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Alkhanov
Demchog (yidam Chakrasamvara), "Temple Gate" - a rock with an opening in the center through which pilgrims pass for healing, and "Naro Hazhod", a place of meditation for Buddhist clergy and others. The Buddhist sites on Mt. Alkhanay include paths and platforms for rites to be performed by daily visitors as well as larger ceremonies held at various times during the year by local Buddhist spiritual leaders.
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the focus today of
Buddhist pilgrims as they ascend the mountain pathway is one of peacefulness and healing. The park seeks to balance support for continued pilgrimage to the rock landforms and mineral springs, with conservation of nature and recreational tourism. Alkhanay NP is located in the Trans-Baikal (
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migratory fish found in the lower Amur, and are characterized by the species found on temperate streams with steep forest banks. There is only one endemic species of fish known in the ecoregion - the Bagrid catfish (Pseudobagrus herzensteini), a species reliably known in only the hilly streams of the
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As with most national parks in Russia, Alkhanay is divided into separate zones, providing protected areas for nature, areas of limited resources management, and recreational areas for tourists. The recreational areas feature well-developed trails to the landmarks for all ages and abilities. A fee
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Alkhanay is excellent habitat for birds, with grouse in the higher shrub areas, partridges in the edge zones, woodpeckers and nutcrackers in the middle forests, and finches in steppe habitats at the lower elevations. The abundance of small rodents attracts birds of prey, including nesting eagles,
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Mt. Alkhanai is one of the "Five Sacred Peaks" of
Northern Buddhism. A significant portion of the visitors to the park are pilgrims, particularly drawn to specific landmarks: mineral springs, rock landforms, and rock-lined mountain trails. Prominent are "Demchog Sume", home of the guardian deity
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has made two unofficial visits to
Alkhanay. The area takes its name from an old legend, in which a princess took refuge from her pursuers on the top of the mountain, defiantly shouting as they approached, "kill me!", which translates to "Alkhanai" in the local language. Despite the ancient name,
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The park's 37 streams form most of the catchment area of the Ilya river, a tributary of the Onon River. The freshwater ecoregion is
Temperate Upland River, in this case designated by the WWF as the “Shilka (Amur) Freshwater Ecoregion (WWF ID #619)”. The hilly streams of the Onon region lack the
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The landscapes of the park include forested mountains, steep canyons with streams and waterfalls, springs, and vistas of the vast undulating plains to the south. the tops of the mountains are mostly dome-shaped with bare rock in places. The rock landforms reflect the ancient remains of volcanoes
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There are three altitude zones of plants in
Alkhanay: the forest-steppe zone at the base of the mountains (900 m), a forest belt (ceder and pine, with some spruce and fir), and a sub-alpine level of mostly larch towards the peaks. At the higher levels, the Daurian larch is stunted, typically
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makes the winters so dry (typically with around 5 millimetres or 0.20 inches of rainfall equivalent per month) that snow cover is very limited. Summers are short and relatively cool. The characteristic habitat is temperate grassland, savanna, and shrubland. Mean temperatures range from
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reaching to only 2 meters, with a crown bent by the prevailing northwesterly winds. Other stunted growth at upper levels are the creeping cedar (heights to 50 cm); Sakhalin raspberries (7–10 cm), and
Siberian mountain ash (25–35 cm); in stonier places there is
335:. This region has been described as a “sea of grass that forms the best and most intact example of an undisturbed steppe ecosystem and is also one of the last areas in the Palearctic that still supports stable herds of larger vertebrates” in a semi-mountainous area.
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is charged at the entrance, and park employees are available as guides for tour groups and individuals. Accommodations are available at two different hostels (run by the park and the local district government, outside cabin rental, and campgrounds.
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There are 16 natural cultic sites in the park, reflecting the various groups that have dwelt in the area even before
Buddhism. There are ancient cave drawings, tiled graves from the 6th century BCE, various sites associated with
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and shamanistic traditions, two
Buddhist stupas (including one marking the landing spot of the helicopter than carried the Dalai Lama on a visit to the park in 1991). and the pilgrimage "path to the top of Mt. Alkhanai".
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The area provides a wide variety of plants with local medicinal and folk history. One study in 1996 identified 340 species of plants in the park, of which 180 had known uses in local folk practices, including
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326:−12.4 °F or −24.7 °C in January to 63.1 °F or 17.3 °C in July. Average annual precipitation is 14.1 inches or 358.1 millimetres.
282:. The Mt. Alkhanai massive (1,663 m) dominates the southern slope of the local mountain range (the Mogotuyskogo Range). The park streams feed the
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is a common ground cover. Tundra vegetation is absent, and steppe vegetation is mostly found at the base of Mt. Alkhanay and to the south.
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The area is one of steppe-forest on mountains of medium-height (1,000-1,200 meters). The park lies in the transitional zone between the
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harriers, owls, and vultures. In the wetlands there are many wading birds, including the
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213:) encompasses the area around Mt. Alkhanai, a central focus and sacred mountain to the
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by
Highway A167 to the town of Duldirga (250 km). The city of Chita is on the
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347:. There are known to be 18 species of fish in the lakes of the park.
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Kottek, M.; J. Grieser; C. Beck; B. Rudolf & F. Rubel (2006).
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695:"World Map of Koppen-Geiger Climate Classification Updated"
246:'s northern border. It is in the administrative region of
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to the north, and the Mongolian Steppe province of the
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people, who today are the largest indigenous group in
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221:. Mt. Alkanai has been adopted as sacred by later
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621:. Protected Areas of Russia. Archived from
445:"50 fundamental herbs" of Chinese herbology
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720:"Dataset - Koppen climate classifications"
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16:Nature reserve in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia
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605:"Official Site. Alkhanay National Park"
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644:"The Spirits of the Mountain Alkhania"
747:. World Wildlife Fund. Archived from
270:to the south. It is situated in the
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802:"Shilka (Amur) Freshwater Ecoregion"
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402:membranous (a type of milk vetch),
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745:"Daurian Forest Steppe Ecoregion"
537:Ritual narrow passage in the rock
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513:Buddhist stupas in Alkhanay park
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468:The park can be reached from
329:The ecoregion of Alkhanay is
316:Köppen climate classification
671:. TourRussia. Archived from
443:Baikal Skullcap, one of the
359:"Temple Gate" Rock formation
619:"Protected Area - Alkhanay"
501:At the entrance to the park
458:Rock formation, Alkhanay NP
211:Национальный парк «Алханай»
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225:, shamanistic people, and
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765:. Resolve, using WWF data
607:. Alhkanay National Park.
561:Protected areas of Russia
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1189:National parks of Russia
848:National parks of Russia
787:. Encyclopedia of Earth.
763:"Map of Ecoregions 2017"
669:"Alkhanay National Park"
568:, local indigenous group
549:View from Mount Alkhanay
1059:Sengileevskie Mountains
785:"Daurian forest steppe"
646:. Russia Life Magazine.
572:Chita, Zabaykalsky Krai
470:Chita, Zabaykalsky Krai
171:March 5, 1999
101:Chita, Zabaykalsky Krai
804:. World Wildlife Fund.
700:. Gebrüder Borntraeger
474:Trans-Siberian Railway
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203:Alkhanay National Park
52:Alkhanay National Park
22:Alkhanay National Park
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332:Daurian forest steppe
306:Climate and ecoregion
272:Duldurginsky District
1079:Smolenskoye Poozerye
1019:Pripyshminskiye Bory
1109:Udegeyskaya Legenda
954:Land of the Leopard
894:Chavash Varmane Bor
264:East Siberian taiga
195:http://npalania.ru/
183:Governing body
124: /
1004:Pleshcheyevo Ozero
994:Orlovskoye Polesye
989:Onezhskoye Pomorye
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128:50.833°N 113.417°E
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1099:Tokinsko-Stanovoy
431:Demoiselle Cranes
312:subarctic climate
310:The region has a
300:calcium carbonate
276:Agin-Buryat Okrug
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97:Nearest city
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1194:Sacred mountains
1184:IUCN Category II
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351:Pilgrimage sites
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248:Aginsky District
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186:FGBU "Alkhanaya"
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34:IUCN category
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1039:Saylyugemsky
1029:Russky Sever
1009:Pribaikalsky
974:Meshchyorsky
964:Mariy Chodra
863:
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767:. Retrieved
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749:the original
724:. Retrieved
722:. World Bank
714:
702:. Retrieved
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677:. Retrieved
673:the original
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623:the original
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238:) region of
236:East Siberia
202:
201:
1134:Zabaykalsky
1124:Vodlozersky
1014:Prielbrusye
939:Koygorodsky
525:Temple Gate
478:Vladivostok
388:ground pine
168:Established
159:; 534
131: /
107:Coordinates
1178:Categories
999:Paanajärvi
979:Nechkinsky
969:Meshchyora
929:Kislovodsk
924:Khvalynsky
914:Kenozersky
909:Kalevalsky
874:Bashkiriya
679:2015-12-13
629:2015-12-13
578:References
400:astragalus
288:Amur River
284:Onon River
258:Topography
231:Dalai Lama
175:1999-15-05
161:sq mi
1154:Zyuratkul
1149:Zov Tigra
1119:Valdaysky
1104:Tunkinsky
1054:Sebezhsky
396:Rose root
227:Buddhists
151:(341,584
1139:Zavidovo
1129:Yugyd Va
1049:Samursky
879:Beringia
869:Anyuysky
864:Alkhanay
555:See also
321:). The
244:Mongolia
149:hectares
147:138,234
119:113°25′E
87:Location
1144:Zigalga
1094:Taganay
1069:Shorsky
944:Kytalyk
919:Khibiny
859:Alaniya
566:Buryats
488:Gallery
464:Tourism
410:Animals
229:. The
223:Mongols
219:Siberia
215:Buryats
207:Russian
191:Website
173: (
116:50°50′N
27:Алханай
1084:Smolny
1034:Salair
899:Chikoy
377:Plants
370:Buyrat
240:Russia
1089:Sochi
934:Kodar
884:Bikin
698:(PDF)
153:acres
1114:Ugra
771:2019
728:2019
706:2019
343:and
341:Onon
144:Area
36:II (
319:Dwc
278:in
274:of
1180::
793:^
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652:^
586:^
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398:,
302:.
254:.
250:,
209::
157:km
840:e
833:t
826:v
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314:(
205:(
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40:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
