350:(non-Arab clients or freedmen). Al-Walid informed Husayn of Mu'awiya's death and demanded the oath of allegiance to Yazid. Husayn suggested his recognition of Yazid, to be legitimate, should be made in public, to which al-Walid agreed. Instead, al-Husayn managed to delay his public recognition for two days, allowing him to escape to Mecca. Marwan ibn al-Hakam pressed al-Walid to respond with force, but al-Walid was not willing to take violent measures against Husayn as he was a grandson of the Islamic prophet
267:
374:, in an apparent ploy, Ibn al-Zubayr subsequently sent a letter to Yazid in which he referred to al-Walid as a "stupid man who does not direct us to a straightforward situation" and suggested he should appoint a more amiable governor that Ibn al-Zubayr would in turn cooperate with. Yazid agreed and appointed al-Walid's cousin
344:, all of whom had earlier refused to recognize Mu'awiya's nomination of Yazid. Accordingly, al-Walid invited Husayn and Ibn al-Zubayr to the governor's palace in Medina, which aroused both of their suspicions; Ibn al-Zubayr fled to Mecca, while Husayn agreed to meet al-Walid accompanied by his retinue of clansmen and
409:
tribe, sent a letter condemning Ibn al-Zubayr and proclaiming support for continued
Umayyad rule with one of his tribesmen, a certain Naghida or Na'isa, for al-Dahhak to read during the Friday prayers. When al-Dahhak refused to publicly read the letter, Naghida read it aloud, for which he was
361:
Al-Walid was reappointed governor of Medina at the beginning of the Hajj on 21 August 681. He led the Hajj that year and the next year, in August 682. Al-Walid was unsuccessful in his efforts to subdue Ibn al-Zubayr, who had launched a revolt against the
Umayyads from his base in Mecca. While
317:(died 823), Mu'awiya appointed al-Walid governor of Medina in September/October 677, while according to another 8th-century historian Abu Mash'ar, he was appointed in August/September 678. He replaced his Umayyad cousin,
655:
The
History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume XX: The Collapse of Sufyānid Authority and the Coming of the Marwānids: The Caliphates of Muʿāwiyah II and Marwān I and the Beginning of the Caliphate of ʿAbd al-Malik, A.D. 683–685/A.H.
389:, in 683 and 684 left a leadership void in Syria and precipitated the collapse of Umayyad authority throughout the caliphate. Al-Walid had led the funeral prayers for Mu'awiya II. The Umayyads' governor in
354:. Meanwhile, al-Walid had sent horsemen to pursue Ibn al-Zubayr, but they were unable to reach him. Al-Walid's lax approach led to his dismissal by Yazid in June 680 and replacement by another Umayyad,
418:
and Abd Allah and their maternal kinsmen from the Banu Kalb. The eldest surviving
Sufyanid, al-Walid may have intended to claim the mantle of succession, but died, possibly of plague, in 684.
385:, where Mecca and Medina are located, were expelled and relocated to Syria as the rebellion against Umayyad rule escalated. The successive deaths of Yazid and his son and successor, Caliph
397:, secretly supported Ibn al-Zubayr's suzerainty, but withheld openly recognizing him due to the strong presence of the Umayyads and their supporters in the city and vicinity of
723:
325:(died 892), al-Walid had a reputation for drinking and was involved in intra-dynastic disputes over power in the caliphate from the beginning of his career.
332:, as successor in a move unprecedented in Islamic history. When Yazid acceded in 680, he charged al-Walid with securing the oaths of allegiance to him from
410:
censured by al-Dahhak. Al-Walid then openly declared his support for
Naghida's statement and was followed by members of the Banu Kalb and the
709:
685:
664:
639:
854:
231:
844:
816:
375:
121:
341:
839:
604:
246:, he was imprisoned in 684 for proclaiming his support for continued Umayyad rule and condemning the anti-Umayyad caliph
367:
394:
744:
625:
362:
al-Walid led the Hajj on behalf of the
Umayyad authorities in 682, Ibn al-Zubayr led his own followers, as did the
612:
234:
in 677/78–680 and 681–682. He was dismissed during his first term for failing to secure oaths of allegiance from
849:
701:
The
History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume XVIII: Between Civil Wars: The Caliphate of Muʿāwiyah, 661–680 A.D./A.H. 40–60
600:
337:
247:
731:
719:
834:
677:
The
History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume XIX: The Caliphate of Yazīd ibn Muʿāwiyah, A.D. 680–683/A.H. 60–64
283:
177:
321:. He led the Hajj again in September 678. According to the accounts of the early Muslim historian
783:
616:
33:
754:
705:
695:
681:
660:
635:
333:
298:
271:
205:
704:. SUNY Series in Near Eastern Studies. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press.
680:. SUNY Series in Near Eastern Studies. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press.
659:. SUNY Series in Near Eastern Studies. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press.
415:
266:
251:
279:
201:
193:
414:
who were in attendance. Al-Walid was imprisoned by al-Dahhak, but freed by Yazid's sons
739:
735:
620:
608:
386:
238:
and other senior Muslim figures who opposed Yazid's accession. After his relocation to
235:
828:
727:
649:
302:
287:
209:
54:
390:
322:
243:
699:
675:
158:
411:
402:
758:
793:
406:
371:
355:
314:
255:
78:
776:
398:
363:
351:
318:
239:
66:
329:
220:
99:
653:
346:
382:
310:
265:
140:
306:
270:
Genealogical tree of the
Sufyanids, the ruling family of the
204:
ruling family member and statesman during the reigns of the
313:
in
October 676. According to the early Muslim historian
370:. According to the accounts recorded in the history of
173:
165:
154:
146:
136:
131:
115:
105:
95:
72:
60:
50:
32:
21:
574:
572:
562:
560:
507:
505:
495:
493:
491:
489:
487:
16:Governor of Medina (677/78–680) and (681–682)
8:
550:
548:
546:
544:
250:. He was freed shortly after by his kinsman
432:
430:
765:
745:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
626:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
18:
753:. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 607–615.
634:. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 268–269.
426:
286:and thus a paternal nephew of Caliph
7:
724:"(Al-)Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib"
197:
817:Uthman ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Sufyan
376:Uthman ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Sufyan
122:Uthman ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Sufyan
14:
190:Al-Walīd ibn ʿUtba ibn Abī Sufyān
328:Mu'awiya nominated his own son,
23:Al-Walid ibn Utba ibn Abi Sufyan
292:
230:). He served two stints as the
225:
214:
674:Howard, I. K. A., ed. (1990).
405:, a leader of the pro-Umayyad
1:
305:. He may have led the annual
274:, to which al-Walid belonged.
855:Umayyad governors of Medina
395:al-Dahhak ibn Qays al-Fihri
198:الوليد بن عتبة بن أبي سفيان
871:
845:People of the Second Fitna
436:Howard 1990, p. 2, note 8.
378:in his place as governor.
813:
806:
800:
790:
781:
773:
768:
472:Morony 1987, pp. 191–192.
368:Najda ibn 'Amir al-Hanafi
278:Al-Walid belonged to the
183:
127:
84:
39:
28:
566:Hawting 1989, pp. 49–51.
840:7th-century Arab people
803:Amr ibn Sa'id ibn al-As
794:Amr ibn Sa'id ibn al-As
356:Amr ibn Sa'id ibn al-As
338:Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr
248:Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr
578:Bosworth 1993, p. 268.
511:Vaglieri 1971, p. 608.
499:Vaglieri 1971, p. 607.
275:
520:Howard 1990, pp. 6–7.
269:
587:Hawting 1989, p. 52.
554:Howard 1990, p. 197.
538:Howard 1990, p. 188.
481:Morony 1987, p. 198.
463:Morony 1987, p. 192.
454:Morony 1987, p. 191.
445:Morony 1987, p. 183.
381:The Umayyads of the
254:and the pro-Umayyad
200:) (died 684) was an
808:Governor of Medina
777:Marwan ibn al-Hakam
720:Vaglieri, L. Veccia
529:Howard 1990, p. 10.
319:Marwan ibn al-Hakam
284:Utba ibn Abi Sufyan
178:Utba ibn Abi Sufyan
784:Governor of Medina
769:Political offices
696:Morony, Michael G.
342:Abd Allah ibn Umar
297:), founder of the
276:
232:governor of Medina
34:Governor of Medina
823:
822:
814:Succeeded by
791:Succeeded by
788:677/78–680
711:978-0-87395-933-9
687:978-0-7914-0040-1
666:978-0-88706-855-3
641:978-90-04-09419-2
334:al-Husayn ibn Ali
299:Umayyad Caliphate
282:and was a son of
272:Umayyad Caliphate
187:
186:
862:
801:Preceded by
774:Preceded by
766:
762:
715:
691:
670:
645:
617:Heinrichs, W. P.
588:
585:
579:
576:
567:
564:
555:
552:
539:
536:
530:
527:
521:
518:
512:
509:
500:
497:
482:
479:
473:
470:
464:
461:
455:
452:
446:
443:
437:
434:
296:
294:
252:Khalid ibn Yazid
229:
227:
218:
216:
199:
132:Personal details
118:
108:
89:
75:
63:
44:
19:
870:
869:
865:
864:
863:
861:
860:
859:
850:Umayyad dynasty
825:
824:
819:
810:
804:
796:
787:
779:
718:
712:
694:
688:
673:
667:
648:
642:
609:Bosworth, C. E.
599:
596:
591:
586:
582:
577:
570:
565:
558:
553:
542:
537:
533:
528:
524:
519:
515:
510:
503:
498:
485:
480:
476:
471:
467:
462:
458:
453:
449:
444:
440:
435:
428:
424:
291:
264:
224:
213:
116:
106:
90:
85:
73:
61:
45:
40:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
868:
866:
858:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
827:
826:
821:
820:
815:
812:
811:681–682
805:
802:
798:
797:
792:
789:
780:
775:
771:
770:
764:
763:
716:
710:
698:, ed. (1987).
692:
686:
671:
665:
652:, ed. (1989).
650:Hawting, G. R.
646:
640:
613:van Donzel, E.
601:Bosworth, C.E.
595:
592:
590:
589:
580:
568:
556:
540:
531:
522:
513:
501:
483:
474:
465:
456:
447:
438:
425:
423:
420:
309:pilgrimage to
295: 661–680
263:
260:
236:Husayn ibn Ali
228: 680–683
217: 661–680
185:
184:
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156:
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138:
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125:
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102:
97:
93:
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82:
81:
76:
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69:
64:
58:
57:
52:
48:
47:
37:
36:
30:
29:
26:
25:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
867:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
832:
830:
818:
809:
799:
795:
786:
785:
778:
772:
767:
760:
756:
752:
748:
746:
741:
737:
733:
732:Ménage, V. L.
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
707:
703:
702:
697:
693:
689:
683:
679:
678:
672:
668:
662:
658:
657:
651:
647:
643:
637:
633:
629:
627:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
605:"Muʿāwiya II"
602:
598:
597:
593:
584:
581:
575:
573:
569:
563:
561:
557:
551:
549:
547:
545:
541:
535:
532:
526:
523:
517:
514:
508:
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502:
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484:
478:
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469:
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460:
457:
451:
448:
442:
439:
433:
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427:
421:
419:
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404:
400:
396:
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388:
384:
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377:
373:
369:
365:
359:
357:
353:
349:
348:
343:
339:
335:
331:
326:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
289:
285:
281:
273:
268:
261:
259:
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237:
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211:
207:
203:
195:
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182:
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160:
157:
153:
149:
145:
142:
139:
135:
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126:
123:
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114:
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104:
101:
98:
94:
88:
83:
80:
77:
71:
68:
65:
59:
56:
53:
49:
43:
38:
35:
31:
27:
20:
807:
782:
750:
743:
700:
676:
654:
631:
624:
594:Bibliography
583:
534:
525:
516:
477:
468:
459:
450:
441:
380:
360:
345:
327:
323:al-Baladhuri
301:centered in
280:Umayyad clan
277:
244:Second Fitna
189:
188:
117:Succeeded by
86:
74:Succeeded by
41:
749:Volume III:
740:Schacht, J.
736:Pellat, Ch.
630:Volume VII:
621:Pellat, Ch.
387:Mu'awiya II
242:during the
159:Banu Umayya
107:Preceded by
62:Preceded by
835:684 deaths
829:Categories
422:References
412:Ghassanids
403:Ibn Bahdal
288:Mu'awiya I
210:Mu'awiya I
55:Mu'awiya I
46:677/78–680
759:495469525
728:Lewis, B.
407:Banu Kalb
372:al-Tabari
364:Kharijite
315:al-Waqidi
256:Banu Kalb
155:Relations
111:Al-Ashdaq
87:In office
79:Al-Ashdaq
42:In office
742:(eds.).
722:(1971).
623:(eds.).
603:(1993).
399:Damascus
391:Damascus
352:Muhammad
240:Damascus
208:caliphs
169:Al-Qasim
166:Children
67:Marwan I
632:Mif–Naz
366:leader
330:Yazid I
258:tribe.
221:Yazid I
206:Umayyad
202:Umayyad
100:Yazid I
96:Monarch
91:681–682
51:Monarch
757:
751:H–Iram
738:&
708:
684:
663:
638:
619:&
416:Khalid
347:mawali
219:) and
194:Arabic
174:Parent
161:(clan)
726:. In
656:64–66
607:. In
383:Hejaz
311:Mecca
303:Syria
141:Mecca
755:OCLC
706:ISBN
682:ISBN
661:ISBN
636:ISBN
340:and
307:Hajj
262:Life
147:Died
137:Born
150:684
831::
747:.
734:;
730:;
628:.
615:;
611:;
571:^
559:^
543:^
504:^
486:^
429:^
401:.
393:,
358:.
336:,
293:r.
226:r.
215:r.
196::
761:.
714:.
690:.
669:.
644:.
290:(
223:(
212:(
192:(
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