577:
of which was planned for testing beginning in 2000. In July 2000, the US pressured Israel to back out of the $ 1 billion agreement to sell China four
Phalcon phased-array radar systems. Following the cancelled A-50I/Phalcon deal, China turned to indigenous solutions. The Phalcon radar and other electronic systems were taken off from the unfinished Il-76, and the airframe was handed to China via Russia in 2002. The Chinese AWACS has a unique phased array radar (PAR) carried in a round radome. Unlike the US AWACS aircraft, which rotate their rotodomes to give a 360 degree coverage, the radar antenna of the Chinese AWACS does not rotate. Instead, three PAR antenna modules are placed in a triangular configuration inside the round radome to provide a 360 degree coverage. The installation of equipment at the Il-76 began in late 2002 aircraft by Xian aircraft industries (Xian Aircraft Industry Co.). The first flight of an airplane
527:
845:
33:
512:, which features the new AN/APY-9 radar. The APY-9 radar has been speculated to be capable of detecting fighter-sized stealth aircraft, which are typically optimized against high frequencies like Ka, Ku, X, C and parts of the S-bands. Historically, UHF radars had resolution and detection issues that made them ineffective for accurate targeting and fire control; Northrop Grumman and Lockheed claim that the APY-9 has solved these shortcomings in the APY-9 using advanced electronic scanning and high digital computing power via space/time adaptive processing.
690:
283:
565:
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200:
397:
212:. AEW&C system indicates close and far proximity range on threats and targets, help extend the range of their sensors, and make offensive aircraft harder to track by avoiding the need for them to keep their own radar active, which the enemy can detect. Systems also communicate with friendly aircraft, vectoring fighters towards hostile aircraft or any unidentified flying object.
946:. During the 2010s, the Royal Navy opted to replace its Sea Kings with a modular "Crowsnest" system that can be fitted to any of their Merlin HM2 fleet. The Crowsnest system was partially based upon the Sea King ASaC7's equipment; an unsuccessful bid by Lockheed Martin had proposed using a new multi-functional sensor for either the AW101 or another aircraft.
207:
Modern AEW&C systems can detect aircraft from up to 400 km (220 nmi) away, well out of range of most surface-to-air missiles. One AEW&C aircraft flying at 9,000 m (30,000 ft) can cover an area of 312,000 km (120,000 sq mi). Three such aircraft in overlapping
120:
command and control (BMC2). When used at altitude, the radar system on AEW&C aircraft allows the operators to detect, track and prioritize targets and identify friendly aircraft from hostile ones in real-time and from much farther away than ground-based radars. Like ground-based radars, AEW&C
576:
for $ 250 million, which entailed retrofitting a
Russian-made Ilyushin-76 cargo plane with advanced Elta electronic, computer, radar and communications systems. Beijing was expected to acquire several Phalcon AEW systems, and reportedly could buy at least three more of these systems, the prototype
480:
The E-2 Hawkeye was a specially designed AEW aircraft. Upon its entry to service in 1965, it was initially plagued by technical issues, causing a (later reversed) cancellation. Procurement resumed after efforts to improve reliability, such as replacement of the original rotary drum computer used for
827:
In 2017, India announced plans to purchase six airborne early warning and control (AEW&C) ("AWACS") aircraft that can also perform aerial refuelling, with the first two AEW&C aircraft awaiting approval by
Cabinet in 2020. However, in September 2021, it was decided to use six
895:
when the lack of AEW coverage for the task force was a major tactical handicap, and rendered them vulnerable to low-level attack. The Sea King was determined to be both more practical and responsive than the proposed alternative of relying on the RAF's land-based
301:
were also used as AEW aircraft, filling gaps in radar coverage for the continental US, their tremendous endurance of over 200 hours being a major asset in an AEW aircraft. Following a crash, the US Navy opted to discontinue lighter than air operations in 1962.
908:
attached to the fuselage on a swivel arm and protected by an inflatable dome. The improved Sea King ASaC7 featured the
Searchwater 2000AEW radar, which was capable of simultaneously tracking up to 400 targets, instead of an earlier limit of 250 targets. The
267:. Tests were successful, with the system being able to detect low flying formations at a range greater than 100 miles (160 km). US Navy then ordered production of the TBM-3W, the first production AEW aircraft to enter service. TBM-3Ws fitted with the
681:
radar antenna instead of a mechanically-rotating one, and is capable of simultaneous air and sea search, fighter control and area search, with a maximum range of over 600 km (look-up mode). In addition, the radar antenna array is also doubled as an
139:, in addition to being a highly mobile and powerful radar platform. So useful and advantageous is it to have such aircraft operating at a high altitude, that some navies also operate AEW&C aircraft for their warships at sea, either coastal- or
1161:
R.H. Hamilton in
Perkins, L.W., ed., Flight into Yesterday – A Memory or Two from Members of the Wartime Aircrew Club of Kelowna, L.P. Laserprint, Ltd., Kelowna, B.C., 2000, and 407 Squadron History 1941–1996 – a Narrative History, 407 Squadron,
324:
instead. This solved the problems with cooling and operator space that existed with the narrower Tu-95 and Tu-116 fuselage. To meet range requirements, production examples were fitted with an air-to-air refueling probe. The resulting system, the
1502:
L-304E with 4096 words of memory was completed and put in operation. Very shortly thereafter, the computer was tied to a typewriter, paper tape reader and punch, a small magnetic tape, a real-time clock and a small CRT display and control
984:
in 2016. It is fitted with E-801M Oko (Eye) airborne electronic warfare radar that can track 20 targets simultaneously, detecting aircraft up to 150 km (90 mi) away, and surface warships up to 200 km (120 mi) distant.
297:, which first flew in 1949, served widely with US Air Force and US Navy. It provided the main AEW coverage for US forces during the Vietnam war. It remained operational until replaced with the E-3 AWACS. Developed roughly in parallel,
1850:
2073:
581:
made in
November 2003. All four machines will be equipped with this type. The last to be introduced into service the Chinese Air Force until the end of 2007. China is also developing a carrier-based AEW&C,
259:
In
February 1944, the US Navy ordered the development of a radar system that could be carried aloft in an aircraft under Project Cadillac. A prototype system was built and flown in August on a modified
466:
that measures azimuth, range, and elevation simultaneously; the unit installed upon the E-767 has superior surveillance capability over water compared to the AN/APY-1 system on the earlier E-3 models.
163:
to protect them and augment their onboard command information centers (CICs). The designation "airborne early warning" (AEW) was used for earlier similar aircraft used in the less-demanding
2721:
2119:
2312:
1970:
121:
systems can be detected and targeted by opposing forces, but due to aircraft mobility and extended sensor range, they are much less vulnerable to counter-attacks than ground systems.
1842:
2282:
2184:
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air frame. Netra gives a 240-degree coverage of airspace. The Emb-145 also has air-to-air refuelling capability for longer surveillance time. The IAF also operates three
Israeli
1824:
526:
1798:
1765:
2085:
1586:
2001:
1746:
232:
that could be carried on an aircraft for what they termed "Air
Controlled Interception". The intention was to cover the North West approaches where German long range
2650:
2578:
462:, which allowed it to track targets normally lost in ground clutter. Previously, low-flying aircraft could only be readily tracked over water. The AWACS features a
1512:
1450:"COMPUTERS AND DATA PROCESSORS, NORTH AMERICA: 4. Litton Industries, Guidance and Control Systems Division, L-304 Militarized Computer, Woodland Hills, California"
271:
radar entered service in March 1945, with 27 eventually constructed. It was also recognised that a larger land-based aircraft would be attractive, thus, under the
2714:
1082:
918:
633:
613:
365:
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processing radar information by a Litton L-304 digital computer. In addition to purchases by the US Navy, the E-2 Hawkeye has been sold to the armed forces of
844:
2360:
2251:
2100:
941:
572:
In May 1997, Russia and Israel agreed to jointly fulfill an order from China to develop and deliver an early warning system. China reportedly ordered one
979:
1061:
240:
bomber (serial R1629) was fitted with a rotating antenna array. It was tested for use against aerial targets and then for possible use against German
1554:
1433:
2707:
2046:
994:
891:. The creation of Sea King ASaC7, and earlier AEW.2 and AEW.5 models, came as the consequence of lessons learnt by the Royal Navy during the 1982
616:(DRDO) began a study of requirements for developing an Airborne Early Warning and Control (AWAC) system. In 2015, DRDO delivered 3 AWACs, called
1407:
2304:
2510:
2474:
1962:
1682:
647:
platform and another 6 based on Airbus A321 platform. These systems are expected to have an enhanced performance including range and azimuth
2665:
2274:
2138:
999:
805:
678:
2455:
2436:
1506:
1921:
2634:
2597:
2559:
2529:
2401:
1872:
1540:
1263:
1250:
875:
2233:
2181:
1731:
1648:
824:; this platform is considered to be both more capable and less expensive to operate than the older Boeing 707-based Phalcon fleet.
32:
1199:
935:
428:
1946:
3032:
2751:
2675:
1894:
1704:
1583:
180:
1993:
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proposed a more advanced AWACS with a longer range and with a 360-degree coverage akin to the
Phalcon system, based on the
3042:
3037:
2210:
1449:
361:
348:, using the same AN/APS-20 radar. With the retirement of conventional aircraft carriers, the Gannet was withdrawn and the
2575:
1004:
452:
404:
385:
294:
172:
156:
109:
3002:
2872:
2813:
1329:
766:
666:
276:
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312:
was ordered to design an AEW aircraft. After determining that the projected radar instrumentation would not fit in a
1513:"1967 Pictorial Report on the Computer Field: DIGITAL COMPUTERS – TACTICAL AUTOMATIC DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM (TADPS)"
1485:
689:
364:, was ordered in 1974. After a protracted and problematic development, this was cancelled in 1986, and seven E-3Ds,
3027:
1108:
662:
2922:
2368:
2247:
738:
129:
640:
airframe, but given the costs involved there is also the possibility of converting used A320 airliners as well.
3047:
2917:
233:
2963:
2890:
2771:
458:
When AWACS first entered service it represented a major advance in capability, being the first AEW to use a
187:(Airborne Warning and Control System) is the name of the specific system installed in the E-3 and Japanese
2862:
1562:
1395:
Air World, April 1998 Special edition "Airborne Early Warning and Control aircraft E-767 & E-3" p. 37.
1374:
Air World, April 1998 Special edition "Airborne Early Warning and Control aircraft E-767 & E-3" p. 30.
1227:
357:
282:
978:. The Russian Navy has two Ka-31R variants, at least one of which was deployed on their aircraft carrier
2975:
2953:
2880:
2850:
860:
341:
113:
2023:
2655:
356:
MR.2 airframes, redesignated Shackleton AEW.2. To replace the Shackleton AEW.2, an AEW variant of the
2895:
2051:
1350:
972:
927:
808:) in lieu of a rotodome antenna. The system was the first such system to enter service. The original
381:
62:
1404:
2766:
1622:
905:
777:
694:
674:
656:
475:
459:
340:
During the Cold war, United Kingdom deployed a substantial AEW capability, initially with American
261:
245:
225:
168:
106:
86:
564:
17:
2688:
965:
773:
746:
644:
621:
237:
152:
2618:
2120:"'Eyes in sky': Centre clears project worth Rs 10,990 crore to build 6 'early-warning' aircraft"
864:
600:
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2756:
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2614:
2593:
2555:
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2506:
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871:
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781:
723:
719:
670:
411:
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345:
330:
176:
117:
40:
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2987:
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2958:
2885:
2855:
2845:
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1674:
958:
881:
637:
609:
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airframe, with a large non-rotating disk radome on the rear fuselage. These replaced the 12
432:
229:
98:
2699:
2414:. No. 119, September/October 2005. Stamford, Lincs, UK: Key Publishing. pp. 2–6.
1747:"India To Modify Used Airliners Into Early-Warning Radar Jets To Keep Pace With Its Rivals"
686:
array, with a maximum range of over 850 km at 9,000 metres (30,000 ft) altitude.
2808:
2761:
2582:
1950:
1929:
1590:
1411:
1333:
897:
885:
821:
353:
349:
286:
253:
102:
44:
37:
2156:
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aircraft to be equipped with Hawkeye 2000 AEW systems. China and Pakistan also signed a
2937:
2932:
2905:
2410:
629:
617:
595:
546:
that filled the role previously. The A-50 and A-50U will eventually be replaced by the
543:
539:
326:
321:
317:
264:
249:
209:
124:
AEW&C aircraft are used for both defensive and offensive air operations, and serve
94:
2576:
http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA440094&Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf
199:
3021:
2910:
2840:
1434:"across the editor's desk: COMPUTING AND DATA PROCESSING NEWSLETTER – LITTON'S L-304"
914:
892:
817:
758:
313:
298:
244:. Another radar equipped Wellington with a different installation was used to direct
140:
2334:
1943:
396:
2835:
2830:
1062:"Boeing Delivers First Two 767 AWACS, Introduces Newest Member of AEW&C Family"
931:
910:
785:
734:
697:
547:
444:
400:
306:
188:
164:
160:
1898:
1708:
1618:
183:
capabilities that may not be present on smaller or simpler radar picket aircraft.
550:, which features an AESA array in the radome and is based on the updated Il-476.
2980:
2927:
2660:
954:
950:
829:
583:
535:
521:
334:
148:
90:
1461:
620:, to the IAF with an advanced Indian AESA radar system fitted on the Brazilian
853:
813:
448:
440:
436:
221:
144:
82:
2493:
2419:
1825:"IAF uses Airbus-321 passenger aircraft for ferrying troops to forward areas"
1777:
1799:"DRDO to develop new early warning jets for IAF under ₹11,000 crore project"
1584:
The U.S. Navy's Secret Counter-Stealth Weapon Could Be Hiding in Plain Sight
901:
833:
809:
801:
762:
754:
742:
713:
625:
573:
498:
268:
125:
2394:
Awacs and Hawkeyes: The Complete History of Airborne Early Warning Aircraft
1326:
900:
AEW.2 fleet. The first examples were a pair of Sea King HAS2s that had the
191:
AEW&C airframes, but is often used as a general synonym for AEW&C.
2305:"New surveillance system for future Royal Navy aircraft carriers revealed"
203:
Wellington Ic "Air Controlled Interception" showing rotating radar antenna
2545:. Vol. 76, no. 2. Stamford, UK: Key Publishing. pp. 44–47.
2539:
Lake, Jon (February 2009). "Aircraft of the RAF – Part 10 Sentry AEW.1".
789:
731:
727:
463:
420:
66:
2469:. Warbird Tech. Vol. 43. North Branch, Minnesota: Specialty Press.
2139:"India to convert six A319s into AEW & C aircraft for the Air Force"
1675:"Arms deal underway, first Israeli Phalcon lands in India – Israel News"
816:
and developed for the Israeli Defense Force and for export. Israel uses
376:
Many countries have developed their own AEW&C systems, although the
27:
Airborne system of surveillance radar plus command and control functions
2818:
2746:
2681:
578:
559:
309:
136:
78:
74:
1843:"Defense & Security Intelligence & Analysis: IHS Jane's – IHS"
179:, while AEW&C (airborne early warning and control) emphasizes the
2825:
1963:"Saab receives order for upgrade of mission system Erieye for Brazil"
1008:
750:
709:
502:
490:
486:
424:
416:
241:
2488:. Warpaint Series No.23. Buckinghamshire, England: Hall Park Books.
2335:"Ka-31 Radar Picket Airborne Early Warning (AEW) Helicopter, Russia"
2408:
Davies, Ed. "AWACS Origins: Brassboard – Quest for the E-3 Radar".
2182:"Cerberus set for service aboard Sea King Whiskey, Upgrade Update."
534:
The Russian Aerospace Forces are currently using approximately 3-5
843:
688:
683:
599:
563:
525:
494:
482:
395:
281:
198:
133:
59:
2429:
The Admiralty and AEW: Royal Navy Airborne Early Warning Projects
344:, designated Skyraider AEW.1, which in turn were replaced by the
2569:
Neufeld, Jacob; Watson, George M. Jr.; Chenoweth, David (1997).
632:
airframes, the first of which first arrived on 25 May 2009. The
70:
2703:
2573:. Washington, D.C.: United States Air Force. pp. 267–287.
820:
airborne early warning and control multi-band radar system on
1873:"Sweden Finalizes Saab 2000 AEW&C Contract With Pakistan"
1531:
Donald, David, ed. "Grumman E-2 Hawkeye/TE-2/C-2 Greyhound".
1243:
Sky Ships: A History of the Airship in the United States Navy
859:
On 3 June 1957, the first of 2 HR2S-1W, a derivative of the
2503:
Airborne Early Warning: Design, Development, and Operations
2450:. Red Star Vol. 23. Hinckley, England: Midland Publishing.
1994:"Brazil seeks first modernised AEW&C aircraft in 2020"
1619:"Development of Airborne Early Warning and Control System"
643:
IAF has plans to develop 6 more Netra AEW&CS based on
2448:
Soviet/Russian AWACS Aircraft: Tu-126, A-50, An-71, Ka-31
2571:
Technology and the Air Force. A Retrospective Assessment
1351:"NATO Picks E-7 as Its New AWACS; Six Aircraft to Start"
2606:
Tyack, Bill "Maritime Patrol in the Piston Engine Era"
1766:"IAF plans for six more 'Netra' early warning aircraft"
2670:
2554:. in Detail and Scale. Falbrook, CA: Aero Publishers.
2157:"Sikorsky Archives | S-56/HR2S-1/H-37 Helicopter"
1602:
Butowski, Piotr. "Model Reveals A-100 Configuration".
769:(MoU) for the joint development of AEW&C systems.
726:
as its AEW platform. The S 100D Argus is based on the
2047:"Israeli air force showcases G550 surveillance fleet"
368:
Sentry AEW.1 in RAF service, were purchased instead.
1897:. C4ISRJournal.com. 11 December 2006. Archived from
2946:
2795:
2788:
2739:
2078:] AWACS to have mid-air refuelling capability"
320:, the decision was made to use the more capacious
2275:"Thales outlines Sea King 7 replacement proposal"
1705:"India set to decide big military aircraft deals"
279:bombers were also outfitted with the same radar.
2168:
2166:
677:aircraft. The Boeing 737 AEW&C has a fixed,
538:in the AEW role. The "Mainstay" is based on the
2629:. Fyshwick, Australia: Aerospace Publications.
2248:"Janes | Latest defence and security news"
2234:"Thales bags selection for RN Crowsnest system"
2101:"Air Force set to get two more warning systems"
352:(RAF) installed the radars from the Gannets on
1264:"After 50 years, Navy resumes airship program"
333:and remained in service until replaced by the
175:, and continues to be used by the RAF for its
2715:
2191:, 24 September 2002. Retrieved 19 April 2012.
1555:"Navy Declares IOC For E-2D Advanced Hawkeye"
614:Defence Research and Development Organisation
105:. AEW&C units are also used to carry out
8:
2689:"Electronic Weapons: AWACS Then And Forever"
2396:. St Paul, Minnesota: Zenith Imprint, 2002.
874:naval helicopter was operated from both the
863:, was delivered to the US Navy, it used the
2627:Boeing 707, Douglas DC-8, and Vickers VC-10
2446:Gordon, Yefim; Komissarov, Dmitriy (2010).
1621:(Press release). Press Information Bureau,
1533:The Complete Encyclopedia of World Aircraft
1313:
1311:
1289:
1287:
1277:
1275:
1273:
392:Airborne Warning and Control System (AWACS)
2792:
2722:
2708:
2700:
2676:TU-126 MOSS AWACS – history of development
2671:Airborne Early Warning Association website
2608:Royal Air Force Historical Society Journal
2200:Armistead and Armistead 2002, pp. 132–134.
1228:"Navy Airship Longer Than Football Field."
1136:Hodges, R, "Air controlled interception,"
2656:NATO AWACS-Spotter Geilenkirchen website
1875:. Defenseindustrydaily.com. 7 April 2008
1649:"India to fill gaps in aerial vigilance"
1245:, Althoff, W.F., Pacifica Press, c1991,
917:in the same role, operated from the LPH
867:but proved unreliable due to vibration.
31:
1732:"India Renews Indigenous AWACS Efforts"
1486:"The Litton L-304 Dual Computer System"
1382:
1380:
1083:"AWACS to Bridge the Technological Gap"
1026:
995:List of airborne early warning aircraft
934:is operated from the aircraft carriers
792:Erieye PS-890 radar, as on the S 100D.
388:are the most common systems worldwide.
2465:Gordon, Yefim; Davison, Peter (2006).
2392:Armistead, Leigh and Edwin Armistead.
2361:"Carrier-based Ka-52K bound for Syria"
1608:, April 2014. Retrieved: 21 July 2014.
1302:
236:aircraft were threatening shipping. A
159:AEW&C aircraft is assigned to its
85:at long ranges, as well as performing
2285:from the original on 11 December 2011
2172:Armistead and Armistead 2002, p. 131.
2024:"B707 Phalcon, "Israeli Weapons.com""
1973:from the original on 23 February 2016
1922:"$ 278m AWACS deal struck with China"
1642:
1640:
1460:(1): 23. January 1966. Archived from
1077:
1075:
586:via Y-7 derived Xian JZY-01 testbed.
451:), the latter only being used by the
435:) radar. It is mounted on either the
7:
1745:Newdick, Thomas (18 December 2020).
1000:List of AEW&C aircraft operators
804:Phalcon system, which uses an AESA (
97:by informing and directing friendly
2189:Jane's International Defence Review
2137:Dubois, Gastón (9 September 2021).
2118:Pandit, Rajat (21 September 2021).
1205:Vol. 87, No. 11, November 2004 via
806:active electronically scanned array
757:from Sweden. In December 2006, the
679:active electronically scanned array
419:produces a specific system with a "
329:, entered service in 1965 with the
295:Lockheed WV and EC-121 Warning Star
228:detection system—in the 1930s, the
2803:Airborne early warning and control
2273:Hoyle, Craig (15 September 2011).
2084:. 30 November 2017. Archived from
1853:from the original on 29 April 2012
1553:Majumdar, Dave (16 October 2014).
1535:. Barnes & Nobel Books, 1997.
800:Israel has developed the IAI/Elta
604:Netra AEW&C in Aero India 2017
52:airborne early warning and control
25:
18:Airborne Early Warning and Control
2367:, 21 October 2016, archived from
2315:from the original on 17 July 2015
2126:. Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd.
2099:Gupta, Shishir (5 January 2020).
1920:Klasra, Rauf (18 December 2008).
1764:Pubby, Manu (22 September 2023).
1730:Mathews, Neelam (28 March 2019).
1707:. India Strategic. Archived from
1349:Tirpak, John (17 November 2023).
1233:, September 1952, p. 117, bottom.
884:and later the helicopter carrier
2254:from the original on 29 May 2014
2004:from the original on 13 May 2019
1992:Barreira, Victor (13 May 2019).
1685:from the original on 28 May 2009
1673:Ben-Yishai, Ron (20 June 1995).
1152:m April 1987: "The First AWACS".
1085:. Air University. Archived from
1355:Air & Space Forces Magazine
1262:Moore, Kirk (27 October 2011).
1109:"AWACS: Nato's eyes in the sky"
568:KJ-2000 at 2014 Zhuhai Air Show
289:M one of the first AEW aircraft
2661:FAS.org E-3 Sentry information
1209:. Retrieved: 23 December 2010.
508:The latest E-2 version is the
208:orbits can cover the whole of
151:platforms. In the case of the
1:
2213:. Italian Ministry of Defense
2045:Egozi, Arie (23 March 2010).
1593:– News.USNI.org, 9 June 2014.
536:Beriev A-50 and A-50U "Shmel"
230:British developed a radar set
128:in the same role as what the
2592:. Air-Britain (Historians).
2590:The Boeing 707 720 and C-135
2232:Hoyle, Craig (22 May 2015).
1005:Airborne ground surveillance
737:radar. Saab also offers the
453:Japan Air Self-Defense Force
405:Japan Air Self Defense Force
386:Northrop Grumman E-2 Hawkeye
277:Boeing B-17G Flying Fortress
173:Lockheed EC-121 Warning Star
157:Northrop Grumman E-2 Hawkeye
2520:Hurturk, Kivanc N. (1998).
1454:Digital Computer Newsletter
1339:Retrieved: 21 October 2010.
767:memorandum of understanding
667:Republic of Korea Air Force
252:, which were air-launching
3064:
1944:Embraer EMB-145H AEW&C
1444:(10): 43–44. October 1965.
928:AgustaWestland EH-101A AEW
707:
663:Royal Australian Air Force
654:
593:
557:
519:
473:
409:
2522:History of the Boeing 707
1405:Boeing 767 AWACS Overview
1138:Radar Development to 1945
957:on the aircraft carriers
130:combat information center
116:, and frequently perform
2682:Airborne radar "Gneis-2"
2625:Wilson, Stewart (1998).
2550:Lloyd, Alwyn T. (1987).
1519:(12): 35. December 1967.
1517:Computers and Automation
1438:Computers and Automation
1218:Wilson 1998, p. 72.
342:Douglas AD-4W Skyraiders
234:Focke-Wulf Fw 200 Condor
224:—the first ground-based
58:) system is an airborne
2187:8 July 2011 at Wikiwix
1127:, Aviation World, 2004,
761:requested three excess
464:three-dimensional radar
443:) or more recently the
220:After having developed
195:General characteristics
2581:7 October 2012 at the
2552:Boeing 707 & AWACS
2524:. New Hills: Buchair.
2484:Hazell, Steve (2000).
2427:Gibson, Chris (2011).
1967:News Powered by Cision
1926:The News International
1753:. Brookline Media Inc.
906:Searchwater LAST radar
856:
840:Helicopter AEW systems
739:Bombardier Global 6000
700:
605:
569:
531:
407:
358:Hawker Siddeley Nimrod
290:
216:History of development
204:
47:
3033:Early warning systems
2588:Pither, Tony (1998).
2341:. Airforce-technology
2026:. Israeli-weapons.com
1949:28 April 2009 at the
1410:June 4, 2007, at the
1386:Neufeld 1997, p. 271.
1042:Neufeld 1997, p. 278.
1033:Neufeld 1997, p. 276.
861:Sikorsky CH-37 Mojave
847:
745:. In early 2006, the
692:
603:
567:
529:
510:E-2D Advanced Hawkeye
399:
310:Tupolev Design Bureau
285:
202:
35:
3043:Military terminology
3038:Military electronics
2666:Boeing AWACS website
2501:Hirst, Mike (1983).
2431:. Blue Envoy Press.
2279:Flight International
2074:"Next-Gen [
2052:Flight International
1942:Hellenic Air Force:
1932:on 18 December 2008.
1831:. 16 September 2023.
1423:Taylor 1976, p. 291.
675:Boeing 737 AEW&C
657:Boeing 737 AEW&C
651:Boeing 737 AEW&C
628:systems, mounted on
246:Bristol Beaufighters
63:early warning system
2873:Electronic warfare
2371:on 16 November 2016
2339:Airforce Technology
1589:9 July 2014 at the
1327:"BAe Nimrod AEW 3."
1293:Gordon 2006, p. 87.
1281:Gordon 2006, p. 86.
1203:Air Force Magazine,
953:is deployed by the
778:Brazilian Air Force
724:S 100D Argus ASC890
695:Brazilian Air Force
476:Grumman E-2 Hawkeye
460:pulse-Doppler radar
346:Fairey Gannet AEW.3
226:early-warning radar
181:command and control
169:Fairey Gannet AEW.3
107:aerial surveillance
87:command and control
81:and other incoming
65:designed to detect
2814:Counter-insurgency
2505:. London: Osprey.
2467:Tupolev Tu-95 Bear
2124:The Times of India
2082:The Economic Times
2000:. Rio de Janeiro.
1895:"C4ISRJournal.com"
1805:. 9 September 2021
1770:The Economic Times
1625:. 11 December 2003
1559:US Naval Institute
1332:2 May 2012 at the
1317:Tyack 2005, p. 87.
1189:Hirst 1983, p. 60.
1180:Hirst 1983, p. 64.
1171:Hirst 1983, p. 59.
1051:Gordon 2010, p. 3.
949:The Russian-built
943:Giuseppe Garibaldi
857:
852:helicopter of the
774:Hellenic Air Force
747:Pakistan Air Force
701:
606:
570:
532:
427:that incorporates
408:
291:
275:program, multiple
238:Vickers Wellington
205:
167:role, such as the
153:United States Navy
95:aerial engagements
48:
3028:Military aviation
3015:
3014:
3011:
3010:
2868:Close air support
2732:military aircraft
2542:Air International
2512:978-0-85045-532-8
2476:978-1-58007-102-4
1711:on 3 January 2014
1605:Air International
1492:. 1966. p. 2
1490:trailing-edge.com
1231:Popular Mechanics
981:Admiral Kuznetsov
882:aircraft carriers
850:Westland Sea King
812:was mounted on a
782:Mexican Air Force
720:Swedish Air Force
671:Turkish Air Force
412:Boeing E-3 Sentry
378:Boeing E-3 Sentry
331:Soviet Air Forces
118:battle management
41:Boeing E-3 Sentry
16:(Redirected from
3055:
2876:
2793:
2775:
2724:
2717:
2710:
2701:
2696:
2693:strategypage.com
2651:AWACS and JSTARS
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2236:. Flight Global.
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2089:
2088:on 5 March 2018.
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2014:
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1983:
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1928:. Archived from
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1561:. Archived from
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704:Erieye/GlobalEye
610:Indian Air Force
590:Netra AEW&CS
433:Northrop Grumman
254:V-1 flying bombs
114:maritime targets
21:
3063:
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3058:
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3053:
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3048:Aircraft radars
3018:
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2918:Maritime patrol
2891:Air superiority
2874:
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2734:types and roles
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2583:Wayback Machine
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1565:on 24 July 2015
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1207:web.archive.org
1197:
1193:
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1140:R W Burns (ed),
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1111:
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1092:
1090:
1089:on 27 June 2004
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991:
976:-class frigates
842:
822:Gulfstream G550
798:
716:
708:Main articles:
706:
659:
653:
645:Embraer EMB-145
622:Embraer EMB-145
598:
596:DRDO AEW&CS
592:
562:
556:
524:
518:
478:
472:
414:
394:
374:
372:Current systems
360:, known as the
354:Avro Shackleton
350:Royal Air Force
287:Lockheed EC-121
250:Heinkel He 111s
218:
197:
103:attack aircraft
45:North Yorkshire
38:Royal Air Force
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2457:978-1857802153
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2438:978-0956195128
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2411:Air Enthusiast
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1984:
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1901:on 8 July 2011
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1464:on 3 June 2018
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872:Sea King ASaC7
841:
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832:acquired from
797:
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673:are deploying
655:Main article:
652:
649:
630:Ilyushin Il-76
594:Main article:
591:
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558:Main article:
555:
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544:Tupolev Tu-126
540:Ilyushin Il-76
520:Main article:
517:
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474:Main article:
471:
468:
393:
390:
373:
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327:Tupolev Tu-126
322:Tupolev Tu-114
318:Tupolev Tu-116
299:N-class blimps
265:torpedo bomber
217:
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2486:Fairey Gannet
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921:
920:Juan Carlos I
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915:SH-3 Sea King
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893:Falklands War
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314:Tupolev Tu-95
311:
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215:
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211:
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158:
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967:
961:Vikramaditya
960:
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925:
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887:
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869:
858:
830:Airbus A321s
826:
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786:Embraer R-99
771:
749:ordered six
717:
698:Embraer R-99
660:
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548:Beriev A-100
533:
509:
507:
479:
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429:Westinghouse
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375:
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304:
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219:
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189:Boeing E-767
184:
165:radar picket
143:and on both
123:
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51:
49:
29:
2928:Interdictor
2896:Interceptor
2805:(AEW&C)
2375:15 November
1751:The Warzone
1658:27 February
1468:25 February
1303:Gibson 2011
1125:Air-Britain
1093:14 February
955:Indian Navy
951:Kamov Ka-31
913:fields the
904:ARI 5980/3
638:Airbus A330
584:Xian KJ-600
530:Beriev A-50
522:Beriev A-50
516:Beriev A-50
470:E-2 Hawkeye
423:" rotating
362:Nimrod AEW3
335:Beriev A-50
273:Cadillac II
262:TBM Avenger
177:Sentry AEW1
149:rotary-wing
110:over ground
91:battlespace
83:projectiles
3022:Categories
2947:Non-combat
2923:Multi-role
2856:Pathfinder
2851:Penetrator
2767:Helicopter
2757:Fixed-wing
2211:"EH – 101"
1998:Jane's 360
1977:1 February
1829:aninews.in
1809:2 February
1783:2 February
1360:24 January
1337:Spyflight.
1016:References
898:Shackleton
877:Invincible
854:Royal Navy
814:Boeing 707
755:Saab 2000s
612:(IAF) and
449:Boeing 767
441:Boeing 707
439:aircraft (
437:E-3 Sentry
410:See also:
366:designated
222:Chain Home
145:fixed-wing
126:air forces
3003:Transport
2901:Emergency
2846:Strategic
2772:Unmanned
2619:1361-4231
2494:1363-0369
2420:0143-5450
2345:3 January
2289:5 January
1847:janes.com
1778:0013-0389
1715:3 January
1653:The Hindu
1066:MediaRoom
1021:Citations
966:INS
959:INS
902:Thorn-EMI
886:HMS
865:AN/APS-32
836:instead.
834:Air India
802:EL/M-2075
763:P-3 Orion
743:GlobalEye
722:uses the
714:GlobalEye
626:EL/W-2090
499:Singapore
337:in 1984.
269:AN/APS-20
56:AEW&C
2881:Intruder
2579:Archived
2313:Archived
2283:Archived
2252:Archived
2185:Archived
2058:8 August
2030:31 March
2002:Archived
1971:Archived
1947:Archived
1851:Archived
1683:Archived
1679:Ynetnews
1587:Archived
1503:console.
1496:1 August
1414:. Boeing
1408:Archived
1330:Archived
989:See also
790:Ericsson
788:with an
784:use the
732:Ericsson
730:with an
728:Saab 340
669:and the
421:rotodome
137:warships
79:missiles
75:vehicles
67:aircraft
2998:Trainer
2993:Testbed
2959:Liaison
2886:Fighter
2863:Carrier
2819:Gunship
2780:Stealth
2752:Balloon
2747:Airship
2730:Modern
2613:, 2005
2319:23 July
2258:17 June
1857:7 March
1629:25 July
1569:25 July
1507:Alt URL
1150:Flypast
1114:. Nato.
968:Vikrant
930:of the
848:An AEW
810:Phalcon
741:-based
579:KJ-2000
574:Phalcon
560:KJ-2000
554:KJ-2000
403:of the
248:toward
242:E boats
99:fighter
89:of the
2988:Tanker
2906:Escort
2826:Bomber
2809:Attack
2796:Combat
2762:Glider
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2528:
2509:
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2435:
2418:
2400:
2309:gov.uk
2217:29 May
2008:14 May
1905:1 June
1879:1 June
1776:
1689:1 June
1539:
1249:
1009:JSTARS
1007:(e.g.
974:Talwar
937:Cavour
879:-class
796:Others
751:Erieye
710:Erieye
503:Taiwan
491:Israel
487:France
425:radome
417:Boeing
307:Soviet
155:, the
132:is to
2981:Scout
2969:Scout
2911:Night
2789:Roles
2774:(UAV)
2740:Types
1162:1996.
1112:(PDF)
888:Ocean
684:ELINT
618:Netra
495:Japan
483:Egypt
431:(now
401:E-767
316:or a
185:AWACS
134:naval
71:ships
60:radar
43:over
2875:(EW)
2631:ISBN
2615:ISSN
2594:ISBN
2556:ISBN
2526:ISBN
2507:ISBN
2490:ISSN
2471:ISBN
2452:ISBN
2433:ISBN
2416:ISSN
2398:ISBN
2377:2016
2347:2014
2321:2015
2291:2012
2260:2014
2219:2020
2060:2010
2032:2012
2010:2019
1979:2016
1907:2009
1881:2009
1859:2016
1811:2024
1785:2024
1774:ISSN
1717:2014
1691:2009
1660:2017
1631:2008
1571:2015
1537:ISBN
1498:2016
1470:2019
1362:2024
1247:ISBN
1095:2009
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940:and
926:The
780:and
772:The
718:The
712:and
661:The
634:DRDO
501:and
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