178:
1457:
20:
270:
Bell's organization was established with a fixed term mandate, which was extended to March 31, 1909, by joint agreement of all its members, with Mrs. Bell contributing an additional $ 10,000 of financing. After Lt. Selfridge's death in
September 1908, McCurdy became the organization's secretary and
98:, Alexander's wife, suggested they create a formal research group to exploit their collective ideas. Being independently wealthy, she provided a total of US$ 35,000 (equivalent to $ 1,190,000 in 2023) to finance the Association, with $ 20,000 made available immediately by the sale of property.
413:'s work with man-carrying box kites. Hargrave declined to take patents on his inventions, similar to Bell's decision not to file patents on some of his inventions. Bell also chose maroon-colored silk as it would show up clearly against the light-colored sky in his photographic studies.
130:
on 3 August 1907, two days after its formation, and was sent to Nova Scotia. A year later, on 17 September 1908, while riding as a passenger with
Orville Wright on a demonstration flight for the U.S. Army, he became the first person killed in an aircraft accident.
271:
Bell's cousin, Charles J. Bell, became the
Association's legal trustee. In March 1909, strained relations arose between Curtiss and the Association's other members. A request for him to attend the association's meeting and resolve the issue went unanswered.
185:
The AEA's work progressed to heavier-than-air machines, applying their knowledge of kites to gliders. The AEA collaboration led to very public success. Casey
Baldwin became the first Canadian and first British subject pilot on 12 March 1908 flight of
117:
and offered them use of a 50 hp engine. Wilbur cordially declined, saying that a motor of their own development met their power needs, unaware that the AEA was about to become a serious competitor in powered flight. Bell wrote to U.S. President
61:
According to Bell, the AEA was a "co-operative scientific association, not for gain but for the love of the art and doing what we can to help one another." Although the association had no significant commercial impact, one of its members,
94:. McCurdy had grown up there, and his father was the personal secretary of Bell. He had grown up close to the Bell family and was well received in their home. One day, as the three sat with Bell discussing the problems of aviation,
238:
on a circular course over a distance of more than 32 km (20 mi), a feat that the
Wrights had already accomplished in 1905. The Association made the first passenger flight in Canada on 2 August, also in the
286:. This new development, plus the fact that it effectively displaced the AEA's headquarters at Curtiss' own facility in Hammondsport, resulted in the AEA's mandate expiring without further extension on March 31.
1262:
31:, c. August 1911. The starboard-side of the transverse "shoulder-yoke" hinged structure for aileron control, in the general form of an upper seat support frame, is visible beside the seated pilot.
50:
The AEA produced several different aircraft in quick succession, with each member acting as principal designer for at least one. The group introduced key technical innovations, notably wingtip
181:
Aerial
Experiment Association members Casey Baldwin, Tom Selfridge, Glenn Curtiss, Alexander Graham Bell, John McCurdy and Augustus Post serving as observer from Aero Club of America.
1160:
1312:
1055:
1307:
1383:
166:
1347:
1287:
535:
How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a
Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda
1393:
177:
127:
1481:
1388:
973:
1491:
1398:
1297:
1135:
1090:
910:
878:
848:
591:
570:
422:
Quote: "Professor
Alexander Graham Bell's New Machine, Built After Plans by Lieutenant Selfridge, Shown to Be Practicable by Flight Over
1501:
1048:
67:
1432:
893:
863:
840:
683:"Selfridge Aerodrome Sails Steadily for 319 Feet. At 25 to 30 miles an Hour. First Public Trip of Heavier-than-air Car in America."
230:, also constructed in 1908, made the first controlled powered flight in Canada on 23 February 1909 when it was flown off the ice of
555:
How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a
Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States
1421:
1496:
1460:
1041:
79:
24:
946:
1426:
562:
542:
165:
crashed during a flight carrying
Selfridge) in the period from 1907 to 1912. Some of Bell's kites are on display at the
1486:
1367:
1337:
146:
and wings constructed of multiple compound tetrahedral kites covered in maroon silk. The tetrahedral wings were named
1413:
652:
609:
375:
built after the AEA had disbanded, constructed at Baddeck Kite House, Nova Scotia, and Bell's final aviation pursuit.
440:, the engineer in charge of its construction. The machine was built by the Aerial Experiment Association for Lieut.
234:
near Baddeck by McCurdy, who had been one of its designers. On 10 March 1909, McCurdy set a record when he flew the
1352:
1342:
1292:
1186:
966:
1440:
1332:
114:
83:
43:) was a Canadian-American aeronautical research group formed on 30 September 1907, under the leadership of Dr.
1155:
1125:
1120:
1080:
283:
1282:
1216:
1145:
427:
275:
247:
95:
497:
1064:
959:
87:
44:
1130:
279:
91:
1357:
1165:
685:
213:
274:
It was also in March that Curtiss abruptly announced a new commercial venture—in partnership with
1408:
1150:
1115:
951:
505:
119:
553:
533:
1327:
1302:
1095:
906:
889:
874:
859:
844:
836:
410:
231:
1211:
1206:
1196:
1110:
549:
529:
441:
385:
143:
140:
123:
1247:
1105:
1100:
1017:
656:
613:
346:
259:
225:
218:
110:
102:
927:
Bell and Baldwin: Their Development of Aerodromes and Hydrodromes at Baddeck, Nova Scotia
217:
Trophy by making the first official one-kilometer flight in North America, although the
1252:
1201:
1181:
999:
314:
300:
197:
122:
to have an interested young officer who had volunteered his help, U.S. Army Lieutenant
101:
Curtiss, the American motorcycle designer and manufacturer and a recognized expert on
1475:
1403:
1272:
1267:
1191:
1140:
1085:
437:
368:
106:
63:
55:
1242:
1237:
1011:
1005:
994:
888:(Canada's Illustrated Heritage). Toronto: Natural Science of Canada Limited, 1977.
431:
323:
305:
206:
188:
109:
assisted as representative from the Aero Club of America. Curtiss had visited the
925:
900:
830:
1317:
1277:
255:
19:
1362:
1232:
1022:
426:. Portion of Tail Gives Way, Bringing the Test to an End. Views of an Expert.
423:
355:
341:
649:
606:
66:, later established a commercial venture that would ultimately become the
372:
251:
1033:
592:"Mabel Bell Was A Focal Figure In The First Flight of the Silver Dart."
296:
202:
51:
28:
430:, 12 March 1908. Professor Alexander Graham Bell's new aeroplane, the
365:(1909), Bell design, single-seat powered aircraft with unorthodox wing
941:
1263:
Alexander Graham Bell Association for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing
176:
105:, was recruited as a member of the association, and his associate
1322:
126:, officially detailed to Baddeck. Selfridge was assigned to the
1037:
955:
409:
Bell was inspired in part by Australian aeronautical engineer
27:
at the controls of an airplane during an aviation 'meet' near
258:
successfully flew the first powered seaplane in history, the
722:
720:
710:
708:
698:
696:
670:
668:
250:, where in 1908 pioneering experimentation was done on
1161:
Second International Congress on Education of the Deaf
453:
Built by McCurdy and Baldwin for Alexander Graham Bell
201:, also of 1908, was the first airplane to have Bell's
436:, was given its test flight over Lake Keuka today by
311:(1908), Selfridge design, single-seat powered biplane
1313:
Elisha Gray and Alexander Bell telephone controversy
835:, New York: Crown Publishers, 1981, pp. 12–15,
299:
hang glider based on the designs and data shared by
1376:
1225:
1174:
1071:
329:(1908), Curtiss design, single-seat powered biplane
320:(1908), Baldwin design, single-seat powered biplane
871:Aviation in Canada: The Pioneer Decades, Vol. 1.
597:29 September 2008. Retrieved: 24 February 2012.
211:, also of 1908 and piloted by Curtiss, won the
1308:Edison Gower-Bell Telephone Company of Europe
1049:
967:
480:
478:
8:
1384:Alexander Graham Bell National Historic Site
167:Alexander Graham Bell National Historic Site
1348:New England Telephone and Telegraph Company
931:Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1964.
161:, and were flown both uncrewed and crewed (
70:. The AEA was disbanded on 31 March 1909.
1288:Canadian Aerodrome Baddeck No. 1 and No. 2
1056:
1042:
1034:
974:
960:
952:
619:2 April 2010. Retrieved: 24 February 2012.
86:, two recent engineering graduates of the
1394:Alexander Graham Bell honors and tributes
832:Curtiss, The Hammondsport Era, 1907-1915
128:Aeronautical Division, U.S. Signal Corps
18:
1389:Alexander Graham Bell School (Illinois)
902:Mabel Bell: Alexander's Silent Partner.
571:"Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–"
465:
402:
352:(1909), McCurdy design, powered biplane
221:had already accomplished this in 1904.
1399:Bell Homestead National Historic Site
1298:Clarke Schools for Hearing and Speech
1136:Hubbard Bell Grossman Pillot Memorial
983:Aerial Experimental Association (AEA)
569:Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis.
278:and backed by wealthy members of the
7:
858:Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson, 1979.
640:, New South Wales, 1924, p. 46.
498:"Aeroplane Factory for This Country"
492:
490:
246:Much development also took place in
650:"Nova Scotia's Electric Scrapbook."
68:Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company
1433:The Story of Alexander Graham Bell
607:"First Airplane Flight In Canada."
254:carried out by Curtiss. In France
14:
947:The Aerial Experiment Association
617:Nova Scotia's Electric Scrapbook,
290:Aircraft designed and constructed
224:Their fourth flying machine, the
90:, decided to spend the summer in
16:1907–1909 aircraft research group
1456:
1455:
1422:IEEE Alexander Graham Bell Medal
886:Into the 20th Century: 1900/1910
139:In 1898, Bell experimented with
662:. Retrieved: 29 December 2009.
80:John Alexander Douglas McCurdy
25:John Alexander Douglas McCurdy
1:
1482:1907 establishments in Canada
1427:Pioneers, a Volunteer Network
1258:Aerial Experiment Association
78:The AEA came into being when
37:Aerial Experiment Association
1492:Victoria County, Nova Scotia
873:Toronto: CANAV Books, 2008.
563:American Antiquarian Society
543:American Antiquarian Society
205:. The following design, the
84:Frederick W. "Casey" Baldwin
1368:Volta Laboratory and Bureau
1338:National Geographic Society
265:
1518:
1502:Aviation history of Canada
1353:Oriental Telephone Company
1343:National Telephone Company
1293:Canadian Aerodrome Company
1086:Beinn Bhreagh, Nova Scotia
509:. March 4, 1909. p. 9
266:Organization's dissolution
1451:
1441:The Sound and the Silence
990:
735:Phillips 1977, pp. 95–96.
628:Toward 1984, pp. 141–155.
472:Milberry 1979, pp. 12–13.
1333:Life Extension Institute
905:Toronto: Methuen, 1984.
115:aeronautical engineering
29:Toronto, Ontario, Canada
1404:Bell Telephone Memorial
1156:Melville Bell Grosvenor
1126:Gilbert Hovey Grosvenor
1121:Gardiner Greene Hubbard
1081:Alexander Melville Bell
942:A Most Noble Experiment
284:Herring-Curtiss Company
1283:Bell Telephone Company
1217:Walter Seymour Allward
1146:Mabel Gardiner Hubbard
807:Casey 1981, pp. 34–36.
798:Casey 1981, pp. 24–27.
780:Casey 1981, pp. 36–37.
762:Casey 1981, pp. 40–41.
726:Casey 1981, pp. 28–33.
714:Casey 1981, pp. 16–23.
702:Casey 1981, pp. 12–15.
428:Hammondsport, New York
276:Augustus Moore Herring
248:Hammondsport, New York
182:
32:
1497:Alexander Graham Bell
1091:Bell House (Virginia)
1065:Alexander Graham Bell
816:Milberry 2008, p. 73.
771:Phillips 1977, p. 97.
674:Casey 1981, pp. 8–11.
484:Milberry 1979, p. 13.
180:
88:University of Toronto
56:tricycle landing gear
45:Alexander Graham Bell
22:
1187:Charles Williams Jr.
1131:Gilbert M. Grosvenor
789:Casey 1981, pp. 6–7.
371:(1910), tetrahedral
280:Aero Club of America
92:Baddeck, Nova Scotia
1358:Phonograph cylinder
856:Aviation in Canada.
686:The Washington Post
295:AEA Glider (1907),
214:Scientific American
1487:Aviation in Canada
1409:Graham Bell Island
1151:Mabel H. Grosvenor
1116:Edwin S. Grosvenor
899:Toward, Lilias M.
753:Casey 1981, p. 37.
744:Casey 1981, p. 60.
655:2009-04-17 at the
612:2009-12-19 at the
506:The New York Times
183:
120:Theodore Roosevelt
33:
1469:
1468:
1328:Hubbard Monoplane
1303:Dictation machine
1031:
1030:
911:978-0-458-98090-1
884:Phillips, Allan.
879:978-0-921022-19-0
869:Milberry, Larry.
854:Milberry, Larry.
849:978-0-517543-26-9
638:Technical Gazette
595:Cape Breton Post,
411:Lawrence Hargrave
332:Aerodrome No. 3A
262:, in March 1910.
173:Later AEA designs
144:tetrahedral kites
135:First experiments
1509:
1459:
1458:
1212:Thomas A. Watson
1207:Thomas Selfridge
1197:Marcellus Bailey
1111:Graham Fairchild
1058:
1051:
1044:
1035:
976:
969:
962:
953:
924:Parkin, John H.
829:Casey, Louis S.
817:
814:
808:
805:
799:
796:
790:
787:
781:
778:
772:
769:
763:
760:
754:
751:
745:
742:
736:
733:
727:
724:
715:
712:
703:
700:
691:
681:
675:
672:
663:
647:
641:
635:
629:
626:
620:
604:
598:
590:Gillis, Rannie.
588:
582:
581:
579:
577:
566:
560:
546:
540:
525:
519:
518:
516:
514:
502:
494:
485:
482:
473:
470:
454:
451:
445:
442:Thomas Selfridge
420:
414:
407:
386:1911 in aviation
356:Aerodrome No. 5
347:Aerodrome No. 4
324:Aerodrome No. 3
315:Aerodrome No. 2
306:Aerodrome No. 1
124:Thomas Selfridge
103:gasoline engines
1517:
1516:
1512:
1511:
1510:
1508:
1507:
1506:
1472:
1471:
1470:
1465:
1447:
1372:
1248:AEA Silver Dart
1221:
1170:
1166:Telephone Cases
1106:David Fairchild
1101:Chichester Bell
1073:
1067:
1062:
1032:
1027:
986:
980:
938:
921:
919:Further reading
916:
825:
820:
815:
811:
806:
802:
797:
793:
788:
784:
779:
775:
770:
766:
761:
757:
752:
748:
743:
739:
734:
730:
725:
718:
713:
706:
701:
694:
682:
678:
673:
666:
657:Wayback Machine
648:
644:
636:
632:
627:
623:
614:Wayback Machine
605:
601:
589:
585:
575:
573:
568:
558:
550:McCusker, J. J.
548:
538:
530:McCusker, J. J.
528:
526:
522:
512:
510:
500:
496:
495:
488:
483:
476:
471:
467:
463:
458:
457:
452:
448:
421:
417:
408:
404:
399:
394:
382:
292:
268:
260:Fabre Hydravion
195:Its successor,
175:
137:
111:Wright brothers
82:and his friend
76:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1515:
1513:
1505:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1474:
1473:
1467:
1466:
1464:
1463:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1446:
1445:
1437:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1380:
1378:
1374:
1373:
1371:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1253:AEA White Wing
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1229:
1227:
1223:
1222:
1220:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1202:Thomas Cowherd
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1182:Anthony Pollok
1178:
1176:
1172:
1171:
1169:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1096:Bras d'Or Lake
1093:
1088:
1083:
1077:
1075:
1069:
1068:
1063:
1061:
1060:
1053:
1046:
1038:
1029:
1028:
1026:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1002:
997:
991:
988:
987:
981:
979:
978:
971:
964:
956:
950:
949:
944:
937:
936:External links
934:
933:
932:
920:
917:
915:
914:
897:
882:
867:
852:
826:
824:
821:
819:
818:
809:
800:
791:
782:
773:
764:
755:
746:
737:
728:
716:
704:
692:
676:
664:
642:
630:
621:
599:
583:
567:1800–present:
520:
486:
474:
464:
462:
459:
456:
455:
446:
415:
401:
400:
398:
395:
393:
390:
389:
388:
381:
378:
377:
376:
366:
353:
344:
340:modified as a
330:
321:
312:
303:
301:Octave Chanute
291:
288:
267:
264:
232:Bras d'Or Lake
174:
171:
136:
133:
75:
72:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1514:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1479:
1477:
1462:
1454:
1453:
1450:
1443:
1442:
1438:
1435:
1434:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1417:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1381:
1379:
1375:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1273:Bell Oionus I
1271:
1269:
1268:Bell Boatyard
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1230:
1228:
1224:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1192:Glenn Curtiss
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1179:
1177:
1173:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1141:Kendall Myers
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1076:
1070:
1066:
1059:
1054:
1052:
1047:
1045:
1040:
1039:
1036:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1013:
1008:
1007:
1003:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
992:
989:
984:
977:
972:
970:
965:
963:
958:
957:
954:
948:
945:
943:
940:
939:
935:
930:
928:
923:
922:
918:
912:
908:
904:
903:
898:
895:
894:0-919644-22-8
891:
887:
883:
880:
876:
872:
868:
865:
864:0-07-082778-8
861:
857:
853:
850:
846:
842:
841:0-517543-26-5
838:
834:
833:
828:
827:
822:
813:
810:
804:
801:
795:
792:
786:
783:
777:
774:
768:
765:
759:
756:
750:
747:
741:
738:
732:
729:
723:
721:
717:
711:
709:
705:
699:
697:
693:
689:
687:
680:
677:
671:
669:
665:
661:
658:
654:
651:
646:
643:
639:
634:
631:
625:
622:
618:
615:
611:
608:
603:
600:
596:
593:
587:
584:
572:
564:
557:
556:
551:
544:
537:
536:
531:
524:
521:
508:
507:
499:
493:
491:
487:
481:
479:
475:
469:
466:
460:
450:
447:
443:
439:
438:F. W. Baldwin
435:
434:
429:
425:
419:
416:
412:
406:
403:
396:
391:
387:
384:
383:
379:
374:
370:
369:Bell Oionus I
367:
364:
363:
359:
354:
351:
350:
345:
343:
339:
335:
331:
328:
327:
322:
319:
318:
313:
310:
309:
304:
302:
298:
294:
293:
289:
287:
285:
281:
277:
272:
263:
261:
257:
253:
249:
244:
242:
237:
233:
229:
228:
222:
220:
216:
215:
210:
209:
204:
200:
199:
193:
191:
190:
179:
172:
170:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
149:
145:
142:
134:
132:
129:
125:
121:
116:
112:
108:
107:Augustus Post
104:
99:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
73:
71:
69:
65:
64:Glenn Curtiss
59:
57:
53:
48:
46:
42:
38:
30:
26:
21:
1439:
1431:
1415:
1257:
1243:AEA Red Wing
1238:AEA June Bug
1010:
1004:
982:
926:
901:
885:
870:
855:
831:
823:Bibliography
812:
803:
794:
785:
776:
767:
758:
749:
740:
731:
690:13 May 1908.
684:
679:
659:
645:
637:
633:
624:
616:
602:
594:
586:
576:February 29,
574:. Retrieved
554:
534:
523:
513:November 11,
511:. Retrieved
504:
468:
449:
432:
418:
405:
361:
357:
348:
337:
333:
325:
316:
307:
282:—called the
273:
269:
245:
240:
235:
226:
223:
212:
207:
196:
194:
187:
184:
162:
158:
154:
150:
147:
138:
100:
77:
60:
49:
40:
36:
34:
1444:(1992 film)
1436:(1939 film)
1318:Graphophone
1278:Bell System
1018:Silver Dart
547:1700–1799:
527:1634–1699:
349:Silver Dart
256:Henri Fabre
241:Silver Dart
236:Silver Dart
227:Silver Dart
141:man-lifting
113:to discuss
23:AEA member
1476:Categories
1363:Photophone
1233:AEA Cygnet
1000:White Wing
424:Keuka Lake
392:References
362:Cygnet III
342:floatplane
317:White Wing
198:White Wing
96:Mabel Bell
1416:Bras d'Or
660:ns1763.ca
461:Citations
444:, U.S.A."
358:Cygnet II
192:.
1461:Category
1377:Tributes
1072:Life and
1006:June Bug
995:Red Wing
985:aircraft
653:Archived
610:Archived
552:(1992).
532:(1997).
433:Red Wing
380:See also
373:triplane
338:June Bug
336:(1908),
326:June Bug
308:Red Wing
252:seaplane
208:June Bug
203:ailerons
189:Red Wing
163:Cygnet I
54:and the
52:ailerons
297:biplane
219:Wrights
74:Origins
1175:People
1074:family
1023:Cygnet
909:
892:
877:
862:
847:
839:
360:&
148:Cygnet
1414:HMCS
1226:Works
559:(PDF)
539:(PDF)
501:(PDF)
397:Notes
1323:HD-4
1012:Loon
907:ISBN
890:ISBN
875:ISBN
860:ISBN
845:ISBN
837:ISBN
578:2024
515:2021
334:Loon
157:and
35:The
159:III
41:AEA
1478::
843:,
719:^
707:^
695:^
667:^
561:.
541:.
503:.
489:^
477:^
243:.
169:.
155:II
153:,
58:.
47:.
1057:e
1050:t
1043:v
1009:/
975:e
968:t
961:v
929:.
913:.
896:.
881:.
866:.
851:.
688:,
580:.
565:.
545:.
517:.
151:I
39:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
