Parallel ATA - Knowledge (XXG)

1472:. This allows each device on the cable to transfer data at its own best speed. Even with earlier adapters without independent timing, this effect applies only to the data transfer phase of a read or write operation. This is caused by the omission of both overlapped and queued feature sets from most parallel ATA products. Only one device on a cable can perform a read or write operation at one time; therefore, a fast device on the same cable as a slow device under heavy use will find it has to wait for the slow device to complete its task first. However, most modern devices will report write operations as complete once the data is stored in their onboard cache memory, before the data is written to the (slow) magnetic storage. This allows commands to be sent to the other device on the cable, reducing the impact of the "one operation at a time" limit. The impact of this on a system's performance depends on the application. For example, when copying data from an optical drive to a hard drive (such as during software installation), this effect probably will not matter. Such jobs are necessarily limited by the speed of the optical drive no matter where it is. But if the hard drive in question is also expected to provide good throughput for other tasks at the same time, it probably should not be on the same cable as the optical drive. 1613:

DEVICE" ATA command. There is an attempt limit, normally set to 5, after which the disk must be power cycled or hard-reset before unlocking can be attempted again. Also in High security mode, the SECURITY ERASE UNIT command can be used with either the User or Master password. In Maximum security mode, the device can be unlocked only with the User password. If the User password is not available, the only remaining way to get at least the bare hardware back to a usable state is to issue the SECURITY ERASE PREPARE command, immediately followed by SECURITY ERASE UNIT. In Maximum security mode, the SECURITY ERASE UNIT command requires the Master password and will completely erase all data on the disk. Word 89 in the IDENTIFY response indicates how long the operation will take. While the ATA lock is intended to be impossible to defeat without a valid password, there are purported workarounds to unlock a device.

1574:" (TCQ), a reference to a set of features from SCSI which the ATA version attempts to emulate. However, support for these is extremely rare in actual parallel ATA products and device drivers because these feature sets were implemented in such a way as to maintain software compatibility with its heritage as originally an extension of the ISA bus. This implementation resulted in excessive CPU utilization which largely negated the advantages of command queuing. By contrast, overlapped and queued operations have been common in other storage buses; in particular, SCSI's version of tagged command queuing had no need to be compatible with APIs designed for ISA, allowing it to attain high performance with low overhead on buses which supported first party DMA like PCI. This has long been seen as a major advantage of SCSI. 757: 1322: 2629: 1645: 1653:

alongside, or on top of the computer case, and the standard cable length is too short to permit this. For ease of reach from motherboard to device, the connectors tend to be positioned towards the front edge of motherboards, for connection to devices protruding from the front of the computer case. This front-edge position makes extension out the back to an external device even more difficult. Ribbon cables are poorly shielded, and the standard relies upon the cabling to be installed inside a shielded computer case to meet RF emissions limits.

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ground conductors to the ground pins, while the connectors for the 40-conductor cable connect ground conductors to ground pins one-to-one. 80-conductor cables usually come with three differently colored connectors (blue, black, and gray for controller, master drive, and slave drive respectively) as opposed to uniformly colored 40-conductor cable's connectors (commonly all gray). The gray connector on 80-conductor cables has pin 28 CSEL not connected, making it the slave position for drives configured cable select.

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earlier ST-506 interface, but were generally meaningless for ATA—the CHS parameters for later ATA large drives often specified impossibly high numbers of heads or sectors that did not actually define the internal physical layout of the drive at all. From the start, and up to ATA-2, every user had to specify explicitly how large every attached drive was. From ATA-2 on, an "identify drive" command was implemented that can be sent and which will return all drive parameters.

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unlocked. A device can have two passwords: A User Password and a Master Password; either or both may be set. There is a Master Password identifier feature which, if supported and used, can identify the current Master Password (without disclosing it). The Master Password, if set, can used by the administrator to cancel two (Master and User) passwords if the end user forgot the User Password. On some laptops and some business computers, their

812:, the bridge was especially simple in case of an ATA connector being located on an ISA interface card. The integrated controller presented the drive to the host computer as an array of 512-byte blocks with a relatively simple command interface. This relieved the mainboard and interface cards in the host computer of the chores of stepping the disk head arm, moving the head arm in and out, and so on, as had to be done with earlier 4662: 1216:, for example the Intel ICH10, had removed support for PATA. Motherboard vendors still wishing to offer Parallel ATA with those chipsets must include an additional interface chip. In more recent computers, the Parallel ATA interface is rarely used even if present, as four or more Serial ATA connectors are usually provided on the motherboard and SATA devices of all types are common. 729:. The original ATA specifications published by the standards committees use the name "AT Attachment". The "AT" in the IBM PC/AT referred to "Advanced Technology" so ATA has also been referred to as "Advanced Technology Attachment". When a newer Serial ATA (SATA) was introduced in 2003, the original ATA was renamed to Parallel ATA, or PATA for short. 47: 1330: 205: 1684:

rotational latency. Hard drive performance under most workloads is limited first and second by those two factors; the transfer rate on the bus is a distant third in importance. Therefore, transfer speed limits above 66 MB/s really affect performance only when the hard drive can satisfy all I/O requests by reading from its internal

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host interface. A useful mental model is that the host ATA interface is busy with the first request for its entire duration, and therefore can not be told about another request until the first one is complete. The function of serializing requests to the interface is usually performed by a device driver in the host operating system.

902:(SFF) allowed ATA to be used for a variety of other devices that require functions beyond those necessary for hard disk drives. For example, any removable media device needs a "media eject" command, and a way for the host to determine whether the media is present, and these were not provided in the ATA protocol. 1558:) device on a two-drive cable, using the black connector, there is no cable stub to cause reflections (the unused connector is now in the middle of the ribbon). Also, cable select is now implemented in the grey middle device connector, usually simply by omitting the pin 28 contact from the connector body. 777:(the initial customer), they worked with various disk drive manufacturers to develop and ship early products with the goal of remaining software compatible with the existing IBM PC hard drive interface. The first such drives appeared internally in Compaq PCs in 1986 and were first separately offered by 2587:

A BIOS implementing ARMD allows the user to include ARMD devices in the boot search order. Usually an ARMD device is configured earlier in the boot order than the hard drive. Similarly to a floppy drive, if bootable media is present in the ARMD drive, the BIOS will boot from it; if not, the BIOS will

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There are many debates about how much a slow device can impact the performance of a faster device on the same cable. On early ATA host adapters, both devices' data transfers can be constrained to the speed of the slower device, if two devices of different speed capabilities are on the same cable. For

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Example of a 1992 80386 PC motherboard with nothing built in other than memory, keyboard, processor, cache, realtime clock, and slots. Such basic motherboards could have been outfitted with either the ST-506 or ATA interface, but usually not both. A single 2-drive ATA interface and a floppy interface

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The following table shows the names of the versions of the ATA standards and the transfer modes and rates supported by each. Note that the transfer rate for each mode (for example, 66.7 MB/s for UDMA4, commonly called "Ultra-DMA 66", defined by ATA-5) gives its maximum theoretical transfer rate

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Parallel ATA (then simply called ATA or IDE) became the primary storage device interface for PCs soon after its introduction. In some systems, a third and fourth motherboard interface was provided, allowing up to eight ATA devices to be attached to the motherboard. Often, these additional connectors

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The parallel ATA protocols up through ATA-3 require that once a command has been given on an ATA interface, it must complete before any subsequent command may be given. Operations on the devices must be serialized‍—‌with only one operation in progress at a time‍—‌with respect to the ATA

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manually, this configuration does not need to correspond to their position on the cable. Pin 28 is only used to let the drives know their position on the cable; it is not used by the host when communicating with the drives. In other words, the manual master/slave setting using jumpers on the drives

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commands and responses; therefore, all ATAPI devices are actually "speaking SCSI" other than at the electrical interface. The SCSI commands and responses are embedded in "packets" (hence "ATA Packet Interface") for transmission on the ATA cable. This allows any device class for which a SCSI command

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Parallel ATA cables have a maximum allowable length of 18 in (457 mm). Because of this limit, the technology normally appears as an internal computer storage interface. For many years, ATA provided the most common and the least expensive interface for this application. It has largely been

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is essentially a miniaturized ATA interface, intended for use on devices that use flash memory storage. No interfacing chips or circuitry are required, other than to directly adapt the smaller CF socket onto the larger ATA connector. (Although most CF cards only support IDE mode up to PIO4, making

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There are two variants of ARMD, ARMD-FDD and ARMD-HDD. Originally ARMD caused the devices to appear as a sort of very large floppy drive, either the primary floppy drive device 00h or the secondary device 01h. Some operating systems required code changes to support floppy disks with capacities far

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External hard disk drives or optical disk drives that have an internal PATA interface, use some other interface technology to bridge the distance between the external device and the computer. USB is the most common external interface, followed by Firewire. A bridge chip inside the external devices

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A device can be locked in two modes: High security mode or Maximum security mode. Bit 8 in word 128 of the IDENTIFY response shows which mode the disk is in: 0 = High, 1 = Maximum. In High security mode, the device can be unlocked with either the User or Master password, using the "SECURITY UNLOCK

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The ATA connector specification does not include pins for supplying power to a CF device, so power is inserted into the connector from a separate source. The exception to this is when the CF device is connected to a 44-pin ATA bus designed for 2.5-inch hard disk drives, commonly found in notebook

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Due to a short cable length specification and shielding issues it is extremely uncommon to find external PATA devices that directly use PATA for connection to a computer. A device connected externally needs additional cable length to form a U-shaped bend so that the external device may be placed

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ATA devices may support an optional security feature which is defined in an ATA specification, and thus not specific to any brand or device. The security feature can be enabled and disabled by sending special ATA commands to the drive. If a device is locked, it will refuse all access until it is

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Though the number of conductors doubled, the number of connector pins and the pinout remain the same as 40-conductor cables, and the external appearance of the connectors is identical. Internally, the connectors are different; the connectors for the 80-conductor cable connect a larger number of

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BIOS using a type number (1 through 45) that predefined the C/H/S parameters and also often the landing zone, in which the drive heads are parked while not in use. Later, a "user definable" format called C/H/S or cylinders, heads, sectors was made available. These numbers were important for the

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for different speed enhancements to the ATA/ATAPI standards. For example, in 2000 Western Digital published a document describing "Ultra ATA/100", which brought performance improvements for the then-current ATA/ATAPI-5 standard by improving maximum speed of the Parallel ATA interface from 66 to

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hard drives. All of these low-level details of the mechanical operation of the drive were now handled by the controller on the drive itself. This also eliminated the need to design a single controller that could handle many different types of drives, since the controller could be unique for the

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to detect errors in data transfer between the controller and drive. This is a 16-bit CRC, and it is used for data blocks only. Transmission of command and status blocks do not use the fast signaling methods that would necessitate CRC. For comparison, in Serial ATA, 32-bit CRC is used for both

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It was eventually determined that these size limitations could be overridden with a small program loaded at startup from a hard drive's boot sector. Some hard drive manufacturers, such as Western Digital, started including these override utilities with large hard drives to help overcome these

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In 1994, about the same time that the ATA-1 standard was adopted, Western Digital introduced drives under a newer name, Enhanced IDE (EIDE). These included most of the features of the forthcoming ATA-2 specification and several additional enhancements. Other manufacturers introduced their own

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on the middle connector. This arrangement eventually was standardized in later versions. However, it had one drawback: if there is just one master device on a 2-drive cable, using the middle connector, this results in an unused stub of cable, which is undesirable for physical convenience and

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existed in 2005 that were capable of measured sustained transfer rates of above 80 MB/s. Furthermore, sustained transfer rate tests do not give realistic throughput expectations for most workloads: They use I/O loads specifically designed to encounter almost no delays from seek time or

1254:-inch pitch), with a gap or key at pin 20. Earlier connectors may not have that gap, with all 40 pins available. Thus, later cables with the gap filled in are incompatible with earlier connectors, although earlier cables are compatible with later connectors. 973:" transfer modes. These initially supported speeds from 16 to 33 MB/s. In later versions, faster Ultra DMA modes were added, requiring new 80-wire cables to reduce crosstalk. The latest versions of Parallel ATA support up to 133 MB/s. 1140:). As a consequence, any ATA drive of capacity larger than about 137 GB must be an ATA-6 or later drive. Connecting such a drive to a host with an ATA-5 or earlier interface will limit the usable capacity to the maximum of the interface. 1088:

problems. However, if the computer was booted in some other manner without loading the special utility, the invalid BIOS settings would be used and the drive could either be inaccessible or appear to the operating system to be damaged.

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Owing to a lack of foresight by motherboard manufacturers, the system BIOS was often hobbled by artificial C/H/S size limitations due to the manufacturer assuming certain values would never exceed a particular numerical maximum.

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interfacing with the rest of the computer system. The remaining connector(s) plug into storage devices, most commonly hard disk drives or optical drives. Each connector has 39 physical pins arranged into two rows (2.54 mm,

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ATAPI devices with removable media, other than CD and DVD drives, are classified as ARMD (ATAPI Removable Media Device) and can appear as either a super-floppy (non-partitioned media) or a hard drive (partitioned media) to the

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ATA's cables have had 40 conductors for most of its history (44 conductors for the smaller form-factor version used for 2.5" drives—the extra four for power), but an 80-conductor version appeared with the introduction of the

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Pin 28 of the gray (slave/middle) connector of an 80-conductor cable is not attached to any conductor of the cable. It is attached normally on the black (master drive end) and blue (motherboard end) connectors. This enables

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and is not used. This pin's socket on the female connector is often obstructed, requiring pin 20 to be omitted from the male cable or drive connector; it is thus impossible to plug it in the wrong way round. However, some

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device. However, existing BIOS standards did not support these devices. An ARMD-compliant BIOS allows these devices to be booted from and used under the operating system without requiring device-specific code in the OS.

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entire disks the built-in Secure Erase command is effective when implemented correctly. There have been a few reported instances of failures to erase some or all data. On some laptops and some business computers, their

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A 44-pin variant PATA connector is used for 2.5 inch drives inside laptops. The pins are closer together (2.0 mm pitch) and the connector is physically smaller than the 40-pin connector. The extra pins carry power.

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Pin 34 is connected to ground inside the blue connector of an 80-conductor cable but not attached to any conductor of the cable, allowing for detection of such a cable. It is attached normally on the gray and black

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3.1.7 Device: Device is a storage peripheral. Traditionally, a device on the ATA interface has been a hard disk drive, but any form of storage device may be placed on the ATA interface provided it adheres to this

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on the cable. This is simply two bytes multiplied by the effective clock rate, and presumes that every clock cycle is used to transfer end-user data. In practice, of course, protocol overhead reduces this value.

701:(IDE) interface. As a result, many near-synonyms for ATA/ATAPI and its previous incarnations are still in common informal use, in particular Extended IDE (EIDE) and Ultra ATA (UATA). After the introduction of 939:

The SCSI commands and responses used by each class of ATAPI device (CD-ROM, tape, etc.) are described in other documents or specifications specific to those device classes and are not within ATA/ATAPI or the

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CF devices can be designated as devices 0 or 1 on an ATA interface, though since most CF devices offer only a single socket, it is not necessary to offer this selection to end users. Although CF can be

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ATAPI devices are also "speaking ATA", as the ATA physical interface and protocol are still being used to send the packets. On the other hand, ATA hard drives and solid state drives do not use ATAPI.

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The first drive interface used 22-bit addressing mode which resulted in a maximum drive capacity of two gigabytes. Later, the first formalized ATA specification used a 28-bit addressing mode through

2113: 2101: 2089: 1581:(NCQ) since its first release, but it is an optional feature for both host adapters and target devices. Many obsolete PC motherboards do not support NCQ, but modern SATA hard disk drives and SATA 3738: 721:

The standard was originally conceived as the "AT Bus Attachment," officially called "AT Attachment" and abbreviated "ATA" because its primary feature was a direct connection to the 16-bit

2596:. Later the ARMD-HDD, ARMD-"Hard disk device", variant was developed to address these issues. Under ARMD-HDD, an ARMD device appears to the BIOS and the operating system as a hard drive. 3823: 732:

Physical ATA interfaces became a standard component in all PCs, initially on host bus adapters, sometimes on a sound card but ultimately as two physical interfaces embedded in a

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The Parallel ATA standard is the result of a long history of incremental technical development, which began with the original AT Attachment interface, developed for use in early

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As of July 2021, mechanical hard disk drives can transfer data at up to 524 MB/s, which is far beyond the capabilities of the PATA/133 specification. High-performance

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The ATA-4 and subsequent versions of the specification have included an "overlapped feature set" and a "queued feature set" as optional features, both being given the name "

1492:, according to its position on the cable. Cable select is controlled by pin 28. The host adapter grounds this pin; if a device sees that the pin is grounded, it becomes the 2961:

Nitin Vengurlekar, Murali Vallath, Rich Long, Oracle Automatic Storage Management: Under-the-Hood & Practical Deployment Guide, McGraw Hill Professional - 2007, page 6

1894: 1162:, do not support 48-bit LBA at all. However, members of the third-party group MSFN have modified the Windows 98 disk drivers to add unofficial support for 48-bit LBA to 3842: 1281:

drives can use pin 20 as VCC_in to power the drive without requiring a special power cable; this feature can only be used if the equipment supports this use of pin 20.

3460: 1223:'s withdrawal from the PATA market, hard disk drives with the PATA interface were no longer in production after December 2013 for other than specialty applications. 3285: 3212: 3133: 2740: 2592:

larger than any standard floppy disk drive. Also, standard-floppy disk drive emulation proved to be unsuitable for certain high-capacity floppy disk drives such as

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was described as optional in ATA-1 and has come into fairly widespread use with ATA-5 and later. A drive set to "cable select" automatically configures itself as

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With the 40-conductor cable, it was very common to implement cable select by simply cutting the pin 28 wire between the two device connectors; putting the slave

1354:. Capacitive coupling is more of a problem at higher transfer rates, and this change was necessary to enable the 66 megabytes per second (MB/s) transfer rate of 3369:

Disk-based memory (hard drives), solid state disk devices such as USB drives, DVD-based storage, bit rates, bus speeds, and network speeds, are specified using

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Congestion on the host bus to which the ATA adapter is attached may also limit the maximum burst transfer rate. For example, the maximum data transfer rate for

1016:, because some motherboard BIOSes would not allow C/H/S values above 1024 cylinders, 16 heads, and 63 sectors. Multiplied by 512 bytes per sector, this totals 792:

being integrated into the drive, as opposed to a separate controller situated at the other side of the connection cable to the drive. On an IBM PC compatible,

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drive. The host need only to ask for a particular sector, or block, to be read or written, and either accept the data from the drive or send the data to it.

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usually support NCQ, which is not the case for removable (CD/DVD) drives because the ATAPI command set used to control them prohibits queued operations.

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Comparison between ATA cables: 40-conductor ribbon cable (top), and 80-conductor ribbon cable (bottom). In both cases, a 40-pin female connector is used.

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goes on the grey middle connector, and the blue connector goes to the host (e.g. motherboard IDE connector, or IDE card). So, if there is only one (

4122: 3717: 1084:), commonly referred to as the 8.4 gigabyte barrier. This is again a limit imposed by x86 BIOSes, and not a limit imposed by the ATA interface. 3929: 3067: 1209:(SATA) in 2003, use of Parallel ATA declined. Some PCs and laptops of the era have a SATA hard disk and an optical drive connected to PATA. 4699: 4310: 3981: 1464:

typically refers to the two IDE cables, which can have two drives each (primary master, primary slave, secondary master, secondary slave).

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Interfaces are listed by their speed in the (roughly) ascending order, so the interface at the end of each section should be the fastest.

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AT Attachment Packet Interface (ATAPI) (support for CD-ROM, tape drives etc.), Optional overlapped and queued command set features,

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converts from the USB interface to PATA, and typically only supports a single external device without cable select or master/slave.

3148: 4290: 4689: 3327: 3015: 2575:, and programming requirements unlike either. Due to limitations in the floppy controller interface most of these devices were 1321: 1155:

by default, requiring the user to take extra steps to use the entire capacity of an ATA drive larger than about 137 gigabytes.

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with additional design methods, by default when wired directly to an ATA interface, it is not intended to be hot-pluggable.

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instead of directly connecting them to a PATA host adapter. This permitted the established block protocol to be reused in

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100 MB/s. Most of Western Digital's changes, along with others, were included in the ATA/ATAPI-6 standard (2002).

4558: 4497: 4352: 4016: 1688:—a very unusual situation, especially considering that such data is usually already buffered by the operating system. 982: 899: 2773: 4157: 3922: 3045: 1621: 1445:

for this configuration (Western Digital, in particular). Also, depending on the hardware and software available, a

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Compact flash is a miniature ATA interface, slightly modified to be able to also supply power to the CF device.

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device goes at the far-from-the-host end of the 18-inch (460 mm) cable on the black connector, the slave

862:(X3.279-1996), was approved in 1996. It included most of the features of the manufacturer-specific variants. 4665: 4640: 4532: 4187: 3907: 2893: 2859: 2255: 1900: 1862: 1807: 1742: 1699: 1351: 898:

and devices that could emulate them. The introduction of ATAPI (ATA Packet Interface) by a group called the

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Scott Mueller, Upgrading and Repairing PCs - Chapter 7. The ATA/IDE Interface, Que Publishing, Jun 22, 2015

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William Rothwell, LPIC-2 Cert Guide: (201-400 and 202-400 exams), Pearson IT Certification - 2016, page 150

936:. Some early ATAPI devices were simply SCSI devices with an ATA/ATAPI to SCSI protocol converter added on. 4684: 4222: 1578: 1571: 191: 865:

ATA-2 also was the first to note that devices other than hard drives could be attached to the interface:

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Simon Collin, Dictionary of Computing: Over 10,000 Terms Clearly Defined, A&C Black, 2009, page 67

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Some 16-bit and 32-bit operating systems supporting LBA48 may still not support disks larger than 2

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drive (most often seen where an optical drive is the only device on the secondary ATA interface).

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chip on a motherboard. Called the "primary" and "secondary" ATA interfaces, they were assigned to

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PATA to USB Adapter. It is mounted on the rear of a DVD-RW optical drive inside an external case

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and were easier to handle; however, only ribbon cables are supported by the ATA specifications.

1394:). This distinction is necessary to allow both drives to share the cable without conflict. The 4384: 4006: 3942: 3300: 2805:

David A. Deming, The Essential Guide to Serial ATA and SATA Express, CRC Press - 2014, page 32

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devices, connected to one of the host computer's ATA interfaces, similarly to a hard drive or

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takes precedence and allows them to be freely placed on either connector of the ribbon cable.

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Parallel ATA cables transfer data 16 bits at a time. The traditional cable uses 40-pin female

660: 17: 1099:" (EDD) was made available, which makes it possible to address drives as large as 2 sectors. 4117: 3620: 2593: 2557: 2553: 2525: 1673: 1403: 1262: 1257:

Round parallel ATA cables (as opposed to ribbon cables) were eventually made available for '

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and similar machines that used the 8-bit version of the ISA bus. It has been referred to as

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1.0, Streaming feature set, long logical/physical sector feature set for non-packet devices

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The interface used by these drives was standardized in 1994 as ANSI standard X3.221-1994,

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committee. It uses the underlying AT Attachment (ATA) and AT Attachment Packet Interface (

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computers, as this bus implementation must provide power to a standard hard disk drive.

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Common Access Method AT Bus Attachment, Rev 1, April 1, 1989, CAM/89-002, CAM Committee

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The first of these BIOS limits occurred when ATA drives reached sizes in excess of 504

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HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\atapi\Parameters\EnableBigLba = 1

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all modern ATA host adapters, this is not true, as modern ATA host adapters support

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in 1986 for compatible hard drives and CD or DVD drives. The connection is used for

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FAST'11: Proceedings of the 9th USENIX conference on File and storage technologies

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Starting with the 80-conductor cable defined for use in ATAPI5/UDMA4, the master

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The first version of what is now called the ATA/ATAPI interface was developed by

4625: 4604: 4527: 4522: 4367: 4305: 4280: 4207: 3991: 3986: 2568: 1685: 1186: 1060: 925: 797: 168: 52: 1593:"ATA Secure Erase" redirects here. For ATA Secure Erase with flash memory, see 800:. The interface cards used to connect a parallel ATA drive to, for example, an 4478: 4177: 3966: 2572: 2171:

Data Set Management, Extended Power Conditions, CFast, additional stats., etc.

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bus is 133 MB/s, and this is shared among all active devices on the bus.

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Ultra ATA, abbreviated UATA, is a designation that has been primarily used by

921: 668: 102: 1406:. In most personal computers the drives are often designated as "C:" for the 1121:) sectors (blocks) of 512 bytes each, resulting in a maximum capacity of 128 4502: 4492: 4459: 4454: 4389: 4264: 4052: 4037: 4032: 3624: 2561: 929: 726: 3384: 2528:. These can be supported as bootable devices by a BIOS complying with the 4512: 4449: 4182: 4042: 3516: 2781: 2613: 2022: 2018: 1798: 1794: 1753: 1749: 1378:

If two devices are attached to a single cable, one must be designated as

1258: 1137: 1133: 1126: 1122: 1081: 1045: 1041: 1037: 1013: 706: 672: 3608:

Michael Wei; Laura M. Grupp; Frederick E. Spada; Steven Swanson (2011).

3074:. Computer History Museum Storage Special Interest Group. Archived from 3041: 1620:

drives, the security features, including lock passwords, was defined in

1496:(master) device; if it sees that pin 28 is open, the device becomes the 1449:

drive on a cable will often work reliably even though configured as the

1185:

due to using 32-bit arithmetic only; a limitation also applying to many

4645: 4599: 4583: 4409: 4227: 4172: 4107: 4062: 2682: 2549: 1329: 1213: 1092: 917: 809: 741: 722: 46: 1437:). If there is a single device on a cable, it should be configured as 4578: 4469: 4444: 4434: 4429: 4424: 4419: 4237: 4127: 4087: 4047: 2688: 2671: 2605: 2580: 2533: 1852: 1064: 831:

A short-lived, seldom-used implementation of ATA was created for the

813: 774: 679: 648: 640: 81: 4563: 4474: 2700: – Relationship between devices in which one controls the other 1239:. Each cable has two or three connectors, one of which plugs into a 204: 3843:"ATAPI Removable Media Device BIOS Specification, Version 1.0" 3577: 693:

equipment. The ATA interface itself evolved in several stages from

4573: 4464: 4404: 4342: 4315: 4197: 4147: 4072: 2627: 1643: 1398:

drive is the drive that usually appears "first" to the computer's

1346:, interleaved with the signal conductors to reduce the effects of 1320: 1152: 1108: 755: 690: 3517:"An Introduction to Parallel ATA (PATA) - Definition and History" 2927:(Technical report). ANSI ASC T13. INCITS 452-2008. Archived from 1441:. However, some certain era drives have a special setting called 4568: 4553: 4414: 4325: 4320: 4162: 2588:

continue in the search order, usually with the hard drive last.

2541: 2413: 1633: 1617: 1606: 1399: 1199: 1132:

ATA-6 introduced 48-bit addressing, increasing the limit to 128

970: 964: 906: 808:. Since the original ATA interface is essentially just a 16-bit 793: 745: 702: 3911: 3879:"CompactFlash cards and DMA/UDMA support in True IDE (tm) mode" 2892:(Technical report). ANSI ASC X3T10. X3.279-1996. Archived from 2801: 2799: 4517: 4142: 4137: 3714:"Intel Optane SSD DC P5800X Review: The Fastest SSD Ever Made" 2921:

AT Attachment 8 - ATA/ATAPI Command Set (ATA8-ACS) revision 6a

1182: 1001: 944:

committee's purview. One commonly used set is defined in the

796:

machine, or similar, this was typically a card installed on a

3016:"The PC Guide: Overview and History of the IDE/ATA Interface" 1599:

Disk formatting § Recovery of data from a formatted disk

1000:

Initially, the size of an ATA drive was stored in the system

2858:(Technical report). ANSI ASC X3. X3.221-1994. Archived from 1342:

mode. All of the additional conductors in the new cable are

3610:"Reliably Erasing Data From Flash-Based Solid State Drives" 3271:

AT Attachment with Packet Interface Extension (ATA/ATAPI-4)

2886:

AT Attachment Interface with Extensions (ATA-2) revision 4c

953:

AT Attachment with Packet Interface Extension (ATA/ATAPI-4)

2644:

them much slower in IDE mode than their CF capable speed)

2141:

featuring non-volatile cache to speed up critical OS files

3902: 855:

variations of ATA-1 such as "Fast ATA" and "Fast ATA-2".

3795:"Direct Memory Access (DMA) Modes and Bus Mastering DMA" 1636:

can utilize Secure Erase to erase all data of the disk.

905:

ATAPI is a protocol allowing the ATA interface to carry

3228:"The PC Guide: SFF-8020 / ATA Packet Interface (ATAPI)" 2702:

Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets

894:

ATA was originally designed for, and worked only with,

3385:"EnableBigLba Registry Setting in Windows 2000 and XP" 3269: 1261:' for cosmetic reasons, as well as claims of improved 1051:

The second of these BIOS limitations occurred at 1024

3149:"Data Recovery and Hard Disk Drive Glossary of Terms" 2726: 951:

ATAPI was adopted as part of ATA in INCITS 317-1998,

910:

set has been defined to be interfaced via ATA/ATAPI.

2778:

What Is? The Information for Your Computer Questions

2741:"Serial ATA: A Comparison with Ultra ATA Technology" 2693:

Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback

1945:

Association (CFA) feature set for solid state drives

1421:

on the device itself, which must be manually set to

1414:

referring to one active primary partitions on each.

4613: 4592: 4541: 4377: 4273: 4025: 3959: 3739:"Serial ATA—A Comparison with Ultra ATA Technology" 3688:"Seagate Lists the Mach.2: The World's Fastest HDD" 3578:"Rockbox – Unlocking a password protected harddisk" 2668: – Computer standard for SATA host controllers 1507:on the drive called "cable select", usually marked 1067:limited the number of heads to 255. This totals to 601: 591: 581: 571: 561: 551: 541: 531: 521: 511: 501: 491: 481: 471: 461: 451: 441: 431: 421: 411: 401: 391: 381: 371: 361: 351: 341: 331: 321: 311: 301: 291: 281: 271: 261: 251: 241: 231: 221: 211: 197: 187: 179: 175:

later 33, 66, 100 and 133 MB/s per ATA channel

164: 156: 151: 143: 132: 124: 114: 109: 98: 90: 73: 68: 60: 2604:In August 2004, Sam Hopkins and Brantley Coile of 1417:The mode that a device must use is often set by a 969:The ATA/ATAPI-4 standard also introduced several " 806:bridges between the host bus and the ATA interface 3841:Curtis E. Stevens; Paul J. Broyles (1997-01-30). 3645:"Beware – When SECURE ERASE doesn't erase at all" 1325:80 pin parallel ATA interface on a 1.8" hard disk 643:-compatible computers. It was first developed by 1695:can transfer data at up to 7000–7500 MB/s. 1350:between neighboring signal conductors, reducing 761:was added to this system via the 16-bit ISA card 4260:Coherent Accelerator Processor Interface (CAPI) 3806: 3804: 3199:AT Attachment Interface with Extensions (ATA-2) 3120:AT Attachment Interface for Disk Drives (ATA-1) 2530:ATAPI Removable Media Device BIOS Specification 1534:device at the end of the cable, and the master 876:AT Attachment Interface with Extensions (ATA-2) 867: 3566:http://h10032.www1.hp.com/ctg/Manual/c01580453 3268:Technical Committee T13 AT Attachment (1998). 3197:Technical Committee T13 AT Attachment (1996). 3118:Technical Committee T13 AT Attachment (1994). 3923: 2918:Stevens, Curtis E., ed. (September 6, 2008). 1562:Serialized, overlapped, and queued operations 860:AT Attachment Interface with Extensions ATA-2 804:, are not drive controllers: they are merely 8: 3436:"Western Digital stops sales of PATA drives" 3411:"Enable48BitLBA - Break the 137 GB barrier!" 2990:"System Architecture: a look at hard drives" 1897:, Security, 44 pin connector for 2.5" drives 1272:In the ATA standard, pin 20 is defined as a 30: 3284:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 3211:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 3132:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 2685: – BIOS interrupt call for disk access 847:"EIDE" redirects here. For other uses, see 3930: 3916: 3908: 3603: 3601: 2508:Related standards, features, and proposals 2232: 1707:Features introduced with each ATA revision 55:sockets above, with an ATA connector below 29: 3491:. 2000-02-29. p. 315. Archived from 2883:Finch, Stephen G., ed. (March 18, 1996). 2825:"Ref - Overview of the IDE/ATA Interface" 1543:, particularly at higher transfer rates. 3543:"Independent Master/Slave Device Timing" 2571:, but capacities more commensurate with 2567:These devices have removable media like 1710: 1366:modes also require 80-conductor cables. 1328: 1235:(IDC) attached to a 40- or 80-conductor 173:8.3 MB/s per ATA channel originally 3322: 3320: 3192: 3190: 3147:Independent Technology Service (2008). 2852:AT Attachment Interface for Disk Drives 2718: 2674: – Interface for small hard drives 1595:Write amplification § Secure erase 826:AT Attachment Interface for Disk Drives 3373:for k (1000), M (1000), G (1000), etc. 3277: 3204: 3125: 2564:(LS-120) drives, and similar devices. 1577:The Serial ATA standard has supported 858:The new version of the ANSI standard, 1804:28-bit logical block addressing (LBA) 1390:(in the past, commonly designated as 678:The standard is maintained by the X3/ 7: 2746:. Seagate Technology. Archived from 2612:protocol to carry ATA commands over 1539:electrical reasons. The stub causes 1503:This setting is usually chosen by a 1111:, allowing for the addressing of 2 ( 1091:Later, an extension to the x86 BIOS 709:to Parallel ATA, or PATA for short. 86:subsequently enhanced by many others 3764:"mpcclub.com – Em8550datasheet.pdf" 2513:ATAPI Removable Media Device (ARMD) 1855:connector. Identify drive command. 713:replaced by SATA in newer systems. 27:Computer storage interface standard 3666:"ATA Secure Erase (SE) and hdparm" 3541:Charles M. Kozierok (2001-04-17). 3247:Charles M. Kozierok (2001-04-17). 3226:Charles M. Kozierok (2001-04-17). 3173:Charles M. Kozierok (2001-04-17). 3097:Charles M. Kozierok (2001-04-17). 3014:Charles M. Kozierok (2001-04-17). 2666:Advanced Host Controller Interface 2042:method of addressing data obsolete 1382:(in the past, commonly designated 1233:insulation displacement connectors 1143:Some operating systems, including 25: 2849:Lamers, Lawrence J., ed. (1994). 2540:. It specifies provisions in the 1291: 1158:Older operating systems, such as 916:ATAPI devices include CD-ROM and 64:Internal storage device connector 4661: 4660: 3353:"teleport.com – Interrupts Page" 3328:"kursk.ru – Standard CMOS Setup" 3313:from the original on 2022-10-09. 1518:If two drives are configured as 1198:were implemented by inexpensive 203: 45: 36: 3720:from the original on 2021-07-20 3694:from the original on 2021-07-20 3274:. Global Engineering Documents. 3201:. Global Engineering Documents. 3122:. Global Engineering Documents. 3066:Burniece, Tom (July 21, 2011). 3048:from the original on 2008-10-04 2996:from the original on 2006-05-08 2780:. Directron.com. Archived from 2691: – Parallel ATA controller 2229:Speed of defined transfer modes 1609:can control the ATA passwords. 1205:Soon after the introduction of 744:systems. They were replaced by 3461:"Welcome to Transcend website" 3068:"Conner CP341 Drive (ATA/IDE)" 705:in 2003, the original ATA was 18:Advanced Technology Attachment 1: 4255:Intel Ultra Path Interconnect 3592:"TCG Storage, Opal, and NVMe" 3299:Western Digital Corporation. 2035:Automatic Acoustic Management 1698:Only the Ultra DMA modes use 1640:External parallel ATA devices 1511:, which is separate from the 1358:to work reliably. The faster 4233:Intel QuickPath Interconnect 4223:Direct Media Interface (DMI) 3647:. The HDD Oracle. 2015-11-15 3040:Gene Milligan (2005-12-18). 2548:to allow the computer to be 2030:Device Configuration Overlay 839:, "XTA" or "XT Attachment". 786:Integrated Drive Electronics 771:Integrated Drive Electronics 699:Integrated Drive Electronics 626:Integrated Drive Electronics 4700:Computer hardware standards 3712:Sean Webster (2021-07-02). 3686:Anton Shilov (2021-05-21). 3249:"The PC Guide: ATA/ATAPI-4" 3175:"The PC Guide: ATA (ATA-2)" 3099:"The PC Guide: ATA (ATA-1)" 2534:Compaq Computer Corporation 1374:Multiple devices on a cable 900:Small Form Factor committee 781:as the CP342 in June 1987. 4716: 4218:Compute Express Link (CXL) 2532:, originally developed by 2516: 1728:Other significant changes 1592: 1589:HDD passwords and security 1103:Interface size limitations 993: 962: 887: 846: 4654: 4455:IEEE-1284 (parallel port) 4370:logical device interface) 2827:. PCGuide. Archived from 2774:"Parallel vs. Serial ATA" 2707:List of device bandwidths 2698:Master/slave (technology) 2412: 2352: 2314: 2254: 1470:independent device timing 990:x86 BIOS size limitations 202: 190: 182: 167: 159: 146: 135: 127: 119: 101: 93: 76: 63: 44: 35: 3881:. Czechoslovakia: FCC PS 3042:"The History of CAM ATA" 2608:specified a lightweight 1761:logical block addressing 1193:Primacy and obsolescence 1026:bytes which, divided by 2111:INCITS 397-2005 (vol 3) 2099:INCITS 397-2005 (vol 2) 2087:INCITS 397-2005 (vol 1) 1735: 1597:. For general use, see 1579:native command queueing 717:History and terminology 4690:Computer storage buses 4017:List of bus bandwidths 2633: 2072:also known as UDMA/133 2014:also known as UDMA/100 1911:(obsolete since 2002) 1873:(obsolete since 2001) 1818:(obsolete since 1999) 1649: 1572:Tagged Command Queuing 1334: 1326: 881: 762: 110:General specifications 3413:. 1.1. Archived from 2631: 2552:from devices such as 2245:Maximum transfer rate 1975:also known as UDMA/66 1932:also known as UDMA/33 1647: 1332: 1324: 924:, and large-capacity 849:Eide (disambiguation) 773:(IDE). Together with 759: 4460:IEEE-1394 (FireWire) 4198:PCI Extended (PCI-X) 3830:on 21 November 2010. 3716:. tomshardware.com. 3690:. tomshardware.com. 3078:on February 24, 2021 2620:(SAN) applications. 2618:storage area network 2538:Phoenix Technologies 2519:ATA Packet Interface 1679:In addition, no ATA 1480:A drive mode called 1317:80-conductor variant 1212:As of 2007, some PC 890:ATA Packet Interface 725:introduced with the 4695:Computer connectors 4301:Parallel ATA (PATA) 3409:LLXX (2006-07-12). 3359:on 2 November 2001. 2934:on October 10, 2014 2235: 1939:Host Protected Area 1720:New transfer modes 1703:commands and data. 1386:) and the other as 1348:capacitive coupling 1097:Enhanced Disk Drive 1063:, and a problem in 928:drives such as the 740:0x1F0 and 0x170 on 665:optical disc drives 136:40 or 80 conductor 32: 4208:PCI Express (PCIe) 3824:"CompactFlash 6.0" 2634: 2569:floppy disk drives 2233: 2180:2016-07-01 at the 2150:2014-10-10 at the 2116:2020-06-15 at the 2104:2020-06-16 at the 2092:2020-08-06 at the 2051:2011-09-15 at the 1993:2014-07-22 at the 1954:2014-07-22 at the 1906:2014-07-22 at the 1868:2011-07-28 at the 1813:2012-03-21 at the 1725:(512 byte sector) 1693:solid state drives 1650: 1583:solid-state drives 1541:signal reflections 1335: 1327: 948:SCSI command set. 779:Conner Peripherals 763: 661:floppy disk drives 99:Superseded by 69:Production history 4672: 4671: 4658: 4385:Apple Desktop Bus 4362:PCI Express (via 4321:Serial ATA (SATA) 4007:Network on a chip 3753:www.serialata.org 3383:FryeWare (2005). 2678:FATA (hard drive) 2610:ATA over Ethernet 2600:ATA over Ethernet 2594:Iomega Zip drives 2546:personal computer 2505: 2504: 2495:7 (Ultra ATA/167) 2484:6 (Ultra ATA/133) 2473:5 (Ultra ATA/100) 2226: 2225: 2220:Zoned ATA Command 1928:Ultra DMA 0, 1, 2 1723:Maximum disk size 1410:and "D:" for the 1151:pre-SP3, disable 611: 610: 547:GPIO_DMA66_Detect 16:(Redirected from 4707: 4664: 4663: 4656: 4118:HP Precision Bus 3932: 3925: 3918: 3909: 3903:CE-ATA Workgroup 3890: 3889: 3887: 3886: 3877:Rysanek, Frank. 3874: 3868: 3867: 3865: 3864: 3858: 3852:. Archived from 3847: 3838: 3832: 3831: 3826:. Archived from 3820: 3814: 3808: 3799: 3798: 3791: 3785: 3784: 3782: 3781: 3775: 3769:. Archived from 3768: 3760: 3754: 3752: 3750: 3744:. Archived from 3743: 3735: 3729: 3728: 3726: 3725: 3709: 3703: 3702: 3700: 3699: 3683: 3677: 3676: 3674: 3673: 3662: 3656: 3655: 3653: 3652: 3641: 3635: 3634: 3632: 3631: 3614: 3605: 3596: 3595: 3588: 3582: 3581: 3574: 3568: 3563: 3557: 3556: 3554: 3553: 3538: 3532: 3531: 3529: 3528: 3513: 3507: 3506: 3504: 3503: 3497: 3490: 3482: 3476: 3475: 3473: 3472: 3463:. Archived from 3457: 3451: 3450: 3448: 3447: 3432: 3426: 3425: 3423: 3422: 3406: 3400: 3398: 3394: 3392: 3391: 3380: 3374: 3371:decimal meanings 3367: 3361: 3360: 3355:. Archived from 3349: 3343: 3342: 3340: 3339: 3330:. Archived from 3324: 3315: 3314: 3312: 3305: 3296: 3290: 3289: 3283: 3275: 3265: 3259: 3258: 3256: 3255: 3244: 3238: 3237: 3235: 3234: 3223: 3217: 3216: 3210: 3202: 3194: 3185: 3184: 3182: 3181: 3170: 3164: 3163: 3161: 3160: 3151:. Archived from 3144: 3138: 3137: 3131: 3123: 3115: 3109: 3108: 3106: 3105: 3094: 3088: 3087: 3085: 3083: 3063: 3057: 3056: 3054: 3053: 3037: 3031: 3030: 3028: 3027: 3018:. Archived from 3011: 3005: 3004: 3002: 3001: 2986: 2980: 2977: 2971: 2968: 2962: 2959: 2953: 2950: 2944: 2943: 2941: 2939: 2933: 2926: 2915: 2909: 2908: 2906: 2904: 2899:on July 28, 2011 2898: 2891: 2880: 2874: 2873: 2871: 2870: 2864: 2857: 2846: 2840: 2839: 2837: 2836: 2821: 2815: 2812: 2806: 2803: 2794: 2793: 2791: 2789: 2784:on 1 August 2003 2772:Frawley, Lucas. 2769: 2763: 2762: 2760: 2758: 2752: 2745: 2737: 2731: 2730: 2723: 2703: 2694: 2526:operating system 2462:4 (Ultra ATA/66) 2440:2 (Ultra ATA/33) 2236: 2209: 2190: 2160: 2127: 2120: 2108: 2096: 2067: 2061: 2009: 2003: 1980:80-wire cables; 1970: 1964: 1929: 1924: 1918: 1880: 1839: 1835: 1831: 1825: 1790:Multi-word DMA 0 1788: 1781: 1773: 1711: 1674:conventional PCI 1500:(slave) device. 1404:operating system 1263:computer cooling 1253: 1252: 1248: 1120: 1119: 1116: 1079: 1078: 1075: 1072: 1035: 1034: 1031: 1025: 1024: 1021: 896:hard disk drives 879: 790:drive controller 657:hard disk drives 655:devices such as 624:, also known as 207: 49: 40: 33: 21: 4715: 4714: 4710: 4709: 4708: 4706: 4705: 4704: 4675: 4674: 4673: 4668: 4659: 4650: 4609: 4588: 4537: 4450:IEEE-488 (GPIB) 4373: 4269: 4248:Infinity Fabric 4078:Europe Card Bus 4021: 3955: 3936: 3899: 3894: 3893: 3884: 3882: 3876: 3875: 3871: 3862: 3860: 3856: 3845: 3840: 3839: 3835: 3822: 3821: 3817: 3809: 3802: 3793: 3792: 3788: 3779: 3777: 3773: 3766: 3762: 3761: 3757: 3748: 3741: 3737: 3736: 3732: 3723: 3721: 3711: 3710: 3706: 3697: 3695: 3685: 3684: 3680: 3671: 3669: 3664: 3663: 3659: 3650: 3648: 3643: 3642: 3638: 3629: 3627: 3612: 3607: 3606: 3599: 3590: 3589: 3585: 3576: 3575: 3571: 3564: 3560: 3551: 3549: 3540: 3539: 3535: 3526: 3524: 3515: 3514: 3510: 3501: 3499: 3495: 3488: 3484: 3483: 3479: 3470: 3468: 3459: 3458: 3454: 3445: 3443: 3434: 3433: 3429: 3420: 3418: 3408: 3407: 3403: 3396: 3395:The setting is 3389: 3387: 3382: 3381: 3377: 3368: 3364: 3351: 3350: 3346: 3337: 3335: 3326: 3325: 3318: 3310: 3303: 3298: 3297: 3293: 3276: 3267: 3266: 3262: 3253: 3251: 3246: 3245: 3241: 3232: 3230: 3225: 3224: 3220: 3203: 3196: 3195: 3188: 3179: 3177: 3172: 3171: 3167: 3158: 3156: 3146: 3145: 3141: 3124: 3117: 3116: 3112: 3103: 3101: 3096: 3095: 3091: 3081: 3079: 3065: 3064: 3060: 3051: 3049: 3039: 3038: 3034: 3025: 3023: 3013: 3012: 3008: 2999: 2997: 2988: 2987: 2983: 2978: 2974: 2969: 2965: 2960: 2956: 2951: 2947: 2937: 2935: 2931: 2924: 2917: 2916: 2912: 2902: 2900: 2896: 2889: 2882: 2881: 2877: 2868: 2866: 2862: 2855: 2848: 2847: 2843: 2834: 2832: 2823: 2822: 2818: 2813: 2809: 2804: 2797: 2787: 2785: 2771: 2770: 2766: 2756: 2754: 2750: 2743: 2739: 2738: 2734: 2725: 2724: 2720: 2715: 2701: 2692: 2662: 2626: 2602: 2521: 2515: 2510: 2316:Single-word DMA 2246: 2234:Transfer Modes 2231: 2207: 2188: 2182:Wayback Machine 2175:INCITS 482-2012 2158: 2152:Wayback Machine 2145:INCITS 452-2008 2125: 2118:Wayback Machine 2109: 2106:Wayback Machine 2097: 2094:Wayback Machine 2085: 2073: 2071: 2065: 2059: 2053:Wayback Machine 2038: 2033: 2013: 2007: 2001: 1995:Wayback Machine 1974: 1973:Ultra DMA 3, 4, 1968: 1962: 1956:Wayback Machine 1931: 1927: 1922: 1916: 1910: 1908:Wayback Machine 1887:Single-word DMA 1878: 1872: 1870:Wayback Machine 1843: 1837: 1833: 1829: 1823: 1817: 1815:Wayback Machine 1789: 1785:Single-word DMA 1783: 1782: 1779: 1771: 1731:ANSI reference 1724: 1709: 1666: 1660: 1642: 1602: 1591: 1564: 1478: 1376: 1319: 1310: 1250: 1246: 1245: 1229: 1221:Western Digital 1195: 1164:Windows 95 OSR2 1117: 1114: 1112: 1105: 1076: 1073: 1070: 1068: 1032: 1029: 1027: 1022: 1019: 1017: 998: 992: 983:Western Digital 979: 967: 961: 934:SuperDisk drive 892: 886: 880: 874: 852: 845: 769:under the name 767:Western Digital 754: 719: 695:Western Digital 645:Western Digital 174: 172: 85: 78:Western Digital 56: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 4713: 4711: 4703: 4702: 4697: 4692: 4687: 4677: 4676: 4670: 4669: 4655: 4652: 4651: 4649: 4648: 4643: 4638: 4628: 4623: 4617: 4615: 4611: 4610: 4608: 4607: 4602: 4596: 4594: 4590: 4589: 4587: 4586: 4581: 4576: 4571: 4566: 4561: 4559:Intel HD Audio 4556: 4551: 4549:ADAT Lightpipe 4545: 4543: 4539: 4538: 4536: 4535: 4530: 4525: 4520: 4515: 4510: 4505: 4500: 4495: 4490: 4472: 4467: 4462: 4457: 4452: 4447: 4442: 4437: 4432: 4427: 4422: 4417: 4412: 4407: 4402: 4397: 4392: 4387: 4381: 4379: 4375: 4374: 4372: 4371: 4360: 4355: 4350: 4345: 4340: 4339: 4338: 4333: 4323: 4318: 4313: 4308: 4303: 4298: 4293: 4288: 4283: 4277: 4275: 4271: 4270: 4268: 4267: 4262: 4257: 4252: 4251: 4250: 4243:HyperTransport 4240: 4235: 4230: 4225: 4220: 4215: 4210: 4205: 4200: 4195: 4190: 4185: 4180: 4175: 4170: 4165: 4160: 4155: 4150: 4145: 4140: 4135: 4130: 4125: 4120: 4115: 4110: 4105: 4100: 4095: 4090: 4085: 4080: 4075: 4070: 4065: 4060: 4055: 4050: 4045: 4040: 4035: 4029: 4027: 4023: 4022: 4020: 4019: 4014: 4009: 4004: 3999: 3997:Bus contention 3994: 3989: 3984: 3979: 3974: 3972:Front-side bus 3969: 3963: 3961: 3957: 3956: 3953:computer buses 3937: 3935: 3934: 3927: 3920: 3912: 3906: 3905: 3898: 3897:External links 3895: 3892: 3891: 3869: 3833: 3815: 3800: 3786: 3755: 3751:on 2007-12-03. 3730: 3704: 3678: 3657: 3636: 3597: 3583: 3569: 3558: 3533: 3508: 3477: 3452: 3427: 3401: 3375: 3362: 3344: 3316: 3291: 3260: 3239: 3218: 3186: 3165: 3139: 3110: 3089: 3058: 3032: 3006: 2981: 2972: 2963: 2954: 2945: 2910: 2875: 2841: 2816: 2807: 2795: 2764: 2732: 2717: 2716: 2714: 2711: 2710: 2709: 2704: 2695: 2686: 2680: 2675: 2669: 2661: 2658: 2625: 2622: 2601: 2598: 2517:Main article: 2514: 2511: 2509: 2506: 2503: 2502: 2499: 2496: 2492: 2491: 2488: 2485: 2481: 2480: 2477: 2474: 2470: 2469: 2466: 2463: 2459: 2458: 2455: 2452: 2448: 2447: 2444: 2441: 2437: 2436: 2433: 2430: 2426: 2425: 2422: 2419: 2416: 2410: 2409: 2406: 2403: 2399: 2398: 2395: 2392: 2388: 2387: 2384: 2381: 2377: 2376: 2373: 2370: 2366: 2365: 2362: 2359: 2356: 2354:Multi-word DMA 2350: 2349: 2346: 2343: 2339: 2338: 2335: 2332: 2328: 2327: 2324: 2321: 2318: 2312: 2311: 2308: 2305: 2301: 2300: 2297: 2294: 2290: 2289: 2286: 2283: 2279: 2278: 2275: 2272: 2268: 2267: 2264: 2261: 2258: 2252: 2251: 2248: 2243: 2240: 2230: 2227: 2224: 2223: 2221: 2218: 2216: 2213: 2210: 2204: 2203: 2201: 2199: 2197: 2194: 2191: 2185: 2184: 2172: 2169: 2167: 2164: 2161: 2155: 2154: 2142: 2136: 2134: 2131: 2128: 2122: 2121: 2083: 2077: 2075: 2068: 2062: 2056: 2055: 2046:NCITS 361-2002 2043: 2026: 2015: 2010: 2004: 1998: 1997: 1988:NCITS 340-2000 1985: 1978: 1976: 1971: 1965: 1959: 1958: 1949:NCITS 317-1998 1946: 1935: 1933: 1925: 1919: 1913: 1912: 1898: 1892: 1890: 1884: 1881: 1875: 1874: 1860: 1850: 1848: 1845:Multi-word DMA 1840: 1826: 1820: 1819: 1805: 1802: 1791: 1777: 1774: 1768: 1767: 1764: 1757: 1746: 1740: 1737: 1733: 1732: 1729: 1726: 1721: 1718: 1715: 1708: 1705: 1665: 1664:Specifications 1662: 1641: 1638: 1590: 1587: 1563: 1560: 1505:jumper setting 1477: 1474: 1419:jumper setting 1375: 1372: 1318: 1315: 1309: 1308:44-pin variant 1306: 1305: 1304: 1300: 1296: 1295: 1294:functionality. 1287: 1283: 1282: 1274:mechanical key 1270: 1228: 1225: 1194: 1191: 1104: 1101: 1080:bytes (8032.5 991: 988: 978: 975: 960: 959:UDMA and ATA-4 957: 888:Main article: 885: 882: 872: 844: 843:EIDE and ATA-2 841: 788:refers to the 753: 750: 738:base addresses 718: 715: 620:), originally 609: 608: 605: 603: 599: 598: 595: 593: 589: 588: 587:Chip select 3P 585: 583: 579: 578: 577:Chip select 1P 575: 573: 569: 568: 565: 563: 559: 558: 555: 553: 549: 548: 545: 543: 539: 538: 535: 533: 529: 528: 525: 523: 519: 518: 515: 513: 509: 508: 505: 503: 499: 498: 495: 493: 489: 488: 485: 483: 479: 478: 475: 473: 469: 468: 465: 463: 459: 458: 455: 453: 449: 448: 445: 443: 439: 438: 435: 433: 429: 428: 425: 423: 419: 418: 415: 413: 409: 408: 405: 403: 399: 398: 395: 393: 389: 388: 385: 383: 379: 378: 375: 373: 369: 368: 365: 363: 359: 358: 355: 353: 349: 348: 345: 343: 339: 338: 335: 333: 329: 328: 325: 323: 319: 318: 315: 313: 309: 308: 305: 303: 299: 298: 295: 293: 289: 288: 285: 283: 279: 278: 275: 273: 269: 268: 265: 263: 259: 258: 255: 253: 249: 248: 245: 243: 239: 238: 235: 233: 229: 228: 225: 223: 219: 218: 215: 213: 209: 208: 200: 199: 195: 194: 189: 185: 184: 181: 177: 176: 166: 162: 161: 158: 154: 153: 149: 148: 145: 141: 140: 134: 130: 129: 126: 122: 121: 118: 112: 111: 107: 106: 100: 96: 95: 92: 88: 87: 75: 71: 70: 66: 65: 62: 58: 57: 50: 42: 41: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4712: 4701: 4698: 4696: 4693: 4691: 4688: 4686: 4685:AT Attachment 4683: 4682: 4680: 4667: 4653: 4647: 4644: 4642: 4639: 4636: 4632: 4629: 4627: 4624: 4622: 4621:Multidrop bus 4619: 4618: 4616: 4612: 4606: 4603: 4601: 4598: 4597: 4595: 4591: 4585: 4582: 4580: 4577: 4575: 4572: 4570: 4567: 4565: 4562: 4560: 4557: 4555: 4552: 4550: 4547: 4546: 4544: 4540: 4534: 4531: 4529: 4528:External PCIe 4526: 4524: 4521: 4519: 4516: 4514: 4511: 4509: 4508:Parallel SCSI 4506: 4504: 4501: 4499: 4496: 4494: 4491: 4488: 4484: 4480: 4476: 4473: 4471: 4468: 4466: 4463: 4461: 4458: 4456: 4453: 4451: 4448: 4446: 4443: 4441: 4438: 4436: 4433: 4431: 4428: 4426: 4423: 4421: 4418: 4416: 4413: 4411: 4408: 4406: 4403: 4401: 4400:Commodore bus 4398: 4396: 4393: 4391: 4388: 4386: 4383: 4382: 4380: 4376: 4369: 4365: 4361: 4359: 4356: 4354: 4351: 4349: 4348:Fibre Channel 4346: 4344: 4341: 4337: 4334: 4332: 4329: 4328: 4327: 4324: 4322: 4319: 4317: 4314: 4312: 4309: 4307: 4304: 4302: 4299: 4297: 4294: 4292: 4289: 4287: 4284: 4282: 4279: 4278: 4276: 4272: 4266: 4263: 4261: 4258: 4256: 4253: 4249: 4246: 4245: 4244: 4241: 4239: 4236: 4234: 4231: 4229: 4226: 4224: 4221: 4219: 4216: 4214: 4211: 4209: 4206: 4204: 4201: 4199: 4196: 4194: 4191: 4189: 4186: 4184: 4181: 4179: 4176: 4174: 4171: 4169: 4166: 4164: 4161: 4159: 4156: 4154: 4151: 4149: 4146: 4144: 4141: 4139: 4136: 4134: 4131: 4129: 4126: 4124: 4121: 4119: 4116: 4114: 4111: 4109: 4106: 4104: 4101: 4099: 4096: 4094: 4091: 4089: 4086: 4084: 4081: 4079: 4076: 4074: 4071: 4069: 4066: 4064: 4061: 4059: 4056: 4054: 4051: 4049: 4046: 4044: 4041: 4039: 4036: 4034: 4031: 4030: 4028: 4024: 4018: 4015: 4013: 4012:Plug and play 4010: 4008: 4005: 4003: 4002:Bus mastering 4000: 3998: 3995: 3993: 3990: 3988: 3985: 3983: 3980: 3978: 3977:Back-side bus 3975: 3973: 3970: 3968: 3965: 3964: 3962: 3958: 3954: 3951: 3947: 3945: 3940: 3933: 3928: 3926: 3921: 3919: 3914: 3913: 3910: 3904: 3901: 3900: 3896: 3880: 3873: 3870: 3859:on 2010-01-02 3855: 3851: 3844: 3837: 3834: 3829: 3825: 3819: 3816: 3812: 3807: 3805: 3801: 3796: 3790: 3787: 3776:on 2011-07-25 3772: 3765: 3759: 3756: 3747: 3740: 3734: 3731: 3719: 3715: 3708: 3705: 3693: 3689: 3682: 3679: 3667: 3661: 3658: 3646: 3640: 3637: 3626: 3622: 3618: 3611: 3604: 3602: 3598: 3593: 3587: 3584: 3579: 3573: 3570: 3567: 3562: 3559: 3548: 3544: 3537: 3534: 3522: 3518: 3512: 3509: 3498:on 2006-05-27 3494: 3487: 3481: 3478: 3467:on 2011-09-27 3466: 3462: 3456: 3453: 3441: 3437: 3431: 3428: 3417:on 2013-12-12 3416: 3412: 3405: 3402: 3386: 3379: 3376: 3372: 3366: 3363: 3358: 3354: 3348: 3345: 3334:on 2018-10-04 3333: 3329: 3323: 3321: 3317: 3309: 3302: 3295: 3292: 3287: 3281: 3273: 3272: 3264: 3261: 3250: 3243: 3240: 3229: 3222: 3219: 3214: 3208: 3200: 3193: 3191: 3187: 3176: 3169: 3166: 3155:on 2012-07-11 3154: 3150: 3143: 3140: 3135: 3129: 3121: 3114: 3111: 3100: 3093: 3090: 3077: 3073: 3069: 3062: 3059: 3047: 3043: 3036: 3033: 3022:on 2001-04-18 3021: 3017: 3010: 3007: 2995: 2991: 2985: 2982: 2976: 2973: 2967: 2964: 2958: 2955: 2949: 2946: 2930: 2923: 2922: 2914: 2911: 2895: 2888: 2887: 2879: 2876: 2865:on 2012-03-21 2861: 2854: 2853: 2845: 2842: 2831:on 2001-04-18 2830: 2826: 2820: 2817: 2811: 2808: 2802: 2800: 2796: 2783: 2779: 2775: 2768: 2765: 2753:on 2012-01-05 2749: 2742: 2736: 2733: 2728: 2722: 2719: 2712: 2708: 2705: 2699: 2696: 2690: 2687: 2684: 2681: 2679: 2676: 2673: 2670: 2667: 2664: 2663: 2659: 2657: 2655: 2654:hot-pluggable 2649: 2645: 2642: 2638: 2637:Compact Flash 2630: 2624:Compact Flash 2623: 2621: 2619: 2615: 2611: 2607: 2599: 2597: 2595: 2589: 2585: 2582: 2578: 2574: 2570: 2565: 2563: 2559: 2555: 2551: 2547: 2543: 2539: 2535: 2531: 2527: 2520: 2512: 2507: 2500: 2497: 2494: 2493: 2489: 2486: 2483: 2482: 2478: 2475: 2472: 2471: 2467: 2464: 2461: 2460: 2456: 2453: 2450: 2449: 2445: 2442: 2439: 2438: 2434: 2431: 2428: 2427: 2423: 2420: 2417: 2415: 2411: 2407: 2404: 2401: 2400: 2396: 2393: 2390: 2389: 2385: 2382: 2379: 2378: 2374: 2371: 2368: 2367: 2363: 2360: 2357: 2355: 2351: 2347: 2344: 2341: 2340: 2336: 2333: 2330: 2329: 2325: 2322: 2319: 2317: 2313: 2309: 2306: 2303: 2302: 2298: 2295: 2292: 2291: 2287: 2284: 2281: 2280: 2276: 2273: 2270: 2269: 2265: 2262: 2259: 2257: 2253: 2249: 2244: 2241: 2238: 2237: 2228: 2222: 2219: 2217: 2214: 2211: 2206: 2205: 2202: 2200: 2198: 2195: 2192: 2187: 2186: 2183: 2179: 2176: 2173: 2170: 2168: 2165: 2162: 2157: 2156: 2153: 2149: 2146: 2143: 2140: 2137: 2135: 2132: 2129: 2124: 2123: 2119: 2115: 2112: 2107: 2103: 2100: 2095: 2091: 2088: 2084: 2081: 2078: 2076: 2069: 2066:Ultra ATA/133 2063: 2058: 2057: 2054: 2050: 2047: 2044: 2041: 2036: 2031: 2027: 2024: 2020: 2016: 2011: 2008:Ultra ATA/100 2005: 2000: 1999: 1996: 1992: 1989: 1986: 1983: 1979: 1977: 1972: 1966: 1961: 1960: 1957: 1953: 1950: 1947: 1944: 1940: 1936: 1934: 1926: 1920: 1915: 1914: 1909: 1905: 1902: 1899: 1896: 1893: 1891: 1889:modes dropped 1888: 1885: 1882: 1877: 1876: 1871: 1867: 1864: 1861: 1858: 1857:Plug and play 1854: 1851: 1849: 1846: 1841: 1827: 1822: 1821: 1816: 1812: 1809: 1806: 1803: 1800: 1796: 1792: 1786: 1778: 1775: 1770: 1769: 1765: 1762: 1758: 1755: 1751: 1747: 1744: 1741: 1738: 1736:IDE (pre-ATA) 1734: 1730: 1727: 1722: 1719: 1716: 1713: 1712: 1706: 1704: 1701: 1696: 1694: 1689: 1687: 1682: 1677: 1675: 1670: 1663: 1661: 1658: 1654: 1646: 1639: 1637: 1635: 1630: 1625: 1623: 1619: 1614: 1610: 1608: 1600: 1596: 1588: 1586: 1584: 1580: 1575: 1573: 1568: 1561: 1559: 1557: 1553: 1549: 1544: 1542: 1537: 1533: 1528: 1525: 1521: 1516: 1514: 1510: 1506: 1501: 1499: 1495: 1491: 1487: 1483: 1475: 1473: 1471: 1465: 1463: 1459: 1454: 1452: 1448: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1432: 1428: 1424: 1420: 1415: 1413: 1409: 1405: 1401: 1397: 1393: 1389: 1385: 1381: 1373: 1371: 1367: 1365: 1361: 1357: 1353: 1349: 1345: 1341: 1331: 1323: 1316: 1314: 1307: 1301: 1298: 1297: 1293: 1288: 1285: 1284: 1280: 1275: 1271: 1268: 1267: 1266: 1264: 1260: 1255: 1242: 1238: 1234: 1226: 1224: 1222: 1217: 1215: 1210: 1208: 1203: 1202:controllers. 1201: 1192: 1190: 1188: 1184: 1179: 1177: 1173: 1172:Windows 98 SE 1169: 1165: 1161: 1156: 1154: 1150: 1147:pre-SP1, and 1146: 1141: 1139: 1135: 1130: 1128: 1124: 1110: 1102: 1100: 1098: 1094: 1093:disk services 1089: 1085: 1083: 1066: 1062: 1058: 1054: 1049: 1047: 1043: 1040:, equals 504 1039: 1015: 1010: 1006: 1003: 997: 996:Enhanced BIOS 989: 987: 984: 976: 974: 972: 966: 958: 956: 954: 949: 947: 943: 937: 935: 931: 927: 923: 919: 914: 911: 908: 903: 901: 897: 891: 883: 877: 871: 866: 863: 861: 856: 850: 842: 840: 838: 834: 829: 827: 822: 819: 815: 811: 807: 803: 799: 795: 791: 787: 782: 780: 776: 772: 768: 758: 752:IDE and ATA-1 751: 749: 747: 743: 739: 735: 730: 728: 724: 716: 714: 710: 708: 704: 700: 696: 692: 687: 686:) standards. 685: 681: 676: 674: 670: 666: 662: 658: 654: 650: 646: 642: 639:designed for 638: 635: 631: 627: 623: 622:AT Attachment 619: 615: 606: 604: 600: 596: 594: 590: 586: 584: 580: 576: 574: 570: 566: 564: 560: 556: 554: 550: 546: 544: 540: 536: 534: 530: 526: 524: 520: 516: 514: 510: 506: 504: 500: 496: 494: 490: 486: 484: 480: 476: 474: 470: 466: 464: 460: 456: 454: 450: 446: 444: 440: 436: 434: 430: 426: 424: 420: 416: 414: 410: 407:Key or VCC_in 406: 404: 400: 396: 394: 390: 386: 384: 380: 376: 374: 370: 366: 364: 360: 356: 354: 350: 346: 344: 340: 336: 334: 330: 326: 324: 320: 316: 314: 310: 306: 304: 300: 296: 294: 290: 286: 284: 280: 276: 274: 270: 266: 264: 260: 256: 254: 250: 246: 244: 240: 236: 234: 230: 226: 224: 220: 216: 214: 210: 206: 201: 196: 193: 186: 178: 170: 163: 155: 150: 142: 139: 131: 123: 117: 116:Hot pluggable 113: 108: 104: 97: 89: 83: 79: 72: 67: 59: 54: 48: 43: 39: 34: 19: 4300: 4153:TURBOchannel 3943: 3883:. Retrieved 3872: 3861:. Retrieved 3854:the original 3849: 3836: 3828:the original 3818: 3811:CompactFlash 3789: 3778:. Retrieved 3771:the original 3758: 3746:the original 3733: 3722:. Retrieved 3707: 3696:. Retrieved 3681: 3670:. Retrieved 3668:. 2016-11-06 3660: 3649:. Retrieved 3639: 3628:. Retrieved 3616: 3586: 3572: 3561: 3550:. Retrieved 3547:The PC Guide 3546: 3536: 3525:. Retrieved 3523:. 2020-05-12 3520: 3511: 3500:. Retrieved 3493:the original 3480: 3469:. Retrieved 3465:the original 3455: 3444:. Retrieved 3442:. 2013-12-20 3439: 3430: 3419:. Retrieved 3415:the original 3404: 3388:. Retrieved 3378: 3365: 3357:the original 3347: 3336:. Retrieved 3332:the original 3294: 3270: 3263: 3252:. Retrieved 3242: 3231:. Retrieved 3221: 3198: 3178:. Retrieved 3168: 3157:. Retrieved 3153:the original 3142: 3119: 3113: 3102:. Retrieved 3092: 3080:. Retrieved 3076:the original 3071: 3061: 3050:. Retrieved 3035: 3024:. Retrieved 3020:the original 3009: 2998:. Retrieved 2984: 2975: 2966: 2957: 2948: 2936:. Retrieved 2929:the original 2920: 2913: 2901:. Retrieved 2894:the original 2885: 2878: 2867:. Retrieved 2860:the original 2851: 2844: 2833:. Retrieved 2829:the original 2819: 2810: 2786:. Retrieved 2782:the original 2777: 2767: 2755:. Retrieved 2748:the original 2735: 2721: 2650: 2646: 2640: 2635: 2603: 2590: 2586: 2566: 2550:bootstrapped 2529: 2522: 2139:Hybrid drive 2028:48-bit LBA, 1982:CompactFlash 1969:Ultra ATA/66 1943:CompactFlash 1923:Ultra ATA/33 1717:Other names 1697: 1690: 1678: 1671: 1667: 1659: 1655: 1651: 1626: 1615: 1611: 1603: 1576: 1569: 1565: 1555: 1551: 1547: 1545: 1535: 1531: 1529: 1523: 1519: 1517: 1512: 1508: 1502: 1497: 1493: 1489: 1485: 1482:cable select 1481: 1479: 1476:Cable select 1469: 1466: 1461: 1457: 1455: 1450: 1446: 1442: 1438: 1434: 1430: 1426: 1422: 1416: 1411: 1407: 1395: 1391: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1377: 1368: 1363: 1359: 1355: 1339: 1336: 1311: 1292:cable select 1279:flash memory 1259:case modders 1256: 1241:host adapter 1237:ribbon cable 1230: 1218: 1211: 1204: 1196: 1187:boot sectors 1180: 1157: 1149:Windows 2000 1142: 1131: 1106: 1095:called the " 1090: 1086: 1050: 1011: 1007: 999: 980: 968: 952: 950: 938: 915: 912: 904: 893: 875: 868: 864: 859: 857: 853: 830: 825: 823: 785: 783: 770: 764: 748:interfaces. 731: 720: 711: 697:'s original 688: 677: 629: 625: 621: 617: 614:Parallel ATA 613: 612: 487:Cable select 180:Max. devices 138:ribbon cable 31:Parallel ATA 4626:CoreConnect 4605:ExpressCard 4533:Thunderbolt 4523:Camera Link 4306:Bus and Tag 3992:Address bus 3987:Control bus 3982:Daisy chain 3850:phoenix.com 3082:January 10, 3072:Wikifoundry 2573:hard drives 2446:120 ns ÷ 2 2435:160 ns ÷ 2 2424:240 ns ÷ 2 2250:cycle time 2208:ATA/ATAPI-8 2189:ATA/ATAPI-8 2159:ATA/ATAPI-8 2126:ATA/ATAPI-8 2060:ATA/ATAPI-7 2002:ATA/ATAPI-6 1963:ATA/ATAPI-5 1917:ATA/ATAPI-4 1901:X3.298-1997 1863:X3.279-1996 1808:X3.221-1994 1780:PIO 0, 1, 2 1681:hard drives 1624:standard. 1303:connectors. 922:tape drives 798:motherboard 734:Southbridge 669:tape drives 169:Half-duplex 53:motherboard 4679:Categories 4479:ACCESS.bus 4378:Peripheral 4178:InfiniBand 4173:HP GSC bus 3967:System bus 3885:2019-06-17 3863:2015-08-25 3780:2011-05-18 3724:2021-07-20 3698:2021-07-20 3672:2018-01-08 3651:2018-01-08 3630:2018-01-08 3625:Q115346857 3552:2008-08-08 3527:2023-12-12 3502:2013-08-25 3471:2007-02-01 3446:2013-12-25 3421:2013-09-03 3390:2011-12-29 3338:2011-05-27 3254:2008-08-23 3233:2008-08-23 3180:2008-08-23 3159:2012-07-11 3104:2008-08-23 3052:2008-08-27 3026:2008-08-23 3000:2008-07-25 2903:August 28, 2869:2014-08-28 2835:2013-06-14 2788:23 January 2757:23 January 2713:References 2558:Jaz drives 2554:Zip drives 2501:24 ns ÷ 2 2490:30 ns ÷ 2 2479:40 ns ÷ 2 2468:60 ns ÷ 2 2457:90 ns ÷ 2 2021:(144 1895:S.M.A.R.T. 1797:(137 1752:(2.1 1629:sanitizing 1513:Device 0/1 1456:The words 1207:Serial ATA 1176:Windows ME 1168:Windows 98 1160:Windows 98 1145:Windows XP 1036:bytes per 994:See also: 963:See also: 527:No connect 103:Serial ATA 4440:Lightning 4390:Atari SIO 4265:SpaceWire 4098:Zorro III 4038:S-100 bus 4033:SS-50 bus 4026:Standards 3946:standards 3939:Technical 3280:cite book 3207:cite book 3128:cite book 2727:"t13.org" 2562:SuperDisk 2414:Ultra DMA 2017:128 1984:connector 1838:Ultra ATA 1793:128 1714:Standard 1515:setting. 1462:secondary 1352:crosstalk 1227:Interface 1059:, and 63 1053:cylinders 977:Ultra ATA 971:Ultra DMA 930:Zip drive 870:standard. 784:The term 727:IBM PC/AT 673:computers 637:interface 437:I/O write 4666:Category 4641:Wishbone 4614:Embedded 4593:Portable 4513:Profibus 4445:DMX512-A 4331:Parallel 4183:Ethernet 4093:Zorro II 4043:Multibus 3944:de facto 3718:Archived 3692:Archived 3621:Wikidata 3521:MiniTool 3440:Myce.com 3308:Archived 3046:Archived 2994:Archived 2938:June 21, 2660:See also 2641:IDE mode 2614:Ethernet 2178:Archived 2148:Archived 2114:Archived 2102:Archived 2090:Archived 2074:SATA/150 2049:Archived 1991:Archived 1952:Archived 1904:Archived 1866:Archived 1859:support. 1842:PIO 3, 4 1834:Fast IDE 1830:Fast ATA 1811:Archived 1776:ATA, IDE 1556:Device 0 1552:Device 1 1548:Device 0 1536:Device 0 1532:Device 1 1524:Device 1 1520:Device 0 1498:Device 1 1494:Device 0 1490:Device 1 1486:Device 0 1451:Device 1 1439:Device 0 1431:Device 1 1423:Device 0 1412:Device 1 1408:Device 0 1396:Device 0 1388:Device 1 1380:Device 0 1214:chipsets 920:drives, 878:, page 2 873:— 837:"XT-IDE" 802:ISA Slot 634:standard 632:), is a 597:Activity 457:I/O read 192:Parallel 188:Protocol 125:External 91:Designed 74:Designer 51:Two ATA 4646:SLIMbus 4600:PC Card 4584:TOSLINK 4274:Storage 4228:RapidIO 4108:FASTBUS 4063:STD Bus 3960:General 2683:INT 13H 2639:in its 2397:100 ns 2386:120 ns 2375:150 ns 2364:480 ns 2348:240 ns 2337:480 ns 2326:960 ns 2310:120 ns 2299:180 ns 2288:240 ns 2277:383 ns 2266:600 ns 2215: — 2196: — 2166: — 2133: — 2070:UDMA 6, 2064:ATA-7, 2012:UDMA 5, 2006:ATA-6, 1967:ATA-5, 1941:(HPA), 1921:ATA-4, 1787:0, 1, 2 1759:22-bit 1748:2 1458:primary 1402:and/or 1344:grounds 1340:UDMA/66 1249:⁄ 1061:sectors 918:DVD-ROM 810:ISA bus 742:ISA bus 723:ISA bus 707:renamed 653:storage 477:IOCHRDY 387:Data 15 367:Data 14 347:Data 13 327:Data 12 307:Data 11 287:Data 10 165:Bitrate 160:16 bits 4579:S/PDIF 4470:1-Wire 4435:RS-485 4430:RS-423 4425:RS-422 4420:RS-232 4281:ST-506 4238:NVLink 4088:STEbus 4048:Unibus 3623: 2689:IT8212 2672:CE-ATA 2606:Coraid 2581:CD-ROM 2408:80 ns 2247:(MB/s) 2032:(DCO), 1853:PCMCIA 1828:EIDE, 1447:Single 1443:Single 1427:Master 1384:master 1299:Pin 34 1286:Pin 28 1269:Pin 20 1065:MS-DOS 1055:, 256 926:floppy 833:IBM XT 814:ST-506 775:Compaq 680:INCITS 667:, and 649:Compaq 641:IBM PC 607:Ground 602:Pin 40 592:Pin 39 582:Pin 38 572:Pin 37 567:Addr 2 562:Pin 36 557:Addr 0 552:Pin 35 542:Pin 34 537:Addr 1 532:Pin 33 522:Pin 32 512:Pin 31 507:Ground 502:Pin 30 492:Pin 29 482:Pin 28 472:Pin 27 467:Ground 462:Pin 26 452:Pin 25 447:Ground 442:Pin 24 432:Pin 23 427:Ground 422:Pin 22 412:Pin 21 402:Pin 20 397:Ground 392:Pin 19 382:Pin 18 377:Data 0 372:Pin 17 362:Pin 16 357:Data 1 352:Pin 15 342:Pin 14 337:Data 2 332:Pin 13 322:Pin 12 317:Data 3 312:Pin 11 302:Pin 10 297:Data 4 277:Data 5 267:Data 9 257:Data 6 247:Data 8 237:Data 7 227:Ground 198:Pinout 105:(2003) 82:Compaq 4574:McASP 4542:Audio 4487:SMBus 4483:PMBus 4465:UNI/O 4405:HP-IL 4358:SATAe 4343:ESCON 4316:HIPPI 4148:NuBus 4103:CAMAC 4073:Q-Bus 4068:SMBus 4053:VAXBI 3950:wired 3857:(PDF) 3846:(PDF) 3774:(PDF) 3767:(PDF) 3749:(PDF) 3742:(PDF) 3613:(PDF) 3496:(PDF) 3489:(PDF) 3311:(PDF) 3304:(PDF) 2932:(PDF) 2925:(PDF) 2897:(PDF) 2890:(PDF) 2863:(PDF) 2856:(PDF) 2751:(PDF) 2744:(PDF) 2577:ATAPI 2544:of a 2212:ACS-4 2193:ACS-3 2163:ACS-2 2130:ATA-8 2037:(AAM) 1879:ATA-3 1824:ATA-2 1772:ATA-1 1763:(LBA) 1686:cache 1435:Slave 1429:) or 1392:slave 1364:UDMA6 1360:UDMA5 1356:UDMA4 1219:With 1153:LBA48 1136:(144 1125:(137 1109:LBA28 1057:heads 1044:(528 884:ATAPI 691:PC AT 684:ATAPI 497:DDACK 292:Pin 9 282:Pin 8 272:Pin 7 262:Pin 6 252:Pin 5 242:Pin 4 232:Pin 3 222:Pin 2 217:Reset 212:Pin 1 157:Width 133:Cable 4631:AMBA 4569:MADI 4554:AES3 4415:MIDI 4368:NVMe 4364:AHCI 4326:SCSI 4311:DSSI 4286:ESDI 4163:SBus 4123:EISA 4058:MBus 3948:for 3941:and 3286:link 3213:link 3134:link 3084:2020 2940:2016 2905:2014 2790:2012 2759:2012 2542:BIOS 2536:and 2465:66.7 2454:44.4 2443:33.3 2432:25.0 2421:16.7 2383:16.7 2372:13.3 2307:16.7 2296:11.1 2239:Mode 2080:SATA 1883:EIDE 1847:1, 2 1634:BIOS 1627:For 1622:OPAL 1618:NVMe 1616:For 1607:BIOS 1522:and 1460:and 1400:BIOS 1362:and 1200:RAID 1174:and 965:UDMA 932:and 907:SCSI 818:ESDI 816:and 794:CP/M 746:SATA 703:SATA 647:and 618:PATA 417:DDRQ 152:Data 144:Pins 94:1986 80:and 61:Type 4635:AXI 4564:I²S 4518:USB 4503:D²B 4498:SPI 4493:I3C 4475:I²C 4410:HIL 4395:DCB 4366:or 4353:SSA 4336:SAS 4296:SMD 4291:IPI 4213:AGP 4203:PXI 4193:PCI 4188:UPA 4168:VLB 4158:MCA 4143:VPX 4138:VXS 4133:VXI 4128:VME 4113:LPC 4083:ISA 3813:2.1 2498:167 2487:133 2476:100 2361:4.2 2345:8.3 2334:4.2 2323:2.1 2285:8.3 2274:5.2 2263:3.3 2256:PIO 2040:CHS 2019:PiB 1795:GiB 1750:GiB 1743:PIO 1739:IDE 1700:CRC 1488:or 1183:TiB 1134:PiB 1129:). 1123:GiB 1118:456 1115:435 1113:268 1082:MiB 1077:720 1074:686 1071:422 1048:). 1042:MiB 1038:MiB 1033:576 1030:048 1023:304 1020:482 1018:528 1014:MiB 1002:x86 946:MMC 942:T13 671:in 630:IDE 517:IRQ 183:Two 4681:: 4485:, 4481:, 3848:. 3803:^ 3619:. 3615:. 3600:^ 3545:. 3519:. 3438:. 3319:^ 3306:. 3282:}} 3278:{{ 3209:}} 3205:{{ 3189:^ 3130:}} 3126:{{ 3070:. 3044:. 2992:. 2798:^ 2776:. 2560:, 2556:, 2405:25 2394:20 2023:PB 1836:, 1832:, 1799:GB 1766:– 1754:GB 1509:CS 1251:10 1189:. 1178:. 1170:, 1166:, 1138:PB 1127:GB 1046:MB 955:. 675:. 663:, 659:, 147:40 128:No 120:No 4637:) 4633:( 4489:) 4477:( 3931:e 3924:t 3917:v 3888:. 3866:. 3797:. 3783:. 3727:. 3701:. 3675:. 3654:. 3633:. 3594:. 3580:. 3555:. 3530:. 3505:. 3474:. 3449:. 3424:. 3399:. 3393:. 3341:. 3288:) 3257:. 3236:. 3215:) 3183:. 3162:. 3136:) 3107:. 3086:. 3055:. 3029:. 3003:. 2942:. 2907:. 2872:. 2838:. 2792:. 2761:. 2729:. 2451:3 2429:1 2418:0 2402:4 2391:3 2380:2 2369:1 2358:0 2342:2 2331:1 2320:0 2304:4 2293:3 2282:2 2271:1 2260:0 2242:# 2025:) 1930:, 1801:) 1756:) 1745:0 1601:. 1433:( 1425:( 1247:1 1069:8 1028:1 851:. 628:( 616:( 171:: 84:, 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