42:
2216:
1996:
1101:, 554 U.S. 84 (2008), held that the employer, not the employee, bears the burden of proving that a layoff or other action that hurts older workers more than others was based not on age but on some other “reasonable factor.”
1003:
denial of benefits to older employees: an employer may reduce benefits based on age, only if the cost of providing the reduced benefits to older workers is the same as the cost of providing full benefits to younger workers;
1073:). In practice, BFOQs for age are limited to the obvious (hiring a young actor to play a young character in a movie) or when public safety is at stake (for example, in the case of age limits for pilots and bus drivers).
1076:
The ADEA does not prohibit an employer from favoring an older employee over a younger one, even when the younger one is over 40 years old. However, such practice may be illegal in states like
2261:
1906:
1160:
of Babb v. Wilkie only applies to federal sector employees. If a plaintiff can establish that the age was the determining factor in the employment outcome, they may be entitled to
2256:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1677:
1652:
1556:
1494:
1469:
1376:
886:
866:
846:
823:
804:
785:
766:
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1051:) rather than 15 or more employees. Both acts however, only apply to employers in the industries affecting interstate commerce. The 20 employees can include overseas employees.
1573:
1901:
2281:
2266:
1781:
1157:
877:
1969:
1991:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1762:
1110:(2008), the Supreme Court allowed federal workers, who experience retaliation as a result of reporting age discrimination under the law, to sue for damages.
1733:
647:
1896:
1881:
1088:
where workers ages 18 and older are protected from age discrimination, therefore, employers cannot give preference to either younger or older workers.
1954:
1773:
1599:
1148:
is a
Supreme Court case, which considered the scope and breadth of the ADEA. In it, the court ruled that plaintiffs only need to prove that age was a
1097:
1055:
958:
761:
2023:
2018:
1871:
1140:, 557 U.S. 167 (2009), the Supreme Court ruled that a plaintiff must prove by that age was the "but for" cause of the challenged employment action.
1647:
1233:
476:
1924:
1916:
1858:
1785:
1172:
ADEA remedies include compensatory for employee or damages if reinstatement is not feasible and/or employer's violation is intentional. While
1119:, 528 U.S. 62 (2000), the Supreme Court held that state employees cannot sue states for monetary damages under the ADEA in federal court. The
1136:
818:
2246:
2041:
1876:
1062:
419:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1964:
1959:
1765:
780:
400:
1192:
employers may enforce waivers of age discrimination claims made without EEOC or court approval if the waiver is "knowing or voluntary";
1333:
1092:
1066:
1044:
942:
919:
911:
723:
571:
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143:
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495:
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552:
1754:
1726:
1115:
121:
113:
1199:
between employers and employees covering the dispute are subject to compulsory arbitration and no court action can be brought;
1886:
1866:
1023:
It applies to employers, who employ at least twenty employees on a regular basis within the current or prior calendar year.
362:
2241:
1011:
in most sectors, with phased elimination of mandatory retirement for tenured workers, such as college professors, in 1993.
666:
438:
1019:
executives over 65 years in high policy-making positions, who are entitled to a pension over a minimum yearly duration.
609:
457:
2117:
2060:
1846:
1149:
1031:
The ADEA was amended in 1986, and also in 1991, by the Older
Workers Benefit Protection Act (Pub. L. 101-433) and the
837:
267:
74:
1515:
1263:
Glenn, Jeremy J.; Little, Katelan E. (November 2014). "A Study of the Age
Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967".
305:
2219:
1719:
799:
533:
237:
219:
204:
189:
97:
1891:
1203:
990:
41:
2167:
1819:
1814:
1672:
1043:
The ADEA differs from the Civil Rights Act in that, the ADEA applies to employers of 20 or more employees (see
1032:
704:
233:
2155:
2143:
2131:
2090:
1243:
927:
590:
1176:
under the ADEA are not available, if the violation was intentional, plaintiffs are entitled to liquidated/
969:, and requires that information concerning the needs of older workers be provided to the general public.
1220:
bona fide occupational qualifications, seniority systems, employee benefit or early retirement plans; and
2046:
1680:
1656:
1560:
1498:
1473:
1464:
1380:
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1106:
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of age discrimination against workers, over the age of forty, and also specifically, the act prohibits:
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and provides equal employment opportunity under the conditions that were not explicitly covered in
514:
2086:
1809:
1124:
1123:
may still enforce the ADEA against states, and state employees may still sue state officials for
137:
1574:"Supreme Court to determine whether 'but-for' causation required in federal-sector ADEA claims"
2125:
2033:
1836:
1803:
1742:
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An age limit may be legally specified in the circumstance, where age has been shown to be a "
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1065:, reasonably necessary to the normal operation of the particular business" (see
986:
2173:
1211:
1207:
1077:
931:
1831:
1360:
978:
1696:
1522:
1217:
employers can take an action based on "reasonable factors other than age";
1634:
962:
1156:
causation is still necessary in determining the appropriate remedy. The
1316:
994:
125:
57:
1600:"BREAKING: Federal Workers Can Sue Over 'Any' Age Bias, Justices Rule"
1521:. Congressional Research Service, June 23, 2010, p. 2. Archived from
1238:
954:
1711:
1516:"The Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA): A Legal Overview"
1164:
or other relief relating to the result of the employment decision.
1120:
1715:
1054:
It protects U.S. citizens working for U.S. employers operating
1925:
1000:
statements of specifications in age preference or limitations;
1058:, except where it would violate the laws of that country.
203:
188:
1702:
1283:"Thresholds for Coverage Under Employment-Related Laws"
1152:
in the decision in order to sue. However, establishing
949:). In 1967, the bill was signed into law by President
1930:
1015:
Mandatory retirement based on age is permitted for:
52:
An act to prohibit age discrimination in employment.
2116:
2032:
1915:
1855:
1796:
420:
Public
Employees Retirement System of Ohio v. Betts
254:
180:
157:
136:
131:
112:
93:
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69:
56:
48:
238:
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937:against anyone, at least 40 years of age, in the
1188:Statutory defenses to ADEA claims include/that
878:Our Lady of Guadalupe School v. Morrissey-Berru
2262:United States federal civil rights legislation
496:Astoria Fed. Sav. & Loan Assn. v. Solimino
382:Johnson v. Mayor and City Council of Baltimore
1975:Democratic Party presidential primaries, 1960
1727:
961:. The act also applies to the standards for
8:
2257:Anti-discrimination law in the United States
1955:United States Senate special elections, 1941
1707:U.S. Department of Labor: Age Discrimination
904:Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967
686:General Dynamics Land Systems, Inc. v. Cline
572:O'Connor v. Consolidated Coin Caterers Corp.
35:Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967
34:
1626:Blakeney v. Lomas Information Systems, Inc.
1440:"A Supreme Court Victory for Older Workers"
648:Reeves v. Sanderson Plumbing Products, Inc.
553:McKennon v. Nashville Banner Publishing Co.
1897:Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs
1882:Lyndon B. Johnson National Historical Park
1734:
1720:
1712:
1327:
1325:
1373:General Dynamics Land Sys., Inc. v. Cline
1180:i.e. twice the back pay/front pay award.
1098:Meacham v. Knolls Atomic Power Laboratory
959:Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
762:Meacham v. Knolls Atomic Power Laboratory
2282:Industrial and organizational psychology
2019:1960 United States presidential election
1872:Lyndon Baines Johnson Library and Museum
2267:United States federal labor legislation
1648:Gilmer v. Interstate/Johnson Lane Corp.
1255:
1234:Age discrimination in the United States
477:Gilmer v. Interstate/Johnson Lane Corp.
1223:voluntary early retirement incentives.
363:Trans World Airlines, Inc. v. Thurston
218:Older Workers Benefit Protection Act,
33:
1137:Gross v. FBL Financial Services, Inc.
819:Gross v. FBL Financial Services, Inc.
7:
2042:Lyndon B. Johnson in popular culture
1877:Lyndon B. Johnson National Grassland
1214:," regardless of the employee's age;
1063:bona fide occupational qualification
18:Age Discrimination in Employment Act
2004:Democratic National Convention 1956
1960:1948 United States Senate elections
1766:Vice President of the United States
1755:36th President of the United States
1438:Greenhouse, Linda (June 20, 2008).
781:Kentucky Retirement Systems v. EEOC
401:Western Air Lines, Inc. v. Criswell
2126:Claudia "Lady Bird" Taylor Johnson
439:Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. v. Sperling
243:Tooltip Public Law (United States)
225:Tooltip Public Law (United States)
210:Tooltip Public Law (United States)
195:Tooltip Public Law (United States)
103:Tooltip Public Law (United States)
25:
1490:Kimel v. Florida Board of Regents
629:Kimel v. Florida Board of Regents
610:Oubre v. Entergy Operations, Inc.
458:Stevens v. Department of Treasury
2215:
2214:
838:Mount Lemmon Fire Dist. v. Guido
268:United Air Lines, Inc. v. McMann
40:
1116:Kimel v. Florida Bd. of Regents
724:Federal Exp. Corp. v. Holowecki
1887:Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center
1007:since 1986, it has prohibited
967:benefits provided by employers
306:Oscar Mayer & Co. v. Evans
1:
1902:Memorial Grove on the Potomac
2247:90th United States Congress
2061:The Years of Lyndon Johnson
1093:United States Supreme Court
667:Swierkiewicz v. Sorema N.A.
256:United States Supreme Court
75:90th United States Congress
2298:
1832:Texas Broadcasting Company
1287:Texas Workforce Commission
977:The ADEA includes a broad
800:14 Penn Plaza LLC v. Pyett
534:Hazen Paper Co. v. Biggins
2183:
1892:Lyndon Baines Johnson Day
1749:
991:termination of employment
989:, promotions, wages, and
262:
185:
162:
39:
2168:George Washington Baines
1820:Civil Rights Act of 1960
1815:Civil Rights Act of 1957
1697:EEOC: Age Discrimination
1673:Smith v. City of Jackson
1033:Civil Rights Act of 1991
705:Smith v. City of Jackson
234:Civil Rights Act of 1991
2277:United States elder law
2272:1967 in labor relations
2156:Samuel Ealy Johnson Sr.
2144:Samuel Ealy Johnson Jr.
2132:Lynda Bird Johnson Robb
1774:U.S. Senator from Texas
1352:Mahoney v. RFE/RL, Inc.
1244:United States labor law
928:United States labor law
591:Lockheed Corp. v. Spink
29:United States labor law
2070:(1991 television film)
1804:Early years and career
1197:arbitration agreements
1465:Gomez-Perez v. Potter
1107:Gomez-Perez v. Potter
743:Gomez-Perez v. Potter
2242:1967 in American law
2162:Joseph Wilson Baines
1578:Employment Law Daily
1411:"Age Discrimination"
1162:compensatory damages
1086:District of Columbia
1009:mandatory retirement
953:. The ADEA prevents
173:on December 15, 1967
2170:(great-grandfather)
2150:Sam Houston Johnson
2138:Luci Baines Johnson
1782:U.S. Representative
1631:65 F.3d 482
1357:47 F.3d 447
1313:141 F.3d 39
1035:(Pub. L. 102-166).
973:Scope of protection
515:Gregory v. Ashcroft
158:Legislative history
36:
1907:U.S. Postage stamp
1810:Southern Manifesto
985:discrimination in
955:age discrimination
325:Lehman v. Nakshian
2229:
2228:
2207:Hubert Humphrey →
2189:← John F. Kennedy
1837:Johnson Amendment
1743:Lyndon B. Johnson
1210:an employee for "
1178:statutory damages
1150:motivating factor
1129:injunctive relief
951:Lyndon B. Johnson
900:
899:
287:Lorillard v. Pons
171:Lyndon B. Johnson
115:Statutes at Large
16:(Redirected from
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1338:§ 623(f)(1)
1329:
1320:
1310:
1308:Morelli v. Cedel
1304:
1298:
1297:
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1260:
1174:punitive damages
1071:§ 623(f)(1)
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181:Major amendments
140:sections created
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2296:
2292:
2291:
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2288:
2287:
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2232:
2231:
2230:
2225:
2203:← Richard Nixon
2196:Richard Nixon →
2179:
2112:
2028:
1911:
1857:
1851:
1827:Operation Texas
1792:
1780:
1772:
1761:
1753:
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1609:
1607:
1606:. April 6, 2020
1598:
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1593:
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1581:
1572:
1571:
1567:
1563:___ (2020).
1545:
1541:
1531:
1529:
1528:on July 5, 2011
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344:EEOC v. Wyoming
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167:Signed into law
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70:Enacted by
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1691:External links
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1580:. July 2, 2019
1565:
1548:Babb v. Wilkie
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1444:New York Times
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1202:employers can
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1145:Babb v. Wilkie
1067:29 U.S.C.
1045:29 U.S.C.
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943:29 U.S.C.
935:discrimination
920:29 U.S.C.
912:29 U.S.C.
898:
897:
895:
894:
893:___ (2020)
874:
873:___ (2020)
858:Babb v. Wilkie
854:
853:___ (2018)
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1775:
1771:
1767:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1752:
1751:
1748:
1744:
1737:
1732:
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1725:
1723:
1718:
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1714:
1708:
1705:
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1698:
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1679:
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1605:
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1595:
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1579:
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1569:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1549:
1543:
1540:
1524:
1517:
1514:Feder, Jody.
1510:
1507:
1503:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1491:
1485:
1482:
1478:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1466:
1460:
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1445:
1441:
1434:
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1406:
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1398:
1397:"Legislation"
1392:
1389:
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1378:
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1369:
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1362:
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1347:
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1339:
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1328:
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1309:
1303:
1300:
1292:September 28,
1288:
1284:
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1249:
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1198:
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1190:
1189:
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984:
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982:
980:
972:
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968:
964:
960:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
939:United States
936:
933:
930:that forbids
929:
925:
921:
917:
913:
909:
905:
892:
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868:
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829:
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821:
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772:
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764:
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749:
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734:
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721:
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631:
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379:
376:
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369:
365:
364:
360:
357:
354:
350:
346:
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341:
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331:
327:
326:
322:
319:
316:
312:
308:
307:
303:
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297:
293:
289:
288:
284:
281:
278:
274:
270:
269:
265:
264:
261:
257:
253:
248:
241:
235:
232:
230:
223:
217:
215:
208:
202:
200:
193:
187:
186:
184:
179:
172:
169:by President
168:
165:
164:
161:
156:
153:
149:
145:
142:
139:
135:
130:
127:
123:
119:
117:
111:
108:
101:
96:
92:
87:
84:June 12, 1968
83:
79:
76:
72:
68:
64:
59:
55:
51:
47:
43:
38:
32:
27:
19:
2213:
2194:
2187:
2176:(son-in-law)
2105:
2097:
2082:
2075:
2067:
2059:
2055:Johnson cult
2047:
2034:Public image
1867:Bibliography
1847:Bashir Ahmad
1671:
1667:
1662: (1991).
1646:
1642:
1625:
1620:
1608:. Retrieved
1603:
1594:
1582:. Retrieved
1577:
1568:
1546:
1542:
1530:. Retrieved
1523:the original
1509:
1504: (2000).
1488:
1484:
1479: (2008).
1463:
1459:
1447:. Retrieved
1443:
1433:
1421:. Retrieved
1417:
1405:
1391:
1386: (2004).
1372:
1368:
1351:
1346:
1307:
1302:
1290:. Retrieved
1286:
1277:
1268:
1264:
1258:
1187:
1171:
1143:
1142:
1135:
1133:
1114:
1112:
1105:
1103:
1096:
1090:
1075:
1060:
1053:
1042:
1030:
1022:
1014:
976:
907:
903:
901:
876:
856:
836:
817:
798:
779:
760:
741:
722:
703:
684:
665:
646:
627:
608:
589:
570:
551:
532:
513:
494:
475:
456:
437:
418:
399:
380:
361:
342:
323:
304:
285:
266:
166:
132:Codification
61:(colloquial)
31:
26:
2108:(2017 film)
2100:(2014 film)
2083:All the Way
2078:(2002 film)
2076:Path to War
1788:(1937–1949)
1776:(1949–1961)
1768:(1961–1963)
1757:(1963–1969)
1637: 1995).
1633:, 484 (
1584:January 16,
1532:November 3,
1363: 1995).
1359:, 449 (
1319: 1998).
1125:declaratory
833: (2009)
814: (2009)
795: (2008)
776: (2008)
757: (2008)
738: (2008)
719: (2005)
700: (2004)
681: (2002)
662: (2000)
643: (2000)
624: (1998)
605: (1996)
586: (1996)
567: (1995)
548: (1993)
529: (1991)
510: (1991)
491: (1991)
472: (1991)
453: (1989)
434: (1989)
415: (1985)
396: (1985)
377: (1985)
358: (1983)
339: (1981)
320: (1979)
301: (1978)
282: (1977)
148:§§ 621
2236:Categories
2174:Chuck Robb
2140:(daughter)
2134:(daughter)
1997:withdrawal
1856:Legacy and
1683:228 (2005)
1551:, No.
1418:www.nj.gov
1315:, 45 (
1212:good cause
1208:discipline
1078:New Jersey
1049:§ 630
1027:Amendments
947:§ 631
932:employment
924:§ 634
916:§ 621
94:Public law
49:Long title
2152:(brother)
2091:2016 film
2087:2012 play
1917:Elections
1859:memorials
1361:D.C. Cir.
1334:29 U.S.C.
1204:discharge
89:Citations
81:Effective
2220:Category
2146:(father)
1985:campaign
1635:5th Cir.
1610:April 6,
1449:March 1,
1228:See also
1184:Defenses
1168:Remedies
1082:New York
1039:Case law
963:pensions
120:81
58:Acronyms
1317:2d Cir.
1154:but for
995:layoffs
926:) is a
247:102–166
239:Pub. L.
229:101–433
221:Pub. L.
206:Pub. L.
191:Pub. L.
99:Pub. L.
2252:Ageism
2128:(wife)
2118:Family
1660:20, 26
1651:,
1629:,
1604:Law360
1555:,
1553:18-882
1493:,
1468:,
1423:May 8,
1375:,
1355:,
1336:
1311:,
1265:GPSolo
1239:Ageism
1195:valid
1158:ruling
1084:, and
1069:
1056:abroad
1047:
987:hiring
945:
922:
914:
885:,
883:19-267
881:, No.
865:,
863:18-882
861:, No.
845:,
843:17-587
841:, No.
245:
227:
214:99–592
212:
199:95–256
197:
146:
138:U.S.C.
124:
107:90–202
105:
2098:Selma
2048:Daisy
1808:1956
1786:TX–10
1655:
1559:
1526:(PDF)
1519:(PDF)
1497:
1472:
1414:(PDF)
1379:
1250:Notes
1095:, in
941:(see
889:
869:
849:
826:
807:
788:
769:
750:
731:
712:
693:
674:
655:
636:
617:
598:
579:
560:
541:
522:
503:
484:
465:
446:
427:
408:
389:
370:
351:
332:
313:
294:
275:
258:cases
122:Stat.
2024:1964
2014:1964
2009:1960
1992:1968
1980:1964
1970:1960
1965:1954
1950:1946
1945:1944
1940:1942
1935:1940
1797:Life
1784:for
1763:37th
1681:U.S.
1657:U.S.
1612:2020
1586:2020
1561:U.S.
1534:2011
1499:U.S.
1474:U.S.
1451:2012
1425:2023
1381:U.S.
1331:See
1294:2017
1271:(6).
1127:and
1121:EEOC
1091:The
993:and
965:and
908:ADEA
902:The
891:U.S.
871:U.S.
851:U.S.
828:U.S.
809:U.S.
790:U.S.
771:U.S.
752:U.S.
733:U.S.
714:U.S.
695:U.S.
676:U.S.
657:U.S.
638:U.S.
619:U.S.
600:U.S.
581:U.S.
562:U.S.
543:U.S.
524:U.S.
505:U.S.
486:U.S.
467:U.S.
448:U.S.
429:U.S.
410:U.S.
391:U.S.
372:U.S.
353:U.S.
334:U.S.
315:U.S.
296:U.S.
277:U.S.
73:the
65:ADEA
2106:LBJ
2068:LBJ
1678:544
1653:500
1557:589
1495:528
1477:474
1470:553
1384:581
1377:540
1206:or
1134:In
1113:In
1104:In
1004:and
979:ban
918:to
887:591
867:589
847:586
831:167
824:557
812:247
805:556
793:135
786:554
767:554
755:474
748:553
736:389
729:552
717:228
710:544
698:581
691:540
679:506
672:534
660:133
653:530
634:528
622:422
615:522
603:882
596:517
584:308
577:517
565:352
558:513
546:604
539:507
527:452
520:501
508:104
501:501
482:500
463:500
451:165
444:493
432:158
425:492
413:400
406:472
394:353
387:472
375:111
368:469
356:226
349:460
337:156
330:453
318:750
311:441
299:575
292:434
280:192
273:434
152:634
126:602
2238::
2089:,
1676:,
1602:.
1576:.
1502:62
1442:.
1416:.
1324:^
1285:.
1269:31
1267:.
1131:.
1080:,
910:;
822:,
803:,
784:,
774:84
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2085:(
1735:e
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1614:.
1588:.
1536:.
1453:.
1427:.
1399:.
1341:.
1296:.
997:;
906:(
470:1
150:–
20:)
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