355:. He was confined on the rock from 26 June 1673 to 9 October 1677, when he was removed to the Edinburgh Tolbooth, where he remained until December 1678. A petition for liberation was refused, and he was sentenced instead to perpetual banishment. In December 1678, he and 60 others were sentenced to banishment to the American plantations. They were transported by ship to London, where they were to be transferred to an American ship. The American captain of the ship which was chartered to convey Peden and his companions to the Virginia plantations, however, on discovering they were being banished for their religious opinions, not as convicts, declined to take them aboard, and they were set at liberty. From London, Peden found his way back to Scotland, and again to the north of Ireland.
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285:. As he was about to receive license from the Presbytery of Ayr, an accusation of immorality was raised against him, but was found to be false. In 1659 he was ordained to this charge, and was deprived by Act of Parliament 11 June, and Decreet of Privy Council 1 October 1662. When he preached his farewell sermon, he is said to have occupied the pulpit till nightfall, and on leaving it, to have knocked three times on the pulpit door with his Bible, saying, "I arrest thee in my Master's name, that none enter thee but such as come by the door, as I have done."
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316:, Peden had to leave his parish under Middleton's Ejectment Act in 1663. For ten years he wandered far and wide, bringing comfort and succour to his co-religionists, and often very narrowly escaping capture, spending some of his time in Ireland. To hide his identity, Peden took to wearing a cloth mask and wig, which are now on display in
371:
or to swear not to rise in arms against the king. This oath did not require one to proclaim the king as the head of the church. However, it would have been understood by a
Covenanter to be a promise not to resist the king's claimed supremacy, ecclesiastical as well as civil. Peden was 11 miles away.
288:
Following his ejection, Peden became perhaps the most celebrated field preacher of his time. He wandered all over the south of
Scotland, obtaining by his figurative and oracular style of address and his supposed prophetic gifts an extraordinary influence over the people, which was further increased
362:
and his second wife, Isabel Weir. He told Isabel after the ceremony, "You have a good man to be your husband, but you will not enjoy him long; prize his company, and keep linen by you to be his winding sheet, for you will need it when ye are not looking for it, and it will be a bloody one". On the
489:
The Lord's
Trumpet sounding an Alarm against Scotland by Warning of a Bloody Sword; being the substance of a Preface and two Prophetical Sermons preached at Glenluce, Anno 1682, by that great Scottish Prophet, Mr. Alexander Peden, late Minister of the Gospel at New Glenluce in Galloway,' was
479:
was one of the places where Rev. Alexander Peden and others were said to have preached to
Covenanters. The monument was erected around 1866 and is maintained by a local Covenanters' committee. The stone on which the monument is mounted would have been used as the plinth by preachers.
251:, about 1626. He was the son of a small proprietor. His name can also be spelled Peathine or Pethein. He was possibly the Alexander Peden who was the restored heir of his grandfather in Hillhead of Sorn, 16 March 1648, and on the same day heir of Auchinlonfuird.
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He prayed with the family of John
Muirhead in his home, "Lord, when wilt Thou avenge Brown's blood? O, let Brown's blood be precious in Thy sight." Peden told them of his vision of Brown's wife weeping over his corpse and of Claverhouse killing John Brown.
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He was the most eminent and revered of all the
Scottish covenanting preachers, and his influence upon the mass of the people was so great that they gave him the name of "The Prophet," and were accustomed to regard him as almost possessed of the prophetic
396:. Having a presentiment that he had not many hours to live, he left the cave one evening and went to his brother's farm, where he died on 28 January 1686. He was buried in the Boswell aisle of
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415:, the inhabitants of the parish of Cumnock, in token of their esteem for Peden, abandoned their ancient burial-place, and formed a new one round the gallows hill.
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Peden's privations and anxieties had gradually undermined his health. Resolving to spend his last days in his native district, he found shelter in a
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885:. Vol. 1. Edinburgh, Printed at the University Press by T. and A. Constable for the Scottish History Society. 1905. p.
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166:. Peden endured upwards of five years from 26 June 1673 to 9 October 1678 closely shut up in that "desolate sea-girt Rock".
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Emeralds chased in Gold; or, the
Islands of the Forth: their story, ancient and modern. [With illustrations.]
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grave. Peden is reported to have said "Oh to be wi thee, Ritchie!" at the grave of
Cameron's decapitated body.
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Fasti ecclesiae scoticanae; the succession of ministers in the Church of
Scotland from the reformation
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328:. On 16 August 1667, he was declared a fugitive. He fled to Ireland in 1670, but returned in 1673.
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Galloway and the
Covenanters; or, The struggle for religious liberty in the south-west of Scotland
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443:, which records prophetic and other charismatic gifts practised by historical reformed figures.
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took his corpse two miles to Cumnock gallows, and were about to hang it up in chains. However,
324:. On 25 January 1666, he was denounced as a rebel, and was excepted from the pardon after the
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Of his early training, there is no clear record, but he may have attended the parish school of
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Johnston's Alexander Peden, the Prophet of the Covenant, and Treasury of the Scottish Covenant
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from 1643 to 1648. For a time he acted as schoolmaster, precentor, and session-clerk at
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The blue flag; or, The Covenanters who contended for "Christ's crown and covenant"
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Six saints of the Covenant : Peden: Semple: Welwood: Cameron: Cargill: Smith
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The records of the proceedings of the Justiciary court, Edinburgh, 1661-1678
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night of 30 April or morning of 1 May 1685, troops commanded by Captain
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855:. Vol. 21 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 37.
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Alexander Peden Memorial inscription, Cumnock, East Ayrshire, Scotland
584:. Edinburgh and London: Oliphant, Anderson & Ferrier. p. 225
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1733: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
957:. Richmond : Presbyterian Committee of Publication. pp.
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
524:
Six Saints of the Covenant, ed. by D. Hay Fleming pp. 45–178
1329:
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Walker, Patrick; Shields, Alexander; Stevenson, John (1827).
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in the parish of Sorn, near his brother's farm just north of
986:. Vol. 1. London : Hodder and Stoughton. pp.
658:"Alexander Peden: Prophecy, Ploughmen and Preaching in 1682"
500:
The Life and Prophecies of Alexander Peden by Patrick Walker
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by his hardships, perils, and numerous hairbreadth escapes.
919:
917:
213:
Peden's blue plaque at Mistyburn, Antrim, Northern Ireland
530:
Todd's Homes, Haunts, and Battlefields of the Covenanters
777:. Vol. 44. London: Smith, Elder & Co. pp.
220:(1626 – 26 January 1686), also known as "
205:
to Isabel Weir at Priesthill in Muirkirk parish in 1682
201:(1815–1891). Alexander Peden conducted the marriage of
619:. New York : R. Carter & Brothers. pp.
725:. Vol. 2. Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd. pp.
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published at Glasgow in 1739, and reprinted in 1779.
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to four years and three months' imprisonment on the
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688:The Bass rock: Its civil and ecclesiastic history
367:shot John Brown for his refusal to take the 1684
358:In 1682, Peden performed the wedding ceremony of
1796:17th-century Ministers of the Church of Scotland
518:Watson's Life and Times of Peden, Glasgow, 1881.
426:. The outcrop overlooks a natural amphitheatre.
1752:. Vol. 44. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
463:near the modern Alexander Peden Primary School
351:and a further fifteen months in the Edinburgh
1341:
1085:
8:
1801:17th-century Scottish Presbyterian ministers
1055:Video footage of Alexander Peden's Memorial.
980:Walker, Patrick; Fleming, David Hay (1901).
641:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
37:Peden's cloth mask and wig displayed in the
403:Forty days after, a troop of dragoons from
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691:. Edinburgh: J. Greig & Son. pp.
31:
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243:Peden was born at Auchincloich Farm near
224:", was one of the leading figures in the
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533:Jean L. Watson's Life and Times of Peden
270:, was employed in a similar capacity at
1060:Dunton Cove, Covenanter's Hiding Place.
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1806:Covenanting Prisoners of the Bass Rock
808:. Paisley : A. Gardner. pp.
634:
512:Hew Scott's Fasti Eccles. Scot. i. 168
409:William Crichton, 2nd Earl of Dumfries
763:Henderson, Thomas Finlayson (1895). "
758:
756:
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339:, Ayrshire, he was captured by Major
7:
277:In 1660 he was ordained minister of
1786:17th-century Presbyterian ministers
1015:. Vol. 1. Edinburgh: D. Speare
509:New Statistical Account of Scotland
14:
613:Menteath, A. Stuart, Mrs (1852).
422:Peden's pulpit in the Linn Glen,
1791:Scottish prisoners and detainees
1749:Dictionary of National Biography
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774:Dictionary of National Biography
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545:Dictionary of National Biography
539:Carslaw's Exiles of the Covenant
1776:People from Sorn, East Ayrshire
656:Jardine, Mark (17 April 2014).
503:Histories of Kirkton and Wodrow
16:Scottish covenanter (1626–1686)
515:Scott's Old Mortality, note 18
435:. Peden receives attention in
331:In June 1673, while holding a
296:Alexander Peden's gravestone,
266:, Ayrshire, and, according to
258:, and he was a student at the
195:The Marriage of the Covenanter
1:
802:Morton, Alexander S. (1914).
616:Lays of the kirk and covenant
441:Surprised by the Voice of God
927:The Covenanter Encyclopaedia
1822:
1065:Peden's Cave video footage
365:John Graham of Claverhouse
1714:
1363:
1312:
1126:Robert Bennet of Chesters
1111:
866:. This cites A. Smellie,
662:Jardine's Book of Martyrs
536:Hewat's Peden the Prophet
506:Howie's Scottish Worthies
30:
1296:John Spreul (town clerk)
1291:John Spreul (apothecary)
1012:Biographia Presbyteriana
951:Kerr, Robert P. (1905).
548:Biographia Presbyteriana
852:Encyclopædia Britannica
578:Dickson, John (1899).
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121:55.455364°N 4.262325°W
1045:at Wikimedia Commons
559:Peden's Cave, Craigie
469:Alexander Peden Stone
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447:Alexander Peden Stone
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343:and condemned by the
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260:University of Glasgow
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126:55.455364; -4.262325
1603:Alexander Moncrieff
1533:Alexander Henderson
1176:Alexander Forrester
1141:Sir George Campbell
924:Love, Dane (2009).
868:Men of the Covenant
719:Scott, Hew (1917).
521:Reid's Ireland, ii.
413:Glorious Revolution
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176:Richard Cameron's
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80:(aged 59–60)
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