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egg is effectively negligible. Secondly the jacana, as a bird, lays eggs, and eggs can be equally well incubated and cared for by a parent bird of either sex. This means that the rate-limiting factor of the jacana's breeding is the rate at which the males can raise and care for the chicks. Such a system of females forming harems of males is in direct contrast to the more usual system of
339:. It measures 23 to 31 cm (9.1 to 12.2 in) in overall length. As in other jacanas, the female is on average larger than the male. Males can weigh from 115 to 224 g (4.1 to 7.9 oz), averaging 137 g (4.8 oz) and females from 167 to 290 g (5.9 to 10.2 oz), averaging 261 g (9.2 oz). Alongside the similarly-sized
394:
The parent that forms part of the harem is almost always the one that ends up caring for the offspring; in this case, each male jacana incubates and rears a nest of chicks. The male
African jacana has therefore evolved some remarkable adaptations for parental care, such as the ability to pick up and
386:
mating system, meaning that one female mates with multiple males and the male alone cares for the chicks. Such a system has evolved due to a combination of two factors: firstly, the lakes that the jacana lives on are so resource-rich that the relative energy expended by the female in producing each
343:, this appears to be the heaviest jacana species. They have chestnut upperparts with black wingtips, rear neck, and eyestripe. The underparts are also chestnut in the adults, only in juveniles they are white with a chestnut belly patch. The blue bill extends up as a
420:
982:
727:, version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA.
1152:
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234:. It has long toes and long claws that enables it to walk on floating vegetation in shallow lakes, its preferred habitat. It is widely distributed in
956:
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545:
Systema naturae per regna tria naturae : secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis
1147:
1086:
943:
672:"Buttonquail, thick-knees, sheathbills, plovers, oystercatchers, stilts, painted-snipes, jacanas, Plains-wanderer, seedsnipes"
581:"On a collection of birds from British East Africa and Uganda, presented to the British Museum by Capt. G.S. Cozens. – Part 1"
1000:
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seen in animals such as stags and grouse, where the males compete and display in order to gain harems of females.
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379:. It is sedentary apart from seasonal dispersion. It lays four black-marked brown eggs in a floating nest.
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as "Africa": this was restricted to
Ethiopia in 1915. The African jacana is now placed in the genus
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548:(in Latin). Vol. 1, Part 2 (13th ed.). Lipsiae : Georg. Emanuel. Beer. p. 709.
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568:. Vol. 3, Part 1. London: Printed for Leigh and Sotheby. p. 246 No. 7; Plate 87.
364:
and other invertebrates picked from the floating vegetations or the surface of the water.
264:
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772:. Vol. 3: Hoatzin to Auks. Barcelona, Spain: Lynx Edicions. pp. 276–291 .
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619:. Vol. 2. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 226.
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282:. Gmelin based his description on that by the English ornithologist
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127:
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who in 1785 had described and illustrated the species in his
300:
that was introduced in 1925 by the
American ornithologist
347:-like head shield, and the legs and long toes are grey.
335:
The
African jacanas is a conspicuous and unmistakable
768:. In del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J. (eds.).
238:. For the origin and pronunciation of the name, see
815:
798:
Species text in The Atlas of
Southern African Birds
643:
Proceedings of the
Biological Society of Washington
763:
518:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22693528A93410506.en
319:meaning "bird". The species is considered to be
8:
700:The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names
803:
382:The jacana has evolved a highly unusually
311:meaning "river bank" or "coastal strand",
206:
59:
29:
20:
516:
725:African Jacana (Actophilornis africanus)
703:. London: Christopher Helm. p. 31.
485:
397:
258:in his revised and expanded edition of
723:Jenni, D. A. and G. M. Kirwan (2020).
1153:Taxa named by Johann Friedrich Gmelin
678:. International Ornithologists' Union
658:
656:
372:African jacanas breed throughout sub-
7:
1128:IUCN Red List least concern species
504:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
395:carry chicks underneath its wings.
770:Handbook of the Birds of the World
737:Dunning, John B. Jr., ed. (2008).
597:10.1111/j.1474-919X.1915.tb08178.x
14:
739:CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses
254:in 1789 by the German naturalist
676:IOC World Bird List Version 12.2
616:Check-List of Birds of the World
461:
442:
419:
400:
84:
493:BirdLife International (2016).
304:. The genus name combines the
1:
290:. Gmelin and Latham gave the
765:"Family Jacanidae (Jacanas)"
1143:Birds of Sub-Saharan Africa
741:(2nd ed.). CRC Press.
565:A General Synopsis of Birds
288:A General Synopsis of Birds
1174:
697:Jobling, James A. (2010).
635:"A new name for the genus
205:
186:
179:
81:Scientific classification
79:
57:
48:
37:
28:
23:
540:Gmelin, Johann Friedrich
511:: e.T22693528A93410506.
360:African jacanas feed on
250:The African jacanas was
1148:Birds described in 1789
1105:Actophilornis-africanus
861:Actophilornis_africanus
847:Actophilornis africanus
817:Actophilornis africanus
497:Actophilornis africanus
469:Actophilornis africanus
256:Johann Friedrich Gmelin
223:Actophilornis africanus
190:Actophilornis africanus
670:, eds. (August 2022).
579:Grant, C.H.B. (1915).
315:meaning "-loving" and
268:. He placed it in the
1061:Paleobiology Database
1158:Birds of East Africa
762:Jenni, D.A. (1996).
631:Oberholser, Harry C.
302:Harry C. Oberholser
51:Conservation status
666:; Donsker, David;
252:formally described
236:sub-Saharan Africa
1115:
1114:
1048:Open Tree of Life
809:Taxon identifiers
796:African jacana -
779:978-84-87334-20-7
748:978-1-4200-6444-5
710:978-1-4081-2501-4
668:Rasmussen, Pamela
611:Peters, James Lee
341:Madagascar jacana
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172:A. africanus
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327:are recognised.
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275:and coined the
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138:Charadriiformes
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24:African jacana
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306:Ancient Greek
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297:Actophilornis
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277:binomial name
274:
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260:Carl Linnaeus
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181:Binomial name
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159:Actophilornis
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591:(1): 1–76 .
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560:Latham, John
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39:Lake Baringo
18:
970:iNaturalist
841:Wikispecies
664:Gill, Frank
639:Oberholser"
524:12 November
384:polyandrous
331:Description
284:John Latham
1122:Categories
1100:Xeno-canto
682:2 November
637:Actophilus
480:References
449:Juvenile,
325:subspecies
198:Gmelin, JF
426:Chick at
351:Behaviour
321:monotypic
240:Jacanidae
232:Jacanidae
166:Species:
148:Jacanidae
104:Kingdom:
98:Eukaryota
1014:22693528
988:10583057
887:22693528
882:BirdLife
826:Wikidata
633:(1925).
587:. 10th.
562:(1785).
542:(1789).
432:Shizuoka
428:Kakegawa
413:Botswana
368:Breeding
292:locality
246:Taxonomy
144:Family:
118:Chordata
114:Phylum:
108:Animalia
94:Domain:
71:IUCN 3.1
1092:1451015
962:2481853
936:afrjac1
910:afrjac1
869:Avibase
832:Q132201
407:Adult,
374:Saharan
362:insects
313:-philos
226:) is a
200:, 1789)
154:Genus:
134:Order:
124:Class:
69: (
1066:428471
1053:977428
1027:118783
1001:176454
944:EURING
776:
745:
707:
377:Africa
1087:WoRMS
1040:72937
983:IRMNG
949:30070
931:eBird
907:BOW:
900:72451
649:: 90.
455:Kenya
436:Japan
323:: no
317:ornis
273:Parra
270:genus
228:wader
43:Kenya
1079:1170
1022:NCBI
1009:IUCN
996:ITIS
975:4585
957:GBIF
923:9V63
895:BOLD
774:ISBN
743:ISBN
705:ISBN
684:2022
585:Ibis
526:2021
509:2016
473:MHNT
389:leks
345:coot
337:bird
309:aktē
216:The
128:Aves
1074:TSA
918:CoL
856:ADW
593:doi
513:doi
262:'s
1124::
1102::
1089::
1076::
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1024::
1011::
998::
985::
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674:.
655:^
647:38
645:.
641:.
583:.
507:.
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41:,
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589:3
528:.
515::
499:"
495:"
220:(
196:(
73:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
