452:, and which they later showed comprises the proteolytic activity of the 26S complex. Their subsequent studies defined many of the proteasome’s novel biochemical features, especially its ATP-dependent mechanism, peptide products, and cellular functions. Their recent research has shown that cellular rates of degradation are controlled in part by regulation of
391:
At that time, the lysosome was believed to be the only site for protein degradation in cells. However, in 1977, his lab demonstrated that the rapid breakdown of misfolded proteins in reticulocytes is catalyzed by a non-lysosomal, ATP-dependent system, now called the
Ubiquitin Proteasome System. The
836:
VerPlank JJS, Tyrkalska SD, Fleming A, Rubinsztein DC, Goldberg AL. cGMP via PKG activates 26S proteasomes and enhances degradation of proteins, including ones that cause neurodegenerative diseases. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020;117(25):14220-14230. doi:10.1073/pnas.2003277117. PMID
807:
Smith DM, Chang SC, Park S, Finley D, Cheng Y, et al. Docking of the proteasomal ATPases' carboxyl termini in the 20S proteasome's alpha ring opens the gate for substrate entry. Mol Cell. 2007 Sep 7;27(5):731-44. PubMed PMID 17803938; PubMed
Central PMCID:
821:
Sandri M, Sandri C, Gilbert A, Skurk C, Calabria E, et al. Foxo transcription factors induce the atrophy-related ubiquitin ligase atrogin-1 and cause skeletal muscle atrophy. Cell. 2004 Apr 30;117(3):399-412. PubMed PMID 15109499; PubMed
Central PMCID:
788:
Rock KL, Gramm C, Rothstein L, Clark K, Stein R, et al…Goldberg AL. Inhibitors of the proteasome block the degradation of most cell proteins and the generation of peptides presented on MHC class I molecules. Cell. 1994 Sep 9;78(5):761-71. PubMed PMID
2049:
Rock, K. L.; Gramm, C.; Rothstein, L.; Clark, K.; Stein, R.; Dick, L.; Hwang, D.; Goldberg, A. L. (1994). "Inhibitors of the proteasome block the degradation of most cell proteins and the generation of peptides presented on MHC class I molecules".
832:
VerPlank J, Lokireddy S, Zhao J, Goldberg AL. 26S Proteasomes are rapidly activated by diverse hormones and physiological states that raise cAMP and cause Rpn6 phosphorylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019. doi:10.1073/pnas.1809254116. PMID
828:
Lokireddy, S, Kukushkin, NV, and
Goldberg, AL. cAMP-induced phosphorylation of the 26S proteasome enhances its function and the degradation of misfolded proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2015 Dec 29; 112(52): E716-85. Doi 10.1073. PubMed PMID
388:. These studies defined for the first time many of the key features of intracellular protein degradation, especially its role in protein quality control in eliminating aggregation-prone proteins and its requirement for metabolic energy (ATP).
747:
Goldberg AL. Degradation of abnormal proteins in
Escherichia coli (protein breakdown-protein structure-mistranslation-amino acid analogs-puromycin). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1972 Feb;69(2):422-6. PubMed PMID 4551144; PubMed Central PMCID:
811:
Smith DM, Fraga H, Reis C, Kafri G, Goldberg AL. ATP binds to proteasomal ATPases in pairs with distinct functional effects, implying an ordered reaction cycle. Cell. 2011 Feb 18;144(4):526-38. PubMed PMID 21335235; PubMed
Central PMCID:
2848:
763:
Etlinger JD, Goldberg AL. A soluble ATP-dependent proteolytic system responsible for the degradation of abnormal proteins in reticulocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Jan;74(1):54-8. PubMed PMID 264694; PubMed
Central PMCID:
781:
Hwang BJ, Park WJ, Chung CH, Goldberg AL. Escherichia coli contains a soluble ATP-dependent protease (Ti) distinct from protease La. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Aug;84(16):5550-4. PubMed PMID 3303028; PubMed
Central PMCID:
2311:
Saric, T.; Chang, S. C.; Hattori, A.; York, I. A.; Markant, S.; Rock, K. L.; Tsujimoto, M.; Goldberg, A. L. (2002). "An IFN-gamma-induced aminopeptidase in the ER, ERAP1, trims precursors to MHC class I-presented peptides".
777:
Waxman L, Fagan JM, Goldberg AL. Demonstration of two distinct high molecular weight proteases in rabbit reticulocytes, one of which degrades ubiquitin conjugates. J Biol Chem. 1987 Feb 25;262(6):2451-7. PubMed PMID
767:
Chung CH, Goldberg AL. The product of the lon (capR) gene in
Escherichia coli is the ATP-dependent protease, protease La. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Aug;78(8):4931-5. PubMed PMID 6458037; PubMed Central PMCID:
2838:
818:
Lecker SH, Jagoe RT, Gilbert A, Gomes M, Baracos V, et al. Multiple types of skeletal muscle atrophy involve a common program of changes in gene expression. FASEB J. 2004 Jan;18(1):39-51. PubMed PMID 14718385.
2182:
Palombella, V. J.; Rando, O. J.; Goldberg, A. L.; Maniatis, T. (1994). "The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway is required for processing the NF-kappa B1 precursor protein and the activation of NF-kappa B".
2843:
792:
Palombella VJ, Rando OJ, Goldberg AL and
Maniatis T. The ubiquitin- proteasome pathway is required for processing the NFkB1 precursor protein and the activation of NF-kB. Cell 1994; 78: 773-785.
1644:
Arrigo, A. P.; Tanaka, K.; Goldberg, A. L.; Welch, W. J. (1988). "Identity of the 19S 'prosome' particle with the large multifunctional protease complex of mammalian cells (The proteasome)".
771:
Tanaka K, Waxman L and Goldberg AL. ATP serves two distinct roles in protein degradation in reticulocytes, one requiring and one independent of ubiquitin. J Cell Biol 1983; 96: 1580-1585.
507:) in further processing proteasome products so they fit into MHC Class 1 molecules. Most importantly, Goldberg’s efforts initiated the development by the company of proteasome inhibitor
751:
Prouty WF, Goldberg AL. Fate of abnormal proteins in E. coli accumulation in intracellular granules before catabolism. Nat New Biol. 1972 Nov 29;240(100):147-50. PubMed PMID 4565695.
785:
Gaczynska M, Rock KL, Goldberg AL. Gamma-interferon and expression of MHC genes regulate peptide hydrolysis by proteasomes. Nature. 1993 Sep 16;365(6443):264-7. PubMed PMID 8396732.
801:
Goldberg AL. Development of proteasome inhibitors as research tools and cancer drugs. J Cell Biol. 2012 Nov 12;199(4):583-8. PubMed PMID 23148232; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3494858.
795:
Goldberg AL, Gaczynska M, Grant E, Michalek M, Rock KL. Functions of the proteasome in antigen presentation. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1995;60:479-90. PubMed PMID 8824421.
404:
on these preparations uncovered the role of ubiquitination in marking such proteins for degradation. Simultaneously, Goldberg and coworkers discovered that protein degradation in
2853:
2863:
432:
Lon/La, ClpAP, HslUV). They went on to describe their novel mechanisms and induction in stressful states. In 1987, his laboratory and Rechsteiner’s described the much larger
774:
Goff SA and Goldberg AL. Production of abnormal proteins in E. coli stimulates transcription of lon and other heat-shock genes. Cell 1985; 41: 587-595. PubMed PMID 3886165.
825:
Cohen S, Nathan JA, Goldberg AL. Muscle wasting in disease: molecular mechanisms and promising therapies. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2015 Jan;14(1):58-74. PubMed PMID 25549588.
467:
inhibitors that block degradation in cells. In collaboration with a small biotech company (Myogenics/Proscript), which he founded, they introduced in 1994 the inhibitor,
356:
In the 1960s, when Goldberg began his research career, there was little interest in protein degradation. However, as a graduate student, Goldberg showed that the loss of
2858:
2703:
471:, which has been used in many thousands of publications and has enabled major advances in knowledge about the importance of protein degradation. In introducing these
815:
Mitch WE, Goldberg AL. Mechanisms of muscle wasting. The role of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. N Engl J Med. 1996 Dec 19;335(25):1897-905. PubMed PMID 8948566.
2833:
368:
occurred primarily through acceleration of protein degradation. As an Assistant Professor, he decided to focus on this neglected area, and his early studies in
754:
Goldberg AL, St John AC. Intracellular protein degradation in mammalian and bacterial cells: Part 2. Annu Rev Biochem. 1976;45:747-803. PubMed PMID 786161.
699:
757:
Goldberg AL and Dice JF. Intracellular protein degradation in mammalian and bacterial cells. Ann Rev Biochem 1974; 43: 835-869. PubMed PMID 4604628.
2823:
760:
Goldberg AL. Protein degradation and protection against misfolded or damaged proteins. Nature. 2003 Dec 18;426(6968):895-9. PubMed PMID 14685250.
523:. Over 600,000 patients have now been treated with proteasome inhibits, which have extended their life spans and improved their quality of life.
2260:
Gaczynska, M.; Rock, K. L.; Goldberg, A. L. (1993). "Gamma-interferon and expression of MHC genes regulate peptide hydrolysis by proteasomes".
579:
183:
1519:
Goff, S. A.; Goldberg, A. L. (1985). "Production of abnormal proteins in E. Coli stimulates transcription of lon and other heat shock genes".
1476:
Waxman, L.; Goldberg, A. L. (1986). "Selectivity of intracellular proteolysis: Protein substrates activate the ATP-dependent protease (La)".
804:
Coux O, Tanaka K, Goldberg AL. Structure and functions of the 20S and 26S proteasomes. Annu Rev Biochem. 1996;65:801-47. PubMed PMID 8811196.
2529:
Sandri, M.; Sandri, C.; Gilbert, A.; Skurk, C.; Calabria, E.; Picard, A.; Walsh, K.; Schiaffino, S.; Lecker, S. H.; Goldberg, A. L. (2004).
798:
Rock KL, Goldberg AL. Degradation of cell proteins and the generation of MHC class I-presented peptides. Annu Rev Immunol. 1999; 17: 739-79
1697:"The proteasome (Multicatalytic protease) is a component of the 1500-kDa proteolytic complex which degrades ubiquitin-conjugated proteins"
554:
triggering this atrophy program (FoxO3) and elucidated the mechanisms that disassemble the muscles’ contractile apparatus during atrophy.
1170:
Prouty, W. F.; Goldberg, A. L. (1972). "Fate of abnormal proteins in E. Coli accumulation in intracellular granules before catabolism".
1035:"Degradation of abnormal proteins in Escherichia coli (Protein breakdown-protein structure-mistranslation-amino acid analogs-puromycin)"
668:
337:
207:
2789:
1989:"CGMP via PKG activates 26S proteasomes and enhances degradation of proteins, including ones that cause neurodegenerative diseases"
1930:"26S Proteasomes are rapidly activated by diverse hormones and physiological states that raise cAMP and cause Rpn6 phosphorylation"
1564:"Demonstration of two distinct high molecular weight proteases in rabbit reticulocytes, one of which degrades ubiquitin conjugates"
2480:
Lecker, S. H.; Jagoe, R. T.; Gilbert, A.; Gomes, M.; Baracos, V.; Bailey, J.; Price, S. R.; Mitch, W. E.; Goldberg, A. L. (2004).
1871:"CAMP-induced phosphorylation of 26S proteasomes on Rpn6/PSMD11 enhances their activity and the degradation of misfolded proteins"
2828:
345:
215:
2621:
2578:
Cohen, S.; Nathan, J. A.; Goldberg, A. L. (2015). "Muscle wasting in disease: Molecular mechanisms and promising therapies".
651:
640:
600:
195:
135:
2771:
2225:
Rock, K. L.; Goldberg, A. L. (1999). "Degradation of cell proteins and the generation of MHC class I-presented peptides".
607:
994:"Protein turnover in skeletal muscle. II. Effects of denervation and cortisone on protein catabolism in skeletal muscle"
593:
586:
246:
in cells. Of wide impact have been his lab's demonstration that all cells contain a pathway for selectively eliminating
191:
187:
2722:"Universitat de Barcelona - UB bestows an honorary doctorate on scientists Mariano Barbacid and Alfred Lewis Goldberg"
1135:
Goldberg, A. L.; St John, A. C. (1976). "Intracellular protein degradation in mammalian and bacterial cells: Part 2".
2531:"Foxo Transcription Factors Induce the Atrophy-Related Ubiquitin Ligase Atrogin-1 and Cause Skeletal Muscle Atrophy"
2445:
Mitch, W. E.; Goldberg, A. L. (1996). "Mechanisms of muscle wasting. The role of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway".
1773:"Docking of the Proteasomal ATPases' C-termini in the 20S Proteasomes alpha Ring Opens the Gate for Substrate Entry"
727:
689:
664:
Symposium honoring Dr. Goldberg’s “Pioneering contributions to muscle metabolism”, Cachexia Society (Chicago, 2004)
1207:"A soluble ATP-dependent proteolytic system responsible for the degradation of abnormal proteins in reticulocytes"
2704:"Watson School of Biological Sciences celebrates 10th anniversary and confers Ph.D.s on its 6th graduating class"
734:
2685:
499:. His long collaboration with Ken Rock further elucidated this process, identified the unique properties of the
1822:"ATP binds to proteasomal ATPases in pairs with distinct functional effects implying an ordered reaction cycle"
658:
291:
55:
562:
From 1970, Goldberg was married to Joan Helpern Goldberg, a physician (hematologist). They had two children,
621:
547:
92:
954:
Goldberg, A. L.; Dice, J. F. (1974). "Intracellular protein degradation in mammalian and bacterial cells".
2357:"The ER aminopeptidase ERAP1 enhances or limits antigen presentation by trimming epitopes to 8-9 residues"
644:
433:
421:
329:
278:, and his introduction of proteasome inhibitors now widely used as research tools and in the treatment of
203:
2355:
York, I. A.; Chang, S. C.; Saric, T.; Keys, J. A.; Favreau, J. M.; Goldberg, A. L.; Rock, K. L. (2002).
1736:
Coux, O.; Tanaka, K.; Goldberg, A. L. (1996). "Structure and functions of the 20S and 26S proteasomes".
614:
336:
of Physiology in 1977 and since 1993 Professor of Cell Biology. He also held visiting professorships at
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551:
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Another area where the Goldberg lab has made major contributions concerns the cellular mechanisms of
516:
309:
271:
199:
1084:
Goldberg, A. L. (2003). "Protein degradation and protection against misfolded or damaged proteins".
1301:"The product of the lon (CapR) gene in Escherichia coli is the ATP-dependent protease, protease la"
720:
706:
634:
627:
Novartis-Drew University Award in Biochemical Science (with T. Maniatis & A. Varshavsky) (1998)
243:
103:
2667:
2482:"Multiple types of skeletal muscle atrophy involve a common program of changes in gene expression"
2603:
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2337:
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peptides presented on surface MHC Class 1 molecules, which is critical in immune defense against
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1360:"Escherichia coli contains a soluble ATP-dependent protease (Ti) distinct from protease la"
667:
Symposium on “Protein Modification and Degradation” honoring Dr. Goldberg’s 65th Birthday,
2753:
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457:
320:. After two years, he transferred to the Harvard Graduate School and in 1968 received his
300:
295:
1987:
VerPlank JJS; Tyrkalska, S. D.; Fleming, A.; Rubinsztein, D. C.; Goldberg, A. L. (2020).
2405:
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2004:
1945:
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of a common set of atrophy-related genes (atrogenes). They also identified the critical
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1300:
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1206:
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242:. His major discoveries have concerned the mechanisms and physiological importance of
2807:
2238:
1605:"Purification of two high molecular weight proteases from rabbit reticulocyte lysate"
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1277:
441:
373:
279:
275:
2607:
2515:
2390:
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2211:
2079:
937:
2406:"Effects of insulin, glucose, and amino acids on protein turnover in rat diaphragm"
2297:
1419:"Protease la from Escherichia coli hydrolyzes ATP and proteins in a linked fashion"
413:
305:
231:
155:
2646:
1771:
Smith, D. M.; Chang, S. C.; Park, S.; Finley, D.; Cheng, Y.; Goldberg, A. (2007).
1121:
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1681:
487:, is critical in activation of inflammatory responses, and is the source of most
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500:
437:
397:
361:
357:
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in Biochemical Sciences (where he did his honor’s research in the laboratory of
267:
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107:
1993:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
1934:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
1875:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
1837:
1423:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
1364:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
1305:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
1211:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
1039:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
17:
2160:
920:
895:
508:
476:
464:
325:
313:
235:
165:
2735:
2013:
1954:
1895:
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in immune tissues, and defined the roles of cellular peptidases (especially
409:
381:
333:
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2507:
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2333:
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2168:
2133:
2032:
1973:
1914:
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1806:
1325:
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for studies in the laboratory of HM Goodman. He then joined the faculty at
2498:
2481:
2466:
2431:
2289:
2203:
2115:
2071:
1757:
1722:
1673:
1630:
1589:
1540:
1505:
1462:
1403:
1344:
1285:
1191:
1070:
1051:
1019:
975:
2100:"Development of proteasome inhibitors as research tools and cancer drugs"
1250:
1231:
1156:
566:, a well-known jazz pianist, and Julie B. Goldberg, a software engineer.
429:
425:
405:
259:
1105:
695:
Leonardo da Vinci Lecture, San Raffaelle Med School, Milan, Italy (2002)
630:
Knobil Prize for Medical Research (Univ Texas School of Medicine, 2007)
535:
512:
492:
488:
393:
369:
365:
317:
1820:
Smith, D. M.; Fraga, H.; Reis, C.; Kafri, G.; Goldberg, A. L. (2011).
2281:
1665:
873:
531:
496:
417:
2591:
463:
Of major scientific and medical impact was his lab’s development of
1264:
Hershko, Avram; Ciechanover, Aaron (1998). "The Ubiquitin System".
2849:
Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
2373:
2356:
2325:
504:
468:
83:
1358:
Hwang, B. J.; Park, W. J.; Chung, C. H.; Goldberg, A. L. (1987).
448:
to distinguish it from the smaller particle, which he named the
401:
1928:
VerPlank JJS; Lokireddy, S.; Zhao, J.; Goldberg, A. L. (2019).
2790:"A $ 1 million pledge, a faculty position and a Passano award"
321:
87:
569:
Alfred L. Goldberg died on April 18, 2023, at the age of 80.
2839:
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
1869:
Lokireddy, S.; Kukushkin, N. V.; Goldberg, A. L. (2015).
2754:"Fred Goldberg | Warren Alpert Foundation Prize"
254:
in this process and of the enzyme systems catalyzing
230:(September 3, 1942 – April 18, 2023) was an American
2844:
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
179:
148:
131:
121:
113:
98:
75:
63:
41:
34:
1562:Waxman, L.; Fagan, J. M.; Goldberg, A. L. (1987).
647:(with J. Adams, K. Anderson, P. Richardson) (2012)
308:). He then spent a year as a Churchill Scholar at
2404:Fulks, R. M.; Li, J. B.; Goldberg, A. L. (1975).
542:), and subsequently showed that various types of
530:. His lab first identified factors that suppress
440:complex that degrades ubiquitinated proteins in
2736:"University honors biologist with Gabbay Award"
633:Gabbay Award for Biotechnology & Medicine (
606:Honorary DSc. Degree Watson School of Biology (
2147:"Alfred L. Goldberg: Probing the Proteasome".
1603:Hough, R.; Pratt, G.; Rechsteiner, M. (1987).
515:, which is used worldwide to treat the common
376:first demonstrated that cells rapidly degrade
27:American cell biologist-biochemist (1942–2023)
2772:"Ernest Beutler Lecture and Prize Recipients"
8:
2854:Members of the National Academy of Medicine
737:Univ. Texas Medical Center (Houston) (2019)
726:Cristofalo Prize Lecture, Aging Institute (
700:University of Massachusetts Medical School
294:, on September 3, 1942. He graduated from
31:
2554:
2497:
2421:
2372:
2123:
2022:
2012:
1963:
1953:
1904:
1894:
1845:
1796:
1712:
1620:
1579:
1452:
1442:
1393:
1383:
1334:
1324:
1240:
1230:
1205:Etlinger, J. D.; Goldberg, A. L. (1977).
1060:
1050:
1009:
919:
2859:Scientists from Providence, Rhode Island
2662:
2660:
2093:
2091:
2089:
2044:
2042:
650:Ernest Beutler Prize for Basic Science,
2864:Fellows of St John's College, Cambridge
2651:American Academy of Arts & Sciences
949:
947:
889:
887:
847:
685:-Montreal-Neurological Institute (1997)
580:American Academy of Arts & Sciences
316:, before becoming a medical student at
184:American Academy of Arts & Sciences
1695:Driscoll, J.; Goldberg, A. L. (1990).
1299:Chung, C. H.; Goldberg, A. L. (1981).
987:
985:
688:Bathsheva Rothchild Memorial Lecture,
2834:Alumni of the University of Cambridge
262:, his elucidating the mechanisms for
7:
1417:Waxman, L.; Goldberg, A. L. (1982).
657:Passano Prize for Medical Research (
250:, his discoveries about the role of
2447:The New England Journal of Medicine
2410:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
1750:10.1146/annurev.bi.65.070196.004101
1701:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
1609:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
1568:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
1149:10.1146/annurev.bi.45.070176.003531
998:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
968:10.1146/annurev.bi.43.070174.004155
669:Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
338:University of California (Berkeley)
208:University of California (Berkeley)
25:
2239:10.1146/annurev.immunol.17.1.739
1278:10.1146/annurev.biochem.67.1.425
538:) or enhance it (e.g., disuse,
2824:Harvard Medical School faculty
2580:Nature Reviews. Drug Discovery
652:American Society of Hematology
641:Warren Alpert Foundation Prize
601:American Physiological Society
196:American Physiological Society
136:Warren Alpert Foundation Prize
1:
2708:Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
2547:10.1016/s0092-8674(04)00400-3
2423:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)42013-9
2196:10.1016/s0092-8674(94)90482-0
2064:10.1016/s0092-8674(94)90462-6
1738:Annual Review of Biochemistry
1714:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)34041-4
1622:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)47564-3
1581:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)61525-X
1533:10.1016/s0092-8674(85)80031-3
1266:Annual Review of Biochemistry
1137:Annual Review of Biochemistry
1011:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)93117-0
956:Annual Review of Biochemistry
608:Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
1789:10.1016/j.molcel.2007.06.033
705:Severo Ochoa Prize Lecture,
681:Francis McNaughton Lecture,
594:National Academy of Sciences
587:National Academy of Medicine
346:St John's College, Cambridge
216:St John's College, Cambridge
192:National Academy of Sciences
188:National Academy of Medicine
2622:"Alfred L. "Fred" Goldberg"
2459:10.1056/NEJM199612193352507
2227:Annual Review of Immunology
2104:The Journal of Cell Biology
698:Fred Fay Memorial Lecture,
534:protein degradation (e.g.,
2880:
1838:10.1016/j.cell.2011.02.005
874:"Home | Goldberg Lab"
728:University of Pennsylvania
690:Israel Academy of Sciences
2161:10.1016/j.tcb.2016.09.003
921:10.1016/j.cub.2014.08.014
894:Goldberg, Alfred (2014).
878:agoldberg.med.harvard.edu
735:MD Anderson Cancer Center
221:
141:
102:mechanisms of controlled
2098:Goldberg, A. L. (2012).
1033:Goldberg, A. L. (1972).
992:Goldberg, A. L. (1969).
742:Influential publications
733:Benevuto Prize Lecture,
659:Johns Hopkins University
332:and rose to become full
292:Providence, Rhode Island
56:Providence, Rhode Island
2014:10.1073/pnas.2003277117
1955:10.1073/pnas.1809254116
1896:10.1073/pnas.1522332112
1498:10.1126/science.2938257
1444:10.1073/pnas.79.16.4883
1385:10.1073/pnas.84.16.5550
860:cellbio.hms.harvard.edu
622:University of Barcelona
558:Personal life and death
475:, they showed that the
456:activity, including by
416:involves a new type of
93:University of Cambridge
2829:Harvard College alumni
2149:Trends in Cell Biology
1326:10.1073/pnas.78.8.4931
1184:10.1038/newbio240147a0
645:Harvard Medical School
479:is the major site for
330:Harvard Medical School
204:Harvard Medical School
2499:10.1096/fj.03-0610com
2155:(11): 792–794. 2016.
2116:10.1083/jcb.201210077
1052:10.1073/pnas.69.2.422
712:Nobel Forum Lecture,
620:Honorary DSc. Degree
617:(Netherlands) (2011)
615:Maastricht University
613:Honorary DSc. Degree
290:Goldberg was born in
286:Early life and career
228:Alfred Lewis Goldberg
117:Joan Helpern Goldberg
2668:"Alfred L. Goldberg"
2647:"Alfred L. Goldberg"
1232:10.1073/pnas.74.1.54
719:Centennial Lecture,
714:Karolinska Institute
552:transcription factor
517:hematological cancer
344:(Paris) (1995), and
310:Cambridge University
272:antigen presentation
200:Cambridge University
166:Velcade (Bortezomib)
2274:1993Natur.365..264G
2005:2020PNAS..11714220V
1999:(25): 14220–14230.
1946:2019PNAS..116.4228V
1887:2015PNAS..112E7176L
1658:1988Natur.331..192A
1490:1986Sci...232..500W
1435:1982PNAS...79.4883W
1376:1987PNAS...84.5550H
1317:1981PNAS...78.4931C
1223:1977PNAS...74...54E
1106:10.1038/nature02263
1098:2003Natur.426..895G
912:2014CBio...24.R780G
721:Biochemical Society
707:New York University
635:Brandeis University
573:Professional honors
392:seminal studies of
312:, where he studied
244:protein degradation
104:protein degradation
2776:www.hematology.org
2724:. October 8, 2009.
1172:Nature New Biology
676:Prize Lectureships
444:. He named it the
378:misfolded proteins
248:misfolded proteins
240:Harvard University
80:Harvard University
36:Alfred L. Goldberg
2710:. April 30, 2009.
2672:www.nasonline.org
2653:. August 2, 2023.
2453:(25): 1897–2705.
2367:(12): 1177–1184.
2361:Nature Immunology
2320:(12): 1169–1176.
2314:Nature Immunology
2268:(6443): 264–267.
1940:(10): 4228–4237.
1652:(6152): 192–194.
1615:(17): 8303–8313.
1484:(4749): 500–503.
1429:(16): 4883–4887.
1370:(16): 5550–5554.
1092:(6968): 895–899.
1004:(12): 3223–3229.
906:(17): R780–R782.
896:"Alfred Goldberg"
856:"Alfred Goldberg"
683:McGill University
481:protein breakdown
386:protein synthesis
380:as arise through
256:protein breakdown
238:and professor at
225:
224:
143:Scientific career
52:September 3, 1942
16:(Redirected from
2871:
2798:
2797:
2786:
2780:
2779:
2768:
2762:
2761:
2758:warrenalpert.org
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2744:
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2282:10.1038/365264a0
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2026:
2016:
1984:
1978:
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1957:
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1881:(52): E7176-85.
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1800:
1768:
1762:
1761:
1733:
1727:
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1707:(9): 4789–4792.
1692:
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1666:10.1038/331192a0
1641:
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1624:
1600:
1594:
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1574:(6): 2451–2457.
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1311:(8): 4931–4935.
1296:
1290:
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1244:
1234:
1202:
1196:
1195:
1178:(100): 147–150.
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891:
882:
881:
870:
864:
863:
852:
723:, England (2006)
521:multiple myeloma
342:Institut Pasteur
266:and the role of
212:Institut Pasteur
161:Multiple myeloma
70:
51:
49:
32:
21:
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2702:
2701:
2697:
2686:"FAPS Awardees"
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2592:10.1038/nrd4467
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1981:
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1863:
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1134:
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1129:
1083:
1082:
1078:
1032:
1031:
1027:
991:
990:
983:
953:
952:
945:
900:Current Biology
893:
892:
885:
872:
871:
867:
854:
853:
849:
844:
744:
716:(Sweden) (2005)
678:
671:(Beijing, 2007)
575:
560:
540:cancer cachexia
458:protein kinases
354:
352:Research career
301:magna cum laude
296:Harvard College
288:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
175:
91:
76:Alma mater
68:
59:
53:
47:
45:
37:
28:
23:
22:
18:Alfred Goldberg
15:
12:
11:
5:
2877:
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2727:
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2695:
2677:
2656:
2638:
2613:
2570:
2541:(3): 399–412.
2521:
2472:
2437:
2416:(1): 290–298.
2396:
2347:
2303:
2252:
2217:
2190:(5): 773–785.
2174:
2139:
2110:(4): 583–588.
2085:
2058:(5): 761–771.
2038:
1979:
1920:
1861:
1832:(4): 526–538.
1812:
1783:(5): 731–744.
1777:Molecular Cell
1763:
1728:
1687:
1636:
1595:
1554:
1527:(2): 587–595.
1511:
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1045:(2): 422–426.
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625:
624:(Spain) (2014)
618:
611:
604:
599:Fellow of the
597:
592:Member of the
590:
585:Member of the
583:
578:Member of the
574:
571:
564:Aaron Goldberg
559:
556:
546:occur through
544:muscle wasting
528:muscle atrophy
454:26S proteasome
450:20S proteasome
446:26S proteasome
384:and errors in
353:
350:
287:
284:
264:muscle atrophy
232:cell biologist
223:
222:
219:
218:
181:
177:
176:
174:
173:
171:Muscle atrophy
168:
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150:
146:
145:
139:
138:
133:
129:
128:
126:Aaron Goldberg
123:
119:
118:
115:
111:
110:
100:
99:Known for
96:
95:
77:
73:
72:
71:(aged 80)
67:April 18, 2023
65:
61:
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54:
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2794:www.asbmb.org
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2486:FASEB Journal
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2326:10.1038/ni859
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548:transcription
545:
541:
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494:
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455:
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442:reticulocytes
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
408:, which lack
407:
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395:
389:
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374:reticulocytes
371:
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351:
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280:blood cancers
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276:immune system
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62:
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44:
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33:
30:
19:
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2730:
2716:
2707:
2698:
2689:
2680:
2671:
2650:
2641:
2629:. Retrieved
2625:
2616:
2586:(1): 58–74.
2583:
2579:
2573:
2538:
2534:
2524:
2492:(1): 39–51.
2489:
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1520:
1514:
1481:
1477:
1471:
1426:
1422:
1412:
1367:
1363:
1353:
1308:
1304:
1294:
1269:
1265:
1259:
1217:(1): 54–58.
1214:
1210:
1200:
1175:
1171:
1165:
1140:
1136:
1130:
1089:
1085:
1079:
1042:
1038:
1028:
1001:
997:
959:
955:
903:
899:
877:
868:
859:
850:
568:
561:
525:
462:
424:hydrolyzing
414:mitochondria
390:
355:
306:James Watson
299:
289:
227:
226:
180:Institutions
156:Cell biology
142:
69:(2023-04-18)
29:
2819:2023 deaths
2814:1942 births
2740:BrandeisNOW
2233:: 739–779.
1744:: 801–847.
1272:: 425–479.
1143:: 747–803.
962:: 835–869.
829:1522332112.
822:PMC3619734.
812:PMC3063399.
808:PMC2083707.
501:proteasomes
438:proteolytic
436:-dependent
428:complexes (
398:Ciechanover
362:denervation
358:muscle mass
268:proteasomes
252:proteasomes
108:proteasomes
2808:Categories
842:References
782:PMC298900.
768:PMC320299.
764:PMC393195.
748:PMC426471.
509:Bortezomib
483:in normal
477:proteasome
473:inhibitors
465:proteasome
402:Irwin Rose
326:Physiology
314:physiology
236:biochemist
106:utilizing
48:1942-09-03
2631:April 19,
1549:205925149
837:32513741.
833:30782827.
410:ubiquitin
382:mutations
334:Professor
2608:13957882
2600:25549588
2565:15109499
2516:11659799
2508:14718385
2391:21337369
2383:12436110
2342:21648629
2334:12436109
2247:10358773
2212:54245713
2169:27680754
2134:23148232
2080:22262916
2033:32513741
1974:30782827
1915:26669444
1856:21335235
1807:17803938
1114:14685250
938:20526006
930:25340212
789:8087844.
778:3029081.
730:) (2015)
610:) (2009)
430:protease
426:protease
406:bacteria
348:(2012).
340:(1976),
298:in 1963
260:bacteria
122:Children
2690:Default
2556:3619734
2467:8948566
2432:1141208
2298:4322260
2290:8396732
2270:Bibcode
2204:8087845
2125:3494858
2072:8087844
2024:7321992
2001:Bibcode
1965:6410790
1942:Bibcode
1906:4702992
1883:Bibcode
1847:3063399
1798:2083707
1758:8811196
1723:2180950
1674:3277060
1654:Bibcode
1631:3298229
1590:3029081
1541:3886165
1506:2938257
1486:Bibcode
1478:Science
1463:6214787
1431:Bibcode
1404:3303028
1372:Bibcode
1345:6458037
1313:Bibcode
1286:9759494
1219:Bibcode
1192:4565695
1094:Bibcode
1071:4551144
1020:5792658
976:4604628
908:Bibcode
661:, 2021)
637:, 2008)
536:insulin
513:Velcade
493:viruses
489:antigen
394:Hershko
370:E. coli
366:fasting
318:Harvard
274:to the
2626:Legacy
2606:
2598:
2563:
2553:
2514:
2506:
2465:
2430:
2389:
2381:
2340:
2332:
2296:
2288:
2262:Nature
2245:
2210:
2202:
2167:
2132:
2122:
2078:
2070:
2031:
2021:
1972:
1962:
1913:
1903:
1854:
1844:
1805:
1795:
1756:
1721:
1680:
1672:
1646:Nature
1629:
1588:
1547:
1539:
1504:
1461:
1454:346789
1451:
1402:
1395:298900
1392:
1343:
1336:320299
1333:
1284:
1251:264694
1249:
1242:393195
1239:
1190:
1157:786161
1155:
1122:395463
1120:
1112:
1086:Nature
1069:
1062:426471
1059:
1018:
974:
936:
928:
709:(2004)
702:(2003)
692:(1998)
654:(2015)
603:(2015)
596:(2015)
589:(2009)
582:(2005)
532:muscle
497:cancer
418:enzyme
412:, and
400:, and
149:Fields
132:Awards
114:Spouse
2604:S2CID
2512:S2CID
2387:S2CID
2338:S2CID
2294:S2CID
2208:S2CID
2076:S2CID
1682:97688
1678:S2CID
1545:S2CID
1118:S2CID
934:S2CID
505:ERAP1
485:cells
469:MG132
360:upon
2633:2023
2596:PMID
2561:PMID
2535:Cell
2504:PMID
2463:PMID
2428:PMID
2379:PMID
2330:PMID
2286:PMID
2243:PMID
2200:PMID
2184:Cell
2165:PMID
2130:PMID
2068:PMID
2052:Cell
2029:PMID
1970:PMID
1911:PMID
1852:PMID
1826:Cell
1803:PMID
1754:PMID
1719:PMID
1670:PMID
1627:PMID
1586:PMID
1537:PMID
1521:Cell
1502:PMID
1459:PMID
1400:PMID
1341:PMID
1282:PMID
1247:PMID
1188:PMID
1153:PMID
1110:PMID
1067:PMID
1016:PMID
972:PMID
926:PMID
495:and
372:and
64:Died
58:, US
42:Born
2588:doi
2551:PMC
2543:doi
2539:117
2494:doi
2455:doi
2451:335
2418:doi
2414:250
2369:doi
2322:doi
2278:doi
2266:365
2235:doi
2192:doi
2157:doi
2120:PMC
2112:doi
2108:199
2060:doi
2019:PMC
2009:doi
1997:117
1960:PMC
1950:doi
1938:116
1901:PMC
1891:doi
1879:112
1842:PMC
1834:doi
1830:144
1793:PMC
1785:doi
1746:doi
1709:doi
1705:265
1662:doi
1650:331
1617:doi
1613:262
1576:doi
1572:262
1529:doi
1494:doi
1482:232
1449:PMC
1439:doi
1390:PMC
1380:doi
1331:PMC
1321:doi
1274:doi
1237:PMC
1227:doi
1180:doi
1176:240
1145:doi
1102:doi
1090:426
1057:PMC
1047:doi
1006:doi
1002:244
964:doi
916:doi
434:ATP
422:ATP
364:or
324:in
322:PhD
270:in
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