2068:
120:
2062:
845:
984:
992:
25:
756:, Queipul and Catrihuala decided to form an alliance. The Huilliche Rebellion of 1792 ensued, beginning with the pillaging of haciendas and missions, and with the ultimate aim of attacking Valdivia, which despite being well defended from the north and west, seemed vulnerable to a land attack from the southeast.
1259:"Noticia de las principales expediciones hechas por nuestras pilotos del Departamiento de San Blas al reconocimiento de la costa noroeste de America, desde el año de 1774 hasta el 1791, extractada de los diarios originales de aquellos navegantes", Novo y Colson, Viaje, p.428; cited in Warren L. Cook,
654:
A short time later, on 14 October 1788, Malaspina was informed of the government's acceptance of his plan. José de
Espinoza y Tello, one of the officers of the Malaspina expedition, subsequently confirmed the importance of the information sent by O'Higgins in stimulating the Government to initiate an
463:
mountains separating
Argentina and Chile during the winter of 1763–64, O'Higgins conceived the idea of a chain of weatherproof shelters. By 1766, thanks to O'Higgins' efficient execution of this plan, Chile enjoyed all-year overland postal service with Argentina, which had previously been cut off for
591:
He focused on developing the resources of the country, with an enlightened policy that accomplished much for
Spanish interest, but also paved the way for later events in the country's history. He improved communications and trade with other Spanish colonies, based on a growing agricultural base. He
1263:
New Haven and London, Yale
University Press, 1973, p.115, and in Robert J. King, "Ambrose Higgins and the Malaspina Expedition", presented at the International Conference of the Association of Iberian and Latin American Studies of Australasia (AILASA 99), La Trobe University, Melbourne, July 1999.
705:
to the north, and to request intervention by the
Governor of Valdivia, Mariano Pusterla. The latter had good relations with the Huilliches of Río Bueno and Ranco because of his support for peaceful contact coupled with a religious mission, and refused to establish any new fort in the territory. On
899:(son of Roger O'Higgins, of Ballynary, County Sligo, and wife Margaret Brehan), and wife and cousin Margaret O'Higgins (daughter of William O'Higgins and wife Winnifred O'Fallon). Charles O'Higgins' grandfather, Sean Duff O'Higgins, held the Gaelic territorial title of
627:, in the course of a commercial circumnavigation of the world on behalf of the Royal Philippines Company. O'Higgins was military governor there at the time, and six months before had recommended that Spain organize an expedition to the Pacific similar to those led by
1408:. Coleccion de historiadores de Chile y documentos relativos a la historia nacional (in Spanish). Vol. IX (Instituto Chileno de Cultura Hispánica, Academia Chilena de la Historia ed.). Santiago, Chile: Imprenta de La Estrella de Chile. p. 483.
1044:
from 1818 to 1823 when he was forced to resign and go into exile with his mother, sister and son
Demetrio O'Higgins in Peru. Demetrio, who visited his relatives in Summerhill in 1862, had no sons and consequently all his descendants are in the female line.
1283:
Pedro
Normande to Floridablanca, St. Petersburg, 16 February 1787, Archivo Histórico Nacional (Madrid), Estado, legajo 4289; copy held at Library of Congress Manuscripts Division, Foreign Copying Project Reproductions; quoted in Anthony H. Hull,
831:
independence of the
Mapuche-controlled lands. The treaty celebrations were held from 4 March to 7 March, with many banquets of wine and meat being held for the numerous participants. The whole treaty cost 10.897 pesos, which was, according to
435:, where he tried some commercial ventures. From there, O'Higgins proposed to open easy communication between Chile and Mendoza by a way over the Andes, and, his proposition being accepted, he was employed to supervise the project.
871:
and constructing a fort in Pisco. He projected and constructed a new carriage-road from Lima to Callao, and his principal attention during his short administration was directed to the improvement of means of communication.
1025:. Two years later, Isabel married Félix Rodríguez with whom she had a daughter, Rosa Rodríguez Riquelme. Though Ambrosio O'Higgins never saw or officially recognised his son as his legal heir, he paid for his education in
2067:
1013:
women without authorization of the crown. To disregard this law was to risk career and position. It is not known why he did not seek permission, but no marriage ensued even when Isabel became pregnant.
43:
1232:
Paredes C., Mario; Becerra V., Viviana; Donosos Ñ., Gabriel (2021). "Historia de la producción de arroz en Chile. 1920-2020". In
Paredes C., Mario; Becerra V., Viviana; Donosos Ñ., Gabriel (eds.).
1901:
963:
family. Their descendants remain in
Summerhill however; Bridget O'Higgins who died in 1947 was the last in Summerhill to carry the family name as others had emigrated to the US and migrated to
771:
as suspected rebels. After that, the Spaniards considered it appropriate to enter into a new treaty with the Huilliche leaders, and a conference with this object was held in Las Canoas, in
544:
As governor of Chile, one of the most troublesome, poor, and remote of Spanish outposts, O'Higgins was extremely active, promoting the construction of a definitive road between the capital
1841:
556:
in Santiago, improved roads, and erected permanent dikes along the banks of the Mapocho river which regularly flooded Santiago. He founded cities including San Ambrosio de Ballenary, now
713:
was signed between Huilliche chiefs and colonial authorities. This treaty averted invasion from Chiloé, and gave the Huilliches of Osorno support from the Valdivia authorities against
1716:
1946:
759:
Despite the limited extent of this rebellion, which never became a real threat to Valdivia, the Spanish authorities responded to it with rigour. Governor O'Higgins chose Captain
1941:
1007:, almost forty years his junior (she was 18 or 19 at the time, while he was 57 years old). He promised marriage, but colonial law forbade marriage between public officials and
1971:
229:
1686:
2041:
628:
2167:
2016:
1936:
501:
Indians, whom he defeated, recovered big swathes of territory that had been lost by the Spaniards and founding the fort of San Carlos in the south of the province of
663:) to the North Pacific under the command of Grigori I. Mulovsky that had as one of its objectives the claiming of territory on the northwest coast of America around
2157:
1856:
2006:
2147:
1881:
528:(a title in the peerage of Spain, and not to be confused with the family's existing Gaelic title), and promoted him to major-general. Soon afterward he became
1996:
603:
cultivation in Chile during his rule between 1788 and 1796. Rice cultivation in Chile did however only began more than a century after his rule around 1920.
2152:
867:
When war was declared between Britain and Spain in 1797, O'Higgins took active measures for the defense of the coast, strengthening the fortifications of
1246:
Archivo Histórico Nacional (Madrid), Estado, legajo 4289. Also at Archivo Nacional de Chile, Fondo Vicuña Mackenna, vol.304, D, ff. 5–26. Published in
1107:
Ambrosio O'Higgins , primer Marqués de Osorno, primer Marqués de Vallenar, primer Barón de Ballinar, Virrey del Perú, caballero de la orden de Santiago
1053:
There are various towns, bays, and other Spanish discoveries in the Americas which were named after his birthplace during his time as Viceroy, such as
596:
system whereby natives were forced to work the land for the crown, an act reinforced by royal decree in 1791. He was made lieutenant-general in 1794.
2132:
706:
the other hand, the Governor of Chiloé, Francisco Hurtado, supported a hard line against the Huilliches and threatened them with military invasion.
1761:
2021:
655:
extensive program of exploration in the Pacific. The prompt acceptance of O'Higgins's and Malaspina's proposal was also stimulated by news from
1966:
1831:
1679:
1926:
2162:
386:, Ireland. He was the son of Charles O'Higgins and his wife (and kinswoman) Margaret O'Higgins, who were forced off their lands in 1654 by
2036:
1886:
1866:
1816:
928:
who migrated to Sligo in the 12th century. As Gaelic nobles they had owned great expanses of land particularly in the Irish counties of
2102:
2097:
1931:
1435:
2127:
2112:
1672:
1389:
61:
1906:
1826:
423:
in 1756. Once there, and for some time, he was an itinerant trader in Venezuela, New Granada, and Peru, but, being investigated by
497:
In 1770 the Governor of Chile appointed him, now in his late forties, captain of a column of cavalry to resist the attacks of the
1846:
1891:
1851:
945:
1520:
1991:
1981:
1590:
1074:
816:
502:
189:
35:
2031:
914:
2137:
2122:
1806:
1399:
804:
794:
2061:
1786:
1776:
2051:
2001:
1771:
1626:
1559:
1210:[Chile in the macrocircuit of yerba mate. Boom and fall of a typical product of the American Southern Cone].
880:
748:. However, abuses in this settlement and a fast advance of new haciendas made several chiefs change their minds. The
253:
1268:
693:
and Valdivia. This caused alarm among the Huilliche of the plains of Osorno, who decided to ally with the Huilliche
2026:
1961:
1916:
1876:
1302:
1034:
682:
676:
476:
355:
1236:. Colección Libros INIA - Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (in Spanish). Vol. 40. pp. 314–379.
2142:
2107:
1911:
1836:
1976:
2117:
1951:
1736:
1579:
1571:
952:
864:(Mexico) in the Spanish empire, the Viceroyship was one of the most prominent posts in all of Spanish America.
861:
798:
391:
177:
132:
1746:
1315:
O’Rorke, T. (1889) "The History of Sligo Town and County Vol. II – Conclusion" (Dublin: Duffy & Company).
775:, in 1793. While in the treaty of Río Bueno the Spanish had been allowed to form haciendas only north of the
725:
and to allow Spaniards to reoccupy Osorno, a city that had been abandoned in 1602. In 1792 O'Higgins rebuilt
1791:
1695:
1615:
1548:
1008:
811:
with the aim of ratifying and renewing the older Treaty of Lonquilmo from 1783. Copying older treaties, the
636:
533:
529:
509:
274:
196:
1514:
1187:
Donoso, Ricardo. (1941) "El Marqués de Osorno, Don Ambrosio Higgins" (Santiago: University of Chile Press).
1921:
1796:
937:
577:
416:
710:
2087:
1986:
1861:
1821:
1811:
1721:
1711:
1607:
1540:
1504:
1403:
241:
1208:"Chile en el macrocircuito de la yerba mate. Auge y caída de un producto típico del Cono Sur americano"
1018:
648:
363:
312:
1498:
875:
He died suddenly after a short illness in 1801, and was interred in the Iglesia de San Pablo, now the
2092:
1956:
1347:
Barbier, Jacques A. "Tradition and Reform in Bourbon Chile: Ambrosio O'Higgins and Public Finances."
1207:
760:
624:
616:
573:
553:
521:
517:
505:. He proved a generous victor, gaining the good-will of the Indians by his humanity and benevolence.
480:
119:
2011:
1751:
1030:
753:
734:
660:
424:
375:
340:
302:
217:
153:
1741:
1731:
1375:
1041:
833:
808:
282:
102:
1871:
1325:
Place Names in Revillagigedo and Gravina Islands: Spanish and Irish heritage of Southeast Alaska
925:
428:
891:
Archives in Spain and Ireland show that Ambrose O'Higgins was the son of Charles O'Higgins, of
1766:
1756:
1726:
1706:
1431:
1385:
1324:
1000:
444:
351:
110:
975:
cemeteries, both within the boundaries of the Roman Catholic parish of Dangan in Summerhill.
1896:
1801:
1781:
1635:
1460:
1099:
876:
722:
569:
513:
491:
405:
1272:
1104:
1004:
941:
853:
545:
472:
420:
387:
165:
451:. He was directly responsible for the establishment of a reliable postal service between
844:
2046:
1022:
960:
906:
764:
718:
656:
581:
401:
347:
336:
2081:
999:
In 1777, Ambrosio O'Higgins became acquainted with the powerful Riquelme family from
812:
772:
726:
639:
to Concepcion in March 1786, and he presumably discussed it with Malaspina while the
585:
561:
549:
1513:
1497:
1122:
1288:
University of Alabama PhD thesis, UMI microfilm, pp. 113–7; and in Warren L. Cook,
956:
896:
664:
552:(part of the layout of which is still in use today), continued the building of the
484:
468:
383:
278:
75:
1449:
1379:
651:, a proposal for an expedition along the lines set out in O'Higgins' memorandum.
1468:(in Spanish). Santiago, Chile: Imprenta Elzeviriana. pp. 165–166 of 1, 006.
1445:
1356:
785:
frontier, the Spaniards now acquired the right to set up haciendas south of it.
776:
745:
698:
512:
promoted him to colonel. He soon rose to be brigadier, and in 1786 the viceroy
1427:
1234:
100 años del cultivo del arroz en Chile en un contexto internacional 1920-2020
910:
702:
694:
690:
632:
620:
600:
593:
498:
471:, another Irish engineer at the service of Spain who was military governor of
400:. Along with other members of his family Ambrose worked in the service of the
475:, convinced him to move to the neighbouring, and less established, colony of
983:
933:
892:
768:
686:
432:
379:
1664:
951:
Due to this encroachment into their land, the O'Higgins family migrated to
767:
and croplands near his marching route, and arrested a large number of male
1454:(in Spanish). Vol. IV. Paris, France: En casa del autor. p. 506.
1286:
Spanish and Russian Rivalry in the North Pacific Regions of the New World,
959:, where they became lowly tenant farmers and worked in the service of the
1265:
1054:
836:, an enormous amount of money, considering the size of Chile's treasury.
828:
781:
741:
714:
557:
452:
448:
412:
1405:
Descripción Histórica y Geografía del Reino de Chile Vol. II (1626–1787)
1212:
Rivar: Revista Iberoamericana de Viticultura, Agroindustria y Ruralidad
1026:
968:
918:
824:
820:
749:
565:
359:
79:
362:
of Peru (1796–1801). He was the father of Chilean independence leader
1079:
1062:
964:
901:
868:
1017:
Isabel gave birth to Ambrosio's only son, Bernardo, in August 1778.
991:
635:. O'Higgins had made this recommendation following the visit of the
419:. As an Irishman and a Catholic, he was able to emigrate legally to
1424:
Paisanos: The Forgotten Irish Who Changed the Face of Latin America
1417:(in Spanish). Santiago, Chile: Imprenta de la Universidad de Chile.
494:
were built in the 1760s to secure communications across the Andes.
339:), was an Irish-Spanish colonial administrator and a member of the
990:
982:
972:
929:
843:
460:
456:
443:
About 1760, O'Higgins enrolled in the Spanish Imperial Service as
1290:
Flood Tide of Empire: Spain and the Pacific Northwest, 1543 1819,
857:
685:, and Ambrosio O'Higgins had been ordered to open a route over
298:
1668:
1149:
The National Genealogical Office (Dublin), MS 165. pp. 396–399.
1113:
Santiago, Publicaciones de la Universidad de Chile, 1942 p.53).
1061:, later Hispanicized to Vallenar) in Chile and Vallenar Bay in
508:
He rose quickly in the ranks. On 7 September 1777, the viceroy
415:, where he dedicated himself to commerce as an employee of the
325:
Ambrosio Bernardo O'Higgins y O'Higgins, 1st Marquess of Osorno
1474:
490:
Following the designs of O'Higgins the mountain huts known as
18:
721:. At that point the Huilliches offered to facilitate the new
520:. In 1788, in return for his efforts in South America, King
479:
as his assistant. He was initially commissioned as a junior
1384:(in Spanish). Vol. VI. Santiago, Chile: Rafael Jover.
948:
ca. 1654, the O'Higgins' lands became smaller and smaller.
944:, and the deportation of tenants to County Sligo after the
560:(1789); Villa de San Francisco de Borja de Combarbalá, now
647:
return to Spain, Malaspina produced, in partnership with
819:, while the possession of the land was reserved for the
860:
and Chile. As Peru was the second richest colony after
740:
The treaty also allowed Spaniards to settle and form
378:, Ambrose was born at his family's ancestral seat in
1021:
would later lead Chile to its independence from the
308:
288:
268:
263:
247:
235:
223:
213:
195:
183:
171:
159:
149:
130:
100:
1451:Historia física y política de Chile (1749–1808)
905:or Lord of Ballinary, and he was married to an
86: and the second or maternal family name is
1292:New Haven, Yale University Press, 1973, p.116.
659:of preparations for a Russian expedition (the
584:(1794), and Villa Reina Luisa del Parral, now
580:(1794); Villa de San Ambrosio de Linares, now
1680:
1206:Jeffs Munizaga, José Gabriel (6 March 2017).
1029:and left him a portion of his possessions in
599:O'Higgins was an early proponent of rice and
390:and became tenant farmers at Clondoogan near
8:
1361:Dictionary of Irish Latin American Biography
1340:Clissold, Stephen. "The O'Higgins of Chile"
1160:The History of Sligo Town and County Vol. II
1133:Stephen Clissold, "The O'Higgins of Chile"
667:that was also claimed at the time by Spain.
1227:
1225:
1162:– Conclusion (Dublin: Duffy & Company).
1111:El Marqués de Osorno: Don Ambrosio Higgins,
763:to lead the reprisal. Figueroa set fire to
629:Jean-François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse
1687:
1673:
1665:
1528:
1415:El Marqués de Osorno, Don Ambrosio Higgins
1344:(June 1957) 7#6 pp396–403; father and son.
1137:(June 1957) 7#6 pp396-403; father and son.
827:sovereignty of the King of Spain but in a
459:. On his first harrowing journey over the
118:
97:
62:Learn how and when to remove this message
1462:Diccionario Biográfico Colonial de Chile
1248:Revista chilena de historia y geografía,
1170:
1168:
924:The O'Higgins family were a sept of the
2168:18th-century Spanish military personnel
1145:
1143:
1091:
564:(1789); Villa San Rafael de Rozas, now
1402:(1875). Miguel Luis Amunategui (ed.).
1003:, and fell in love with the daughter,
967:. The O'Higgins graves are located in
815:was confirmed as the sovereign of the
803:The same year, 1793, a new parliament
2158:18th-century Irish military personnel
779:, establishing that watercourse as a
568:(1789); Santa Rosa de los Andes, now
145:24 July 1796 – 18 March 1801
7:
2148:Military personnel from County Sligo
455:colony and the General Captaincy of
16:Irish-Spanish colonial administrator
2153:Irish soldiers in the Spanish Army
38:for Sloppy English needs attention
14:
1499:"Ambrose Bernard O'Higgins"
909:, daughter of the Royal House of
852:In 1796, O'Higgins was appointed
643:was at Concepcion. Following the
2066:
2060:
1475:"The O'Higgins Clan Association"
1040:Bernardo O'Higgins led Chile as
681:In 1784 the Governor of Chiloé,
23:
2133:Spanish people of Irish descent
946:Cromwellian conquest of Ireland
327:(c. 1720 – 19 March 1801) born
209:May 1788 – 16 May 1796
1521:New International Encyclopedia
729:, and as a reward was created
611:In February 1787, the frigate
411:In 1751, O'Higgins arrived at
1:
1459:Medina, José Toribio (1906).
1400:Carvallo y Goyeneche, Vicente
394:
354:(i.e., military governor) of
795:Parliament of Negrete (1793)
464:several months each winter.
78:, the first or paternal
2163:Engineers from County Sligo
1515:"O'Higgins, Ambrosio"
1075:Juan Albano Pereira Márquez
938:expropriations of Catholics
516:appointed him Intendant of
2184:
1303:Annals of the Four Masters
792:
683:Francisco Hurtado del Pino
677:Huilliche uprising of 1792
674:
671:Huilliche uprising of 1792
576:(1792); Nueva Bilbao, now
230:The Count of Floridablanca
73:
2103:19th-century Irish people
2098:18th-century Irish people
2058:
1702:
1653:
1646:
1641:
1634:
1622:
1613:
1603:
1598:
1586:
1577:
1567:
1555:
1546:
1536:
1531:
1381:Historia Jeneral de Chile
1250:no.107, 1946, pp.387–401.
1059:San Ambrosio de Ballenary
856:, comprising present-day
333:Ambrós Bearnárd Ó hUiginn
329:Ambrose Bernard O'Higgins
318:
259:
202:
138:
126:
117:
2128:Irish military engineers
2113:Royal governors of Chile
1696:Royal Governors of Chile
1616:Captain General of Chile
1572:Francisco Gil de Taboada
1413:Donoso, Ricardo (1941).
799:Parliament of Las Canoas
701:valley and those around
392:Summerhill, County Meath
178:Francisco Gil de Taboada
1892:Henríquez de Villalobos
1549:Royal Governor of Chile
1174:Ibañez Vergara, Jorge.
431:Colony, in present-day
197:Royal Governor of Chile
1103:
996:
988:
849:
823:, which resulted in a
731:1st Marquess of Osorno
107:The Marquess of Osorno
2032:Rodríguez Ballesteros
1927:Sánchez de la Barreda
1608:Ambrosio de Benavides
1541:Ambrosio de Benavides
1505:Catholic Encyclopedia
1422:Fanning, Tim (2016).
1351:34.3 (1978): 381-399.
1261:Flood Tide of Empire,
994:
986:
921:until the year 1000.
848:Memorial plaque, Lima
847:
717:by the Aillarehue of
709:In February 1789 the
615:under the command of
526:1st Barón de Ballinar
242:Ambrosio de Benavides
1832:Fernández de Córdoba
917:Castle, which ruled
881:Iglesia de San Pedro
637:Lapérouse expedition
617:Alessandro Malaspina
607:Malaspina Expedition
554:Palacio de la Moneda
540:As Governor of Chile
522:Charles III of Spain
417:Butler Trading House
2138:Marquesses of Spain
2123:Immigrants to Spain
1648:Marquess of Osorno
1532:Government offices
1473:O'Higgins, Thomas.
1376:Barros Arana, Diego
1357:"Ambrose O'Higgins"
1158:O’Rorke, T. (1889)
805:was held in Negrete
789:Parliaments of 1793
711:Treaty of Río Bueno
661:Mulovsky expedition
1992:Álvarez de Acevedo
1982:Álvarez de Acevedo
1792:Merlo de la Fuente
1717:Hurtado de Mendoza
1271:2010-08-19 at the
1176:Demetrio O'Higgins
1123:irishargentine.org
1057:(originally named
1019:Bernardo O'Higgins
997:
995:Bernardo O'Higgins
989:
850:
840:As Viceroy of Peru
834:Diego Barros Arana
689:territory between
649:José de Bustamante
524:created O'Higgins
364:Bernardo O'Higgins
313:Bernardo O'Higgins
103:The Most Excellent
42:You can assist by
2075:
2074:
1663:
1662:
1654:Succeeded by
1623:Succeeded by
1599:Military offices
1587:Succeeded by
1556:Succeeded by
1355:Murray, Edmundo.
1306:, Books IV and V.
1109:(Ricardo Donoso,
809:northern frontier
761:Tomás de Figueroa
574:San José de Maipo
534:Governor of Chile
322:
321:
296:(aged 80–81)
72:
71:
64:
2175:
2143:Spanish generals
2108:Viceroys of Peru
2070:
2064:
1937:Manso de Velasco
1887:González Montero
1867:González Montero
1737:Bravo de Saravia
1689:
1682:
1675:
1666:
1658:
1636:Spanish nobility
1629:
1610:
1604:Preceded by
1593:
1591:Manuel Arredondo
1574:
1568:Preceded by
1562:
1543:
1537:Preceded by
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1525:
1517:
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1501:
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1125:
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30:
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2088:1720s births
1647:
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1614:
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1519:
1503:
1478:. Retrieved
1461:
1450:
1446:Gay, Claudio
1423:
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1380:
1364:. Retrieved
1360:
1349:The Americas
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923:
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897:County Sligo
890:
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752:Tangol from
739:
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665:Nootka Sound
653:
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612:
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578:Constitución
543:
525:
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496:
489:
485:Spanish army
469:John Garland
466:
442:
410:
384:County Sligo
373:
345:
332:
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294:(1801-03-19)
279:County Sligo
249:Succeeded by
204:
185:Succeeded by
140:
95:
90:
87:
83:
76:Spanish name
58:
49:
36:copy editing
34:may require
33:
2093:1801 deaths
1817:De la Cerda
1797:Jaraquemada
1727:P. Villagra
1722:F. Villagra
1712:F. Villagra
979:Descendants
915:Ballintober
777:Bueno River
746:Bueno River
723:Camino Real
719:Quilacahuín
699:Bueno River
695:Aillarehues
445:draughtsman
398: 1721
237:Preceded by
173:Preceded by
2082:Categories
1807:Talaverano
1651:1792–1801
1620:1788–1796
1584:1796–1801
1553:1788–1796
1480:15 October
1428:Gill Books
1426:. Dublin:
1366:15 October
1266:web.viu.ca
953:Summerhill
769:Huilliches
735:Charles IV
703:Lake Ranco
633:James Cook
625:Concepcion
621:Talcahuano
619:called at
601:sugar cane
594:encomienda
562:Combarbalá
550:Valparaíso
518:Concepción
499:Araucanian
404:family of
370:Early life
218:Charles IV
154:Charles IV
44:editing it
1997:O'Higgins
1987:Benavides
1967:Balmaseda
1932:Salamanca
1752:Sotomayor
1643:New title
1098:In full,
934:Westmeath
893:Ballynary
887:Genealogy
862:New Spain
817:Araucanía
754:Río Bueno
742:haciendas
737:in 1796.
687:Huilliche
570:Los Andes
481:subaltern
467:In 1764,
447:and then
433:Argentina
380:Ballynary
275:Ballynary
205:In office
141:In office
91:O'Higgins
84:O'Higgins
2012:Del Pino
1977:Jáuregui
1957:Berroeta
1852:Figueroa
1772:Quiñones
1767:Viscarra
1757:Viscarra
1707:Valdivia
1657:Abeyance
1448:(1848).
1378:(1886).
1269:Archived
1069:See also
1055:Vallenar
883:, Lima.
829:de facto
821:Mapuches
782:de facto
750:caciques
733:by King
645:Astrea's
588:(1795).
572:(1791);
558:Vallenar
546:Santiago
473:Valdivia
453:La Plata
449:engineer
439:In Chile
429:La Plata
309:Children
74:In this
2002:Rezabal
1972:Morales
1912:Ustariz
1877:Meneses
1742:Quiroga
1732:Quiroga
1524:. 1905.
1508:. 1913.
1334:Sources
1100:Spanish
1027:England
1010:criolla
1001:Chillán
969:The Moy
919:Ireland
911:O'Conor
907:O'Conor
825:de jure
807:on the
697:of the
691:Maullín
582:Linares
566:Illapel
483:in the
360:viceroy
283:Ireland
272:c. 1720
214:Monarch
150:Monarch
80:surname
2047:Osorio
2007:Avilés
1942:Ovando
1907:Ibáñez
1882:Dávila
1872:Peredo
1862:Porter
1847:Mujica
1822:Osores
1802:Ribera
1782:Ribera
1434:
1388:
1080:Lebian
1063:Alaska
1049:Legacy
965:Dublin
902:Tiarna
877:Jesuit
869:Callao
773:Osorno
727:Osorno
641:Astrea
613:Astrea
586:Parral
503:Arauco
1897:Garro
1827:Álava
1466:(PDF)
1264:At:
1218:(11).
1086:Notes
1035:Chile
973:Agher
930:Sligo
879:-run
715:raids
477:Chile
461:Andes
457:Chile
413:Cádiz
356:Chile
337:Irish
335:, in
131:36th
1952:Amat
1482:2008
1432:ISBN
1386:ISBN
1368:2008
1033:and
1031:Peru
971:and
932:and
858:Peru
797:and
631:and
532:and
303:Peru
299:Lima
289:Died
269:Born
89:also
1105:Don
955:in
940:by
913:of
350:as
111:KOS
82:is
2084::
1518:.
1502:.
1430:.
1359:.
1224:^
1167:^
1142:^
1102::
1065:.
1037:.
895:,
536:.
487:.
408:.
395:c.
382:,
366:.
343:.
301:,
281:,
277:,
1688:e
1681:t
1674:v
1484:.
1440:.
1394:.
1370:.
1216:4
1178:.
331:(
93:.
65:)
59:(
54:)
50:(
46:.
40:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
