325:, President Carter proposed special legislation to transfer the task of selecting a project from the Federal Power Commission to the President. Congress adopted the Alaska Natural Gas Transportation Act of 1977, and Carter selected the project sponsored by Northwest to the exclusion of the other two projects. The Commission then proceeded to conduct further proceedings to issue certificates of public convenience and necessity to authorize construction of pipelines from Prudhoe Bay and extending to San Francisco and Chicago, and the United States and Canada entered into an agreement regarding having the gas pipeline follow the Alaskan Highway route.
329:
data. This was built over a two-year period and ran for another 2 years. Data was stored on cassette tapes and changed weekly, which was high-tech at the time. The data was used to help with building the new gas pipeline which was to be buried instead of above ground like the oil pipeline. The tests were also verified in labs as late as 1991, 10 years later. Building an LNG facility would not work in the North Slope as there is only a 3-month window for tankers to move the gas.
1920:
358:
the overland pipeline routes. The remaining gas would be exported as LNG. Competitors argued that this proposal was barred by the 1977 statute and
President Carter's decision. The consortium argued that because the pipeline would be used for intrastate commerce and foreign commerce, but not for interstate commerce, the project would not require Federal approvals under the Natural Gas Act. Three Alaskan boroughs voted to form the
1584:
1383:
1931:
1596:
175:, adopted by Alaska Legislature in 2007. The project originally proposed two options during its open season offering over a three-month period from April 30 to July 30, 2010. An 'open season' in layman's terms is when a company conducts a non-binding show of interest or poll in the marketplace, they ask potential customers "if we build it, will you come?".
501:
wrote, " believes market forces should select the route of the pipeline." He continued, "The administration strongly opposes the price-floor tax credit provision in the Senate energy bill and any similar provisions." Abraham suggested several non-price support tax provisions that could subsidize the
357:
headed a consortium which sought to revive the El Paso proposal to construct an 800-mile gas pipeline along the oil pipeline route from
Prudhoe Bay to Valdez (with a branch to Anchorage), because such a route would also serve Anchorage and Fairbanks and would have a much lower construction cost than
418:
In 2014, the agreement between Alaska and
Transcanada was cancelled in the light of substantially lower prices for natural gas and increased use of extraction technology that has markedly boosted supply, making the pipeline arrangement uneconomic. The 500 million dollars in seed money was forfeited
328:
In 1981 to 1982 test sites were built at 7 locations next to the oil pipeline over a 600-mile spread with pipes buried in the ground circulating a glycol solution to simulate gas flowing in the pipes chilled to 10 Deg F. to study the effects on the permafrost and collect temperature and movement
228:
in
October 2012 for a certificate to build and operate the pipeline. In May 2012 the state of Alaska granted TransCanada a two-year postponement of the deadline to give the company and North Slope producers more time to explore the best market for Alaska gas. By the summer of 2014 the project
332:
Ultimately, Northwest's consortium could not finance the project, and instead decided to "prebuild" the segments from
Alberta to San Francisco and Chicago. Northwest justified the prebuild on the theory that using Canadian gas to depreciate the pipeline for a period of years would make the
220:
and a license from the state of Alaska to build and operate a pipeline, but does not yet have federal approvals needed to start construction. On June 11, 2009, TransCanada announced it had formed an agreement with ExxonMobil to work together in bringing the gas to market.
316:
tankers then transporting the gas to terminals on the west coast. The other two proposals would cross Canada on a route parallel to the Alaska
Highway. The Federal Power Commission conducted lengthy hearings on the relative merits of the three plans, and under the
215:
Both options give
Alaskan communities the opportunity to acquire natural gas from a minimum of five delivery points along the pipeline. An Alberta option provides for the ability to have local natural gas delivery in Canada. TransCanada has secured state
378:
announced that the State of Alaska was ready to receive applications to build a pipeline within the framework of the Alaska
Gasline Inducement Act (AGIA). On January 4, 2008, a proposal by TransCanada was selected. Four other proposals were submitted: By
516:
advocated an "All-Alaskan" route which would go from
Prudhoe Bay to Valdez and would bring gas to Fairbanks and Anchorage. He opposed the award of the route to TransCanada which would not result in gas service for Alaska's population centers.
199:, for a distance of approx. 800 miles. Once in Valdez, it would be converted to liquified natural gas in facilities built by others and then shipped to North American and International markets. An additional component to each option is a
548:
194:
for a total distance of approx. 1,700 miles. Gas was then to be delivered through existing pipelines serving the major North
American markets. The second option proposed was to transport natural gas from the North Slope to
211:
facilities which then treats the gas to be shipped in the pipeline. The Point Thomson field would have approximately 58 miles of pipeline to connect natural gas supplies from the field to the plant and the pipeline.
365:
Following Alaska's decision to contribute $ 500 million to fund startup costs of an overland route, the AGPA is now advocating a "Y" route which would first go to Valdez and later build a second fork toward Canada.
296:
to lead an inquiry into the proposals. Berger's inquiry resulted in a recommendation for a ten-year moratorium on development of the pipeline to deal with issues such as Aboriginal land claims and setting aside of
474:. A shorter alternative route, which was considered in the 1970s, links Prudhoe Bay natural gas through Mackenzie River Valley. The pipeline will be built only if Canadian authorities can strike a deal with
933:
1960:
834:
1985:
451:
had shown interest to join this project. However, on 17 May 2011 Denali announced that it ends developing the project due lack of interest from potential customers.
321:
the commission had the legal right to select the final route. Following the 1976 elections where John McMillian, CEO of Northwest Pipeline was a major supporter of
292:, starting at the Mackenzie Delta and also running along the river valley to Alberta. Either proposal required the approval of the Canadian government, which named
454:
The project foresaw a pipeline with a capacity of 41 billion cubic meter (bcm) of natural gas per year down the Alaska Highway across Alaska, through the
1311:
1634:
1980:
478:
whose lands are in the pipeline route, who are accusing Palin and other pipeline proponents of treating them with disrespect by not consulting with them.
224:
In May 2012 TransCanada formally closed their open season. TransCanada's license with the AGIA required that they file a complete application with the
509:
wrote that Canada is of the opinion that the Alaskan pipeline should be built without subsidies and without the route being determined by legislation.
1012:
609:
2000:
1955:
1344:
503:
341:. Subsequently, an affiliate of TransCanada Pipeline acquired Pacific Gas Transmission and 50% of Northern Border. Northwest was acquired by the
663:
913:
781:
580:
427:
Outside of the AGIA process, authorities were evaluating a separate proposal issued by Denali – The Alaska Gas Pipeline LLC, a joint venture of
2010:
1975:
1289:
1965:
225:
408:
On December 5, 2008, the AGIA license, jointly awarded to Foothills Pipe Lines Ltd. and TransCanada Alaska, LLC, was signed in Fairbanks.
723:
390:, was the sole AGIA-compliant applicant. On August 27, 2008, Palin signed a bill into law giving the state of Alaska authority to award
2015:
1533:
1197:
748:
706:
691:
238:
1894:
904:"Palin, commissioners sign gasline license: Signing called 'historic day' as natural gas pipeline construction now ready to begin"
462:
into Alberta. It also consisted of a gas treatment plant on North Slope. The project was estimated to cost US$ 35 billion.
721:
North Slope Borough: 1,837 Yes / 471 No, Fairbanks North Star Borough: 10,760 Yes / 3,629 No, City of Valdez: 1037 Yes / 256 No.
394:
500 million dollars in seed money and a license to build and operate the $ 26-billion pipeline to transport natural gas from the
1899:
760:
1934:
882:
831:
405:
The license is not a construction contract, and federal energy regulators must approve the project before it can go forward.
806:
2020:
487:
856:
1750:
1425:
1337:
553:
383:, AEnergia, the AGPA, which proposed a liquified natural gas project, and the Alaska Natural Gas Development Authority.
257:
1627:
1620:
638:
419:
by the State legally to Transcanada under a cancellation clause for front end engineering and design work completed.
1249:
333:
transportation of Alaskan gas more economic at a later date. The prebuild system went into service under the names
1853:
1805:
1492:
1372:
1315:
334:
534:. She expressed her support for the pipeline, which was ostensibly the purpose of her appearance on the program.
1990:
1600:
289:
31:
1995:
1815:
1810:
1760:
1755:
1745:
1740:
1725:
1720:
1710:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1554:
1477:
338:
305:
172:
639:"Alaska Politics Blog: It's on: Exxon and TransCanada announce pipeline partnership (Updated) | adn.com"
1970:
1861:
1588:
1330:
1003:
475:
880:"Some of Palin's remarks stretch the truth: Gas pipeline, earmark issues have more subtlety than described"
1280:
495:
491:
200:
1487:
1420:
543:
1294:
671:
903:
617:
1825:
1735:
1730:
1154:
1097:
1040:
957:
937:
785:
588:
168:
1452:
908:
526:
411:
The pipeline proposed by TransCanada would run 1,715 miles (2,760 km) from the North Slope to
309:
204:
1224:
1198:"White House opposes tax credit for gas line; Tax credit considered key in moving project forward"
486:
Opposition to the Alaska natural gas pipeline route mandate and price supports came from both the
2005:
1820:
1778:
1663:
1643:
395:
342:
298:
179:
75:
1201:
1889:
1884:
1800:
1068:
1063:
934:"Life after AGIA The Alaska Gasline Inducement Act is buried, but the pipeline dream lives on"
727:
444:
391:
387:
265:
160:
122:
229:
became more focused on export, so the state and TransCanada terminated their AGIA agreement.
1518:
1441:
459:
293:
207:
natural gas pipeline. The proposed building site for the GTP would be at the North Slope's
187:
345:. As a result, Northwest was no longer willing to pursue the full project to Prudhoe Bay.
1904:
1715:
1705:
1569:
1122:
886:
838:
498:
318:
277:
253:
183:
1564:
1549:
1353:
1148:
1091:
1034:
951:
506:
471:
428:
99:
415:
in Alberta. It is expected to cost US$ 26 billion and to be operational by 2018.
1949:
1924:
1871:
1523:
53:
1382:
1285:
980:
879:
513:
354:
322:
272:, and TransCanada—proposed a route from Alaska's Prudhoe Bay across northern
17:
470:
Possible routes include the Alaska route, or southern route, a pipeline along the
810:
710:
695:
1770:
1559:
1528:
1513:
1508:
521:
375:
249:
208:
1305:
Northern Engineering Beez Hazen lead engineer on Chilled Pipe Test Site project
1257:
308:
to construct a natural gas pipeline from Prudhoe Bay. A proposal sponsored by
1835:
1312:"Sarah Palin's pipeline terms netted 1 viable bid, from firm with inside ties"
531:
436:
261:
217:
196:
164:
126:
1295:
Office of the Federal Coordinator, Alaska Natural Gas Transportation Projects
549:
Office of the Federal Coordinator, Alaska Natural Gas Transportation Projects
1792:
285:
642:
1843:
1673:
440:
399:
1304:
448:
412:
380:
304:
In the United States, three competing applications were filed with the
281:
191:
89:
85:
1612:
1647:
1457:
1446:
1397:
1367:
57:
1176:
256:
and several companies came out in favor of large pipeline projects.
1299:
1655:
455:
273:
269:
1322:
857:"TransCanada Gets Alaska Governor Palin's Approval for Pipeline"
312:
routed the pipeline to Valdez along the oil pipeline route with
1616:
1326:
1682:
386:
On January 5, 2008, Palin announced that the Canadian company
362:(AGPA) to promote this project under Alaska Code § 29.35.600.
313:
664:"Alaska natural gas pipeline project history | Arcticgas.gov"
1250:"Sensible solution is for Alaska to build the gas pipeline"
432:
782:"Palin picks Canadian company for gas line: Gas Pipeline"
30:
For the proposed pipeline from the Mackenzie Valley, see
1310:
Justin Pritchard and Garance Burke (October 25, 2008).
832:“Alaska governor signs natgas pipeline license bill”
610:"The Alaska Pipeline Project Begins Its Open Season"
1870:
1852:
1834:
1791:
1769:
1681:
1672:
1654:
1542:
1501:
1470:
1434:
1413:
1406:
1390:
1360:
1200:. Associated Press. January 2, 2007. Archived from
1117:
1115:
145:
137:
132:
118:
110:
105:
95:
81:
71:
63:
49:
44:
39:
1147:
1090:
1033:
1002:
950:
439:was invited to participate in the project. Also
280:, and then south through the Mackenzie Valley to
761:"Alaska seeks bids for North Slope gas pipeline"
641:. Community.adn.com. 2009-06-11. Archived from
252:in 1967. Talk of a pipeline peaked during the
248:Large natural gas reserves were discovered in
1628:
1338:
1001:Mouawad, Jad; Krauss, Clifford (2008-04-09).
8:
1064:"Enbridge, Shell Express Interest In Denali"
940:, January 12, 2014. Retrieved 30 June 2014.
581:"Palin picks Canadian company for gas line"
1961:Natural gas pipelines in the United States
1678:
1635:
1621:
1613:
1410:
1345:
1331:
1323:
807:"Canadian company meets AGIA requirements"
178:The first option was a pipeline from the
952:"Palin nod boosts TransCanada pipe plan"
504:Canadian Ambassador to the United States
374:On July 3, 2007, the Governor of Alaska
288:Pipeline consortium pursued a competing
1986:Proposed pipelines in the United States
1149:"ConocoPhillips lays Alaska pipe plans"
564:
1004:"2 Oil Firms Plan Alaska Gas Pipeline"
574:
572:
570:
568:
36:
1300:Alaska Gasline Port Authority website
916:from the original on 20 December 2008
502:construction of the pipeline. Former
7:
1595:
1127:Denali - The Alaska Gas Pipeline LLC
494:. In a letter to the Sen. Domenici,
226:Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
149:41 billion cubic meter per year
1930:
1092:"Gazprom reveals Alaska pipe dream"
1751:Line 13 (Southern Lights pipeline)
1314:. Associated Press. Archived from
855:Gismatullin, Edward (2008-08-29).
25:
1179:. Newsweek.com. 19 September 2008
1015:from the original on 12 June 2008
264:of large oil companies including
239:Mackenzie Valley Pipeline Inquiry
1929:
1918:
1594:
1583:
1582:
1381:
2001:Energy infrastructure in Alaska
1956:Natural gas pipelines in Canada
1225:"Trust the Market (and Canada)"
1123:"Denali Nixes Pipeline Project"
1035:"Enbridge eyes Alaska pipeline"
1981:Canada–United States relations
1281:State of Alaska - AGIA website
1223:Kergin, Michael (2002-05-15).
1158:. NHST Media Group. 2007-11-30
1129:. Downstream Today. 2011-05-17
1101:. NHST Media Group. 2008-06-09
1044:. NHST Media Group. 2008-05-07
961:. NHST Media Group. 2008-01-04
360:Alaskan Gasline Port Authority
1:
2011:Pipelines in British Columbia
1177:"Palin's Pipeline to Nowhere"
520:In June 2009 Alaska Governor
370:Alaska Gasline Inducement Act
353:Former Secretary of Interior
141:1,715 mi (2,760 km)
27:Proposed natural gas pipeline
1976:Proposed pipelines in Canada
1426:Trans-Alaska Pipeline System
1248:Hickel, Wally (2008-06-21).
554:Trans-Alaska Pipeline System
258:Canadian Arctic Gas Pipeline
1966:BP buildings and structures
979:Quinn, Steve (2008-04-09).
724:"Project Development Basis"
171:under the AGIA, a.k.a. the
2037:
1806:Gas Transmission Northwest
1062:Fowler, Tom (2008-04-10).
885:September 6, 2008, at the
809:. ktuu.com. Archived from
236:
29:
2016:Energy in Northern Canada
1913:
1895:Maritimes & Northeast
1761:Line 67 (Alberta Clipper)
1578:
1379:
784:. adn.com. Archived from
579:Loy, Weley (2008-01-04).
290:Mackenzie Valley Pipeline
173:Alaska Gas Inducement Act
32:Mackenzie Valley Pipeline
1811:Great Lakes Transmission
1478:Conoco-Phillips Building
837:August 26, 2010, at the
585:The Anchorage Daily News
339:Northern Border Pipeline
335:Pacific Gas Transmission
306:Federal Power Commission
1229:The Wall Street Journal
614:TransCanada Corporation
1493:Theddlethorpe Terminal
1373:Phillips Petroleum Co.
763:. CBC News. 2007-07-04
159:is a joint project of
1421:ConocoPhillips Alaska
1286:TransCanada Pipelines
749:Retrieved 2008-09-15.
544:Natural gas in Alaska
254:1973 OPEC oil embargo
133:Technical information
2021:Pipelines in Alberta
1854:Trans Mountain Corp.
1318:on October 29, 2008.
1254:Anchorage Daily News
1204:on February 25, 2012
938:Fairbanks News-Miner
891:Anchorage Daily News
349:All-Alaskan Pipeline
182:through Alaska, the
169:natural gas pipeline
1483:Denali Gas Pipeline
909:Capital City Weekly
893:, September 4, 2008
813:on 1 September 2008
788:on 4 September 2008
524:was interviewed on
496:Secretary of Energy
492:Canadian government
488:Bush administration
310:El Paso Corporation
284:. In addition, the
244:Initial evaluations
201:gas treatment plant
167:Corp. to develop a
157:Alaska gas pipeline
106:General information
40:Alaska gas pipeline
18:Alaska Gas Pipeline
1072:. Downstream Today
730:on August 13, 2008
512:The late Governor
402:, through Canada.
343:Williams Companies
299:conservation areas
180:Alaska North Slope
76:Alaska North Slope
1943:
1942:
1925:Canada portal
1900:Montreal–Portland
1787:
1786:
1610:
1609:
1555:Houston Rodeo Run
1488:Rampside Terminal
1466:
1465:
1069:Houston Chronicle
981:"Denali proposal"
668:www.arcticgas.gov
445:Royal Dutch Shell
392:TransCanada Corp.
388:TransCanada Corp.
161:TransCanada Corp.
153:
152:
146:Maximum discharge
123:TransCanada Corp.
64:General direction
16:(Redirected from
2028:
1991:Energy in Alaska
1933:
1932:
1923:
1922:
1921:
1679:
1637:
1630:
1623:
1614:
1598:
1597:
1586:
1585:
1519:Archie W. Dunham
1442:Concho Resources
1411:
1385:
1347:
1340:
1333:
1324:
1319:
1269:
1268:
1266:
1265:
1256:. Archived from
1245:
1239:
1238:
1236:
1235:
1220:
1214:
1213:
1211:
1209:
1194:
1188:
1187:
1185:
1184:
1173:
1167:
1166:
1164:
1163:
1151:
1144:
1138:
1137:
1135:
1134:
1119:
1110:
1109:
1107:
1106:
1094:
1087:
1081:
1080:
1078:
1077:
1059:
1053:
1052:
1050:
1049:
1037:
1030:
1024:
1023:
1021:
1020:
1006:
998:
992:
991:
989:
988:
976:
970:
969:
967:
966:
954:
947:
941:
931:
925:
924:
922:
921:
900:
894:
877:
871:
870:
868:
867:
852:
846:
828:
822:
821:
819:
818:
803:
797:
796:
794:
793:
778:
772:
771:
769:
768:
757:
751:
746:
740:
739:
737:
735:
726:. Archived from
719:
713:
704:
698:
689:
683:
682:
680:
679:
670:. Archived from
660:
654:
653:
651:
650:
635:
629:
628:
626:
625:
616:. Archived from
606:
600:
599:
597:
596:
587:. Archived from
576:
460:British Columbia
188:British Columbia
37:
21:
2036:
2035:
2031:
2030:
2029:
2027:
2026:
2025:
1996:Energy in Yukon
1946:
1945:
1944:
1939:
1919:
1917:
1909:
1866:
1848:
1830:
1816:Northern Border
1783:
1765:
1668:
1650:
1641:
1611:
1606:
1574:
1570:Phillips, Texas
1538:
1497:
1462:
1430:
1402:
1386:
1377:
1356:
1351:
1309:
1277:
1272:
1263:
1261:
1247:
1246:
1242:
1233:
1231:
1222:
1221:
1217:
1207:
1205:
1196:
1195:
1191:
1182:
1180:
1175:
1174:
1170:
1161:
1159:
1155:Upstream Online
1146:
1145:
1141:
1132:
1130:
1121:
1120:
1113:
1104:
1102:
1098:Upstream Online
1089:
1088:
1084:
1075:
1073:
1061:
1060:
1056:
1047:
1045:
1041:Upstream Online
1032:
1031:
1027:
1018:
1016:
1000:
999:
995:
986:
984:
978:
977:
973:
964:
962:
958:Upstream Online
949:
948:
944:
932:
928:
919:
917:
902:
901:
897:
887:Wayback Machine
878:
874:
865:
863:
854:
853:
849:
839:Wayback Machine
829:
825:
816:
814:
805:
804:
800:
791:
789:
780:
779:
775:
766:
764:
759:
758:
754:
747:
743:
733:
731:
722:
720:
716:
705:
701:
690:
686:
677:
675:
662:
661:
657:
648:
646:
637:
636:
632:
623:
621:
608:
607:
603:
594:
592:
578:
577:
566:
562:
540:
499:Spencer Abraham
484:
468:
425:
423:Denali proposal
372:
351:
319:Natural Gas Act
278:Mackenzie Delta
260:, Ltd.—a
246:
241:
235:
184:Yukon Territory
125:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2034:
2032:
2024:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1971:ConocoPhillips
1968:
1963:
1958:
1948:
1947:
1941:
1940:
1938:
1937:
1927:
1914:
1911:
1910:
1908:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1876:
1874:
1872:Joint ventures
1868:
1867:
1865:
1864:
1862:Trans Mountain
1858:
1856:
1850:
1849:
1847:
1846:
1840:
1838:
1832:
1831:
1829:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1797:
1795:
1789:
1788:
1785:
1784:
1782:
1781:
1775:
1773:
1767:
1766:
1764:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1687:
1685:
1676:
1670:
1669:
1667:
1666:
1660:
1658:
1652:
1651:
1642:
1640:
1639:
1632:
1625:
1617:
1608:
1607:
1605:
1604:
1592:
1579:
1576:
1575:
1573:
1572:
1567:
1565:Phillips 66ers
1562:
1557:
1552:
1550:Conoco Stadium
1546:
1544:
1543:Related topics
1540:
1539:
1537:
1536:
1534:Frank Phillips
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1505:
1503:
1499:
1498:
1496:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1474:
1472:
1468:
1467:
1464:
1463:
1461:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1444:
1438:
1436:
1432:
1431:
1429:
1428:
1423:
1417:
1415:
1408:
1404:
1403:
1401:
1400:
1394:
1392:
1388:
1387:
1380:
1378:
1376:
1375:
1370:
1364:
1362:
1358:
1357:
1354:ConocoPhillips
1352:
1350:
1349:
1342:
1335:
1327:
1321:
1320:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1283:
1276:
1275:External links
1273:
1271:
1270:
1240:
1215:
1189:
1168:
1139:
1111:
1082:
1054:
1025:
1009:New York Times
993:
971:
942:
926:
912:. 2008-12-17.
895:
872:
847:
845:, (2008-08-27.
843:Calgary Herald
830:Rosen, Yereth.
823:
798:
773:
752:
741:
714:
707:15 U.S.C.
699:
692:15 U.S.C.
684:
655:
630:
601:
563:
561:
558:
557:
556:
551:
546:
539:
536:
527:The Today Show
507:Michael Kergin
483:
480:
472:Alaska Highway
467:
464:
429:ConocoPhillips
424:
421:
371:
368:
350:
347:
245:
242:
234:
231:
190:, and down to
151:
150:
147:
143:
142:
139:
135:
134:
130:
129:
120:
116:
115:
112:
108:
107:
103:
102:
100:Alaska Highway
97:
96:Runs alongside
93:
92:
83:
79:
78:
73:
69:
68:
65:
61:
60:
51:
47:
46:
42:
41:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2033:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1953:
1951:
1936:
1928:
1926:
1916:
1915:
1912:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1877:
1875:
1873:
1869:
1863:
1860:
1859:
1857:
1855:
1851:
1845:
1842:
1841:
1839:
1837:
1833:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1798:
1796:
1794:
1790:
1780:
1777:
1776:
1774:
1772:
1768:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1688:
1686:
1684:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1671:
1665:
1662:
1661:
1659:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1638:
1633:
1631:
1626:
1624:
1619:
1618:
1615:
1603:
1602:
1593:
1591:
1590:
1581:
1580:
1577:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1547:
1545:
1541:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1524:E. W. Marland
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1506:
1504:
1500:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1475:
1473:
1469:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1418:
1416:
1412:
1409:
1405:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1393:
1389:
1384:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1365:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1348:
1343:
1341:
1336:
1334:
1329:
1328:
1325:
1317:
1313:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1278:
1274:
1260:on 2012-07-19
1259:
1255:
1251:
1244:
1241:
1230:
1226:
1219:
1216:
1203:
1199:
1193:
1190:
1178:
1172:
1169:
1157:
1156:
1150:
1143:
1140:
1128:
1124:
1118:
1116:
1112:
1100:
1099:
1093:
1086:
1083:
1071:
1070:
1065:
1058:
1055:
1043:
1042:
1036:
1029:
1026:
1014:
1010:
1005:
997:
994:
982:
975:
972:
960:
959:
953:
946:
943:
939:
935:
930:
927:
915:
911:
910:
905:
899:
896:
892:
888:
884:
881:
876:
873:
862:
861:Bloomburg.com
858:
851:
848:
844:
840:
836:
833:
827:
824:
812:
808:
802:
799:
787:
783:
777:
774:
762:
756:
753:
750:
745:
742:
734:September 29,
729:
725:
718:
715:
712:
708:
703:
700:
697:
693:
688:
685:
674:on 2015-09-08
673:
669:
665:
659:
656:
645:on 2009-08-10
644:
640:
634:
631:
620:on 2015-09-19
619:
615:
611:
605:
602:
591:on 2008-09-04
590:
586:
582:
575:
573:
571:
569:
565:
559:
555:
552:
550:
547:
545:
542:
541:
537:
535:
533:
529:
528:
523:
518:
515:
510:
508:
505:
500:
497:
493:
489:
481:
479:
477:
476:First Nations
473:
465:
463:
461:
457:
452:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
422:
420:
416:
414:
409:
406:
403:
401:
397:
393:
389:
384:
382:
377:
369:
367:
363:
361:
356:
348:
346:
344:
340:
336:
330:
326:
324:
320:
315:
311:
307:
302:
300:
295:
294:Thomas Berger
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
243:
240:
232:
230:
227:
222:
219:
213:
210:
206:
205:Point Thomson
202:
198:
193:
189:
185:
181:
176:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
148:
144:
140:
136:
131:
128:
124:
121:
117:
113:
109:
104:
101:
98:
94:
91:
87:
84:
80:
77:
74:
70:
66:
62:
59:
55:
54:United States
52:
48:
43:
38:
33:
19:
1879:
1599:
1587:
1482:
1407:Subsidiaries
1361:Predecessors
1316:the original
1262:. Retrieved
1258:the original
1253:
1243:
1232:. Retrieved
1228:
1218:
1206:. Retrieved
1202:the original
1192:
1181:. Retrieved
1171:
1160:. Retrieved
1153:
1142:
1131:. Retrieved
1126:
1103:. Retrieved
1096:
1085:
1074:. Retrieved
1067:
1057:
1046:. Retrieved
1039:
1028:
1017:. Retrieved
1008:
996:
985:. Retrieved
974:
963:. Retrieved
956:
945:
929:
918:. Retrieved
907:
898:
890:
875:
864:. Retrieved
860:
850:
842:
826:
815:. Retrieved
811:the original
801:
790:. Retrieved
786:the original
776:
765:. Retrieved
755:
744:
732:. Retrieved
728:the original
717:
702:
687:
676:. Retrieved
672:the original
667:
658:
647:. Retrieved
643:the original
633:
622:. Retrieved
618:the original
613:
604:
593:. Retrieved
589:the original
584:
525:
519:
514:Wally Hickel
511:
485:
469:
453:
426:
417:
410:
407:
404:
385:
373:
364:
359:
355:Wally Hickel
352:
331:
327:
323:Jimmy Carter
303:
247:
223:
214:
177:
156:
154:
1935:WikiProject
1826:TransCanada
1779:BC pipeline
1771:Natural gas
1560:Phillips 66
1529:James Mulva
1514:John Carrig
1509:Boots Adams
1208:October 15,
522:Sarah Palin
396:North Slope
376:Sarah Palin
250:Prudhoe Bay
209:Prudhoe Bay
114:natural gas
67:north–south
1950:Categories
1836:SaskEnergy
1821:Northwest
1756:Line 14/64
1502:Key people
1471:Facilities
1288:' project
1264:2008-09-15
1234:2009-12-15
1183:2013-05-22
1162:2008-06-14
1133:2011-05-22
1105:2008-06-14
1076:2008-06-14
1048:2008-06-14
1019:2008-06-14
987:2008-06-14
965:2008-06-14
920:2008-12-19
866:2008-09-16
817:2008-08-29
792:2008-08-29
767:2008-06-14
711:§ 719
696:§ 717
678:2015-09-11
649:2010-05-26
624:2015-09-11
595:2008-06-14
560:References
532:Matt Lauer
437:ExxonMobil
262:consortium
237:See also:
218:seed money
203:(GTP) and
197:Valdez, AK
165:ExxonMobil
127:ExxonMobil
2006:TC Energy
1793:TC Energy
1664:Brunswick
1644:Pipelines
286:Foothills
1890:Iroquois
1885:Alliance
1844:TransGas
1801:Keystone
1674:Enbridge
1589:Category
1013:Archived
914:Archived
883:Archived
835:Archived
538:See also
490:and the
482:Politics
441:Enbridge
400:Lower 48
119:Partners
45:Location
1746:Line 11
1741:Line 10
1701:Line 2B
1696:Line 2A
1601:Commons
1453:Marland
1414:Current
1290:website
449:Gazprom
413:Calgary
398:to the
381:Sinopec
282:Alberta
276:to the
233:History
192:Alberta
90:Alberta
86:Calgary
50:Country
1905:Vector
1880:Alaska
1736:Line 9
1731:Line 8
1726:Line 7
1721:Line 6
1716:Line 5
1711:Line 4
1706:Line 3
1691:Line 1
1648:Canada
1458:ProJET
1447:Lukoil
1435:Former
1398:Conoco
1391:Brands
1368:Conoco
983:. WTOP
709:
694:
186:, and
138:Length
58:Canada
1656:Emera
1449:(20%)
466:Route
456:Yukon
274:Yukon
270:Exxon
266:Shell
1210:2008
736:2016
458:and
447:and
431:and
337:and
163:and
155:The
111:Type
72:From
1683:Oil
1646:in
530:by
435:.
314:LNG
1952::
1252:.
1227:.
1152:.
1125:.
1114:^
1095:.
1066:.
1038:.
1011:.
1007:.
955:.
936:,
906:.
889:,
859:.
841:,
666:.
612:.
583:.
567:^
443:,
433:BP
301:.
268:,
88:,
82:To
56:,
1636:e
1629:t
1622:v
1346:e
1339:t
1332:v
1267:.
1237:.
1212:.
1186:.
1165:.
1136:.
1108:.
1079:.
1051:.
1022:.
990:.
968:.
923:.
869:.
820:.
795:.
770:.
738:.
681:.
652:.
627:.
598:.
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.