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1507:"Ermolov was a quintessential frontier conqueror. He was the first to employ a comprehensive strategy for the subjugation of the Caucasus highlands, and his brutal methods would be used, in one form or another, by tsarists, Bolsheviks, and Russian generals into the twenty-first century. Ermolov was the most celebrated and, at the same time, the most hated of Russian commanders in the Caucasus theater. To St. Petersburg society he was the gallant, Latin-quoting senior officer. For generations of indigenous mountaineers he was the dreaded "Yarmul" who razed villages and slaughtered families. Although he gained the supreme confidence of one Tsar, Alexander I, he was treated with suspicion by another, Nicholas I. He was responsible for implementing a series of policies that were at the time hailed as vehicles for civilizing the benighted Caucasus frontier but today might very well be called
1526:"In person no less than in character Yermolov impressed all who came near him as one born to command. Of gigantic stature and uncommon physical strength, with round head set on mighty shoulders and framed in shaggy locks, there was something leonine in his whole appearance, which, coupled with unsurpassed courage, was well calculated to excite the admiration of his own men and strike terror into his semi-barbarous foes. Incorruptibly honest, simple, even rude in his habit, and of Spartan hardihood, his sword was ever at his side, and in city as in camp he slept wrapped only in his military cloak, and rose with the sun."
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La guerre patriotique de 1812 et les campagnes de libération de l'armée russe de 1813-1814. Sources. Les monuments. Problèmes. Matériel de la XXIIIe Conférence internationale du 3 au 5 septembre 2019 Borodino. 2020 // S. Yu. Rychkov. Mémoire historique des participants à la bataille de
Borodino au
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Yermolov's main tasks were to secure Russia's hold over
Georgia and the khanates recently taken from Persia, to occupy the Caucasus range separating the new territories from the rest of the Empire and to subdue the 'savage' and hostile Muslim tribes inhabiting it. But first he had another, most
1056:
of the
Russian forces in Georgia and commander of the Independent Georgian Corps on 21 April 1816. His promotion to the position was seen as a personal insult by his superiors and earned him many enemies at home. He proved himself an able administrator and successfully negotiated with
1103:. His independent character would often lead him to conflicts with the Ministry of War, exacerbated by the personal antagonism of many of its members. He was adored by his soldiers, often fraternising with them, and generally successful in combatting the highlanders of
1530:
Since 2000, Kalach-on-don has been operating a multi-purpose ship of the KC-104-02 project named after the hero of the
Patriotic war of 1812 — "General Yermolov", as an object of intangible heritage that preserves the historical memory of the people.
1136:
Far from subduing the population, as his admirers up to the present have asserted, his activities rather intensified hatred to Russia, stiffened resistance to it and helped to enhance the role of Islam, in the form of the spread of the
1712:"Отметим, что Ермолов, получивший в конце 1825 года приказ об аресте служившего при нем Грибоедова, предупредил знаменитого драматурга о грозящей ему опасности, что дало возможность писателю уничтожить компрометирующие документы."
1052:, where his name became a byword for brutality. In a reply to the outraged Alexander I, he wrote, "I desire that the terror of my name shall guard our frontiers more potently than chains or fortresses." He was appointed
2019:
976:. On 3 December 1812, he was recalled to the main headquarters where he became the Chief of Staff of the Russian army. Three weeks later, he was appointed commander of the artillery of the Russian armies.
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Yermolov was discharged on 7 December 1827 with a full pension. However, four years later, Nicholas restored him in the rank (6 November 1831) and appointed him to the
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Yermolov led
Russian troops in the clash at Valutina Gora (Valutino Mountain), the Russian success in which allowed the two Russian armies to join forces once again.
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During the
European campaigns of 1813 and 1814, Yermolov was in charge of the artillery corps of the allies. His able command proved crucial to their success in the
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1959:
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During his tenure as commander-in-chief in the
Caucasus, Yermolov (by that time promoted to the rank of full artillery general) was responsible for robust
1130:
1670:
Gammer, Moshe. 'Proconsul of the
Caucasus': a Re-examination of Yermolov. Social Evolution & History. Volume 2, Number 1 / March 2003. pp.177–194.
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brotherhood) which would leave now resistance in the eastern part of the
Caucasus and for some periods of time in some of its western parts too.
1129:. The exact reasons are unclear, but he was disliked by Nicholas and was blamed for not keeping the tribes in check. As Professor Moshe Gammer
1100:
694:, whose disciple he now considered himself. Yermolov was appointed to the 8th Artillery Regiment on 13 May 1801; he then transferred to the
1944:
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953:(1st class). During the rest of the campaign, he served as a duty officer in the headquarters of the main Russian army and fought at
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11 April] 1861 in Moscow and was buried at the
Trinity Church in Oryol. He left memoirs of his service in 1796–1816. His
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on 28 March 1808 and was appointed inspector of horse artillery companies. In early 1809, he inspected artillery companies of the
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1028:. The unsigned and undated letter notes that Yermolov was dismissed following an Iranian victory in what is present-day Georgia
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However, in the Caucasus (with the exception of Ossetia), Yermolov is infamous for atrocities he had committed. As historian
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972:. In late November, he commanded one of the detachments in the advance guard under General Rosen taking part in the
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11 April] 1861) was a Russian general of the 19th century who commanded Russian troops in the
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In addition to the decorations already mentioned, Yermolov was decorated with the Russian Orders of
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in the European style, as well as to improve and build communication routes (first of all, the
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on 12 November 1812 with seniority dating from 16 August 1812. He distinguished himself at the
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to replace him with Bagration. After the Russian armies united on 2 August, Yermolov fought at
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on 16 July 1806. The following year, he participated in the campaign in Poland, serving in
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and sentenced to exile. Two years later he was pardoned and brought back into service by
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in northern Italy and Switzerland. During this time he was accused of conspiracy against
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gubernias, where he remained for the next two years. In 1811, he took command of the
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1314:, and his service in the Caucasus. They were published posthumously in two volumes.
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During the last 30 years of his life, Yermolov lived in seclusion at his manor near
690:, pardoned Yermolov, who returned to the military and began studying the works of
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945:, where he was lightly wounded leading a counterattack that recaptured the Great
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830:, Yermolov served in the rear and advance guards and distinguished himself at
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862:. In June 1807, Yermolov commanded horse artillery company in the actions at
1707:Алексей Петрович Ермолов, (1777 – 1861). Генерал от инфантерии и артиллерии.
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448:. He served in all the Russian campaigns against the French, except for the
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1723:
The Military Reforms of Nicholas I: The Origins of the Modern Russian Army
663:. However, he was arrested on 7 January 1799 for alleged participation in
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In Russia, he was famous for military prowess, bravery and strategy. His
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Yermolov's career came to an abrupt end in 1827 and he was replaced with
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655:(4th class) on 12 January 1795. The next year, Yermolov took part in the
739: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
526: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1898:
The Czar's General: The Memoirs of a Russian General by Alexey Yermolov
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850:. He distinguished himself commanding an artillery company in numerous
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and known in some English language sources originating from German as
1310:(Memoirs) are divided into three parts covering his early career, the
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but declined on account of poor health. He died on 23 April [
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In 2005, Ravenhall Books published his abridged memoirs under titles
1452:(1st class); foreign orders received included the Prussian Orders of
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in 1818, receiving promotion to general of infantry on 4 March 1818.
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In October–November 1812, Yermolov served in the advance guard under
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and Bagration. He opposed Barclay's strategy and appealed to Emperor
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For Economist and Minister of Agriculture and State Properties, see
1472:, and two golden swords for courage (including one with diamonds).
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Yermolov leading the counterattack on the Great Redoubt during the
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810:
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672:
1794:
Lone Wolf and Bear: 300 years of Chechen Defiance of Russian Rule
1037:, to evade the execution of Alexander I's promise to restore to
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The Sabres of Paradise: Conquest and Vengeance in the Caucasus
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the following year. Under him new towns were built (he founded
886:. Although his division took part in the 1809 campaign against
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Persian letter regarding the dismissal of Yermolov during the
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and played an important role in the quarrel between Generals
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After the assassination of Paul I in 1801, the new emperor,
1745:"Empire and Mountains: The Case of Russia and the Caucasus"
2020:
Recipients of the Order of St. George of the Second Degree
1782:
Russia confronts Chechnya: Roots of a Separatist Conflict
617:
on 16 January 1787. Four years later, he was promoted to
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Knights Cross of the Military Order of Maria Theresa
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was about to be arrested on charges relating to the
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For ten years he was both commander-in-chief of the
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urgent task: Yermolov had to travel on a mission to
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1041:part of the territories acquired by Russia in the
878:(3rd class, 7 September 1807). He was promoted to
2040:Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (military class)
440:24 May] 1777 – 23 April [
2005:Russian military personnel of the Caucasian War
1842:The Ghost of Freedom: A History of the Caucasus
1769:The Ghost of Freedom: A History of the Caucasus
606:. He graduated from the boarding school of the
2015:Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 1st class
1875:Great Russian Encyclopedia. Electronic version
1950:Members of the State Council (Russian Empire)
937:(Valutina Gora) for which he was promoted to
822:His own military genius blossomed during the
8:
1107:, but failed to prevent multiple uprisings.
464:. Yermolov distinguished himself during the
1551:, in turn, fought at the village of Lubino.
1356:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1202:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
998:. In 1814, he distinguished himself in the
1522:(Chapter VI, 1908), described him in 1908:
49:
38:
1995:Russian commanders of the Napoleonic Wars
1990:Russian people of the Kościuszko Uprising
1965:Ambassadors of the Russian Empire to Iran
1955:Generals of the infantry (Russian Empire)
1420:Learn how and when to remove this message
1266:Learn how and when to remove this message
949:. For his courage, Yermolov received the
799:Learn how and when to remove this message
632:. He briefly taught at the Artillery and
586:Learn how and when to remove this message
1980:Prisoners of the Peter and Paul Fortress
1636:
1277:
2030:Recipients of the Order of St. Vladimir
1626:
1540:
1110:When, in 1825, Yermolov found out that
917:, Yermolov took part in the retreat to
639:in 1793 before being sent to fight the
189:
838:. For his actions, he was promoted to
2050:City founders from the Russian Empire
1050:Russian military policies in Caucasus
890:, Yermolov commanded the reserves in
7:
1830:Chechnya: Tombstone of Russian Power
1354:adding citations to reliable sources
1200:adding citations to reliable sources
1064:In 1817, he fortified a ford on the
737:adding citations to reliable sources
598:Yermolov was born on 4 June 1777 in
524:adding citations to reliable sources
2045:Recipients of Russian royal pardons
2025:Recipients of the Iron Cross (1813)
1806:Chechnya: The Case for Independence
1160:of infantry was confirmed in 1833.
1084:; he started the reconstruction of
602:to a Russian noble family from the
174:Preobrazhensky Life Guards Regiment
1484:leadership of imperial armies was
1068:river and founded the fortress of
25:
1294:. He was asked to lead a peasant
2010:Circassian genocide perpetrators
2000:People of the Russo-Persian Wars
1960:Caucasus Viceroyalty (1801–1917)
1743:Gammer, Moshe (September 2013).
1520:Russian Conquest of the Caucasus
1326:
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1016:Russian conquest of the Caucasus
902:company and in 1812, became the
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500:
125:
1468:of Karl Friedrich, the Persian
1462:Military Order of Maria Theresa
724:needs additional citations for
511:needs additional citations for
1985:Members of the Russian Academy
1940:Military personnel from Moscow
983:. In 1813, Yermolov fought at
854:actions during the retreat to
1:
1470:Order of the Lion and the Sun
1101:imperial ambassador to Persia
1026:Russo-Persian War (1826-1828)
402:Order of St. Alexander Nevsky
347:Yermolov's campaign to Akusha
1854:nom des navires, pp. 302-328
1561:Paraul, Republic of Dagestan
1945:People from Moskovsky Uyezd
1900:, translated and edited by
1611:Alexei Petrowitsch Jermolow
1434:St. Andrew the First Called
362:Russo-Persian War (1826–28)
32:Alexey Sergeyevich Yermolov
27:Russian general (1777–1861)
2066:
1970:1820s in Georgia (country)
1870:"ЕРМОЛОВ АЛЕКСЕЙ ПЕТРОВИЧ"
1013:
828:War of the Third Coalition
679:, where he taught himself
628:Regiment with the rank of
426:Aleksey Petrovich Yermolov
210:Persian Expedition of 1796
78:Aleksey Petrovich Yermolov
29:
18:Aleksey Yermolov (general)
1509:state-sponsored terrorism
1284:Pyotr Zakharov-Chechenets
647:. He participated in the
433:
287:Battle of Maloyaroslavets
48:
1868:Mukhanov, V. M. (2023).
1818:The Chechens: A Handbook
1752:Uchitel Publishing House
1697:Lesley Blanch, pp. 23-24
1651:Они родились в 1777 году
434:Алексей Петрович Ермолов
406:Order of the White Eagle
69:Алексей Петрович Ермолов
68:
974:combats on the Berezina
671:and spent two years in
645:Polish campaign of 1794
621:and transferred to the
615:Preobrazhensky Regiment
418:Moscow State University
270:Combat of Valutina Gora
164:General of the Infantry
1528:
1513:
1287:
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1090:Georgian Military Road
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115:Moscow, Russian Empire
1915:http://ermolov.org.ru
1902:Alexander Mikaberidze
1654:. p 74 Алетейя, 2008
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1505:
1350:improve this section
1281:
1196:improve this section
1156:; Yermolov's rank of
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1023:
1014:Further information:
814:
394:Order of St. Vladimir
152:Years of service
146:Imperial Russian Army
1721:Frederick W. Kagan.
1592:Republic of Dagestan
1456:(1st class) and the
1442:St. Alexander Nevsky
1112:Alexander Griboyedov
1039:Fat′h-Ali Shah Qajar
1002:and was awarded the
874:, being awarded the
864:Guttstadt and Deppen
733:improve this article
610:and enlisted in the
520:improve this article
338:Battle of Dzhengutay
240:Battle of Austerlitz
1004:Order of St. George
1000:battle around Paris
876:Order of St. George
653:Order of St. George
436:; 4 June [
398:Order of Saint Anna
390:Order of St. George
386:Order of St. Andrew
342:Battle of Dadi-yurt
260:Battle of Friedland
255:Battle of Heilsberg
250:Battle of Guttstadt
230:Battle of Amstetten
216:Storming of Derbent
196:Kościuszko Uprising
1816:Jaimoukha, Amjad.
1725:, Palgrave, 1999,
1648:Григорий Шенкман.
1369:"Aleksey Yermolov"
1288:
1215:"Aleksey Yermolov"
1054:commander-in-chief
1043:Treaty of Gulistan
1030:
943:Battle of Borodino
939:lieutenant general
908:First Western Army
884:Army of the Danube
858:as well as in the
820:
817:Battle of Borodino
748:"Aleksey Yermolov"
643:insurgents in the
535:"Aleksey Yermolov"
468:at the Battles of
282:Battle of Tarutino
277:Battle of Borodino
265:Battle of Valutino
1574:, capital of the
1572:Nizhny Dzhengutay
1490:Alexander Pushkin
1464:(3rd class), the
1430:
1429:
1422:
1404:
1276:
1275:
1268:
1250:
1116:Decembrist revolt
1006:on 7 April 1814.
951:Order of St. Anna
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808:
801:
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701:on 21 June 1801.
692:Alexander Suvorov
651:and received the
608:Moscow University
604:Oryol Governorate
596:
595:
588:
570:
454:Alexander Suvorov
423:
422:
352:Battle of Levashi
322:Storming of Paris
317:Battle of Leipzig
307:Battle of Bautzen
202:Storming of Praga
16:(Redirected from
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1828:Lieven, Anatol.
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1516:John F. Baddeley
1494:Vasily Zhukovsky
1440:(1st class), of
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966:Battle of Vyazma
923:Barclay de Tolly
844:Prince Bagration
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782:
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657:Persian Campaign
649:assault on Praga
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569:
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335:Battle of Paraul
302:Battle of Lutzen
297:Battle of Krasny
292:Battle of Vyazma
141:
135:
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128:
112:
92:
90:
53:
43:Aleksey Yermolov
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21:
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1891:Further reading
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1840:King, Charles.
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1792:Gammer, Moshe.
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1576:Mehtuli Khanate
1570:
1566:
1559:
1555:
1549:Nikolay Tuchkov
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1446:the White Eagle
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1415:
1409:
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1361:
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1331:
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1312:Napoleonic Wars
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1207:
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1177:
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1099:armies and the
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955:Maloyaroslavets
900:guard artillery
860:Battle of Eylau
824:Napoleonic Wars
805:
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718:
707:
705:Napoleonic Wars
696:horse artillery
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466:Napoleonic Wars
404:
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245:Battle of Eylau
235:Battle of Krems
224:Napoleonic Wars
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1181:This section
1180:
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1127:Ivan Paskevich
1011:
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981:Battle of Kulm
964:and fought at
904:Chief of Staff
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1637:Mukhanov 2023
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1402:
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845:
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789:February 2024
781:
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722:This section
720:
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568:
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537: –
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525:
521:
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514:
509:This section
507:
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498:
497:
491:
489:
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479:
475:
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1879:. Retrieved
1873:
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1518:, author of
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1506:
1501:Charles King
1498:
1488:in poems by
1486:romanticized
1479:
1438:St. Vladimir
1431:
1416:
1407:
1397:
1390:
1383:
1376:
1364:
1348:Please help
1336:
1307:
1289:
1282:Portrait by
1262:
1253:
1243:
1236:
1229:
1222:
1210:
1194:Please help
1182:
1151:
1141:
1135:
1120:
1109:
1094:
1063:
1047:
1031:
978:
962:Miloradovich
959:
912:
821:
795:
786:
776:
769:
762:
755:
743:
731:Please help
726:verification
723:
685:
597:
582:
573:
563:
556:
549:
542:
530:
518:Please help
513:verification
510:
425:
424:
367:
360:
328:
222:
208:
194:
180:Battles/wars
111:(1861-04-23)
55:Portrait by
36:
1975:Decembrists
1935:1861 deaths
1930:1777 births
1804:Wood, Tony.
1482:charismatic
1466:Baden Order
1300:Crimean War
1298:during the
927:Alexander I
913:During the
688:Alexander I
669:Tsar Paul I
661:Caspian Sea
637:Cadet Corps
462:Alexander I
369:Crimean War
93:4 June 1777
65:Native name
57:George Dawe
1924:Categories
1660:5914190932
1621:References
1380:newspapers
1226:newspapers
1164:Retirement
1139:Naqshbandi
1123:Nicholas I
1078:Kislovodsk
1074:Pyatigorsk
996:Iron Cross
836:Austerlitz
759:newspapers
665:conspiracy
659:along the
623:Nizhegorod
619:lieutenant
546:newspapers
492:Early life
470:Austerlitz
413:Alma mater
120:Allegiance
89:1777-06-04
75:Birth name
1448:, and of
1337:does not
1183:does not
872:Friedland
868:Heilsberg
856:Landsberg
852:rearguard
832:Amstetten
155:1787–1827
1733:, p.291.
1503:puts it:
1450:St. Anna
1286:(c.1843)
1132:writes:
1105:Dagestan
1097:Georgian
1045:of 1813
1010:Caucasus
993:Prussian
931:Smolensk
919:Smolensk
892:Volhynia
677:Kostroma
667:against
634:Engineer
478:Borodino
140:Service/
1862:Sources
1844:, p. 45
1688:; p. 24
1607:Ermolov
1590:of the
1394:scholar
1358:removed
1343:sources
1308:Zapiski
1296:militia
1240:scholar
1204:removed
1189:sources
1158:general
989:Bautzen
947:Redoubt
906:of the
896:Podolsk
888:Austria
840:colonel
773:scholar
699:company
630:captain
626:Dragoon
560:scholar
430:Russian
1729:
1710:Quote:
1658:
1588:a city
1476:Legacy
1460:, the
1396:
1389:
1382:
1375:
1367:
1318:Awards
1242:
1235:
1228:
1221:
1213:
1142:tariqa
1086:Tiflis
1070:Grozny
1066:Sunzha
1059:Persia
1035:Tehran
985:Lützen
970:Krasny
935:Lubino
775:
768:
761:
754:
746:
641:Polish
612:Guards
600:Moscow
562:
555:
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541:
533:
484:, and
458:Paul I
382:Awards
142:branch
133:Russia
130:
96:Moscow
59:, 1824
1748:(PDF)
1602:Also
1535:Notes
1444:, of
1436:, of
1401:JSTOR
1387:books
1292:Oryol
1247:JSTOR
1233:books
780:JSTOR
766:books
681:Latin
673:exile
567:JSTOR
553:books
486:Paris
474:Eylau
1883:2023
1727:ISBN
1656:ISBN
1586:Now
1373:news
1341:any
1339:cite
1304:O.S.
1219:news
1187:any
1185:cite
1146:Sufi
1076:and
968:and
933:and
894:and
870:and
834:and
752:news
539:news
482:Kulm
442:O.S.
438:O.S.
186:List
170:Unit
160:Rank
106:Died
83:Born
1352:by
1198:by
957:.
846:'s
735:by
675:to
522:by
452:of
1926::
1872:.
1767:.
1750:.
1684:,
1629:^
1511:."
1492:,
910:.
866:,
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480:,
476:,
472:,
432::
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1885:.
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777:·
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589:)
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564:·
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550:·
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428:(
91:)
87:(
34:.
20:)
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