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3433:.
3402:.
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2560:.
1495:6
1476:3
1473:)
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1421:)
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1377:3
1358:1
1355:)
1351:(
1327:)
1323:(
1293:)
1289:(
1248:1
1229:1
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1111:1
1084:)
1080:(
1055:1
991:1
465:.
449:#
431:h
428:g
425:f
422:e
419:d
416:c
413:b
410:a
403:1
400:1
395:2
392:2
387:3
384:3
379:4
376:4
371:5
368:5
363:6
360:6
355:7
352:7
347:8
279:8
272:h
269:g
266:f
263:e
260:d
257:c
254:b
251:a
82:)
78:(
34:.
20:)
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