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38:
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The statesman whom the Turks like best is Achmet Vefyk
Effendi. Although a Greek by descent, he is a more orthodox Moslem than Fuad or Aali, and is the head of the reforming party, whose object is to bring about reform for the purpose of re-establishing the Turkish empire on the basis on which it
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tax. Under some agreements, European officials had started to extend their extraterritorial privileges to "proteges" - Ottoman
Christians of Maltese and Ionian origins. Concerned with the massive revenue loss from unpaid
2106:
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Ahmed Vefik Pasa (1823-91), the grandson of a Greek convert to Islam and the holder of several of the highest positions, was one of those interested in
Ottoman studies.
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Ahmad Vefik Pasha) (grandson of a Greek convert) published influential works : Les Turcs
Anciens et Modernes ( 1 1 69) and Lahja-i-Osmani, respectively
2838:
626:
544:
In 1876 Ahmed Vefik Pasha, the grandson of a Greek convert to Islam, and a keen student of
Turkish customs, published the first Turkish-Ottoman dictionary
2848:
1660:
516:
Ahmad Vefik Pasha (grandson of a Greek convert) published influential works : Les Tuns
Anciens et Modernes (1169) and Lahja-i-Osmani, respectively
832:
710:
2853:
994:
348:
Ahmed Vefik Paşa
Ottoman statesman and scholar born July 6, 1823, Constantinople died April 2, 1891, Constantinople. Ottoman statesman and scholar
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1624:
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856:
220:
1144:
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303:, where around two thirds of the tax had become uncollectable, Ahmed Vefik was chosen to assess over 1,500 claims of British protection.
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211:) (3 July 1823 – 2 April 1891) was an Ottoman statesman, diplomat, scholar, playwright, and translator during the
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1936:
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two times. He built a theatre in Bursa when he was made the governor of the city. In 1860, he became the
Ottoman ambassador to
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for two brief periods. He also established the first
Ottoman theatre and initiated the first Western style theatre plays in
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periods. He was commissioned with top-rank governmental duties, including presiding over the first
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Fuad Pasha — unlike Ahmed Vefyk, who had Greek blood in his veins — was a pure Turk by descent.
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235:'s major works. His portrait was depicted on the Turkish postcard stamp dated 1966.
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In 1844 Ahmed Vefik was appointed to review claims of special exemptions from the
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314:. He wrote the first Turkish dictionary and is considered to be among the first
268:
232:
432:
632:
This contains a more detailed biography, although comparison with the newer
630:. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 432–433.
502:
Pickthall, Marmaduke
William; Islamic Culture Board; Asad, Muhammad (1975).
485:
511:
601:
459:
37:
476:
Austen Henry Layard; William Napier Bruce; Sir Arthur John Otway (1903).
212:
160:
588:. Minneapolis, United States: University of Minnesota Press. p. 62.
383:
381:
306:
Ahmed Vefik became the Minister of Education of the Ottoman Empire and
244:
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entry suggests the information about his early life is in error.
2095:
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Ahmed Vefik Pasha was the grandson of a Greek convert to Islam.
16:
Ottoman statesman, diplomat, scholar and playwright (1823–1891)
438:
stood in its palmy day, rather than adopt European customs.
586:
Ottoman Izmir: The Rise of a Cosmopolitan Port, 1840-1880
247:
extraction, his ancestors having previously converted to
267:
in what is now northwestern Republic of Greece (see
2834:
Ottoman people of the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)
184:
170:
154:
149:
133:
121:
111:
88:
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66:
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689:1 December 1882 – 3 December 1882
2819:19th-century Grand Viziers of the Ottoman Empire
2804:People from the Ottoman Empire of Greek descent
662:4 February 1878 – 18 April 1878
425:Vacation tourists and notes of travel in 1860
2107:
1690:
1469:Civankapıcıbaşı Sultanzade Semiz Mehmed Pasha
1120:
898:
772:
718:
506:. Islamic Culture Board - Hyderabad, Deccan.
399:. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. p. 29.
8:
2809:19th-century writers from the Ottoman Empire
1979:Yağlıkçızade Nişancı Hacı Mehmed Emin Pasha
560:. Anmol Publications PVT. LTD. p. 97.
2114:
2100:
2092:
1697:
1683:
1675:
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1113:
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883:
779:
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107:1 December 1882 – 3 December 1882
36:
20:
2814:Ambassadors of the Ottoman Empire to Iran
279:with his family, where he graduated from
530:The end of the Ottoman Empire, 1908-1923
62:4 February 1878 – 18 April 1878
863:Osmancıklı Koca Mehmed Nizamüddin Pasha
558:Encyclopaedic survey of Islamic culture
397:The development of secularism in Turkey
326:
271:). He started his education in 1831 in
2033:Silahdar Karavezir Seyyid Mehmed Pasha
334:
332:
330:
2132:Decline and Modernization (1789–1922)
7:
1739:Sührablı Kavanoz Nişancı Ahmed Pasha
208:
1661:Köprülü Amcazade Hacı Hüseyin Pasha
833:Çandarlı Kara Halil Hayreddin Pasha
361:"Osmanlı Divan-ı Muhasebat Reisler"
995:Çandarlı Ibrahim Pasha the Younger
685:Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire
658:Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire
478:Sir A. Henry Layard, G.C.B., D.C.L
50:Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire
14:
2849:Novelists from the Ottoman Empire
2021:Darendeli Cebecizade Mehmed Pasha
815:Mahmudoğlu Nizamüddin Ahmed Pasha
809:Hacıkemaleddinoğlu Alaeddin Pasha
366:(in Turkish). Sayistay. p. 3
2078:
1937:Yirmisekizzade Mehmed Said Pasha
1529:Bıyıklı Koca Derviş Mehmed Pasha
869:Çandarlı Halil Pasha the Younger
857:Çandarlı Ibrahim Pasha the Elder
746:
733:
600:
452:The Middle East: temple of Janus
2839:Burials at Aşiyan Asri Cemetery
2168:Safranbolulu Izzet Mehmet Pasha
1643:Bozoklu (Bıyıklı) Mustafa Pasha
1637:Merzifonlu Çalık Hacı Ali Pasha
845:Osmancıklı Imamzade Halil Pasha
1817:Nevşehirli Damat Ibrahim Pasha
1619:Tekirdağlı Bekri Mustafa Pasha
243:Ahmed Vefik Pasha was born of
180:Constantinople, Ottoman Empire
1:
2824:Turks from the Ottoman Empire
1631:Bahadırzade Arabacı Ali Pasha
1589:Merzifonlu Kara Mustafa Pasha
1313:Sokolluzade Lala Mehmed Pasha
2150:Çelebizade Şerif Hasan Pasha
1853:Silahdar Seyyid Mehmed Pasha
1595:Bayburtlu Kara Ibrahim Pasha
1271:Cigalazade Yusuf Sinan Pasha
827:Sinanüddin Fakih Yusuf Pasha
2492:Şirvanlı Mehmed Rüşdi Pasha
1823:Silahdar Damat Mehmet Pasha
1811:Tevkii Nişancı Mehmed Pasha
1751:Kalaylıkoz Hacı Ahmed Pasha
1625:Köprülü Fazıl Mustafa Pasha
423:Sir Francis Galton (1864).
223:in 1877. He also served as
2870:
2854:French–Turkish translators
2594:Abdurrahman Nureddin Pasha
2426:Kıbrıslı Mehmed Emin Pasha
2414:Kıbrıslı Mehmed Emin Pasha
2372:Kıbrıslı Mehmed Emin Pasha
2069:Kethüda Meyyit Hasan Pasha
2015:Moralı Derviş Mehmed Pasha
1973:Silahdar Hamza Mahir Pasha
1931:Silahdar Bıyıklı Ali Pasha
1907:Divitdar Mehmed Emin Pasha
1415:Filibeli Hafız Ahmed Pasha
1319:Boşnak Derviş Mehmed Pasha
1145:Transformation (1550–1700)
454:. Doubleday. p. 189.
2210:Kör Yusuf Ziyaüddin Pasha
2174:Kör Yusuf Ziyaüddin Pasha
2139:
2091:
2076:
2057:Hazinedar Şahin Ali Pasha
1895:Tiryaki Hacı Mehmed Pasha
1859:Muhsinzade Abdullah Pasha
1722:
1674:
1583:Köprülü Fazıl Ahmed Pasha
1152:
1104:
930:
923:Classical Age (1453–1550)
882:
804:
756:
691:
682:
674:
664:
655:
647:
642:
480:. J. Murray. p. 93.
427:. Macmillan. p. 91.
194:
145:
100:
55:
44:
35:
2844:Lycée Saint-Louis alumni
2312:Topal Izzet Mehmed Pasha
2300:Koca Hüsrev Mehmed Pasha
2282:Topal Izzet Mehmed Pasha
1961:Köse Bahir Mustafa Pasha
1955:Tevkii Hamza Hamid Pasha
1943:Köse Bahir Mustafa Pasha
1913:Köse Bahir Mustafa Pasha
1799:Silahdar Damat Ali Pasha
1571:Boynuyaralı Mehmed Pasha
1445:Tabanıyassı Mehmed Pasha
1391:Gürcü Hadım Mehmed Pasha
450:Desmond Stewart (1971).
217:First Constitutional Era
2702:Gazi Ahmed Muhtar Pasha
2270:Mehmed Said Galip Pasha
2144:Hassan Pasha of Algiers
2045:Yeğen Hacı Mehmed Pasha
2003:Muhsinzade Mehmed Pasha
1967:Muhsinzade Mehmed Pasha
1829:Kabakulak Ibrahim Pasha
1427:Gazi Ekrem Hüsrev Pasha
1403:Kemankeş Kara Ali Pasha
1205:Özdemiroğlu Osman Pasha
1187:Lala Kara Mustafa Pasha
1037:Dukakinzade Ahmed Pasha
634:Encyclopædia Britannica
627:Encyclopædia Britannica
614:Edgar Whitaker (1911).
532:. Longman. p. 85.
2360:Damat Mehmed Ali Pasha
2342:Mehmed Emin Rauf Pasha
2318:Mehmed Emin Rauf Pasha
2306:Mehmed Emin Rauf Pasha
2294:Mehmed Emin Rauf Pasha
2228:Mehmed Emin Rauf Pasha
1793:Kel Hoca Ibrahim Pasha
1787:Nişancı Süleyman Pasha
1727:Daltaban Mustafa Pasha
1715:Old Regime (1700–1789)
1607:Abaza Siyavuş Pasha II
1559:Zurnazen Mustafa Pasha
1463:Kemankeş Mustafa Pasha
1235:Kanijeli Siyavuş Pasha
1217:Kanijeli Siyavuş Pasha
1199:Kanijeli Siyavuş Pasha
1043:Hersekzade Ahmed Pasha
1019:Hersekzade Ahmed Pasha
989:Hersekzade Ahmed Pasha
851:Amasyalı Bayezid Pasha
839:Çandarlızade Ali Pasha
556:Mohamed Taher (1997).
528:Macfie, A. L. (1998).
2462:Mehmed Emin Âli Pasha
2432:Mehmed Emin Âli Pasha
2408:Mehmed Emin Âli Pasha
2384:Mehmed Emin Âli Pasha
2354:Mehmed Emin Âli Pasha
2204:Çavuşbaşı Memiş Pasha
2198:Alemdar Mustafa Pasha
1997:Silahdar Mehmed Pasha
1901:Seyyid Abdullah Pasha
1565:Abaza Siyavuş Pasha I
1547:Ermeni Süleyman Pasha
1511:Abaza Siyavuş Pasha I
1487:Hezarpare Ahmed Pasha
1475:Nevesinli Salih Pasha
1385:Lefkeli Mustafa Pasha
1067:Pargalı Ibrahim Pasha
971:Karamani Mehmed Pasha
609:at Wikimedia Commons
2714:Mahmud Shevket Pasha
2234:Dervish Mehmed Pasha
2216:Laz Aziz Ahmed Pasha
2192:Çelebi Mustafa Pasha
2027:Kalafat Mehmed Pasha
1991:Ivazzade Halil Pasha
1985:Moldovancı Ali Pasha
1925:Naili Abdullah Pasha
1775:Baltaji Mehmet Pasha
1757:Baltaji Mehmet Pasha
1577:Köprülü Mehmed Pasha
1541:Kara Dev Murad Pasha
1523:Tarhoncu Ahmed Pasha
1361:Ohrili Hüseyin Pasha
1175:Sokollu Mehmed Pasha
1085:Hadım Suleiman Pasha
584:Zandi-Sayek, Sibel.
2690:Ibrahim Hakki Pasha
2684:Hüseyin Hilmi Pasha
2672:Hüseyin Hilmi Pasha
2552:Mehmed Rushdi Pasha
2528:Ibrahim Edhem Pasha
2516:Mehmed Rushdi Pasha
2480:Mehmed Rushdi Pasha
2456:Mehmed Rushdi Pasha
2420:Mehmed Rushdi Pasha
2402:Mustafa Reşid Pasha
2396:Mustafa Naili Pasha
2390:Mustafa Reşid Pasha
2378:Mustafa Reşid Pasha
2366:Mustafa Naili Pasha
2348:Mustafa Reşid Pasha
2336:Mustafa Reşid Pasha
2330:Ibrahim Sarim Pasha
2324:Mustafa Reşid Pasha
2258:Deli Abdullah Pasha
2186:Ibrahim Hilmi Pasha
1919:Hekimoğlu Ali Pasha
1883:Hekimoğlu Ali Pasha
1877:Nişancı Ahmed Pasha
1841:Hekimoğlu Ali Pasha
1769:Köprülü Numan Pasha
1613:Ayaşlı Ismail Pasha
1601:Sarı Süleyman Pasha
1535:Ibşir Mustafa Pasha
1457:Tayyar Mehmed Pasha
1409:Çerkes Mehmed Pasha
1301:Yemişçi Hasan Pasha
1295:Damat Ibrahim Pasha
1289:Cerrah Mehmed Pasha
1277:Damat Ibrahim Pasha
1265:Damat Ibrahim Pasha
1247:Serdar Ferhad Pasha
1229:Serdar Ferhad Pasha
617:"Ahmed Vefik"
281:Saint Louis College
2768:Ahmet Tevfik Pasha
2756:Salih Hulusi Pasha
2738:Ahmet Tevfik Pasha
2726:Mehmed Talat Pasha
2678:Ahmet Tevfik Pasha
2654:Mehmed Ferid Pasha
2546:Mehmed Sadık Pasha
2510:Mahmud Nedim Pasha
2498:Hüseyin Avni Pasha
2468:Mahmud Nedim Pasha
2288:Reşid Mehmed Pasha
2276:Mehmed Selim Pasha
2264:Silahdar Ali Pasha
2246:Benderli Ali Pasha
2180:Hafiz Ismail Pasha
2162:Melek Mehmed Pasha
2039:Izzet Mehmed Pasha
2009:Izzet Mehmed Pasha
1889:Seyyid Hasan Pasha
1865:Yeğen Mehmed Pasha
1847:Gürcü Ismail Pasha
1655:Elmas Mehmed Pasha
1553:Gazi Hüseyin Pasha
1517:Gürcü Mehmed Pasha
1397:Mere Hüseyin Pasha
1379:Mere Hüseyin Pasha
1325:Kuyucu Murad Pasha
1031:Koca Mustafa Pasha
668:Mehmed Sadık Pasha
643:Political offices
340:"Ahmed Vefik Paşa"
275:and later went to
265:Southern Macedonia
255:particularly from
251:, like many other
221:Ottoman Parliament
128:Mehmed Sadık Pasha
95:Mehmed Sadık Pasha
2781:
2780:
2777:
2776:
2762:Damat Ferid Pasha
2744:Damat Ferid Pasha
2732:Ahmed Izzet Pasha
2696:Mehmed Said Pasha
2660:Mehmed Said Pasha
2648:Mehmed Said Pasha
2642:Halil Rifat Pasha
2630:Mehmed Said Pasha
2624:Ahmed Cevad Pasha
2612:Mehmed Said Pasha
2606:Ahmed Vefik Pasha
2600:Mehmed Said Pasha
2588:Mehmed Said Pasha
2576:Mehmed Said Pasha
2570:Ahmed Arifi Pasha
2540:Ahmed Vefik Pasha
2534:Ahmed Hamdi Pasha
2450:Mehmed Fuad Pasha
2444:Yusuf Kamil Pasha
2438:Mehmed Fuad Pasha
2087:
2086:
2051:Halil Hamid Pasha
1871:Ivaz Mehmed Pasha
1835:Topal Osman Pasha
1763:Çorlulu Ali Pasha
1745:Damat Hasan Pasha
1733:Rami Mehmed Pasha
1670:
1669:
1649:Sürmeli Ali Pasha
1505:Melek Ahmed Pasha
1493:Sofu Mehmed Pasha
1439:Topal Recep Pasha
1433:Hafiz Ahmed Pasha
1421:Damat Halil Pasha
1355:Güzelce Ali Pasha
1349:Öküz Mehmed Pasha
1343:Damat Halil Pasha
1337:Öküz Mehmed Pasha
1283:Hadım Hasan Pasha
1253:Lala Mehmed Pasha
1211:Hadim Mesih Pasha
1181:Semiz Ahmed Pasha
1100:
1099:
1073:Ayas Mehmed Pasha
1061:Piri Mehmed Pasha
1049:Hadım Sinan Pasha
965:Gedik Ahmed Pasha
959:Veli Mahmud Pasha
941:Veli Mahmud Pasha
878:
877:
701:
700:
695:Mehmed Said Pasha
692:Succeeded by
678:Mehmed Said Pasha
665:Succeeded by
651:Ahmed Hamdi Pasha
607:Ahmed Vefik Pasha
605:Media related to
201:Ahmed Vefik Pasha
198:
197:
140:Mehmed Said Pasha
83:Ahmed Hamdi Pasha
2861:
2720:Said Halim Pasha
2504:Ahmed Esad Pasha
2486:Ahmed Esad Pasha
2252:Hacı Salih Pasha
2240:Seyyid Ali Pasha
2156:Koca Yusuf Pasha
2116:
2109:
2102:
2093:
2082:
2063:Koca Yusuf Pasha
1949:Koca Ragıp Pasha
1805:Hacı Halil Pasha
1699:
1692:
1685:
1676:
1499:Kara Murat Pasha
1373:Kara Davud Pasha
1259:Koca Sinan Pasha
1241:Koca Sinan Pasha
1223:Koca Sinan Pasha
1193:Koca Sinan Pasha
1157:Kara Ahmed Pasha
1129:
1122:
1115:
1106:
983:Koca Davud Pasha
947:Rum Mehmed Pasha
907:
900:
893:
884:
797:Rise (1299–1453)
781:
774:
767:
758:
751:
750:
737:
727:
720:
713:
704:
675:Preceded by
648:Preceded by
640:
631:
619:
604:
590:
589:
581:
575:
574:
553:
547:
546:
525:
519:
518:
499:
493:
492:
473:
467:
466:
447:
441:
440:
420:
414:
413:
385:
376:
375:
373:
371:
365:
357:
351:
350:
336:
210:
177:
150:Personal details
136:
124:
105:
91:
79:
60:
40:
21:
2869:
2868:
2864:
2863:
2862:
2860:
2859:
2858:
2784:
2783:
2782:
2773:
2564:Hayreddin Pasha
2135:
2120:
2083:
2074:
1781:Ağa Yusuf Pasha
1718:
1703:
1666:
1481:Kara Musa Pasha
1307:Yavuz Ali Pasha
1169:Semiz Ali Pasha
1148:
1133:
1096:
1025:Hadim Ali Pasha
1013:Hadim Ali Pasha
926:
911:
874:
800:
785:
752:
745:
731:
697:
688:
680:
670:
661:
653:
613:
598:
596:Further reading
593:
583:
582:
578:
568:
555:
554:
550:
540:
527:
526:
522:
504:Islamic culture
501:
500:
496:
475:
474:
470:
449:
448:
444:
422:
421:
417:
407:
387:
386:
379:
369:
367:
363:
359:
358:
354:
338:
337:
328:
324:
241:
231:and translated
205:Ottoman Turkish
179:
175:
159:
134:
122:
106:
101:
89:
77:
61:
56:
31:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2867:
2865:
2857:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2786:
2785:
2779:
2778:
2775:
2774:
2772:
2771:
2765:
2759:
2753:
2750:Ali Rıza Pasha
2747:
2741:
2735:
2729:
2723:
2717:
2711:
2705:
2699:
2693:
2687:
2681:
2675:
2669:
2663:
2657:
2651:
2645:
2639:
2633:
2627:
2621:
2615:
2609:
2603:
2597:
2591:
2585:
2579:
2573:
2567:
2561:
2555:
2549:
2543:
2537:
2531:
2525:
2519:
2513:
2507:
2501:
2495:
2489:
2483:
2477:
2471:
2465:
2459:
2453:
2447:
2441:
2435:
2429:
2423:
2417:
2411:
2405:
2399:
2393:
2387:
2381:
2375:
2369:
2363:
2357:
2351:
2345:
2339:
2333:
2327:
2321:
2315:
2309:
2303:
2297:
2291:
2285:
2279:
2273:
2267:
2261:
2255:
2249:
2243:
2237:
2231:
2225:
2219:
2213:
2207:
2201:
2195:
2189:
2183:
2177:
2171:
2165:
2159:
2153:
2147:
2140:
2137:
2136:
2127:Ottoman Empire
2121:
2119:
2118:
2111:
2104:
2096:
2089:
2088:
2085:
2084:
2077:
2075:
2073:
2072:
2066:
2060:
2054:
2048:
2042:
2036:
2030:
2024:
2018:
2012:
2006:
2000:
1994:
1988:
1982:
1976:
1970:
1964:
1958:
1952:
1946:
1940:
1934:
1928:
1922:
1916:
1910:
1904:
1898:
1892:
1886:
1880:
1874:
1868:
1862:
1856:
1850:
1844:
1838:
1832:
1826:
1820:
1814:
1808:
1802:
1796:
1790:
1784:
1778:
1772:
1766:
1760:
1754:
1748:
1742:
1736:
1730:
1723:
1720:
1719:
1710:Ottoman Empire
1704:
1702:
1701:
1694:
1687:
1679:
1672:
1671:
1668:
1667:
1665:
1664:
1658:
1652:
1646:
1640:
1634:
1628:
1622:
1616:
1610:
1604:
1598:
1592:
1586:
1580:
1574:
1568:
1562:
1556:
1550:
1544:
1538:
1532:
1526:
1520:
1514:
1508:
1502:
1496:
1490:
1484:
1478:
1472:
1466:
1460:
1454:
1448:
1442:
1436:
1430:
1424:
1418:
1412:
1406:
1400:
1394:
1388:
1382:
1376:
1370:
1364:
1358:
1352:
1346:
1340:
1334:
1328:
1322:
1316:
1310:
1304:
1298:
1292:
1286:
1280:
1274:
1268:
1262:
1256:
1250:
1244:
1238:
1232:
1226:
1220:
1214:
1208:
1202:
1196:
1190:
1184:
1178:
1172:
1166:
1160:
1153:
1150:
1149:
1140:Ottoman Empire
1134:
1132:
1131:
1124:
1117:
1109:
1102:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1095:
1094:
1088:
1082:
1076:
1070:
1064:
1058:
1052:
1046:
1040:
1034:
1028:
1022:
1016:
1010:
1004:
998:
992:
986:
980:
974:
968:
962:
956:
950:
944:
938:
931:
928:
927:
918:Ottoman Empire
912:
910:
909:
902:
895:
887:
880:
879:
876:
875:
873:
872:
866:
860:
854:
848:
842:
836:
830:
824:
818:
812:
805:
802:
801:
792:Ottoman Empire
786:
784:
783:
776:
769:
761:
754:
753:
743:Ottoman Empire
732:
730:
729:
722:
715:
707:
699:
698:
693:
690:
681:
676:
672:
671:
666:
663:
654:
649:
645:
644:
638:
637:
622:Chisholm, Hugh
597:
594:
592:
591:
576:
566:
548:
538:
520:
494:
468:
442:
415:
405:
377:
352:
325:
323:
320:
301:İzmir Province
273:Constantinople
240:
237:
209:احمد وفیق پاشا
196:
195:
192:
191:
186:
182:
181:
178:(aged 67)
172:
168:
167:
165:Ottoman Empire
161:Constantinople
156:
152:
151:
147:
146:
143:
142:
137:
131:
130:
125:
119:
118:
116:Abdul Hamid II
113:
109:
108:
98:
97:
92:
86:
85:
80:
74:
73:
71:Abdul Hamid II
68:
64:
63:
53:
52:
46:
45:
42:
41:
33:
32:
27:
24:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2866:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2829:Greek Muslims
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2791:
2789:
2769:
2766:
2763:
2760:
2757:
2754:
2751:
2748:
2745:
2742:
2739:
2736:
2733:
2730:
2727:
2724:
2721:
2718:
2715:
2712:
2709:
2706:
2703:
2700:
2697:
2694:
2691:
2688:
2685:
2682:
2679:
2676:
2673:
2670:
2667:
2664:
2661:
2658:
2655:
2652:
2649:
2646:
2643:
2640:
2637:
2634:
2631:
2628:
2625:
2622:
2619:
2616:
2613:
2610:
2607:
2604:
2601:
2598:
2595:
2592:
2589:
2586:
2583:
2580:
2577:
2574:
2571:
2568:
2565:
2562:
2559:
2556:
2553:
2550:
2547:
2544:
2541:
2538:
2535:
2532:
2529:
2526:
2523:
2520:
2517:
2514:
2511:
2508:
2505:
2502:
2499:
2496:
2493:
2490:
2487:
2484:
2481:
2478:
2475:
2472:
2469:
2466:
2463:
2460:
2457:
2454:
2451:
2448:
2445:
2442:
2439:
2436:
2433:
2430:
2427:
2424:
2421:
2418:
2415:
2412:
2409:
2406:
2403:
2400:
2397:
2394:
2391:
2388:
2385:
2382:
2379:
2376:
2373:
2370:
2367:
2364:
2361:
2358:
2355:
2352:
2349:
2346:
2343:
2340:
2337:
2334:
2331:
2328:
2325:
2322:
2319:
2316:
2313:
2310:
2307:
2304:
2301:
2298:
2295:
2292:
2289:
2286:
2283:
2280:
2277:
2274:
2271:
2268:
2265:
2262:
2259:
2256:
2253:
2250:
2247:
2244:
2241:
2238:
2235:
2232:
2229:
2226:
2223:
2222:Hurshid Pasha
2220:
2217:
2214:
2211:
2208:
2205:
2202:
2199:
2196:
2193:
2190:
2187:
2184:
2181:
2178:
2175:
2172:
2169:
2166:
2163:
2160:
2157:
2154:
2151:
2148:
2145:
2142:
2141:
2138:
2134:
2133:
2128:
2124:
2123:Grand Viziers
2117:
2112:
2110:
2105:
2103:
2098:
2097:
2094:
2090:
2081:
2070:
2067:
2064:
2061:
2058:
2055:
2052:
2049:
2046:
2043:
2040:
2037:
2034:
2031:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2013:
2010:
2007:
2004:
2001:
1998:
1995:
1992:
1989:
1986:
1983:
1980:
1977:
1974:
1971:
1968:
1965:
1962:
1959:
1956:
1953:
1950:
1947:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1932:
1929:
1926:
1923:
1920:
1917:
1914:
1911:
1908:
1905:
1902:
1899:
1896:
1893:
1890:
1887:
1884:
1881:
1878:
1875:
1872:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1860:
1857:
1854:
1851:
1848:
1845:
1842:
1839:
1836:
1833:
1830:
1827:
1824:
1821:
1818:
1815:
1812:
1809:
1806:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1794:
1791:
1788:
1785:
1782:
1779:
1776:
1773:
1770:
1767:
1764:
1761:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1734:
1731:
1728:
1725:
1724:
1721:
1717:
1716:
1711:
1707:
1706:Grand Viziers
1700:
1695:
1693:
1688:
1686:
1681:
1680:
1677:
1673:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1647:
1644:
1641:
1638:
1635:
1632:
1629:
1626:
1623:
1620:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1599:
1596:
1593:
1590:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1545:
1542:
1539:
1536:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1524:
1521:
1518:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1488:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1464:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1452:
1449:
1446:
1443:
1440:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1419:
1416:
1413:
1410:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1395:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1371:
1368:
1367:Dilaver Pasha
1365:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1329:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1314:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1248:
1245:
1242:
1239:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1176:
1173:
1170:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1154:
1151:
1147:
1146:
1141:
1137:
1136:Grand Viziers
1130:
1125:
1123:
1118:
1116:
1111:
1110:
1107:
1103:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1002:
999:
996:
993:
990:
987:
984:
981:
978:
975:
972:
969:
966:
963:
960:
957:
954:
951:
948:
945:
942:
939:
936:
933:
932:
929:
925:
924:
919:
915:
914:Grand Viziers
908:
903:
901:
896:
894:
889:
888:
885:
881:
870:
867:
864:
861:
858:
855:
852:
849:
846:
843:
840:
837:
834:
831:
828:
825:
822:
819:
816:
813:
810:
807:
806:
803:
799:
798:
793:
789:
788:Grand Viziers
782:
777:
775:
770:
768:
763:
762:
759:
755:
749:
744:
740:
739:Grand Viziers
736:
728:
723:
721:
716:
714:
709:
708:
705:
696:
687:
686:
679:
673:
669:
660:
659:
652:
646:
641:
635:
629:
628:
623:
618:
612:
611:
610:
608:
603:
595:
587:
580:
577:
573:
569:
567:81-7488-487-4
563:
559:
552:
549:
545:
541:
539:0-582-28763-4
535:
531:
524:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
498:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
472:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
446:
443:
439:
434:
430:
426:
419:
416:
412:
408:
406:1-85065-344-5
402:
398:
394:
390:
389:Niyazi Berkes
384:
382:
378:
362:
356:
353:
349:
345:
341:
335:
333:
331:
327:
321:
319:
317:
313:
309:
304:
302:
298:
297:
291:
290:
284:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
253:Greek Muslims
250:
246:
238:
236:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
206:
202:
193:
190:
187:
183:
173:
169:
166:
162:
157:
153:
148:
144:
141:
138:
132:
129:
126:
120:
117:
114:
110:
104:
99:
96:
93:
87:
84:
81:
75:
72:
69:
65:
59:
54:
51:
47:
43:
39:
34:
30:
22:
19:
2605:
2558:Saffet Pasha
2539:
2522:Midhat Pasha
2474:Midhat Pasha
2130:
1713:
1451:Bayram Pasha
1163:Rüstem Pasha
1143:
1091:Rüstem Pasha
921:
795:
683:
656:
633:
625:
599:
585:
579:
571:
557:
551:
543:
529:
523:
515:
503:
497:
489:
477:
471:
463:
451:
445:
436:
424:
418:
410:
396:
368:. Retrieved
355:
347:
343:
316:Pan-Turkists
308:Grand Vizier
305:
294:
287:
285:
261:Cretan Turks
242:
225:Grand Vizier
200:
199:
176:(1891-04-02)
174:2 April 1891
135:Succeeded by
102:
90:Succeeded by
57:
18:
2799:1891 deaths
2794:1823 births
2770:(1920–1922)
2752:(1919–1920)
2740:(1918–1919)
2728:(1917–1918)
2722:(1913–1917)
2710:(1912–1913)
2708:Kâmil Pasha
2698:(1911–1912)
2692:(1910–1911)
2686:(1909–1910)
2668:(1908–1909)
2666:Kâmil Pasha
2656:(1903–1908)
2650:(1901–1903)
2644:(1895–1901)
2636:Kâmil Pasha
2626:(1891–1895)
2620:(1885–1891)
2618:Kâmil Pasha
2614:(1882–1885)
2590:(1880–1882)
2582:Kadri Pasha
2578:(1879–1880)
2566:(1878–1879)
2530:(1877–1878)
2524:(1876–1877)
2518:(1876–1876)
2512:(1875–1876)
2500:(1874–1875)
2494:(1873–1874)
2482:(1872–1873)
2470:(1871–1872)
2464:(1866–1871)
2458:(1866–1867)
2452:(1863–1866)
2440:(1861–1866)
2428:(1860–1861)
2422:(1859–1860)
2410:(1858–1859)
2404:(1857–1858)
2392:(1856–1857)
2386:(1855–1856)
2380:(1854–1855)
2368:(1853–1854)
2362:(1852–1853)
2338:(1848–1852)
2326:(1846–1848)
2320:(1842–1846)
2314:(1841–1842)
2308:(1840–1841)
2302:(1839–1840)
2296:(1833–1839)
2290:(1829–1833)
2284:(1828–1829)
2278:(1824–1828)
2272:(1823–1824)
2260:(1822–1823)
2254:(1821–1822)
2242:(1820–1821)
2236:(1818–1820)
2230:(1815–1818)
2224:(1812–1815)
2218:(1811–1812)
2212:(1809–1811)
2206:(1808–1809)
2194:(1807–1808)
2188:(1806–1807)
2182:(1805–1806)
2176:(1798–1805)
2170:(1794–1798)
2164:(1792–1794)
2158:(1791–1792)
2152:(1790–1791)
2146:(1789–1790)
2065:(1786–1789)
2059:(1785–1786)
2053:(1782–1785)
2041:(1781–1782)
2035:(1779–1781)
2029:(1778–1779)
2023:(1777–1778)
2017:(1775–1777)
2011:(1774–1775)
2005:(1771–1774)
1999:(1770–1771)
1993:(1769–1770)
1981:(1768–1769)
1969:(1765–1768)
1963:(1763–1765)
1951:(1757–1763)
1945:(1756–1757)
1939:(1755–1756)
1915:(1752–1755)
1909:(1750–1752)
1903:(1747–1750)
1897:(1746–1747)
1891:(1743–1746)
1885:(1742–1743)
1879:(1740–1742)
1873:(1739–1740)
1867:(1737–1739)
1855:(1736–1737)
1849:(1735–1736)
1843:(1732–1735)
1837:(1731–1732)
1825:(1730–1731)
1819:(1718–1730)
1813:(1717–1718)
1807:(1716–1717)
1801:(1713–1716)
1789:(1712–1713)
1783:(1711–1712)
1777:(1710–1711)
1765:(1706–1710)
1759:(1704–1706)
1747:(1703–1704)
1729:(1702–1703)
1663:(1697–1702)
1657:(1695–1697)
1651:(1694–1695)
1639:(1692–1693)
1633:(1691–1692)
1627:(1689–1691)
1621:(1688–1689)
1609:(1687–1688)
1603:(1685–1687)
1597:(1683–1685)
1591:(1676–1683)
1585:(1661–1676)
1579:(1656–1661)
1537:(1654–1655)
1531:(1653–1654)
1525:(1652–1653)
1519:(1651–1652)
1507:(1650–1651)
1501:(1649–1650)
1495:(1648–1649)
1489:(1647–1648)
1477:(1645–1647)
1471:(1644–1645)
1465:(1638–1644)
1453:(1637–1638)
1447:(1632–1637)
1435:(1631–1632)
1429:(1628–1631)
1423:(1626–1628)
1417:(1625–1626)
1411:(1624–1625)
1405:(1623–1624)
1393:(1622–1623)
1369:(1621–1622)
1357:(1619–1621)
1351:(1619–1619)
1345:(1616–1619)
1339:(1614–1616)
1333:(1611–1614)
1331:Nasuh Pasha
1327:(1606–1611)
1315:(1604–1606)
1309:(1603–1604)
1303:(1601–1603)
1297:(1599–1601)
1291:(1598–1599)
1285:(1597–1598)
1279:(1596–1597)
1261:(1595–1596)
1243:(1593–1595)
1237:(1592–1593)
1231:(1591–1592)
1225:(1589–1591)
1219:(1586–1589)
1213:(1585–1586)
1207:(1584–1585)
1201:(1582–1584)
1195:(1580–1582)
1183:(1579–1580)
1177:(1565–1579)
1171:(1561–1565)
1165:(1555–1561)
1159:(1553–1555)
1093:(1544–1553)
1087:(1541–1544)
1081:(1539–1541)
1079:Lütfi Pasha
1075:(1536–1539)
1069:(1523–1536)
1063:(1517–1523)
1055:Yunus Pasha
1051:(1516–1517)
1045:(1515–1516)
1039:(1512–1515)
1033:(1511–1512)
1027:(1509–1511)
1021:(1503–1506)
1015:(1501–1503)
1007:Mesih Pasha
1003:(1499–1501)
1001:Yakub Pasha
997:(1498–1499)
991:(1497–1498)
985:(1482–1497)
979:(1481–1482)
977:Ishak Pasha
973:(1477–1481)
967:(1474–1477)
961:(1472–1474)
955:(1469–1472)
953:Ishak Pasha
949:(1466–1469)
943:(1456–1466)
937:(1453–1456)
935:Zagan Pasha
871:(1439–1453)
865:(1429–1439)
859:(1421–1429)
853:(1413–1421)
847:(1406–1413)
841:(1387–1406)
835:(1364–1387)
829:(1349–1364)
823:(1348–1349)
817:(1331–1348)
811:(1320–1331)
393:Feroz Ahmad
370:14 December
185:Nationality
158:3 July 1823
123:Preceded by
78:Preceded by
25:Ahmed Vefik
2788:Categories
821:Hacı Pasha
344:Britannica
322:References
269:Vallahades
433:228708521
299:taxes in
239:Biography
103:In office
58:In office
486:24585567
395:(1998).
213:Tanzimat
2125:of the
1708:of the
1138:of the
916:of the
790:of the
741:of the
624:(ed.).
512:1774508
233:Molière
189:Ottoman
112:Monarch
67:Monarch
2764:(1920)
2758:(1920)
2746:(1919)
2734:(1918)
2716:(1913)
2704:(1912)
2680:(1909)
2674:(1909)
2662:(1908)
2638:(1895)
2632:(1895)
2608:(1882)
2602:(1882)
2596:(1882)
2584:(1880)
2572:(1879)
2560:(1878)
2554:(1878)
2548:(1878)
2542:(1878)
2536:(1878)
2506:(1875)
2488:(1873)
2476:(1872)
2446:(1863)
2434:(1861)
2416:(1859)
2398:(1857)
2374:(1854)
2356:(1852)
2350:(1852)
2344:(1852)
2332:(1848)
2266:(1823)
2248:(1821)
2200:(1808)
2071:(1789)
2047:(1782)
1987:(1769)
1975:(1768)
1957:(1763)
1933:(1755)
1927:(1755)
1921:(1755)
1861:(1737)
1831:(1731)
1795:(1713)
1771:(1710)
1753:(1704)
1741:(1703)
1735:(1703)
1645:(1694)
1615:(1688)
1573:(1656)
1567:(1656)
1561:(1656)
1555:(1656)
1549:(1655)
1543:(1655)
1513:(1651)
1483:(1647)
1459:(1638)
1441:(1632)
1399:(1623)
1387:(1622)
1381:(1622)
1375:(1622)
1363:(1621)
1321:(1606)
1273:(1596)
1267:(1596)
1255:(1595)
1249:(1595)
1189:(1580)
1057:(1517)
1009:(1501)
564:
536:
510:
484:
460:135026
458:
431:
403:
312:France
263:) and
620:. In
364:(PDF)
296:jizya
289:jizya
277:Paris
257:Crete
249:Islam
245:Greek
229:Bursa
29:Pasha
562:ISBN
534:ISBN
508:OCLC
482:OCLC
456:OCLC
429:OCLC
401:ISBN
372:2022
215:and
171:Died
155:Born
2790::
2129:–
1712:–
1142:–
920:–
794:–
570:.
542:.
514:.
488:.
462:.
435:.
409:.
391:;
380:^
346:.
342:.
329:^
318:.
283:.
207::
163:,
2115:e
2108:t
2101:v
1698:e
1691:t
1684:v
1128:e
1121:t
1114:v
906:e
899:t
892:v
780:e
773:t
766:v
726:e
719:t
712:v
374:.
259:(
203:(
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