349:
2358:
190:
202:
2110:
323:. Previously, it had been considered the most endangered Eastern Sámi language. On December 29, 2003, Maria Sergina – the last fluent native speaker of Akkala Sámi – died. However, as of 2011 there were at least two people, both aged 70, with some knowledge of Akkala Sámi. Remaining ethnic Akkala Sámi live in the village
338:, a few published texts, and archived audio recordings, the Akkala Sámi language remains among the most poorly documented Sámi languages. One of the few items in the language are chapters 23–28 of the Gospel of Matthew published in 1897. It was translated by A. Genetz, and printed at the expense of the
2489:
2710:
1774:
that conjugates according to person and number, while the main verb remains unchanged. The conjugation of the negative verb is shown here together with the verb
2053:
Rantala, Leif, Aleftina
Sergina 2009. Áhkkila sápmelaččat. Oanehis muitalus sámejoavkku birra, man maŋimuš sámegielalaš olmmoš jámii 29.12.2003. Roavvenjárga.
2696:
320:
212:
2147:
2878:
3525:
3307:
1940:
3520:
2023:
3510:
102:
339:
2140:
2114:
3361:
1935:. Helsinki, Finland: University of Helsinki, Department of Finnish, Finno-Ugrian and Scandinavian Studies. pp. 90–91.
2871:
2200:
1925:
417:
transcription is retained here. The middle dot ˑ denotes palatalization of the preceding consonant, analyzed by Zaykov as
305:, it has recently become recognized as an independent Sámi language that is most closely related to its western neighbor
3515:
176:
3226:
3119:
3268:
3505:
2526:
348:
2705:
2133:
97:
2817:
2605:
2600:
2294:
2165:
1986:"«Лингвистический оптимизм»: репортаж с конференции «Лингвистический форум 2019: Коренные языки России и мира»"
414:
335:
3454:
2864:
2063:
3172:
2637:
2311:
2120:
2975:
2812:
2730:
2725:
2623:
2388:
2194:
310:
306:
2843:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2554:
2357:
3459:
2521:
2480:
2654:
2549:
2467:
478:
3237:
2773:
2587:
2577:
2516:
2182:
1212:
774:
434:
3321:
189:
3449:
3423:
2947:
2912:
2907:
2780:
2737:
2366:
2339:
2323:
2306:
2301:
2188:
1946:
1936:
1703:
240:
92:
3379:
3352:
3277:
3190:
3128:
3066:
3045:
2927:
2720:
2595:
2536:
2448:
2438:
2289:
2282:
2267:
2262:
2215:
2173:
2156:
2030:
1232:
1228:
1220:
1216:
576:
430:
262:
254:
232:
87:
65:
3199:
2748:
2742:
2612:
2569:
2559:
2498:
2345:
2245:
1224:
470:
446:
438:
132:
79:
3300:
3179:
2902:
2888:
3314:
3091:
3008:
2980:
2837:
2766:
2691:
2684:
2675:
2668:
2662:
2617:
2475:
2407:
2394:
2333:
2316:
2232:
2220:
2205:
1717:
450:
302:
294:
125:
50:
168:
3499:
3417:
3217:
3206:
3158:
3110:
2992:
2922:
2917:
2630:
2544:
2508:
2412:
2328:
2272:
2252:
2238:
2009:
1771:
931:
474:
462:
458:
442:
418:
3410:
3137:
17:
3253:
3165:
2210:
389:
324:
3475:
3439:
3341:
3332:
3050:
3040:
2986:
2443:
2433:
2401:
2277:
3151:
3071:
3013:
2453:
2417:
466:
454:
201:
181:
3480:
3444:
3388:
3096:
1968:
1963:
1721:
1707:
413:
The following overview is based on Pekka (Pyotr) M. Zaykov's volume. Zaykov's
2225:
1950:
331:
161:
145:
3286:
2485:
2109:
152:
3368:
3246:
3144:
2932:
2093:Бабинский диалект саамского языка (фонолого-морфологическое исследование)
1809:
1588:
1437:
1286:
2121:
KOLTAN- JA KUOLANLAPIN SANAKIRJA (Kola Sámi dictionary, includes Akkala)
1985:
1823:
1795:
1609:
1567:
1458:
1416:
1307:
1265:
345:
In the
Russian 2020 census, 1 person still claimed knowledge of Akkala.
3293:
1851:
1651:
1500:
1349:
1865:
1837:
1672:
1630:
1521:
1479:
1370:
1328:
495:
Partitive: this case exists only in the singular, and has the ending
317:
298:
209:
2937:
2125:
2071:
244:
1933:
Ethnic and
Linguistic Context of Identity: Finno-Ugric Minorities
1208:
485:
Nominative: no marker in the singular, weak grade in the plural.
477:. Case and number are expressed by a combination of endings and
2860:
2129:
536:
Essive: this case exists only in the singular: strong grade +
488:
Genitive-accusative: weak grade in the singular, weak grade +
1238:
2856:
1770:
As in other Sámi languages, Akkala Sámi makes use of a
1215:
and two numbers, singular and plural. There are three
3468:
3432:
3402:
3378:
3351:
3331:
3276:
3267:
3236:
3216:
3189:
3127:
3118:
3109:
3084:
3059:
3033:
3026:
3001:
2962:
2955:
2946:
2895:
2790:
2758:
2653:
2586:
2568:
2535:
2507:
2466:
2426:
2374:
2365:
2172:
330:Although there exists a description of Akkala Sámi
194:
Akkala Sami language area (red) within Sápmi (grey)
175:
159:
143:
138:
122:
76:
64:
56:
45:
37:
32:
2064:"Росстат — Всероссийская перепись населения 2020"
2012:(Report) (3rd ed.). UNESCO. 2010. p. 7.
1893:
1887:
1881:
1880:The third person singular and plural of the verb
1870:
1856:
1842:
1828:
1814:
1800:
1785:
1775:
1762:
1756:
1743:
1737:
1731:
1725:
1711:
1684:
1677:
1663:
1656:
1642:
1635:
1621:
1614:
1600:
1593:
1579:
1572:
1547:
1533:
1526:
1512:
1505:
1491:
1484:
1470:
1463:
1449:
1442:
1428:
1421:
1396:
1382:
1375:
1361:
1354:
1340:
1333:
1319:
1312:
1298:
1291:
1277:
1270:
1245:
1192:
1185:
1178:
1171:
1159:
1152:
1145:
1138:
1126:
1119:
1112:
1105:
1093:
1086:
1079:
1072:
1057:
1047:
1035:
1028:
1021:
1014:
1002:
995:
988:
981:
954:
944:
920:
913:
901:
894:
882:
875:
863:
856:
844:
837:
825:
818:
805:
797:
783:
777:
763:
756:
744:
737:
725:
718:
706:
699:
684:
672:
665:
653:
646:
621:
615:
609:
603:
597:
591:
585:
579:
280:
270:
248:
70:29 December 2003, with the death of Maria Sergina
1755:, which is added to the weak grade of the stem:
301:. Formerly erroneously regarded as a dialect of
227:, also referred to, particularly in Russia, as
1931:. In Grünthal, Riho; Kovács, Magdolna (eds.).
1919:
1917:
1915:
1913:
1911:
2872:
2141:
316:Akkala Sámi was noted as extinct in the 2010
8:
575:The table below gives the declension of the
208:Akkala Sámi is classified as Extinct by the
3273:
3124:
3115:
3030:
2959:
2952:
2879:
2865:
2857:
2583:
2371:
2148:
2134:
2126:
200:
188:
29:
352:Sámi dialects and settlements in Russia:
2010:Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger
1782:
1544:
1393:
1242:
936:
790:
628:
347:
321:Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger
213:Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger
1926:"The Sámi Language Situation in Russia"
1907:
1886:‘to be’ have special contracted forms
7:
1751:The conditional mood has the marker
27:Extinct Uralic language from Russia
2842:Languages between parentheses are
25:
340:British and Foreign Bible Society
2356:
2108:
2095:. Петрозаводск: «Карелия», 1987.
1767:‘you (sg.) would become tired’.
788:‘who?’ are declined as follows:
547:in the singular, strong grade +
502:Dative-illative: strong grade +
1724:of the main verb. Examples are
1716:in the present or imperfect as
3526:Languages extinct in the 2000s
2846:of the language on their left.
529:in the singular, weak grade +
514:in the singular, weak grade +
293:), in the inland parts of the
1:
2029:(in Swedish). Archived from
1924:Scheller, Elizabeth (2011).
3521:Extinct languages of Europe
309:, and the two are somewhat
3542:
1871:
1857:
1843:
1829:
1815:
1801:
1685:
1678:
1664:
1657:
1643:
1636:
1622:
1615:
1601:
1594:
1580:
1573:
1534:
1527:
1513:
1506:
1492:
1485:
1471:
1464:
1450:
1443:
1429:
1422:
1383:
1376:
1362:
1355:
1341:
1334:
1320:
1313:
1299:
1292:
1278:
1271:
1193:
1186:
1179:
1172:
1160:
1153:
1146:
1139:
1127:
1120:
1113:
1106:
1094:
1087:
1080:
1073:
1058:
1048:
1036:
1029:
1022:
1015:
1003:
996:
989:
982:
921:
914:
902:
895:
883:
876:
864:
857:
845:
838:
826:
819:
764:
757:
745:
738:
726:
719:
707:
700:
685:
673:
666:
654:
647:
602:‘(s)he’ are declined like
281:
271:
249:
2828:
2354:
2163:
1710:are formed with the verb
951:
941:
939:
934:are declined as follows:
620:‘they’ are declined like
543:Comitative: weak grade +
286:
276:
258:
236:
199:
187:
72:4 passive speakers (2018)
3455:Guovdageainnu Lagasradio
2295:Siberian Ingrian Finnish
2166:List of Uralic languages
2024:"Nordisk samekonvensjon"
1990:Институт языкознания РАН
1702:Compound tenses such as
396:Sââʼrvesjäuʼrr (Russian
1974:(subscription required)
1894:
1888:
1882:
1786:
1776:
1763:
1757:
1744:
1738:
1732:
1726:
1712:
1548:
1397:
1246:
955:
945:
806:
798:
784:
778:
622:
616:
610:
604:
598:
592:
586:
580:
562:Abessive: weak grade +
521:Locative: weak grade +
3511:Eastern Sámi languages
3308:Sámi Dieđalaš Áigečála
1742:‘(s)he had made’ from
1235:mood has disappeared.
775:interrogative pronouns
429:Akkala Sámi has eight
405:
357: Akkala (Russian
290:
266:
351:
311:mutually intelligible
60:80 Akkala Sámi (2011)
2201:Northeastern coastal
2117:at Wikimedia Commons
2115:Akkala Sami language
1730:‘I have known’ from
18:Akkala Sámi language
3516:Languages of Russia
1791:
1553:
1402:
1251:
1011:Genitive-Accusative
834:Genitive-Accusative
662:Genitive-Accusative
590:‘we’. The pronouns
479:consonant gradation
435:singular and plural
380:Čuʼkksuâl (Russian
237:Бабинский саа́мский
2183:Bjarmian languages
1783:
1545:
1394:
1243:
406:
3493:
3492:
3489:
3488:
3398:
3397:
3263:
3262:
3173:Saǥai Muittalægje
3105:
3104:
3080:
3079:
3022:
3021:
2854:
2853:
2838:extinct languages
2649:
2648:
2527:Northwestern Mari
2462:
2461:
2113:Media related to
1972:(18th ed., 2015)
1942:978-952-5667-28-8
1878:
1877:
1699:
1698:
1692:
1691:
1541:
1540:
1390:
1389:
1200:
1199:
928:
927:
771:
770:
577:personal pronouns
222:
221:
16:(Redirected from
3533:
3274:
3125:
3116:
3031:
2960:
2953:
2881:
2874:
2867:
2858:
2714:
2700:
2584:
2493:
2372:
2360:
2283:Siberian Finnish
2229:
2157:Uralic languages
2150:
2143:
2136:
2127:
2112:
2096:
2089:
2083:
2082:
2080:
2079:
2070:. Archived from
2060:
2054:
2051:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2041:
2035:
2028:
2020:
2014:
2013:
2006:
2000:
1999:
1997:
1996:
1982:
1976:
1975:
1961:
1955:
1954:
1930:
1921:
1897:
1891:
1885:
1874:
1873:
1867:
1860:
1859:
1853:
1846:
1845:
1839:
1832:
1831:
1825:
1818:
1817:
1811:
1804:
1803:
1797:
1792:
1789:
1779:
1766:
1760:
1747:
1741:
1735:
1729:
1715:
1688:
1687:
1681:
1680:
1674:
1667:
1666:
1660:
1659:
1653:
1646:
1645:
1639:
1638:
1632:
1625:
1624:
1618:
1617:
1611:
1604:
1603:
1597:
1596:
1590:
1583:
1582:
1576:
1575:
1569:
1554:
1551:
1537:
1536:
1530:
1529:
1523:
1516:
1515:
1509:
1508:
1502:
1495:
1494:
1488:
1487:
1481:
1474:
1473:
1467:
1466:
1460:
1453:
1452:
1446:
1445:
1439:
1432:
1431:
1425:
1424:
1418:
1403:
1400:
1386:
1385:
1379:
1378:
1372:
1365:
1364:
1358:
1357:
1351:
1344:
1343:
1337:
1336:
1330:
1323:
1322:
1316:
1315:
1309:
1302:
1301:
1295:
1294:
1288:
1281:
1280:
1274:
1273:
1267:
1252:
1249:
1239:
1196:
1195:
1189:
1188:
1182:
1181:
1175:
1174:
1163:
1162:
1156:
1155:
1149:
1148:
1142:
1141:
1130:
1129:
1123:
1122:
1116:
1115:
1109:
1108:
1097:
1096:
1090:
1089:
1083:
1082:
1076:
1075:
1061:
1060:
1051:
1050:
1039:
1038:
1032:
1031:
1025:
1024:
1018:
1017:
1006:
1005:
999:
998:
992:
991:
985:
984:
958:
948:
937:
924:
923:
917:
916:
905:
904:
898:
897:
886:
885:
879:
878:
867:
866:
860:
859:
848:
847:
841:
840:
829:
828:
822:
821:
809:
801:
791:
787:
781:
767:
766:
760:
759:
748:
747:
741:
740:
729:
728:
722:
721:
710:
709:
703:
702:
688:
687:
676:
675:
669:
668:
657:
656:
650:
649:
629:
625:
619:
614:‘you (pl.)’ and
613:
607:
601:
596:‘you (sg.)’ and
595:
589:
583:
566:in the singular.
367:Aʼkkel (Russian
356:
288:
284:
283:
278:
274:
273:
260:
252:
251:
238:
216:
204:
192:
171:
155:
148:
128:
82:
30:
21:
3541:
3540:
3536:
3535:
3534:
3532:
3531:
3530:
3496:
3495:
3494:
3485:
3464:
3460:Kola Sámi Radio
3428:
3394:
3374:
3347:
3327:
3322:Sámi magasiidna
3259:
3232:
3212:
3200:Daerpies Dierie
3185:
3101:
3076:
3055:
3034:Central Western
3018:
2997:
2942:
2891:
2885:
2855:
2850:
2849:
2824:
2818:Proto-Samoyedic
2786:
2754:
2708:
2694:
2645:
2606:Southern Khanty
2601:Northern Khanty
2582:
2564:
2531:
2503:
2483:
2481:Shoksha dialect
2458:
2422:
2361:
2352:
2307:Karelian proper
2223:
2168:
2159:
2154:
2105:
2100:
2099:
2090:
2086:
2077:
2075:
2074:on July 1, 2023
2062:
2061:
2057:
2052:
2048:
2039:
2037:
2033:
2026:
2022:
2021:
2017:
2008:
2007:
2003:
1994:
1992:
1984:
1983:
1979:
1973:
1962:
1958:
1943:
1928:
1923:
1922:
1909:
1904:
1761:‘I would sew’,
1736:‘to know’, and
1700:
1205:
1069:Dative-illative
953:
943:
853:Dative-illative
696:Dative-illative
608:, the pronouns
573:
427:
421:pronunciation.
415:Uralic phonetic
411:
392:
385:
376:
363:
362:
354:
218:
217:
207:
195:
167:
151:
144:
129:
124:
118:
83:
80:Language family
78:
71:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3539:
3537:
3529:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3506:Sámi in Russia
3498:
3497:
3491:
3490:
3487:
3486:
3484:
3483:
3478:
3472:
3470:
3466:
3465:
3463:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3450:Yle Sámi Radio
3447:
3442:
3436:
3434:
3430:
3429:
3427:
3426:
3421:
3414:
3406:
3404:
3400:
3399:
3396:
3395:
3393:
3392:
3384:
3382:
3376:
3375:
3373:
3372:
3365:
3357:
3355:
3349:
3348:
3346:
3345:
3337:
3335:
3329:
3328:
3326:
3325:
3318:
3311:
3304:
3297:
3290:
3282:
3280:
3271:
3265:
3264:
3261:
3260:
3258:
3257:
3250:
3242:
3240:
3234:
3233:
3231:
3230:
3222:
3220:
3214:
3213:
3211:
3210:
3203:
3195:
3193:
3187:
3186:
3184:
3183:
3176:
3169:
3162:
3155:
3148:
3141:
3133:
3131:
3122:
3113:
3107:
3106:
3103:
3102:
3100:
3099:
3094:
3088:
3086:
3082:
3081:
3078:
3077:
3075:
3074:
3069:
3063:
3061:
3057:
3056:
3054:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3037:
3035:
3028:
3024:
3023:
3020:
3019:
3017:
3016:
3011:
3005:
3003:
2999:
2998:
2996:
2995:
2990:
2984:
2978:
2973:
2966:
2964:
2957:
2950:
2944:
2943:
2941:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2899:
2897:
2893:
2892:
2886:
2884:
2883:
2876:
2869:
2861:
2852:
2851:
2848:
2847:
2840:
2830:
2829:
2826:
2825:
2823:
2822:
2821:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2794:
2792:
2788:
2787:
2785:
2784:
2777:
2770:
2762:
2760:
2756:
2755:
2753:
2752:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2734:
2733:
2728:
2718:
2717:
2716:
2702:
2681:
2680:
2679:
2665:
2659:
2657:
2651:
2650:
2647:
2646:
2644:
2643:
2642:
2641:
2638:Southern Mansi
2634:
2627:
2620:
2618:Northern Mansi
2610:
2609:
2608:
2603:
2592:
2590:
2581:
2580:
2574:
2572:
2566:
2565:
2563:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2541:
2539:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2513:
2511:
2505:
2504:
2502:
2501:
2496:
2495:
2494:
2472:
2470:
2464:
2463:
2460:
2459:
2457:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2430:
2428:
2424:
2423:
2421:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2398:
2391:
2386:
2378:
2376:
2369:
2363:
2362:
2355:
2353:
2351:
2350:
2349:
2348:
2343:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2320:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2299:
2298:
2297:
2287:
2286:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2260:
2259:
2258:
2257:
2256:
2249:
2242:
2235:
2230:
2218:
2213:
2206:South Estonian
2203:
2198:
2186:
2178:
2176:
2170:
2169:
2164:
2161:
2160:
2155:
2153:
2152:
2145:
2138:
2130:
2124:
2123:
2118:
2104:
2103:External links
2101:
2098:
2097:
2091:Зайков, П. М.
2084:
2068:rosstat.gov.ru
2055:
2046:
2015:
2001:
1977:
1956:
1941:
1906:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1876:
1875:
1868:
1862:
1861:
1854:
1848:
1847:
1840:
1834:
1833:
1826:
1820:
1819:
1812:
1806:
1805:
1798:
1727:ĺam tĭĕhtmi̮nč
1697:
1696:
1690:
1689:
1682:
1675:
1669:
1668:
1661:
1654:
1648:
1647:
1640:
1633:
1627:
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1619:
1612:
1606:
1605:
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1503:
1497:
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1475:
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1461:
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1419:
1413:
1412:
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1391:
1388:
1387:
1380:
1373:
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1366:
1359:
1352:
1346:
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1338:
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1325:
1324:
1317:
1310:
1304:
1303:
1296:
1289:
1283:
1282:
1275:
1268:
1262:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1237:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1197:
1190:
1183:
1176:
1169:
1165:
1164:
1157:
1150:
1143:
1136:
1132:
1131:
1124:
1117:
1110:
1103:
1099:
1098:
1091:
1084:
1077:
1070:
1066:
1065:
1062:
1055:
1052:
1045:
1041:
1040:
1033:
1026:
1019:
1012:
1008:
1007:
1000:
993:
986:
979:
975:
974:
971:
968:
965:
961:
960:
950:
940:
932:demonstratives
926:
925:
918:
911:
907:
906:
899:
892:
888:
887:
880:
873:
869:
868:
861:
854:
850:
849:
842:
835:
831:
830:
823:
816:
812:
811:
803:
795:
769:
768:
761:
754:
750:
749:
742:
735:
731:
730:
723:
716:
712:
711:
704:
697:
693:
692:
689:
682:
678:
677:
670:
663:
659:
658:
651:
644:
640:
639:
636:
633:
572:
569:
568:
567:
560:
559:in the plural.
541:
534:
533:in the plural.
519:
518:in the plural.
500:
493:
492:in the plural.
486:
426:
423:
410:
407:
353:
295:Kola Peninsula
282:Sââʼrvesjäuʼrr
243:spoken in the
220:
219:
206:
205:
197:
196:
193:
185:
184:
179:
173:
172:
165:
157:
156:
149:
141:
140:
139:Language codes
136:
135:
130:
126:Writing system
123:
120:
119:
117:
116:
115:
114:
113:
112:
111:
110:
86:
84:
77:
74:
73:
68:
62:
61:
58:
54:
53:
51:Kola Peninsula
47:
43:
42:
39:
38:Native to
35:
34:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3538:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3503:
3501:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3473:
3471:
3467:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3437:
3435:
3431:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3419:
3415:
3413:
3412:
3408:
3407:
3405:
3401:
3391:
3390:
3386:
3385:
3383:
3381:
3377:
3371:
3370:
3366:
3364:
3363:
3359:
3358:
3356:
3354:
3350:
3344:
3343:
3339:
3338:
3336:
3334:
3330:
3324:
3323:
3319:
3317:
3316:
3312:
3310:
3309:
3305:
3303:
3302:
3298:
3296:
3295:
3291:
3289:
3288:
3284:
3283:
3281:
3279:
3278:Northern Sámi
3275:
3272:
3270:
3266:
3256:
3255:
3251:
3249:
3248:
3244:
3243:
3241:
3239:
3235:
3229:
3228:
3224:
3223:
3221:
3219:
3215:
3209:
3208:
3204:
3202:
3201:
3197:
3196:
3194:
3192:
3191:Southern Sámi
3188:
3182:
3181:
3177:
3175:
3174:
3170:
3168:
3167:
3163:
3161:
3160:
3156:
3154:
3153:
3149:
3147:
3146:
3142:
3140:
3139:
3135:
3134:
3132:
3130:
3129:Northern Sámi
3126:
3123:
3121:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3108:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3089:
3087:
3083:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3067:Southern Sámi
3065:
3064:
3062:
3058:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3046:Northern Sámi
3044:
3042:
3039:
3038:
3036:
3032:
3029:
3025:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3006:
3004:
3000:
2994:
2991:
2988:
2985:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2971:
2968:
2967:
2965:
2961:
2958:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2945:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2900:
2898:
2894:
2890:
2882:
2877:
2875:
2870:
2868:
2863:
2862:
2859:
2845:
2841:
2839:
2835:
2832:
2831:
2827:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2800:
2799:
2796:
2795:
2793:
2791:Reconstructed
2789:
2783:
2782:
2778:
2776:
2775:
2771:
2769:
2768:
2764:
2763:
2761:
2757:
2751:
2750:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2732:
2731:Tundra Nenets
2729:
2727:
2726:Forest Nenets
2724:
2723:
2722:
2719:
2715:
2712:
2707:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2693:
2689:
2688:
2687:
2686:
2682:
2678:
2677:
2673:
2672:
2671:
2670:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2660:
2658:
2656:
2652:
2640:
2639:
2635:
2633:
2632:
2631:Eastern Mansi
2628:
2626:
2625:
2624:Western Mansi
2621:
2619:
2616:
2615:
2614:
2611:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2597:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2589:
2585:
2579:
2576:
2575:
2573:
2571:
2567:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2538:
2534:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2514:
2512:
2510:
2506:
2500:
2497:
2491:
2487:
2482:
2479:
2478:
2477:
2474:
2473:
2471:
2469:
2465:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2431:
2429:
2425:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2403:
2399:
2397:
2396:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2384:
2380:
2379:
2377:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2364:
2359:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2341:
2337:
2336:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2304:
2303:
2300:
2296:
2293:
2292:
2291:
2288:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2265:
2264:
2261:
2255:
2254:
2250:
2248:
2247:
2243:
2241:
2240:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2227:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2208:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2196:
2195:Laiuse Romani
2192:
2191:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2184:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2175:
2171:
2167:
2162:
2158:
2151:
2146:
2144:
2139:
2137:
2132:
2131:
2128:
2122:
2119:
2116:
2111:
2107:
2106:
2102:
2094:
2088:
2085:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2059:
2056:
2050:
2047:
2036:on 2007-04-11
2032:
2025:
2019:
2016:
2011:
2005:
2002:
1991:
1987:
1981:
1978:
1971:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1957:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1938:
1934:
1927:
1920:
1918:
1916:
1914:
1912:
1908:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1890:
1884:
1869:
1864:
1863:
1855:
1850:
1849:
1841:
1836:
1835:
1827:
1822:
1821:
1813:
1808:
1807:
1799:
1794:
1793:
1788:
1781:
1778:
1773:
1772:negative verb
1768:
1765:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1746:
1740:
1734:
1728:
1723:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1705:
1695:
1683:
1676:
1671:
1670:
1662:
1655:
1650:
1649:
1641:
1634:
1629:
1628:
1620:
1613:
1608:
1607:
1599:
1592:
1587:
1586:
1578:
1571:
1566:
1565:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1555:
1550:
1543:
1532:
1525:
1520:
1519:
1511:
1504:
1499:
1498:
1490:
1483:
1478:
1477:
1469:
1462:
1457:
1456:
1448:
1441:
1436:
1435:
1427:
1420:
1415:
1414:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1404:
1399:
1392:
1381:
1374:
1369:
1368:
1360:
1353:
1348:
1347:
1339:
1332:
1327:
1326:
1318:
1311:
1306:
1305:
1297:
1290:
1285:
1284:
1276:
1269:
1264:
1263:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1253:
1248:
1241:
1240:
1236:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1202:
1191:
1184:
1177:
1170:
1167:
1166:
1158:
1151:
1144:
1137:
1134:
1133:
1125:
1118:
1111:
1104:
1101:
1100:
1092:
1085:
1078:
1071:
1068:
1067:
1063:
1056:
1053:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1034:
1027:
1020:
1013:
1010:
1009:
1001:
994:
987:
980:
977:
976:
972:
969:
966:
963:
962:
957:
947:
938:
935:
933:
919:
912:
909:
908:
900:
893:
890:
889:
881:
874:
871:
870:
862:
855:
852:
851:
843:
836:
833:
832:
824:
817:
814:
813:
808:
804:
800:
796:
793:
792:
789:
786:
780:
776:
762:
755:
752:
751:
743:
736:
733:
732:
724:
717:
714:
713:
705:
698:
695:
694:
690:
683:
680:
679:
671:
664:
661:
660:
652:
645:
642:
641:
637:
634:
631:
630:
627:
624:
618:
612:
606:
600:
594:
588:
582:
578:
570:
565:
561:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
539:
535:
532:
528:
524:
520:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
498:
494:
491:
487:
484:
483:
482:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
424:
422:
420:
416:
408:
403:
399:
395:
391:
388:
383:
379:
374:
370:
366:
360:
350:
346:
343:
341:
337:
333:
328:
326:
322:
319:
314:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
268:
264:
256:
246:
245:Sámi villages
242:
241:Sámi language
234:
230:
226:
214:
211:
203:
198:
191:
186:
183:
180:
178:
174:
170:
166:
164:
163:
158:
154:
150:
147:
142:
137:
134:
131:
127:
121:
109:
106:
105:
104:
101:
100:
99:
96:
95:
94:
91:
90:
89:
85:
81:
75:
69:
67:
63:
59:
55:
52:
48:
44:
40:
36:
31:
19:
3416:
3409:
3387:
3367:
3360:
3340:
3320:
3313:
3306:
3299:
3292:
3285:
3254:Waren Sardne
3252:
3245:
3225:
3205:
3198:
3178:
3171:
3166:Nuorttanaste
3164:
3157:
3150:
3143:
3136:
3060:Southwestern
2969:
2833:
2808:Proto-Finnic
2798:Proto-Uralic
2779:
2772:
2765:
2747:
2704:
2690:
2683:
2674:
2667:
2636:
2629:
2622:
2555:Komi-Permyak
2427:Western Sámi
2400:
2393:
2382:
2381:
2375:Eastern Sámi
2338:
2251:
2244:
2237:
2193:
2181:
2092:
2087:
2076:. Retrieved
2072:the original
2067:
2058:
2049:
2038:. Retrieved
2031:the original
2018:
2004:
1993:. Retrieved
1989:
1980:
1967:
1959:
1932:
1879:
1780:‘to begin’:
1769:
1752:
1750:
1739:ĺai tui̭jāma
1701:
1693:
1356:va͕nˑćepˑpˑe
1207:Akkala Sámi
1206:
929:
782:‘what?’ and
772:
574:
563:
556:
552:
548:
544:
537:
530:
526:
522:
515:
511:
507:
503:
496:
489:
428:
412:
401:
397:
393:
386:
381:
377:
372:
368:
364:
358:
344:
329:
315:
277:Экостровский
228:
224:
223:
182:Akkala Saami
160:
107:
3424:Yle Ođđasat
3092:Borgarmålet
3009:Kildin Sámi
2981:Kainuu Sámi
2970:Akkala Sámi
2774:Meshcherian
2709: [
2695: [
2522:Meadow Mari
2484: [
2224: [
1964:Akkala Sámi
1858:jepˑpˑe aĺg
1790:‘to begin’
1748:‘to make’.
1229:conditional
1211:have three
402:Hirvasjärvi
398:Girvasozero
382:Ekostrovsky
303:Kildin Sámi
291:Hirvasjärvi
289:; Finnish:
287:Гирвасозеро
225:Akkala Sámi
108:Akkala Sámi
33:Akkala Sámi
3500:Categories
3445:Sameradion
3418:Unna Junná
3403:Television
3389:Samefolket
3227:Sääʹmođđâz
3218:Skolt Sámi
3207:Snåsningen
3159:Muitalægje
3120:Newspapers
3097:Russenorsk
3002:Peninsular
2993:Skolt Sámi
2976:Inari Sámi
2813:Proto-Sámi
2550:Komi-Yazva
2078:2023-01-03
2040:2014-02-07
1995:2024-09-10
1969:Ethnologue
1902:References
1722:participle
1720:, and the
1708:pluperfect
1562:Imperfect
1507:korrɛpˑpˑe
1411:Imperfect
1401:‘to knit’
1335:va͕n̄ˑćepˑ
1260:Imperfect
1250:‘to walk’
1225:imperative
1221:indicative
1135:Comitative
1088:ti̮k, ti̮z
978:Nominative
891:Comitative
815:Nominative
746:mii̭jivuim
734:Comitative
643:Nominative
471:comitative
447:accusative
439:nominative
409:Morphology
400:, Finnish
371:, Finnish
336:morphology
307:Skolt Sámi
285:(Russian:
275:(Russian:
229:Babin Sámi
49:Southwest
3440:NRK Sápmi
3333:Lule Sámi
3269:Magazines
3238:Norwegian
3180:Sámi Áigi
3051:Pite Sámi
3041:Lule Sámi
2987:Kemi Sámi
2948:Languages
2913:Languages
2844:varieties
2836:indicate
2655:Samoyedic
2578:Hungarian
2517:Hill Mari
2468:Mordvinic
2340:Krevinian
2278:Meänkieli
2268:Fingelska
1951:755168782
1718:auxiliary
1377:vā͕nˑʒatˑ
1279:va͕n̄ˑcim
1233:potential
1161:ti̮i̭vuim
1147:tˑa͕ivuim
846:t́an, ḱan
635:Singular
451:partitive
332:phonology
272:Čuʼkksuâl
259:Бабинский
239:), was a
162:Glottolog
146:ISO 639-3
57:Ethnicity
3481:SR Sápmi
3315:Sápmelaš
3152:Min Áigi
3072:Ume Sámi
3014:Ter Sámi
2963:Mainland
2928:Politics
2908:Religion
2803:homeland
2781:Muromian
2738:Nganasan
2588:Ob-Ugric
2449:Southern
2439:Northern
2324:Livonian
2302:Karelian
2189:Estonian
1872:jetˑ aĺg
1844:jepˑ aĺg
1559:Present
1552:‘to be’
1408:Present
1384:van̄ˑciš
1363:vānˑʒitˑ
1300:vā͕nˑcik
1257:Present
1247:va͕n̄ˑće
1168:Abessive
1128:ti̮i̼(n)
1102:Locative
1095:ti̮i̭(t)
970:Singular
964:Singular
942:proximal
910:Abessive
872:Locative
802:‘what?’
753:Abessive
715:Locative
701:munˑnˑa͔
584:‘I’ and
475:abessive
463:locative
459:illative
443:genitive
419:semisoft
369:Babinsky
359:Babinsky
169:akka1237
133:Cyrillic
103:Mainland
3411:Ođđasat
3380:Swedish
3353:English
3027:Western
2956:Eastern
2903:History
2896:General
2834:Italics
2706:Karagas
2346:Kukkuzi
2290:Ingrian
2263:Finnish
2246:Kraasna
1816:jik aĺg
1802:jim aĺg
1764:vizzčik
1758:kuarčim
1733:tĭĕhttɛ
1704:perfect
1686:ĺii̭jiš
1658:ĺepˑpˑe
1581:ĺii̭jim
1535:korri͔š
1514:kōri͔tˑ
1486:korrɛpˑ
1451:korri͔k
1430:korri͔m
1342:vānˑʒim
1314:va͕n̄ˑc
1293:va͕nʒak
1272:vā͕nʒam
1213:persons
1194:ti̮i̭ta
1180:tˑa͕ita
1154:ti̮i̭nˑ
1140:tˑa͕inˑ
1107:tˑa͕śtˑ
1081:tˑai(t)
1059:ti̮i̭nˑ
1049:tˑa͕inˑ
973:Plural
967:Plural
959:‘that’
949:‘this’
896:mi̮i̭nˑ
827:tˑī, kī
810:‘who?’
807:tˑī, kī
794:
785:tˑī, kī
638:Plural
632:
571:Pronoun
557:-vi̮i̭m
263:Finnish
255:Russian
233:Russian
98:Eastern
66:Extinct
3476:Kierâš
3469:Online
3342:Bårjås
3287:Dieđut
3085:Pidgin
2759:Others
2749:Yurats
2743:Selkup
2721:Nenets
2676:Koibal
2596:Khanty
2560:Udmurt
2537:Permic
2499:Moksha
2408:Kildin
2395:Kainuu
2383:Akkala
2174:Finnic
1949:
1939:
1883:ĺii̭je
1830:ij aĺg
1745:tui̭je
1713:ĺii̭je
1694:
1665:ĺījitˑ
1602:ĺiijik
1528:kōratˑ
1493:kōri͔m
1321:vānˑʒi
1231:; the
1173:tˑa͕ta
1121:ti̮śtˑ
1114:tˑa͕in
1044:Essive
1016:tˑa͕nˑ
952:medial
915:mi̮nta
765:mii̭ta
708:mii̭ji
681:Essive
674:mii̭ji
467:essive
455:dative
373:Akkala
355:
318:UNESCO
299:Russia
279:) and
267:Akkala
250:Aʼkkel
215:(2010)
210:UNESCO
88:Uralic
46:Region
41:Russia
3433:Radio
3369:Báiki
3362:Árran
3247:Ságat
3145:Ávvir
3111:Media
2933:Sápmi
2923:Music
2918:Media
2767:Merya
2713:]
2699:]
2692:Taygi
2685:Mator
2669:Kamas
2663:Enets
2613:Mansi
2570:Ugric
2492:]
2476:Erzya
2413:Skolt
2389:Inari
2334:Votic
2317:Ludic
2312:Livvi
2253:Leivu
2239:Ludza
2233:Tartu
2228:]
2221:Mulgi
2034:(PDF)
2027:(PDF)
1929:(PDF)
1787:aĺ̄ḱe
1784:verb
1777:aĺ̄ḱe
1644:ĺījim
1549:ĺiije
1546:verb
1472:kōri͔
1444:kōrak
1423:kōram
1398:korrɛ
1395:verb
1244:verb
1217:moods
1209:verbs
1187:ti̮ta
1074:tˑa͕z
1037:ti̮i̭
1023:tˑa͕i
990:tˑa͕k
983:tˑa͕t
946:tˑa͕t
922:ḱanta
903:ḱainˑ
884:kośtˑ
877:mi̮st
739:muinˑ
727:miśtˑ
720:muśtˑ
553:-vuim
549:-guim
497:-tti͔
431:cases
3294:Gába
3138:Áššu
2889:Sámi
2887:The
2545:Komi
2509:Mari
2444:Pite
2434:Lule
2402:Kemi
2367:Sámi
2329:Veps
2273:Kven
2216:Võro
2211:Seto
1947:OCLC
1937:ISBN
1895:jāĺa
1892:and
1889:ɛĺĺa
1706:and
1679:ĺetˑ
1637:ĺepˑ
1465:korr
1227:and
1203:Verb
1030:ti̮n
1004:ti̮k
997:ti̮t
956:ti̮t
930:The
858:mi̮z
839:mi̮n
773:The
758:muta
686:munˑ
648:monn
605:monn
599:sonn
593:tonn
581:monn
527:-śtˑ
473:and
425:Noun
390:Yona
334:and
325:Yona
269:),
93:Sámi
2938:ČSV
2454:Ume
2418:Ter
1966:at
1866:3PL
1852:2PL
1838:1PL
1824:3SG
1810:2SG
1796:1SG
1673:3PL
1652:2PL
1631:1PL
1623:ĺai
1616:ĺie
1610:3SG
1595:ĺak
1589:2SG
1574:ĺam
1568:1SG
1522:3PL
1501:2PL
1480:1PL
1459:3SG
1438:2SG
1417:1SG
1371:3PL
1350:2PL
1329:1PL
1308:3SG
1287:2SG
1266:1SG
865:koz
655:mij
623:mij
617:sij
611:tij
587:mij
564:-ta
555:or
545:-nˑ
538:-nˑ
531:-nˑ
523:-st
510:or
508:-a͕
394:A-4
387:A-3
378:A-2
365:A-1
297:in
247:of
177:ELP
153:sia
3502::
2711:ru
2697:ru
2490:ru
2488:;
2486:de
2226:et
2066:.
1988:.
1945:.
1910:^
1898:.
1753:-č
1223:,
1219::
1064:—
820:mī
799:mī
779:mī
691:—
667:mū
626:.
551:,
525:,
516:-i
512:-ɛ
506:,
504:-a
490:-i
481::
469:,
465:,
461:,
453:,
449:,
441:,
437::
433:,
342:.
327:.
313:.
265::
261:;
257::
235::
3301:Š
2989:†
2983:†
2972:†
2880:e
2873:t
2866:v
2149:e
2142:t
2135:v
2081:.
2043:.
1998:.
1953:.
1054:—
540:.
499:.
457:-
445:-
404:)
384:)
375:)
361:)
253:(
231:(
20:)
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