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nationalized La société industrielle et agricole du Niari (SIAN). In 1978, Sucrerie du Congo took over management of the sugar sector. Societé Industrielle et
Agricole du Tabac (SIAT; Industrial and Agricultural Tobacco Company) was established in 1942, privatized in the 1990s, and was acquired by Imperial Tobacco in 2001. Agriculture accounted for less than 10% of GDP during the 1990s and 2000s, which further declined to 5% in 2008, even though 30% of the work force is engaged in farming and allied fields. A drawback in agriculture operations is that young men often prefer to move to urban areas to obtain work, leaving the task of farming to women and old people. This is one reason for the stagnation in agricultural growth in the country. In recent years, to boost agricultural production the Government of Congo has invited farmers from
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with the requirement to pay back the same number of animals at a later date. By 1980, around 22,000 animals were on loan and by 1990, the number of cattle and poultry in the country had quadrupled in the thirty years since independence, though the number of sheep and goats had risen by a more modest amount. In 2000, annual production of meat was 27,000 metric tonnes, but this was still far less than the country's needs.
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Livestock husbandry has traditionally been performed on a limited scale in the country, with cattle, sheep, goats, pigs and poultry being reared. In an effort to increase the availability of meat in rural areas, the government instituted a lend-lease system. Farmers would be lent animals by the state
62:
is the country's most significant employer, and it is one of the three most important economic sectors. With the government's efforts since 1987, agricultural production has increased due to "abolishing state marketing boards, freeing prices, launching new agricultural credit institutions and closing
142:
to carry out commercial farming in the country on a lease basis. Congo
Agriculture, an affiliate of South African farmers union "Agri SA" have ventured into this operation and have established many farms, associating with the local farmers. Initial operation was started in 2011 on a farm of around
121:
The timber industry of the country was exploited by the French from the 1940s. Before independence some 80% of the population were involved in agriculture. In the late 1960s forest products were responsible for over 60 percent of total exports from the country, but by the 1980s petroleum accounted
137:
Société du Sucre du Niari (SOSUNIARI; Sugar
Society of Niarai) developed cane plantations and in 1964, it established a sugar refinery. Société Industrielle et Agricole du Congo (SIACONGO; Industrial and Agricultural Society of Congo) was founded in 1970, about the same time that the government
80:
statistics, as of 2012, the agricultural area was 106,000 square kilometres (26,000,000 acres) which was 31% of the total land area of the country. The land used for arable cropping was 530,000 hectares (1,300,000 acres), just 1.6% of the country. The Niari Valley in the south is a notable
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A large part of the
Republic of the Congo is clad in tropical forest and about one third of the country has poor sandy soils. Of the part used for growing crops, the actual area of cultivated land is only about 50%. According to the
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80,000 hectares. Although 2000 farmers showed an interest, only 30 farmers participated in the scheme, and as of 2012 less than 20 were reportedly active.
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Agriculture is mainly in the peri-urban and remote areas of Congo where the main crops grown are manioc (Cassava), plantains, bananas, peanuts,
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97:. Exports are limited to sugar, forest based products, coffee, tobacco and rubber, with sugar and timber being profitable items of export.
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104:. In 2010, the country imported about $ 300 million of food including wheat, rice, poultry meat, palm oil and milk products.
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are also cultivated to some extent. The main consumption crops are bananas, manioc, peanuts, plantains, sugarcane, and yams.
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Despite 30% of the population being involved in agriculture, productivity is low, and agriculture accounts for under 10% of
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is mostly at the subsistence level. Self-sufficiency in food production is yet to be achieved.
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38:) is the basic food crop everywhere in the country except in the southern region, where
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for 90 percent of exports. The country is a leading nation in the production of
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for commercial purposes, although the fishing industry is relatively small.
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Republic of Congo: Interim
Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper Progress Report
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and plantains are prevalent. Among the cash crops, the most important are
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272:. International Monetary Fund. 11 February 2005. p. 20.
191:. Berlin, Germany: Amatheon Agri Holding N.V. Archived from
321:"Commercial farming in the Congo not for the faint-hearted"
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woods. Tuna, bass, sole, and sardines are caught off
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230:"Congo, Republic of the :Geography and Agriculture"
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359:Clark, John F.; Decalo, Samuel (9 August 2012).
362:Historical Dictionary of Republic of the Congo
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67:in the south is a notable agricultural area.
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168:"Capital of Congo: Capital at Brazzaville"
915:Agriculture in the Republic of the Congo
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338:Leonard, Thomas M. (27 October 2005).
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920:Economy of the Republic of the Congo
416:Economy of the Republic of the Congo
341:Encyclopedia of the Developing World
319:Maritz, Jacour (26 October 2012).
172:Agriculture, forestry, and fishing
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814:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
584:Democratic Republic of the Congo
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1:
63:down most state farms". The
323:. How We Made it in Africa.
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174:. Encyclopædia Britannica.
426:Central African CFA franc
422:
569:Central African Republic
307:Clark & Decalo 2012
283:Clark & Decalo 2012
255:Clark & Decalo 2012
243:Clark & Decalo 2012
217:Clark & Decalo 2012
189:"Republic of the Congo"
60:Subsistence agriculture
50:, though palm kernels,
515:Agriculture in Africa
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729:São Tomé and Príncipe
589:Republic of the Congo
27:Republic of the Congo
19:
344:. Psychology Press.
804:States with limited
365:. Scarecrow Press.
81:agricultural area.
25:Agriculture in the
285:, p. 402-403.
22:
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831:other territories
604:Equatorial Guinea
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372:978-0-8108-7989-8
351:978-1-57958-388-0
95:Djambala District
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332:Bibliography
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295:Leonard 2005
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197:. Retrieved
193:the original
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140:South Africa
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132:Pointe-Noire
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65:Niari Valley
35:
24:
23:
806:recognition
759:South Sudan
649:Ivory Coast
461:Agriculture
117:Development
909:Categories
861:(Portugal)
819:Somaliland
739:Seychelles
704:Mozambique
689:Mauritania
674:Madagascar
629:The Gambia
564:Cape Verde
454:Industries
424:Currency:
147:References
78:World Bank
694:Mauritius
473:Petroleum
108:Livestock
44:sugarcane
885: /
881: /
874:(France)
868: /
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842: /
794:Zimbabwe
769:Tanzania
619:Ethiopia
614:Eswatini
594:Djibouti
559:Cameroon
544:Botswana
91:palm oil
870:Réunion
866:Mayotte
857:Madeira
852:(Spain)
848:Melilla
779:Tunisia
749:Somalia
734:Senegal
719:Nigeria
709:Namibia
699:Morocco
664:Liberia
659:Lesotho
609:Eritrea
579:Comoros
554:Burundi
529:Algeria
466:cassava
199:5 April
48:tobacco
40:bananas
32:Cassava
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789:Zambia
784:Uganda
724:Rwanda
679:Malawi
639:Guinea
534:Angola
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348:
128:okoumé
56:coffee
54:, and
36:manioc
844:Ceuta
764:Sudan
714:Niger
669:Libya
654:Kenya
634:Ghana
624:Gabon
599:Egypt
539:Benin
124:limba
85:Crops
52:cacao
774:Togo
684:Mali
574:Chad
367:ISBN
346:ISBN
201:2015
126:and
71:Area
46:and
102:GDP
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