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around 12% prior to entering college to about 32% by the end of sophomore year. In addition, 51% of students say that it is incredibly easy to obtain alcohol on and off campus. Fostering a campus culture that fights against binge drinking is another useful preventative method. According to a study done in 2006, 59% of incoming freshman enter college as non-drinkers. A little more than a month into the first semester, 44% of non-drinkers begin drinking. A way to combat the abuse of alcohol, especially among first year students who are not considered to be drinkers, is to create more spaces and events that do not include alcohol. Professionals can help students who might have drinking problems. Students can share why they drink when they should be studying. Whatever the reasons, the counselor can help them reduce or completely eliminate drinking. Counseling can prevent students from drinking by educating them about the risks and consequences of binge drinking on college campuses. While college counseling can be beneficial, it's essential to consider its advantages and disadvantages. Studies have shown that college counseling can help students with their drinking problems, but the effects may only be temporary. According to recent research by the
American Psychological Association, three out of four students may return to their previous level of drinking. Therefore, it's crucial to be aware of both the benefits and limitations of college counseling when dealing with alcohol-related issues among students. Additionally, it's equally essential for students to be mindful of the resources and support available to them through their college to address alcohol-related problems.
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minors with alcohol could also face severe consequences from being charged with a criminal offense to being arrested. Individual schools might also place their own sanctions on students who drink underage that can range from being on probation to expulsion. Many schools also have strict regulations as to having alcohol or consuming alcohol regardless of age in university owned housing. Doing so may result in warnings, probation, and ultimately removal from university owned housing and expulsion from university owned housing in the future.
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States with over 750,000 members which raises concerns for student college life at universities. A study showed that members who were part of a fraternity reported two or more symptoms of alcohol use disorder (AUD) at a rate of 45 for every 100 participants. This number was greater than other participants with the average around 31 per 100 participants. The same change was also seen in women who were part of a sorority with 26.4% of them having symptoms of AUD while close to 18% of other women felt the same effects.
179:
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205:(BAC) to 0.08 percent or above. BAC is the measure of alcohol in one's bloodstream; a BAC of 0.08, therefore, means that 0.08% of the bloodstream consists of alcohol. This is usually seen when men consume five or more drinks, and when women consume four or more drinks in a two-hour time period. Factors that can affect a person's BAC include body weight, biological sex, medications, the number of drinks consumed, and the time during which they have been consumed.
342:
posts on social media platforms made by important peers and social network members. There is a positive correlation between having a social network circle that presents more alcohol-related social media postings and the number of drinks that are consumed per week. This correlation also extends to a higher frequency of alcohol use and having more alcohol related consequences, especially among college students who use social media more than any other age group.
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36:
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429:, students have to pay a ticket of more than $ 250 and also pay for classes about the problems of drinking. Another major consequence is one's chances for college admission. If an individual has pictures on social media of them drinking or has a record with the police for underage drinking, this will cause a bad image of them and will cause issues when applying to schools.
397:, nausea and vomiting, unintentional injuries, increased risk of unplanned pregnancies and violent behavior. Each year, 1,825 college students die from alcohol-related unintentional injuries, including motor-vehicle crashes, 696,000 college students are assaulted by another student who has been drinking, and 97,000 college students report an alcohol-related
432:
Though not necessarily legal, college drinking has become so common that there are less legal consequences for students caught drinking as compared to non-campus drinking events. Students are encouraged to prioritize safe drinking over non-drinking. Many schools have transportation services that are
468:
Proactive screening for substance use is important for early intervention and education, given the reluctance of many young adults to seek help for these issues. Integrating substance use screening into routine assessments allows clinicians to identify individuals who may benefit from support in a
417:
The legal consequences stemming from underage drinking can have severe impacts on a student's life and career. Students who get caught drinking alcohol underage face various repercussions from loss of driver's license, fines, community service, or even jail time. For those of age who are supplying
228:
The
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism reported in 2012, that more than 80% of college students drink alcohol, with estimated 40% report binge drinking in the past two weeks, and about 25% report having academic consequences because of their drinking. 56% of students reported binge
441:
Alcohol use is involved in over half the sexual assault cases on college campuses. For the most part, it is the men being intoxicated that commit acts of sexual assault. In addition, sexual assaults involving alcohol tend to occur between a man and a woman that are not familiar to each other. The
336:
show advertisements for alcoholic beverages. These parties carry a stigma as everyone in the pictures and movies is seen to be having a great time. This encourages students, both in college and high school, to be more tempted to try alcohol or other substances as they too would like to be part of
208:
Most people younger than age 21 who drink alcohol report binge drinking. The rates of college students binge drinking in the United States have fluctuated for the past years. In college, over 50% of students take part in binge drinking, while 80% of college students report having consumed alcohol
459:
Offering campus counseling is one way to prevent students from developing long term consequences. Monitoring and prohibiting the use of fake IDs on or around campus is another way to prevent alcohol abuse amongst students. According to recent statistics, the ownership of a fake ID increased from
341:
conducted an analysis in 1997 which showed that a 28% reduction in alcohol advertising theoretically will reduce adolescent alcohol participation by 2–3% and participation in binge drinking from 12% to between 11%–8%. Another source of social media related influence originates in alcohol-related
306:
In 2001, there were 1,717 unintentional deaths from the consumption of alcohol or other substances, which raised concerns about the excessive use of alcohol. There are many causes of excessive drinking on college campuses. Many students report they felt peer pressured to consume large amounts of
256:
A survey taken of one national chapter proved that 97% of their members were drinkers, and 64% of them took part in binge drinking. This is higher than the usual college average of 80% drinkers and 50% binge drinkers. Currently there are over 12,000 fraternity or sorority chapters in the United
315:
Stressors could include academic stress, family and relationship stress etc. Penn State released a study that showed that the more daily stressors students have in their lives, the more likely students are to engage in alcohol. In the same study it was there was also a direct correlation with
307:
alcohol. Peer pressure may occur in multiple forms. One of the more indirect forms of peer pressure is social modelling. In this method, the more "popular" people from a group could be consuming alcohol, and pressure others to drink in excess to fit in and be part of the larger group.
232:
Individual and environmental factors for experiencing alcohol-related consequences have been identified such as drinking during high-risk periods, such as spring break, or belonging to specific student subgroups (e.g., Greek organizations). Drinking throughout
216:
Young adults who participate in binge drinking experience higher rates of physical and sexual assault, and unwanted, unplanned, and unprotected sexual activity. There are also links between heavy alcohol consumption and depression.
442:
very nature of being intoxicated from alcohol tends to make men feel more powerful and privileged, leading to an increase in risk that the man will sexually assault a woman. Furthermore, a professor from
780:
Bell, Steven, Jim Orford, and Annie
Britton. "Heavy Drinking Days and Mental Health: An Exploration of the Dynamic 10-year Longitudinal Relationship in a Prospective Cohort of Untreated Heavy Drinkers".
385:. As the frequency of binge drinking increases, the GPA decreases. Another study showed increased alcohol abuse directly links to poor motivation for school and poor academic performance.
2122:. Committee on Developing a Strategy to Reduce and Prevent Underage Drinking. Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2004.
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Recent research indicates that the abundance of alcohol retailers and the availability of inexpensive alcoholic beverages are linked to heavy alcohol consumption among college students.
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147:
varies by country, the high amount of underage students that consume alcohol has presented many problems and consequences for universities. The causes of alcohol abuse tend to be
159:, poor academic performance or legal consequences. Prevention and treatment include campus counseling, stronger enforcement of underage drinking or changing the campus culture.
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377:
College students who engage in binge drinking tend to have lower grades than those who do not. According to a study by The Center for the Study of
Collegiate Mental Health at
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198:
1101:
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Wechsler, Henry, Jae Eun Lee, Toben Nelson, and
Meichun Kuo. "Underage College Students' Drinking Behavior, Access to Alcohol, and the Influence of Deterrence Policies".
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At certain U.S colleges, campus police will conduct bar raids by taking a certain number of people from the bar to catch underage students drinking. For example, at the
46:
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125:. The laws and social culture around this practice vary by country and institution type, and within an institution, some students may drink heavily whereas others may
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drinking to cope with stress and AUDs. There was a higher percentage of students who drank to cope with stress who developed AUDs through their professional career.
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405:, alcohol use can result in future unhealthy behavior and impaired brain development as early college age is when the brain is developing. According to studies by
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during college. Over half of universities' student bodies consist of those under the legal drinking age of 21. Underage drinking is when people below the
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425:, police will give tickets for underage students for just being an arm's length distance from an alcoholic beverage. At other big universities, such as
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occurs when students drink large amounts of alcohol in a relatively short space of time in order to feel the full effects of alcohol consumption. The
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drinking once a week. In comparison, the comparable figure of alcoholism for
American Indian and Alaskan Native youth is approximately 80 percent.
220:
The motivations among young students have changed as well. In recent years, more students are drinking with the intended purpose of getting drunk.
2997:
2516:
738:
Bonnie, O'Connell, RJ, ME (2004). "National
Research Council and Institute of Medicine, Reducing Underage Drinking: A Collective Responsibility".
509:
58:
1290:"The association between social network members sharing alcohol-related social media content and alcohol outcomes among college student drinkers"
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1992:"Before You Slip in to the Night, You'll Want Something to Drink: Exploring the Reasons for Prepartying Behavior Among College Student Drinkers"
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382:
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1392:"Study Shows Inverse Relationship Between Alcohol Abuse and Academic Performance of College Students — Penn State College of Education"
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2938:
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Dodd, L.J., Al-Nakeeb, Y., Nevill, A. and
Forshaw, M.J. (2010). "Lifestyle risk factors of students: a cluster analytical approach".
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2920:
893:
80:
940:"An Update of Research Examining College Student Alcohol-Related Consequences: New Perspectives and Implications for Interventions"
2125:
Dodd, L.J., Al-Nakeeb, Y., Nevill, A. and
Forshaw, M.J., 2010. Lifestyle risk factors of students: a cluster analytical approach.
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365:, as defined by the next edition psychiatry's diagnostic manual, but many of these individuals would be regarded as having only a
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found through a study that men involved in heavy alcohol consumption are more likely to display acts of sexual aggression.
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1906:"Educating College Students on Drinking Risks May Temporarily Help Lessen Drinking Behaviors, Study Finds"
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consume alcohol. This fluctuates for every country: 21 in the United States, 18 in the United
Kingdom.
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1968:
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1490:"The Dangers of Binge Drinking – Health Encyclopedia – University of Rochester Medical Center"
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1366:"About 37 percent of college students could now be considered alcoholics | Emerald Media"
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Bonnie RJ and O'Connell ME, editors. National Research Council and Institute of Medicine,
1413:"Is Alcohol Consumption Associated with Poor Academic Achievement in University Students?"
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703:
406:
122:
1808:"Fake ID Ownership and Heavy Drinking in Underage College Students: Prospective Findings"
1127:"Predictors of alcohol use during the first year of college: implications for prevention"
938:
Mallett, KA; Varvil-Weld, L; Borsari, B; Read, JP; Neighbors, C; White, HR (2013-03-25).
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also played a role, suggesting that binge drinking starts earlier than college for some.
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Experts and governments have warned and discouraged a few alcoholic beverages including
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1102:"Greek life membership associated with binge drinking and marijuana use in later life"
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1461:"The Chaser: How College Binge Drinking Can Affect Your Health for Years to Come"
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409:, early alcohol drinking indicates serious problems with alcohol later in life.
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1823:
369:. Most college binge drinkers and drug users do not develop lifelong problems.
201:(NIAAA) defines binge drinking as a pattern of drinking that brings a person's
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1234:"Stress and Alcohol Use Among College Students: What Are the Real Dangers?"
1160:
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975:
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655:
647:
1645:"Influence of Social Media on Alcohol Use in Adolescents and Young Adults"
1024:
1006:
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906:
129:. In the United States, drinking tends to be particularly associated with
3117:
3047:
2711:
1606:"USC Housing / Residential Education | Campus Activities | USC"
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329:
266:
114:
3209:
2767:
2326:
1882:"To the Brim: How USC is fighting a stubborn culture of binge drinking"
1864:"To the Brim: How USC is fighting a stubborn culture of binge drinking"
1305:
957:
333:
102:
2136:
1038:
Borsari, Brian; Hustad, John T.P.; Capone, Christy (September 2009).
401:
or date rape. For students under the legal drinking age of 21 in the
381:, students who abuse alcohol showed a clear correlation with a lower
284:
1806:
Martinez, Julia A.; Rutledge, Patricia C.; Sher, Kenneth J. (2007).
672:
Uloop, ContributorOnline Marketplace for College Life (2013-06-07).
2051:"Overview of Preventive Interventions Addressing Underage Drinking"
1558:"University Apartments Housing Regulations – UCLA Residential Life"
888:
3507:
3415:
2580:
1040:"Alcohol Use in the Greek System, 1999–2009: A Decade of Progress"
989:
Wechsler, H.; Dowdall, G. W.; Davenport, A.; Castillo, S. (1995).
274:
177:
92:
143:
drinking behaviors by college and university students. While the
1929:
Welsh, Justine W.; Shentu, Yujia; Sarvey, Dana B. (April 2019).
889:"American Indian Youth and Drugs, 1976–87: A Continuing Problem"
634:
632:
Mitka, Mike (2009). "College Binge Drinking Still on the Rise".
2140:
1693:"Ensure physical distancing during school drop-off and pick-up"
1582:"USC Housing / Residential Education | Campus Activities | USC"
1339:"DSM-5 Could Categorize 40% of College Students as Alcoholics"
1288:
Strowger, Megan; Braitman, Abby L.; Barnett, Nancy P. (2022).
1207:"How Much Influence Does Peer Pressure Play on Teen Drinking?"
29:
433:
specific to drinking so the students are transported safely.
45:
deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a
1990:
Pedersen, Eric; LaBrie, Josephy; Kilmer, Jason (June 2009).
591:"What is BAC? | Office of Alcohol Policy and Education"
540:"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA)"
539:
1411:
El Ansari, Walid; Stock, Christiane; Mills, Claire (2013).
361:
As high as 40% of college students could now be considered
2049:
Spoth, Richard; Greenberg, Mark; Turrisi, Robert (2009).
2944:
Ban on caffeinated alcoholic drinks in the United States
337:
these events and not excluded from such "great" events.
27:
Unhealthy alcohol drinking behaviors by college students
2120:
Reducing Underage Drinking: A Collective Responsibility
564:"What Is BAC? | Office of Alcohol Policy and Education"
54:
585:
583:
109:(pictured), that often makes young people binge drink.
1176:"College Students: Peer Pressure and Substance Abuse"
155:. College students who abuse alcohol can suffer from
2197:
Alcohol-related traffic crashes in the United States
1125:
Borsari, B; Murphy, JG; Barnett, NP (October 2007).
3470:
3424:
3394:
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2911:
2902:
2868:
List of countries by alcohol consumption per capita
2791:
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2185:
2174:
1742:"Why It Matters Where College Students Binge-Drink"
1935:Focus: Journal of Life Long Learning in Psychiatry
1513:
1511:
1509:
199:National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
2873:Alcohol consumption by youth in the United States
2278:Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism
1643:Moreno, Megan A.; Whitehill, Jennifer M. (2014).
1100:Abuse, National Institute on Drug (2018-02-15).
3255:Foundation for Advancing Alcohol Responsibility
1264:Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
1294:Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research
991:"Correlates of college student binge drinking"
945:Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research
784:Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research
715:
713:
2152:
2076:"Wisconsin Drinking Culture Across UW System"
1519:"Underage Drinking Laws – State-by-State Map"
43:The examples and perspective in this article
8:
2817:International Women's Collaboration Brew Day
1417:International Journal of Preventive Medicine
872:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
605:"CDC – Fact Sheets-Binge Drinking – Alcohol"
117:attending colleges, universities, and other
393:The consequences of binge drinking include
324:The rise of social media platforms such as
139:among college students refers to unhealthy
3458:Medicinal Liquor Prescriptions Act of 1933
3028:List of countries with alcohol prohibition
2908:
2182:
2159:
2145:
2137:
151:, fraternity or sorority involvement, and
2360:Short-term effects of alcohol consumption
2015:
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766:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
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81:Learn how and when to remove this message
520:Cigarette smoking among college students
2998:Legal drinking age in the United States
531:
510:Alcohol advertising on college campuses
1931:"Substance Use Among College Students"
887:Beauvais, Fred; Oetting; Wolf (1989).
865:
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745:
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2981:List of dry communities by U.S. state
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7:
2494:List of methanol poisoning incidents
667:
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18:Alcohol abuse among college students
3215:Alcohol consumption recommendations
3140:Temperance and Good Citizenship Day
2939:Alcohol packaging warning messages
2551:Alcohol use among college students
2213:Drunk driving in the United States
2074:Brazy, David (29 September 2010).
1534:"Underage Drinking Laws on Campus"
799:Journal of American College Health
721:"Underage Drinking Laws on Campus"
674:"Underage Drinking Laws on Campus"
25:
3498:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
3478:Index of alcohol-related articles
2921:Administrative License Suspension
1812:Psychology of Addictive Behaviors
1649:Alcohol Research: Current Reviews
1174:RecoveryConnection (2011-12-06).
995:American Journal of Public Health
894:American Journal of Public Health
3531:
3530:
2932:Alcoholic beverage control state
2728:Andrew Johnson alcoholism debate
2094:Windle, Michael; Zucker (2010).
2034:"School Rankings- Party Schools"
1106:National Institute on Drug Abuse
479:
339:The National Longitudinal Survey
34:
2541:Alcohol in association football
1996:Issues in Mental Health Nursing
1364:Sanderson, Megan (2012-05-22).
1260:"Alcohol Advertising and Youth"
427:University of Wisconsin-Madison
332:, and streaming platforms like
2753:List of deaths through alcohol
2571:Epidemiology of binge drinking
2375:Subjective response to alcohol
1740:Fetters, Ashley (2019-05-02).
1337:Szalavitz, Maia (2012-05-14).
1:
3238:Sweat alcohol content monitor
2273:Alcoholism in rural Australia
2100:Alcohol Research & Health
2055:Alcohol Research & Health
1624:Alcohol Information on Campus
3161:Adult Children of Alcoholics
2949:Drunk driving law by country
2365:Long-term effects of alcohol
2283:Disease theory of alcoholism
2268:Alcoholism in family systems
2258:Alcohol and Native Americans
1717:"Alcohol and Sexual Assault"
1143:10.1016/j.addbeh.2007.01.017
99:caffeinated alcoholic drinks
2888:International whisk(e)y day
2202:Driving under the influence
1947:10.1176/appi.focus.20180037
1056:10.2174/1874473710902030216
852:10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.04.005
464:Screening for Substance Use
444:Washington State University
252:Fraternities and sororities
203:blood alcohol concentration
57:, discuss the issue on the
3588:
3404:Christian views on alcohol
3010:List of alcohol laws of US
2288:High-functioning alcoholic
1880:Lemas, Matt (2016-09-28).
1824:10.1037/0893-164X.21.2.226
1044:Current Drug Abuse Reviews
515:American Indian alcoholism
354:
264:
249:
171:
3526:
3303:Alcoholic spirits measure
3288:Low-alcoholic malt drinks
2969:Ignition interlock device
2858:Drunken monkey hypothesis
2691:Routes of administration
2320:Alcohol congener analysis
2263:Alcoholism in adolescence
2008:10.1080/01612840802422623
357:Alcoholism in adolescence
1586:campusactivities.usc.edu
740:National Academies Press
450:Prevention and treatment
3483:Alcohol and spaceflight
3225:Alcohol server training
3098:Managed alcohol program
2676:Binge drinking devices
2370:Pharmacology of ethanol
802:, 50.5 (2002): 223–236.
787:, 39.4 (2015): 688–696.
3088:Alcohol rehabilitation
3056:Alcohol detoxification
2959:Field sobriety testing
2844:Health effects of wine
2812:International Beer Day
2576:Holiday heart syndrome
2036:. The Princeton Review
1494:www.urmc.rochester.edu
755:Cite journal requires
648:10.1001/jama.2009.1154
423:University of Illinois
295:
191:
110:
3340:Disulfiram-like drugs
2880:Ritual use of alcohol
2849:Wine and food pairing
2834:Apéritif and digestif
2485:Adulterated moonshine
2332:Blood alcohol content
2294:Seeing pink elephants
1007:10.2105/AJPH.85.7.921
907:10.2105/AJPH.79.5.634
367:mild drinking problem
278:
181:
121:institutions consume
96:
3409:Alcohol in the Bible
3396:Religion and alcohol
3362:General anaesthetics
3155:Alcoholics Anonymous
3113:List of mixed drinks
2566:Alcohol intoxication
2481:Adulterated alcohol
2133:(1), pp. 73–77.
1793:"NIAAA Publications"
1769:"NIAAA Publications"
1532:Uloop (2013-06-07).
818:. Pubs.niaaa.nih.gov
568:alcohol.stanford.edu
373:Academic performance
184:German student corps
63:create a new article
55:improve this article
3488:Gateway drug effect
3274:Low-alcohol drinks
3103:Non-alcoholic drink
3038:Temperance movement
3020:Alcohol prohibition
2743:Gilbert Paul Jordan
2733:Dionysian Mysteries
2517:on college campuses
2512:Alcohol advertising
2230:Public intoxication
2127:Preventive medicine
1620:"Student Sanctions"
1258:Stephenson, Steve.
1180:Recovery Connection
1131:Addictive Behaviors
839:Preventive Medicine
320:Societal influences
123:alcoholic beverages
3320:Addiction medicine
3263:Get Your Sexy Back
3203:Alcohol limitation
3179:Sober living house
3145:Twelve-step groups
3078:Brief intervention
3071:Open-container law
3033:Neo-prohibitionism
2993:Legal drinking age
2799:Alcoholic beverage
2700:Alcohol inhalation
2615:Drinking in public
2593:Blackout Wednesday
2451:Beverage-specific
2168:Alcohol and health
1773:pubs.niaaa.nih.gov
1721:pubs.niaaa.nih.gov
1465:www.unitypoint.org
1368:. Dailyemerald.com
1306:10.1111/acer.14899
1238:Alta Mira Recovery
958:10.1111/acer.12031
813:"College Drinking"
702:has generic name (
437:Student misconduct
413:Legal consequences
379:Pennsylvania State
296:
283:kit consisting of
211:legal drinking age
192:
188:Duchy of Brunswick
145:legal drinking age
111:
3544:
3543:
3466:
3465:
3416:Islam and alcohol
3350:Calcium carbimide
3220:Alcohol education
3108:List of cocktails
3083:Designated driver
3061:Alcohol-free zone
2964:Hip flask defence
2898:
2897:
2839:Hangover remedies
2783:Whiskey Rebellion
2773:Six o'clock swill
2561:Austrian syndrome
2500:Surrogate alcohol
2490:Denatured alcohol
2462:Red wine headache
2080:The Badger Herald
1423:(10): 1175–1188.
544:www.niaaa.nih.gov
455:Campus counseling
395:alcohol poisoning
91:
90:
83:
65:, as appropriate.
16:(Redirected from
3579:
3572:Education issues
3567:Drinking culture
3534:
3533:
3333:Chlordiazepoxide
3283:Low-alcohol beer
2927:Alcohol monopoly
2909:
2829:Drinking culture
2822:Women in brewing
2705:Vodka eyeballing
2672:Passive drinking
2183:
2161:
2154:
2147:
2138:
2115:
2113:
2111:
2090:
2088:
2086:
2070:
2068:
2066:
2045:
2043:
2041:
2029:
2019:
1977:
1976:
1966:
1926:
1920:
1919:
1917:
1916:
1902:
1896:
1895:
1893:
1892:
1877:
1868:
1867:
1860:
1854:
1853:
1843:
1803:
1797:
1796:
1789:
1783:
1782:
1780:
1779:
1765:
1756:
1755:
1753:
1752:
1737:
1731:
1730:
1728:
1727:
1713:
1700:
1699:
1697:
1689:
1683:
1682:
1672:
1640:
1634:
1633:
1631:
1630:
1616:
1610:
1609:
1602:
1596:
1595:
1593:
1592:
1578:
1572:
1571:
1569:
1568:
1562:reslife.ucla.edu
1554:
1548:
1547:
1545:
1544:
1529:
1523:
1522:
1515:
1504:
1503:
1501:
1500:
1486:
1475:
1474:
1472:
1471:
1457:
1451:
1450:
1440:
1408:
1402:
1401:
1399:
1398:
1388:
1377:
1376:
1374:
1373:
1361:
1355:
1354:
1352:
1351:
1334:
1328:
1327:
1317:
1300:(8): 1592–1602.
1285:
1279:
1278:
1276:
1275:
1266:. Archived from
1255:
1249:
1248:
1246:
1245:
1230:
1221:
1220:
1218:
1217:
1203:
1190:
1189:
1187:
1186:
1171:
1165:
1164:
1154:
1122:
1116:
1115:
1113:
1112:
1097:
1086:
1085:
1075:
1035:
1029:
1028:
1018:
986:
980:
979:
969:
935:
929:
928:
918:
884:
878:
877:
871:
863:
833:
827:
826:
824:
823:
817:
809:
803:
794:
788:
778:
772:
771:
764:
758:
753:
751:
743:
735:
729:
728:
717:
708:
707:
701:
697:
695:
687:
685:
684:
669:
660:
659:
629:
620:
619:
617:
616:
601:
595:
594:
587:
578:
577:
575:
574:
560:
554:
553:
551:
550:
536:
489:
484:
483:
482:
469:neutral manner.
294:and instructions
261:Low-cost alcohol
127:not drink at all
119:higher education
86:
79:
75:
72:
66:
38:
37:
30:
21:
3587:
3586:
3582:
3581:
3580:
3578:
3577:
3576:
3557:Student culture
3547:
3546:
3545:
3540:
3522:
3503:Self-medication
3462:
3420:
3390:
3328:Benzodiazepines
3314:
3198:
3184:Sobering center
3169:Sober companion
3150:Al-Anon/Alateen
3042:
3014:
2904:
2894:
2787:
2716:
2656:In vino veritas
2650:Hair of the dog
2468:
2384:Adverse effects
2379:
2348:
2298:
2244:
2188:
2187:Alcohol-related
2178:
2170:
2165:
2109:
2107:
2093:
2084:
2082:
2073:
2064:
2062:
2048:
2039:
2037:
2032:
1989:
1986:
1984:Further reading
1981:
1980:
1928:
1927:
1923:
1914:
1912:
1904:
1903:
1899:
1890:
1888:
1879:
1878:
1871:
1862:
1861:
1857:
1805:
1804:
1800:
1791:
1790:
1786:
1777:
1775:
1767:
1766:
1759:
1750:
1748:
1739:
1738:
1734:
1725:
1723:
1715:
1714:
1703:
1695:
1691:
1690:
1686:
1642:
1641:
1637:
1628:
1626:
1618:
1617:
1613:
1604:
1603:
1599:
1590:
1588:
1580:
1579:
1575:
1566:
1564:
1556:
1555:
1551:
1542:
1540:
1531:
1530:
1526:
1517:
1516:
1507:
1498:
1496:
1488:
1487:
1478:
1469:
1467:
1459:
1458:
1454:
1410:
1409:
1405:
1396:
1394:
1390:
1389:
1380:
1371:
1369:
1363:
1362:
1358:
1349:
1347:
1336:
1335:
1331:
1287:
1286:
1282:
1273:
1271:
1257:
1256:
1252:
1243:
1241:
1232:
1231:
1224:
1215:
1213:
1205:
1204:
1193:
1184:
1182:
1173:
1172:
1168:
1137:(10): 2062–86.
1124:
1123:
1119:
1110:
1108:
1099:
1098:
1089:
1037:
1036:
1032:
988:
987:
983:
937:
936:
932:
886:
885:
881:
864:
835:
834:
830:
821:
819:
815:
811:
810:
806:
795:
791:
779:
775:
765:
754:
744:
737:
736:
732:
719:
718:
711:
698:
688:
682:
680:
671:
670:
663:
631:
630:
623:
614:
612:
603:
602:
598:
589:
588:
581:
572:
570:
562:
561:
557:
548:
546:
538:
537:
533:
528:
485:
480:
478:
475:
466:
457:
452:
439:
415:
407:McLean Hospital
391:
389:Health concerns
375:
359:
353:
348:
322:
313:
304:
273:
263:
254:
248:
243:
226:
176:
170:
165:
157:health concerns
87:
76:
70:
67:
52:
39:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3585:
3583:
3575:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3549:
3548:
3542:
3541:
3539:
3538:
3527:
3524:
3523:
3521:
3520:
3518:French paradox
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3474:
3472:
3468:
3467:
3464:
3463:
3461:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3428:
3426:
3422:
3421:
3419:
3418:
3413:
3412:
3411:
3400:
3398:
3392:
3391:
3389:
3388:
3387:
3386:
3381:
3374:Sulfonic acids
3371:
3370:
3369:
3359:
3358:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3337:
3336:
3335:
3324:
3322:
3316:
3315:
3313:
3312:
3311:
3310:
3308:Standard drink
3305:
3297:
3296:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3272:
3270:Liquor license
3267:
3266:
3265:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3241:
3240:
3235:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3206:
3204:
3200:
3199:
3197:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3165:
3164:
3158:
3152:
3142:
3137:
3135:Temperance bar
3132:
3127:
3126:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3074:
3073:
3068:
3058:
3052:
3050:
3044:
3043:
3041:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3024:
3022:
3016:
3015:
3013:
3012:
3007:
3006:
3005:
3000:
2990:
2985:
2984:
2983:
2973:
2972:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2935:
2934:
2924:
2917:
2915:
2906:
2900:
2899:
2896:
2895:
2893:
2892:
2891:
2890:
2882:
2877:
2876:
2875:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2854:
2853:
2852:
2851:
2841:
2836:
2826:
2825:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2801:
2795:
2793:
2789:
2788:
2786:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2724:
2722:
2718:
2717:
2715:
2714:
2709:
2708:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2689:
2688:
2687:
2682:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2611:
2610:
2605:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2584:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2556:Binge drinking
2553:
2548:
2546:Alcohol powder
2543:
2538:
2536:Alcohol myopia
2533:
2532:
2531:
2521:
2520:
2519:
2509:
2504:
2503:
2502:
2497:
2487:
2478:
2476:
2470:
2469:
2467:
2466:
2465:
2464:
2458:
2449:
2444:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2414:
2413:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2387:
2385:
2381:
2380:
2378:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2356:
2354:
2350:
2349:
2347:
2346:
2344:Wine chemistry
2341:
2336:
2335:
2334:
2324:
2323:
2322:
2312:
2310:Beer chemistry
2306:
2304:
2300:
2299:
2297:
2296:
2291:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2254:
2252:
2246:
2245:
2243:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2216:
2215:
2205:
2199:
2193:
2191:
2180:
2172:
2171:
2166:
2164:
2163:
2156:
2149:
2141:
2135:
2134:
2123:
2116:
2091:
2071:
2046:
2030:
2002:(6): 354–363.
1985:
1982:
1979:
1978:
1941:(2): 117–127.
1921:
1897:
1869:
1855:
1818:(2): 226–232.
1798:
1784:
1757:
1732:
1701:
1684:
1635:
1611:
1597:
1573:
1549:
1524:
1505:
1476:
1452:
1403:
1378:
1356:
1329:
1280:
1250:
1222:
1191:
1166:
1117:
1087:
1050:(3): 216–255.
1030:
1001:(7): 921–926.
981:
930:
879:
828:
804:
789:
773:
757:|journal=
730:
709:
661:
621:
596:
579:
555:
530:
529:
527:
524:
523:
522:
517:
512:
507:
502:
500:College health
497:
491:
490:
474:
471:
465:
462:
456:
453:
451:
448:
438:
435:
414:
411:
399:sexual assault
390:
387:
374:
371:
352:
349:
347:
344:
321:
318:
312:
309:
303:
300:
262:
259:
250:Main article:
247:
244:
242:
239:
225:
222:
195:Binge drinking
174:Binge drinking
172:Main article:
169:
168:Binge drinking
166:
164:
161:
89:
88:
49:of the subject
47:worldwide view
42:
40:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3584:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3562:Alcohol abuse
3560:
3558:
3555:
3554:
3552:
3537:
3529:
3528:
3525:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3493:Mood disorder
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3475:
3473:
3469:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3438:
3434:
3430:
3429:
3427:
3423:
3417:
3414:
3410:
3407:
3406:
3405:
3402:
3401:
3399:
3397:
3393:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3376:
3375:
3372:
3368:
3367:Nitrous oxide
3365:
3364:
3363:
3360:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3342:
3341:
3338:
3334:
3331:
3330:
3329:
3326:
3325:
3323:
3321:
3317:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3300:
3298:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3278:Fermented tea
3276:
3275:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3264:
3261:
3260:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3230:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3207:
3205:
3201:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3174:Sober curious
3172:
3170:
3167:
3162:
3159:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3147:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3105:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3063:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3053:
3051:
3049:
3045:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3025:
3023:
3021:
3017:
3011:
3008:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2995:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2982:
2979:
2978:
2977:
2974:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2951:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2933:
2930:
2929:
2928:
2925:
2922:
2919:
2918:
2916:
2914:
2910:
2907:
2901:
2889:
2886:
2885:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2874:
2871:
2870:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2863:Ladies' night
2861:
2859:
2856:
2850:
2847:
2846:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2831:
2830:
2827:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2804:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2796:
2794:
2790:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2763:Rum Rebellion
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2725:
2723:
2719:
2713:
2710:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2695:Alcohol enema
2693:
2692:
2690:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2677:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2657:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2645:Flaming drink
2643:
2641:
2640:Dutch courage
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2625:Drunk walking
2623:
2621:
2620:Drunk dialing
2618:
2616:
2613:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2600:
2599:
2598:Drinking game
2596:
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3229:Monitoring
3130:Teetotalism
3123:Malt drinks
2913:Alcohol law
2685:Yard of ale
2630:Drunkorexia
2442:intolerance
2235:Rum-running
1910:www.apa.org
1211:Alcohol.org
609:www.cdc.gov
281:homebrewing
235:high school
163:Definitions
3551:Categories
3513:Town drunk
3345:Disulfiram
3293:Small beer
3259:Campaigns
3093:Drunk tank
3066:Dry campus
2976:Dry county
2758:Rum ration
2738:Dipsomania
2667:Pantsdrunk
2460:Red wine:
2250:Alcoholism
2240:Wine fraud
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573:2021-06-26
549:2015-10-06
526:References
363:alcoholics
355:See also:
351:Alcoholism
265:See also:
246:Greek life
224:Background
186:drinking,
71:April 2022
3448:Dry state
3355:Cyanamide
3189:Sobrietol
2988:Last call
2954:DWI court
2807:Beer mile
2778:Speakeasy
2748:Gin Craze
2680:Beer bong
2635:Dry drunk
2608:Pregaming
2456:Potomania
2438:Tolerance
2428:Pregnancy
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1955:1541-4094
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3194:Quit lit
3118:Spritzer
3048:Sobriety
2903:Alcohol
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