828:; as a result, the caliphs were re-imagined as reluctant supporters or even outright opponents of Mu'tazilism and the Inquisition, and the blame for these was instead shifted to Ibn Abi Du'ad. Muhammad Qasim Zaman, who characterized the chief judge as a "much maligned figure" in Sunni sources, likewise saw the portrayal of al-Mu'tasim and al-Wathiq as halfheartedly continuing the policies of al-Ma'mun as a narrative pushed by traditionalists in an attempt to de-legitimize the
659:
to al-Wathiq in
Samarra, where he was questioned on his beliefs regarding the nature of the Qur'an. Ahmad's statements during the interrogation enraged al-Wathiq, and despite Ibn Abi Du'ad's reluctance to have him killed the prisoner was personally executed by the caliph and his soldiers. The public death of Ahmad only further increased populist agitation in Baghdad against the caliph's religious policy, and Ahmad was soon turned into a martyr by supporters of orthodoxy.
577:, Ibn Abi Du'ad spent his time at court developing a reputation for moderation and compassion, interceding on several occasions to save individuals who had become subject to al-Mu'tasim's wrath from punishment and securing favors from the caliph for various patrons. At the same time, he came to play an important role in the fiscal affairs of the caliphate, his staff overseeing, for example, the division of spoils during the
505:
698:. Al-Mutawakkil also decided to diverge away from the religious policies of the previous caliphs, opting instead to put a stop to the controversy over whether the Qur'an was created or uncreated. Although he was not a partisan of the traditionalist party, he gradually abandoned Mu'tazilism and suspended the
693:
Al-Mutawakkil's reign (r. 847β861) marked a significant break with the policies of al-Mu'tasim and al-Wathiq. The new caliph was determined to eliminate the officials who had played a dominant role in the governments of his two predecessors, and in the first years of his rule he succeeded in killing
658:
Al-Wathiq's continued adherence to the belief of the created Qur'an eventually prompted a traditionalist backlash, which manifested itself in 846 as a planned popular revolt in
Baghdad. The plot was discovered ahead of time, however, and its ringleader Ahmad ibn Nasr al-Khuza'i was arrested and sent
493:
Following the accession of al-Mu'tasim, the new caliph followed his brother's advice by appointing Ibn Abi Du'ad as chief judge, replacing the latter's erstwhile patron Yahya ibn Aktham. During al-Mu'tasim's reign (r. 833β842), Ibn Abi Du'ad wielded enormous political and economic influence, and the
819:
under al-Mu'tasim and al-Wathiq may have been overstated by the sources. Tayeb el-Hibri believed that with the gradual rehabilitation of orthodoxy to the caliphate following the abandonment of Mu'tazilism, orthodox traditionalists became less inclined to discuss the role of the caliphs in fostering
774:
writers often made no attempt to conceal their hostility toward him, and passed severe judgement on his tenure in office. The trial and flogging of Ahmad ibn Hanbal in 834-5, in which Ibn Abi Du'ad played a major role, was particularly condemned. Ahmad himself is quoted as having remarked that Ibn
803:
While condemned for his religious policies and activities, Ibn Abi Du'ad was simultaneously praised by the sources for his tolerant and humane nature, along with his learning and magnanimity. Numerous anecdotes consistently portray the chief judge as a man of compromise and generosity, and he is
520:
During the reign of al-Mu'tasim, Mu'tazilism was maintained as the official creed of the state. Although the caliph reportedly lacked al-Ma'mun's personal zeal for Mu'tazilism, he nevertheless continued his brother's religious policies, allegedly due to the influence of Ibn Abi Du'ad. To ensure
804:
frequently shown as intervening to resolve disputes between the caliphs and their opponents in an effort to prevent bloodshed. He was also known as a competent poet, and was a patron of various poets and literary men. He particularly was associated with the fellow Mu'tazilite and author
717:
was forced to take up the actual discharge of his duties. Muhammad proved to be less influential than his father, and the family's standing declined as al-Mutawakkil spent the next several years taking hostile steps against the Mu'tazilites, dismissing a number of Ibn Abi Du'ad's
742:
s were dismissed. The caliph also attempted to reconcile with Ahmad ibn Hanbal and removed Ahmad ibn Nasr's body from public display, and finally, in March 852, he ordered that all prisoners held on account of the
Inquisition be released, thereby largely bringing a close to the
537:
required officials, judges and scholars to be tested on their beliefs regarding the nature of the Qur'an; individuals who refused to adhere to the position that it had been created were subject to dismissal, arrest or torture. Among the victims of the
681:
Following the death of al-Wathiq in 847, Ibn Abi Du'ad formed a council with Ibn al-Zayyat and other senior officials to determine who should succeed the caliph, eventually settling on al-Wathiq's brother Ja'far. Ibn Abi Du'ad gave the nominee the
792:)," and later sources portrayed Ahmad as heroically defending the traditionalist cause in the face of an ignorant bigot. Individuals associated with Ibn Abi Du'ad also occasionally faced discrimination after his death, as when the caliph
662:
Under al-Wathiq, the rivalry between Ibn Abi Du'ad and the vizier Ibn al-Zayyat continued. During a general crackdown against the state bureaucracy in 843-4, Ibn al-Zayyat took action against the chief judge and other court of complaint
836:. By making the Inquisition the product of a subordinate official rather than of the caliphs themselves, supporters of orthodoxy hoped to prove the moral bankruptcy of the affair and mitigate the culpability of the caliphs.
729:
courts. He also ordered that the estates of Ibn Abi Du'ad and his family to be seized and liquidated, and
Muhammad and his brothers were placed into prison. At the same time, the caliph took steps to definitively end the
494:
caliph was said to be completely under his power, with neither his public or private business done without his advice. He became one of the senior officials of the state, although he was forced to contend with the
1454:, pp. 62β64, 68β69. El-Hibri considers the positive portrayal of Ibn Abi Du'ad's character in the sources to be direct proof that the characterization of the chief judge as the prime instigator of the
5078:
713:
s to provincial cities. Less than a year after al-Mutawakkil's accession, however, the chief judge suffered a debilitating stroke that left him partially paralyzed, and his son
554:
school of jurisprudence, who was tried by Ibn Abi Du'ad and flogged for maintaining his orthodox beliefs. Ibn Abi Du'ad also oversaw the appointment of several like-minded
655:, when Ibn Abi Du'ad sent an agent to test their opinion on Qur'anic createdness and ransomed only those who supported it, leaving those who did not in Byzantine custody.
481:. By the end of al-Ma'mun's reign in 833, Ibn Abi Du'ad had become a close associate of the caliph, and on his deathbed al-Ma'mun recommended to his brother and successor
469:
in 819 β and he quickly found favor with the caliph. Al-Ma'mun was himself inclined toward Mu'tazilism, which represented a moderate alternative between orthodoxy and the
5068:
353:. During his tenure as chief judge he sought to maintain Mu'tazilism as the official ideology of the state, and he played a leading role in prosecuting the Inquisition (
260:
During his tenure as chief judge he sought to maintain Mu'tazilism as the official ideology of the state, and he played a leading role in prosecuting the
Inquisition (
465:(r. 813β833). It was while in Yahya's service that he first met al-Ma'mun β according to one anecdote, this occurred as early as the year of al-Ma'mun's arrival in
623:
s had escalated their activities in the last year of the caliph's life. With the accession of al-Wathiq, however, the new caliph ordered that the severity of the
5093:
5073:
359:) to ensure compliance with Mu'tazilite doctrines among officials and scholars. In 848 Ibn Abi Du'ad suffered a stroke and transferred his position to his son
1748:
631:
be increased, giving advocates of the inquisition approval to proceed with vigor. At the beginning of al-Wathiq's reign, Ibn Abi Du'ad appointed several new
762:
With the political decline of Mu'tazilism and the victory of orthodoxy, Ibn Abi Du'ad was criticised for his doctrinal beliefs and the prosecution of the
378:
As one of the most senior officials during the reigns of several caliphs, Ibn Abi Du'ad's stature at the
Abbasid court has been compared with that of the
754:
Ibn Abi Du'ad survived for only three years after the loss of the chief judgeship. He died in June 854, twenty days after the death of his son
Muhammad.
1888:
2774:
4491:
1739:
903:
3985:
2762:
1856:
714:
360:
188:
92:
1250:
has an account of al-Mutawakkil's accession that significantly differs from al-Tabari's, and provides a comparison of the two versions.
3035:
595:
in 836, where he received a land allotment in the central city, and in 840 he presided over the heresy trial of the disgraced general
4109:
1820:
1790:
1708:
Ahmed ibn Hanbal and the Mihna: A Biography of the Imam
Including An Account of the Mohammedan Inquisition Called the Mihna, 218-234
1695:
1642:
1604:
1583:
1557:
1515:
1808:
611:(r. 842β847), who similarly maintained the doctrine that the Qur'an had been created. For the majority of al-Mu'tasim's reign, the
869:...his major enemies besides the ruling elite were some scholars of the Hanafi school, in particular the judge Ahmad ibn Abi Dawud
643:, and in the provinces there was a marked increase of persecutions against individuals who were considered dissenters. In 845 the
5063:
5058:
4725:
1571:
808:, who dedicated at least one of his works to him and provided him with theological arguments to use against the traditionalists.
725:
In late 851, al-Mutawakkil decided to completely remove Ibn Abi Du'ad from power and stripped
Muhammad of his positions in the
4169:
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585:, and following a large fire in Baghdad he was able to convince the caliph to entrust him with distributing five million
5022:
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1800:
738:. In place of Ibn Abi Du'ad, Yahya ibn Aktham was re-appointed as chief judge, while several more of Ibn Abi Du'ad's
280:, He was appointed as chief judge of the Abbasid Caliphate in 833, and became highly influential during the reign of
5083:
4515:
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3871:
3329:
3168:
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to preside over religious matters, and in 827 he proclaimed his belief in a central Mu'tazilite tenet, that the
450:, the founder of Mu'tazilism, and under his tutelage Ibn Abi Du'ad became an advocate of Mu'tazilite doctrines.
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5017:
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for the relief of the citizens there. Ibn Abi Du'ad additionally took part in the move to the new capital of
4973:
4845:
4839:
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4617:
4545:
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2822:
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2531:
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394:, caused his reputation to suffer after his death, and he was made into an object of vilification by later
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2353:
2341:
2100:
2070:
2041:
2035:
2012:
1965:
498:
430:, although the latter claim was later contested by Ibn Abi Du'ad's enemies. Early in his life he moved to
317:
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2554:
2365:
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1634:
The
Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates: The Islamic Near East from the Sixth to the Eleventh Century
1655:(1996). "Religious Policies of the Caliphs from al-Mutawakkil to al-Muqtadir: AH 232-295/AD 847-908".
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El-Hibri, Tayeb (2001). "The Image of al-Wathiq: A Riddle of Religious and Historical Significance".
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Reinterpreting Islamic Historiography: Harun al-Rashid and the Narrative of the 'Abbasid Caliphate
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may have been intensified after al-Mu'tasim entered his final illness and withdrew from politics.
669:) officials, who were investigated and imprisoned as a result. Their cases were presided over by
521:
compliance with the doctrine of the created Qur'an, the chief judge continued the Inquisition or
206:
2537:
2519:
1959:
1623:. Trans. Bn. Mac Guckin de Slane. Paris: Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland.
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or removing from power the majority of these men, including Ibn al-Zayyat and the chamberlain
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More recently, some modern scholars have argued that Ibn Abi Du'ad's role in maintaining the
800:
s and exiled them to Baghdad upon learning that they had been followers of the former judge.
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at their height. Considered a leading Mu'tazilite and one of the chief architects of the
1706:
898:, Γtudes arabes, mΓ©diΓ©vales et modernes, Beyrouth: Presses de lβIfpo, pp. 426β461,
709:
The new caliph initially took no action against Ibn Abi Du'ad, who continued to appoint
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Religion and Politics Under the Early 'Abbasids: The Emergence of the Proto-Sunni Elite
1499:
482:
346:
281:
706:, ultimately putting an end to the doctrinal regime that had been in place since 833.
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1614:
1226:, pp. 90β91, notes that al-Tabari's account of this episode is somewhat cryptic.
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419:
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had generally been only lightly enforced, although Ibn Abi Du'ad and his allied
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in 838; he is also said to have pushed through an irrigation canal project in
453:
Following the completion of his studies, Ibn Abi Du'ad became affiliated with
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s from office and ordering an end to debate over the nature of the Qur'an.
446:). His teacher Hayyaj ibn al-'Ala' al-Sulami had formerly been a pupil of
4003:
1729:
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805:
607:
Ibn Abi Du'ad remained influential under al-Mu'tasim's son and successor
431:
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891:
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s to various cities throughout the empire, who similarly prosecuted the
434:
with his father, and he spent his youth learning Islamic jurisprudence (
2708:
1676:
665:
551:
466:
390:, his persecution of orthodox scholars, including the famed theologian
504:
587:
495:
226:
1723:. Vol. 40 vols. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
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695:
673:, and they were publicly displayed and treated in a harsh manner.
503:
470:
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411:
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261:
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529:. Initiated by al-Ma'mun just four months before his death, the
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436:
333:
250:
164:
53:
1870:
1358:, pp. 70β71 (giving an exact death date of June 23, 854);
345:
in 833, and became highly influential during the caliphates of
690:, and the latter was accordingly invested with the caliphate.
363:, but his family's influence declined during the caliphate of
367:, who gradually abandoned Mu'tazilism and put an end to the
1615:
Ibn Khallikan, Shams al-Din Abu al-Abbas Ahmad ibn Muhammad
1576:
The Encyclopedia of Islam, New Edition, Volume VII: MifβNaz
1508:
The Encyclopedia of Islam, New Edition, Volume IV: IranβKha
5009:
Scholars of other Sunni Islamic schools of jurisprudence
854:"Answers to Doubts over the 'Aqidah of Imam Abu Hanifah"
796:(r. 866β869) cancelled the appointments of eight men as
1730:
Les cadis dβIraq et lβΓtat abbasside (132/750-334/945).
1687:
The Historical Topography of Samarra: Samarra Studies I
485:
that he admit Ibn Abi Du'ad to his circle of advisors.
896:
Les cadis d'Iraq et l'Γtat Abbasside (132/750-334/945)
1813:
The Encyclopedia of Islam, New Edition, Volume I: AβB
1733:
Damascus: Institut français du Proche-Orient, 2009.
1690:. London: The British School of Archeology in Iraq.
501:, who became his chief rival in the administration.
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782:)" and "the most ignorant of people in knowledge (
651:was even extended to Muslim prisoners held by the
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1371:
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473:while simultaneously affirming his authority as
1620:Ibn Khallikan's Biographical Dictionary, Vol. I
324:ΚΎAbΕ« ΚΏAbd AllΔh ΚΎAαΈ₯mad ibn ΚΎAbΔ« DuΚΎΔd al-ΚΎIyΔdΔ«
1427:
1359:
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1219:
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775:Abi Du'ad was a "disbeliever of God Almighty (
5079:9th-century people from the Abbasid Caliphate
1882:
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1355:
1331:
1299:
1162:, p. 4. Both authors speculate that the
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1035:
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8:
1637:(Second ed.). Harlow: Pearson Longman.
1596:The Formation of Hanbalism: Piety into Power
1578:. Leiden and New York: BRILL. pp. 2β6.
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410:in 776 or 777, Ibn Abi Du'ad belonged to an
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1815:. Leiden and New York: BRILL. p. 271.
1510:. Leiden and New York: BRILL. p. 289.
414:family that originated from a village near
337:) of the mid-ninth century. A proponent of
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1889:
1875:
1867:
1829:
305:Abu 'Abdallah Ahmad ibn Abi Du'ad al-Iyadi
29:
1552:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
1131:
341:, he was appointed as chief judge of the
5069:Muslim scholars of Islamic jurisprudence
1717:Al-Tabari, Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Jarir
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566:within their respective jurisdictions.
508:Map showing prominent cities where the
268:doctrines among officials and scholars.
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1007:
963:
1719:(1985β2007). Ehsan Yar-Shater (ed.).
1483:
1407:
1395:
1323:
1203:
1183:
1159:
1079:
313:Ψ£Ψ¨Ω ΨΉΨ¨Ψ― Ψ§ΩΩΩ Ψ£ΨΩ
Ψ― Ψ¨Ω Ψ£Ψ¨Ω Ψ―Ψ€Ψ§Ψ― Ψ§ΩΨ₯ΩΨ§Ψ―Ω
7:
5094:Chief qadis of the Abbasid Caliphate
5074:9th-century Muslim scholars of Islam
951:
312:
37:
3036:Shihabuddeen Ahmed Koya Shaliyathi
880:Al Baghdadi, Tarikh Baghdad 15:518
25:
852:Rahman, Zameelur (1 March 2014).
569:Outside of his overseeing of the
3986:Ahmed Muhyuddin Nuri Shah Jilani
1938:(founder of the school; 699β767)
1857:Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Abi Du'ad
27:Abbasid official and Chief Judge
4170:Asad Muhammad Saeed as-Sagharji
890:Tillier, Mathieu (2009-12-05),
635:s to Baghdad who supported the
4098:Naseer Ahmad Khan Bulandshahri
3072:Mohammad Abdul Ghafoor Hazarvi
2901:Abd Allah ibn Abbas ibn Siddiq
2129:Abu Ishaq al-Saffar al-Bukhari
1779:Zaman, Muhammad Qasim (1997).
1:
1440:ZetterstΓ©en & Pellat 1960
1372:ZetterstΓ©en & Pellat 1960
1352:ZetterstΓ©en & Pellat 1960
1328:ZetterstΓ©en & Pellat 1960
1246:, pp. 91β93, notes that
1240:ZetterstΓ©en & Pellat 1960
1100:ZetterstΓ©en & Pellat 1960
1052:ZetterstΓ©en & Pellat 1960
1028:ZetterstΓ©en & Pellat 1960
980:ZetterstΓ©en & Pellat 1960
936:ZetterstΓ©en & Pellat 1960
489:Chief judge under al-Mu'tasim
4816:Bilal Abdul Hai Hasani Nadwi
3860:Ghulamur Rahman Maizbhandari
3756:Kafilur Rahman Nishat Usmani
3600:Hafizur Rahman Wasif Dehlavi
3014:Abdullah Barelvi (1841β1949)
2889:Syed Ahmadullah Maizbhandari
1684:Northedge, Alastair (2008).
671:Ishaq ibn Ibrahim al-Mus'abi
264:) to ensure compliance with
4726:Najibul Bashar Maizbhandari
4254:Iftikhar-ul-Hasan Kandhlawi
4188:Abdullah Quraishi Al-Azhari
4092:Abu Saeed Muhammad Omar Ali
4022:Shamsul-hasan Shams Barelvi
3726:Abul Hasan Ali Hasani Nadwi
2769:Haji Dost Muhammad Qandhari
2189:Burhan al-Din al-Marghinani
1457:
1165:
831:
823:
814:
765:
746:
733:
701:
646:
638:
626:
614:
572:
561:
541:
532:
524:
511:
440:) and scholastic theology (
385:
370:
323:
5110:
4516:Qamruddin Ahmad Gorakhpuri
3872:Mohammad Abu Bakr Siddique
3103:Khwaja Qamar ul Din Sialvi
3066:Abdul Hamid Qadri Badayuni
2395:Zenbilli Ali Cemali Efendi
2313:Shams al-Din al-Samarqandi
2054:Abu al-Layth al-Samarqandi
1727:Tillier, Mathieu. (2009).
1705:Patton, Walter M. (1897).
1090:, pp. 56 ff., 89 ff..
422:and which belonged to the
327:) (776/7βJune 854) was an
5007:
4642:Zulfiqar Ahmad Naqshbandi
4486:Ziaul Mustafa Razvi Qadri
4064:Naseeruddin Naseer Gilani
3830:Medeni Mehmet Nuri Efendi
3654:Habib al-Rahman al-A'zami
3426:Khair Muhammad Jalandhari
3085:Ghulam Mohiuddin Ghaznavi
2638:Mirza Mazhar Jan-e-Janaan
1908:
1853:
1840:
1832:
121:
110:
63:
48:
4954:Ghulam Mohammad Vastanvi
4936:Shahinur Pasha Chowdhury
4278:Tafazzul Haque Habiganji
4152:Zubairul Hasan Kandhlawi
4122:Shah Saeed Ahmed Raipuri
4028:Abd al-Fattah Abu Ghudda
3980:Abu Zafar Mohammad Saleh
3944:Ghulam Mohiyuddin Gilani
3812:Mehmet Cemaleddin Efendi
3594:Abdur Rashid Tarkabagish
3438:Mushahid Ahmad Bayampuri
3252:Muhammad Ahmad Nanautawi
3234:Khalil Ahmad Saharanpuri
3009:Naeem-ud-Deen Muradabadi
2865:Imdadullah Muhajir Makki
2793:Muhammad Qasim Nanautavi
2549:Shihab al-Din al-Khafaji
2242:Abu al-Barakat al-Nasafi
2183:Jamal al-Din al-Ghaznawi
2113:Abu al-Thana' al-Lamishi
1765:10.1163/187783710X536671
1747:Turner, John P. (2010).
1721:The History of Al-αΉ¬abarΔ«
1669:10.1163/1568519962599069
1593:Hurvitz, Nimrod (2002).
1546:El-Hibri, Tayeb (1999).
1110:, pp. 62β64, 68β69.
942:, pp. 61β62, 70β71.
5064:9th-century Arab people
5059:8th-century Arab people
4974:Izharul Islam Chowdhury
4846:Arif Jameel Mubarakpuri
4624:Abul Kalam Qasmi Shamsi
4474:Syed Abdul Qadir Jilani
4206:Abdul Jabbar Jahanabadi
4040:Ghulam Moinuddin Gilani
3798:Obaidul Haque Wazirpuri
3720:Muhammad Abdullah Ghazi
3468:Muhammad Miyan Deobandi
3432:Muhammad Ali Jalandhari
3420:Shamsul Haque Faridpuri
3324:Asghar Hussain Deobandi
3024:Murtaza Hasan Chandpuri
2985:Ghulam Muhammad Dinpuri
2973:Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi
2823:Abd al-Hayy al-Lucknawi
2608:Abd al-Ghani al-Nabulsi
2526:'Abd al-Haqq al-Dehlawi
2348:'Ala' al-Din al-Bukhari
2295:Akmal al-Din al-Babarti
2218:Qutbuddin Bakhtiar Kaki
2147:Abu Hafs Umar al-Nasafi
1657:Islamic Law and Society
1599:. New York: Routledge.
1527:Quaderni di Studi Arabi
1062:, pp. 62, 66, 69;
546:during this period was
479:Qur'an had been created
4930:Yasir Nadeem al Wajidi
4564:Abdolhamid Ismaeelzahi
4480:Muhibbullah Babunagari
4434:Delwar Hossain Sayeedi
4356:Noor Alam Khalil Amini
4344:Muhammad Ali al-Sabuni
4338:Nizamuddin Asir Adrawi
4182:Abdul Majeed Ludhianvi
3750:Ashraf Ali Bishwanathi
3684:Inamul Hasan Kandhlawi
3618:Shamsul Huda Panchbagi
3576:Saeed Ahmad Akbarabadi
3402:Hifzur Rahman Seoharwi
3288:Shukrullah Mubarakpuri
3216:Abdul Hamid Madarshahi
2626:Shah Waliullah Dehlawi
2354:Husam ad-Din Manikpuri
2342:Shams al-Din al-Fanari
2265:Uthman bin Ali Zayla'i
2107:Abu al-Mu'in al-Nasafi
2101:Abu al-Yusr al-Bazdawi
2071:Abu al-Husayn al-Basri
2042:Al-Hakim al-Samarqandi
2036:Abu Mansur al-Maturidi
2013:Abu Bakr al-Samarqandi
1749:"The End of the Mihna"
1711:. Leiden: E. J. Brill.
1362:, v. 34: pp. 129, 131.
1302:, pp. 66, 69β70;
517:
499:Muhammad ibn al-Zayyat
4900:Ishtiaque Ahmad Qasmi
4780:Faiz-ul-Aqtab Siddiqi
4714:Rahmatullah Mir Qasmi
4702:Kaukab Noorani Okarvi
4630:Yaseen Akhtar Misbahi
4582:Farid Uddin Chowdhury
4492:Abdul Qadir Pakistani
4462:Ghulam Rasool Jamaati
4392:Abdur Razzaq Iskander
4332:Azizur Rahman Hazarvi
4296:Saeed Ahmad Palanpuri
4284:Muhammad Abdus Sobhan
4236:Muhammad Abdul Wahhab
4176:Abdur Rahman Chatgami
4134:Wahbi Sulayman Ghawji
3998:Hamid al-Ansari Ghazi
3992:Sayed Moazzem Hossain
3968:Abdur Rahim Firozpuri
3956:Abdul Majid Daryabadi
3738:Sharif Hasan Deobandi
3714:Sultan Ahmad Nanupuri
3690:Mahmood Hasan Gangohi
3630:Abdul Jalil Badarpuri
3606:Muhammadullah Hafezzi
3450:Syed Fakhruddin Ahmad
3444:Abdur Rahman Kashgari
3222:Mahmud Hasan Deobandi
3169:Rashid Ahmed Jaunpuri
2853:Mahmoodullah Hussaini
2841:Rahmatullah Kairanawi
2817:Ubaidullah Suhrawardy
2799:Ahmad Ali Saharanpuri
2745:Fazl-e-Haq Khairabadi
2555:Khayr al-Din al-Ramli
2366:Al-Kamal ibn al-Humam
1653:Melchert, Christopher
1146:, v. 33: pp. 185 ff..
1034:, v. 32: pp. 229-30;
758:Legacy and assessment
550:, the founder of the
507:
251:Islamic jurisprudence
4984:Anwar-ul-Haq Haqqani
4912:Muhammad al-Kawthari
4888:Abdur Rahman Mangera
4750:Mizanur Rahman Sayed
4666:Nurul Islam Walipuri
4648:Abdul Khaliq Madrasi
4456:Saifur Rahman Nizami
4386:Abdus Salam Chatgami
4320:Khadim Hussain Rizvi
4290:Abdul Momin Imambari
4266:Ghulam Nabi Kashmiri
4146:Qazi Mu'tasim Billah
4140:Muhammad Fazal Karim
3950:Abul Wafa Al Afghani
3938:Amimul Ehsan Barkati
3920:Abdul Batin Jaunpuri
3914:Ahmed Ali Enayetpuri
3818:Abdul Awwal Jaunpuri
3774:Sirajussajidin Katki
3768:Abdullah Abbas Nadwi
3570:Atiqur Rahman Usmani
3360:Hussain Ahmed Madani
3354:Manazir Ahsan Gilani
3342:Shabbir Ahmad Usmani
3246:Azizur Rahman Usmani
3240:Muhammad Ali Mungeri
3193:Sarfraz Ahmed Naeemi
3109:Muslehuddin Siddiqui
3079:Fazlur Rahman Ansari
3054:Sardar Ahmad Chishti
3030:Kifayatullah Dehlawi
2919:Sayyid Muhammad Abid
2895:Fazlur Rahman Usmani
2877:Rashid Ahmad Gangohi
2871:Hafiz Ahmad Jaunpuri
2757:Karamat Ali Jaunpuri
2733:Mamluk Ali Nanautawi
2596:Zinat-un-Nissa Begum
2473:Yaqub Sarfi Kashmiri
2467:TaΕkΓΆprΓΌlΓΌzade Ahmet
2407:Abdul Quddus Gangohi
2319:Al-Sharif al-Jurjani
2289:Jahaniyan Jahangasht
2224:Mu'in al-Din Chishti
2171:Fatima al-Samarqandi
2165:Nur al-Din al-Sabuni
2159:Siraj al-Din al-Ushi
2077:Karima al-Marwaziyya
2001:Al-Hakim al-Tirmidhi
1954:Muhammad al-Shaybani
1809:"Ahmad b. Abi Du'ad"
1338:, v. 34: pp. 116-19.
1238:, v. 34: pp. 61-64;
1086:, pp. 123 ff.;
1014:, v. 32: pp. 176-77.
186:Abdullah ibn Ahmad,
106:Official and Adviser
34:Ahmad ibn Abi Du'ad
4858:Raza Saqib Mustafai
4422:Abdul Halim Bukhari
4158:Nurul Islam Farooqi
4104:Zafeeruddin Miftahi
4052:Abdul Latif Fultali
3792:Anzar Shah Kashmiri
3744:Nur Uddin Gohorpuri
3642:Minnatullah Rahmani
3636:Abdul Matin Fulbari
3612:Abdul Aziz Malazada
3558:Shamsul Haq Afghani
3546:Zakariyya Kandhlawi
3516:Ahmed Ali Badarpuri
3510:Syed Muhammad Ishaq
3390:Abdul Qadir Raipuri
3366:Ahmad Saeed Dehlavi
3306:Habibullah Qurayshi
3282:Abul Muhasin Sajjad
3264:Anwar Shah Kashmiri
3145:Abdul Wahab Siddiqi
3115:Faiz-ul Hassan Shah
3042:Abdul Aleem Siddiqi
2967:Asrarullah Hussaini
2943:Najib Ali Choudhury
2883:Abdul Wahid Bengali
2847:Mustafa Ruhi Efendi
2727:Shah Muhammad Ishaq
2697:Fatima al-Fudayliya
2679:Γerkes Halil Efendi
2614:Syed Mohammad Zaman
2431:Nagore Shahul Hamid
2360:Badr al-Din al-Ayni
2277:Uthman Siraj ad-Din
2271:Shah Jalal Mujarrad
1989:Ahmad ibn Abi Du'ad
1966:Waki' ibn al-Jarrah
1428:Al-Tabari 1985β2007
1360:Al-Tabari 1985β2007
1336:Al-Tabari 1985β2007
1322:, pp. 325β26;
1304:Al-Tabari 1985β2007
1298:, pp. 321β25;
1266:, pp. 90 ff.;
1262:, pp. 167β68;
1236:Al-Tabari 1985β2007
1222:, v. 34: pp. 8-11.
1220:Al-Tabari 1985β2007
1210:, v. 34: pp. 26-35.
1208:Al-Tabari 1985β2007
1202:, pp. 121β22;
1190:, v. 34: pp. 38-43.
1188:Al-Tabari 1985β2007
1144:Al-Tabari 1985β2007
1050:, pp. 123β25;
1032:Al-Tabari 1985β2007
1012:Al-Tabari 1985β2007
892:"I - Le grand cadi"
488:
461:) under the caliph
457:, the chief judge (
144:, Abbasid Caliphate
18:Ahmad ibn Abi Duwad
4994:Abdul Khabeer Azad
4882:Husamuddin Fultali
4822:Qasim Rashid Ahmad
4720:AFM Khalid Hossain
4612:Kafeel Ahmad Qasmi
4588:Farid Uddin Masood
4504:Yusuf Ziya Kavakçı
4468:Syed Waheed Ashraf
4398:Nurul Islam Jihadi
4326:Nur Hossain Kasemi
4128:Fazlul Haque Amini
4016:Abdul Haque Faridi
3932:Muhammad Abu Zahra
3848:Abdur Rab Jaunpuri
3678:Shams Naved Usmani
3672:Abul Hasan Jashori
3540:Shah Abd al-Wahhab
3486:Abdul Wahhab Pirji
3480:Muhammad Faizullah
3462:Zafar Ahmad Usmani
3456:Deen Muhammad Khan
3372:Badre Alam Merathi
3276:Majid Ali Jaunpuri
3258:Ibrahim Ali Tashna
3228:Sufi Azizur Rahman
3187:Shah Ahmad Noorani
2925:Ahmad Hasan Amrohi
2907:Muhammad Naimuddin
2859:Syed Ahmad Dehlavi
2835:Rafiuddin Deobandi
2709:Syed Mir Nisar Ali
2703:Syed Ahmad Barelvi
2685:Ghulam Ali Dehlavi
2656:Syed Mohammad Rafi
2650:Sanaullah Panipati
2561:Syed Rafi Mohammad
2437:Mosleh al-Din Lari
2212:Jalaluddin Tabrizi
1801:ZetterstΓ©en, K. V.
1474:, pp. 124β26.
1452:Ibn Khallikan 1871
1356:Ibn Khallikan 1871
1332:Ibn Khallikan 1871
1318:, pp. 95β98;
1300:Ibn Khallikan 1871
1108:Ibn Khallikan 1871
1060:Ibn Khallikan 1871
1036:Ibn Khallikan 1871
998:, pp. 161β62.
984:Ibn Khallikan 1871
968:Ibn Khallikan 1871
940:Ibn Khallikan 1871
926:, pp. 123β24.
677:Downfall and death
518:
207:Islamic Golden Age
198:Abi Du'ad al-Iyadi
189:Muhammad ibn Ahmad
135:Ahmad (birth name)
93:Muhammad ibn Ahmad
5084:People from Basra
5036:
5035:
4979:Amjad M. Mohammed
4969:Abdul Malek Halim
4959:Tauqeer Raza Khan
4870:Syed Faizul Karim
4852:Obaidullah Hamzah
4834:Syed Rezaul Karim
4708:Hamid Saeed Kazmi
4684:Ameen Mian Quadri
4600:Mukhtaruddin Shah
4570:Abul Qasim Nomani
4558:Qamaruzzaman Azmi
4546:Kamaluddin Zafree
4522:Sultan Zauq Nadvi
4368:Junaid Babunagari
4362:Usman Mansoorpuri
4230:Alauddin Siddiqui
4212:Shah Turab-ul-Haq
4194:Sibtain Raza Khan
4116:Abdus Sattar Akon
4058:Muhammad Abdullah
4034:Amin Ahsan Islahi
3974:Muntakhib al-Haqq
3962:Abul A'la Maududi
3926:Momtazuddin Ahmad
3836:Hamiduddin Farahi
3807:
3806:
3780:Abrarul Haq Haqqi
3762:Syed Fazlul Karim
3702:Shamsuddin Qasemi
3696:Athar Mubarakpuri
3582:Azhar Shah Qaiser
3492:Athar Ali Bengali
3330:Sahool Bhagalpuri
3312:Ubaidullah Sindhi
3294:Ashraf Ali Thanwi
3270:Sayyid Mumtaz Ali
3210:Imamuddin Punjabi
3163:Ghulam Ali Okarvi
3151:Karam Shah Azhari
3133:Shujaat Ali Qadri
3127:Ahmad Saeed Kazmi
3091:Mustafa Raza Khan
3060:Ibrahim Raza Khan
2829:Siddiq Bharchundi
2721:Haji Shariatullah
2644:Murtada al-Zabidi
2632:Shah Nuri Bengali
2419:Fahreddin-i Acemi
2413:IbrΔhΔ«m al-αΈ€alabΔ«
2259:Nizamuddin Auliya
1865:
1864:
1854:Succeeded by
1847:Abbasid Caliphate
1785:. Leiden: Brill.
1743:
1740:978-2-35159-028-7
905:978-2-35159-278-6
343:Abbasid Caliphate
331:religious judge (
321:
302:
301:
217:Abbasid Caliphate
161:Abbasid Caliphate
58:Abbasid Caliphate
16:(Redirected from
5101:
4964:Subhan Raza Khan
4786:Abdullah Maroofi
4756:Hanif Jalandhari
4738:Shakir Ali Noori
4732:Abdul Aziz Ghazi
4696:Abu Taher Misbah
4660:Nadeem al-Wajidi
4552:Muneeb-ur-Rehman
4498:Nematullah Azami
4308:Shah Ahmad Shafi
4248:Akhtar Raza Khan
4218:Saleemullah Khan
4086:Marghubur Rahman
3890:Nesaruddin Ahmad
3884:Khwaja Yunus Ali
3842:Machiliwale Shah
3824:Azimuddin Hanafi
3624:Abdul Haq Akorwi
3588:Harun Babunagari
3414:Shah Ahmad Hasan
3396:Ahmed Ali Lahori
3181:Ibrahim Siddiqui
3157:Sadruddin Islahi
3139:Waqaruddin Qadri
2957:
2931:Kareemullah Shah
2913:Hassan Raza Khan
2811:Mazhar Nanautawi
2590:Shah Abdur Rahim
2573:Syed Inayatullah
2567:Mir Zahid Harawi
2485:Mustafa Selaniki
2443:Muhammad Birgivi
1995:Yahya ibn Aktham
1891:
1884:
1877:
1868:
1836:Yahya ibn Aktham
1833:Preceded by
1830:
1826:
1796:
1775:
1773:
1771:
1734:
1724:
1712:
1701:
1680:
1648:
1624:
1610:
1589:
1563:
1542:
1521:
1487:
1481:
1475:
1469:
1463:
1460:
1437:
1431:
1430:, v. 35: p. 143.
1421:
1415:
1405:
1399:
1393:
1387:
1381:
1375:
1369:
1363:
1345:
1339:
1326:, pp. 4β5;
1313:
1307:
1289:
1283:
1277:
1271:
1257:
1251:
1233:
1227:
1217:
1211:
1197:
1191:
1177:
1171:
1168:
1153:
1147:
1141:
1135:
1129:
1123:
1117:
1111:
1097:
1091:
1082:, pp. 3β4;
1077:
1071:
1045:
1039:
1021:
1015:
1005:
999:
993:
987:
977:
971:
961:
955:
949:
943:
933:
927:
921:
915:
914:
913:
912:
887:
881:
878:
872:
871:
866:
864:
849:
834:
826:
817:
788:) and theology (
780:bi'llah al-'azim
768:
749:
736:
704:
649:
641:
629:
617:
579:Amorium campaign
575:
564:
548:Ahmad ibn Hanbal
544:
535:
527:
514:
455:Yahya ibn Aktham
392:Ahmad ibn Hanbal
388:
373:
326:
316:
314:
247:Islamic theology
243:Main interest(s)
115:
97:Yahya ibn Aktham
89:
81:Yahya ibn Aktham
77:
68:
40:
39:
38:Ψ£ΨΩ
Ψ― Ψ¨Ω Ψ£Ψ¨Ω Ψ―Ψ€Ψ§Ψ―
30:
21:
5109:
5108:
5104:
5103:
5102:
5100:
5099:
5098:
5039:
5038:
5037:
5032:
5003:
4906:Adnan Kakakhail
4828:Asjad Raza Khan
4444:
4416:AbdulWahid Rigi
4410:Wahiduddin Khan
4350:Muhammad Wakkas
4302:Salman Mazahiri
4069:
3878:Abd Allah Siraj
3803:
3666:Masihullah Khan
3564:Ibrahim Chatuli
3474:Ibrahim Balyawi
3408:Yusuf Kandhlawi
3348:Izaz Ali Amrohi
3318:Ilyas Kandhlawi
3198:
3048:Amin ul-Hasanat
3018:Jamaat Ali Shah
3003:Amjad Ali Aazmi
2997:Hamid Raza Khan
2948:
2805:Yaqub Nanautawi
2775:Mehr Ali Qadiri
2739:Mahmud al-Alusi
2691:Shah Abdul Aziz
2667:
2602:Syed Hayatullah
2578:
2520:KadΔ±zade Mehmed
2496:
2479:Sadeddin Efendi
2461:Wajihuddin Alvi
2449:Ebussuud Efendi
2425:Muhammad Ghawth
2383:
2324:
2247:
2194:
2135:Ibn al-MalΔαΈ₯imΔ«
2117:
2059:
2018:
1971:
1960:Yahya ibn Ma'in
1924:
1904:
1898:Muslim scholars
1895:
1861:
1859:
1850:
1838:
1823:
1799:
1793:
1778:
1769:
1767:
1746:
1715:
1704:
1698:
1683:
1651:
1645:
1627:
1613:
1607:
1592:
1586:
1566:
1560:
1545:
1524:
1518:
1498:
1495:
1490:
1482:
1478:
1470:
1466:
1442:, p. 271;
1438:
1434:
1426:, p. 332;
1422:
1418:
1410:, p. 112;
1406:
1402:
1394:
1390:
1382:
1378:
1370:
1366:
1354:, p. 271;
1346:
1342:
1330:, p. 271;
1314:
1310:
1306:, v. 34: p. 75.
1290:
1286:
1278:
1274:
1258:
1254:
1242:, p. 271.
1234:
1230:
1218:
1214:
1198:
1194:
1182:, p. 126;
1178:
1174:
1158:, p. 126;
1154:
1150:
1142:
1138:
1130:
1126:
1118:
1114:
1102:, p. 271;
1098:
1094:
1078:
1074:
1054:, p. 271;
1046:
1042:
1030:, p. 271;
1026:, p. 124;
1022:
1018:
1006:
1002:
994:
990:
982:, p. 271;
978:
974:
962:
958:
950:
946:
938:, p. 271;
934:
930:
922:
918:
910:
908:
906:
889:
888:
884:
879:
875:
862:
860:
851:
850:
846:
842:
760:
679:
605:
603:Under al-Wathiq
491:
448:Wasil ibn 'Ata'
404:
257:Notable work(s)
187:
168:
154:
145:
139:
137:
136:
116:
111:
87:
75:
69:
64:
44:
41:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5107:
5105:
5097:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5041:
5040:
5034:
5033:
5031:
5030:
5025:
5020:
5015:
5008:
5005:
5004:
5002:
5001:
4999:Muzaffar Qadri
4996:
4991:
4989:Mukarram Ahmad
4986:
4981:
4976:
4971:
4966:
4961:
4956:
4951:
4948:Kaif Raza Khan
4945:
4942:Abbas Siddiqui
4939:
4933:
4927:
4921:
4915:
4909:
4903:
4897:
4891:
4885:
4879:
4873:
4867:
4864:Manzoor Mengal
4861:
4855:
4849:
4843:
4837:
4831:
4825:
4819:
4813:
4807:
4804:Mahfuzul Haque
4801:
4798:Abu Reza Nadwi
4795:
4792:Arshad Misbahi
4789:
4783:
4777:
4774:Saad Kandhlawi
4771:
4765:
4762:Sajidur Rahman
4759:
4753:
4747:
4741:
4735:
4729:
4723:
4717:
4711:
4705:
4699:
4693:
4690:Pir Sabir Shah
4687:
4681:
4675:
4669:
4663:
4657:
4651:
4645:
4639:
4633:
4627:
4621:
4618:Tahir-ul-Qadri
4615:
4609:
4603:
4597:
4594:Mahmudul Hasan
4591:
4585:
4579:
4573:
4567:
4561:
4555:
4549:
4543:
4537:
4531:
4525:
4519:
4513:
4507:
4501:
4495:
4489:
4483:
4477:
4471:
4465:
4459:
4452:
4450:
4446:
4445:
4443:
4440:Shahidul Islam
4437:
4431:
4425:
4419:
4413:
4407:
4401:
4395:
4389:
4383:
4377:
4371:
4365:
4359:
4353:
4347:
4341:
4335:
4329:
4323:
4317:
4311:
4305:
4299:
4293:
4287:
4281:
4275:
4269:
4263:
4257:
4251:
4245:
4239:
4233:
4227:
4224:Yunus Jaunpuri
4221:
4215:
4209:
4203:
4200:Muhiuddin Khan
4197:
4191:
4185:
4179:
4173:
4167:
4161:
4155:
4149:
4143:
4137:
4131:
4125:
4119:
4113:
4107:
4101:
4095:
4089:
4083:
4077:
4075:
4071:
4070:
4068:
4067:
4061:
4055:
4049:
4046:Naeem Siddiqui
4043:
4037:
4031:
4025:
4019:
4013:
4010:Mukhtar Ashraf
4007:
4001:
3995:
3989:
3983:
3977:
3971:
3965:
3959:
3953:
3947:
3941:
3935:
3929:
3923:
3917:
3911:
3905:
3899:
3893:
3887:
3881:
3875:
3869:
3866:Muhammad Ishaq
3863:
3857:
3854:Meher Ali Shah
3851:
3845:
3839:
3833:
3827:
3821:
3815:
3808:
3805:
3804:
3802:
3801:
3795:
3789:
3783:
3777:
3771:
3765:
3759:
3753:
3747:
3741:
3735:
3729:
3723:
3717:
3711:
3708:Manzoor Nomani
3705:
3699:
3693:
3687:
3681:
3675:
3669:
3663:
3660:Muhammad Yunus
3657:
3651:
3645:
3639:
3633:
3627:
3621:
3615:
3609:
3603:
3597:
3591:
3585:
3579:
3573:
3567:
3561:
3555:
3549:
3543:
3537:
3531:
3525:
3519:
3513:
3507:
3501:
3495:
3489:
3483:
3477:
3471:
3465:
3459:
3453:
3447:
3441:
3435:
3429:
3423:
3417:
3411:
3405:
3399:
3393:
3387:
3381:
3375:
3369:
3363:
3357:
3351:
3345:
3339:
3336:Sulaiman Nadvi
3333:
3327:
3321:
3315:
3309:
3303:
3297:
3291:
3285:
3279:
3273:
3267:
3261:
3255:
3249:
3243:
3237:
3231:
3225:
3219:
3213:
3206:
3204:
3200:
3199:
3197:
3196:
3190:
3184:
3178:
3175:Arshadul Qadri
3172:
3166:
3160:
3154:
3148:
3142:
3136:
3130:
3124:
3118:
3112:
3106:
3100:
3097:Ziauddin Madni
3094:
3088:
3082:
3075:
3069:
3063:
3057:
3051:
3045:
3039:
3033:
3027:
3021:
3015:
3012:
3006:
3000:
2994:
2988:
2982:
2979:Muhammad Amjad
2976:
2970:
2963:
2961:
2954:
2950:
2949:
2947:
2946:
2940:
2934:
2928:
2922:
2916:
2910:
2904:
2898:
2892:
2886:
2880:
2874:
2868:
2862:
2856:
2850:
2844:
2838:
2832:
2826:
2820:
2814:
2808:
2802:
2796:
2790:
2784:
2781:Yusuf Ma Dexin
2778:
2772:
2766:
2760:
2754:
2748:
2742:
2736:
2730:
2724:
2718:
2712:
2706:
2700:
2694:
2688:
2682:
2675:
2673:
2669:
2668:
2666:
2665:
2659:
2653:
2647:
2641:
2635:
2629:
2623:
2620:Hashim Thattvi
2617:
2611:
2605:
2599:
2593:
2586:
2584:
2580:
2579:
2577:
2576:
2570:
2564:
2558:
2552:
2546:
2541:
2535:
2529:
2523:
2517:
2511:
2508:Ahmad Sirhindi
2504:
2502:
2498:
2497:
2495:
2494:
2488:
2482:
2476:
2470:
2464:
2458:
2455:Hamza Makhdoom
2452:
2446:
2440:
2434:
2428:
2422:
2416:
2410:
2404:
2398:
2391:
2389:
2385:
2384:
2382:
2381:
2375:
2369:
2363:
2357:
2351:
2345:
2339:
2332:
2330:
2326:
2325:
2323:
2322:
2316:
2310:
2307:Ibn Abi al-Izz
2304:
2298:
2292:
2286:
2280:
2274:
2268:
2262:
2255:
2253:
2249:
2248:
2246:
2245:
2239:
2233:
2227:
2221:
2215:
2209:
2202:
2200:
2196:
2195:
2193:
2192:
2186:
2180:
2174:
2168:
2162:
2156:
2153:Al-Zamakhshari
2150:
2144:
2141:Yusuf Hamadani
2138:
2132:
2125:
2123:
2119:
2118:
2116:
2115:
2110:
2104:
2098:
2092:
2086:
2080:
2074:
2067:
2065:
2061:
2060:
2058:
2057:
2051:
2045:
2039:
2033:
2026:
2024:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2016:
2010:
2004:
1998:
1992:
1986:
1979:
1977:
1973:
1972:
1970:
1969:
1963:
1957:
1951:
1948:Ibn al-Mubarak
1945:
1939:
1932:
1930:
1926:
1925:
1923:
1922:
1916:
1909:
1906:
1905:
1896:
1894:
1893:
1886:
1879:
1871:
1863:
1862:
1855:
1852:
1839:
1834:
1828:
1827:
1821:
1797:
1791:
1776:
1744:
1725:
1713:
1702:
1696:
1681:
1663:(3): 316β342.
1649:
1643:
1625:
1611:
1605:
1590:
1584:
1564:
1558:
1543:
1522:
1516:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1488:
1486:, p. 112.
1476:
1464:
1462:is propaganda.
1450:, p. 56;
1446:, p. 48;
1432:
1416:
1400:
1398:, p. 113.
1388:
1386:, p. 111.
1376:
1374:, p. 271.
1364:
1350:, p. 95;
1340:
1334:, p. 70;
1308:
1294:, p. 95;
1284:
1282:, p. 321.
1272:
1270:, p. 322.
1252:
1228:
1212:
1192:
1172:
1148:
1136:
1134:, p. 114.
1132:Northedge 2008
1124:
1122:, p. 125.
1112:
1106:, p. 48;
1092:
1072:
1066:, p. 426-461;
1058:, p. 55;
1040:
1016:
1010:, p. 52;
1000:
988:
972:
966:, p. 55;
956:
954:, p. 289.
944:
928:
916:
904:
882:
873:
843:
841:
838:
759:
756:
678:
675:
604:
601:
490:
487:
403:
400:
300:
299:
294:
290:
289:
274:
273:Known for
270:
269:
258:
254:
253:
244:
240:
239:
234:
230:
229:
224:
220:
219:
214:
210:
209:
204:
200:
199:
196:
192:
191:
184:
180:
179:
174:
170:
169:
155:
151:
147:
146:
140:
134:
132:
128:
127:
123:
122:
119:
118:
108:
107:
100:
99:
90:
84:
83:
78:
72:
71:
61:
60:
50:
49:
46:
45:
42:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5106:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5046:
5044:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5021:
5019:
5016:
5014:
5011:
5010:
5006:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4949:
4946:
4943:
4940:
4937:
4934:
4931:
4928:
4925:
4922:
4919:
4916:
4913:
4910:
4907:
4904:
4901:
4898:
4895:
4894:Faraz Rabbani
4892:
4889:
4886:
4883:
4880:
4877:
4876:Mamunul Haque
4874:
4871:
4868:
4865:
4862:
4859:
4856:
4853:
4850:
4847:
4844:
4841:
4840:Riyadh ul Haq
4838:
4835:
4832:
4829:
4826:
4823:
4820:
4817:
4814:
4811:
4808:
4805:
4802:
4799:
4796:
4793:
4790:
4787:
4784:
4781:
4778:
4775:
4772:
4769:
4768:Ibrahim Mogra
4766:
4763:
4760:
4757:
4754:
4751:
4748:
4745:
4742:
4739:
4736:
4733:
4730:
4727:
4724:
4721:
4718:
4715:
4712:
4709:
4706:
4703:
4700:
4697:
4694:
4691:
4688:
4685:
4682:
4679:
4678:Ghousavi Shah
4676:
4673:
4672:Sajjad Nomani
4670:
4667:
4664:
4661:
4658:
4655:
4652:
4649:
4646:
4643:
4640:
4637:
4634:
4631:
4628:
4625:
4622:
4619:
4616:
4613:
4610:
4607:
4604:
4601:
4598:
4595:
4592:
4589:
4586:
4583:
4580:
4577:
4576:Idrees Dahiri
4574:
4571:
4568:
4565:
4562:
4559:
4556:
4553:
4550:
4547:
4544:
4541:
4538:
4535:
4534:Arshad Madani
4532:
4529:
4526:
4523:
4520:
4517:
4514:
4511:
4508:
4505:
4502:
4499:
4496:
4493:
4490:
4487:
4484:
4481:
4478:
4475:
4472:
4469:
4466:
4463:
4460:
4457:
4454:
4453:
4451:
4447:
4441:
4438:
4435:
4432:
4429:
4426:
4423:
4420:
4417:
4414:
4411:
4408:
4405:
4404:Faizul Waheed
4402:
4399:
4396:
4393:
4390:
4387:
4384:
4381:
4380:Ebrahim Desai
4378:
4375:
4372:
4369:
4366:
4363:
4360:
4357:
4354:
4351:
4348:
4345:
4342:
4339:
4336:
4333:
4330:
4327:
4324:
4321:
4318:
4315:
4312:
4309:
4306:
4303:
4300:
4297:
4294:
4291:
4288:
4285:
4282:
4279:
4276:
4273:
4272:Khalid Mahmud
4270:
4267:
4264:
4261:
4258:
4255:
4252:
4249:
4246:
4243:
4240:
4237:
4234:
4231:
4228:
4225:
4222:
4219:
4216:
4213:
4210:
4207:
4204:
4201:
4198:
4195:
4192:
4189:
4186:
4183:
4180:
4177:
4174:
4171:
4168:
4165:
4162:
4159:
4156:
4153:
4150:
4147:
4144:
4141:
4138:
4135:
4132:
4129:
4126:
4123:
4120:
4117:
4114:
4111:
4108:
4105:
4102:
4099:
4096:
4093:
4090:
4087:
4084:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4072:
4065:
4062:
4059:
4056:
4053:
4050:
4047:
4044:
4041:
4038:
4035:
4032:
4029:
4026:
4023:
4020:
4017:
4014:
4011:
4008:
4005:
4002:
3999:
3996:
3993:
3990:
3987:
3984:
3981:
3978:
3975:
3972:
3969:
3966:
3963:
3960:
3957:
3954:
3951:
3948:
3945:
3942:
3939:
3936:
3933:
3930:
3927:
3924:
3921:
3918:
3915:
3912:
3909:
3906:
3903:
3902:Mustafa Sabri
3900:
3897:
3894:
3891:
3888:
3885:
3882:
3879:
3876:
3873:
3870:
3867:
3864:
3861:
3858:
3855:
3852:
3849:
3846:
3843:
3840:
3837:
3834:
3831:
3828:
3825:
3822:
3819:
3816:
3813:
3810:
3809:
3799:
3796:
3793:
3790:
3787:
3784:
3781:
3778:
3775:
3772:
3769:
3766:
3763:
3760:
3757:
3754:
3751:
3748:
3745:
3742:
3739:
3736:
3733:
3730:
3727:
3724:
3721:
3718:
3715:
3712:
3709:
3706:
3703:
3700:
3697:
3694:
3691:
3688:
3685:
3682:
3679:
3676:
3673:
3670:
3667:
3664:
3661:
3658:
3655:
3652:
3649:
3646:
3643:
3640:
3637:
3634:
3631:
3628:
3625:
3622:
3619:
3616:
3613:
3610:
3607:
3604:
3601:
3598:
3595:
3592:
3589:
3586:
3583:
3580:
3577:
3574:
3571:
3568:
3565:
3562:
3559:
3556:
3553:
3550:
3547:
3544:
3541:
3538:
3535:
3534:Mufti Mehmood
3532:
3529:
3526:
3523:
3522:Mehboob Rizwi
3520:
3517:
3514:
3511:
3508:
3505:
3502:
3499:
3496:
3493:
3490:
3487:
3484:
3481:
3478:
3475:
3472:
3469:
3466:
3463:
3460:
3457:
3454:
3451:
3448:
3445:
3442:
3439:
3436:
3433:
3430:
3427:
3424:
3421:
3418:
3415:
3412:
3409:
3406:
3403:
3400:
3397:
3394:
3391:
3388:
3385:
3382:
3379:
3376:
3373:
3370:
3367:
3364:
3361:
3358:
3355:
3352:
3349:
3346:
3343:
3340:
3337:
3334:
3331:
3328:
3325:
3322:
3319:
3316:
3313:
3310:
3307:
3304:
3301:
3300:Ibrahim Ujani
3298:
3295:
3292:
3289:
3286:
3283:
3280:
3277:
3274:
3271:
3268:
3265:
3262:
3259:
3256:
3253:
3250:
3247:
3244:
3241:
3238:
3235:
3232:
3229:
3226:
3223:
3220:
3217:
3214:
3211:
3208:
3207:
3205:
3201:
3194:
3191:
3188:
3185:
3182:
3179:
3176:
3173:
3170:
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3137:
3134:
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3128:
3125:
3122:
3121:Shafee Okarvi
3119:
3116:
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3110:
3107:
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3098:
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2937:Shibli Nomani
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2788:
2787:Naqi Ali Khan
2785:
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2565:
2562:
2559:
2556:
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2547:
2545:
2542:
2539:
2536:
2533:
2532:Mehmed Efendi
2530:
2527:
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2518:
2515:
2512:
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2367:
2364:
2361:
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2355:
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2349:
2346:
2343:
2340:
2337:
2336:Nur Qutb Alam
2334:
2333:
2331:
2327:
2320:
2317:
2314:
2311:
2308:
2305:
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2299:
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2219:
2216:
2213:
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2207:
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2203:
2201:
2197:
2190:
2187:
2184:
2181:
2178:
2175:
2172:
2169:
2166:
2163:
2160:
2157:
2154:
2151:
2148:
2145:
2142:
2139:
2136:
2133:
2130:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2120:
2114:
2111:
2108:
2105:
2102:
2099:
2096:
2093:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2081:
2078:
2075:
2072:
2069:
2068:
2066:
2062:
2055:
2052:
2049:
2046:
2043:
2040:
2037:
2034:
2031:
2028:
2027:
2025:
2021:
2014:
2011:
2008:
2005:
2002:
1999:
1996:
1993:
1990:
1987:
1984:
1981:
1980:
1978:
1974:
1967:
1964:
1961:
1958:
1955:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1943:
1940:
1937:
1934:
1933:
1931:
1927:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1911:
1910:
1907:
1903:
1902:Hanafi school
1899:
1892:
1887:
1885:
1880:
1878:
1873:
1872:
1869:
1858:
1849:
1848:
1844:
1837:
1831:
1824:
1822:90-04-08114-3
1818:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1792:90-04-10678-2
1788:
1784:
1783:
1777:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1754:
1750:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1732:
1731:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1709:
1703:
1699:
1697:9780903472227
1693:
1689:
1688:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1644:0-582-40525-4
1640:
1636:
1635:
1630:
1629:Kennedy, Hugh
1626:
1622:
1621:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1606:0-7007-1507-X
1602:
1598:
1597:
1591:
1587:
1585:90-04-09419-9
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1559:0-521-65023-2
1555:
1551:
1550:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1523:
1519:
1517:90-04-05745-5
1513:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1496:
1492:
1485:
1480:
1477:
1473:
1472:El-Hibri 1999
1468:
1465:
1461:
1459:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1444:El-Hibri 2001
1441:
1436:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1424:Melchert 1996
1420:
1417:
1414:, p. 56.
1413:
1409:
1404:
1401:
1397:
1392:
1389:
1385:
1384:El-Hibri 1999
1380:
1377:
1373:
1368:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1344:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1320:Melchert 1996
1317:
1312:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1296:Melchert 1996
1293:
1288:
1285:
1281:
1280:Melchert 1996
1276:
1273:
1269:
1268:Melchert 1996
1265:
1261:
1256:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1232:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1216:
1213:
1209:
1206:, p. 4;
1205:
1201:
1200:El-Hibri 1999
1196:
1193:
1189:
1186:, p. 4;
1185:
1181:
1176:
1173:
1169:
1167:
1161:
1157:
1152:
1149:
1145:
1140:
1137:
1133:
1128:
1125:
1121:
1116:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1104:El-Hibri 2001
1101:
1096:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1076:
1073:
1070:, p. 90.
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1044:
1041:
1038:, p. 65.
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1020:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1004:
1001:
997:
992:
989:
986:, p. 65.
985:
981:
976:
973:
970:, p. 62.
969:
965:
960:
957:
953:
948:
945:
941:
937:
932:
929:
925:
920:
917:
907:
901:
897:
893:
886:
883:
877:
874:
870:
859:
858:Darul Ma'arif
855:
848:
845:
839:
837:
835:
833:
827:
825:
818:
816:
809:
807:
801:
799:
795:
791:
787:
786:
781:
779:
773:
769:
767:
757:
755:
752:
750:
748:
741:
737:
735:
728:
723:
721:
716:
712:
707:
705:
703:
697:
691:
689:
688:al-Mutawakkil
685:
676:
674:
672:
668:
667:
660:
656:
654:
650:
648:
642:
640:
634:
630:
628:
622:
618:
616:
610:
602:
600:
598:
594:
590:
589:
584:
580:
576:
574:
567:
565:
563:
557:
553:
549:
545:
543:
536:
534:
528:
526:
515:
513:
506:
502:
500:
497:
486:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
459:qadi al-qudat
456:
451:
449:
445:
444:
439:
438:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
401:
399:
398:biographers.
397:
393:
389:
387:
381:
376:
374:
372:
366:
365:al-Mutawakkil
362:
358:
357:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
335:
330:
325:
319:
310:
306:
298:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
252:
248:
245:
241:
238:
235:
231:
228:
225:
223:Jurisprudence
221:
218:
215:
211:
208:
205:
201:
197:
193:
190:
185:
181:
178:
175:
171:
166:
163:(present-day
162:
158:
152:
148:
143:
133:
129:
124:
120:
114:
109:
105:
101:
98:
94:
91:
85:
82:
79:
73:
67:
62:
59:
55:
51:
47:
31:
19:
5089:Mu'tazilites
4810:Ilyas Ghuman
4734:]] (b. 1960)
4654:Sufyan Qasmi
4374:Wali Rahmani
4260:Yusuf Motala
4164:Ahmad Naruyi
4110:Azizul Haque
3732:Ismail Katki
3552:Tayyib Qasmi
3504:Yusuf Banuri
3498:Shafi Usmani
2538:KΓ’tip Γelebi
2301:Al-Taftazani
1988:
1983:Isa ibn Aban
1912:by century (
1841:
1812:
1781:
1768:. Retrieved
1756:
1752:
1728:
1720:
1707:
1686:
1660:
1656:
1633:
1619:
1595:
1575:
1548:
1530:
1526:
1507:
1479:
1467:
1455:
1435:
1419:
1403:
1391:
1379:
1367:
1343:
1311:
1287:
1275:
1260:Kennedy 2004
1255:
1231:
1215:
1195:
1180:Hurvitz 2002
1175:
1163:
1156:Hurvitz 2002
1151:
1139:
1127:
1120:Hurvitz 2002
1115:
1095:
1084:Hurvitz 2002
1075:
1064:Tillier 2009
1048:Hurvitz 2002
1043:
1024:Hurvitz 2002
1019:
1003:
996:Kennedy 2004
991:
975:
959:
947:
931:
924:Hurvitz 2002
919:
909:, retrieved
895:
885:
876:
868:
861:. Retrieved
857:
847:
829:
821:
812:
810:
802:
797:
789:
783:
776:
763:
761:
753:
744:
739:
731:
726:
724:
719:
710:
708:
699:
692:
684:regnal title
680:
664:
661:
657:
644:
636:
632:
624:
620:
612:
606:
586:
570:
568:
559:
555:
539:
530:
522:
519:
509:
492:
458:
452:
441:
435:
418:in northern
405:
402:Early career
383:
377:
368:
354:
332:
304:
303:
297:Iyad (tribe)
276:A proponent
112:
88:Succeeded by
65:
5049:770s births
4918:Harun Izhar
4636:Tariq Jamil
4606:Ilyas Qadri
4540:Taqi Usmani
4510:Madni Miyan
4442:(1960β2023)
4436:(1940β2023)
4430:(1936β2022)
4428:Rafi Usmani
4424:(1945β2022)
4412:(1925β2021)
4406:(1964β2021)
4400:(1916β2021)
4394:(1935β2021)
4388:(1943β2021)
4382:(1963β2021)
4376:(1943β2021)
4370:(1953β2021)
4364:(1944β2021)
4358:(1952β2021)
4352:(1952β2021)
4346:(1930β2021)
4340:(1926β2021)
4334:(1948β2020)
4328:(1945β2020)
4322:(1966β2020)
4316:(1957β2020)
4310:(1945β2020)
4304:(1946β2020)
4298:(1940β2020)
4292:(1930β2020)
4286:(1936β2020)
4280:(1938β2020)
4274:(1925β2020)
4268:(1965β2019)
4262:(1946β2019)
4256:(1922β2019)
4250:(1943β2018)
4244:(1926β2018)
4242:Salim Qasmi
4238:(1923β2018)
4232:(1938β2017)
4226:(1937β2017)
4220:(1921β2017)
4214:(1944β2016)
4208:(1937β2016)
4202:(1935β2016)
4196:(1927β2015)
4190:(1935β2015)
4184:(1935β2015)
4178:(1920β2015)
4166:(1963β2014)
4160:(1959β2014)
4154:(1950β2014)
4148:(1933β2013)
4142:(1954β2013)
4136:(1923β2013)
4130:(1945β2012)
4124:(1926β2012)
4118:(1929β2012)
4112:(1919β2012)
4106:(1926β2011)
4100:(1918β2010)
4094:(1945β2010)
4088:(1914β2010)
4082:(1932β2010)
4080:Israr Ahmed
4066:(1949β2009)
4060:(1932β2008)
4054:(1913β2008)
4048:(1916β2002)
4042:(1920β1997)
4036:(1904β1997)
4030:(1917β1997)
4024:(1917β1997)
4018:(1903β1996)
4012:(1916β1996)
4006:(1919β1995)
4000:(1909β1992)
3994:(1901β1991)
3988:(1915β1990)
3982:(1915β1990)
3976:(fl. 1980s)
3970:(1918β1987)
3964:(1903β1979)
3958:(1892β1977)
3952:(1893β1975)
3946:(1891β1974)
3940:(1911β1974)
3934:(1898β1974)
3928:(1889β1974)
3922:(1900β1973)
3916:(1898β1959)
3910:(1893β1954)
3908:Ghousi Shah
3904:(1869β1954)
3898:(1879β1952)
3896:Al-Kawthari
3892:(1873β1952)
3886:(1886β1951)
3880:(1876β1949)
3874:(1845β1939)
3868:(1883β1938)
3862:(1865β1937)
3856:(1859β1937)
3850:(1875β1935)
3838:(1863β1930)
3832:(1859β1927)
3826:(1838β1922)
3820:(1867β1921)
3814:(1848β1917)
3800:(1934β2008)
3794:(1927β2008)
3788:(1928β2007)
3786:Ubaidul Haq
3782:(1920β2006)
3776:(1939β2006)
3770:(1925β2006)
3764:(1935β2006)
3758:(1942β2006)
3752:(1928β2005)
3746:(1924β2005)
3740:(1920β1977)
3734:(1914β2005)
3728:(1913β1999)
3722:(1935β1998)
3716:(1914β1997)
3710:(1905β1997)
3704:(1935β1996)
3698:(1916β1996)
3692:(1907β1996)
3686:(1918β1995)
3680:(1931β1993)
3674:(1918β1993)
3668:(1912β1992)
3662:(1906β1992)
3656:(1900β1992)
3650:(1926β1991)
3644:(1913β1991)
3638:(1915β1990)
3632:(1925β1989)
3626:(1912β1988)
3620:(1897β1988)
3614:(1917β1987)
3608:(1895β1987)
3602:(1910β1987)
3596:(1900β1986)
3590:(1902β1986)
3584:(1920β1985)
3578:(1908β1985)
3572:(1901β1984)
3566:(1894β1984)
3560:(1901β1983)
3554:(1897β1983)
3548:(1898β1982)
3542:(1894β1982)
3536:(1919β1980)
3530:(1923β1979)
3524:(1911β1979)
3518:(1915β2000)
3512:(1915β1977)
3506:(1908β1977)
3500:(1897β1976)
3494:(1891β1976)
3488:(1895β1976)
3482:(1892β1976)
3476:(1887β1976)
3470:(1903β1975)
3464:(1892β1974)
3458:(1900β1974)
3452:(1889β1972)
3446:(1912β1971)
3440:(1907β1971)
3434:(1895β1971)
3428:(1895β1970)
3422:(1896β1969)
3416:(1882β1967)
3410:(1917β1965)
3404:(1900β1962)
3398:(1887β1962)
3392:(1878β1962)
3386:(1883β1961)
3384:Maqsudullah
3380:(1903β1961)
3374:(1898β1965)
3368:(1888β1959)
3362:(1879β1957)
3356:(1892β1956)
3350:(1882β1955)
3344:(1887β1949)
3338:(1884β1953)
3326:(1877β1945)
3320:(1885β1944)
3314:(1872β1944)
3308:(1865β1943)
3302:(1863β1943)
3296:(1863β1943)
3290:(1895β1942)
3284:(1880β1940)
3272:(1860β1935)
3266:(1875β1933)
3260:(1872β1931)
3254:(1862β1930)
3248:(1859β1928)
3242:(1846β1927)
3236:(1852β1927)
3230:(1862β1922)
3224:(1851β1920)
3218:(1869β1920)
3212:(died 1916)
3195:(1948β2009)
3189:(1926β2003)
3183:(1930β2002)
3177:(1925β2002)
3171:(1889β2001)
3165:(1919β2000)
3159:(1917β1998)
3153:(1918β1998)
3147:(1942β1994)
3141:(1915β1993)
3135:(1941β1993)
3129:(1913β1986)
3123:(1930β1984)
3117:(1911β1984)
3111:(1918β1983)
3105:(1906β1981)
3099:(1877β1981)
3093:(1892β1981)
3087:(1902β1975)
3081:(1914β1974)
3074:(1909β1970)
3068:(1898β1970)
3062:(1907β1965)
3056:(1903β1962)
3050:(1922β1960)
3044:(1892β1954)
3038:(1885β1954)
3032:(1875β1952)
3026:(1868β1951)
3020:(1834β1951)
3011:(1887β1948)
3005:(1882β1948)
2999:(1875β1943)
2993:(1845β1942)
2991:Qasim Sadiq
2987:(1835β1936)
2975:(1856β1921)
2969:(1856β1920)
2945:(fl. 1870s)
2939:(1857β1914)
2933:(1838β1913)
2927:(1850β1912)
2921:(1834β1912)
2915:(1859β1908)
2909:(1832β1907)
2903:(1854β1907)
2897:(1831β1907)
2891:(1826β1906)
2885:(1850β1905)
2879:(1826β1905)
2873:(1834β1899)
2867:(1817β1899)
2861:(died 1894)
2849:(1800β1891)
2843:(1818β1891)
2837:(1836β1890)
2831:(1819β1890)
2825:(1848β1886)
2819:(1832β1885)
2813:(1821β1885)
2807:(1833β1884)
2801:(1810β1880)
2795:(1832β1880)
2789:(1830β1880)
2783:(1794β1874)
2777:(1808β1868)
2771:(1801β1868)
2765:(1807β1861)
2759:(1800β1873)
2753:(1819β1862)
2747:(1796β1861)
2741:(1802β1854)
2735:(1789β1851)
2729:(1783β1846)
2723:(1781β1840)
2717:(1784β1836)
2711:(1782β1831)
2705:(1786β1831)
2693:(1746β1824)
2687:(1743β1824)
2652:(1730β1810)
2646:(1732β1790)
2640:(1699β1781)
2628:(1703β1762)
2622:(1692β1761)
2610:(1641β1731)
2598:(1643β1721)
2592:(1644β1719)
2557:(1585β1671)
2551:(1569β1659)
2540:(1609β1657)
2534:(1595β1654)
2528:(1551β1642)
2522:(1582β1635)
2516:(1570β1625)
2514:Esad Efendi
2510:(1564β1624)
2491:Ali al-Qari
2481:(1536β1599)
2475:(1521β1595)
2469:(1495β1561)
2463:(1490β1580)
2457:(1494β1576)
2451:(1490β1574)
2445:(1522β1573)
2439:(1510β1572)
2433:(1504β1570)
2427:(1500β1562)
2415:(1460β1549)
2409:(1456β1537)
2403:(1468β1536)
2397:(1445β1526)
2374:(1403β1474)
2368:(1388β1457)
2362:(1361β1451)
2350:(1377β1438)
2344:(1350β1431)
2321:(1339β1414)
2315:(1350β1410)
2309:(1331β1390)
2303:(1322β1390)
2291:(1308β1384)
2285:(1301β1384)
2279:(1258β1357)
2273:(1271β1346)
2261:(1238β1325)
2236:Abu Tawwama
2232:(1173β1266)
2226:(1143β1236)
2220:(1173β1235)
2208:(1207β1273)
2191:(1135β1197)
2155:(1074β1143)
2149:(1067β1142)
2143:(1062β1141)
2103:(1030β1100)
2095:Al-Sarakhsi
2091:(1010β1089)
2085:(1009β1072)
2083:Ali Hujwiri
1843:Chief judge
1805:Pellat, Ch.
1500:FΓΌck, J. W.
1448:Patton 1897
1412:Patton 1897
1348:Turner 2010
1316:Turner 2010
1292:Turner 2010
1264:Turner 2010
1244:Turner 2010
1224:Turner 2010
1088:Patton 1897
1068:Turner 2010
1056:Patton 1897
1008:Patton 1897
964:Patton 1897
863:23 December
483:al-Mu'tasim
347:al-Mu'tasim
339:Mu'tazilism
282:al-Mu'tasim
76:Preceded by
54:Chief Judge
5054:854 deaths
5043:Categories
4924:Amer Jamil
4744:Ruhul Amin
3648:Taqi Amini
3528:Sahvi Shah
3378:Azizul Haq
2763:Al-Maydani
2751:Dudu Miyan
2715:Ibn Abidin
2544:Jana Begum
2372:Ali Qushji
2283:Ala al-Haq
2230:Baba Farid
2089:Al-Bazdawi
2079:(969β1069)
1936:Abu Hanifa
1759:: 89β106.
1493:References
1484:Zaman 1997
1408:Zaman 1997
1396:Zaman 1997
1324:Hinds 1993
1248:al-Ya'qubi
1204:Hinds 1993
1184:Hinds 1993
1160:Hinds 1993
1080:Hinds 1993
911:2020-06-13
794:al-Mu'tazz
653:Byzantines
516:took place
4950:(b. 2001)
4944:(b. 1987)
4938:(b. 1985)
4932:(b. 1982)
4926:(b. 1977)
4920:(b. 1977)
4914:(b. 1976)
4908:(b. 1975)
4902:(b. 1974)
4896:(b. 1974)
4890:(b. 1974)
4884:(b. 1974)
4878:(b. 1973)
4872:(b. 1973)
4866:(b. 1973)
4860:(b. 1972)
4854:(b. 1972)
4848:(b. 1971)
4842:(b. 1971)
4836:(b. 1971)
4830:(b. 1970)
4824:(b. 1970)
4818:(b. 1969)
4812:(b. 1969)
4806:(b. 1969)
4800:(b. 1968)
4794:(b. 1968)
4788:(b. 1967)
4782:(b. 1967)
4776:(b. 1965)
4770:(b. 1965)
4764:(b. 1964)
4758:(b. 1963)
4752:(b. 1963)
4746:(b. 1962)
4740:(b. 1960)
4728:(b. 1959)
4722:(b. 1959)
4716:(b. 1957)
4710:(b. 1957)
4704:(b. 1957)
4698:(b. 1956)
4692:(b. 1955)
4686:(b. 1955)
4680:(b. 1955)
4674:(b. 1955)
4668:(b. 1955)
4662:(b. 1954)
4656:(b. 1954)
4650:(b. 1953)
4644:(b. 1953)
4638:(b. 1953)
4632:(b. 1953)
4626:(b. 1951)
4620:(b. 1951)
4614:(b. 1951)
4608:(b. 1950)
4602:(b. 1950)
4596:(b. 1950)
4590:(b. 1950)
4584:(b. 1947)
4578:(b. 1947)
4572:(b. 1947)
4566:(b. 1946)
4560:(b. 1946)
4554:(b. 1945)
4548:(b. 1945)
4542:(b. 1943)
4536:(b. 1941)
4530:(b. 1941)
4528:Zia Uddin
4524:(b. 1939)
4518:(b. 1938)
4512:(b. 1938)
4506:(b. 1938)
4500:(b. 1936)
4494:(b. 1935)
4488:(b. 1935)
4482:(b. 1935)
4476:(b. 1935)
4470:(b. 1933)
4464:(b. 1923)
4458:(b. 1916)
4418:(d. 2022)
4314:Adil Khan
4172:(d. 2015)
4074:15th/21st
3844:(d. 1932)
3332:(d. 1948)
3278:(d. 1935)
2981:(d. 1927)
2953:14th/20th
2855:(d. 1894)
2699:(d. 1831)
2681:(d. 1821)
2672:13th/19th
2664:(d. 1813)
2662:Majduddin
2658:(d. 1803)
2634:(d. 1785)
2616:(d. 1756)
2604:(d. 1722)
2583:12th/18th
2575:(d. 1713)
2569:(d. 1689)
2563:(d. 1679)
2501:11th/17th
2493:(d. 1606)
2487:(d. 1600)
2421:(d. 1460)
2401:Ibn Kemal
2388:10th/16th
2380:(b. 1407)
2378:Khidr Bey
2356:(d. 1449)
2338:(d. 1416)
2297:(d. 1384)
2267:(d. 1342)
2244:(d. 1310)
2238:(d. 1300)
2214:(d. 1228)
2185:(d. 1197)
2179:(d. 1191)
2177:Al-Kasani
2173:(d. 1185)
2167:(d. 1184)
2161:(d. 1180)
2137:(d. 1141)
2131:(d. 1139)
2109:(d. 1115)
2097:(d. 1090)
2073:(d. 1044)
2056:(944β983)
2050:(917β981)
2048:Al-Jassas
2038:(853β944)
2032:(843β933)
2030:Al-Tahawi
2007:Al-αΈͺaαΉ£αΉ£Δf
1991:(777β854)
1962:(774β807)
1956:(749β805)
1950:(726β797)
1944:(738β798)
1942:Abu Yusuf
1770:March 29,
1568:Hinds, M.
1533:: 41β60.
952:FΓΌck 1997
609:al-Wathiq
597:al-Afshin
463:al-Ma'mun
426:tribe of
416:Qinnasrin
380:Barmakids
351:al-Wathiq
318:romanized
293:Relations
286:al-Wathiq
278:MuΚΏtazila
266:MuΚΏtazila
237:MuΚΏtazila
113:In office
66:In office
4004:Ayub Ali
3203:Deobandi
2329:9th/15th
2252:8th/14th
2199:7th/13th
2122:6th/12th
2064:5th/11th
2044:(b. 874)
2023:4th/10th
2015:(d. 882)
2009:(d. 874)
2003:(d. 869)
1997:(d. 857)
1985:(d. 836)
1968:(d. 812)
1860:(Acting)
1851:833β848
1807:(1960).
1631:(2004).
1617:(1871).
1570:(1993).
1539:25802930
1502:(1997).
806:al-Jahiz
751:period.
715:Muhammad
583:Khurasan
432:Damascus
424:Adnanite
406:Born in
361:Muhammad
183:Children
173:Religion
153:June 854
138:c. 776/7
126:Personal
43:Al-Iyadi
5023:Shafi'i
5013:Hanbali
2960:Barelvi
1976:3rd/9th
1929:2nd/8th
1900:of the
1845:of the
1677:3399413
1572:"Mihna"
778:kafirun
727:mazalim
666:mazalim
593:Samarra
588:dirhams
552:Hanbali
467:Baghdad
329:Islamic
320::
117:833β847
104:Abbasid
70:833β848
56:of the
5028:Zahiri
5018:Maliki
4449:Living
1819:
1789:
1753:Oriens
1738:
1694:
1675:
1641:
1603:
1582:
1556:
1537:
1514:
1504:"Iyad"
1458:mihnah
1166:mihnah
902:
832:mihnah
824:mihnah
815:mihnah
766:mihnah
747:mihnah
734:mihnah
702:mihnah
647:mihnah
639:mihnah
627:mihnah
615:mihnah
573:mihnah
562:mihnah
542:mihnah
533:mihnah
525:mihnah
512:mihnah
496:vizier
386:mihnah
371:mihnah
356:mihnah
309:Arabic
262:Mihnah
227:Hanafi
213:Region
195:Parent
1673:JSTOR
1535:JSTOR
840:Notes
790:kalam
772:Sunni
696:Itakh
471:Alids
443:kalam
420:Syria
408:Basra
396:Sunni
233:Creed
177:Islam
157:Basra
142:Basra
95:then
2206:Rumi
1817:ISBN
1787:ISBN
1772:2016
1736:ISBN
1692:ISBN
1639:ISBN
1601:ISBN
1580:ISBN
1554:ISBN
1512:ISBN
900:ISBN
865:2020
820:the
798:qadi
785:'ilm
740:qadi
720:qadi
711:qadi
633:qadi
621:qadi
556:qadi
475:imam
437:fiqh
428:Iyad
412:Arab
349:and
334:qadi
284:and
165:Iraq
150:Died
131:Born
1761:doi
1665:doi
686:of
203:Era
5045::
1919:CE
1914:AH
1811:.
1803:;
1757:38
1755:.
1751:.
1671:.
1659:.
1574:.
1531:19
1529:.
1506:.
894:,
867:.
856:.
770:.
599:.
375:.
315:,
311::
249:,
159:,
3077:β
1921:)
1890:e
1883:t
1876:v
1825:.
1795:.
1774:.
1763::
1742:.
1700:.
1679:.
1667::
1661:3
1647:.
1609:.
1588:.
1562:.
1541:.
1520:.
663:(
307:(
288:.
167:)
20:)
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