Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet - Knowledge (XXG)

231: 382:), each country performing final assembly and checkout of the type in separate facilities. Dassault hosted the largest of these three assembly lines, typically producing 13 aircraft per month to meet the needs of French and export customers. It was reportedly capable of a maximum output of 15 Alpha Jets per month. The Dornier final assembly line typically maintained a maximum rate of six aircraft per month. In contrast to the final assembly arrangements, none of the three sources duplicated the manufacture of any component: Dassault-Breguet produced the front and center fuselage, Dornier constructed the wing, tail and rear fuselage, while SABCA manufactured the nose and 871: 1126: 1012: 339: 2009: 1794: 1732: 311: 47: 559: 1983: 1570: 1833: 1906: 1604: 1423: 1860: 744: 477: 806:, air demonstration team of the French Air Force, fly the Alpha Jet. A total of 176 production Alpha Jet E machines were delivered up to 1985, not the 200 that had been planned. While an excellent aircraft, French air force commanders of combat units had one complaint against the Alpha Jet, that it was a very forgiving aircraft to fly, resulting in a lengthier and steeper learning curve when assigned to fly combat aircraft which were not so forgiving. 1262: 1956: 1805: 2400: 2388: 2376: 1357: 787: 1558: 1929: 1770: 1581: 1700: 1677: 1631: 1747: 1081:(IVM) signed a supply agreement with the Nigerian Air Force to produce components and various spare parts for the Alpha Jet. In 2015, Nigeria ordered four additional aircraft from the United States; these aircraft had been de-militarized and prepared for civilian operations, however Nigeria had reportedly returned two of these to an unspecified armed configuration by early 2016. 1883: 1654: 2354: 335:, at which the order for the four prototypes was placed. In November 1972, the project passed its first mock-up review. Dassault was designated as the 'pilot' company for the project and possessed final authority on design and management decisions. This approach to project management has been claimed to have been a mostly efficient manner of running the program. 1438: 2031: 1237:. The Egyptian Air Force Alpha Jets were based at As Salahiya airbase in 308 (Close Air Support) Tactical Wing with 57 Squadron and 58 Squadron. In 2015 the 308 CAS Tactical Wing moved with both squadrons to El Mansoura airbase for ground attack training. The Egyptian Air Force used the Alpha Jet MS1 fleet to replace the 1720: 664:, but France objected to the use of an American engine which would result in US export restrictions upon the overall aircraft and agreed to assume the cost of developing the French-built Larzac. During the 1980s, an upgraded model of the Larzac engine which increased the thrust by 10 per cent was developed. 652:

engines. It is a low bypass-ratio, twin-spool engine that uses modular construction methods. The Larzac was a new engine at the time, having only performed its first run a year prior to being selected to power the Alpha Jet. The need for greater thrust to power the aircraft than the original model of

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platform for the German requirement. This position was accepted by France. An initial point of contention whether to use a French or American powerplant for the aircraft was settled, with France agreeing to solely finance the development of the French-built Larzac engine while Germany agreed to adopt

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fleets, with five of these used for spares. The rest of the Luftwaffe's Alpha Jets were gradually phased out, the last leaving service in 1998, and customers were sought to buy them. In October 1995, the German military offered 42 Alpha Jets to Poland for 143 million PLN. In 1999, 25 Alpha Jets were

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This left the original requirement unfulfilled. As a result of this outcome, in 1967, France entered into a series of discussions with West Germany on the topic of a prospective collaboration effort to meet this demand. West Germany was keen to participate in such talks, having long held an interest

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Germany was keen to sell the retired Alpha Jets quickly since they were reported as costing around DM100,000 ($ 55,000) to keep in storage each month. Fairchild-Dornier received a US$ 43 million contract to refurbish a number of the aircraft and provide support to the end users. Apparently 32 more,

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in northeastern Nigeria while carrying out air support for Nigerian troops fighting against Boko Haram, both pilots were missing, presumed dead. A video was released claiming to show the jet being shot down, however the video was evidently doctored including previous clips from Syria. The Nigerian

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In 1980, work began on an "Alternate Close Support" version of the Alpha Jet, featuring a SAGEM ULISS 81 INS, a Thomson-CSF VE-110 HUD, a TMV630 laser rangefinder in a modified nose and a TRT AHV 9 radio altimeter, with all avionics linked through a digital databus. The initial flight was in April

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graphite-epoxy wing and improved versions of the Larzac engine. Prototype 01 was specifically used early on to support the development of the Larzac engine. The different avionics fit makes French and German Alpha Jets relatively easy to visually distinguish the two, with French planes featuring a

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In 1992, six Nigerian Alpha Jets were placed directly under ECOMOG command, and employed against the NPLF in an extensive campaign of air strikes, road interdictions missions, anti-shipping sorties, and night raids (a task which the Alpha Jet was not normally equipped to perform). They were even

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At one point, both the German government and the German Air Force had been keen to relocate pilot training activities from the United States to France as part of the project. In 1971, this was abandoned over fears of a hostile US reaction and West Germany's offset obligations to the United States

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On 18 July 2021, in a rare occurrence of a military jet downed by a criminal organization, an Alpha jet was shot down after conducting an interdiction mission on the border of the states of Zamfara and Kaduna against criminal gangs. The military blamed intense fire from armed gangs for the shoot

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Three groups of manufacturers produced proposals in response to the requirement. These were Dassault, Breguet and Dornier submitted the "TA501", which had been developed through a merger of the Breguet 126 and Dornier P.375 concepts. VFW-Fokker submitted their "VFT-291" aircraft, while SNIAS/MBB

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fighter. In 1982, it was claimed that the Alpha Jet NGEA was the "only existing aircraft in its category featuring a completely integrated digital navigation and attack system". While no new-build aircraft were produced of this variant, existing Egyptian Alpha Jets were reportedly upgraded to a

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The restored Alpha Jet force has been routinely employed in combat air patrols, and has conducted multiple air strikes against Boko Haram militants over a number of years. In September 2014, multiple Alpha Jets conducted a large number of aerial bombardment missions over and around the area of

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program, which involved installing a fully digital cockpit, modernised communications suite, and a full navigation/attack and sensor training system. It was ultimately abandoned as being too expensive. In 1998, France's defence ministry examined prospective upgrades focused on the Alpha Jet's

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In 1968, a joint specification was produced out of these talks. One substantial change to the requirements was that the sought trainer was now specified to be subsonic, supersonic trainer aircraft having proven to be superfluous to practical requirements. In July 1969, a joint development and

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military cutbacks, Germany elected to retire its own fleet of Alpha Jets in the 1990s and has re-sold many of these aircraft to both military and civilian operators. The Alpha Jet has been adopted by a number of air forces across the world and has also seen active combat use by some of these

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employed to deny access to key bridges in order to give ECOMOG ground forces time to capture them before they were sabotaged. In total, Alpha Jets flew approximately 3,000 combat missions in support of ECOMOG, sustaining no losses but incurring some damage from anti-aircraft artillery.

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in conducting joint training operations with France along with a desire for strengthening positive political relations between the two nations. France also valued military cooperation with West Germany, wanting to break a perceived German ideological preference for American aircraft.

519:(HUDs) to allow instructors to view what students are viewing, with the aim of being more suited for the sophisticated requirements of modern and impending fighter aircraft. Dornier judged the Alpha Jet's airframe to have been suitable without modification for future market needs. 1390:

Several other nations also obtained the Alpha Jet E, including the Ivory Coast (seven aircraft), Morocco (24), Nigeria (24), Qatar (six) and Togo (five). All of these machines were from French production except for the 24 Nigerian aircraft, which were from German production.

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In June 2003, Dassault revealed its plans for an Alpha Jet upgrade to potentially meet the French Air Force's long term training requirements. This upgrade was similar to that which was performed for the Belgian Air Force's Alpha Jet fleet, involving the installation of a

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making such a move unpalatable. While the joint Franco-German training proposal was abandoned, the German government felt obligated to proceed with the aircraft program. At the time, Germany did not require a new trainer aircraft, but needed a replacement for its fleet of

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for greater comfort during training. The Alpha Jet is designed to accommodate ten-minute turn around times with minimal ground equipment, using features such as pressurised single-point refueling, ladder-less entry/exit of the cockpit, and a ten-hour endurance of the

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On 4 November 1977, the first production aircraft made its first flight. In September 1978, deliveries of production Alpha Jets began. The four prototypes remained in service as flying testbeds, being used for further development of the type such as to evaluate a

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of Germany. It was developed specifically to perform trainer and light attack missions, as well as to perform these duties more ideally than the first generation of jet trainers that preceded it. Following a competition, a design submitted by a team comprising

1619:– 30 Alpha Jet A (former Luftwaffe and Qinetic Aircraft) based in Montreal. With 19 operating as airborne training assets under contract to the Canadian Forces and Bundeswehr. Including use as an electronic warfare platform in cooperation with Engility and 926:

databus, new sensors integrated with the navigation/attack systems, modernized electronic countermeasures suite, measures to minimize the aircraft's radar and infrared signatures, protection measures around the fuel system, and new armaments such as the

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claimed that France was interested in procuring 35 M-346s in this capacity. In April 2015, the DGA issued an initial pre-solicitation request for a replacement trainer aircraft. Likely candidates for this requirement reportedly include the M-346 Master,

3570: 1145:. Deliveries took place between 1978 and 1980. By April 1981, the Belgian Air Force had reportedly accumulated 10,000 flight hours on their 33 Alpha Jets during training operations. The introduction of the Alpha Jet led to the retirement of Belgium's 894:

decided to use the Alpha Jet mainly in the light strike role, preferring to continue flight training in the southwestern United States on American trainer types instead of performing training in Germany, although Germany also used Alpha Jets based at

1502:(Advanced Training System): A version fitted with multi-functional controls and a glass cockpit that will train pilots in the use of navigation and attack systems of the latest and future generation fighter aircraft. This version was also called the 1276:

offers full support services for the Alpha Jet in cooperation with Dassault Aviation; services provided includes recommissioning, servicing, inspections, system upgrades integration work, along with technical and logistic support. Abbatare Inc. of

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In the early 1960s, European air forces began to consider their requirements for the coming decades. One such area of consideration was the requirement for a new generation of jet-powered trainer aircraft to replace such aircraft as the US-built

331:, France. That same month, a join Franco-German protocol was signed, launching the construction of four prototypes. In February 1972, the approval to proceed with full development was issued. In May 1972, the first project meeting was held in 410:

to market the Alpha Jet in the US market. The arrangement included provisions for Lockheed to manufacture the Alpha Jet under license. It was considered as a candidate for the US Navy's VTXTS advanced trainer program, eventually won by the

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Two prototypes were to be built by Dassault in France, Dassault having bought out Breguet in the meantime, and a further two were to be built by Dornier in Germany. In October 1973, the first French prototype performed its first flight at

610:. Beyond performing different roles, the Alpha Jet fleets of France and Germany noticeably differed in their specification and equipment. German aircraft were fitted with a more extensive weapon-aiming system, a different fuel system, a 1210:, which were to a standard trainer configuration. Four complete aircraft were directly supplied from Dassault's facility in France, while the remaining 26 of the order were domestically assembled in Egypt using knockdown kits by AOI. 1068:

In 2013, Nigeria began taking steps to bring its Alpha Jet fleet back into service, upgrading 13 of the original 24 into serviceable condition, due to an urgent need for strike aircraft to participate in air support missions for

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production agreement was signed between West Germany and France. Under the terms of this agreement, the two nations committed to purchasing 200 aircraft, these being domestically assembled in each of their own countries.

630:. The majority of the specialised equipment used on the ground attack-orientated variant of the Alpha Jet was provided by German firms. In addition to the ground attack role, the Luftwaffe employed the Alpha Jet in the 1292:

and Alpha Jets as adversary aircraft in air combat training exercises; these are often operated under contract for various military clients. Multiple civil aerial display teams have procured Alpha Jets, such as the

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of maintenance for every flight hour. Nearly 5,000lb of munitions and equipment can be carried on five hardpoints, four on the wings and one at the centerline on the lower fuselage. In an armed configuration, a

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Both Belgium and Egypt, who were early export customers for the Alpha Jet, domestically performed the final assembly of their French-configuration Alpha Jet E aircraft. In September 1978, Dassault and the

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On 23 July 1970, the Breguet-Dassault-Dornier TA501 was declared the winner of the competition. In February 1971, the project definition phase was completed and the integrated design team was set up at

1372:. The two types, being relatively similar in role and specifications, ended up competing for many of the same contracts. This competition led to an aviation commentator stating of the two aircraft: 3471: 755:

decided to use the Alpha Jet primarily as a trainer. On 4 November 1977, the first production Alpha Jet intended for French service conducted its first flight. The French variant was known as the

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In June 1985, Dornier announced that it was studying its own third generation Alpha Jet upgrade program, independent of Dassault. This proposed upgrade involved substantial avionics upgrades and

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similar standard. A single prototype was flown, presumably a modification of one of the original Alpha Jet prototypes. In September 1982, this aircraft made its first public appearance at the

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1982. Cameroon obtained seven, some sources claim 6, and Egypt obtained 15. As with the original Egyptian order for MS1 machines, Dassault provided four such machines under the designation of

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of who they claimed was a captured Nigerian Air Force pilot of a downed Alpha Jet. In March 2016, attacks performed by Nigerian Alpha Jets had reportedly dislodged Boko Haram fighters from

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The Alpha Jet was designed to perform a diverse range of roles. The principal users of the type, Germany and France, operated their Alpha Jets in different capacities, the German as a

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in the front cockpit and a HUD repeater in the rear, a video recorder and other more minor improvements. In 2000, the initial Alpha Jet 1B+ was re-delivered to the Belgian Air Force.

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engines. The German Air Force insisted that the trainer have two engines after having suffered from severe aircraft attrition rates due to the high accident rate of the single-engine

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aircraft. The initial deliveries to France for service trials took place in 1978, lead to the type being introduced to line service in May 1979. The Alpha Jet E quickly replaced the

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The avionics of the original version of the Alpha Jet were of an austere nature, partly to make it a simple and easily exportable aircraft. The basic type lacked features such as an

5752: 3081: 3662: 371:, the third prototype was fitted with the French trainer equipment fit and the fourth with the German close air support equipment. The prototypes were equipped with recording and 970:

In 1992, the Luftwaffe began to phase out their Alpha Jet A aircraft, reserving 45 for lead-in fighter training. In 1993, a total of 50 were passed on to Portugal to replace the

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On 13 September 1973, the Belgian defence minister announced that 33 Alpha Jets had been ordered in two batches of 16 and 17 aircraft. These aircraft were given the designation

4074: 2518: 899:, Portugal for weapons training. On 12 April 1978, the first production German Alpha Jet performed its maiden flight, deliveries commenced in March 1979. It was designated the 3311: 3154: 1281:, under the name of "Alpha Jets USA", has imported a number of Alpha Jets into the United States, the firm modifies and sells individual aircraft in the civilian market. 4110: 3104: 419:. Proposed modifications included undercarriage changes for nose-tow catapults and a stronger arrestor hook, as well as various US-sourced avionics and other equipment. 1113:

Air Force attributed the crash to an accident, pending further investigation. However the video showed Boko Haram fighters at the crash site and remains of the pilots.

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or "New Generation Attack/Training") was a proposed development of the Alpha Jet. It featured the basic avionics of the MS2 plus compatibility with the advanced French

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procured the Alpha Jet in large numbers, the former principally as a trainer aircraft and the latter choosing to use it as a light attack platform. As a result of post-

3036: 3333: 5627: 5772: 4019: 508:(FLIR) imager, a laser targeting system and a modern countermeasures suite. A prototype was flown, again presumably an upgrade of an original Alpha Jet prototype. 4529: 3519: 1249:

in the ground-attack role. In February 2000, Egypt was reportedly seeking to replace their Alpha Jet fleet, and was investigating several options, including the

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of the aircraft. A total of 4,500 people were employed in the manufacturing of the Alpha Jet in Germany, an equal number in France also worked on the programme.

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role. The firms stated that the Alpha Jet was smaller, faster, less vulnerable, more maneuverable, cheaper and had higher all-round performance than the A-10.

5747: 1198:(AOI) signed a license manufacturing agreement for the Alpha Jet; at the time, it was projected that up to 160 Alpha Jets would be domestically produced in 1093:, during the fight to regain the city following the withdrawal of friendly ground forces. In early October 2014, Boko Haram released a video containing the 4576: 464:

2 AAMs and the more powerful Larzac 04-C20 turbofans refitted to Luftwaffe Alpha Jet A aircraft. Some of the aircraft's new avionics were derived from the

5620: 4984: 3974: 3463: 3636: 3058: 3542: 263:, whose two-seat variants were used for operational conversion to the type. As such, the Jaguar was not well suited for the general training mission. 838: 5277: 3885: 3835: 3277: 3255: 3209: 3187: 2957: 2922: 2900: 2875: 2848: 2826: 2804: 2769: 2736: 2701: 230: 3403: 931:. In 1988, it was announced that the ICE program has been cancelled. A more austere upgrade program did proceed in its place, which integrated the 1195: 391: 3683: 3496: 4040: 3614: 984: 700: 492:, at one point given the title of "Lancier". This proposal was intended to perform all-weather ground attack operations, as well as to perform 375:

equipment packages, allowing for instrumentation readings and other useful data to be received on the ground in real time during test flights.

3592: 5767: 4513: 3705: 4236: 5680: 3404:"ECOMOG Air Operations During The Liberian Civil War. An Official Overview of the Early Phases; 1,000 Sorties Flown October 1992-July 1993" 1048: 367:. The remaining two prototypes were in the air before the end of 1974. The first and second prototypes were used to explore the aircraft's 259:, proved to be an excellent aircraft, but its definition had changed in the interim, and the type emerged as a full-sized, nuclear-capable 3929: 3078: 1368:

Considerable foreign sales were expected for the Alpha Jet, with the type becoming available before its main rival, the United Kingdom's

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The Alpha Jet is a light twin-engine aircraft equipped with an intentionally simple airframe despite the performance delivered. Both the

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and navigation computer upgrades, along with several minor airframe and equipment refinements, such as the addition of a jettisonable

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to give it compatibility with the upcoming next generation of carrier fighter aircraft. Carrier adaptions included the addition of an

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Germany proposed that the aircraft be built in two distinct versions, as an inexpensive trainer for the French requirement, and as a

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In September 1988, Dassault revealed that it had proposed a navalised variant of the Alpha Jet, as a carrier-based trainer to the

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and other avionics systems. The Luftwaffe's Alpha Jets were equipped with additional avionics for the attack role, such as a

412: 3033: 504:, it was to be equipped with twin cockpit multifunction displays (MFDs) and potential carriage of AGAVE or Anemone radar, a 3719: 3380: 3330: 1179:

The Alpha Jet was phased out in 2019. The next year 25 airframes and several spare parts were sold to the Canadian company

1078: 1052: 842: 338: 247:. Britain and France established a collaborative program to pursue development of what was initially intended to become a 5562: 5557: 5552: 4016: 1325:

in Mountain View, California. It is reportedly equipped with scientific instrumentation and used for research purposes.

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5.5 m/s (1,080 ft/min) on one engine at sea level at 4,782 kg (10,543 lb) in landing configuration

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2,940 km (1,830 mi, 1,590 nmi) with 2x 310 L (82 US gal; 68 imp gal) droptanks

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with a further 500 kg (1,102 lb) in 2x 310 L (82 US gal; 68 imp gal) drop tanks

999:, though details are unclear. Several were also sold to private owners, such as those used by the Austrian-based 5742: 4970: 4843: 1996: 631: 5547: 5542: 4818: 3996: 3951: 1918: 1689: 1395: 1333: 1044: 505: 4670: 3971: 378:

Manufacture of Alpha Jet sub-assemblies was divided between France (Dassault), Germany (Dornier) and Belgium (

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1,095 km (680 mi; 591 nmi) hi-lo-hi profile, gun pod, underwing weapons and two drop tanks

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jet aircraft. This aircraft was to be produced in two distinct variants for different roles: trainer and

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610 km (380 mi, 330 nmi) lo-lo-lo profile, gun pod, underwing weapons and two drop tanks

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During the late 1990s and 2000s, SABCA performed a number of upgrades on the Belgian aircraft to the

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variant. The Luftwaffe obtained a total of 175 aircraft up to 1983, the type was used to replace the

831: 802: 792: 661: 591: 493: 465: 416: 407: 315: 123: 5394: 5342: 1472:: Development of the Alpha Jet E optimized for ground attack. This version was originally named the 5444: 5434: 5429: 5424: 5414: 5399: 5045: 4949: 4919: 4864: 4803: 4798: 4793: 4736: 4665: 4650: 4645: 4625: 1289: 1238: 1165: 971: 672: 470: 395: 5389: 5384: 5174: 5149: 5108: 4373:, Vol. 26, No. 6, June 1984, pp. 269–276, 312–313. Bromley, UK: Fine Scroll. ISSN 0306-5634. 4212: 4191: 1492:: Improved version with new avionics, an uprated engine, Magic Air-to-Air missiles, and a Lancier 1422: 1184: 710:

The Alpha Jet was more complex than competing second generation trainer aircraft, requiring seven

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attack controller training and anti-surface training (simulating sea-skimming missiles) for the

730:, as installed on German aircraft, would typically be installed upon the centerline hard point. 3926: 922:(ICE) program, for their Alpha Jet fleet; these upgrades were to involve the installation of a 743: 538:, it was promoted as having been fully navalised and fitted with the avionics intended for the 476: 5757: 5587: 4771: 4756: 4751: 4701: 4691: 4585: 4509: 4482: 4474: 4471:, Vol. 46, No. 3, March 1994, pp. 128–131. Stamford, UK: Key Publishing. ISSN 0306-5634. 4467: 4455: 4440: 4415: 4388: 4369: 4357: 4296: 4291: 4271: 2286:

5 with a capacity of 2,500 kg (5,512 lb), with provisions to carry combinations of:

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Autonomy Or Power?: The Franco-German Relationship and Europe's Strategic Choices, 1955-1995

2307: 2213:(internal fuel only) 2 hours 30 minutes at low altitude; 3 hours 30 minutes at high altitude 1895: 1852:

Alpha Jet A) provided by Top Aces. Operated in support of Australian Defence Force training.

1817: 1521: 1441: 1430: 1369: 1250: 1154: 988: 932: 891: 846: 752: 481: 360: 209: 194: 5582: 5507: 5502: 5216: 5206: 5191: 5129: 5078: 4884: 4828: 4813: 4731: 4675: 4023: 4000: 3978: 3955: 3933: 3911: 3889: 3862: 3839: 3720:"Blast in video of purported shootdown of Nigerian military plane is fake, analysis shows" 3666: 3643: 3621: 3599: 3546: 3523: 3500: 3438: 3384: 3359: 3337: 3315: 3281: 3259: 3213: 3191: 3108: 3085: 3062: 3040: 2961: 2926: 2904: 2879: 2852: 2830: 2808: 2773: 2740: 2705: 2522: 2436: 2424: 2359: 2315: 1975:

aircraft - retired 31 January 2018. Of these 12, only 6 flew. Whole fleet sold to Top Aces

1643: 1407: 1337: 1234: 1173: 928: 896: 879: 827: 815: 764: 516: 368: 348: 174: 65: 691:. During the 1970s, Dornier claimed that the Alpha Jet outperformed aircraft used as the 586:

systems and load-factor limited dynamic feel system arrangement attached to conventional

3229: 1875:(Alpha Jet E) – 33 acquired in 1978, phased out 2019. Last remaining 25 sold to Top Aces 1380:

and Dassault-Breguet/Dornier Alpha Jet battling against each other in the world market.

1217:, were ordered. The Alpha Jet MS2 bore high levels of similarity to Dassault's proposed 5675: 5599: 5532: 5522: 5449: 5439: 5419: 5409: 5404: 5377: 5372: 5367: 5362: 5352: 5347: 5337: 5332: 5327: 5134: 4962: 2476: 2471: 2412: 1961: 1266: 1245:

in the trainer role, while the later-built MS2 standard aircraft served to replace the

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obtained 12 as chase aircraft and flight test platforms due to a shortage in available

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submitted the "E.650 Eurotrainer". Each of these proposals were to be powered by twin

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agreement for the Alpha Jet. Egyptian assembly work was carried out in a facility in

356: 3637:"VIDEO: Boko Haram terrorists behead Nigerian Airforce Pilot (Viewer's discretion)." 5264: 5184: 5179: 5169: 5159: 5154: 5144: 5124: 5098: 2466: 2327: 2273: 1715:(Alpha Jet E) – 24 acquired. 4 upgraded in 2011, 9 more reactivated. 11 in service. 1620: 1557: 1314: 1149:

fleet; changes to the training syllabus included the adoption of a new discipline,

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the engine could generate led to the development and adoption of the 2,970 lb

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roles; for the latter purpose, a reconnaissance pod could be fitted upon the port

3775: 5537: 5527: 3734:"Nigerian Airforce say no be Boko Haram shoot down Alpha Jet aircraft wey crash" 3377: 2461: 2277: 1911: 1310: 1226: 1206:. Shortly thereafter, Egypt placed an initial order for 30 aircraft, designated 1109: 1102: 1090: 720: 461: 406:. In July 1978, Dassault signed an agreement with American aircraft manufacture 324: 181: 657:

in February 1972. This version of the engine initially powered the Alpha Jet.

3464:"Photo Newsreel: Nigerian Air Force Reinduct 9 Alpha Jets and a C130 Hercules" 2451: 2403: 2391: 2379: 2349: 2311: 1306: 1074: 611: 583: 497: 248: 4300: 4275: 1117:

down. The pilot ejected and returned to an Army base, after evading capture.

4041:"Google execs saved millions on private jet flights using cheaper NASA fuel" 3733: 3431: 2380:

Red Bull Alpha Jet performing an aerial display over Athens, Greece, in 2013

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teams. H211, a private company which manages the planes owned and leased by

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On 31 March 2021, a Nigerian Air Force Alpha jet (NAF475) went missing near

975: 688: 668: 639: 579: 372: 352: 276: 197:, Dassault Aviation, and Dornier Flugzeugwerke, initially designated as the 1398:

received 24 Alpha Jets which were organized into a training squadron and a

1437: 3432:"Waging War to Keep the Peace: The ECOMOG Intervention and Human Rights." 2446: 2133: 1934: 1845: 1775: 1616: 1586: 1285: 1180: 946: 711: 649: 332: 295: 213: 115: 17: 4508:] (in French). Vol. 2: le règne du monoplan. Le Vigen, France. 1376:

What Europe must avoid is the kind of wasteful competition that has the

4548: 4354:

Building Peace in West Africa: Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Guinea-Bissau

3817:"Ali Kachalla: Unveiling the Zamfara terror kingpin who downed NAF jet" 2157:

167 km/h (104 mph, 90 kn) (flaps and undercarriage down)

1968: 1888: 1865: 1705: 1682: 1573:

Map with operators of the Alpha Jet in blue and former operators in red

1562: 1164:

configuration; improvements made included the addition of a laser-gyro

1036: 939: 883: 841:(DGA) and French Air Force officials were reportedly investigating the 826:, increasing cockpit compatibility with frontline aircraft such as the 716: 364: 4244: 2168:

216 km/h (134 mph; 117 kn) (flaps and undercarriage up)

1727:

Alpha Jet with commemorative livery of 103 Squadron's 50th anniversary

4400: 2456: 1659: 1609: 1403: 1360:

Royal Thai Air Force Alpha Jet A during Children's Day 2007 in Wing6

1302: 1199: 1141:, the assembly work being performed by Belgian aircraft manufacturer 918:

In 1985, Germany began a comprehensive upgrade program, known as the

727: 399: 342:

A Dassault Alpha Jet E demonstrator F-ZJRM in Emmen Switzerland, 1986

4554: 4452:

The Soldier-Citizen: The Politics of the Polish Army after Communism

3993: 3948: 3684:"Nigerian air force alpha jet lost during counter terror operations" 3660:"NAF Alpha jets dislodge Boko Haram terrorists from Sambisa forest." 1646:(Alpha Jet MS2 and E) – 14 MS2 and 40 E (MS1), All upgraded to (MS2) 1003:

flight demonstration team, which flies a range of classic aircraft.

967:-based operation to protect Turkey against potential Iraqi attacks. 2392:

Extensive footage of German Alpha Jet operations in the early 1990s

1328:

Commencing in the third quarter of 2017, Air Affairs Australia and

2324: 2007: 1792: 1752: 1730: 1718: 1636: 1568: 1556: 1436: 1421: 1355: 1260: 1222: 1203: 1142: 1124: 1010: 979:

sold to Thailand at 1 million baht ($ 27,000) each, replacing the

869: 785: 742: 676: 615: 557: 475: 428:

rounded-off nose and German ones featuring a sharp, pointed nose.

403: 379: 337: 328: 309: 229: 4380:. Paris: Editions Larivière, 1977. DOCAVIA vol. 6. OCLC 440863702 2050:

Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1982-83, and Flight International

2297: 2293: 1810: 1318: 1273: 1061:

to have given ECOMOG forces a decisive advantage in fire power.

964: 679:. Later upgrade programs typically focused on the addition of a 5616: 4966: 4558: 3494:"Nigeria's first car maker takes to the skies in fighter jets." 1719: 3780: 1213:

During the early 1980s, an additional 15 aircraft, designated

1169: 809:

During the early 1990s, the French Air Force investigated the

3706:"Nigerian Air Force says missing Alpha Jet was not shot down" 3517:"Local firm produces spare parts for NAF fighter Pharmacist." 3079:"France to evaluate M-345 as possible Alpha Jet replacement." 1385:

John W. R. Taylor, Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1975–1976

796:

flight display team flying in formation during Air Fete '88

355:. In January 1974, the first German prototype conducted its 2336:

Two 310 L (82 US gal; 68 imp gal)

2276:

cannon in centreline gun pack with 150 rounds or one 30 mm

1051:'s HQ, rebel convoys and shipping, and gun emplacements at 949:, 18 German Alpha Jets were deployed to Turkey alongside 6 574:

shape of the aircraft, which was developed with the aid of

201:, was selected and subsequently produced as the Alpha Jet. 4187: 4071:"Air Affairs to provide three Alpha Jets for ADF training" 3803:"Nigerian Air Force lose another Alpha Jet, pilot rescued" 1406:. Alpha Jets were employed in strike missions against the 1033:

Economic Community of West African States Monitoring Group

234:

An early Alpha Jet presented in a company marketing photo.

1414:, one of their number being shot down in December, 1985. 3593:"Air Force refits training aircraft for combat mission." 2824:"New-generation trainer/attack Alpha Jet flight-tested." 2151:

1,000 km/h (620 mph, 540 kn) at sea level

1466:: Trainer version originally used by France and Belgium. 480:

A pair of Dassault-Dornier Alpha Jet A from the extinct

3776:"Nigeria fighter plane shot down by bandits - military" 3615:"Nigeria military aircraft bombing Boko Haram missing." 3151:"UNVEILED THE FIRST PILATUS PC-21 FOR FRENCH AIR FORCE" 4427:"Alpha Jet: The co-operative trainer/attack aircraft." 2980:, McGraw-Hill, 1982. Volume 116, Issues 22-26, p. 115. 1043:(NPFL) following an international intervention in the 3972:"Supersonic aggressors for hire [CAN2015D2]." 3029: 3027: 660:

Germany was interested in powering the type with the

582:. Fully powered controls are used, comprising a dual- 3563:"Nigerian Air Force receiving additional Alpha Jets" 2694: 2692: 2690: 2688: 2686: 2684: 2237:

9,145 m (30,000 ft) in less than 7 minutes

2136:

engines, 13.24 kN (2,980 lbf) thrust each

5699: 5651: 5458: 5230: 5069: 5001: 4852: 4684: 4593: 4543:The initial version of this article was based on a 4213:"Top Aces acquires 25 Belgian Air Force Alpha Jets" 2898:"New Generation Alpha Jet First Public Appearance." 2431:

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

2368: 2018: 1486:: Close support-capable version assembled in Egypt. 500:missions. Featured many of the same systems as the 441:, and AOI of Egypt assembled the other eleven from 159: 151: 143: 138: 130: 107: 99: 83: 75: 61: 56: 39: 4107:"Morocco, Mauritania & West Sahara since 1972" 3883:"Egypt rolls out Gazelle and receives Alpha Jets." 3309:"Thailand wants F-16s and shrinks Alpha Jet plan." 1055:; the results of their intervention was judged by 562:A partly disassembled Alpha Jet during maintenance 3828: 3826: 3004: 3002: 2868: 2866: 2864: 1948:aircraft) acquired 1993. Retired 13 January 2018. 1516:: A single Moroccan Alpha Jet E modified with a 1185:Top Aces acquires 25 Belgian Air Force Alpha Jets 874:A German Air Force Alpha Jet prior to landing at 723:, as installed on French aircraft, or 27 mm 4401:"The Dassault-Dornier Alpha Jet & FMA Pampa" 4289:Harding, Ian (March 2018). "Alpha Jet retires". 2992: 2990: 2988: 2986: 2949: 2947: 2035:Hi-res cutaway of the Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet 30:"Alpha Jet" redirects here. For other uses, see 3373: 3371: 1374: 1265:An Alpha Jet imported by Abbatare lands at the 3878: 3876: 3874: 2893: 2891: 2797: 2795: 2793: 2791: 2789: 2787: 2785: 2762: 2760: 2758: 2756: 2754: 2752: 2729: 2727: 2725: 2723: 2721: 2719: 2717: 2569: 2567: 2565: 2563: 2561: 515:alterations, such as the addition of multiple 5753:1970s international military trainer aircraft 5628: 4978: 4570: 4439:, Vol. 93, No. 1, July 2017, pp. 86–89. 4017:"A New (Fighter) Jet for Google's Founders?." 1183:which provides adversary air combat training. 995:including two spares hulks, were sold to the 983:in the border patrol role; while the British 8: 4385:The Encyclopedia of Modern Military Aircraft 3102:"PARIS: France plans Alpha Jet replacement." 2976:"New Engine Being Developed for Alpha Jet." 2300:rocket pods with nineteen 70 mm rockets each 1623:. Also 25 Alpha Jet E acquired from Belgium. 1456:: Attack version originally used by Germany. 4182: 4180: 3927:"Training aircraft services for Alpha Jet." 3304: 3302: 2674: 2672: 2670: 2668: 2666: 2656: 2654: 2652: 2642: 2640: 2638: 2636: 2634: 2511: 2509: 2507: 2505: 2503: 1077:. In March 2016, Nigerian car manufacturer 814:cockpit, such as the installation of a new 5635: 5621: 5613: 4985: 4971: 4963: 4577: 4563: 4555: 4528:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 4465:Stijger, Eric. "Alpha Jets for Portugal". 4432:, 28 February 1974. pp. 264–267, 277. 3034:"France studies Alpha Jet life extension." 2615: 2613: 2611: 2609: 2581: 2579: 2404:Guided tour of the cockpit of an Alpha Jet 36: 4160:"Airshow Review – Marrakech Airshow 2014" 3398: 3396: 3331:"UK buys ex-German air force Alpha Jets." 3540:"Nigeria re-militarises two Alpha Jets." 2244:170 km/h (110 mph; 92 kn) 2012:Orthographic projection of the Alpha Jet 1797:A Royal Thai Air Force Alpha Jet in 2013 1596:(Alpha Jet MS2) – 27 (12 are in service) 1317:, operates a single Alpha Jet, based at 1233:and HUD, along with a digital multiplex 1039:, which were engaged in combat with the 255:. The result of this collaboration, the 4479:Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1982-83 4331:M0.85 at 10,000 m (33,000 ft) 3833:"Belgian Air Force Alpha Jet training." 3017:Christophe Gasztych, "Savoie's AUTUMN" 2499: 1196:Arab Organization for Industrialization 1194:On 17 September 1978, Dassault and the 769:Alpha Jet Advanced Trainer/Light Attack 392:Arab Organization for Industrialization 4521: 3994:"Classic Aerobatics for your Airshow!" 3185:"Luftwaffe outlines Alpha Jet update." 2365: 2015: 2004:Specifications (Close-support version) 985:Defence Evaluation and Research Agency 701:Fairchild Republic A-10 Thunderbolt II 645:The Alpha Jet is powered by a pair of 484:flight demonstration team in formation 4367:Braybrook, Roy. "Training Maturity". 4235:Barreira, Victor (20 November 2017). 4133:"Raining champions of the Arab world" 4073:. Australian Aviation. 3 March 2017. 4051:from the original on 12 December 2013 3275:"Dassault-Breguet Dornier Alpha Jet." 3207:"Dassault-Breguet Dornier Alpha Jet." 2873:"Dassault-Breguet Dornier Alpha Jet." 2802:"Dassault-Breguet Dornier Alpha Jet." 2699:"Dassault-Breguet/Dornier Alpha Jet." 1480:or "New Generation Attack/Training"), 1332:will provide three Alpha Jets to the 1225:-built Uliss 81 nav/attack system, a 570:and air intakes are fixed; while the 7: 4506:The Aircraft of Louis Breguet, Paris 4414:. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1995. 3573:from the original on 31 January 2016 3157:from the original on 7 November 2017 3131:from the original on 7 November 2017 2978:Aviation Week & Space Technology 2292:Two Matra rocket pods with eighteen 2231:57 m/s (11,200 ft/min) max 1129:A Belgium Air Force Alpha Jet 1B at 862:. The PC-21 was introduced in 2018. 845:as a replacement for the Alpha Jet. 834:, as well as a structural overhaul. 783:A in its weapons training capacity. 779:in jet trainer role, as well as the 540:Alpha Jet 3 Advanced Training System 490:Alpha Jet 3 Advanced Training System 51:An Alpha Jet of the French Air Force 5748:1970s international attack aircraft 4266:"Portugal retires its Alpha Jets". 4237:"Portugal to phase out Alpha Jet A" 3905:"Egypt shops in China for trainer." 3444:, June 1993. Volume 5, Issue No. 6. 3353:"UAE closes on Alpha Jet purchase." 2077:9.11 m (29 ft 11 in) 2071:13.23 m (43 ft 5 in) 1041:National Patriotic Front of Liberia 818:(HUD) and multifunction displays. 4481:. London: Jane's Yearbooks, 1982. 4356:. Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2002. 3856:"Belgium updates Alpha Jet fleet." 2083:4.19 m (13 ft 9 in) 2024:Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet cutaway 25: 5773:France–Germany military relations 4376:Cuny, Jean and Pierre Leyvastre. 4113:from the original on 4 March 2016 4077:from the original on 2 March 2017 3474:from the original on 9 March 2016 3410:(Special Issue on ECOMOG). 1996. 2280:in centreline pod with 150 rounds 2089:17.5 m (188 sq ft) 488:Another proposed variant was the 4139:. Times Aerospace Publishing Ltd 3763:from the original on 2021-07-20. 3694:from the original on 2021-04-01. 3125:"France speeds PC-21 deliveries" 2398: 2386: 2374: 2352: 2323:a variety of bombs (such as the 2029: 1981: 1954: 1927: 1904: 1881: 1858: 1831: 1803: 1768: 1745: 1698: 1675: 1652: 1629: 1602: 1579: 1027:In 1990, four Alpha Jets of the 839:Direction générale de l'armement 693:McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II 45: 4194:from the original on 2019-04-23 3682:Lionel, Ekene (April 1, 2021). 3414:from the original on 2016-03-04 3253:"Germany nears Alpha Jet deal." 1478:Nouvelle Generation Appui/Ecole 458:Nouvelle Generation Appui/Ecole 5604:Dornier Museum Friedrichshafen 4676:MD.750 Mirage 6000 Mega Mirage 4502:Les avions Louis Breguet Paris 4378:Les Avions Breguet (1940/1971) 4158:Jackson, Kevin (13 May 2014). 4039:Alex Hern (12 December 2013). 4004:Mustang High Flight Aerobatics 3751:Lionel, Ekene (21 July 2020). 2219:14,630 m (48,000 ft) 2116:7,500 kg (16,535 lb) 2110:5,000 kg (11,023 lb) 1737:Royal International Air Tattoo 1299:Mustang High Flight Aerobatics 1153:, as well as a greater use of 413:McDonnell Douglas T-45 Goshawk 1: 4399:Goebel, Greg (1 April 2020), 4387:. London: Amber Books, 2004. 3175:Braybrook 1984, pp. 270, 276. 2122:1,520 kg (3,351 lb) 2104:3,515 kg (7,749 lb) 1995:At least 5 in service by the 1284:Canadian aviation specialist 1079:Innoson Vehicle Manufacturing 1053:Roberts International Airport 1035:(ECOMOG) forces stationed in 843:Alenia Aermacchi M-346 Master 790:Six French Alpha Jets of the 606:platform and the French as a 5768:Aircraft first flown in 1973 5646:attack aircraft designations 4996:and Zeppelin-Lindau aircraft 3895:, 10 December 1983, p. 1518. 3008:Braybrook 1984, pp. 275–276. 2528:Retrieved: 30 December 2012. 1031:were deployed in support of 747:French Air Force Alpha Jet E 415:, a modified version of the 2941:Lambert 1974, pp. 266, 277. 2910:, 4 September 1982. p. 657. 2779:, 4 November 1978. p. 1649. 2711:, 8 November 1978. p. 1882. 1394:Between 1979 and 1981, the 981:North American OV-10 Bronco 241:Lockheed T-33 Shooting Star 27:French light attack fighter 5789: 4435:Mata, Paulo. "Last Days". 4270:. March 2018. p. 16. 3056:"Alpha Jet upgrade ahead." 2967:, 8 February 1974. p. 268. 2955:"Power for the Alpha Jet." 2628:Lambert 1974, pp. 264-265. 2296:68 mm rockets each or two 2256:610 m (2,000 ft) 2250:410 m (1,350 ft) 1971:– (Alpha Jet A) 12 former 1944:– 50 (Alpha Jet A, former 1669:(Alpha Jet E) – 45 in 2024 1667:French Air and Space Force 920:Improved Combat Efficiency 907:or "Tactical Support") or 632:electronic countermeasures 314:A French Alpha Jet of the 300:Lockheed F-104 Starfighter 206:French Air and Space Force 171:Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet 112:French Air and Space Force 32:Alpha Jet (disambiguation) 29: 5596: 4313:Taylor 1982, pp. 105–106. 4006:, Retrieved: 30 May 2016. 3939:, Retrieved: 30 May 2016. 3845:, 18 April 1981. p. 1109. 3550:IHS Jane's Defence Weekly 3390:, Retrieved: 30 May 2016. 3242:Sijger 1994, pp. 128–129. 2836:, 24 April 1982. p. 1033. 2397: 2385: 2373: 2028: 2023: 1997:Kansas Air National Guard 1785:(19 Alpha Jet A – former 1735:An Alpha Jet at the 2008 618:, nosewheel steering, an 578:(CAD), conforms with the 70:advanced trainer aircraft 44: 4549:Greg Goebel's Vectorsite 4164:Global Aviation Resource 3961:Retrieved: 17 July 2012. 3954:October 8, 2008, at the 3021:, March 2013, pp. 40-45. 2885:, 13 August 1988. p. 36. 2814:, 19 August 1989. p. 38. 1690:Royal Moroccan Air Force 1544:dispenser, modified for 1396:Royal Moroccan Air Force 1344:. They will be based at 1334:Australian Defence Force 719:containing a 30 mm 506:forward-looking infrared 5738:Dassault Group aircraft 5644:Royal Thai Armed Forces 3408:Defense Studies Journal 3296:Michta 2016, pp. 70-71. 3219:, 1 August 1987. p. 27. 2603:Kocs 1995, pp. 113-114. 2594:Kocs 1995, pp. 112-114. 2573:Braybrook 1984, p. 270. 2546:Kocs 1995, pp. 112-113. 2130:SNECMA Turbomeca Larzac 2056:General characteristics 1919:Côte d'Ivoire Air Force 1402:squadron both based in 1247:Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17 1243:Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 991:aircraft for the role. 909:Alpha Jet Close Support 856:Beechcraft T-6 Texan II 647:SNECMA Turbomeca Larzac 588:flight control surfaces 293:SNECMA Turbomeca Larzac 4819:New Generation Fighter 4500:Lacaze, Henri (2016). 3287:, 19 July 1994. p. 40. 3265:, 7 April 1992. p. 17. 3197:, 27 April 1985. p. 8. 2920:"New Alpha Jet shown." 2746:, 1 May 1976. p. 1148. 2013: 1798: 1740: 1728: 1574: 1566: 1445: 1434: 1388: 1365: 1269: 1134: 1024: 1015:Nigerian Alpha Jet at 903:(the "A" standing for 887: 797: 759:(the "E" standing for 748: 563: 485: 343: 319: 235: 5278:(Operational history) 4225:Mata 2017, pp. 87–89. 3515:Karls Tsokar, Abuja. 3127:. 20 September 2018. 2932:, 22 June 1985. p. 9. 2858:, 2 July 1983. p. 27. 2678:Lambert 1974, p. 266. 2646:Lambert 1974, p. 265. 2585:Lambert 1974, p. 264. 2225:+12 / -6.4 (ultimate) 2011: 1873:Belgian Air Component 1796: 1760:Qatar Emiri Air Force 1734: 1722: 1572: 1565:-operated Alpha Jet A 1560: 1440: 1425: 1359: 1346:RAAF Base Williamtown 1342:Royal Australian Navy 1279:Arlington, Washington 1264: 1147:Fouga CM.170 Magister 1128: 1014: 873: 789: 746: 636:aerial reconnaissance 576:computer aided design 561: 524:French Naval Aviation 513:man-machine interface 479: 396:license manufacturing 341: 313: 287:the same powerplant. 253:light attack aircraft 233: 190:Dornier Flugzeugwerke 94:Dornier Flugzeugwerke 5700:Related designations 5459:Dornier designations 5070:Dornier designations 4430:Flight International 3915:Flight International 3893:Flight International 3866:Flight International 3843:Flight International 3627:, 14 September 2014. 3470:. 30 November 2013. 3453:Adebajo 2002, p. 82. 3363:Flight International 3341:Flight International 3319:Flight International 3285:Flight International 3263:Flight International 3217:Flight International 3195:Flight International 3112:Flight International 3091:, 11 September 2014. 3089:Flight International 3066:Flight International 3044:Flight International 2996:Taylor 1982, p. 105. 2965:Flight International 2930:Flight International 2908:Flight International 2883:Flight International 2856:Flight International 2834:Flight International 2812:Flight International 2777:Flight International 2744:Flight International 2709:Flight International 2482:Soko G-4 Super Galeb 1942:Portuguese Air Force 1846:Air Affairs/Top Aces 1783:Royal Thai Air Force 1725:Portuguese Air Force 1536:). and an AN/ALE-40 1427:Portuguese Air Force 1378:Hawker Siddeley Hawk 1323:Ames Research Center 1290:Douglas A-4 Skyhawks 1288:operates a fleet of 1131:Beauvechain Air Base 997:United Arab Emirates 832:Dassault Mirage 2000 803:Patrouille de France 793:Patrouille de France 662:General Electric J85 546:and a strengthened 536:Alpha Jet Maritime 3 532:Dassault Étendard IV 466:Dassault Mirage 2000 417:Hawker Siddeley Hawk 316:Patrouille de France 124:Royal Thai Air Force 4247:on 20 November 2017 4095:Taylor 1976, p. 63. 3917:, 29 February 2000. 3529:, 11 February 2016. 3365:, 24 November 1999. 3019:Air Force's Monthly 2419:Related development 2114:Max takeoff weight: 1762:(Alpha Jet E) – six 1433:flight display team 1429:Alpha Jet A of the 1166:inertial navigation 1073:operations against 972:Northrop T-38 Talon 837:In September 2014, 781:Dassault Mystère IV 734:Operational history 673:inertial navigation 550:and undercarriage. 534:fleets. Designated 528:Fouga CM.175 Zéphyr 471:Farnborough Airshow 432:Further development 318:flight display team 184:co-manufactured by 57:General information 5763:High-wing aircraft 4454:. Springer, 2016. 4450:Michta, Andrew A. 4352:Adebajo, Adekeye. 4029:, 23 October 2008. 4027:The New York Times 4022:2015-09-09 at the 3999:2016-05-06 at the 3977:2016-06-04 at the 3932:2016-06-27 at the 3910:2016-08-03 at the 3888:2016-08-03 at the 3868:, 3 November 1999. 3861:2016-08-03 at the 3838:2016-08-03 at the 3665:2016-10-21 at the 3642:2016-08-06 at the 3620:2016-06-01 at the 3605:, 26 January 2016. 3598:2016-07-22 at the 3552:, 27 January 2016. 3545:2016-03-02 at the 3522:2016-08-13 at the 3499:2016-04-04 at the 3442:Human Rights Watch 3437:2016-06-21 at the 3383:2016-06-11 at the 3358:2016-08-03 at the 3336:2016-08-03 at the 3314:2016-08-03 at the 3280:2016-08-03 at the 3258:2016-08-03 at the 3212:2016-08-03 at the 3190:2016-08-03 at the 3107:2016-08-03 at the 3084:2016-08-03 at the 3061:2016-08-03 at the 3046:, 21 October 1998. 3039:2016-08-03 at the 2960:2016-08-03 at the 2925:2016-08-03 at the 2903:2016-11-30 at the 2878:2016-08-03 at the 2851:2016-08-03 at the 2829:2016-08-03 at the 2807:2016-08-03 at the 2772:2016-08-03 at the 2739:2016-08-03 at the 2704:2016-08-03 at the 2660:Kocs 1995, p. 115. 2619:Kocs 1995, p. 114. 2555:Kocs 1995, p. 113. 2537:Kocs 1995, p. 112. 2521:2012-05-15 at the 2442:Aero L-39 Albatros 2014: 1898:– 93 (Alpha Jet A) 1799: 1741: 1729: 1713:Nigerian Air Force 1692:(Alpha Jet E) – 24 1594:Cameroon Air Force 1575: 1567: 1514:Alpha Jet Al-Ghait 1446: 1435: 1412:Western Sahara War 1366: 1270: 1135: 1058:The New York Times 1045:Liberian Civil War 1029:Nigerian Air Force 1025: 1017:Old Kaduna Airport 936:air-to-air missile 888: 852:Aero L-39 Albatros 798: 749: 697:LTV A-7 Corsair II 564: 486: 344: 320: 279:attack aircraft. 236: 120:Egyptian Air Force 5725: 5724: 5610: 5609: 4960: 4959: 4515:978-2-914017-89-3 4468:Air International 4437:Air International 4410:Kocs, Stephen A. 4370:Air International 4292:Air International 4268:Air International 3753:"Military Africa" 3649:, 5 October 2014. 3647:African Spotlight 3569:. 26 March 2015. 3343:, 18 August 1999. 3321:, 11 August 1999. 3251:Barrie, Douglas. 2409: 2408: 2308:AIM-9 Sidewinders 2235:Time to altitude: 2044: 2043: 1921:– 7 (Alpha Jet E) 1820:– 5 (Alpha Jet E) 1155:flight simulators 1071:counterinsurgency 933:AIM-9L Sidewinder 767:for "School") or 705:close air support 590:. The cockpit is 526:to replace their 452:, originally the 284:close air support 243:and French-built 186:Dassault Aviation 167: 166: 152:Introduction date 90:Dassault Aviation 16:(Redirected from 5780: 5743:Dornier aircraft 5637: 5630: 5623: 5614: 5231:RLM designations 4987: 4980: 4973: 4964: 4579: 4572: 4565: 4556: 4533: 4527: 4519: 4475:Taylor, John W R 4407: 4383:Eden, Paul, ed. 4341: 4338: 4332: 4329: 4323: 4320: 4314: 4311: 4305: 4304: 4286: 4280: 4279: 4263: 4257: 4256: 4254: 4252: 4243:. Archived from 4232: 4226: 4223: 4217: 4216: 4209: 4203: 4202: 4200: 4199: 4184: 4175: 4174: 4172: 4170: 4155: 4149: 4148: 4146: 4144: 4129: 4123: 4122: 4120: 4118: 4102: 4096: 4093: 4087: 4086: 4084: 4082: 4067: 4061: 4060: 4058: 4056: 4036: 4030: 4013: 4007: 3991: 3985: 3968: 3962: 3946: 3940: 3924: 3918: 3902: 3896: 3880: 3869: 3854:Penny, Stewart. 3852: 3846: 3830: 3821: 3820: 3819:. 2 August 2021. 3813: 3807: 3806: 3799: 3793: 3792: 3790: 3788: 3771: 3765: 3764: 3748: 3742: 3741: 3730: 3724: 3723: 3716: 3710: 3709: 3702: 3696: 3695: 3679: 3673: 3672:, 26 March 2016. 3656: 3650: 3634: 3628: 3612: 3606: 3589: 3583: 3582: 3580: 3578: 3559: 3553: 3538:Binnie, Jeremy. 3536: 3530: 3513: 3507: 3506:, 30 March 2016. 3490: 3484: 3483: 3481: 3479: 3468:Beegeagle's Blog 3460: 3454: 3451: 3445: 3429: 3423: 3422: 3420: 3419: 3400: 3391: 3388:The Flying Bulls 3375: 3366: 3350: 3344: 3328: 3322: 3306: 3297: 3294: 3288: 3272: 3266: 3249: 3243: 3240: 3234: 3233: 3226: 3220: 3204: 3198: 3182: 3176: 3173: 3167: 3166: 3164: 3162: 3147: 3141: 3140: 3138: 3136: 3121: 3115: 3100:Perry, Dominic. 3098: 3092: 3077:Perry, Dominic. 3075: 3069: 3053: 3047: 3031: 3022: 3015: 3009: 3006: 2997: 2994: 2981: 2974: 2968: 2951: 2942: 2939: 2933: 2917: 2911: 2895: 2886: 2870: 2859: 2843: 2837: 2821: 2815: 2799: 2780: 2764: 2747: 2731: 2712: 2696: 2679: 2676: 2661: 2658: 2647: 2644: 2629: 2626: 2620: 2617: 2604: 2601: 2595: 2592: 2586: 2583: 2574: 2571: 2556: 2553: 2547: 2544: 2538: 2535: 2529: 2513: 2402: 2401: 2390: 2389: 2378: 2377: 2366: 2362: 2357: 2356: 2355: 2316:AGM-65 Mavericks 2264: 2217:Service ceiling: 2144: 2058: 2033: 2032: 2016: 1987: 1985: 1984: 1960: 1958: 1957: 1933: 1931: 1930: 1910: 1908: 1907: 1896:German Air Force 1887: 1885: 1884: 1864: 1862: 1861: 1837: 1835: 1834: 1825:Former operators 1809: 1807: 1806: 1774: 1772: 1771: 1751: 1749: 1748: 1704: 1702: 1701: 1681: 1679: 1678: 1658: 1656: 1655: 1635: 1633: 1632: 1608: 1606: 1605: 1585: 1583: 1582: 1522:Honeywell Primus 1464: 1463: 1454: 1453: 1442:French Air Force 1431:Asas de Portugal 1386: 1370:BAE Systems Hawk 1257:Civilian service 1251:BAE Systems Hawk 1239:Aero L-29 Delfín 989:BAE Systems Hawk 945:During the 1991 847:Alenia Aermacchi 753:French Air Force 608:trainer aircraft 517:head-up displays 482:Asas de Portugal 361:Oberpfaffenhofen 210:German Air Force 195:Breguet Aviation 49: 37: 21: 5788: 5787: 5783: 5782: 5781: 5779: 5778: 5777: 5728: 5727: 5726: 5721: 5695: 5653: 5647: 5641: 5611: 5606: 5592: 5460: 5454: 5232: 5226: 5071: 5065: 5003: 5002:Zeppelin-Lindau 4997: 4991: 4961: 4956: 4848: 4680: 4589: 4583: 4540: 4520: 4516: 4499: 4496: 4494:Further reading 4425:Lambert, Mark. 4398: 4349: 4344: 4339: 4335: 4330: 4326: 4321: 4317: 4312: 4308: 4288: 4287: 4283: 4265: 4264: 4260: 4250: 4248: 4234: 4233: 4229: 4224: 4220: 4211: 4210: 4206: 4197: 4195: 4186: 4185: 4178: 4168: 4166: 4157: 4156: 4152: 4142: 4140: 4137:Times Aerospace 4131: 4130: 4126: 4116: 4114: 4104: 4103: 4099: 4094: 4090: 4080: 4078: 4069: 4068: 4064: 4054: 4052: 4038: 4037: 4033: 4024:Wayback Machine 4015:Helft, Miguel. 4014: 4010: 4001:Wayback Machine 3992: 3988: 3979:Wayback Machine 3970:David, Donald. 3969: 3965: 3959:Alpha Jets USA. 3956:Wayback Machine 3947: 3943: 3934:Wayback Machine 3925: 3921: 3912:Wayback Machine 3903: 3899: 3890:Wayback Machine 3881: 3872: 3863:Wayback Machine 3853: 3849: 3840:Wayback Machine 3831: 3824: 3815: 3814: 3810: 3805:. 20 July 2021. 3801: 3800: 3796: 3786: 3784: 3774:Ewokor, Chris. 3773: 3772: 3768: 3757:Military Africa 3750: 3749: 3745: 3738:BBC News Pidgin 3732: 3731: 3727: 3722:. 3 April 2021. 3718: 3717: 3713: 3708:. 5 April 2021. 3704: 3703: 3699: 3688:Military Africa 3681: 3680: 3676: 3667:Wayback Machine 3657: 3653: 3644:Wayback Machine 3635: 3631: 3622:Wayback Machine 3613: 3609: 3600:Wayback Machine 3591:Mutum, Ronald. 3590: 3586: 3576: 3574: 3561: 3560: 3556: 3547:Wayback Machine 3537: 3533: 3524:Wayback Machine 3514: 3510: 3501:Wayback Machine 3492:Monks, Kieron. 3491: 3487: 3477: 3475: 3462: 3461: 3457: 3452: 3448: 3439:Wayback Machine 3430: 3426: 3417: 3415: 3402: 3401: 3394: 3385:Wayback Machine 3376: 3369: 3360:Wayback Machine 3351: 3347: 3338:Wayback Machine 3329: 3325: 3316:Wayback Machine 3307: 3300: 3295: 3291: 3282:Wayback Machine 3273: 3269: 3260:Wayback Machine 3250: 3246: 3241: 3237: 3228: 3227: 3223: 3214:Wayback Machine 3205: 3201: 3192:Wayback Machine 3183: 3179: 3174: 3170: 3160: 3158: 3149: 3148: 3144: 3134: 3132: 3123: 3122: 3118: 3114:, 16 June 2015. 3109:Wayback Machine 3099: 3095: 3086:Wayback Machine 3076: 3072: 3068:, 17 June 2003. 3063:Wayback Machine 3054: 3050: 3041:Wayback Machine 3032: 3025: 3016: 3012: 3007: 3000: 2995: 2984: 2975: 2971: 2962:Wayback Machine 2952: 2945: 2940: 2936: 2927:Wayback Machine 2918: 2914: 2905:Wayback Machine 2896: 2889: 2880:Wayback Machine 2871: 2862: 2853:Wayback Machine 2846:"Warlike Jets." 2844: 2840: 2831:Wayback Machine 2822: 2818: 2809:Wayback Machine 2800: 2783: 2774:Wayback Machine 2765: 2750: 2741:Wayback Machine 2732: 2715: 2706:Wayback Machine 2697: 2682: 2677: 2664: 2659: 2650: 2645: 2632: 2627: 2623: 2618: 2607: 2602: 2598: 2593: 2589: 2584: 2577: 2572: 2559: 2554: 2550: 2545: 2541: 2536: 2532: 2523:Wayback Machine 2514: 2501: 2497: 2492: 2437:Aermacchi S-211 2425:FMA IA-63 Pampa 2399: 2387: 2375: 2369:External videos 2360:Aviation portal 2358: 2353: 2351: 2348: 2312:Matra Magic IIs 2265: 2260: 2238: 2140: 2054: 2030: 2006: 1982: 1980: 1955: 1953: 1928: 1926: 1905: 1903: 1882: 1880: 1859: 1857: 1832: 1830: 1827: 1804: 1802: 1769: 1767: 1746: 1744: 1699: 1697: 1676: 1674: 1653: 1651: 1644:Egypt Air Force 1630: 1628: 1603: 1601: 1580: 1578: 1555: 1461: 1460: 1451: 1450: 1420: 1408:Polisario Front 1387: 1384: 1354: 1338:Australian Army 1259: 1192: 1151:combined flight 1133:, Belgium, 2004 1123: 1023:, Nigeria, 2012 1009: 929:AGM-65 Maverick 880:Gloucestershire 868: 828:Dassault Rafale 816:Head-Up Display 741: 736: 687:and additional 556: 434: 394:(AOI) signed a 369:flight envelope 308: 306:Into production 228: 223: 163:26 October 1973 155:4 November 1977 126: 122: 118: 76:National origin 52: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5786: 5784: 5776: 5775: 5770: 5765: 5760: 5755: 5750: 5745: 5740: 5730: 5729: 5723: 5722: 5720: 5719: 5714: 5709: 5703: 5701: 5697: 5696: 5694: 5693: 5688: 5683: 5678: 5673: 5668: 5663: 5657: 5655: 5649: 5648: 5642: 5640: 5639: 5632: 5625: 5617: 5608: 5607: 5600:Claude Dornier 5597: 5594: 5593: 5591: 5590: 5585: 5580: 5575: 5570: 5565: 5560: 5555: 5550: 5545: 5540: 5535: 5530: 5525: 5520: 5515: 5510: 5505: 5500: 5495: 5490: 5485: 5480: 5475: 5470: 5464: 5462: 5456: 5455: 5453: 5452: 5447: 5442: 5437: 5432: 5427: 5422: 5417: 5412: 5407: 5402: 5397: 5392: 5387: 5381: 5380: 5375: 5370: 5365: 5360: 5355: 5350: 5345: 5340: 5335: 5330: 5325: 5320: 5315: 5310: 5305: 5300: 5295: 5290: 5285: 5280: 5272: 5267: 5262: 5257: 5252: 5247: 5242: 5236: 5234: 5228: 5227: 5225: 5224: 5219: 5214: 5209: 5204: 5199: 5194: 5188: 5187: 5182: 5177: 5172: 5167: 5162: 5157: 5152: 5147: 5142: 5137: 5132: 5127: 5122: 5117: 5112: 5106: 5101: 5096: 5091: 5086: 5081: 5075: 5073: 5067: 5066: 5064: 5063: 5058: 5053: 5048: 5043: 5038: 5033: 5028: 5023: 5018: 5013: 5007: 5005: 4999: 4998: 4992: 4990: 4989: 4982: 4975: 4967: 4958: 4957: 4955: 4954: 4953: 4952: 4947: 4942: 4937: 4932: 4927: 4922: 4917: 4912: 4907: 4902: 4897: 4892: 4882: 4877: 4872: 4867: 4862: 4856: 4854: 4850: 4849: 4847: 4846: 4841: 4839:Super Étendard 4836: 4831: 4826: 4821: 4816: 4811: 4806: 4801: 4796: 4791: 4790: 4789: 4784: 4779: 4774: 4769: 4764: 4759: 4754: 4749: 4744: 4739: 4729: 4724: 4722:Falcon Epicure 4719: 4714: 4709: 4704: 4699: 4694: 4688: 4686: 4682: 4681: 4679: 4678: 4673: 4668: 4663: 4658: 4653: 4648: 4643: 4638: 4633: 4628: 4623: 4618: 4613: 4608: 4603: 4597: 4595: 4591: 4590: 4584: 4582: 4581: 4574: 4567: 4559: 4539: 4538:External links 4536: 4535: 4534: 4514: 4495: 4492: 4491: 4490: 4472: 4463: 4448: 4433: 4423: 4408: 4396: 4381: 4374: 4365: 4348: 4345: 4343: 4342: 4333: 4324: 4315: 4306: 4295:. p. 21. 4281: 4258: 4241:IHS Jane's 360 4227: 4218: 4204: 4176: 4150: 4124: 4097: 4088: 4062: 4031: 4008: 3986: 3984:, 28 May 2015. 3982:IHS Jane's 360 3963: 3941: 3919: 3897: 3870: 3847: 3822: 3808: 3794: 3766: 3743: 3725: 3711: 3697: 3674: 3658:Lauya, Adbul. 3651: 3629: 3607: 3584: 3554: 3531: 3508: 3485: 3455: 3446: 3424: 3392: 3367: 3345: 3323: 3298: 3289: 3267: 3244: 3235: 3221: 3199: 3177: 3168: 3142: 3116: 3093: 3070: 3048: 3023: 3010: 2998: 2982: 2969: 2943: 2934: 2912: 2887: 2860: 2838: 2816: 2781: 2748: 2713: 2680: 2662: 2648: 2630: 2621: 2605: 2596: 2587: 2575: 2557: 2548: 2539: 2530: 2498: 2496: 2493: 2491: 2488: 2485: 2484: 2479: 2477:PZL I-22 Iryda 2474: 2472:Mitsubishi T-2 2469: 2464: 2459: 2454: 2449: 2444: 2439: 2428: 2427: 2416: 2415: 2413:EADS Mako/HEAT 2407: 2406: 2395: 2394: 2383: 2382: 2371: 2370: 2364: 2363: 2347: 2344: 2343: 2342: 2341: 2340: 2331: 2318: 2301: 2281: 2258: 2257: 2251: 2245: 2242:Landing speed: 2239: 2232: 2229:Rate of climb: 2226: 2220: 2214: 2208: 2201: 2200: 2199: 2198: 2197: 2196: 2195: 2194: 2184: 2183: 2176: 2175: 2174: 2173: 2172: 2171: 2170: 2169: 2159: 2158: 2152: 2149:Maximum speed: 2138: 2137: 2123: 2120:Fuel capacity: 2117: 2111: 2105: 2099: 2090: 2084: 2078: 2072: 2066: 2042: 2041: 2026: 2025: 2021: 2020: 2019:External image 2005: 2002: 2001: 2000: 1992: 1991: 1977: 1976: 1965: 1964: 1962:United Kingdom 1950: 1949: 1938: 1937: 1923: 1922: 1915: 1914: 1900: 1899: 1892: 1891: 1877: 1876: 1869: 1868: 1854: 1853: 1842: 1841: 1826: 1823: 1822: 1821: 1818:Togo Air Force 1814: 1813: 1791: 1790: 1779: 1778: 1764: 1763: 1756: 1755: 1717: 1716: 1709: 1708: 1694: 1693: 1686: 1685: 1671: 1670: 1663: 1662: 1648: 1647: 1640: 1639: 1625: 1624: 1613: 1612: 1598: 1597: 1590: 1589: 1554: 1551: 1550: 1549: 1511: 1497: 1487: 1481: 1474:Alpha Jet NGAE 1467: 1457: 1419: 1416: 1382: 1362:Don Mueang AFB 1353: 1350: 1267:Mojave Airport 1258: 1255: 1221:, featuring a 1219:Alpha Jet NGEA 1191: 1188: 1122: 1119: 1099:Sambisa Forest 1049:Charles Taylor 1008: 1005: 924:Mil Spec 1553B 905:Appui Tactique 867: 864: 777:Fouga Magister 740: 737: 735: 732: 622:, and Stencel 555: 552: 454:Alpha Jet NGEA 443:knockdown kits 433: 430: 307: 304: 261:strike fighter 257:SEPECAT Jaguar 245:Fouga Magister 227: 224: 222: 219: 188:of France and 165: 164: 161: 157: 156: 153: 149: 148: 145: 141: 140: 136: 135: 132: 128: 127: 114: 109: 105: 104: 101: 97: 96: 87: 81: 80: 79:France/Germany 77: 73: 72: 63: 59: 58: 54: 53: 50: 42: 41: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5785: 5774: 5771: 5769: 5766: 5764: 5761: 5759: 5756: 5754: 5751: 5749: 5746: 5744: 5741: 5739: 5736: 5735: 5733: 5718: 5715: 5713: 5710: 5708: 5705: 5704: 5702: 5698: 5692: 5689: 5687: 5684: 5682: 5679: 5677: 5674: 5672: 5669: 5667: 5664: 5662: 5659: 5658: 5656: 5650: 5645: 5638: 5633: 5631: 5626: 5624: 5619: 5618: 5615: 5605: 5601: 5595: 5589: 5586: 5584: 5581: 5579: 5576: 5574: 5571: 5569: 5566: 5564: 5561: 5559: 5556: 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4689: 4687: 4683: 4677: 4674: 4672: 4669: 4667: 4664: 4662: 4659: 4657: 4654: 4652: 4649: 4647: 4644: 4642: 4639: 4637: 4634: 4632: 4629: 4627: 4624: 4622: 4619: 4617: 4614: 4612: 4609: 4607: 4604: 4602: 4599: 4598: 4596: 4592: 4587: 4580: 4575: 4573: 4568: 4566: 4561: 4560: 4557: 4553: 4552: 4550: 4547:article from 4546: 4545:public domain 4537: 4531: 4525: 4517: 4511: 4507: 4503: 4498: 4497: 4493: 4488: 4487:0-7106-0748-2 4484: 4480: 4476: 4473: 4470: 4469: 4464: 4461: 4460:1-3496-1596-X 4457: 4453: 4449: 4446: 4442: 4438: 4434: 4431: 4428: 4424: 4421: 4420:0-2759-4890-0 4417: 4413: 4409: 4406: 4402: 4397: 4394: 4393:1-904687-84-9 4390: 4386: 4382: 4379: 4375: 4372: 4371: 4366: 4363: 4362:1-5882-6077-1 4359: 4355: 4351: 4350: 4346: 4337: 4334: 4328: 4325: 4319: 4316: 4310: 4307: 4302: 4298: 4294: 4293: 4285: 4282: 4277: 4273: 4269: 4262: 4259: 4246: 4242: 4238: 4231: 4228: 4222: 4219: 4214: 4208: 4205: 4193: 4189: 4183: 4181: 4177: 4165: 4161: 4154: 4151: 4138: 4134: 4128: 4125: 4112: 4108: 4105:Cooper, Tom. 4101: 4098: 4092: 4089: 4076: 4072: 4066: 4063: 4050: 4046: 4042: 4035: 4032: 4028: 4025: 4021: 4018: 4012: 4009: 4005: 4002: 3998: 3995: 3990: 3987: 3983: 3980: 3976: 3973: 3967: 3964: 3960: 3957: 3953: 3950: 3949:"Alpha Jets." 3945: 3942: 3938: 3935: 3931: 3928: 3923: 3920: 3916: 3913: 3909: 3906: 3901: 3898: 3894: 3891: 3887: 3884: 3879: 3877: 3875: 3871: 3867: 3864: 3860: 3857: 3851: 3848: 3844: 3841: 3837: 3834: 3829: 3827: 3823: 3818: 3812: 3809: 3804: 3798: 3795: 3783: 3782: 3777: 3770: 3767: 3762: 3758: 3754: 3747: 3744: 3739: 3735: 3729: 3726: 3721: 3715: 3712: 3707: 3701: 3698: 3693: 3689: 3685: 3678: 3675: 3671: 3670:The Authority 3668: 3664: 3661: 3655: 3652: 3648: 3645: 3641: 3638: 3633: 3630: 3626: 3625:Premium Times 3623: 3619: 3616: 3611: 3608: 3604: 3601: 3597: 3594: 3588: 3585: 3572: 3568: 3564: 3558: 3555: 3551: 3548: 3544: 3541: 3535: 3532: 3528: 3525: 3521: 3518: 3512: 3509: 3505: 3502: 3498: 3495: 3489: 3486: 3473: 3469: 3465: 3459: 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2271: 2268: 2267: 2266: 2263: 2255: 2252: 2249: 2248:Take-off run: 2246: 2243: 2240: 2236: 2233: 2230: 2227: 2224: 2221: 2218: 2215: 2212: 2209: 2206: 2203: 2202: 2192: 2191: 2190: 2189: 2188: 2187: 2186: 2185: 2181: 2180:Combat range: 2178: 2177: 2167: 2166: 2165: 2164: 2163: 2162: 2161: 2160: 2156: 2153: 2150: 2147: 2146: 2145: 2143: 2135: 2131: 2127: 2124: 2121: 2118: 2115: 2112: 2109: 2108:Gross weight: 2106: 2103: 2102:Empty weight: 2100: 2097: 2095: 2091: 2088: 2085: 2082: 2079: 2076: 2073: 2070: 2067: 2064: 2061: 2060: 2059: 2057: 2052: 2051: 2048: 2040: 2039:Flight Global 2036: 2027: 2022: 2017: 2010: 2003: 1998: 1994: 1993: 1990: 1989:United States 1979: 1978: 1974: 1970: 1967: 1966: 1963: 1952: 1951: 1947: 1943: 1940: 1939: 1936: 1925: 1924: 1920: 1917: 1916: 1913: 1902: 1901: 1897: 1894: 1893: 1890: 1879: 1878: 1874: 1871: 1870: 1867: 1856: 1855: 1851: 1847: 1844: 1843: 1840: 1829: 1828: 1824: 1819: 1816: 1815: 1812: 1801: 1800: 1795: 1788: 1784: 1781: 1780: 1777: 1766: 1765: 1761: 1758: 1757: 1754: 1743: 1742: 1738: 1733: 1726: 1721: 1714: 1711: 1710: 1707: 1696: 1695: 1691: 1688: 1687: 1684: 1673: 1672: 1668: 1665: 1664: 1661: 1650: 1649: 1645: 1642: 1641: 1638: 1627: 1626: 1622: 1618: 1615: 1614: 1611: 1600: 1599: 1595: 1592: 1591: 1588: 1577: 1576: 1571: 1564: 1559: 1552: 1547: 1546:cloud seeding 1543: 1539: 1535: 1531: 1527: 1526:weather radar 1523: 1519: 1515: 1512: 1509: 1505: 1501: 1500:Alpha Jet ATS 1498: 1495: 1494:glass cockpit 1491: 1490:Alpha Jet MS2 1488: 1485: 1484:Alpha Jet MS1 1482: 1479: 1475: 1471: 1468: 1465: 1458: 1455: 1448: 1447: 1443: 1439: 1432: 1428: 1424: 1417: 1415: 1413: 1409: 1405: 1401: 1397: 1392: 1381: 1379: 1373: 1371: 1363: 1358: 1351: 1349: 1347: 1343: 1339: 1335: 1331: 1330:Discovery Air 1326: 1324: 1320: 1316: 1312: 1308: 1304: 1300: 1296: 1291: 1287: 1282: 1280: 1275: 1274:RUAG Aviation 1268: 1263: 1256: 1254: 1252: 1248: 1244: 1240: 1236: 1232: 1229:-built laser 1228: 1224: 1220: 1216: 1215:Alpha Jet MS2 1211: 1209: 1208:Alpha Jet MS1 1205: 1201: 1197: 1189: 1187: 1186: 1182: 1177: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1162:Alpha Jet 1B+ 1158: 1156: 1152: 1148: 1144: 1140: 1132: 1127: 1120: 1118: 1114: 1111: 1106: 1104: 1100: 1096: 1092: 1088: 1082: 1080: 1076: 1072: 1066: 1062: 1060: 1059: 1054: 1050: 1046: 1042: 1038: 1034: 1030: 1022: 1018: 1013: 1006: 1004: 1002: 998: 992: 990: 986: 982: 977: 973: 968: 966: 962: 959: 955: 952: 948: 943: 941: 937: 934: 930: 925: 921: 916: 914: 910: 906: 902: 898: 893: 885: 881: 877: 872: 865: 863: 861: 860:Pilatus PC-21 857: 853: 848: 844: 840: 835: 833: 829: 825: 824:glass cockpit 819: 817: 812: 807: 805: 804: 795: 794: 788: 784: 782: 778: 774: 773:Canadair T-33 770: 766: 762: 758: 754: 745: 738: 733: 731: 729: 726: 722: 718: 713: 708: 706: 702: 698: 694: 690: 686: 685:Doppler radar 682: 681:glass cockpit 678: 674: 670: 665: 663: 658: 656: 651: 648: 643: 641: 637: 633: 629: 625: 624:ejector seats 621: 620:arrester hook 617: 613: 609: 605: 604:ground attack 600: 598: 597:liquid oxygen 593: 589: 585: 581: 577: 573: 569: 568:leading edges 560: 553: 551: 549: 545: 544:arrestor hook 541: 537: 533: 529: 525: 520: 518: 514: 509: 507: 503: 499: 495: 494:anti-shipping 491: 483: 478: 474: 472: 467: 463: 459: 455: 451: 446: 444: 440: 431: 429: 426: 420: 418: 414: 409: 405: 401: 397: 393: 387: 385: 381: 376: 374: 370: 366: 362: 358: 357:maiden flight 354: 350: 340: 336: 334: 330: 326: 317: 312: 305: 303: 301: 297: 294: 288: 285: 280: 278: 272: 268: 264: 262: 258: 254: 250: 246: 242: 232: 225: 220: 218: 215: 211: 207: 202: 200: 196: 191: 187: 183: 180:and advanced 179: 176: 172: 162: 158: 154: 150: 146: 142: 137: 133: 129: 125: 121: 117: 113: 110: 108:Primary users 106: 102: 98: 95: 91: 88: 86: 82: 78: 74: 71: 67: 64: 60: 55: 48: 43: 38: 33: 19: 5690: 5572: 4696: 4542: 4541: 4505: 4501: 4478: 4466: 4451: 4436: 4429: 4411: 4404: 4384: 4377: 4368: 4353: 4347:Bibliography 4336: 4327: 4318: 4309: 4290: 4284: 4267: 4261: 4249:. Retrieved 4245:the original 4240: 4230: 4221: 4207: 4196:. Retrieved 4167:. Retrieved 4163: 4153: 4141:. Retrieved 4136: 4127: 4115:. Retrieved 4100: 4091: 4079:. Retrieved 4065: 4053:. Retrieved 4045:The Guardian 4044: 4034: 4026: 4011: 4003: 3989: 3981: 3966: 3958: 3944: 3936: 3922: 3914: 3900: 3892: 3865: 3850: 3842: 3811: 3797: 3785:. Retrieved 3779: 3769: 3756: 3746: 3737: 3728: 3714: 3700: 3687: 3677: 3669: 3654: 3646: 3632: 3624: 3610: 3602: 3587: 3575:. Retrieved 3566: 3557: 3549: 3534: 3527:The Guardian 3526: 3511: 3503: 3488: 3476:. Retrieved 3467: 3458: 3449: 3441: 3427: 3416:. Retrieved 3407: 3387: 3378:"Alpha Jet." 3362: 3348: 3340: 3326: 3318: 3292: 3284: 3270: 3262: 3247: 3238: 3224: 3216: 3202: 3194: 3180: 3171: 3159:. Retrieved 3145: 3133:. Retrieved 3119: 3111: 3096: 3088: 3073: 3065: 3051: 3043: 3018: 3013: 2977: 2972: 2964: 2937: 2929: 2915: 2907: 2882: 2855: 2841: 2833: 2819: 2811: 2776: 2767:"Alpha Jet." 2743: 2734:"Alpha Jet." 2708: 2624: 2599: 2590: 2551: 2542: 2533: 2525: 2516:"Alpha Jet." 2486: 2467:Kawasaki T-4 2430: 2429: 2418: 2417: 2333: 2328:cluster bomb 2320: 2303: 2289: 2283: 2274:Mauser BK-27 2269: 2261: 2259: 2254:Landing run: 2253: 2247: 2241: 2234: 2228: 2222: 2216: 2210: 2205:Ferry range: 2204: 2179: 2155:Stall speed: 2154: 2148: 2141: 2139: 2125: 2119: 2113: 2107: 2101: 2094:Aspect ratio 2092: 2086: 2080: 2074: 2068: 2062: 2055: 2053: 2049: 2046: 2045: 1972: 1945: 1849: 1848:- 3 (Former 1786: 1621:414 Squadron 1533: 1529: 1513: 1507: 1503: 1499: 1489: 1483: 1477: 1473: 1469: 1459: 1449: 1393: 1389: 1375: 1367: 1327: 1315:Eric Schmidt 1298: 1295:Flying Bulls 1294: 1283: 1271: 1218: 1214: 1212: 1207: 1193: 1178: 1172:receiver, a 1161: 1159: 1150: 1139:Alpha Jet 1B 1138: 1136: 1115: 1107: 1095:decapitation 1083: 1067: 1063: 1056: 1026: 1021:Kaduna State 1001:Flying Bulls 1000: 993: 969: 944: 919: 917: 908: 904: 900: 889: 876:RAF Fairford 836: 820: 810: 808: 801: 799: 791: 768: 760: 756: 750: 725:Mauser BK-27 709: 666: 659: 654: 644: 628:Martin-Baker 626:in place of 614:, different 601: 565: 548:landing gear 539: 535: 521: 510: 501: 489: 487: 457: 453: 449: 447: 438: 435: 421: 388: 377: 345: 321: 289: 281: 273: 269: 265: 237: 203: 198: 175:light attack 170: 168: 160:First flight 144:Manufactured 131:Number built 85:Manufacturer 66:Light attack 5578:Projekt 621 4804:Mystère III 4782:2000N/2000D 4717:Étendard VI 4712:Étendard IV 4707:Étendard II 4251:20 November 3603:Daily Trust 3230:"Ace Guard" 2462:Hongdu JL-8 2284:Hardpoints: 2278:DEFA cannon 2142:Performance 2126:Powerplant: 1912:Ivory Coast 1528:; known as 1504:Alpha Jet 3 1470:Alpha Jet 2 1462:Alpha Jet E 1452:Alpha Jet A 1444:Alpha Jet E 1410:during the 1311:Sergey Brin 1272:Swiss firm 1231:rangefinder 1227:Thomson-CSF 1110:Borno State 1103:Borno State 1091:Borno State 913:Fiat G91R/3 901:Alpha Jet A 811:Alpha Jet 3 757:Alpha Jet E 721:DEFA cannon 592:pressurised 572:aerodynamic 502:Alpha Jet 2 462:Matra Magic 450:Alpha Jet 2 325:Saint-Cloud 221:Development 217:operators. 182:jet trainer 5732:Categories 4880:Mystere 20 4875:Mystere 10 4865:Hirondelle 4860:Communauté 4809:Mystère IV 4799:Mystère II 4405:AirVectors 4198:2019-06-03 4188:"Top Aces" 3567:DefenseWeb 3418:2016-01-01 3161:3 November 3135:3 November 2490:References 2452:CASA C-101 2338:Drop tanks 2272:One 27 mm 2211:Endurance: 2087:Wing area: 1307:Larry Page 1168:system, a 1075:Boko Haram 689:hardpoints 634:(ECM) and 612:yaw damper 498:helicopter 249:supersonic 103:In service 5598:See also 5588:S-Ray 007 5573:Alpha Jet 5461:post-1945 5233:1933-1945 5111:(project) 5072:1919-1933 5004:1914-1919 4794:Mystère I 4697:Alpha Jet 4524:cite book 4445:0306-5634 4301:0306-5634 4276:0306-5634 4117:1 January 3577:1 January 3478:1 January 2526:Dassault. 2304:Missiles: 2223:g limits: 2075:Wingspan: 2047:Data from 1973:Luftwaffe 1946:Luftwaffe 1850:Luftwaffe 1839:Australia 1789:aircraft) 1787:Luftwaffe 1553:Operators 976:Fiat G.91 961:Mirage 5s 892:Luftwaffe 712:man hours 669:autopilot 655:Larzac 04 640:hardpoint 584:hydraulic 580:area rule 496:and anti- 425:composite 373:telemetry 353:Marseille 277:Fiat G.91 204:Both the 147:1973–1991 40:Alpha Jet 18:Alpha-Jet 5758:Twinjets 5654:(Attack) 5568:Aerodyne 4702:Balzac V 4685:Military 4588:aircraft 4586:Dassault 4192:Archived 4111:Archived 4109:. ACIG. 4075:Archived 4049:Archived 4020:Archived 3997:Archived 3975:Archived 3952:Archived 3930:Archived 3908:Archived 3886:Archived 3859:Archived 3836:Archived 3761:Archived 3692:Archived 3663:Archived 3640:Archived 3618:Archived 3596:Archived 3571:Archived 3543:Archived 3520:Archived 3497:Archived 3472:Archived 3435:Archived 3412:Archived 3381:Archived 3356:Archived 3334:Archived 3312:Archived 3278:Archived 3256:Archived 3210:Archived 3188:Archived 3155:Archived 3129:Archived 3105:Archived 3082:Archived 3059:Archived 3037:Archived 2958:Archived 2923:Archived 2901:Archived 2876:Archived 2849:Archived 2827:Archived 2805:Archived 2770:Archived 2737:Archived 2702:Archived 2519:Archived 2447:BAE Hawk 2346:See also 2290:Rockets: 2262:Armament 2134:turbofan 1935:Portugal 1776:Thailand 1617:Top Aces 1587:Cameroon 1534:The Rain 1530:Al-Ghait 1418:Variants 1383:— 1286:Top Aces 1181:Top Aces 963:under a 947:Gulf War 650:turbofan 599:system. 408:Lockheed 333:Bordeaux 296:turbofan 214:Cold War 116:Top Aces 5717:B.JTh.2 5707:B.JF.13 5583:Seastar 5207:Libelle 5192:Delphin 4994:Dornier 4870:Mercure 4834:Spirale 4824:Ouragan 4727:Flamant 4594:Numeric 4169:26 June 4143:26 June 4081:3 March 3787:19 July 2081:Height: 2069:Length: 1969:QinetiQ 1889:Germany 1866:Belgium 1706:Nigeria 1683:Morocco 1563:QinetiQ 1508:Lancier 1235:databus 1121:Belgium 1037:Liberia 1007:Nigeria 958:Belgian 951:Italian 940:gun pod 915:fleet. 884:England 866:Germany 717:gun pod 703:in the 675:, or a 365:Bavaria 226:Origins 139:History 5712:B.JL.2 5563:928JET 5558:728JET 5543:328JET 5533:Do 231 5523:Do 132 5518:Do 131 5503:Do 32K 5450:P.1075 5378:Do 635 5373:Do 435 5368:Do 417 5363:Do 335 5358:Do 318 5353:Do 317 5348:Do 217 5343:Do 216 5338:Do 215 5333:Do 214 5328:Do 212 5212:Merkur 5021:Rs.III 4885:Falcon 4829:Rafale 4814:nEUROn 4732:Mirage 4671:MD.610 4666:MD.550 4661:MD.455 4656:MD.454 4651:MD.453 4646:MD.452 4641:MD.450 4636:MD.415 4631:MD.410 4626:MD.320 4621:MD.316 4616:MD.315 4611:MD.312 4606:MD.311 4601:MD.303 4512: 4485: 4477:(ed). 4458: 4443: 4418: 4391: 4360: 4299: 4274: 4055:12 Dec 2457:IAR-99 2334:Other: 2321:Bombs: 2314:; two 2310:; two 2132:04-C5 1986: 1959: 1932: 1909: 1886: 1863: 1836: 1808: 1773: 1750: 1739:(RIAT) 1703: 1680: 1660:France 1657: 1634: 1610:Canada 1607: 1584: 1524:300SL 1518:Sperry 1404:Meknes 1352:Others 1313:, and 1305:execs 1303:Google 1200:Helwan 954:F-104s 886:, 1991 765:French 739:France 728:cannon 699:, and 616:brakes 554:Design 400:Helwan 349:Istres 100:Status 5691:B.J.7 5686:B.J.6 5681:B.J.5 5676:B.J.4 5671:B.J.3 5666:B.J.2 5661:B.J.1 5508:Do 34 5498:Do 32 5493:Do 31 5488:Do 29 5483:Do 28 5478:Do 27 5473:Do 25 5468:Do 24 5445:P.273 5440:P.256 5435:P.254 5430:P.252 5425:P.247 5420:P.238 5415:P.232 5410:P.231 5405:P.192 5400:P.184 5395:P.174 5323:Do 29 5318:Do 26 5313:Do 25 5308:Do 24 5303:Do 23 5298:Do 22 5293:Do 20 5288:Do 19 5283:Do 18 5275:Do 17 5270:Do 16 5265:Do 15 5260:Do 14 5255:Do 13 5250:Do 12 5245:Do 11 5240:Do 10 5217:Spatz 5202:Komet 5197:Falke 5056:Gs.II 5036:CL.II 5026:Rs.IV 5016:Rs.II 4853:Civil 4504:[ 2495:Notes 2270:Guns: 2063:Crew: 1753:Qatar 1637:Egypt 1542:flare 1538:chaff 1223:Sagem 1204:Egypt 1190:Egypt 1143:SABCA 761:Ecole 677:radar 404:Egypt 384:flaps 380:SABCA 359:from 329:Paris 199:TA501 173:is a 5602:and 5390:P.85 5385:P.59 5185:Do Y 5180:Do X 5175:Do V 5170:Do U 5165:Do T 5160:Do S 5155:Do R 5150:Do Q 5145:Do P 5140:Do O 5135:Do N 5130:Do L 5125:Do K 5120:Do J 5115:Do H 5109:Do G 5104:Do F 5099:Do E 5094:Do D 5089:Do C 5084:Do B 5079:Do A 5051:Gs.I 5041:CS.I 5031:CL.I 5011:Rs.I 4925:2000 4787:4000 4777:2000 4742:IIIV 4692:AFVG 4530:link 4510:ISBN 4483:ISBN 4456:ISBN 4441:ISSN 4416:ISBN 4389:ISBN 4358:ISBN 4297:ISSN 4272:ISSN 4253:2017 4171:2022 4145:2022 4119:2016 4083:2017 4057:2013 3937:RUAG 3789:2021 3579:2016 3480:2016 3163:2017 3137:2017 2306:Two 2298:CRV7 2294:SNEB 2128:2 × 1811:Togo 1400:COIN 1336:for 1319:NASA 1297:and 1241:and 1087:Bama 974:and 965:NATO 956:and 897:Beja 890:The 858:and 830:and 800:The 775:and 751:The 530:and 448:The 208:and 169:The 68:and 62:Type 5652:B.J 5553:528 5548:428 5538:328 5528:228 5513:128 5222:Wal 5061:V 1 5046:D.I 4950:10X 4920:900 4915:200 4910:100 4737:III 3781:BBC 3504:CNN 2098:4.8 2037:by 1506:or 1321:'s 1174:HUD 1170:GPS 439:MS2 178:jet 134:480 5734:: 4945:8X 4940:7X 4935:6X 4930:5X 4905:50 4900:30 4895:20 4890:10 4767:F2 4762:F1 4757:50 4747:IV 4551:. 4526:}} 4522:{{ 4403:, 4239:. 4190:. 4179:^ 4162:. 4135:. 4047:. 4043:. 3873:^ 3825:^ 3778:. 3759:. 3755:. 3736:. 3690:. 3686:. 3565:. 3466:. 3406:. 3395:^ 3370:^ 3301:^ 3153:. 3026:^ 3001:^ 2985:^ 2946:^ 2890:^ 2863:^ 2784:^ 2751:^ 2716:^ 2683:^ 2665:^ 2651:^ 2633:^ 2608:^ 2578:^ 2560:^ 2502:^ 1723:A 1561:A 1348:. 1309:, 1253:. 1202:, 1157:. 1105:. 1101:, 1089:, 1019:, 942:. 882:, 878:, 854:, 763:, 695:, 671:, 642:. 473:. 445:. 402:, 363:, 351:, 327:, 302:. 5636:e 5629:t 5622:v 4986:e 4979:t 4972:v 4772:G 4752:5 4578:e 4571:t 4564:v 4532:) 4518:. 4489:. 4462:. 4447:. 4422:. 4395:. 4364:. 4303:. 4278:. 4255:. 4215:. 4201:. 4173:. 4147:. 4121:. 4085:. 4059:. 3791:. 3740:. 3581:. 3482:. 3421:. 3232:. 3165:. 3139:. 2330:) 2096:: 2065:2 1999:. 1548:. 1540:- 1532:( 1520:/ 1510:. 1496:. 1476:( 1364:. 456:( 92:/ 34:. 20:)

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