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338:, professor of Anatomy at Amsterdam, where he saw Ruysch's large collection of anatomical dissections and learned from him techniques of preservation of anatomical specimens. Patients from Scotland who came to consult Boerhaave in Leiden were often put under Monro's care. Like many Scottish students at Leiden he did not sit the examinations for the degree of MD.
347:
also gave a recommendation in favour of Monro to the Town
Council, the patrons of the University. This was backed by the Incorporation of Surgeons, and on 22 January 1720 the Council appointed Monro Professor of Anatomy with a salary of £15 sterling, this modest sum being supplemented by the students' fees of three guineas a head.
386:
Monro and the committee of donors established this hospital in August 1729 in a house in
Robertson's Close, rented from the university. This had six beds where the sick poor could be treated and provide clinical teaching for medical students. This 'Hospital for the Sick Poor' or 'Little House' as it
358:
This led to public demonstrations and riots which Monro felt endangered him and his collection of dissected specimens. Monro appealed to the Town
Council to allow him to lecture and perform anatomical demonstrations within the relative safety of the University. The Council agreed and Monro moved from
346:
On his return to
Edinburgh in the autumn of 1719, Monro sat the four part examination to become a Freeman (Fellow) of the Incorporation of Surgeons and was admitted as a Fellow on 19 November. Adam Drummond then fulfilled his promise of resigning his professorship, and John M'Gill did likewise. They
298:
Monro took an active part in discussions, and in one of his papers first sketched his "Account of the Bones in
General". This would form the basis of his later textbook on osteology. Before he left London he sent home to his father some of his anatomical specimens. His father showed these to members
378:
John Monro's vision of the new
Edinburgh medical school was based on the Leiden model of a medical faculty within a university and with an associated teaching hospital. In 1721, Alexander Monro circulated a pamphlet setting out the case for this hospital. Lord Provost George Drummond helped secure
228:
John Monro was a military surgeon and his son
Alexander was born in London while he was on military duty there. When Alexander was three the family returned to Edinburgh, where John Monro took great care with his son's education. He had him instructed in Latin, Greek and French, and in philosophy,
354:
Until 1725, Monro continued to lecture in the old
Surgeons' Hall on the south side of Surgeons' Square. The popularity of his teaching had led to an increased demand for cadavers for dissection. Despite the fact that Monro had publicly declared his "...Abhorrence for the vile, abominable and most
480:
with Monro as editor. A total of six volumes were published consisting of case reports from around the
British Isles, reviews of the literature and book reviews, with most of the reviews being written by Monro himself. These were popular and important in their day, being translated into French,
350:
Monro's original appointment as professor was only at the pleasure of the Town
Council, who at that time administered the University or Town's College. In 1722, encouraged by his success, Monro applied to the Council for permanent status, and although the Council had as lately as August 1719
485:
regarded as the first regular medical journal in Britain and one of the first in the world It was also the first medical journal to introduce anonymised peer review. This innovative publication helped to establish Monro as a major figure of the Scottish Enlightenment.
428:. It was translated into most European languages and in 1759 a French folio edition was published in Paris with elegant engravings by Joseph Sue, Professor of Anatomy to the Royal Schools of Surgery and to the Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture in Paris.
235:
He was then bound apprentice to his father, who was by now in practice as a surgeon in Edinburgh. During this apprenticeship he also attended courses in botany delivered by George Preston, courses in chemistry by Dr James Crawford and anatomy dissections at
504:
In 1765 Monro published an account of the extent of inoculation against smallpox in Scotland, in which he estimated that only 88 of Scotland's doctors, out of an estimated 270, had taken up the procedure and had inoculated a total of 5,554 people.
438:
The great reputation attained by Monro's work did much to increase the fame of the new school of medicine on Edinburgh. In 1764, he resigned his professorship, but continued to give clinical lectures at the hospital. In the same year, he published
175:
After medical studies in Edinburgh, London, Paris and Leiden, Alexander Monro returned to Edinburgh, and pursued a career as a surgeon and anatomy teacher. With the support of his father and the patronage of the Edinburgh, Lord Provost
322:
where he attended a course of anatomy given by Bourquet. He performed operations under the direction of Thibaut and had instruction in midwifery from Gregoire, in bandaging from Cesau, and in botany from Pierre-Jean-Baptiste Chomel.
351:
reaffirmed the principle that regentships and professorships were to be held at their pleasure, they now departed from this and on 14 March 1722, nominated Alexander Monro sole Professor of Anatomy in the City and College.
278:
He made dissections of the human body and of various animals and demonstrated a natural aptitude for this work. His career was nearly cut short as a result of a scratch on the hand inflicted while he was dissecting the
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434:
wrote that the book "may be considered as the completion on the subject, since it would be exceedingly difficult and perfectly unnecessary to introduce any improvements upon the descriptions which Dr Monro has given."
184:. His lectures, delivered in English, rather than the conventional Latin, proved popular with students and his qualities as a teacher contributed to the success and reputation of the Edinburgh medical school.
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In 1731 Monro was the driving force in the foundation of the Society for the Improvement of Medical Knowledge, and he became its first secretary. The following year the Society began to publish
307:. They were so impressed with the quality of these dissections that Adam Drummond, on seeing them, indicated that would resign his share of the professorship of anatomy in favour of Monro.
1089:
Medical essays and observations, revised and publ. by a society in Edinburgh [the Medical [afterw.] Philosophical Society of Edinburgh]. 5 vols. [in 6 pt.]
516:
The eldest son, John Monro (1725-1789), became an advocate and then procurator Fiscal to the High Court of Admiralty. He inherited Achenbowie to become 5th of Auchenbowie.
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402:. The original hospital moved in 1741 and the new hospital was finally completed in 1745. Among the first admissions to the completed hospital were casualties from the
806:
1334:
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Osteology, A treatise on the anatomy of the human bones with An account of the reciprocal motions of the heart and A description of the human lacteal sac and duct
398:
With the growth of the new medical school this soon became too small for purpose and a new teaching hospital was commissioned, designed by the leading architect
450:
As a Freeman (or Fellow) of the Incorporation of Surgeons, Monro continued his surgical practice alongside anatomy teaching. Like all three generations, Monro
489:
After a period of inactivity the society was reformed as the Philosophical Society, which also lapsed but was revived in 1752 with Monro and the philosopher
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300:
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and had arranged Alexander's education in the hope that his son might become the first Professor of Anatomy in the new university medical school.
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792:
501:, which had been founded in 1754 by the painter Allan Ramsay "...to discover the most effectual methods of promoting the good of the country."
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1354:
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who both followed him in the chair of anatomy. These three Monros between them held the Edinburgh University Chair of Anatomy for 126 years.
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In 1725, he married Isabella MacDonald (1694 -1774), third daughter of Sir Donald MacDonald of Sleat. They had three sons and a daughter.
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524:
141:
751:
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884:. Wellcome Library. London : Published for the Wellcome Historical Medical Museum by Baillière, Tindall & Cox. pp.
757:
260:, the famous surgeon who was a renowned teacher and a skilful demonstrator. A lasting friendship was formed between the two men.
424:
which went through eight editions in his lifetime and a further three after his death. Later editions included a description of
334:, the great physician and teacher, who lectured on the theory and practice of physic. On Boerhaave's recommendation he visited
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and John Innes as Professors of the Practice of Physic, Andrew St Clair as Professor of the Institutes of Theory of Medicine,
979:"Alexander Munro (Monro), primus. From an account in contemporary manuscript. With introduction and notes by H. D. Erlam..."
149:
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177:
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Surgeons Hall to the University of Edinburgh, being formally inaugurated to the university chair on 3 November 1725.
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164:(19 September 1697 – 10 July 1767) was a Scottish surgeon and anatomist. His father, the surgeon
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inhumane Crime of stealing human bodies out of their graves..." public anger was directed against anatomists.
192:
169:
1239:"John Monro, 5th of Auchinbowie, Advocate b. 5 Nov 1725 d. May 1789: MacFarlane Clan & Families Genealogy"
1306:. By John Alexander Inglis. Edinburgh. Printed privately by T and A Constable. Printers to His Majesty. 1911.
1266:
The Professor's Daughter: An Essay on Female Conduct Contained in Letters from a Father to His Daughter 1739
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In 1717, on completion of his apprenticeship, Alexander Munro was sent to London to study anatomy under
245:
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Alexander attended classes at the University of Edinburgh between 1710 and 1713 but did not graduate.
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was concerned that he would lose the arm as a result of the soft tissue infection which developed.
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as joint secretaries. In 1783 the Philosophical Society received a Royal Charter to become the
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and visited patients with him. He also attended lectures by the theologian and mathematician
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534:(1733–1817) succeeded his father as Professor of anatomy at the University of Edinburgh.
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1025:
History of the Royal Society: From Its Institution to the End of the Eighteenth Century
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17:
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The initial medical faculty was completed in February 1726 with the appointment of
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Story of a great hospital : the Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh ; 1729-1929
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523:(1727–1802), graduated MD and became Physician-General to the army, physician to
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Portraits, Paintings & Busts in the Royal College of Surgeons in Edinburgh
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1160:"Smallpox inoculation and demographic trends in eighteenth-century Scotland"
1103:
Kronick, D. A. (1990). "Peer review in 18th-century scientific journalism".
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Emerson, Roger L. (2004). "The founding of the Edinburgh medical school".
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financial backing from local surgeons, physicians, wealthy citizens and
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To gain as much experience as possible Monro lodged in the house of an
244:
and John McGill. He assisted his father in treating the wounded at the
180:, Alexander Monro was appointed foundation Professor of Anatomy at the
370:
as professor of Chemistry, and John Gibson as professor of Midwifery.
217:
and his wife, Jean Forbes, who was his first cousin. John Monro was a
96:
Foundation Professor of Anatomy, Edinburgh University Medical School
881:
History of Scottish Medicine to 1860 [electronic resource]
148:
140:
551:
From 1730, Monro lived in a large flat on the south side of the
473:, on 27 June 1723, on the recommendation of William Cheseldon.
537:
For Margaret (died 1802), his only surviving daughter, Monro p
280:
752:"Monro, Alexander, primus (1697–1767), surgeon and anatomist"
878:
Comrie, John D.; Wellcome Historical Medical Museum (1927).
420:
At the end of 1726, Monro published his only major textbook
663:
The Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh
659:"The Monros – three medical dynasties with a common origin"
900:"Caledonian Mercury . 20th Apr 1725 Edinburgh, Scotland"
555:, moving in 1750 to Covenant Close off the High Street.
1375:
Fellows of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh
1011:. Wellcome Library. Edinburgh, London: Oliver and Boyd.
598:
An account of the inoculation of small pox in Scotland.
441:
An Account of the Inoculation of Small-pox in Scotland.
314:
went to Paris where attended lectures on botany in the
1217:
An account of the inoculation of small pox in Scotland
929:
Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences
729:. The Wellcome Historical Medical Library. p. 42.
287:(tuberculosis). His mentor and friend, the Scots born
1370:
Fellows of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh
835:"The Royal Society. Fellows details. Alexander Monro"
600:
Edinburgh:1765, printed by Drummond and J. Balfour …
145:
Bust of Monro in Old College, University of Edinburgh
1380:
Deaths from colorectal cancer in the United Kingdom
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326:On 16 November 1718, Monro entered as a student of
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34:
750:
567:of rectal cancer on 10 July 1767. He is buried in
168:, had been a prime mover in the foundation of the
318:He walked the wards of the hospitals including
1304:The Monros of Auchinbowie and Cognate Families
1299:. Vol. 38. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
406:on 21 September 1745. Monro Primus, a staunch
527:l, London and a Fellow of the Royal Society.
8:
807:"Monro's Lectures on The History of Anatomy"
761:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
395:, which conferred the 'Royal' designation.
1269:. Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh.
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391:. In 1736 it received a Royal Charter from
630:Monros of Auchinbowie and Cognate Families
45:
31:
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1045:, 1765, no. 23, p. 291 (French)
1043:Journal de médecine, chirurgie, pharmacie
674:
1345:Academics of the University of Edinburgh
1005:Turner, A. Logan (Arthur Logan) (1937).
627:John Alexander Inglis (27 August 2016).
456:Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh
225:, descended from the Monros of Foulis.
758:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
619:
563:He died at his home in Covenant Close,
310:In the spring of 1718, Alexander Monro
793:Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh
1335:18th-century Scottish medical doctors
1092:. Philosophical Society of Edinburgh.
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1286:"Monro, Alexander (1697-1767)"
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252:Studies in London, Paris and Leiden
723:Rex Earl Wright-St. Clair (1964).
466:were also Presidents of the RCPE.
25:
545:intended to improve her education
497:. Monro was also a member of the
283:lung of a subject, known to have
1296:Dictionary of National Biography
1243:www.clanmacfarlanegenealogy.info
387:was known was the origin of the
374:Establishing a teaching hospital
191:to distinguish him from his son
657:Macintyre, I; Munro, A (2015).
483:Medical Essays and Observations
478:Medical Essays and Observations
426:The Anatomy of the Human Nerves
422:The Anatomy of the Human Bones,
213:Alexander Monro was the son of
187:He is known as Alexander Monro
1385:Deaths from cancer in Scotland
1365:Burials at Greyfriars Kirkyard
1350:Medical doctors from Edinburgh
415:The Anatomy of the Human Bones
229:arithmetic and book-keeping.
130:The Anatomy of the Human Bones
27:Scottish surgeon and anatomist
1:
726:Doctors Monro: a medical saga
275:on experimental philosophy.
153:The grave of Alexander Monro
1355:Fellows of the Royal Society
839:collections.royalsociety.org
775:UK public library membership
543:An essay on female conduct '
389:Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh
121:Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh
593:– Online: the 1741 edition.
471:Fellow of the Royal Society
301:Royal College of Physicians
1401:
607:An essay on female conduct
495:Royal Society of Edinburgh
1215:Monro, Alexander (1765).
1176:10.1017/s0025727300055691
1086:Monro, Alexander (1752).
1055:Haertsch, Emilie (2017).
911:British Newspaper Archive
305:Incorporation of Surgeons
240:by Messers Robert Eliot,
135:
100:
44:
1263:Alexander Monro (1996).
1117:10.1001/jama.263.10.1321
749:Guerrini, Anita (2004).
532:Alexander Monro secundus
209:Early life and education
170:Edinburgh Medical School
119:University of Edinburgh,
1148:3 March 1755. pp. 14–15
1022:Thomas Thomson (1812).
575:with his wife and son,
182:University of Edinburgh
18:Alexander Monro, primus
1283:Moore, Norman (1894).
767:10.1093/ref:odnb/18964
676:10.4997/jrcpe.2015.116
158:
146:
509:Family and later life
404:Battle of Prestonpans
246:Battle of Sheriffmuir
157:, Greyfriars Kirkyard
152:
144:
941:10.1093/jhmas/jrh066
795:. 1995. p. 134.
469:Monro was elected a
454:was a Fellow of the
342:Professor of Anatomy
221:, a cadet branch of
219:Monro of Auchenbowie
111:Professor of Anatomy
1340:Scottish anatomists
1225:2027/ucm.532032625x
1158:Brunton, D (1992).
633:. WENTWORTH Press.
569:Greyfriars Kirkyard
525:St George's Hospita
87:Edinburgh, Scotland
51:Alexander Monro by
1330:History of anatomy
481:German and Dutch.
381:Church of Scotland
271:and the physicist
159:
147:
1111:(10): 1321–1322.
1041:, book review in
773:(Subscription or
640:978-1-371-53444-8
571:in the centre of
446:Learned societies
328:Leiden University
258:William Cheselden
198:and his grandson
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68:19 September 1697
16:(Redirected from
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1360:Clan Munro
1314:Categories
1067:(4): 46–47
866:Moore 1894
844:4 February
811:jisc.ac.uk
777:required.)
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462:and Monro
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108:Profession
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1039:"Extrait"
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