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877:
came to an end with the arrival of
General Montgomery in Tripoli on 23 January 1943. According to Maurice Remy, although there were antisemitic individuals in the Afrika Korps, actual cases of abuse are not known, even against the Jewish soldiers of the Eighth Army. Remy quotes Isaac Levy, the Senior Jewish Chaplain of the Eighth Army, as saying that he had never seen "any sign or hint that the soldiers are antisemitic."
77:
678:. Rommel, meanwhile, was placed in command of a new Army Group Africa, created to control both the Italian 1st Army and the 5th Panzer Army. The remnants of the Afrika Korps and surviving units of the 1st Italian Army retreated into Tunisia. Command of the Army Group was turned over to Arnim in March. On 13 May, the Afrika Korps surrendered, along with all other remaining Axis forces in North Africa.
659:
897:
concentration camps, which were "not built to exterminate its inmates", yet as the water and food supply was meager, were not built to keep humans alive either. Also according to
Gershom, the German consul in Tripoli knew about the process and trucks used to transport supply to Rommel were sometimes used to transport Jews, despite all problems the German forces were having. The
6005:
910:
military activities. The Jews complied with their demands, some out of fear and others out of strict economic interest. By the end of their time in Libya, this strategic economic arrangement led the
Germans to perceive the Jews as similar to the native Muslims and they therefore regarded the Jews to be less threatening than their brethren in Europe."
876:
that as the German and
Italian forces retreated across Libya towards Tunisia, the Jewish population became victims upon which they released their anger and frustration. According to Satloff, Afrika Korps soldiers plundered Jewish property all along the Libyan coast. This violence and persecution only
905:
writes that: "The
Italians were far more brutal with civilians, including Libyan Jews, than Rommelâs Afrika Korps, which by all accounts abided by the laws of war. But nobody worried that the Italians who sent Jews to concentration camps in Libya, would invade British-held Egypt, let alone Mandatory
909:
According to
Maurice Roumani, "Libyan Jews noted that in daily matters, the Germans largely acted out of pragmatic economic interest rather than adopting the political and ideological practices known elsewhere. The German authorities found Libyan Jews well equipped with goods they needed for their
896:
and other smaller towns in
Tripolitania. This measure was accompanied by shooting, also in Benghazi, of some Jews guilty of having welcomed the British troops, on their arrival, treating them as liberators." Gershom states that Italian authorities were responsible for bringing Jews into their
611:
On 15 August 1941, the German 5th Light
Division was redesignated 21st Panzer Division, the higher formation of which was still the Afrika Korps. During the summer of 1941, the OKW increased the presence in Africa and created a new headquarters called
522:. First sent as a holding force to shore up the Italian defense of its African colonies, the formation fought on in Africa, under various appellations, from March 1941 until its surrender in May 1943. The unit's best known commander was Field Marshal
724:
The Afrika Korps was restructured and renamed in August 1941. "Afrikakorps" was the official name of the force for less than six months but the officers and men used it for the duration. The
Afrikakorps was the major German component of
501:
620:. The Panzer Group comprised the Afrika Korps, with some additional German units now in North Africa, plus two corps of Italian units. The Panzer Group was, in turn, redesignated as Panzer Army Africa on 30 January 1942.
5876:
830:
The Afrika Korps gained a reputation by the Allies and by many historians as being magnanimous with Allied prisoners of war; since then many historians have used the term "War without hate" to describe the
891:
Giordana
Terracina writes that: "On April 3, the Italians recaptured Benghazi and a few months later the Afrika Korps led by Rommel was sent to Libya and began the deportation of the Jews of Cyrenaica in
6047:
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592:. The German blocking force, commanded by Rommel, at first consisted of a force based only on Panzer Regiment 5, which was put together from the second regiment of the
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670:
On 23 February 1943, the original Panzer Army Africa, which had since been re-styled as the German-Italian Panzer Army, was now redesignated as the
415:
366:
5839:
5660:
4280:
3729:
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1257:"Hidden responsibilities. The deportation of Libyan Jews in the concentration camp of Civitella del Tronto and the confinement town of Camerino"
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when they arrived in Africa from 10 February â 12 March 1941. In late April and into May, the 5th Light Division was joined by elements of
5227:
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5881:
4023:
4009:
3215:
5305:
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1313:
5861:
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5552:
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38:
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of Afrika Corps prisoners of war, captioned "laden with the loot of many country's, the Africa-Corps is brought into captivity."
6037:
5113:
4954:
4779:
4538:
4497:
4390:
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2152:
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1994:
1824:
1809:
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604:, transferred from Italy. At this time, the Afrika Korps consisted of the two divisions, and was subordinated to the Italian
458:
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1974:
1934:
1819:
1814:
1804:
1754:
1714:
943:
923:
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616:. On 15 August, the Panzer Group was activated with Rommel in command, and command of the Afrika Korps was turned over to
370:
45:
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3784:
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3321:
2999:
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2473:
2432:
2404:
2079:
2039:
2019:
1989:
1979:
1969:
1929:
1909:
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2014:
1984:
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1939:
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1719:
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as a whole. However, Jewish people suffered during the fascist regime laws, and the local administration took part in
624:
246:
5394:
4598:
2992:
705:, his command included a number of Italian units, including four infantry divisions. Two Italian armoured divisions,
4890:
4809:
4754:
4642:
4248:
3874:
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108:
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231:
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181:
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1445:, vol. II, Washington: Department of the Navy, Fleet Marine Force Reference Publication 12-96-II
843:
636:
581:
450:
407:
358:
313:
221:
31:
1281:
War of Shadows: Codebreakers, Spies, and the Secret Struggle to Drive the Nazis from the Middle East
5903:
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5356:
5234:
5190:
4712:
3846:
3605:
3132:
2962:
2946:
2895:
2197:
2187:
1020:
589:
551:
was to have commanded it, but Hitler loathed von Funck, as he had been a personal staff officer of
206:
5794:
5773:
5575:
5408:
5333:
5287:
5257:
5165:
5005:
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663:
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211:
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1078:
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1024:
849:
764:
617:
605:
585:
279:
196:
1336:
767:: August 1941 â May 1942. CrĂŒwell landed near British troops on 29 May and was taken prisoner
5485:
5478:
5422:
5086:
4851:
4837:
4740:
4677:
4628:
4441:
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4241:
4051:
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251:
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782:
770:
718:
648:
632:
482:
287:
191:
64:
1013:
881:
comments: "Accounts suggest that it was not Field Marshal Erwin Rommel but the ruthless
5515:
5051:
4977:
3022:
2881:
1415:
1162:
918:
Certain divisions were re-formed in Europe after the cessation of fighting in Tunisia:
869:
675:
640:
573:
548:
381:
159:
128:
37:"Africa Corps" redirects here. For the rebranded Russian private military company, see
332:
6026:
5326:
3244:
3093:
2932:
1008:
865:
861:
836:
806:
569:
424:
163:
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3722:
3627:
3258:
2621:
2385:
885:
758:
544:
540:
523:
519:
275:
98:
76:
297:
5652:
1204:
1190:
Among the Righteous: Lost Stories from the Holocaust's Long Reach into Arab Lands
1135:
874:
Among the Righteous: Lost Stories from the Holocaust's Long Reach into Arab Lands
5264:
5250:
4912:
3581:
3402:
3387:
2741:
1490:
1469:
812:
788:
690:
686:
4619:
4372:
4351:
3237:
2570:
2498:
658:
4882:
4287:
4084:
3895:
3686:
3641:
2658:
853:
17:
3162:
1233:"Search Results Web results Rommel's sunken gold 'found' by British expert"
864:
and ill treatment at the hands of the Italian administration, including a
3146:
2874:
635:), the OKW once more upgraded the presence in Africa by adding first the
5683:
3763:
839:
deporting some thousands of Jews to Italy, under the supervision of
3951:
820:
Treatment of local inhabitants and the Italian colonial government
657:
142:
5877:
89th (Cinque Ports) Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery
749:(Army Group Africa) during the 27 months of the Desert campaign.
5656:
2358:
2354:
1494:
428:
385:
336:
301:
5987:
27:
German expeditionary military force deployed to North Africa
5872:
51st (London) Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery
514:, was the German expeditionary force in Africa during the
547:, was designated as commander on 11 February. Originally
1439:
German Experiences in Desert Warfare During World War II
1314:"Book review: Gorenberg demythologizes the 'Desert Fox'"
1074:
Inside the Afrika Korps: The Crusader Battles, 1941-1942
685:(POW) were transported to the United States and held in
588:(9 December 1940 â 9 February 1941) and captured at the
693:
in Texas and other POW camps until the end of the war.
3016:
Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany
539:
The Afrika Korps formed on 11 January 1941 and one of
1338:
Jews of Libya: Coexistence, Persecution, Resettlement
6048:
Military units and formations disestablished in 1943
651:
on 8 December, under the command of Colonel-General
5914:
5856:
Artillery: (some original units, some replacements)
5787:
5737:
5691:
5384:
5112:
4953:
4778:
4537:
4389:
4327:
4231:
4222:
4103:
3829:
3739:
3580:
3283:
3274:
3032:
2857:
2710:
2472:
2465:
2336:
2314:
2259:
2210:
2170:
2120:
2107:
2072:
2007:
1952:
1897:
1842:
1787:
1732:
1667:
1602:
1542:
1529:
445:
435:
402:
392:
353:
343:
308:
269:
264:
169:
155:
138:
124:
114:
104:
94:
86:
53:
5882:13th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery
1468:
1414:
1231:
1137:The Armour of Rommel's Afrika Korps - Introduction
713:, initially remained under Italian control as the
6043:Military units and formations established in 1941
568:, OKW) had decided to send a "blocking force" to
1164:War Without Hate: The Desert Campaign of 1940â43
1436:Toppe, Generalmajor Alfred (7 November 1990) ,
1209:(in German). Munich: List Verlag. p. 95.
5668:
2370:
1506:
888:who stripped Tunisian Jews of their wealth."
701:When Rommel was promoted to the newly formed
674:and put under the command of Italian general
8:
841:
743:
735:
727:
580:had been routed by the British Commonwealth
560:
5835:Polish Independent Carpathian Rifle Brigade
1047:Rommel's Afrika Korps: Tobruk to El Alamein
996:Rommel's Afrika Korps: Tobruk to El Alamein
623:After the German and Italian defeat in the
5867:4th Anti-Aircraft Brigade (United Kingdom)
5675:
5661:
5653:
4228:
3280:
2469:
2377:
2363:
2355:
2207:
2167:
2117:
2069:
2004:
1949:
1894:
1839:
1784:
1729:
1664:
1599:
1539:
1513:
1499:
1491:
1341:. Liverpool University Press. p. 45.
1044:Pier Paolo Battistelli (20 January 2013).
425:
382:
333:
298:
30:"DAK" redirects here. For other uses, see
596:. These elements were organized into the
555:until von Fritsch was dismissed in 1938.
5975:90th Light Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)
647:on 19 November 1942, then an additional
463:133rd (Italian) "Littorio" Armoured Div.
6000:
5840:70th Infantry Division (United Kingdom)
1398:. Chelsea, MI, USA: Scarborough House.
1097:
1050:. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 12â.
987:
5845:16th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)
4209:Romanian prisoners in the Soviet Union
1278:Gorenberg, Gershom (19 January 2021).
558:The German Armed Forces High Command (
459:132nd (Italian) "Ariete" Armoured Div.
50:
5080:Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign
4512:Japanese invasion of French Indochina
4158:Italian prisoners in the Soviet Union
4114:Finnish prisoners in the Soviet Union
3212:Rape during the occupation of Germany
1244:from the original on 10 January 2022.
1121:
1109:
493:
7:
5830:Czechoslovak 11th Infantry Battalion
4202:Polish prisoners in the Soviet Union
3227:Rape during the liberation of France
1335:Roumani, Maurice M. (1 March 2008).
1161:Bierman, John; Smith, Colin (2004),
1071:Bruce Gudmundsson (30 August 2016).
387:German Africa Corps (September 1942)
338:German Afrika korps (November 1941)
5946:101st Motorized Division "Trieste"
5862:1st Regiment Royal Horse Artillery
4428:German invasion of the Netherlands
2701:Weather events during World War II
430:German Africa Corps (January 1943)
25:
5059:Northern Burma and Western Yunnan
1077:. Frontline Books. pp. 19â.
998:. Osprey Publishing, 2006, p. 82.
631:landings in Morocco and Algeria (
495:[ËdÉÊtÊÉsËÊaËfÊikaËkoËÉÌŻ]
322:102nd (Italien) "Trento" Division
39:Wagner Group activities in Africa
6033:Corps of Germany in World War II
6003:
5967:21st Panzer Division (Wehrmacht)
5962:15th Panzer Division (Wehrmacht)
5619:
933:21st Panzer Division (in France)
901:s review of Gershom Gorenberg's
779:: September 1942 â November 1942
737:Deutsch-Italienische Panzerarmee
371:55th (Italian) "Savona" Division
75:
5930:55th Infantry Division "Savona"
5922:132nd Armored Division "Ariete"
894:the concentration camp of Giado
761:: 6 February 1941 â August 1941
662:1943 drawing by US army artist
303:German Africa Corps (June 1941)
5938:61st Infantry Division "Sirte"
5306:Vietnamese famine of 1944â1945
3009:Territorial changes of Germany
2917:Indonesian National Revolution
1284:. PublicAffairs. p. 251.
1230:Samuel, Henry (18 July 2007).
1134:Ian Baxter (30 January 2019).
1015:D-Day: The Battle for Normandy
937:Hermann Göring Panzer Division
797:: January 1943 â February 1943
791:: November 1942 â January 1943
733:, which was later renamed the
90:21 February 1941 â 13 May 1943
1:
5970:Originally 5th Light Division
5753:(December 1940-February 1941)
5738:Allied campaigns and offences
4706:Japanese invasion of Thailand
4657:Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran
4421:German invasion of Luxembourg
2795:Mediterranean and Middle East
1453:– via theblackvault.com
1203:Remy, Maurice Philip (2002).
944:90th Panzergrenadier Division
924:15th Panzergrenadier Division
856:commander of the Axis in the
795:Kurt Freiherr von Liebenstein
717:under the command of General
46:Afrika Korps (disambiguation)
5894:Eighth Army (United Kingdom)
4613:Invasion of the Soviet Union
4302:Occupation of Czechoslovakia
3613:Independent State of Croatia
1417:Rommel As Military Commander
1375:I Was There When It Happened
1255:Terracina, Giordana (2016).
416:90th Light Infantry Division
6053:War crimes of the Wehrmacht
5597:End of World War II in Asia
5437:Western invasion of Germany
4944:Chinese famine of 1942â1943
4921:Second Battle of El Alamein
4491:Hundred Regiments Offensive
4463:Battle of the Mediterranean
4316:Italian invasion of Albania
2483:Air warfare of World War II
1421:. New York: B&N Books.
1373:Beasley, Jimmy Lee (2010).
773:: May 1942 â September 1942
697:Composition and terminology
625:Second Battle of El Alamein
247:Second Battle of El Alamein
6069:
5523:Naval bombardment of Japan
4891:First Battle of El Alamein
4810:Battle of Christmas Island
4755:Japanese invasion of Burma
4519:Italian invasion of Greece
4435:German invasion of Belgium
4407:German invasion of Denmark
4380:1939â1940 Winter Offensive
4249:Second Italo-Ethiopian War
2506:Comparative military ranks
1019:. London: Viking. p.
823:
715:Italian XX Motorized Corps
563:Oberkommando der Wehrmacht
440:German-Italian Panzer Army
237:First Battle of El Alamein
43:
36:
29:
5699:British capture of Tobruk
5612:
5444:BratislavaâBrno offensive
5375:Dutch famine of 1944â1945
4999:Allied invasion of Sicily
4859:Aleutian Islands campaign
4831:Zhejiang-Jiangxi campaign
4769:Greek famine of 1941â1944
4664:Second Battle of Changsha
4569:German invasion of Greece
4414:Battle of ZaoyangâYichang
2749:North and Central Pacific
2392:
1467:Macksey, Kenneth (1968).
1395:The German Army 1933â1945
922:15th Panzer Division (as
74:
58:
5818:3rd Indian Motor Brigade
5813:7th Division (Australia)
5807:9th Division (Australia)
5777:(November-December 1941)
5036:Allied invasion of Italy
5013:Solomon Islands campaign
4762:Third Battle of Changsha
4359:First Battle of Changsha
4265:Second Sino-Japanese War
3198:German military brothels
3064:United States war crimes
1431:– via archive.org.
1392:Cooper, Matthew (1990).
1188:Satloff, Robert (2006),
994:Pier Paolo Battistelli.
962:Ramcke Parachute Brigade
942:90th Light Division (as
815:: March 1943 (Surrender)
777:Wilhelm Ritter von Thoma
284:Wilhelm Ritter von Thoma
81:Seal of the Afrika Korps
5850:4th Royal Tank Regiment
5745:Western Desert campaign
5686:in the Second World War
5458:Second Guangxi campaign
5313:Philippines (1944â1945)
4817:Battle of the Coral Sea
4720:Fall of the Philippines
4366:Battle of South Guangxi
4272:Battles of Khalkhin Gol
3671:Italian Social Republic
1413:Lewin, Ronald (1998) .
967:Western Desert Campaign
860:. Others suffered from
809:: February â March 1943
543:'s favourite generals,
242:Battle of Alam el Halfa
6038:German units in Africa
5726:Axis capture of Tobruk
5692:Fighting around Tobruk
5043:Armistice of Cassibile
4845:Battle of Dutch Harbor
4796:Battle of the Java Sea
4699:Attack on Pearl Harbor
4599:SyriaâLebanon campaign
4592:Battle of South Shanxi
4562:Invasion of Yugoslavia
4345:Battle of the Atlantic
3959:Korean Liberation Army
3665:(until September 1943)
3622:(until September 1944)
3600:(until September 1944)
1312:Immanuel, Jon (2021).
872:described in his book
842:
833:North African campaign
826:The Holocaust in Libya
744:
736:
728:
667:
561:
516:North African campaign
486:
367:Division z.b.V. Afrika
232:Battle of Mersa Matruh
182:North African campaign
68:
5788:Allied units involved
5710:(April-November 1941)
5207:Second Battle of Guam
5103:Bengal famine of 1943
5073:Second Battle of Kiev
5029:Battle of the Dnieper
4734:Battle of Wake Island
4606:East African campaign
4548:Battle of South Henan
4193:atrocities by Germans
3966:Korean Volunteer Army
2940:Occupation of Germany
2694:Music in World War II
939:(in Sicily and Italy)
926:in Sicily, Italy and
858:Mediterranean theater
661:
653:Hans-JĂŒrgen von Arnim
510:), commonly known as
487:Deutsches Afrikakorps
187:Operation Sonnenblume
133:Expeditionary warfare
69:Deutsches Afrikakorps
5899:Tobruk Ferry Service
5493:Surrender of Germany
4971:Battle of West Hubei
4928:Guadalcanal campaign
4898:Battle of Stalingrad
4824:Battle of Madagascar
3591:Albania protectorate
3378:(formerly Swaziland)
3087:Wehrmacht war crimes
2903:Expulsion of Germans
2687:Art and World War II
2585:British contribution
2534:Governments in exile
1475:. Ballantine Books.
1316:. The Jerusalem Post
957:FliegerfĂŒhrer Afrika
844:Generalfeldmarschall
741:and finally renamed
602:15th Panzer Division
582:Western Desert Force
455:21st Panzer Division
451:15th Panzer Division
412:21st Panzer Division
408:15th Panzer Division
363:21st Panzer Division
359:15th Panzer Division
314:15th Panzer Division
222:Battle of Bir Hakeim
119:Expeditionary forces
44:For other uses, see
32:DAK (disambiguation)
5915:Axis units involved
5904:Scrap Iron Flotilla
5824:Replacement units:
5766:Operation Battleaxe
5583:Potsdam Declaration
5472:Italy (Spring 1945)
5235:Liberation of Paris
4692:Siege of Sevastopol
3703:(until August 1944)
3606:Wang Jingwei regime
3428:from September 1943
3388:from September 1944
3326:from September 1944
3186:Romanian war crimes
3177:Persecution of Jews
3163:Croatian war crimes
3133:Japanese war crimes
2947:Occupation of Japan
2896:First Indochina War
2608:Military production
2520:Declarations of war
914:Re-forming of units
883:SS-StandartenfĂŒhrer
868:and SD detachment.
745:Heeresgruppe Afrika
614:Panzer Group Africa
594:3rd Panzer Division
590:Battle of Beda Fomm
474:German Africa Corps
348:Panzergruppe Afrika
227:2nd Siege of Tobruk
207:Operation Battleaxe
151:33,500 men in total
54:German Africa Corps
5795:The Rats of Tobruk
5774:Operation Crusader
5576:Surrender of Japan
5409:Battle of Iwo Jima
5258:Belgrade offensive
4671:Siege of Leningrad
4555:Battle of Shanggao
4484:British Somaliland
4449:Dunkirk evacuation
4400:Norwegian campaign
4338:Invasion of Poland
4165:Japanese prisoners
3126:Italian war crimes
3057:British war crimes
2972:Soviet occupations
2756:South-West Pacific
2643:Allied cooperation
2601:Military equipment
729:Panzerarmee Afrika
703:Panzer Army Africa
681:Most Afrika Korps
668:
664:Rudolph von Ripper
598:5th Light Division
553:Werner von Fritsch
397:Panzerarmee Afrika
318:5th Light Division
212:Operation Crusader
202:Operation Skorpion
5985:
5984:
5971:
5958:
5950:
5942:
5934:
5926:
5778:
5770:
5762:
5758:Operation Brevity
5754:
5750:Operation Compass
5730:
5720:
5715:Twin Pimples raid
5711:
5703:
5650:
5649:
5608:
5607:
5451:Battle of Okinawa
5350:Burma (1944â1945)
5184:Mariana and Palau
4964:Tunisian campaign
4789:Fall of Singapore
4713:Fall of Hong Kong
4456:Battle of Britain
4309:Operation Himmler
4218:
4217:
3882:Dutch East Indies
3518:Southern Rhodesia
3270:
3269:
3170:Genocide of Serbs
3073:German war crimes
3050:Soviet war crimes
3043:Allied war crimes
2889:Division of Korea
2868:Chinese Civil War
2666:Strategic bombing
2578:Manhattan Project
2352:
2351:
2321:
2266:
2241:
2240:
2206:
2205:
2166:
2165:
2114:
2103:
2102:
2068:
2067:
2003:
2002:
1948:
1947:
1893:
1892:
1838:
1837:
1783:
1782:
1728:
1727:
1663:
1662:
1598:
1597:
1536:
1524:corps (1934â1945)
1428:978-0-7607-0861-3
1384:978-1-4535-4457-0
1348:978-1-80207-141-2
1291:978-1-61039-628-8
1261:Trauma and Memory
1174:978-0-14-200394-7
1167:, Penguin Books,
1147:978-1-5267-1380-3
1140:. Pen and Sword.
1084:978-1-84832-996-6
1057:978-1-4728-0081-7
1030:978-0-670-88703-3
850:Albert Kesselring
586:Operation Compass
578:Italian 10th Army
469:
468:
422:
421:
379:
378:
330:
329:
293:
292:
197:Operation Brevity
16:(Redirected from
6060:
6016:
6008:
6007:
6006:
5996:
5969:
5956:
5948:
5940:
5932:
5924:
5801:Original units:
5776:
5768:
5760:
5752:
5728:
5718:
5709:
5701:
5677:
5670:
5663:
5654:
5643:
5636:
5629:
5626:World portal
5624:
5623:
5599:
5592:
5585:
5578:
5569:
5562:
5555:
5546:
5539:
5532:
5525:
5518:
5511:
5502:
5495:
5488:
5486:Prague offensive
5481:
5479:Battle of Berlin
5474:
5467:
5460:
5453:
5446:
5439:
5432:
5425:
5423:Vienna offensive
5418:
5411:
5404:
5402:Battle of Manila
5397:
5377:
5368:
5359:
5352:
5343:
5336:
5329:
5322:
5315:
5308:
5301:
5292:
5283:
5276:
5267:
5260:
5253:
5246:
5237:
5230:
5223:
5216:
5209:
5202:
5195:
5186:
5179:
5170:
5161:
5152:
5145:
5143:KorsunâCherkassy
5138:
5127:
5105:
5096:
5089:
5082:
5075:
5068:
5061:
5054:
5045:
5038:
5031:
5024:
5015:
5008:
5001:
4994:
4987:
4985:Bombing of Gorky
4980:
4973:
4966:
4946:
4939:
4930:
4923:
4916:
4907:
4900:
4893:
4886:
4875:
4868:
4861:
4854:
4852:Battle of Midway
4847:
4840:
4838:Battle of Gazala
4833:
4826:
4819:
4812:
4805:
4798:
4791:
4771:
4764:
4757:
4750:
4748:Battle of Borneo
4743:
4741:Malayan campaign
4736:
4729:
4722:
4715:
4708:
4701:
4694:
4687:
4685:Bombing of Gorky
4680:
4678:Battle of Moscow
4673:
4666:
4659:
4652:
4645:
4638:
4622:
4615:
4608:
4601:
4594:
4587:
4578:
4571:
4564:
4557:
4550:
4530:
4521:
4514:
4507:
4500:
4493:
4486:
4479:
4472:
4465:
4458:
4451:
4444:
4442:Battle of France
4437:
4430:
4423:
4416:
4409:
4402:
4382:
4375:
4368:
4361:
4354:
4347:
4340:
4318:
4311:
4304:
4297:
4295:Munich Agreement
4290:
4283:
4274:
4267:
4260:
4251:
4244:
4229:
4211:
4204:
4195:
4188:
4181:
4180:Soviet prisoners
4174:
4167:
4160:
4151:
4144:
4135:
4128:
4121:
4120:German prisoners
4116:
4096:
4087:
4080:
4073:
4068:
4061:
4054:
4047:
4040:
4033:
4026:
4019:
4012:
4005:
3998:
3991:
3984:
3977:
3968:
3961:
3954:
3947:
3940:
3933:
3926:
3919:
3912:
3905:
3898:
3891:
3884:
3877:
3870:
3863:
3856:
3849:
3842:
3822:
3815:
3808:
3801:
3794:
3787:
3780:
3773:
3766:
3759:
3752:
3732:
3725:
3718:
3711:
3704:
3696:
3689:
3682:
3673:
3666:
3658:
3651:
3649:French Indochina
3644:
3637:
3630:
3623:
3615:
3608:
3601:
3593:
3573:
3564:
3557:
3548:
3541:
3534:
3527:
3520:
3513:
3506:
3499:
3496:from August 1944
3487:
3480:
3473:
3466:
3459:
3452:
3445:
3438:
3431:
3419:
3412:
3405:
3398:
3391:
3379:
3371:
3364:
3357:
3350:
3343:
3336:
3329:
3317:
3310:
3303:
3296:
3281:
3261:
3254:
3247:
3240:
3233:
3222:
3207:
3200:
3193:
3188:
3179:
3172:
3165:
3156:
3149:
3142:
3140:Nanjing Massacre
3135:
3128:
3119:
3117:Nuremberg trials
3110:
3103:
3096:
3089:
3082:
3075:
3066:
3059:
3052:
3045:
3025:
3018:
3011:
3002:
2995:
2988:
2981:
2974:
2967:
2958:
2949:
2942:
2935:
2928:
2919:
2912:
2905:
2898:
2891:
2884:
2877:
2870:
2850:
2841:
2834:
2827:
2818:
2811:
2804:
2797:
2788:
2781:
2774:
2765:
2758:
2751:
2744:
2737:
2730:
2723:
2721:Asia and Pacific
2703:
2696:
2689:
2682:
2675:
2668:
2661:
2652:
2650:Mulberry harbour
2645:
2638:
2631:
2624:
2617:
2610:
2603:
2596:
2587:
2580:
2573:
2564:
2557:
2550:
2543:
2536:
2529:
2522:
2515:
2508:
2501:
2492:
2485:
2470:
2458:
2451:
2442:
2435:
2428:
2421:
2414:
2407:
2400:
2379:
2372:
2365:
2356:
2317:
2262:
2208:
2168:
2118:
2110:
2070:
2005:
1950:
1895:
1840:
1785:
1730:
1665:
1600:
1540:
1532:
1515:
1508:
1501:
1492:
1486:
1474:
1454:
1452:
1450:
1444:
1432:
1420:
1409:
1388:
1360:
1359:
1357:
1355:
1332:
1326:
1325:
1323:
1321:
1309:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1298:
1275:
1269:
1268:
1252:
1246:
1245:
1235:
1227:
1221:
1220:
1200:
1194:
1193:
1185:
1179:
1177:
1158:
1152:
1151:
1131:
1125:
1119:
1113:
1107:
1101:
1095:
1089:
1088:
1068:
1062:
1061:
1041:
1035:
1034:
1018:
1005:
999:
992:
977:Operation Salaam
847:
747:
739:
731:
689:in Mississippi,
683:prisoners of war
672:Italian 1st Army
606:chain of command
566:
505:
504:
503:
497:
492:
481:
426:
383:
334:
299:
252:Tunisia Campaign
217:Battle of Gazala
177:Second World War
79:
63:
51:
21:
6068:
6067:
6063:
6062:
6061:
6059:
6058:
6057:
6023:
6022:
6019:
6009:
6004:
6002:
5999:
5995:sister projects
5994:
5992:at Knowledge's
5986:
5981:
5910:
5783:
5733:
5707:Siege of Tobruk
5687:
5681:
5651:
5646:
5639:
5632:
5618:
5616:
5604:
5595:
5588:
5581:
5574:
5565:
5558:
5551:
5542:
5537:Atomic bombings
5535:
5528:
5521:
5514:
5507:
5498:
5491:
5484:
5477:
5470:
5463:
5456:
5449:
5442:
5435:
5428:
5421:
5414:
5407:
5400:
5393:
5380:
5373:
5362:
5355:
5348:
5339:
5332:
5325:
5318:
5311:
5304:
5295:
5286:
5279:
5270:
5263:
5256:
5249:
5240:
5233:
5228:Eastern Romania
5226:
5221:Warsaw Uprising
5219:
5214:Tannenberg Line
5212:
5205:
5200:Western Ukraine
5198:
5189:
5182:
5173:
5164:
5155:
5148:
5141:
5130:
5121:
5108:
5101:
5092:
5085:
5078:
5071:
5064:
5057:
5050:
5041:
5034:
5027:
5018:
5011:
5004:
4997:
4992:Battle of Kursk
4990:
4983:
4976:
4969:
4962:
4949:
4942:
4933:
4926:
4919:
4910:
4903:
4896:
4889:
4880:
4871:
4864:
4857:
4850:
4843:
4836:
4829:
4822:
4815:
4808:
4803:St Nazaire Raid
4801:
4794:
4787:
4774:
4767:
4760:
4753:
4746:
4739:
4732:
4725:
4718:
4711:
4704:
4697:
4690:
4683:
4676:
4669:
4662:
4655:
4648:
4641:
4627:
4618:
4611:
4604:
4597:
4590:
4585:Anglo-Iraqi War
4583:
4576:Battle of Crete
4574:
4567:
4560:
4553:
4546:
4533:
4524:
4517:
4510:
4505:Eastern Romania
4503:
4496:
4489:
4482:
4475:
4468:
4461:
4454:
4447:
4440:
4433:
4426:
4419:
4412:
4405:
4398:
4385:
4378:
4371:
4364:
4357:
4350:
4343:
4336:
4323:
4314:
4307:
4300:
4293:
4286:
4279:
4270:
4263:
4256:
4247:
4240:
4214:
4207:
4200:
4191:
4184:
4179:
4170:
4163:
4156:
4147:
4140:
4131:
4124:
4119:
4112:
4099:
4092:
4083:
4076:
4071:
4066:Western Ukraine
4064:
4057:
4050:
4043:
4036:
4029:
4022:
4015:
4010:Northeast China
4008:
4001:
3994:
3987:
3980:
3973:
3964:
3957:
3950:
3943:
3936:
3929:
3922:
3915:
3908:
3901:
3894:
3887:
3880:
3873:
3866:
3859:
3852:
3845:
3838:
3825:
3818:
3811:
3804:
3797:
3790:
3783:
3776:
3769:
3762:
3755:
3748:
3735:
3728:
3721:
3714:
3709:Slovak Republic
3707:
3699:
3692:
3685:
3680:Empire of Japan
3678:
3669:
3661:
3654:
3647:
3640:
3633:
3626:
3618:
3611:
3604:
3596:
3589:
3576:
3569:
3560:
3553:
3544:
3537:
3530:
3523:
3516:
3509:
3502:
3490:
3483:
3476:
3469:
3462:
3455:
3448:
3441:
3434:
3422:
3415:
3408:
3401:
3394:
3382:
3374:
3367:
3360:
3353:
3346:
3339:
3332:
3320:
3313:
3306:
3299:
3292:
3266:
3257:
3250:
3243:
3236:
3225:
3210:
3203:
3196:
3192:Sexual violence
3191:
3184:
3175:
3168:
3161:
3152:
3145:
3138:
3131:
3124:
3115:
3106:
3099:
3092:
3085:
3078:
3071:
3062:
3055:
3048:
3041:
3028:
3021:
3014:
3007:
2998:
2991:
2984:
2977:
2970:
2961:
2952:
2945:
2938:
2931:
2922:
2915:
2910:Greek Civil War
2908:
2901:
2894:
2887:
2880:
2873:
2866:
2853:
2846:
2837:
2830:
2823:
2814:
2807:
2800:
2793:
2784:
2777:
2770:
2761:
2754:
2747:
2740:
2735:South-East Asia
2733:
2726:
2719:
2706:
2699:
2692:
2685:
2678:
2671:
2664:
2657:
2648:
2641:
2634:
2627:
2620:
2613:
2606:
2599:
2594:Military awards
2592:
2583:
2576:
2569:
2560:
2553:
2546:
2539:
2532:
2525:
2518:
2511:
2504:
2497:
2488:
2481:
2461:
2454:
2447:
2438:
2431:
2424:
2419:
2410:
2403:
2396:
2388:
2383:
2353:
2348:
2332:
2319:Kavalleriekorps
2316:
2310:
2261:
2255:
2251:GroĂdeutschland
2237:
2202:
2171:XXXX â XXXXVIII
2162:
2109:
2099:
2064:
1999:
1944:
1889:
1834:
1788:XXXX â XXXXVIII
1779:
1724:
1659:
1594:
1531:
1525:
1519:
1489:
1483:
1466:
1462:
1460:Further reading
1457:
1448:
1446:
1442:
1435:
1429:
1412:
1406:
1391:
1385:
1372:
1368:
1363:
1353:
1351:
1349:
1334:
1333:
1329:
1319:
1317:
1311:
1310:
1306:
1296:
1294:
1292:
1277:
1276:
1272:
1254:
1253:
1249:
1229:
1228:
1224:
1217:
1202:
1201:
1197:
1187:
1186:
1182:
1175:
1160:
1159:
1155:
1148:
1133:
1132:
1128:
1120:
1116:
1108:
1104:
1096:
1092:
1085:
1070:
1069:
1065:
1058:
1043:
1042:
1038:
1031:
1007:
1006:
1002:
993:
989:
985:
953:
916:
899:Jerusalem Post'
828:
822:
803:: February 1943
785:: November 1942
783:Fritz Bayerlein
771:Walther Nehring
755:
719:Gastone Gambara
699:
649:5th Panzer Army
633:Operation Torch
572:to support the
537:
532:
500:
499:
498:
490:
477:
470:
465:
461:
457:
453:
441:
431:
423:
418:
414:
410:
398:
388:
380:
375:
374:Fortress Bardia
373:
369:
365:
361:
349:
339:
331:
326:
325:Fortress Bardia
324:
320:
316:
304:
296:
288:Walther Nehring
286:
282:
278:
271:
260:
192:Siege of Tobruk
150:
145:
131:
82:
59:
49:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6066:
6064:
6056:
6055:
6050:
6045:
6040:
6035:
6025:
6024:
6018:
6017:
5988:
5983:
5982:
5980:
5979:
5978:
5977:
5972:
5964:
5951:
5943:
5935:
5927:
5918:
5916:
5912:
5911:
5909:
5908:
5907:
5906:
5896:
5888:Outside units:
5885:
5884:
5879:
5874:
5869:
5864:
5853:
5852:
5847:
5842:
5837:
5832:
5821:
5820:
5815:
5810:
5798:
5797:
5791:
5789:
5785:
5784:
5782:
5781:
5780:
5779:
5771:
5763:
5755:
5741:
5739:
5735:
5734:
5732:
5731:
5723:
5722:
5721:
5704:
5702:(January 1941)
5695:
5693:
5689:
5688:
5682:
5680:
5679:
5672:
5665:
5657:
5648:
5647:
5645:
5644:
5637:
5630:
5613:
5610:
5609:
5606:
5605:
5603:
5602:
5601:
5600:
5593:
5586:
5572:
5571:
5570:
5556:
5553:South Sakhalin
5549:
5548:
5547:
5533:
5526:
5519:
5512:
5505:
5504:
5503:
5489:
5482:
5475:
5468:
5461:
5454:
5447:
5440:
5433:
5426:
5419:
5412:
5405:
5398:
5390:
5388:
5382:
5381:
5379:
5378:
5371:
5370:
5369:
5353:
5346:
5345:
5344:
5330:
5323:
5316:
5309:
5302:
5293:
5284:
5277:
5268:
5261:
5254:
5247:
5238:
5231:
5224:
5217:
5210:
5203:
5196:
5187:
5180:
5171:
5162:
5153:
5146:
5139:
5128:
5118:
5116:
5110:
5109:
5107:
5106:
5099:
5098:
5097:
5090:
5076:
5069:
5062:
5055:
5048:
5047:
5046:
5032:
5025:
5016:
5009:
5002:
4995:
4988:
4981:
4978:Battle of Attu
4974:
4967:
4959:
4957:
4951:
4950:
4948:
4947:
4940:
4931:
4924:
4917:
4908:
4901:
4894:
4887:
4878:
4877:
4876:
4869:
4855:
4848:
4841:
4834:
4827:
4820:
4813:
4806:
4799:
4792:
4784:
4782:
4776:
4775:
4773:
4772:
4765:
4758:
4751:
4744:
4737:
4730:
4727:Battle of Guam
4723:
4716:
4709:
4702:
4695:
4688:
4681:
4674:
4667:
4660:
4653:
4650:Battle of Kiev
4646:
4639:
4625:
4624:
4623:
4609:
4602:
4595:
4588:
4581:
4580:
4579:
4565:
4558:
4551:
4543:
4541:
4535:
4534:
4532:
4531:
4522:
4515:
4508:
4501:
4494:
4487:
4480:
4473:
4466:
4459:
4452:
4445:
4438:
4431:
4424:
4417:
4410:
4403:
4395:
4393:
4387:
4386:
4384:
4383:
4376:
4369:
4362:
4355:
4348:
4341:
4333:
4331:
4325:
4324:
4322:
4321:
4320:
4319:
4312:
4305:
4298:
4291:
4277:
4276:
4275:
4268:
4254:
4253:
4252:
4237:
4235:
4226:
4220:
4219:
4216:
4215:
4213:
4212:
4205:
4198:
4197:
4196:
4189:
4177:
4176:
4175:
4161:
4154:
4153:
4152:
4149:United Kingdom
4145:
4138:
4137:
4136:
4117:
4109:
4107:
4101:
4100:
4098:
4097:
4090:
4089:
4088:
4081:
4069:
4062:
4055:
4048:
4041:
4034:
4027:
4020:
4013:
4006:
3999:
3992:
3985:
3978:
3971:
3970:
3969:
3962:
3948:
3941:
3934:
3927:
3920:
3913:
3906:
3899:
3892:
3885:
3878:
3871:
3864:
3857:
3850:
3843:
3835:
3833:
3827:
3826:
3824:
3823:
3816:
3809:
3802:
3795:
3788:
3781:
3774:
3767:
3760:
3753:
3745:
3743:
3737:
3736:
3734:
3733:
3726:
3719:
3712:
3705:
3697:
3690:
3683:
3676:
3675:
3674:
3659:
3652:
3645:
3638:
3631:
3624:
3616:
3609:
3602:
3594:
3586:
3584:
3578:
3577:
3575:
3574:
3567:
3566:
3565:
3551:
3550:
3549:
3546:British Empire
3539:United Kingdom
3535:
3528:
3521:
3514:
3507:
3500:
3488:
3481:
3474:
3467:
3460:
3453:
3446:
3439:
3432:
3420:
3413:
3406:
3399:
3392:
3380:
3372:
3365:
3358:
3355:Czechoslovakia
3351:
3344:
3337:
3330:
3318:
3311:
3304:
3297:
3289:
3287:
3278:
3272:
3271:
3268:
3267:
3265:
3264:
3263:
3262:
3255:
3252:Rape of Manila
3248:
3241:
3234:
3223:
3208:
3201:
3189:
3182:
3181:
3180:
3173:
3159:
3158:
3157:
3150:
3143:
3129:
3122:
3121:
3120:
3113:
3112:
3111:
3104:
3090:
3083:
3069:
3068:
3067:
3060:
3053:
3038:
3036:
3030:
3029:
3027:
3026:
3023:United Nations
3019:
3012:
3005:
3004:
3003:
2996:
2989:
2982:
2968:
2959:
2950:
2943:
2936:
2929:
2920:
2913:
2906:
2899:
2892:
2885:
2882:Decolonization
2878:
2871:
2863:
2861:
2855:
2854:
2852:
2851:
2844:
2843:
2842:
2828:
2821:
2820:
2819:
2812:
2805:
2791:
2790:
2789:
2782:
2768:
2767:
2766:
2759:
2752:
2745:
2738:
2731:
2716:
2714:
2708:
2707:
2705:
2704:
2697:
2690:
2683:
2676:
2669:
2662:
2655:
2654:
2653:
2646:
2632:
2625:
2618:
2611:
2604:
2597:
2590:
2589:
2588:
2574:
2567:
2566:
2565:
2558:
2555:United Kingdom
2551:
2537:
2530:
2523:
2516:
2509:
2502:
2495:
2494:
2493:
2478:
2476:
2467:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2459:
2452:
2445:
2444:
2443:
2436:
2429:
2417:
2416:
2415:
2401:
2393:
2390:
2389:
2384:
2382:
2381:
2374:
2367:
2359:
2350:
2349:
2347:
2346:
2340:
2338:
2334:
2333:
2331:
2330:
2324:
2322:
2312:
2311:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2267:
2257:
2256:
2254:
2253:
2248:
2246:Feldherrnhalle
2242:
2239:
2238:
2236:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2214:
2212:
2204:
2203:
2201:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2174:
2172:
2164:
2163:
2161:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2124:
2122:
2115:
2105:
2104:
2101:
2100:
2098:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2076:
2074:
2066:
2065:
2063:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2011:
2009:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1956:
1954:
1946:
1945:
1943:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1901:
1899:
1891:
1890:
1888:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1846:
1844:
1836:
1835:
1833:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1791:
1789:
1781:
1780:
1778:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1736:
1734:
1726:
1725:
1723:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1671:
1669:
1661:
1660:
1658:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1606:
1604:
1596:
1595:
1593:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1546:
1544:
1537:
1527:
1526:
1520:
1518:
1517:
1510:
1503:
1495:
1488:
1487:
1481:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1455:
1433:
1427:
1410:
1404:
1389:
1383:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1361:
1347:
1327:
1304:
1290:
1270:
1247:
1222:
1215:
1195:
1180:
1173:
1153:
1146:
1126:
1114:
1102:
1100:, p. 262.
1090:
1083:
1063:
1056:
1036:
1029:
1009:Beevor, Antony
1000:
986:
984:
981:
980:
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
952:
949:
948:
947:
940:
934:
931:
915:
912:
903:War of shadows
870:Robert Satloff
821:
818:
817:
816:
810:
804:
798:
792:
786:
780:
774:
768:
765:Ludwig CrĂŒwell
762:
754:
751:
698:
695:
676:Giovanni Messe
641:Walter Nehring
618:Ludwig CrĂŒwell
549:Hans von Funck
536:
533:
531:
528:
467:
466:
449:
447:
443:
442:
439:
437:
433:
432:
429:
420:
419:
406:
404:
400:
399:
396:
394:
390:
389:
386:
377:
376:
357:
355:
351:
350:
347:
345:
341:
340:
337:
328:
327:
312:
310:
306:
305:
302:
294:
291:
290:
280:Ludwig CrĂŒwell
273:
267:
266:
262:
261:
259:
258:
257:
256:
255:
254:
249:
244:
239:
234:
229:
224:
219:
214:
209:
204:
199:
194:
189:
173:
171:
167:
166:
157:
153:
152:
140:
136:
135:
129:Desert warfare
126:
122:
121:
116:
112:
111:
106:
102:
101:
96:
92:
91:
88:
84:
83:
80:
72:
71:
56:
55:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6065:
6054:
6051:
6049:
6046:
6044:
6041:
6039:
6036:
6034:
6031:
6030:
6028:
6021:
6014:
6013:
6001:
5997:
5991:
5976:
5973:
5968:
5965:
5963:
5960:
5959:
5955:
5952:
5947:
5944:
5939:
5936:
5931:
5928:
5923:
5920:
5919:
5917:
5913:
5905:
5902:
5901:
5900:
5897:
5895:
5892:
5891:
5890:
5889:
5883:
5880:
5878:
5875:
5873:
5870:
5868:
5865:
5863:
5860:
5859:
5858:
5857:
5851:
5848:
5846:
5843:
5841:
5838:
5836:
5833:
5831:
5828:
5827:
5826:
5825:
5819:
5816:
5814:
5811:
5808:
5805:
5804:
5803:
5802:
5796:
5793:
5792:
5790:
5786:
5775:
5772:
5767:
5764:
5759:
5756:
5751:
5748:
5747:
5746:
5743:
5742:
5740:
5736:
5727:
5724:
5716:
5713:
5712:
5708:
5705:
5700:
5697:
5696:
5694:
5690:
5685:
5678:
5673:
5671:
5666:
5664:
5659:
5658:
5655:
5642:
5638:
5635:
5631:
5628:
5627:
5622:
5615:
5614:
5611:
5598:
5594:
5591:
5587:
5584:
5580:
5579:
5577:
5573:
5568:
5564:
5563:
5561:
5560:Kuril Islands
5557:
5554:
5550:
5545:
5541:
5540:
5538:
5534:
5531:
5527:
5524:
5520:
5517:
5513:
5510:
5506:
5501:
5497:
5496:
5494:
5490:
5487:
5483:
5480:
5476:
5473:
5469:
5466:
5462:
5459:
5455:
5452:
5448:
5445:
5441:
5438:
5434:
5431:
5427:
5424:
5420:
5417:
5413:
5410:
5406:
5403:
5399:
5396:
5392:
5391:
5389:
5387:
5383:
5376:
5372:
5367:
5366:
5361:
5360:
5358:
5354:
5351:
5347:
5342:
5338:
5337:
5335:
5331:
5328:
5327:Syrmian Front
5324:
5321:
5317:
5314:
5310:
5307:
5303:
5300:
5299:
5294:
5291:
5290:
5285:
5282:
5278:
5275:
5274:
5273:Market Garden
5269:
5266:
5262:
5259:
5255:
5252:
5248:
5245:
5244:
5239:
5236:
5232:
5229:
5225:
5222:
5218:
5215:
5211:
5208:
5204:
5201:
5197:
5194:
5193:
5188:
5185:
5181:
5178:
5177:
5172:
5169:
5168:
5163:
5160:
5159:
5154:
5151:
5147:
5144:
5140:
5137:
5133:
5132:Monte Cassino
5129:
5126:
5125:
5120:
5119:
5117:
5115:
5111:
5104:
5100:
5095:
5091:
5088:
5084:
5083:
5081:
5077:
5074:
5070:
5067:
5063:
5060:
5056:
5053:
5049:
5044:
5040:
5039:
5037:
5033:
5030:
5026:
5023:
5022:
5017:
5014:
5010:
5007:
5003:
5000:
4996:
4993:
4989:
4986:
4982:
4979:
4975:
4972:
4968:
4965:
4961:
4960:
4958:
4956:
4952:
4945:
4941:
4938:
4937:
4932:
4929:
4925:
4922:
4918:
4915:
4914:
4909:
4906:
4902:
4899:
4895:
4892:
4888:
4885:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4870:
4867:
4863:
4862:
4860:
4856:
4853:
4849:
4846:
4842:
4839:
4835:
4832:
4828:
4825:
4821:
4818:
4814:
4811:
4807:
4804:
4800:
4797:
4793:
4790:
4786:
4785:
4783:
4781:
4777:
4770:
4766:
4763:
4759:
4756:
4752:
4749:
4745:
4742:
4738:
4735:
4731:
4728:
4724:
4721:
4717:
4714:
4710:
4707:
4703:
4700:
4696:
4693:
4689:
4686:
4682:
4679:
4675:
4672:
4668:
4665:
4661:
4658:
4654:
4651:
4647:
4644:
4640:
4636:
4635:
4630:
4626:
4621:
4617:
4616:
4614:
4610:
4607:
4603:
4600:
4596:
4593:
4589:
4586:
4582:
4577:
4573:
4572:
4570:
4566:
4563:
4559:
4556:
4552:
4549:
4545:
4544:
4542:
4540:
4536:
4529:
4528:
4523:
4520:
4516:
4513:
4509:
4506:
4502:
4499:
4498:Baltic states
4495:
4492:
4488:
4485:
4481:
4478:
4474:
4471:
4467:
4464:
4460:
4457:
4453:
4450:
4446:
4443:
4439:
4436:
4432:
4429:
4425:
4422:
4418:
4415:
4411:
4408:
4404:
4401:
4397:
4396:
4394:
4392:
4388:
4381:
4377:
4374:
4370:
4367:
4363:
4360:
4356:
4353:
4349:
4346:
4342:
4339:
4335:
4334:
4332:
4330:
4326:
4317:
4313:
4310:
4306:
4303:
4299:
4296:
4292:
4289:
4285:
4284:
4282:
4278:
4273:
4269:
4266:
4262:
4261:
4259:
4255:
4250:
4246:
4245:
4243:
4239:
4238:
4236:
4234:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4221:
4210:
4206:
4203:
4199:
4194:
4190:
4187:
4183:
4182:
4178:
4173:
4169:
4168:
4166:
4162:
4159:
4155:
4150:
4146:
4143:
4142:United States
4139:
4134:
4130:
4129:
4127:
4123:
4122:
4118:
4115:
4111:
4110:
4108:
4106:
4102:
4095:
4091:
4086:
4082:
4079:
4078:Quá»c dĂąn ÄáșŁng
4075:
4074:
4070:
4067:
4063:
4060:
4056:
4053:
4049:
4046:
4042:
4039:
4035:
4032:
4028:
4025:
4021:
4018:
4014:
4011:
4007:
4004:
4000:
3997:
3993:
3990:
3986:
3983:
3979:
3976:
3972:
3967:
3963:
3960:
3956:
3955:
3953:
3949:
3946:
3942:
3939:
3935:
3932:
3928:
3925:
3921:
3918:
3914:
3911:
3907:
3904:
3900:
3897:
3893:
3890:
3886:
3883:
3879:
3876:
3872:
3869:
3865:
3862:
3858:
3855:
3851:
3848:
3844:
3841:
3837:
3836:
3834:
3832:
3828:
3821:
3817:
3814:
3810:
3807:
3803:
3800:
3796:
3793:
3789:
3786:
3782:
3779:
3778:Liechtenstein
3775:
3772:
3768:
3765:
3761:
3758:
3754:
3751:
3747:
3746:
3744:
3742:
3738:
3731:
3730:Collaboration
3727:
3724:
3720:
3717:
3713:
3710:
3706:
3702:
3698:
3695:
3691:
3688:
3684:
3681:
3677:
3672:
3668:
3667:
3664:
3660:
3657:
3653:
3650:
3646:
3643:
3639:
3636:
3632:
3629:
3625:
3621:
3617:
3614:
3610:
3607:
3603:
3599:
3595:
3592:
3588:
3587:
3585:
3583:
3579:
3572:
3568:
3563:
3559:
3558:
3556:
3555:United States
3552:
3547:
3543:
3542:
3540:
3536:
3533:
3529:
3526:
3522:
3519:
3515:
3512:
3508:
3505:
3501:
3497:
3493:
3489:
3486:
3482:
3479:
3475:
3472:
3468:
3465:
3461:
3458:
3454:
3451:
3447:
3444:
3440:
3437:
3433:
3429:
3425:
3421:
3418:
3414:
3411:
3407:
3404:
3400:
3397:
3393:
3389:
3385:
3381:
3377:
3373:
3370:
3366:
3363:
3359:
3356:
3352:
3349:
3345:
3342:
3338:
3335:
3331:
3327:
3323:
3319:
3316:
3312:
3309:
3305:
3302:
3298:
3295:
3291:
3290:
3288:
3286:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3273:
3260:
3256:
3253:
3249:
3246:
3245:Comfort women
3242:
3239:
3235:
3232:
3229: /
3228:
3224:
3221:
3218: /
3217:
3214: /
3213:
3209:
3206:
3205:Camp brothels
3202:
3199:
3195:
3194:
3190:
3187:
3183:
3178:
3174:
3171:
3167:
3166:
3164:
3160:
3155:
3151:
3148:
3144:
3141:
3137:
3136:
3134:
3130:
3127:
3123:
3118:
3114:
3109:
3105:
3102:
3098:
3097:
3095:
3094:The Holocaust
3091:
3088:
3084:
3081:
3080:forced labour
3077:
3076:
3074:
3070:
3065:
3061:
3058:
3054:
3051:
3047:
3046:
3044:
3040:
3039:
3037:
3035:
3031:
3024:
3020:
3017:
3013:
3010:
3006:
3001:
2997:
2994:
2990:
2987:
2983:
2980:
2976:
2975:
2973:
2969:
2966:
2965:
2960:
2957:
2956:
2951:
2948:
2944:
2941:
2937:
2934:
2933:Marshall Plan
2930:
2927:
2926:
2921:
2918:
2914:
2911:
2907:
2904:
2900:
2897:
2893:
2890:
2886:
2883:
2879:
2876:
2872:
2869:
2865:
2864:
2862:
2860:
2856:
2849:
2845:
2840:
2836:
2835:
2833:
2829:
2826:
2822:
2817:
2813:
2810:
2806:
2803:
2799:
2798:
2796:
2792:
2787:
2786:Eastern Front
2783:
2780:
2779:Western Front
2776:
2775:
2773:
2769:
2764:
2760:
2757:
2753:
2750:
2746:
2743:
2739:
2736:
2732:
2729:
2725:
2724:
2722:
2718:
2717:
2715:
2713:
2709:
2702:
2698:
2695:
2691:
2688:
2684:
2681:
2677:
2674:
2673:Puppet states
2670:
2667:
2663:
2660:
2656:
2651:
2647:
2644:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2633:
2630:
2626:
2623:
2619:
2616:
2615:Naval history
2612:
2609:
2605:
2602:
2598:
2595:
2591:
2586:
2582:
2581:
2579:
2575:
2572:
2568:
2563:
2562:United States
2559:
2556:
2552:
2549:
2545:
2544:
2542:
2538:
2535:
2531:
2528:
2524:
2521:
2517:
2514:
2510:
2507:
2503:
2500:
2496:
2491:
2487:
2486:
2484:
2480:
2479:
2477:
2475:
2471:
2468:
2464:
2457:
2453:
2450:
2446:
2441:
2437:
2434:
2430:
2427:
2423:
2422:
2418:
2413:
2409:
2408:
2406:
2402:
2399:
2395:
2394:
2391:
2387:
2380:
2375:
2373:
2368:
2366:
2361:
2360:
2357:
2345:
2342:
2341:
2339:
2337:Miscellaneous
2335:
2329:
2326:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2313:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2258:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2243:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2215:
2213:
2209:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2175:
2173:
2169:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2125:
2123:
2119:
2116:
2113:
2106:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2077:
2075:
2071:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2008:LXXX â LXXXIX
2006:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1955:
1953:LXX â LXXVIII
1951:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1902:
1900:
1896:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1847:
1845:
1841:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1792:
1790:
1786:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1737:
1735:
1731:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1672:
1670:
1666:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1607:
1605:
1601:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1547:
1545:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1528:
1523:
1516:
1511:
1509:
1504:
1502:
1497:
1496:
1493:
1484:
1482:0-35602-544-6
1478:
1473:
1472:
1465:
1464:
1459:
1441:
1440:
1434:
1430:
1424:
1419:
1418:
1411:
1407:
1405:0-8128-8519-8
1401:
1397:
1396:
1390:
1386:
1380:
1376:
1371:
1370:
1365:
1350:
1344:
1340:
1339:
1331:
1328:
1315:
1308:
1305:
1293:
1287:
1283:
1282:
1274:
1271:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1251:
1248:
1243:
1239:
1238:The Telegraph
1234:
1226:
1223:
1218:
1216:3-471-78572-8
1212:
1208:
1207:
1206:Mythos Rommel
1199:
1196:
1191:
1184:
1181:
1176:
1170:
1166:
1165:
1157:
1154:
1149:
1143:
1139:
1138:
1130:
1127:
1124:, p. 14.
1123:
1118:
1115:
1112:, p. 54.
1111:
1106:
1103:
1099:
1094:
1091:
1086:
1080:
1076:
1075:
1067:
1064:
1059:
1053:
1049:
1048:
1040:
1037:
1032:
1026:
1022:
1017:
1016:
1010:
1004:
1001:
997:
991:
988:
982:
978:
975:
973:
972:LĂĄszlĂł AlmĂĄsy
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
954:
950:
945:
941:
938:
935:
932:
929:
928:Western Front
925:
921:
920:
919:
913:
911:
907:
904:
900:
895:
889:
887:
884:
880:
879:The Telegraph
875:
871:
867:
866:Schutzstaffel
863:
862:forced labour
859:
855:
851:
848:
846:
845:
838:
837:the Holocaust
834:
827:
819:
814:
811:
808:
807:Heinz Ziegler
805:
802:
801:Karl BĂŒlowius
799:
796:
793:
790:
787:
784:
781:
778:
775:
772:
769:
766:
763:
760:
757:
756:
752:
750:
748:
746:
740:
738:
732:
730:
722:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
696:
694:
692:
688:
684:
679:
677:
673:
665:
660:
656:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
637:XC Army Corps
634:
630:
626:
621:
619:
615:
609:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
570:Italian Libya
567:
565:
564:
556:
554:
550:
546:
542:
534:
529:
527:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
502:
496:
488:
484:
480:
475:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
438:
434:
427:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
395:
391:
384:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
346:
342:
335:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
300:
295:Military unit
289:
285:
281:
277:
274:
268:
263:
253:
250:
248:
245:
243:
240:
238:
235:
233:
230:
228:
225:
223:
220:
218:
215:
213:
210:
208:
205:
203:
200:
198:
195:
193:
190:
188:
185:
184:
183:
180:
179:
178:
175:
174:
172:
168:
165:
164:Italian Libya
161:
158:
154:
148:
144:
141:
137:
134:
130:
127:
123:
120:
117:
113:
110:
107:
103:
100:
97:
93:
89:
85:
78:
73:
70:
66:
62:
57:
52:
47:
40:
33:
19:
6020:
6015:from Commons
6010:
5990:Afrika Korps
5989:
5954:Afrika Korps
5953:
5887:
5886:
5855:
5854:
5823:
5822:
5800:
5799:
5634:Bibliography
5617:
5430:Project Hula
5395:VistulaâOder
5364:
5297:
5288:
5272:
5242:
5191:
5175:
5166:
5157:
5123:
5020:
4935:
4911:
4881:
4632:
4525:
4470:North Africa
4172:Soviet Union
4126:Soviet Union
4052:Soviet Union
3820:Vatican City
3723:Vichy France
3628:German Reich
3525:Soviet Union
3511:South Africa
3504:Sierra Leone
3457:Newfoundland
3276:Participants
3259:Marocchinate
2963:
2954:
2924:
2802:North Africa
2763:Indian Ocean
2622:Nazi plunder
2513:Cryptography
2386:World War II
2344:Afrika Korps
2343:
2318:
2264:Gebirgskorps
2263:
2111:
1533:
1471:Afrika Korps
1470:
1447:, retrieved
1438:
1416:
1394:
1374:
1352:. Retrieved
1337:
1330:
1318:. Retrieved
1307:
1295:. Retrieved
1280:
1273:
1264:
1260:
1250:
1237:
1225:
1205:
1198:
1192:, p. 44
1189:
1183:
1163:
1156:
1136:
1129:
1117:
1105:
1098:Beasley 2010
1093:
1073:
1066:
1046:
1039:
1014:
1003:
995:
990:
917:
908:
906:Palestine."
902:
898:
890:
886:Walter Rauff
878:
873:
840:
829:
759:Erwin Rommel
742:
734:
726:
723:
700:
680:
669:
622:
610:
574:Italian army
559:
557:
545:Erwin Rommel
541:Adolf Hitler
538:
535:Organization
524:Erwin Rommel
520:World War II
512:Afrika Korps
511:
507:
473:
471:
276:Erwin Rommel
146:
99:Nazi Germany
18:Africa Corps
5809:(main unit)
5769:(June 1941)
5729:(June 1942)
5719:(July 1941)
5365:Bodenplatte
5251:Gothic Line
4477:West Africa
4024:Philippines
4003:Netherlands
3868:Czech lands
3806:Switzerland
3750:Afghanistan
3694:Philippines
3562:Puerto Rico
3478:Philippines
3464:New Zealand
3450:Netherlands
3403:Free France
3154:Prosecution
2955:Osoaviakhim
2825:West Africa
2809:East Africa
2456:Conferences
2211:LVI â LXXVI
2112:Panzerkorps
1898:LXII â LXIX
1733:XXX â XXXIX
1522:German Army
1377:. Xlibris.
813:Hans Cramer
789:Gustav Fehn
691:Camp Hearne
687:Camp Shelby
608:in Africa.
436:Parent unit
393:Parent unit
344:Parent unit
170:Engagements
156:Garrison/HQ
6027:Categories
5761:(May 1941)
5465:West Hunan
5298:Pointblank
4634:Silver Fox
4620:Summer War
4373:Winter War
4352:Phoney War
4133:Azerbaijan
4094:Yugoslavia
3989:Luxembourg
3831:Resistance
3571:Yugoslavia
3436:Luxembourg
3238:Sook Ching
3034:War crimes
2636:Technology
2629:Opposition
2571:Lend-Lease
2548:Australian
2541:Home front
2499:Blitzkrieg
2449:Casualties
2440:Commanders
2412:Operations
2073:LXXXX â CI
1534:Armeekorps
1449:15 October
1297:22 October
1267:(3): 9â31.
1122:Toppe 1952
1110:Lewin 1968
983:References
824:See also:
753:Commanders
491:pronounced
446:Components
403:Components
354:Components
309:Components
272:commanders
265:Commanders
5957:(Germany)
5530:Manchuria
5416:Indochina
5192:Bagration
4643:Lithuania
4288:Anschluss
4085:Viet Minh
3982:Lithuania
3924:Hong Kong
3687:Manchukuo
3642:Azad Hind
3301:Australia
3101:Aftermath
2964:Paperclip
2859:Aftermath
2659:Total war
2527:Diplomacy
2490:In Europe
2121:I â XXXIX
1668:XX â XXIX
1320:3 January
946:in Italy)
854:Wehrmacht
479:âčSee Tfdâș
147:June 1941
61:âčSee Tfdâș
5641:Category
5590:document
5500:document
5357:Ardennes
5341:Budapest
5289:Crossbow
5167:Overlord
5006:Smolensk
4224:Timeline
4059:Slovakia
4045:Thailand
3896:Ethiopia
3861:Bulgaria
3785:Portugal
3716:Thailand
3598:Bulgaria
3376:Eswatini
3369:Ethiopia
3322:Bulgaria
3147:Unit 731
3108:Response
2925:Keelhaul
2875:Cold War
2848:Americas
2839:timeline
2832:Atlantic
2712:Theaters
2260:Mountain
2198:XXXXVIII
2090:LXXXXVII
2055:LXXXVIII
1830:XXXXVIII
1242:Archived
1011:(2009).
951:See also
639:, under
627:and the
5949:(Italy)
5941:(Italy)
5933:(Italy)
5925:(Italy)
5567:Shumshu
5334:Hungary
5281:Estonia
5265:Lapland
5243:Dragoon
5176:Neptune
5158:Ichi-Go
5124:Tempest
5066:Changde
5021:Cottage
4913:Jubilee
4629:Finland
4527:Compass
4233:Prelude
4186:Finland
4072:Vietnam
4038:Romania
3910:Germany
3889:Estonia
3875:Denmark
3854:Belgium
3847:Austria
3840:Albania
3771:Ireland
3757:Andorra
3741:Neutral
3701:Romania
3635:Hungary
3620:Finland
3492:Romania
3384:Finland
3362:Denmark
3308:Belgium
3294:Algeria
3000:Romania
2986:Hungary
2742:Pacific
2466:General
2420:Leaders
2405:Battles
2398:Outline
2315:Cavalry
2193:XXXXVII
2153:XXXVIII
2050:LXXXVII
2030:LXXXIII
1995:LXXVIII
1843:L â LIX
1825:XXXXVII
1810:XXXXIII
1770:XXXVIII
1603:X â XIX
1366:Sources
711:Trieste
645:Tunisia
530:History
270:Notable
160:Tripoli
95:Country
5684:Tobruk
5544:Debate
5516:Taipei
5509:Borneo
5087:Tarawa
4281:Europe
4242:Africa
4031:Poland
4017:Norway
3996:Malaya
3975:Latvia
3917:Greece
3903:France
3799:Sweden
3764:Bhutan
3485:Poland
3471:Norway
3443:Mexico
3410:Greece
3396:France
3334:Canada
3315:Brazil
3285:Allies
3231:Serbia
3220:Poland
2993:Poland
2979:Baltic
2772:Europe
2474:Topics
2426:Allied
2302:XXXXIX
2188:XXXXVI
2108:Panzer
2085:LXXXXI
2060:LXXXIX
2045:LXXXVI
2035:LXXXIV
2025:LXXXII
1975:LXXIII
1935:LXVIII
1820:XXXXVI
1815:XXXXIV
1805:XXXXII
1755:XXXIII
1715:XXVIII
1543:I â IX
1479:
1425:
1402:
1381:
1354:10 May
1345:
1288:
1213:
1171:
1144:
1081:
1054:
1027:
707:Ariete
629:Allied
576:. The
483:German
105:Branch
87:Active
65:German
6012:Media
5320:Leyte
5150:Narva
5136:Anzio
5094:Makin
5052:Burma
4936:Torch
4905:Rzhev
4866:Kiska
3952:Korea
3938:Japan
3931:Italy
3813:Tibet
3792:Spain
3663:Italy
3424:Italy
3417:India
3341:China
3216:Japan
2816:Italy
2728:China
2680:Women
2297:XXXVI
2277:XVIII
2233:LXXVI
2228:LVIII
2183:XXXXI
2158:XXXIX
2080:LXXXX
2040:LXXXV
2020:LXXXI
1990:LXXVI
1980:LXXIV
1970:LXXII
1930:LXVII
1910:LXIII
1800:XXXXI
1775:XXXIX
1760:XXXIV
1750:XXXII
1710:XXVII
1690:XXIII
1650:XVIII
1443:(PDF)
1178:p. 23
643:, in
143:Corps
5386:1945
5114:1944
4955:1943
4883:Blue
4873:Attu
4780:1942
4539:1941
4391:1940
4329:1939
4258:Asia
4105:POWs
3945:Jews
3656:Iraq
3582:Axis
3532:Tuva
3348:Cuba
2433:Axis
2292:XXII
2223:LVII
2178:XXXX
2148:XXIV
2015:LXXX
1985:LXXV
1965:LXXI
1940:LXIX
1925:LXVI
1915:LXIV
1905:LXII
1880:LVII
1865:LIII
1795:XXXX
1765:XXXV
1745:XXXI
1720:XXIX
1705:XXVI
1695:XXIV
1685:XXII
1645:XVII
1625:XIII
1585:VIII
1530:Army
1477:ISBN
1451:2013
1423:ISBN
1400:ISBN
1379:ISBN
1356:2023
1343:ISBN
1322:2022
1299:2022
1286:ISBN
1211:ISBN
1169:ISBN
1142:ISBN
1079:ISBN
1052:ISBN
1025:ISBN
709:and
472:The
139:Size
125:Role
115:Type
109:Army
2287:XXI
2282:XIX
2218:LVI
2143:XIV
2138:VII
2128:III
1960:LXX
1920:LXV
1885:LIX
1870:LIV
1860:LII
1740:XXX
1700:XXV
1680:XXI
1655:XIX
1640:XVI
1630:XIV
1620:XII
1580:VII
1560:III
1021:405
584:in
518:of
508:DAK
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5134:/
2307:LI
2272:XV
2133:IV
2095:CI
1875:LV
1855:LI
1675:XX
1635:XV
1615:XI
1590:IX
1575:VI
1565:IV
1555:II
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