2015:. 1981. pp. 100–101. "The term /evjeni̇́stika/ meaning "polite", used by the young speaker to refer to Greek, is offered as synonymous to /shkljiri̇́shtika/ one of the various morphological shapes of the Arvanitika word /shkljeri̇́shtë/ which refers to "the Greek language". Thus, Greek is equated with the more refined, soft, and polite talk. The concept of politeness is occasionally extended from the language to its speakers who are the representatives of the urban culture. In conversations in Kiriaki, I heard the word /shklji̇́ra/ (fem.) referring to a city women who exhibits polite and fancy behavior according to the local view. As I stated in the introduction to this dissertation, most of the occurrences of the term /shkljeri̇́shtë/ are not socially marked, and simply refer to the Greek language. But a few are so marked and these are the ones that reflect the speakers' attitudes. The term /shkljeri̇́shtë/ is ambiguous. This ambiguity offers a valuable clue to the gradual shift in attitudes. It points to the more prestigious Greek language and culture, and also has a derogatory sense. In my data only the first meaning of the socially marked senses of the word occurs."; pp. 101–102. "The second meaning is offered by Kazazis in his description of the Arvanitika community of Sofikó, in the Peloponnese (1976:48):
1553:
Greek economic crisis started in 2011, the total number of
Albanians in Greece has fluctuated. According to a study of 2012 conducted in Albania it is estimated that around 18%-22% Albanian immigrants returned to Albania the last five years. As of 2019, Greece was the second top destination for Albanians, as movement to Greece constituted 35.3% of total Albanian immigration. Albanian immigrants are the largest immigrant community in Greece. In recent years many Albanian workers and their families have left Greece for other countries in Europe in search of better prospects. In 2022, the number of Albanian citizens in Greece with a valid residency permit was 291,868; down from 422,954 in 2021. As of 2022, in total, there might have been more than 500,000 Albanian-born migrants and their children who received Greek citizenship over the years.
2019:... two older people from Sofiko told me independently that, to the not-so-remote past, it was those who spoke Greek with their fellow-Arvanites who were ridiculed. Even today, if an older inhabitant of Sofiko were to speak predominantly in Greek with his fellow villagers of the same age, he would be called i shkljerishtúarë, literally "Hellenized" but used here as a derogatory term denoting affectation. One of those two informants, a woman, said that, until about 1950, it was a shame for a girl in Sofiko to speak Greek with her peers, for that was considered as "putting on airs." In Spata, /shkljeri̇́shtë/ is used only to refer to "the Greek language" although speakers are aware of the other meanings of the word."
686:
907:
1894:. [The official data published by the Greek government for September of this year show that there are 291 thousand 868 Albanian emigrants with valid residence permits in Greece, which make up about 61.4 per cent of the legal migrants. The data on the number of Albanians with legal residence permits for this year's September, show a significantly lower number compared to last year's September, where 425 thousand and 740 Albanians were in Greece with valid legal residences, which constituted about 63 per cent of foreigners in this country.]
2458:
1580:. Recent studies have shown that second generation immigrants have intricate, hybrid, circumstantial, and complex senses of identity. Which relate to feelings of acceptance or belonging. Even before emigration, some Albanians from the south of Albania adopt a Greek identity including name changes, adherence to the Orthodox faith, and other assimilation tactics in order to avoid prejudices against migrants in Greece. In this way, they hope to get valid visas and eventual naturalization in Greece.
1116:). The Albanian-speaking area included Zermi, Krania, Papadates, Rousatsa, Derviziana, Mousiotitsa. In the mid 1800s Albanian was spoken in 33 out of 46 villages of Tsarkovista. In the late 19th century, the use of Albanian had decreased. Sirziana, Mousiotitsa, Derviziana and Zorista are described as being exclusively Albanian-speaking, while use of Albanian had stopped in Lippas, Toskesi, Gratsiana, Bariades, Kopanoi by 1888 according to contemporary Greek historian I. Labridis.
221:
1214:
1519:
3364:
1545:
the special ID card had to do with ethnic
Albanians using fake documents which presented them as members of the Greek minority to obtain it. In 2008, the citizenship law change in Greece allowed for holders of special ID cards to obtain Greek citizenship and about 45,000 did so just in the first three years of its implementation. As of 2022, the number of Albanian citizens who are holders of special IDs as
1135:'immigrants'; they comprised the lowest social class in the region and lived at the outskirts of the villages without civil and property rights. They often worked as guards for the villages which had no military protection, and as workers in their fields. They intermarried into the communities of Zagori or were adopted by Zagorisian families and quickly became part of the local population. In the case of
818:. In recent years many Albanian workers and their families have left Greece for other countries in Europe in search of better prospects. In 2022, the number of Albanian citizens in Greece with a valid residency permit was 291,868; down from 422,954 in 2021. As of 2022, in total, there might have been more than 500,000 Albanian immigrants and their children who received Greek citizenship over the years.
3412:
3091:
1604:
879:, Muslim Chams lost the privileged status they enjoyed during Ottoman rule and were subject to discrimination from time to time. During World War II, large parts of the Muslim Chams collaborated with the Axis occupation forces, committing atrocities against the local population. In 1944, when the Axis withdrew, many Muslim Chams fled to Albania or were forcibly expelled by the
2351:, p. 15: "Οι μέτοικοι (Αρβανίτες, Σουλιώτες και κάτοικοι από την περιοχή Λάκκα Σουλίου), που εργαζόταν σαν μισθοφόροι οπλίτες και εργάτες στα χωράφια των Ζαγορίσιων, και οι Γύφτοι (σιδεράδες-μουσικοί) αποτελούσαν τα χαμηλότερα κοινωνικά στρώματα και ζούσαν στα όρια του οικισμού, χωρίς να έχουν πολιτικά δικαιώματα και ιδιοκτησία."
1534:
arrived in Greece seeking employment. There are seven major types of migration and return between
Albania and Greece. The return could be prepared, or abrupt and forced, or voluntary. And these types also have flavors of being by necessity, or by choice, or by opportunity. There is also the idea that
1741:
To this, we need to add an estimate of irregular migrants; some Greek researchers have argued that
Albanians have a rate of 30 per cent irregularity in Greece, but this is contested as rather high by others (see Maroukis 2009: 62). If we accept a more conservative share than that–e.g. 20 per cent–we
813:
While Greece does not record ethnicity on censuses, Albanians form the largest non-Greek ethnic community and the top immigrant population in the country. As of 2019, Greece was the second top destination for
Albanians, as movement to Greece constituted 35.3% of total Albanian immigration. Albanian
2738:
Selon les chiffres officiels du ministère grec de l'Éducation, en 2004-2005, environ 140 000 élèves migrants et Grecs rapatriés constituaient presque 10 % de la population scolaire grecque totale (1 449 032) . La majorité de ces étudiants est d'origine albanaise ; en 2002-2003, 72 %
2105:
Greek speaking
Muslims were indeed inassimilable into the body of post-independence Hellenes while Albanian speaking Orthodox played a crucial role in the war of independence, and Albanian was a second language in the Greek navy into the twentieth century... Orthodox Albanians' relationship to the
2035:. East European Monographs. p. 178. "North Albanian call Slavs shqé (sg. shqá <shkjá <shklá, from sclavus), whereas to Greco-Albanians shklerisht means 'in the Greek language.' Hamp observes that "obviously the meaning is traditionally 'the neighbouring foreigner,' as with Welsh, Vlah, etc.""
1556:
After the first generation of
Albanian migrants settled in Greece, second-generation Albanians who were either born or raised in Greece began to attend compulsory education. In 2004-2005, there were ca. 100,000 Albanian students in the Greek school system and they constituted 72% of migrant pupils
1544:
was issued in 2001 which was received by 189,000 individuals who resided in Greece at the time. For ethnic Greeks from
Albania this measure was seen as treating them as "lower class citizens" as in order to obtain it their "Greekness" was examined in the form of a questionnaire. Another issue with
2814:
The Muslim Chams from their entry into the Greek state until the start of the Greco-Italian war (1913-1940): the story of a community from millet to nation [Οι μουσουλμάνοι Τσάμηδες από την είσοδό τους στο ελληνικό κράτος μέχρι την έναρξη του ελληνοϊταλικού πολέμου (1913-1940): η ιστορία μιας
2211:
Speaking
Albanian, for example, is not a predictor with respect to other matters of identity .. There are also long standing Christian Albanian (or Arvanitika speaking) communities both in Epirus and the Florina district of Macedonia with unquestioned identification with the Greek nation. .. The
1552:
In the 2011 census, 480,851 Albanian immigrants were recorded in Greece. Accounting for non-permanent or irregular migration which constitutes up to 30% of
Albanian immigrants in Greece, other estimates put their number closer to 600,000-670,000 (~6% of the total population of Greece). Since the
797:
entered Greece after the fall of Communism (1991) and forms the largest expatriate community in the country. They form the largest migrant group in Greece. A portion of these immigrants avoid declaring as Albanian in order to avoid prejudices and exclusion. These Albanian newcomers may resort to
1539:
from Albania are estimated to account for 60–65% of the total number of immigrants in the country. Systems of migration are established by way of a cumulative effect of previous migrations, in addition to current movements. According to the 2001 census, there were 443,550 Albanian immigrants in
2271:
In several Albanian villages in Epirus (e.g., Plikati in the Ioannina district), the people of Albanian origin are sometimes called Arvanites, although there is an essential difference between them and the Arvanites of central and southern Greece. The Arvanitika-speaking villages form language
1742:
come to a total of around 670,000 for all Albanian migrants in Greece in 2010, which is rather lower than that supplied by NID (Table 3.2). In a country with a total population of around eleven million, this is nevertheless a considerable presence: around 6 per cent of the total population
2607:
977:. Although they retain their Arvanitic dialect and cultural similarities with Albanians, they refuse national connections with them and do not consider themselves an ethnic minority. Albanian remained a "second language" in the Greek navy into the 20th century. Arvanitika is
2272:
island(s), as they are not connected geographically to the main Albanian-speaking area, whereas the villages in Epirus border Albanian-speaking territory and thus share more linguistic traits of the type that emerged later in the more extensive Tosk-inhabited territory.
1205:, a substantial minority of Albanian-speakers existed who spoke a dialect intermediate between Cham and Lab. However, during Ottoman era the Albanian minority in the kaza of Ioannina did not consist of native families but was limited to some Ottoman public servants.
2481:
American Ethnologist, Vol. 26, No. 1 (Feb., 1999), pp. 196-220. (article consists of 25 pages). Published by: Blackwell Publishing on behalf of the American Anthropological Association "There are also long standing... unquestioned identification with the Greek
2739:
des élèves migrants dans les écoles grecques étaient de nationalité albanaise (IPODE, 2006). Selon les données disponibles les plus récentes (Revithiadou, 2012), le nombre d'étudiants d'origine albanaise a atteint 77,6 % durant l'année scolaire 2012-2011.
739:. They are divided into distinct communities as a result of different waves of migration. Albanians first migrated into Greece during the late 13th century. The descendants of populations of Albanian origin who settled in Greece during the Middle Ages are the
2711:
Tsokalidou, Roula; Gkaintartzi, Anastasia; Markou, Evi (2013). "Le bilinguisme se développe en Grèce : résultats de recherches et pratiques préscolaires alternatives du groupe « Polydromo »". In Hélot, Christine; Petit, Jean-Marie (eds.).
2336:, p. 117: "Die durch die Auswanderungen entstandenen Bevölkerungslücken füllten zugewanderte orthodoxe Albaner (Arvaniten), die verschiedene Hilfsarbeiten in den fast männerleeren Dörfern übernahmen und schnell in der übrigen Bevölkerung aufgingen."
1564:, assimilation and integration in Greece. Despite social and political problems experienced by the wave of immigration in the 1990s and 2000s, Albanians have integrated better in Greece than other non-Greeks. A portion of Albanian newcomers change their
1123:. Most of the Albanian settlement in Zagori can be attributed to post-15th century settlement that resulted from labour gaps caused by the outward migration of locals, as well as movements of groups like the Souliotes. These Albanians (locally known as
2750:
Labrianidis, Lois, and Antigone Lyberaki. "Back and forth and in between: returning Albanian migrants from Greece and Italy." Journal of International Migration and Integration/Revue de l'integration et de la migration internationale 5, no. 1 (2004):
1139:, although no memories are preserved among the local population of any past Albanian presence, Albanian linguistic remnants in the local Greek speech suggest that they were the first settlers of the village; this would also explain the local
1020:
Historically, aside from the Cham and Souliote settlements, Albanians have also formed communities in other areas of Epirus. Those Christian Albanians found in Epirus today identify with the Greek nation. A small community is located in the
1868:
Lazaridis, Gabriella, and Iordanis Psimmenos. "Migrant flows from Albania to Greece: economic, social and spatial exclusion." In Eldorado or Fortress? Migration in Southern Europe, pp. 170-185. Palgrave Macmillan, London,
1684:
Lazaridis, Gabriella, and Iordanis Psimmenos. "Migrant flows from Albania to Greece: economic, social and spatial exclusion." In Eldorado or Fortress? Migration in Southern Europe, pp. 170-185. Palgrave Macmillan, London,
1674:
Iosifides, Theodoros, Mari Lavrentiadou, Electra Petracou, and Antonios Kontis. "Forms of social capital and the incorporation of Albanian immigrants in Greece." Journal of ethnic and migration studies 33, no. 8 (2007):
849:. The Chams are primarily distinguished from other Albanian groups by their distinct dialect of Tosk Albanian, the Cham dialect, which is among the most conservative of the Albanian dialects. During the rule of the
1933:
Prints and Impressions from Ottoman Smyrna: The Collection de Costumes Civils Et Militaires, Scènes Populaires, Et Vues de L'Asie-Mineure Album (1836-38) at Harvard University's Fine Arts Library
3016:
1225:
also saw Albanian settlement. In the modern era only a small group of Christian, Albanian-speakers, speakers of a Northern Tosk Albanian dialect are still to be found in the villages of
2474:
2179:
2762:
1809:
1237:
in Florina regional unit. During the Ottoman era however, the Albanian population of the region was more widespread. These communities were largely found in and around the cities of
1915:
In total, there could potentially be more than half a million Albanian-born individuals in Greece who along with their children have been granted Greek citizenship over the years.
2659:
3400:
2225:
1721:
1488:
938:
and were the dominant population element of some regions in the south of Greece until the 19th century. Arvanites call themselves with the Old Albanian endonym
783:
942:, and until the 19th century they were regarded as ethnically distinct from the Greeks. Amongst the Arvanites, this difference was expressed in words such as
2685:
1930:; Wittman, Richard (2019). "Historical comments on the Illustrations in the Harvard Fulgenzi Album of Lithographs (1836-38)". In Collaço, Gwendolyn (ed.).
1844:
Lars Brügger; Karl Kaser; Robert Pichler; Stephanie Schwander-Sievers (2002). "Umstrittene Identitäten. Grenzüberschreitungen zuhause und in der Fremde".
950:
for the Greek language that had until recent decades negative overtones. These words in Arvanitika have their related counterpart in the pejorative term
4093:
3079:
3849:
3779:
3721:
1879:
4098:
3393:
3024:
2945:
2921:
2900:
2858:
2731:
2471:
2199:
1768:
743:, who have been fully assimilated into the Greek nation and self-identify as Greeks. Today, they still maintain their distinct subdialect of
3378:
2770:
1817:
810:. Through this, they hope to attain easier access to visas and naturalisation. After migration to Greece, most are baptized and integrated.
3986:
3799:
3526:
3129:
2713:
2083:
2056:
1965:
Wir sind die Deinen: Studien zur albanischen Sprache, Literatur und Kulturgeschichte, dem Gedenken an Martin Camaj (1925–1992) gewidmet
1938:
The 1861 depiction of an Arvanite warrior by Carl Haag at the Benaki Museum in Athens is but one of the more well-known such portrayals.
1398:
Sporadic Albanian communities, Christian Orthodox by faith, have further settled in other areas of Macedonia, including the villages of
672:
1108:, respectively. In the western Ioannina district, Albanian was concentrated in the region known as Tsarkovista (divided between modern
989:
and large-scale internal migration to the cities in recent decades. The Arvanites are not considered an ethnic minority within Greece.
4047:
3824:
3571:
2663:
2551:
2434:Στον καζά των Ιωαννίνων που συγκροτούνταν από 225 χωριά, δεν ζούσε καμιά αλβανική οικογένεια εκτός από κάποιους Αλβανούς υπαλλήλους .
2643:
1999:
1972:
1853:
1734:
2256:"Ethnic and linguistic minorities in the border region of Albania, Greece, and Macedonia: An overview of legal and societal status"
2633:
4062:
4014:
3911:
3906:
3386:
1846:
Die weite Welt und das Dorf. Albanische Emigration am Ende des 20. Jahrhunderts = Zur Kunde Südosteuropas: Albanologische Studien
3260:
2419:
Historia tēs Ēpeirou: apo tis arches tēs Othōmanokratias hōs tis meres mas [History of Epirus: From Ottoman Rule to Present
1703:
374:
1910:
685:
4019:
3871:
2837:
2427:
1656:
Vathi, Zana. Migrating and settling in a mobile world: Albanian migrants and their children in Europe. Springer Nature, 2015.
599:
594:
410:
379:
2233:
4024:
3072:
3057:
1936:. Memoria : fontes minores ad historiam Imperii Ottomanici pertinentes. Vol. 4. Max Weber Stiftung. p. 76.
1637:
3971:
3613:
3215:
3210:
1627:
1527:
1495:, a name applied to all groups of Albanian origin in Greece, but which primarily refers to the southern dialectological
1392:
1190:. Local Albanian traces, with the exception of some toponyms, have disappeared; an extensive study of 3,546 toponyms in
277:
2660:"More than 130,000 Albanians have left Greece since 2011, as crisis, prejudice persist | Three Five Five Magazine"
906:
3941:
3901:
3881:
3861:
3764:
3490:
3171:
1589:
1462:
884:
771:
530:
486:
4052:
3876:
3714:
3367:
3286:
3276:
2515:
Euromosaic (1996): "L'arvanite / albanais en Grèce". Report published by the Institut de Sociolingüística Catalana.
344:
445:
4072:
4057:
4042:
4004:
3956:
3951:
3926:
3784:
2853:. Routledge research on the global politics of migration (1st ed.). Abingdon, Oxon New York, NY: Routledge.
2823:
1005:
left Epirus open to increasing Albanian migration. Albanian tribes soon conquered most of the region, except for
1002:
966:
869:
841:
Groups of Albanians are first recorded in Epirus during the high Middle Ages. Some of their descendants form the
693:
3981:
3931:
3891:
3844:
3839:
3829:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3789:
3774:
3769:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3638:
3250:
3065:
2375:, p. 115: "Die Spuren der Albaner bzw. Arvaniten sind mit Ausnahme der albanischen Toponyme verschwunden."
1097:
1093:
1022:
359:
204:
910:
Depiction of an Arvanite warrior with Albanian traditional clothing and equipment in a watercolor painting by
2573:
Journal of International Migration and Integration / Revue de l'integration et de la migration internationale
1882:[The number of Albanian immigrants in seasonal jobs in Greece decreases, the owners increase wages].
4067:
4009:
3976:
3966:
3946:
3936:
3921:
3916:
3896:
3866:
3834:
3819:
3794:
3730:
3633:
3594:
3587:
3556:
3416:
3349:
3205:
3109:
1422:
1101:
665:
646:
584:
416:
272:
161:
3961:
3886:
3856:
3041:
2962:
2457:
1411:
1380:
1061:
815:
589:
304:
3193:
267:
3707:
3628:
3235:
3119:
2850:
Rethinking migration and return in Southeastern Europe: Albanian mobilities to and from Italy and Greece
2255:
1531:
725:
557:
491:
401:
309:
2893:
The Late Pashalik of Ioannina: Space, Administration and Population in Ottoman-ruled Epirus (1820–1913)
1781:
Hart, Laurie Kain (1999). "Culture, Civilization, and Demarcation at the Northwest Borders of Greece".
2888:Το ύστερο Γιαννιώτικο Πασαλίκι: χώρος, διοίκηση και πληθυσμός στην τουρκοκρατούμενη Ηπειρο (1820–1913)
2569:"Civic Stratification, 'Plastic' Citizenship and 'Plastic Subjectivities' in Greek Immigration Policy"
1665:
Managing Migration: The Promise of Cooperation. By Philip L. Martin, Susan Forbes Martin, Patrick Weil
3668:
3566:
3510:
3444:
3344:
3255:
3225:
3183:
3161:
3151:
3146:
3134:
3124:
3114:
2979:
1617:
1171:
751:, although it is endangered as the younger generations no longer speak it due to language attrition.
697:
604:
562:
547:
441:
369:
339:
329:
324:
314:
257:
1479:, as a result of migration during the early 20th century. They speak the Northern Tosk subbranch of
3653:
3648:
3623:
3505:
3312:
3245:
3230:
3220:
3200:
3156:
2229:
1342:
1319:
1277:
978:
552:
466:
364:
354:
334:
282:
2829:
The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest
3683:
3439:
3328:
3307:
3291:
3281:
3240:
3188:
2999:
2588:
1632:
1557:(2002-2003). By 2011-2012 students of Albanian origin made up 77.6% of migrant pupils in Greece.
1230:
1226:
1222:
1140:
1089:
735:) are people of Albanian ethnicity or ancestry who live in or originate from areas within modern
658:
641:
628:
349:
319:
299:
3546:
3095:
3020:
2941:
2917:
2896:
2854:
2833:
2727:
2639:
2568:
2423:
1995:
1968:
1849:
1764:
1730:
1622:
1541:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1311:
1300:
1257:
1195:
1077:
1073:
1014:
974:
708:
513:
481:
451:
189:
125:
2937:
The Despotate of Epiros 1267–1479: A Contribution to the History of Greece in the Middle Ages
2080:
2053:
3643:
3519:
3045:
2991:
2966:
2782:
Er lächelt und antwortet in einwandfreiem Griechisch: ‚Ich bin eigentlich auch ein Albaner.'
2719:
2580:
2191:
1829:
Er lächelt und antwortet in einwandfreiem Griechisch: ‚Ich bin eigentlich auch ein Albaner.'
1790:
1536:
1446:
1334:
1304:
611:
535:
525:
421:
394:
1535:
return is a 'success', when one has migrated away, gained wealth, and now returned. Recent
3688:
3673:
3663:
3618:
3538:
3139:
2555:
2548:
2478:
2087:
2060:
1927:
1468:
1434:
1418:
1372:
1289:
1167:
775:
496:
426:
105:
1759:
939:
1880:"Ulet numri i emigrantëve shqiptarë në punët sezonale të Greqisë, pronarët rrisin pagat"
1213:
220:
3561:
3483:
3449:
3176:
1577:
1484:
1472:
1338:
1265:
1113:
986:
982:
854:
850:
842:
832:
807:
787:
763:
755:
716:
471:
436:
431:
133:
1518:
958:. Ultimately these terms used amongst Albanian speakers originate from the Latin word
4087:
3658:
3454:
3003:
2870:"Die Zagóri-Dörfer in Nordgriechenland: Wirtschaftliche Einheit – ethnische Vielfalt"
2812:
2592:
1609:
1565:
1561:
1480:
1293:
1253:
1038:
931:
799:
744:
542:
520:
476:
2848:
2723:
3580:
2995:
2931:
1330:
1315:
1281:
1269:
1069:
1010:
845:, which formerly inhabited the coastal regions of Epirus, largely corresponding to
779:
406:
157:
81:
17:
2935:
2911:
2886:
2827:
2686:"Albanian Greek relations from the eyes of the Albanian public- perceptions 2013"
2417:
1960:
1931:
1119:
Over the centuries, some groups of Albanians also settled in various villages of
1442:
1285:
1163:
1065:
935:
876:
165:
89:
934:. They descended from Albanian settlers who migrated to Greece during the late
3049:
2584:
2450:
2254:
Korhonen, Jani; Makartsev, Maxim; Petrusevka, Milica; Spasov, Ljudmil (2016).
1599:
1569:
1438:
1350:
1105:
1042:
927:
846:
748:
621:
456:
169:
153:
129:
2970:
2445:
2195:
2099:
Costa Carras (2004). "Greek Identity: A Long View". In Maria Todorova (ed.).
1794:
3497:
3476:
2980:"The Albanians in the Chronicle(s) of Ioannina: An Anthropological Approach"
1503:
1496:
1388:
1368:
1361:
1346:
1333:
were Christian Orthodox, whereas Muslim Albanians inhabited the villages of
1296:
1175:
1085:
1081:
1057:
1053:
998:
919:
911:
901:
861:
836:
740:
577:
262:
231:
212:
184:
2180:"Culture, Civilization, and Demarcation at the Northwest Borders of Greece"
1310:
On the other hand, Christian Orthodox Albanians resided in the villages of
3699:
2472:
Culture, Civilization, and Demarcation at the Northwest Borders of Greece.
3678:
3035:
1450:
1326:
1273:
1242:
1202:
1187:
1136:
1006:
962:
which contained the traditional meaning of "the neighbouring foreigner".
113:
2956:
2632:
Martin, Philip L.; Martin, Susan Forbes; Weil, Patrick (28 March 2018).
1723:
Albania on the Move: Links Between Internal and International Migration
1502:. The Albanian speakers of Western Thrace and Macedonia use the common
1384:
1357:
1249:
1238:
1234:
1183:
1159:
1049:
1030:
1026:
794:
616:
244:
149:
97:
1961:"Shqiptar–The generalization of this ethnic name in the XVIII century"
1322:, with these communities utilizing Albanian at least until the 1990s.
1158:. Besides Tristeno, Albanians also settled in the villages of Aristi,
3551:
3434:
3420:
3411:
2212:
Tschamides were both Christians and Muslims by the late 18th century
1476:
1329:, Albanians in the city itself as well as the surrounding village of
1261:
1191:
1120:
1109:
970:
923:
767:
759:
736:
461:
251:
73:
65:
2869:
853:
in Epirus, many Chams converted to Islam, while a minority remained
793:
Alongside these two groups, a large wave of economic migrants from
762:, in northwestern Greece and the southernmost part of Albania. The
1573:
1517:
1212:
1179:
1013:
was captured in 1367 or shortly after, becoming the centre of the
955:
905:
865:
803:
790:
Albanian communities have been assimilated into the Greek nation.
684:
145:
1758:
Blutiges Edelweiß: Die 1. Gebirgs-division im zweiten Weltkrieg
880:
3703:
3382:
3061:
2715:
Développement du langage et plurilinguisme chez le jeune enfant
1467:
Another small group is to be found in northeastern Greece, in
1367:
Following the October 1913 looting of the Albanian village of
1029:
district. Albanian communities also reside in the village of
1449:. Traces of the Malakasioi are evident in the settlement of
864:
were a distinct subgroup of Cham Albanians who lived in the
782:
after large parts of their population collaborated with the
3013:
Tabula Imperii Byzantini, Band 3: Nikopolis und Kephallēnia
2608:"Albanian Immigrants in Greece From Unwanted to Tolerated?"
1911:"Albanian Residents Leaving Greece for Wealthier Countries"
1483:
and are descendants of the Orthodox Albanian population of
802:
to Greek ones, and if they are Muslim, their religion from
1967:. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. pp. 534–536.
1760:
Bloodstained Edelweiss. The 1st Mountain-Division in WWII
1704:"Rights Denied: Albanians in Greece Face Long-Term Limbo"
1572:
ones and their religion, if they are not Christian, from
1217:
Villages of Florina with speakers of Arvanitika in yellow
3017:
Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
2503:
Greek Helsinki Monitor (1995): "Report: The Arvanites".
1528:
the fall of the communist government in Albania in 1990
3037:
Monastery architecture in Zagori, Epirus (1430 - 1913)
2832:. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press.
2491:
1905:
1903:
1901:
1425:
are identified as part of the Greek nation as well.
1025:, where they form a majority in two villages of the
4033:
3995:
3737:
3606:
3463:
3427:
3337:
3321:
3300:
3269:
3102:
2793:
2536:
2524:
2314:
2312:
2310:
2308:
2306:
2304:
1130:
1124:
730:
175:
139:
119:
59:
49:
2397:Xhufi, Pëllumb (February 2006). "Çamët ortodoks".
2567:Κonsta, Anna-Maria; Lazaridis, Gabriella (2010).
1048:Albanian communities historically have inhabited
875:When Epirus joined Greece in 1913, following the
798:self-assimilation tactics such as changing their
2344:
2342:
1729:. Amsterdam University Press, 2012. p. 73.
758:are an Albanian group from the coastal parts of
2329:
2327:
1549:(Greek co-ethnics) has been reduced to 13,329.
1364:was inhabited by a Muslim Albanian population.
1194:, found that 184 (5.19%) were mediated via the
1144:
1033:of Konitsa. Although they are sometimes called
2635:Managing Migration: The Promise of Cooperation
1839:
1837:
973:and to be largely assimilated into mainstream
35:
3715:
3394:
3073:
2416:Vakalopoulos, Kōnstantinos Apostolou (2003).
2033:The politics of language in socialist Albania
1697:
1695:
1693:
1691:
1489:population exchange between Greece and Turkey
1417:Those small Arvanite-speaking communities in
883:resistance group. This event is known as the
868:region, and were known for their role in the
666:
8:
2690:Albanian Institute for International Studies
2615:Journal of Liberty and International Affairs
2549:Mediterranean Migration Observatory - Tables
2511:
2509:
2165:
2117:
1715:
1713:
32:
2895:] (in Greek). Athens, Greece: EIE-ΚΝΕ.
2106:Greek tradition has however remained fluid.
1994:. Cambridge University Press, 2000, p. 29,
41:
3722:
3708:
3700:
3401:
3387:
3379:
3080:
3066:
3058:
2295:
2103:. New York University Press. p. 320.
2071:Botsi (2003: 90); Lawrence (2007: 22; 156)
2044:Botsi (2003: 90); Lawrence (2007: 22; 156)
1491:in the 1920s. They are known in Greece as
1252:itself, along with the nearby villages of
673:
659:
199:
31:
2940:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
2847:Gemi, Eda; Triandafyllidou, Anna (2021).
2384:
2360:
2283:
1986:
1984:
969:, which led them to self-identify in the
3011:Soustal, Peter; Koder, Johannes (1981).
1848:. Vienna: Böhlau-Verlag. p. Bd. 3.
1702:Speed, Madeleine; Alikaj, Arlis (2020).
2815:κοινότητας από το millet στο έθνος]
2027:
2025:
1752:
1750:
1649:
1433:Thessaly was invaded after 1318 by the
1248:Muslim Albanians inhabited the city of
582:
573:
518:
509:
399:
390:
236:
227:
211:
2348:
2081:Greek Helsinki Monitor - The Arvanites
2054:Greek Helsinki Monitor - The Arvanites
1487:who were forced to migrate during the
2978:Sansaridou-Hendrickx, Thekla (2017).
2141:
1453:, which takes the name of the tribe.
965:Arvanites played a major role in the
7:
2422:(in Greek). Hērodotos. p. 547.
2372:
2333:
2318:
2153:
2129:
2101:Balkan Identities: Nation and Memory
1371:, Albanians settled the villages of
60:Regions with significant populations
2955:Oikonomou, Konstantinos E. (1986).
2913:The Vlachs: Metropolis and Diaspora
1588:For a more comprehensive list, see
1037:, their dialects are closer to the
2763:"Griechenlands verborgene Albaner"
2405:(2). Albanian Academy of Sciences.
2013:Language change and language death
1992:Ethnic Identity in Greek Antiquity
1810:"Griechenlands verborgene Albaner"
25:
2818:(Thesis). University of Panteion.
2606:Adamczyk, Artur (June 15, 2016).
1560:Albanians have a long history of
4094:Greek people of Albanian descent
3410:
3363:
3362:
3089:
2456:
1602:
219:
2910:Koukoudis, Asterios I. (2003).
2794:Gemi & Triandafyllidou 2021
2724:10.3917/eres.helot.2013.01.0123
2537:Gemi & Triandafyllidou 2021
2525:Gemi & Triandafyllidou 2021
954:used by Northern Albanians for
891:Communities of Albanian descent
2996:10.1080/10226486.2010.11879131
2692:. Friedrich Erbert Stiftung: 7
2226:"L'arvanite/albanais en Grèce"
1540:Greece. A special ID card for
1143:name of the village, which is
600:Albanian Greek-Catholic Church
1:
3034:Tsefos, Konstantinos (2001).
1963:. In Demiraj, Bardhyl (ed.).
1530:, a large number of economic
1383:, as well as the villages of
816:immigrant community in Greece
55:ca. 480,000–670,000 Albanians
4099:Albanian emigrants to Greece
2984:Acta Patristica et Byzantina
2811:Baltsiotis, Lambros (2009).
2718:. éditions érès. p. 2.
1628:Albanians in North Macedonia
1088:, as well as the village of
827:Cham Albanians and Souliotes
3491:Albanians of Western Thrace
3172:Albanians of Western Thrace
2885:Kokolakis, Mihalis (2003).
2224:Euromosaic project (2006).
1590:List of Albanians in Greece
1463:Albanians of Western Thrace
1131:
1125:
1092:, which are located in the
1017:, which lasted until 1416.
885:expulsion of Cham Albanians
822:Native Albanian communities
814:immigrants are the largest
731:
4115:
2932:Nicol, Donald MacGillivray
2824:Fine, John Van Antwerp Jr.
2761:Armand Feka (2013-07-16).
2178:Hart, Laurie Kain (1999).
1808:Armand Feka (2013-07-16).
1587:
1542:ethnic Greeks from Albania
1460:
1393:Thessaloniki regional unit
922:are a population group in
899:
830:
3358:
2648:– via Google Books.
2585:10.1007/s12134-010-0150-8
2492:Sansaridou-Hendrickx 2017
1959:Demiraj, Bardhyl (2010).
1720:Julie Vullnetari (2012).
967:Greek War of Independence
870:Greek War of Independence
720:
232:Geographical distribution
180:
144:
124:
64:
54:
42:
3731:Ethnic groups in Europe
2684:Library, Civil Society.
2196:10.1525/ae.1999.26.1.196
2166:Soustal & Koder 1981
2118:Soustal & Koder 1981
1795:10.1525/ae.1999.26.1.196
1763:Ch. Links Verlag, 2008.
1638:Albania–Greece relations
926:who traditionally speak
2554:March 25, 2009, at the
2228:(in French). Brussels:
2120:, pp. 70, 113–114.
1532:immigrants from Albania
1379:in their honor) in the
1145:
946:for a Greek person and
647:Origin of the Albanians
3780:Bosnia and Herzegovina
3042:University of Ioannina
2963:University of Ioannina
2168:, pp. 72–73, 114.
1523:
1475:along the border with
1218:
1023:Ioannina regional unit
915:
784:Axis occupation forces
712:
701:
36:
3040:(Thesis) (in Greek).
3015:(in German). Vienna:
2961:(Thesis) (in Greek).
2263:Slavica Helsingiensia
1949:Trudgill (2000: 255).
1756:Hermann Frank Meyer.
1522:Albanian-Greek border
1521:
1423:Florina regional unit
1216:
909:
696:, after a drawing by
690:An Albanian of Greece
688:
595:Italo-Albanian Church
411:Traditional tattooing
176:Related ethnic groups
2874:Ethnologia Balkanica
2868:Kahl, Thede (1999).
2184:American Ethnologist
2031:Pipa, Arshi (1989).
1783:American Ethnologist
1618:Minorities in Greece
1412:Serres regional unit
1381:Kilkis regional unit
698:Edward Daniel Clarke
3996:States with limited
2958:Τοπωνυμικό Ζαγορίου
2638:. Lexington Books.
2230:European Commission
2156:, pp. 350–351.
2144:, pp. 123–138.
2132:, pp. 347–350.
1514:Albanian immigrants
1303:and the young only
1278:Agios Vartholomaios
997:The victory of the
732:Alvanoí stin Elláda
721:Αλβανοί στην Ελλάδα
713:Shqiptarët në Greqi
705:Albanians in Greece
46:
43:Αλβανοί στην Ελλάδα
37:Shqiptarët në Greqi
33:Albanians in Greece
18:Albanians in greece
3572:Slavic Macedonians
2477:2014-11-12 at the
2470:Laurie Kain Hart.
2321:, pp. 113–114
2086:2016-10-03 at the
2059:2016-10-03 at the
1990:Hall, Jonathan M.
1633:Albanians in Italy
1524:
1299:, the adults knew
1219:
1129:) were considered
1068:, the villages of
1041:group rather than
1003:Battle of Achelous
916:
702:
642:History of Albania
4081:
4080:
3697:
3696:
3547:Megleno-Romanians
3376:
3375:
3096:Albanian diaspora
3026:978-3-7001-0399-8
2947:978-0-521-13089-9
2923:978-960-7760-86-9
2902:978-960-7916-11-2
2860:978-0-367-36178-5
2733:978-2-7492-3874-6
2454:(25th ed., 2022)
2399:Studime Historike
1769:978-3-86153-447-1
1706:. Balkan Insight.
1623:Greeks in Albania
1537:economic migrants
1506:self-appellation
1360:, the village of
1196:Albanian language
1015:Despotate of Arta
729:
683:
682:
514:Albanian language
446:Kângë Kreshnikësh
198:
197:
190:Albanian diaspora
16:(Redirected from
4106:
4034:Dependencies and
3738:Sovereign states
3724:
3717:
3710:
3701:
3597:
3590:
3583:
3541:
3529:
3522:
3500:
3493:
3486:
3479:
3415:
3414:
3403:
3396:
3389:
3380:
3366:
3365:
3094:
3093:
3092:
3082:
3075:
3068:
3059:
3053:
3050:10442/hedi/13429
3030:
3007:
2974:
2951:
2927:
2906:
2881:
2864:
2843:
2819:
2797:
2791:
2785:
2784:
2779:
2778:
2769:. Archived from
2758:
2752:
2748:
2742:
2741:
2708:
2702:
2701:
2699:
2697:
2681:
2675:
2674:
2672:
2671:
2662:. Archived from
2656:
2650:
2649:
2629:
2623:
2622:
2612:
2603:
2597:
2596:
2564:
2558:
2546:
2540:
2534:
2528:
2522:
2516:
2513:
2504:
2501:
2495:
2489:
2483:
2468:
2462:
2461:
2460:
2443:
2437:
2436:
2413:
2407:
2406:
2394:
2388:
2382:
2376:
2370:
2364:
2358:
2352:
2346:
2337:
2331:
2322:
2316:
2299:
2293:
2287:
2281:
2275:
2274:
2260:
2251:
2245:
2244:
2242:
2241:
2232:. Archived from
2221:
2215:
2214:
2208:
2207:
2198:. Archived from
2175:
2169:
2163:
2157:
2151:
2145:
2139:
2133:
2127:
2121:
2115:
2109:
2108:
2096:
2090:
2078:
2072:
2069:
2063:
2051:
2045:
2042:
2036:
2029:
2020:
2018:
2009:
2003:
1988:
1979:
1978:
1956:
1950:
1947:
1941:
1940:
1928:Balta, Evangelia
1924:
1918:
1917:
1907:
1896:
1895:
1893:
1891:
1876:
1870:
1866:
1860:
1859:
1841:
1832:
1831:
1826:
1825:
1816:. Archived from
1805:
1799:
1798:
1778:
1772:
1754:
1745:
1744:
1728:
1717:
1708:
1707:
1699:
1686:
1682:
1676:
1672:
1666:
1663:
1657:
1654:
1612:
1607:
1606:
1605:
1157:
1154:
1153:Albanian village
1151:
1148:
1134:
1128:
734:
724:
722:
675:
668:
661:
395:Albanian culture
223:
200:
50:Total population
47:
45:
44:
39:
21:
4114:
4113:
4109:
4108:
4107:
4105:
4104:
4103:
4084:
4083:
4082:
4077:
4035:
4029:
4015:Northern Cyprus
3997:
3991:
3912:North Macedonia
3733:
3728:
3698:
3693:
3602:
3593:
3586:
3579:
3537:
3525:
3518:
3496:
3489:
3482:
3475:
3459:
3423:
3409:
3407:
3377:
3372:
3354:
3333:
3317:
3296:
3265:
3216:North Macedonia
3098:
3090:
3088:
3086:
3056:
3033:
3027:
3010:
2977:
2971:10442/hedi/0252
2954:
2948:
2930:
2924:
2909:
2903:
2884:
2867:
2861:
2846:
2840:
2822:
2810:
2806:
2801:
2800:
2792:
2788:
2776:
2774:
2760:
2759:
2755:
2749:
2745:
2734:
2710:
2709:
2705:
2695:
2693:
2683:
2682:
2678:
2669:
2667:
2658:
2657:
2653:
2646:
2631:
2630:
2626:
2610:
2605:
2604:
2600:
2566:
2565:
2561:
2556:Wayback Machine
2547:
2543:
2535:
2531:
2523:
2519:
2514:
2507:
2502:
2498:
2490:
2486:
2479:Wayback Machine
2469:
2465:
2455:
2444:
2440:
2430:
2415:
2414:
2410:
2401:(in Albanian).
2396:
2395:
2391:
2383:
2379:
2371:
2367:
2359:
2355:
2347:
2340:
2332:
2325:
2317:
2302:
2296:Baltsiotis 2009
2294:
2290:
2282:
2278:
2258:
2253:
2252:
2248:
2239:
2237:
2223:
2222:
2218:
2205:
2203:
2177:
2176:
2172:
2164:
2160:
2152:
2148:
2140:
2136:
2128:
2124:
2116:
2112:
2098:
2097:
2093:
2088:Wayback Machine
2079:
2075:
2070:
2066:
2061:Wayback Machine
2052:
2048:
2043:
2039:
2030:
2023:
2016:
2010:
2006:
1989:
1982:
1975:
1958:
1957:
1953:
1948:
1944:
1926:
1925:
1921:
1909:
1908:
1899:
1889:
1887:
1878:
1877:
1873:
1867:
1863:
1856:
1843:
1842:
1835:
1823:
1821:
1807:
1806:
1802:
1780:
1779:
1775:
1755:
1748:
1737:
1726:
1719:
1718:
1711:
1701:
1700:
1689:
1683:
1679:
1673:
1669:
1664:
1660:
1655:
1651:
1646:
1608:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1593:
1586:
1516:
1469:Greek Macedonia
1465:
1459:
1435:Albanian tribes
1431:
1375:(later renamed
1356:In the area of
1288:. The Turks of
1211:
1201:In the city of
1162:, Anthrakitis,
1155:
1152:
1149:
995:
930:, a variety of
904:
898:
896:Southern Greece
893:
839:
829:
824:
692:, engraving by
679:
634:
633:
581:
580:
569:
517:
516:
505:
398:
397:
386:
278:North Macedonia
235:
234:
194:
40:
34:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4112:
4110:
4102:
4101:
4096:
4086:
4085:
4079:
4078:
4076:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4039:
4037:
4036:other entities
4031:
4030:
4028:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4001:
3999:
3993:
3992:
3990:
3989:
3987:United Kingdom
3984:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3800:Czech Republic
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3741:
3739:
3735:
3734:
3729:
3727:
3726:
3719:
3712:
3704:
3695:
3694:
3692:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3610:
3608:
3604:
3603:
3601:
3600:
3599:
3598:
3595:Western Thrace
3591:
3584:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3562:Romaniote Jews
3559:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3543:
3542:
3532:
3531:
3530:
3523:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3502:
3501:
3494:
3487:
3484:Cham Albanians
3480:
3467:
3465:
3461:
3460:
3458:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3431:
3429:
3425:
3424:
3408:
3406:
3405:
3398:
3391:
3383:
3374:
3373:
3371:
3370:
3359:
3356:
3355:
3353:
3352:
3347:
3341:
3339:
3335:
3334:
3332:
3331:
3325:
3323:
3319:
3318:
3316:
3315:
3310:
3304:
3302:
3298:
3297:
3295:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3273:
3271:
3267:
3266:
3264:
3263:
3261:United Kingdom
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3197:
3196:
3186:
3181:
3180:
3179:
3174:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3143:
3142:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3106:
3104:
3100:
3099:
3087:
3085:
3084:
3077:
3070:
3062:
3055:
3054:
3031:
3025:
3008:
2990:(2): 287–306.
2975:
2952:
2946:
2928:
2922:
2907:
2901:
2882:
2865:
2859:
2844:
2838:
2820:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2799:
2798:
2786:
2767:Wiener Zeitung
2753:
2743:
2732:
2703:
2676:
2651:
2644:
2624:
2598:
2559:
2541:
2529:
2517:
2505:
2496:
2494:, p. 289.
2484:
2463:
2446:Albanian, Tosk
2438:
2428:
2408:
2389:
2385:Oikonomou 1986
2377:
2365:
2361:Koukoudis 2003
2353:
2338:
2323:
2300:
2288:
2284:Kokolakis 2003
2276:
2246:
2216:
2170:
2158:
2146:
2134:
2122:
2110:
2091:
2073:
2064:
2046:
2037:
2021:
2004:
1980:
1973:
1951:
1942:
1919:
1897:
1871:
1861:
1854:
1833:
1814:Wiener Zeitung
1800:
1773:
1746:
1735:
1709:
1687:
1677:
1667:
1658:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1641:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1614:
1613:
1597:
1594:
1585:
1584:Notable people
1582:
1515:
1512:
1485:Eastern Thrace
1473:Western Thrace
1461:Main article:
1458:
1457:Western Thrace
1455:
1430:
1427:
1266:Agios Germanos
1221:The region of
1210:
1207:
1170:, Leptokarya,
1160:Megalo Papingo
1094:regional units
1001:tribes in the
994:
991:
983:language shift
900:Main article:
897:
894:
892:
889:
855:Greek Orthodox
851:Ottoman Empire
843:Cham Albanians
833:Cham Albanians
828:
825:
823:
820:
788:Greek Orthodox
694:Robert Pollard
681:
680:
678:
677:
670:
663:
655:
652:
651:
650:
649:
644:
636:
635:
632:
631:
626:
625:
624:
619:
609:
608:
607:
602:
597:
592:
576:
575:
574:
571:
570:
568:
567:
566:
565:
560:
555:
550:
540:
539:
538:
533:
528:
512:
511:
510:
507:
506:
504:
503:
494:
489:
484:
479:
474:
469:
464:
459:
454:
449:
439:
434:
429:
424:
419:
414:
404:
393:
392:
391:
388:
387:
385:
384:
383:
382:
377:
375:United Kingdom
372:
367:
362:
357:
352:
347:
342:
337:
332:
327:
322:
317:
312:
307:
302:
297:
287:
286:
285:
280:
275:
270:
265:
260:
255:
248:
230:
229:
228:
225:
224:
216:
215:
209:
208:
196:
195:
193:
192:
187:
181:
178:
177:
173:
172:
142:
141:
137:
136:
122:
121:
117:
116:
62:
61:
57:
56:
52:
51:
28:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4111:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4091:
4089:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4048:Faroe Islands
4046:
4044:
4041:
4040:
4038:
4032:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4020:South Ossetia
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4002:
4000:
3994:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3872:Liechtenstein
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3742:
3740:
3736:
3732:
3725:
3720:
3718:
3713:
3711:
3706:
3705:
3702:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3611:
3609:
3605:
3596:
3592:
3589:
3585:
3582:
3578:
3577:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3567:Sephardi Jews
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3540:
3536:
3535:
3533:
3528:
3524:
3521:
3517:
3516:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3499:
3495:
3492:
3488:
3485:
3481:
3478:
3474:
3473:
3472:
3469:
3468:
3466:
3462:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3432:
3430:
3426:
3422:
3418:
3417:Ethnic groups
3413:
3404:
3399:
3397:
3392:
3390:
3385:
3384:
3381:
3369:
3361:
3360:
3357:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3342:
3340:
3336:
3330:
3327:
3326:
3324:
3320:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3305:
3303:
3299:
3293:
3292:United States
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3274:
3272:
3268:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3195:
3192:
3191:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3169:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3141:
3138:
3137:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3107:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3083:
3078:
3076:
3071:
3069:
3064:
3063:
3060:
3051:
3047:
3043:
3039:
3038:
3032:
3028:
3022:
3018:
3014:
3009:
3005:
3001:
2997:
2993:
2989:
2985:
2981:
2976:
2972:
2968:
2964:
2960:
2959:
2953:
2949:
2943:
2939:
2938:
2933:
2929:
2925:
2919:
2915:
2914:
2908:
2904:
2898:
2894:
2890:
2889:
2883:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2866:
2862:
2856:
2852:
2851:
2845:
2841:
2835:
2831:
2830:
2825:
2821:
2817:
2816:
2809:
2808:
2803:
2796:, p. 86.
2795:
2790:
2787:
2783:
2773:on 2016-03-04
2772:
2768:
2764:
2757:
2754:
2747:
2744:
2740:
2735:
2729:
2725:
2721:
2717:
2716:
2707:
2704:
2691:
2687:
2680:
2677:
2666:on 2015-07-21
2665:
2661:
2655:
2652:
2647:
2645:9780739113417
2641:
2637:
2636:
2628:
2625:
2620:
2616:
2609:
2602:
2599:
2594:
2590:
2586:
2582:
2578:
2574:
2570:
2563:
2560:
2557:
2553:
2550:
2545:
2542:
2539:, p. 14.
2538:
2533:
2530:
2526:
2521:
2518:
2512:
2510:
2506:
2500:
2497:
2493:
2488:
2485:
2480:
2476:
2473:
2467:
2464:
2459:
2453:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2439:
2435:
2431:
2425:
2421:
2420:
2412:
2409:
2404:
2400:
2393:
2390:
2387:, p. 971
2386:
2381:
2378:
2374:
2369:
2366:
2363:, p. 161
2362:
2357:
2354:
2350:
2345:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2330:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2315:
2313:
2311:
2309:
2307:
2305:
2301:
2298:, p. 37.
2297:
2292:
2289:
2286:, p. 51.
2285:
2280:
2277:
2273:
2268:
2264:
2257:
2250:
2247:
2236:on 2009-01-01
2235:
2231:
2227:
2220:
2217:
2213:
2202:on 2014-11-12
2201:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2174:
2171:
2167:
2162:
2159:
2155:
2150:
2147:
2143:
2138:
2135:
2131:
2126:
2123:
2119:
2114:
2111:
2107:
2102:
2095:
2092:
2089:
2085:
2082:
2077:
2074:
2068:
2065:
2062:
2058:
2055:
2050:
2047:
2041:
2038:
2034:
2028:
2026:
2022:
2014:
2008:
2005:
2001:
2000:0-521-78999-0
1997:
1993:
1987:
1985:
1981:
1976:
1974:9783447062213
1970:
1966:
1962:
1955:
1952:
1946:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1934:
1929:
1923:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1906:
1904:
1902:
1898:
1886:(in Albanian)
1885:
1881:
1875:
1872:
1865:
1862:
1857:
1855:3-205-99413-2
1851:
1847:
1840:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1820:on 2016-03-04
1819:
1815:
1811:
1804:
1801:
1796:
1792:
1788:
1784:
1777:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1761:
1753:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1738:
1736:9789089643551
1732:
1725:
1724:
1716:
1714:
1710:
1705:
1698:
1696:
1694:
1692:
1688:
1681:
1678:
1671:
1668:
1662:
1659:
1653:
1650:
1643:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1615:
1611:
1610:Greece portal
1600:
1595:
1591:
1583:
1581:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1566:Albanian name
1563:
1562:Hellenisation
1558:
1554:
1550:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1529:
1520:
1513:
1511:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1500:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1481:Tosk Albanian
1478:
1474:
1470:
1464:
1456:
1454:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1428:
1426:
1424:
1420:
1415:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1396:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1365:
1363:
1359:
1354:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1323:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1312:Kato Ydroussa
1308:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1246:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1215:
1208:
1206:
1204:
1199:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1186:and possibly
1185:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1166:, Kavallari,
1165:
1161:
1147:
1142:
1138:
1133:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1046:
1044:
1040:
1039:Tosk Albanian
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1018:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
992:
990:
988:
984:
980:
976:
975:Greek culture
972:
968:
963:
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
932:Tosk Albanian
929:
925:
921:
913:
908:
903:
895:
890:
888:
886:
882:
878:
873:
871:
867:
863:
858:
856:
852:
848:
844:
838:
834:
826:
821:
819:
817:
811:
809:
805:
801:
800:Albanian name
796:
791:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
757:
752:
750:
746:
745:Tosk Albanian
742:
738:
733:
727:
718:
714:
710:
706:
699:
695:
691:
687:
676:
671:
669:
664:
662:
657:
656:
654:
653:
648:
645:
643:
640:
639:
638:
637:
630:
627:
623:
620:
618:
615:
614:
613:
610:
606:
603:
601:
598:
596:
593:
591:
588:
587:
586:
583:
579:
572:
564:
561:
559:
556:
554:
551:
549:
546:
545:
544:
541:
537:
534:
532:
529:
527:
524:
523:
522:
519:
515:
508:
502:
500:
495:
493:
490:
488:
485:
483:
480:
478:
475:
473:
470:
468:
465:
463:
460:
458:
455:
453:
450:
447:
443:
440:
438:
435:
433:
430:
428:
427:Customary law
425:
423:
420:
418:
415:
412:
408:
405:
403:
400:
396:
389:
381:
380:United States
378:
376:
373:
371:
368:
366:
363:
361:
358:
356:
353:
351:
348:
346:
345:South America
343:
341:
338:
336:
333:
331:
328:
326:
323:
321:
318:
316:
313:
311:
308:
306:
303:
301:
298:
296:
293:
292:
291:
288:
284:
281:
279:
276:
274:
271:
269:
266:
264:
261:
259:
256:
254:
253:
249:
247:
246:
242:
241:
240:
237:
233:
226:
222:
218:
217:
214:
210:
206:
202:
201:
191:
188:
186:
183:
182:
179:
174:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
138:
135:
131:
127:
123:
118:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
58:
53:
48:
38:
27:
19:
4025:Transnistria
3470:
3440:Cappadocians
3166:
3036:
3012:
2987:
2983:
2957:
2936:
2912:
2892:
2887:
2877:
2873:
2849:
2828:
2813:
2789:
2781:
2775:. Retrieved
2771:the original
2766:
2756:
2746:
2737:
2714:
2706:
2694:. Retrieved
2689:
2679:
2668:. Retrieved
2664:the original
2654:
2634:
2627:
2618:
2614:
2601:
2576:
2572:
2562:
2544:
2532:
2527:, p. 3.
2520:
2499:
2487:
2466:
2449:
2441:
2433:
2418:
2411:
2402:
2398:
2392:
2380:
2368:
2356:
2291:
2279:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2249:
2238:. Retrieved
2234:the original
2219:
2210:
2204:. Retrieved
2200:the original
2187:
2183:
2173:
2161:
2149:
2137:
2125:
2113:
2104:
2100:
2094:
2076:
2067:
2049:
2040:
2032:
2012:
2007:
1991:
1964:
1954:
1945:
1937:
1932:
1922:
1914:
1888:. Retrieved
1883:
1874:
1864:
1845:
1828:
1822:. Retrieved
1818:the original
1813:
1803:
1786:
1782:
1776:
1757:
1740:
1722:
1680:
1670:
1661:
1652:
1559:
1555:
1551:
1546:
1525:
1507:
1498:
1492:
1466:
1432:
1416:
1397:
1376:
1366:
1355:
1331:Giannochorio
1324:
1316:Ano Ydroussa
1309:
1282:Kato Kleines
1270:Tropaiouchos
1247:
1220:
1200:
1118:
1062:Gorgopotamos
1047:
1034:
1019:
996:
971:Greek nation
964:
959:
951:
948:shkljerishtë
947:
943:
917:
874:
859:
840:
812:
792:
780:World War II
753:
704:
703:
689:
585:Christianity
498:
462:Gjamë/Vajtim
402:Architecture
294:
289:
250:
243:
238:
158:Christianity
109:
101:
93:
85:
82:Thessaloniki
77:
69:
29:Ethnic group
26:
4063:Isle of Man
3998:recognition
3972:Switzerland
3907:Netherlands
3629:Australians
3464:Traditional
3445:Macedonians
3350:New Zealand
3251:Switzerland
3211:Netherlands
2696:18 December
2349:Tsefos 2001
2011:Tsitsipis.
1884:politiko.al
1286:Ano Kleines
1164:Asprangeloi
1066:Mousiotitsa
936:Middle Ages
877:Balkan Wars
770:faith were
747:, known as
590:Catholicism
442:Epic poetry
360:Switzerland
166:Catholicism
90:Peloponnese
4088:Categories
3942:San Marino
3902:Montenegro
3882:Luxembourg
3862:Kazakhstan
3765:Azerbaijan
3669:Pakistanis
3588:Dodecanese
3527:Dodecanese
3511:Aromanians
3206:Montenegro
2916:. Zitros.
2839:0472082604
2804:References
2777:2016-03-02
2670:2015-07-19
2579:(4): 365.
2451:Ethnologue
2429:9607290976
2240:2009-03-16
2206:2017-09-08
2142:Nicol 2010
1824:2016-03-02
1675:1343-1361.
1547:homogeneis
1445:, and the
1439:Malakasioi
1408:Paralimnoi
1351:Komninades
1320:Tripotamos
1294:Turkicized
1172:Monodendri
1106:Thesprotia
1043:Arvanitika
979:endangered
928:Arvanitika
847:Thesprotia
831:See also:
749:Arvanitika
622:Bektashism
553:Arvanitika
531:Upper Reka
492:Traditions
467:Literature
457:Gjakmarrje
273:Montenegro
170:Irreligion
154:Bektashism
130:Arvanitika
4053:Gibraltar
3877:Lithuania
3654:Georgians
3649:Filipinos
3639:Bavarians
3624:Assyrians
3515:Italians
3506:Armenians
3498:Souliotes
3477:Arvanites
3471:Albanians
3345:Australia
3277:Argentina
3194:Arbëreshë
3004:163742869
2826:(1994) .
2593:143473178
2373:Kahl 1999
2334:Kahl 1999
2319:Kahl 1999
2154:Fine 1994
2130:Fine 1994
1644:Footnotes
1578:Orthodoxy
1499:Arbëreshë
1497:group of
1493:Arvanites
1404:Kalochori
1400:Nea Petra
1389:Zagliveri
1373:Amparkioi
1369:Mandritsa
1362:Syndendro
1347:Dipotamia
1343:Koromilia
1297:Albanians
1231:Flampouro
1227:Drosopigi
1223:Macedonia
1209:Macedonia
1176:Tsepelovo
1146:Arbineshi
1141:Aromanian
1126:Arvanítes
1086:Narkissos
1082:Kanallaki
1058:Pogoniani
1054:Delvinaki
1035:Arvanites
940:arbëreshë
920:Arvanites
912:Carl Haag
902:Arvanites
862:Souliotes
837:Souliotes
808:Orthodoxy
741:Arvanites
726:romanized
605:Orthodoxy
499:farefisní
305:Australia
213:Albanians
185:Albanians
162:Orthodoxy
120:Languages
4073:Svalbard
4058:Guernsey
4005:Abkhazia
3957:Slovenia
3952:Slovakia
3927:Portugal
3785:Bulgaria
3684:Russians
3679:Persians
3534:Maltese
3450:Cypriots
3428:Hellenic
3368:Category
3270:Americas
3236:Slovenia
3140:Arbanasi
3120:Bulgaria
2934:(2010).
2621:(1): 53.
2552:Archived
2482:nation."
2475:Archived
2084:Archived
2057:Archived
1890:25 April
1771:, p. 702
1596:See also
1508:Shqiptar
1504:Albanian
1451:Malakasi
1429:Thessaly
1421:and the
1327:Kastoria
1301:Albanian
1274:Kolchiki
1258:Lefkonas
1243:Kastoria
1203:Ioannina
1188:Kapesovo
1137:Tristeno
1132:métoikoi
1098:Ioannina
1078:Anthousa
1074:Ammoudia
1007:Ioannina
999:Albanian
985:towards
944:shkljira
772:expelled
709:Albanian
578:Religion
548:Arbëresh
526:Arbanasi
497:Tribes (
482:Paganism
452:Folklore
310:Bulgaria
290:Diaspora
205:a series
203:Part of
140:Religion
126:Albanian
114:Thessaly
3982:Ukraine
3932:Romania
3892:Moldova
3850:Ireland
3845:Iceland
3840:Hungary
3830:Germany
3825:Georgia
3815:Finland
3810:Estonia
3805:Denmark
3790:Croatia
3775:Belgium
3770:Belarus
3760:Austria
3755:Armenia
3750:Andorra
3745:Albania
3659:Indians
3644:Chinese
3634:British
3614:African
3338:Oceania
3256:Ukraine
3226:Romania
3184:Hungary
3162:Germany
3152:Finland
3147:Denmark
3135:Croatia
3125:Belgium
3115:Austria
3110:Albania
2751:77-106.
2190:: 196.
1789:: 196.
1447:Mazreku
1437:of the
1410:in the
1391:in the
1385:Souroti
1377:Mandres
1358:Grevena
1305:Turkish
1250:Florina
1239:Florina
1235:Lechovo
1184:Vradeto
1102:Preveza
1050:Konitsa
1031:Plikati
1027:Konitsa
981:due to
960:sclavus
914:(1861).
795:Albania
778:during
728::
700:, 1813.
629:Judaism
617:Sunnism
536:Istrian
487:Symbols
422:Cuisine
370:Ukraine
340:Romania
330:Germany
325:Finland
315:Denmark
258:Croatia
245:Albania
150:Sunnism
98:Boeotia
4068:Jersey
4010:Kosovo
3977:Turkey
3967:Sweden
3947:Serbia
3937:Russia
3922:Poland
3917:Norway
3897:Monaco
3867:Latvia
3835:Greece
3820:France
3795:Cyprus
3607:Recent
3576:Turks
3552:Pomaks
3455:Pontic
3435:Greeks
3421:Greece
3322:Africa
3313:Turkey
3282:Canada
3246:Sweden
3231:Serbia
3221:Norway
3201:Kosovo
3167:Greece
3157:France
3130:Bosnia
3103:Europe
3023:
3002:
2944:
2920:
2899:
2857:
2836:
2730:
2642:
2591:
2426:
2269:: 28.
2017:
1998:
1971:
1852:
1767:
1733:
1526:After
1477:Turkey
1441:, the
1419:Epirus
1349:, and
1335:Pefkos
1290:Skopia
1284:, and
1262:Laimos
1192:Zagori
1121:Zagori
1110:Dodoni
1090:Kastri
993:Epirus
924:Greece
776:Epirus
768:Muslim
760:Epirus
737:Greece
365:Turkey
355:Sweden
335:Norway
295:Greece
283:Serbia
263:Greece
252:Kosovo
239:Native
110:·
108:
106:Epirus
102:·
100:
94:·
92:
86:·
84:
78:·
76:
74:Attica
70:·
68:
66:Athens
4043:Åland
3962:Spain
3887:Malta
3857:Italy
3689:Serbs
3674:Poles
3664:Kurds
3619:Arabs
3581:Crete
3539:Corfu
3520:Corfu
3329:Egypt
3308:Syria
3287:Chile
3241:Spain
3189:Italy
3000:S2CID
2891:[
2611:(PDF)
2589:S2CID
2259:(PDF)
1869:2000.
1727:(PDF)
1685:2000.
1574:Islam
1570:Greek
1292:were
1180:Vitsa
1114:Ziros
987:Greek
956:Slavs
866:Souli
804:Islam
774:from
764:Chams
756:Chams
717:Greek
612:Islam
472:Music
437:Dress
432:Dance
350:Spain
320:Egypt
300:Italy
268:Italy
146:Islam
134:Greek
112:
104:
96:
88:
80:
72:
3557:Roma
3301:Asia
3177:Cham
3021:ISBN
2942:ISBN
2918:ISBN
2897:ISBN
2855:ISBN
2834:ISBN
2728:ISBN
2698:2022
2640:ISBN
2424:ISBN
1996:ISBN
1969:ISBN
1892:2023
1850:ISBN
1765:ISBN
1731:ISBN
1471:and
1406:and
1387:and
1339:Niki
1318:and
1254:Pyli
1241:and
1168:Kipi
1112:and
1104:and
1084:and
1070:Agia
1011:Arta
952:shqa
918:The
881:EDES
860:The
835:and
754:The
558:Cham
543:Tosk
521:Gheg
417:Besa
3419:in
3046:hdl
2992:doi
2967:hdl
2720:doi
2581:doi
2448:at
2192:doi
1791:doi
1576:to
1568:to
1443:Bua
1414:.
1325:In
1245:.
1198:.
1096:of
806:to
766:of
563:Lab
477:Oda
407:Art
168:),
156:),
4090::
3044:.
3019:.
2998:.
2988:21
2986:.
2982:.
2965:.
2876:.
2872:.
2780:.
2765:.
2736:.
2726:.
2688:.
2617:.
2613:.
2587:.
2577:11
2575:.
2571:.
2508:^
2432:.
2403:38
2341:^
2326:^
2303:^
2267:49
2265:.
2261:.
2209:.
2188:26
2186:.
2182:.
2024:^
1983:^
1913:.
1900:^
1836:^
1827:.
1812:.
1787:26
1785:.
1749:^
1739:.
1712:^
1690:^
1510:.
1402:,
1395:.
1353:.
1345:,
1341:,
1337:,
1314:,
1307:.
1280:,
1276:,
1272:,
1268:,
1264:,
1260:,
1256:,
1233:,
1229:,
1182:,
1178:,
1174:,
1100:,
1080:,
1076:,
1072:,
1064:,
1060:,
1056:,
1052:,
1045:.
1009:.
887:.
872:.
857:.
786:.
723:,
719::
715:;
711::
448:)
413:)
207:on
164:,
152:,
132:,
128:,
3723:e
3716:t
3709:v
3402:e
3395:t
3388:v
3081:e
3074:t
3067:v
3052:.
3048::
3029:.
3006:.
2994::
2973:.
2969::
2950:.
2926:.
2905:.
2880:.
2878:3
2863:.
2842:.
2722::
2700:.
2673:.
2619:2
2595:.
2583::
2243:.
2194::
2002:.
1977:.
1858:.
1797:.
1793::
1592:.
1156:'
1150:'
707:(
674:e
667:t
660:v
501:)
444:(
409:(
160:(
148:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
