Nativism (politics)

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América do Sul. Japanese Brazilians were prohibited from driving motor vehicles (even if they were taxi drivers), buses or trucks on their property. The drivers employed by Japanese had to have permission from the police. Thousands of Japanese immigrants were arrested or expelled from Brazil on suspicion of espionage. There were many anonymous denunciations because of "activities against national security" arising from disagreements between neighbours, recovery of debts and even fights between children. Japanese Brazilians were arrested for "suspicious activity" when they were in artistic meetings or picnics. On July 10, 1943, approximately 10,000 Japanese and German immigrants who lived in

1529:, a more permanent resolution. This law reduced the number of immigrants able to arrive from 357,803, the number established in the Emergency Quota Act, to 164,687. Though this bill did not fully restrict immigration, it considerably curbed the flow of immigration into the United States, especially from Southern and Eastern Europe. During the late 1920s, an average of 270,000 immigrants were allowed to arrive, mainly because of the exemption of Canada and Latin American countries. Fear of low-skilled Southern and Eastern European immigrants flooding the labor market was an issue in the 1920s, the 1930s, and the first decade of the 21st century (focused on immigrants from 742:. The country encouraged European immigration, but non-white immigration always faced considerable backlash. On July 28, 1921, representatives Andrade Bezerra and Cincinato Braga proposed a law whose Article 1 provided: "The immigration of individuals from the black race to Brazil is prohibited." On October 22, 1923, representative Fidélis Reis produced another bill on the entry of immigrants, whose fifth article was as follows: "The entry of settlers from the black race into Brazil is prohibited. For Asian there will be allowed each year a number equal to 5% of those residing in the country.(...)". 1711: 1754:, poor education and poverty play in creating nativism among the hosts and a caste-type underclass, more similar to white-black tensions in the US. Sociologists Josip Kešić and Jan Willem Duyvendak define nativism as an intense opposition to an internal minority that is portrayed as a threat to the nation because of its different values and priorities. There are three subtypes: secularist nativism; racial nativism; and populist nativism that seeks to restore the historic power and prestige of indigenous elites. 796:

2% of the total number of entrants of each nationality that had been received in the last 50 years. Only the Portuguese were excluded. The measures did not affect the immigration of Europeans such as Italians and Spaniards, who had already entered in large numbers and whose migratory flow was downward. However, immigration quotas, which remained in force until the 1980s, restricted Japanese immigration, as well as Korean and Chinese immigration.

64: 658: 4905: 895:, it is an unbailable crime to address someone in an offensive racist way, and it is illegal to discriminate against someone on the basis of his or her race, skin colour, national or regional origin or nationality; thus, nativism and opposition to multiculturalism would be too much of a polemic and delicate topic to be openly discussed as a basic ideology for even the most right-leaning modern 783:

ours". In 1941 the Brazilian minister of justice, Francisco Campos, defended the ban on the admission of 400 Japanese immigrants into São Paulo writing: "their despicable standard of living is a brutal competition with the country's worker; their selfishness, their bad faith, their refractory character, make them a huge ethnic and cultural cyst located in the richest regions of Brazil".

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which the Republic puts on the intrusion of religious influence on the political arena. These influences have brought vast multitudes of foreign-born citizens to the polls, ignorant of American interests, without American feelings, influenced by foreign sympathies, to vote on American affairs; and those votes have, in point of fact, accomplished the present result.

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became notorious for the prevalence of nativist viewpoints in the 16th century, and conditions worsened in the 1580s. Many European immigrants became disillusioned by routine threats of assault, numerous attempts at passing legislation calling for the expulsion of foreigners, and the great difficulty

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For the Poles in the mining districts of western Germany before 1914, nationalism (on both the German and the Polish sides) kept Polish workers, who had established an associational structure approaching institutional completeness (churches, voluntary associations, press, even unions), separate from

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questioned about allowing Palatine refugees to settle in Pennsylvania. He was concerned about the potential consequences of their arrival, particularly regarding the preservation of Pennsylvania's English identity and heritage. He questioned whether it was prudent for a colony established by English

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an intense opposition to an internal minority on the grounds of its foreign (i.e., “un-American”) connections. Specific nativist antagonisms may and do, vary widely in response to the changing character of minority irritants and the shifting conditions of the day; but through each separate hostility

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spread in the mid-1920s from the U.S. to parts of Canada, especially Saskatchewan, where it helped topple the Liberal government. The Klan creed was, historian Martin Robin argues, in the mainstream of Protestant Canadian sentiment, for it was based on "Protestantism, separation of Church and State,

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of people of immigrant origin in Brazil. In 1933, a constitutional amendment was approved by a large majority and established immigration quotas without mentioning race or nationality and prohibited the population concentration of immigrants. According to the text, Brazil could not receive more than

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O Malho' in its edition of December 5, 1908 issued criticised the Japanese immigrants in the following quote: "The government of São Paulo is stubborn. After the failure of the first Japanese immigration, it contracted 3,000 yellow people. It insists on giving Brazil a race diametrically opposite to

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Since the 1990s France experienced rising levels of Islamic antisemitism and acts. By 2006, rising levels of antisemitism were recorded in French schools. Reports related to the tensions between the children of North African Muslim immigrants and North African Jewish children. In the first half of

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In recent decades distrust of immigrating populations and populism have become major themes in considering political tensions in Europe. Many observers see the post-1950s wave of immigration in Europe as fundamentally different to the pre-1914 patterns. They debate the role of cultural differences,

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Importantly, it’s not just the nativists who are saying this is a battle over values and culture. Their strongest opponents believe this too, and they are not prepared to concede the high ground on what constitutes a “real citizen” to the populists. For them, this is a battle about the rule of law,

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The recent election has developed in an aggravated form every evil against which the American party protested. Foreign allies have decided the government of the country -- men naturalized in thousands on the eve of the election. Again in the fierce struggle for supremacy, men have forgotten the ban

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issued by the police; over 200 Japanese schools were closed and radio equipment was seized to prevent transmissions on short wave from Japan. The goods of Japanese companies were confiscated and several companies of Japanese origin suffered restrictions, including the use of the newly founded Banco

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he jet fuel that’s really feeding the populist firestorm is nativism, the strong belief among an electorally important segment of the population that governments and other institutions should honour and protect the interests of their native-born citizens against the cultural changes being brought

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It is found, in the first place, that the illiteracy test will bear most heavily upon the Italians, Russians, Poles, Hungarians, Greeks, and Asiatics, and lightly, or not at all, upon English-speaking emigrants, or Germans, Scandinavians, and French. In other words, the races most affected by the

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Hans-Georg Betz examines three facets of nativism: economic, welfare, and symbolic. Economic nativism preaches that good jobs ought to be reserved for native citizens. Welfare nativism insists that native citizens should have absolute priority in access to governmental benefits. Symbolic nativism

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In 1933–1939, many people from Nazi Germany, particularly those belonging to minorities which were persecuted under Nazi rule, especially the Jews, sought to emigrate to the United Kingdom. As many as 50,000 may have been successful. There were immigration caps on the number who could enter and,

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the very culture of the bulk of the population of these regions will tend to be primarily Latin-American in nature rather than what is inherited from earlier American traditions ... Could it really be that there was so little of merit that it deserves to be recklessly trashed in favor of a

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illiteracy test are those whose emigration to this country has begun within the last twenty years and swelled rapidly to enormous proportions, races with which the English speaking people have never hitherto assimilated, and who are most alien to the great body of the people of the United States.

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was the first of many nativist acts of Congress which attempted to limit the flow of immigrants into the U.S.. The Chinese responded to it by filing false claims of American birth, enabling thousands of them to immigrate to California. The exclusion of the Chinese caused the western railroads to

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led to the suppression of German cultural activities in the United States, Canada, and Australia. There was little violence, but many places and streets had their names changed (The city of "Berlin" in Ontario was renamed "Kitchener" after a British hero), churches switched to English for their

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led to fears that Catholics were a threat to the national (British) values. In Canada, the Orange Order campaigned vigorously against the Catholics throughout the 19th century, often with violent confrontations. Both sides were immigrants from Ireland and neither side claimed loyalty to Canada.

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Donald Trump's nativism is a fundamental corruption of the founding principles of the Republican Party. Nativists champion the purported interests of American citizens over those of immigrants, justifying their hostility to immigrants by the use of derogatory stereotypes: Mexicans are rapists;

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declared the Japanese surrender and stated that he was not really a deity, which news was seen as a conspiracy perpetrated in order to hurt Japanese honour and strength. Nevertheless, it followed hostility from the government. The Japanese Brazilian community was strongly marked by restrictive

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wing of the Republican Party has become a movement largely against immigration overhaul. The politicians, intellectual leaders and activists who consider themselves part of the Tea Party have redirected their energy from fiscal austerity and small government to stopping any changes that would

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in 1921. This bill was the first to place numerical quotas on immigration. It capped the inflow of immigrations to 357,803 for those arriving outside of the western hemisphere. However, this bill was only temporary, as Congress began debating a more permanent bill. The Emergency Quota Act was

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often proved more hospitable, and many immigrants left London permanently. Nativism emerged in opposition to Irish and Jewish arrivals in the early 20th century. Irish immigrants in Great Britain during the 20th century became estranged from British society, something which Lucassen (2005)

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The nativists went public in 1854 when they formed the "American Party", which was especially hostile to the immigration of Irish Catholics, and campaigned for laws to require longer wait time between immigration and naturalization; these laws never passed. It was at this time that the term

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about by immigration. This, according to the populists, is about protecting the “Real America” (or “Real Britain” or “Real Poland” or “Real France” or “Real Hungary”) from imported influences that are destroying the values and cultures that have made their countries great.

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The term "nativism" was first used by 1844: "Thousands were Naturalized expressly to oppose Nativism, and voted the Polk ticket mainly to that end." Nativism gained its name from the "Native American" parties of the 1840s and 1850s. In this context "Native" does not mean

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calls on the society and government to defend and promote the nation's cultural heritage. Betz argues that economic and welfare themes were historically dominant, but that since the 1990s symbolic nativism has become the focus of radical right-wing populist mobilization.

1310:"We must fight alienism and selfish ecclesiasticism.... The parents, the pastors and the church have entered into a conspiracy to darken the understanding of the children, who are denied by cupidity and bigotry the privilege of even the free schools of the state." 1168:

has suggested that American nativism has been explained primarily in psychological and economic terms due to the neglect of a crucial cultural and ethnic dimension. Furthermore, Kauffman claims that American nativism cannot be understood without reference to an

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movement formed in the 1970s and continues to the present day. Prominent members often press for massive, sometimes total, reductions in immigration levels. American nativist sentiment experienced a resurgence in the late 20th century, this time directed at

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wrote in 2002 he saw "unmistakable evidences of a growing differentiation between the cultures, respectively, of large southern and southwestern regions of this country, on the one hand", and those of "some northern regions". In the former, he warned:

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Hostility of native-born Canadians to competition from English immigrants in the early 20th century was expressed in signs that read, "No English Need Apply!" The resentment came because the immigrants identified more with England than with Canada.

3923:(Mohr Siebeck, 1991). Patriot groups in the UK concerned with two tier policing, the erosion of British culture, mass immigration and a rapid change in demographics are often described as being far right although this is certainly not the case 1265:(1854–1896), while others especially Irish Catholics and Germans, were usually Democratic. Hostility toward Asians was very strong in the Western region from the 1860s to the 1940s. Anti-Catholicism experienced a revival in the 1890s in the 979:

runs the connecting, energizing force of modern nationalism. While drawing on much broader cultural antipathies and ethnocentric judgments, nativism translates them into zeal to destroy the enemies of a distinctively American way of life.

696:) until the 1970s. Taiwanese identity constructed through literature in the post-civil war period led to the gradual acceptance of Taiwan's unique political destiny. This led to a peaceful transition of power from the Kuomintang to the 3308:"Kaufmann, EP, 'American Exceptionalism Reconsidered: Anglo-Saxon Ethnogenesis in The "Universal" Nation, 1776-1850,' Journal of American Studies, 33 (1999), 3, Pp. 437-457 | PDF | Ethnic Groups | Nativism (Politics)" 1260:

The new Republican Party kept its nativist element quiet during the 1860s, since immigrants were urgently needed for the Union Army. European immigrants from England, Scotland, and Scandinavia favored the Republicans during the

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nations, fostered and supported family-based immigration, and thus helped Italians on their immigration trajectory, with minimal nativism. Algerian migration to France has generated nativism, characterized by the prominence of

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Employment: The belief that immigrants acquire jobs that would have otherwise been available to native citizens, limiting native employment, and the belief that immigrants also create a surplus of labor that results in lowered

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in the 2000s. A-chin Hsiau (Author of Politics and Cultural Nativism) claims the origins of Taiwanese national identity to the 1970s, when youth activism transformed society, politics and culture which some are still present.

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in December 2009, the French Interior Minister Hortefeux described the acts of antisemitism as "a poison to our republic". He also announced that he would appoint a special coordinator for fighting racism and antisemitism.

382:, a University of Georgia professor, nativism is a largely American notion that is rarely debated in Western Europe; the word originated with mid-nineteenth-century political parties in the United States, most notably the 1508:

reached wide popularity among Americans and influenced immigration policy in the 1920s. In the 1920s, a wide national consensus sharply restricted the overall inflow of immigrants from southern and eastern Europe. The

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Responding to these demands, opponents of the literacy test called for the establishment of an immigration commission to focus on immigration as a whole. The United States Immigration Commission, also known as the

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Many Australians opposed the influx of Chinese immigrants at time of the nineteenth-century gold rushes. When the separate Australian colonies formed the Commonwealth of Australia in 1901, the new nation adopted

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After 1905, 4000 "Kanakas" were repatriated and the remaining 2500 were pushed out of the canefields by labour unions. Doug Munro, "The Labor Trade in Melanesians to Queensland: An Historiographic Essay,"

1185:, an active Know-Nothing, was elected on the American Party ticket to Congress from Maryland. He told Congress the un-American Irish Catholic immigrants were to blame for the recent election of Democrat 1094:. It impacted politics in the mid-19th century because of the large inflows of immigrants after 1845 from cultures that were different from the existing American culture. Nativists objected primarily to 2873: 2192: 4316:. Examines Irish immigrants in Britain, Polish immigrants in Germany, Italian immigrants in France (before 1940), and (since 1950), Caribbeans in Britain, Turks in Germany, and Algerians in France 3238: 1504:

of the United States. In his book, Grant argued that the American racial stock was being diluted by the influx of new immigrants from the Mediterranean, Ireland, the Balkans, and the ghettos.

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to exclude workers who could not read or write their own foreign language. Congress passed literacy tests, but presidents—responding to business needs for workers—vetoed them. Senator

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had 24 hours to close their homes and businesses and move away from the Brazilian coast. The police acted without any notice. About 90% of people displaced were Japanese. To reside in

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was accused of introducing nativist themes via his controversial stances on temporarily banning foreign Muslims from six specific countries entering the United States, and erecting a

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In the 1890s–1920s era, nativists and labor unions campaigned for immigration restriction following the waves of workers and families from Southern and Eastern Europe, including the

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in 1890, as the state government passed a law that threatened to close down hundreds of German-language elementary schools. Catholic and Lutheran Germans rallied to defeat Governor

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were often distrusted because of their separatist social structure, their German-language schools, their attachment to their native tongue over English, and their neutrality during

2275: 3830: 2207: 692:, Taiwan became a sanctuary for Chinese nationalists who followed a Western ideology, fleeing from communists. The new arrivals governed through the Chinese Nationalist Party ( 2759:

Sharma, Nandita. "Migrants and indigeneity: Nationalism, nativism and the politics of place." Routledge International Handbook of Migration Studies. Routledge, 2019. 246-257.

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Fetzer, Joel S. (January 2000), "Economic self-interest or cultural marginality? Anti-immigration sentiment and nativist political movements in France, Germany and the USA",

2260: 1606:'s immigration policies, which it saw as a threat to transform American society. It planned to defeat leading Republicans who supported immigration programs, such as Senator 4247:

Betz, Hans-Georg. "Against the 'Green Totalitarianism': Anti-Islamic Nativism in Contemporary Radical Right-Wing Populism in Western Europe," in Christina Schori Liang, ed.

3401:(1974); Terrence G. Wiley, "The Imposition of World War I Era English-Only Policies and the Fate of German in North America," in Barbara Burnaby and Thomas K. Ricento, eds. 799:

During World War II they were seen as more loyal to their countries of origin than to Brazil. In fact, there were violent revolts in the Japanese community of the states of

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the host German society. Lucassen found that religiosity and nationalism were more fundamental in generating nativism and inter-group hostility than the labor antagonism.

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Hostility to the Chinese and other Asians was intense, and involved provincial laws that hindered immigration of Chinese and Japanese and blocked their economic mobility.

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were strong supporters of Chinese exclusion and limits on immigration, because of fears that they would lower wages and make it harder for workers to organize unions.

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Dennis Kearney, President, and H. L. Knight, Secretary, "Appeal from California. The Chinese Invasion. Workingmen’s Address," Indianapolis Times, 28 February 1878.

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Daniel Renshaw, "What Makes a 'Good' Migrant? The division of migrants into those who are of benefit to British society and those who are not has a long history."

780:, a Brazilian jurist, historian and sociologist described the Japanese immigrants as follows: "They (Japanese) are like sulfur: insoluble". The Brazilian magazine 1622:

What started five years ago as a groundswell of conservatives committed to curtailing the reach of the federal government, cutting the deficit and countering the

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and São Paulo, a subsequent debate in the population was concerned with the reasons why Brazil has such lax laws and enforcement concerning illegal immigration.

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Smith, Peter. "Recalling Bloody Monday; Events to mark 1855 anti-immigrant riots in city," The Courier-Journal, Louisville, Ky. (July 30, 2005); Crews, Clyde:

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Minkenberg, Michael. "The Radical Right and Anti-Immigrant Politics in Liberal Democracies since World War II: Evolution of a Political and Research Field."

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Hoard, a Republican, was defeated by the Democrats. A similar campaign in Illinois regarding the "Edwards Law" led to a Republican defeat there in 1890.

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services, and German Americans were forced to buy war bonds to show their patriotism. In Australia thousands of Germans were put into internment camps.

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https://www.pbs.org/speak/seatosea/officialamerican/englishonly/#:~:text=The%20English%2Donly%20nativists%20who,English%20majority%20in%20the%20colony

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have also seen recent Hispanic immigration as creating a national identity crisis and presenting insurmountable problems for US social institutions.

550:, although the country remained home to many long-established Chinese families dating from before the adoption of White Australia. By contrast, most 4584: 2472: 2285: 2042: 642: 3718: 4604: 4589: 2187: 721: 2886:...it is these people – condemned as "queue-jumpers" by the public and politicians alike – who have pushed simmering resentment to boiling point. 1586:

David Mayers argues that Kennan represented the "tradition of militant nativism" that resembled or even exceeded the Know Nothings of the 1850s.

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PhD U. of California, Santa Barbara 1995. 374 pp. DAI 1996 56(8): 3277–78-A. DA9542027 Fulltext: online at ProQuest Dissertations & Theses

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subsequently, some applicants were turned away. When the UK declared war on Germany in 1939, however, migration between the countries ceased.

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in 1834 (no one was injured). In the 1840s, small scale riots between Roman Catholics and nativists took place in several American cities. In

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Ross McCormack, "Cloth Caps and Jobs: The Ethnicity of English Immigrants in Canada, 1900–1914," in Jorgan Dahlie and Tissa Fernando, eds.

2758: 1692:, nativist, avowedly protectionist, and semi-isolationist party that is skeptical of immigration, free trade, and military interventionism. 1487: 1246: 1245:

in 1844, for example, a series of nativist assaults on Roman Catholic churches and community centers resulted in the loss of lives and the

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Antipathy of native-born white Australians toward British and Irish immigrants in the late 19th century was manifested in a new party, the

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were deported soon after the policy was adopted, while the remainder were forced out of the canefields where they had worked for decades.

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party, which saw Catholic immigration from nations such as Germany and Ireland as a serious threat to native-born Protestant Americans.

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measures. In the United States, nativism does not refer to a movement led by Native Americans, also referred to as American Indians.

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Darrell Bricker, “Next: Where to Live, What do Buy, and Who Will Lead Canada’s Future,” HarperCollins Publishers, 2020, pp. 166-167

3039:"Uma análise da imigração (in) desejável a partir da legislação brasileira: promoção, restrição e seleção na política imigratória" 2432: 2202: 1475: 1126: 599: 287: 1558: 4658: 4431: 3988: 3694: 2357: 2330: 1780:, integration was open for most Italian immigrants. The French state, which was always more of an immigration state than other 1443: 1266: 1013:

Nativism was a political factor in the 1790s and in the 1830s–1850s. Nativism became a major issue in the late 1790s, when the

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Josip Kešić and Jan Willem Duyvendak, "The nation under threat: secularist, racial and populist nativism in the Netherlands,

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McLaughlin, Robert. "Irish Nationalism and Orange Unionism in Canada: A Reappraisal," Éire-Ireland 41.3&4 (2007) 80–109

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measures when Brazil declared war against Japan in August 1942. Japanese Brazilians could not travel the country without

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It affected the Japanese more harshly, because they were Asian, and thus seen as an obstacle to the whitening of Brazil.

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speakers, and the second-most of German), and were seen as particularly likely to form ghettos and to have high rates of

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2009, an estimated 631 recorded acts of antisemitism took place in France, more than the whole of 2008. Speaking to the

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pure patriotism, restrictive and selective immigration, one national public school, one flag and one language—English."

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Language: The belief that immigrants isolate themselves in their own communities and refuse to learn the local language.

440:. In situations where immigrants greatly outnumber the original inhabitants, nativists seek to prevent cultural change. 35: 825:, the Japanese had to have a safe conduct. In 1942, the Japanese community who introduced the cultivation of pepper in 4975: 4925: 4793: 4610: 3592: 2422: 2182: 1161: 922: 129: 404:, opposition to immigration commonly arises in many countries because of issues of national, cultural, and religious 4120: 2664:

Anbinder, (2006); Barkan, (2003); Betz, (2007); Higham, (1955); Lucassen, (2005); Palmer, (1992); and Schrag, (2010)

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by trying to strictly limit immigration, and stretching the time to 14 years for citizenship. At the time of the

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Barkan, Elliott R. "Return of the Nativists? California Public Opinion and Immigration in the 1980s and 1990s."

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Modern-Day Xenophobia: Critical Historical and Theoretical Perspectives on the Roots of Anti-Immigrant Prejudice

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in the 1870s that incited attacks on the Chinese there and threatened public officials and railroad owners. The

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Patriotism: The belief that immigrants damage a nation's sense of community based on ethnicity and nationality.

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Minjoo Party, a nationalist, anti-immigration, pro-Chinese, Ukraine-indifferent, none-too-LGBT-friendly party

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Mclean, Lorna. "'To Become Part of Us': Ethnicity, Race, Literacy and the Canadian Immigration Act of 1919".

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Culture: The belief that immigrants will outnumber the native population and replace its culture with theirs.

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Charles S. Blackton, "Australian Nationality and Nativism: The Australian Natives' Association, 1885–1901,"

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Groenfeldt, D. "The future of indigenous values: cultural relativism in the face of economic development",

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D. Groenfeldt, "The future of indigenous values: cultural relativism in the face of economic development,"

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McLaughlin, Robert (Fall–Winter 2006). "Irish Nationalism and Orange Unionism in Canada: A Reappraisal".

773:(in Brazil, it is regarded as usual for people of different backgrounds to marry), among other concerns. 4848: 4781: 4549: 4476: 4471: 4461: 4418: 2446: 2427: 2352: 2347: 2240: 2235: 2167: 2101: 2094: 2035: 1958: 1912: 1827: 1798: 1541: 1471: 1412: 1337: 1118: 1026: 938: 881: 849: 480: 231: 226: 185: 3806: 818: 63: 4280:"Allochthons" means giving welfare benefits only to those groups that are considered to "truly belong" 1741:

making English the official language of the United States, but it received limited political support.

1177:"nativist" first appeared, as their opponents denounced them as "bigoted nativists". Former President 1148:

from the 1830s to the 1850s, primarily in response to a surge of Irish Catholic immigration. In 1836,

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American Exceptionalism Reconsidered: Anglo-Saxon Ethnogenesis in the 'Universal' Nation, 1776–1850,

457:: The belief that immigrants do not pay enough taxes to cover the cost of the services they require. 4990: 4753: 4731: 4726: 4673: 4539: 3588: 2868: 2564:"The Rise and Fall of the New Nativism: Economic Forces, Ethnic Politics and US Immigration Policy" 2397: 2387: 2382: 2116: 2074: 2025: 1922: 1900: 1895: 1850: 1667: 1627:

legitimize people who are here illegally, either through granting them citizenship or legal status.

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settlers to be overwhelmed by newcomers who might not integrate into English culture and language.

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migrating from India entered the province, becoming a majority in the provincial capital city of

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Alexander W. Schmidt-Catran, and Dennis C. Spies, "Immigration and welfare support in Germany."

1419:, nativists in the 1920s focused their attention on Southern and Eastern Europeans due to their 1045:. In 1800, Jefferson was elected president, and removed most of the anti-immigrant legislation. 3955:

Jensen, Richard. "Comparative Nativism: The United States, Canada and Australia, 1880s–1910s,"

3148:

Concentration Camps North America: Japanese in the United States and Canada During World War II

4823: 4704: 4309: 4299:

Identity and Intolerance: Nationalism, Racism, and Xenophobia in Germany and the United States

4268:

Ceuppens, Bambi. "Allochthons, Colonizers, and Scroungers: Exclusionary Populism in Belgium,"

4221:

White Canada Forever: Popular Attitudes and Public Policy toward Orientals in British Columbia

4182: 4072:

Identity and Intolerance: Nationalism, Racism, and Xenophobia in Germany and the United States

4040: 3845: 3606: 3596: 3580: 3443: 3144:

White Canada Forever: Popular Attitudes and Public Policy toward Orientals in British Columbia

2575: 2342: 2172: 2150: 2111: 2030: 1845: 1786: 1639:

Public Affairs, argues nativism is the root cause of the early 21st century wave of populism.

1420: 1398: 1091: 1018: 1001: 877: 869: 804: 788: 766: 762: 750: 725: 689: 355: 221: 194: 4020:

Race, Radicalism, Religion, and Restriction: Immigration in the Pacific Northwest, 1890–1924.

3437: 3220:

Do you speak American . Sea to shining Sea . Official American . English only | PBS. (n.d.).

1568:

Despite the fact that, Mexican people descend from actual natives to the region, when noting

1474:

stance in relation to the growing political, economic, and social uncertainty related to the

4874: 4758: 4699: 4689: 4273: 3249:

Douglas Bradburn, "A clamor in the public mind: Opposition to the Alien and Sedition Acts."

3161: 3087: 2719: 2477: 2416: 2377: 2250: 1823: 1763: 1730: 1722: 1663: 1573: 1459: 1374: 1345: 1303: 1284: 1278: 1215: 1211: 1178: 1063: 1034: 1014: 908: 857: 822: 746: 731: 551: 303: 251: 246: 205: 164: 4306:

The Immigrant Threat: The Integration of Old and New Migrants in Western Europe since 1850.

3733: 837:. No single suspicion of activities of Japanese against "national security" was confirmed. 4985: 4863: 4635: 4524: 3852: 3662: 3061: 3003:

SUZUKI Jr, Matinas. História da discriminação brasileira contra os japoneses sai do limbo

2318: 1863: 1726: 1632: 1534: 1467: 1386: 1382: 1341: 1130: 865: 761:

immigrants, who conserved their languages and cultures instead of adopting Portuguese and

627: 437: 256: 236: 149: 144: 124: 104: 3893:

Bich Luu Lien, "Taking the Bread Out of Our Mouths": Xenophobia in Early Modern London,"

3192:

A Flannel Shirt and Liberty: British Emigrant Gentlewomen in the Canadian West, 1880–1914

3002: 2537: 1520:

After intense lobbying from the nativist movement, the United States Congress passed the

1401:

argued the need for literacy tests, and described its implication on the new immigrants:

1090:

but rather immigrant descendants of those descended from the inhabitants of the original

27:

Policy of protecting the interests of established inhabitants against those of immigrants

4091:

Hughey, Matthew W. 'Show Me Your Papers! Obama's Birth and the Whiteness of Belonging.'

3717:

John Cassidy, "Donald Trump Is Transforming the G.O.P. into a Populist, Nativist Party.

3498:

Pula, James (Spring 1980). "American Immigration Policy and the Dillingham Commission".

2675:"Immigration and the Welfare State in Canada: Growing Conflicts, Constructive Solutions" 4915: 4833: 4808: 4803: 4716: 4058: 2372: 2131: 2126: 1998: 1993: 1968: 1854: 1781: 1676: 1390: 1186: 1095: 918: 853: 845: 826: 777: 745:

In the 19th and 20th centuries, there were negative feelings toward the communities of

505: 421: 401: 4292:

Russians as the New Minority: Ethnicity and Nationalism in the Soviet Successor States

3055:

Carta Maior – International News Section – Brazil, hope for Haitian illegal immigrants

2976:

RIOS, Roger Raupp. Text excerpted from a judicial sentence concerning crime of racism.

657: 494:

Environment: The belief that immigrants increase the consumption of limited resources.

4954: 4898: 4818: 4694: 4579: 4436: 4242:

Inside the Radical Right: The Development of Anti-Immigrant Parties in Western Europe

4126: 3655: 3651: 3099: 2739: 2060: 2008: 1988: 1978: 1777: 1517:

in 1921, where ethnic Irish residents hanged a Klan member in front of 3,000 people.

1501: 1394: 1353: 1349: 1254: 1207: 1165: 1157: 1103: 1038: 641:

separatist movement. Nativist and nationalist sentiments increased greatly after the

607: 565: 425: 351: 190: 4360:, by Patrick J. Buchanan, op-ed, 4 October 2006. A conservative defense of nativism. 3152:

Laviolette, Forrest E. (31 May 1944). "Two years of Japanese evacuation in Canada".

1737:

proponents in the late 20th century proposed an English Language Amendment (ELA), a

4366:

Videos of 2008 US Presidential Election Candidates' Positions regarding Immigration

4048: 3382: 2979: 2337: 2308: 2140: 2047: 1811: 1734: 1655: 1603: 1479: 1451: 1435: 1160:, an Order of United Americans was founded as a nativist fraternity, following the 1149: 1110: 1067: 813: 509: 383: 114: 4235:

Immigration Phobia and the Security Dilemma: Russia, Europe, and the United States

4010:

Immigration Phobia and the Security Dilemma: Russia, Europe, and the United States

4155: 3116:(1991), quote on pp. 23–24. Robin p 86, notes the Klan in Canada was not violent. 2563: 17: 4574: 4348:

Henry A. Rhodes, "Nativist and Racist Movements in the U.S. and their Aftermath"

4105:

Lee, Erika. "America first, immigrants last: American xenophobia then and now."

3807:"Jews in France Feel Sting as Anti-Semitism Surges Among Children of Immigrants" 2313: 2303: 2121: 2079: 1773: 1623: 1607: 1490:. The racial concern of the anti-immigration movement was linked closely to the 1416: 1378: 1348:, targeted violence against Chinese workers, driving them out of smaller towns. 1318: 1295: 1288: 841: 483:: The belief that immigrants are more prone to crime than the native population. 417: 359: 200: 159: 119: 109: 55: 2951:"POLITICS AND CULTURAL NATIVISM IN 1970s TAIWAN: Youth, Narrative, Nationalism" 1173:

which took shape prior to the large-scale immigration of the mid-19th century.

4884: 4741: 4736: 4721: 4055:

The Protestant Crusade, 1800–1860: A Study of the Origins of American Nativism

3935: 3342:

Nativism and Slavery: The Northern Know Nothings and the politics of the 1850s

3283:

Nativism and Slavery: The Northern Know Nothings and the politics of the 1850s

2731: 2707: 2599:

The Protestant Crusade, 1800–1860: A Study of the Origins of American Nativism

2574:. Research in migration and ethnic relations series. Ashgate. pp. 19–27. 2462: 2325: 2067: 1226: 1134: 1071: 840:

Nowadays, nativism in Brazil affects primarily migrants from elsewhere in the

693: 638: 593: 363: 31: 3985:

The relationship between immigration and nativism in Europe and North America

3971:

When Victims Become Killers: Colonialism, Nativism and the Genocide in Rwanda

2924:

Politics and Cultural Nativism in 1970s Taiwan: Youth, Narrative, Nationalism

1218:

immigrants, who were not native at all and can hardly be called "nativists."

1164:

of the preceding spring and summer, in December 1844. The American historian

466:

Housing: The belief that immigrants reduce vacancies, causing rent increases.

4776: 4709: 4564: 3610: 2815:"Comparative nativism: the United States, Canada and Australia, 1880s–1910s" 2511: 1947: 1299: 1269:. It was led by Protestant Irish immigrants hostile to the Irish Catholics. 1022: 735: 409: 379: 4169:

The Sash Canada Wore: A Historical Geography of the Orange Order in Canada.

3464:

At America's Gates: Chinese Immigration during the Exclusion Era, 1882–1943

2723: 4285:

Germany for the Germans?: The Political Effects of International Migration

4277: 3964:

Proving the way: conflict and practice in the history of Japanese nativism

3921:

Second chance: two centuries of German-speaking Jews in the United Kingdom

3866:

Germany for the Germans?: The Political Effects of International Migration

3403:

Language and Politics in the United States and Canada: Myths and Realities

3091: 3074:

The Sash Canada Wore: A Historical Geography of the Orange Order in Canada

2937:

The great exodus from China: Trauma, memory, and identity in modern Taiwan

463:: The belief that immigrants make heavy use of the social welfare systems. 4869: 3625:

Notre Dame Vs. the Klan: How the Fighting Irish Defeated the Ku Klux Klan

3477:`Traqueros': Mexican Railroad Workers in the United States, 1870 to 1930. 3131:

Enemy Aliens, Prisoners of War: Internment in Canada During the Great War

2404: 2003: 1715: 1689: 1483: 1427:

faith, and realigned their beliefs behind racial and religious nativism.

1362: 1033:, including the Alien Act, the Naturalization Act and the Sedition Act. 808: 770: 547: 436:

which is based on fears that immigrants will "distort or spoil" existing

4412:

Segregation in countries by type (in some countries, categories overlap)

4352: 4214:

Riots in New Brunswick: Orange Nativism and Social Violence in the 1840s

4145:

The Nativist Movement in America: Religious Conflict in the 19th Century

3693:

Jeremy W. Peters, "Obama's Immigration Action Reinvigorates Tea Party,"

3511: 3254: 4843: 4813: 3173: 2848: 1776:, and French unions were willing to overcome their fear of Italians as 1514: 1424: 830: 739: 619: 154: 3420:

The Oxford History of Australia: vol. 4, The Succeeding Age, 1901–1942

1654:

In his 2016 bid for the presidency, Republican presidential candidate

1317:

In 1917–1918, a wave of nativist sentiment due to American entry into

765:(so that nowadays, Brazil has the most communities in the Americas of 4838: 2157: 1680:

that Trump was transforming the GOP into a populist, nativist party:

1550: 1530: 917:

attacked and tried to politically defeat the Irish Catholics. In the

429: 413: 4065:

Roads to Rome: The Antebellum Protestant Encounter with Catholicism

3165: 350:

is the political policy of promoting or protecting the interests of

4207:

Shades of Right: Nativist and Fascist Politics in Canada, 1920–1940

4117:

America for Americans: A History of Xenophobia in the United States

3114:

Shades of Right: Nativist and Fascist Politics in Canada, 1920–1940

1053: 4326:

Rose, Richard. "The End of Consensus in Austria and Switzerland,"

1709: 1688:

and middle-class voters, seeking to remake the G.O.P. into a more

1636: 1429: 1210:. Conversely, much of the opposition to Roman Catholics came from 1052: 603: 580:

has been described as nativist by scholars due to its support for

4254:

Betz, Hans-Georg. ""Facets of nativism: a heuristic exploration"

4025:

Anbinder, Tyler. "Nativism and prejudice against immigrants," in

3941:

Betz, Hans-Georg. " Facets of nativism: a heuristic exploration"

3749:

The American Language: The Case Against the English-only Movement

3354:

An American Holy Land: A History of the Archdiocese of Louisville

3846:

French interior minister says anti-Semitism at an alarming level

3367:

Episode in Anti-Catholicism: The American Protective Association

3127:

Loyalties in Conflict: Ukrainians in Canada During the Great War

2860:

Dutter, Barbie; Spillius, Alex; Chapman, Paul (30 August 2001).

2708:"Crime, Poverty, and the Economic Origins of Political Nativism" 1598:" had turned its focus away from economic issues, spending, and 1099: 623: 4385: 4079:

Strangers in the Land: Patterns of American Nativism, 1860–1925

3377: 3375: 3209:

Strangers in the Land: Patterns of American Nativism, 1860–1925

3196:"No English Need Apply": Or, Canada as a Field for the Emigrant 2769:

Hans-Georg Betz, "Facets of nativism: a heuristic exploration"

443:

Beliefs that contribute to anti-immigration sentiment include:

3791:

Dominique Schnapper, "Perceptions of Antisemitism in France."

2193:

Historical racial and ethnic demographics of the United States

1361:

begin importing Mexican railroad workers in greater numbers ("

1181:

ran on the American Party ticket for the presidency in 1856.

652: 308: 1772:

Once Italian workers in France had understood the benefit of

4152:

Not Fit For Our Society: Immigration and Nativism in America

835:

as was done with the Japanese residents in the United States

500:: The belief that immigration contributes to overpopulation. 4335:

Unwelcome Strangers: East European Jews in Imperial Germany

4102:

Journal of American Studies, 33 (1999), 3, pp. 437–57.

3732:

Donald Brand, "How Donald Trump's Nativism Ruined the GOP"

3407:

Becoming Old Stock: The Paradox of German-American Identity

2978:

Federal Justice of 10ª Vara da Circunscrição Judiciária de

950:

In 1942 Japanese Canadians were forced into detention camps

4370:"Anti-Immigration Groups and the Masks of False Diversity" 2714:, Political Nativism in the Antebellum West (1 ed.), 2544:, Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications, Inc., pp. 521–522 3233:

John B. Frantz, "Franklin and the Pennsylvania Germans,"

1279:

German Americans § World War I anti-German sentiment

1206:) a few Roman Catholics whose families had long lived in 1696:

Donald Brand, a professor of political science, argues:

1492:

eugenics movement that was sweeping in the United States

4200:

Patterns of Prejudice: A History of Nativism in Alberta

3326:

The life and times of John Kelly, tribune of the people

1306:. Hoard attacked German American culture and religion: 787:

Years before World War II, the government of President

669: 606:

has seen nativist movements, promoting control for the

2808: 2806: 2468:

Xenophobia and racism related to the COVID-19 pandemic

1650:

inclusiveness, open borders, and global participation.

4272:

Volume 49, Number 2, September 2006, pp. 147–86

3585:

Politics, Society, and the Klan in Alabama, 1915–1949

2276:

Antisemitism in the United States in the 21st century

1494:

during the same period. Led by Madison Grant's book,

913:

Throughout the 19th century, well into the 20th, the

4372:. False Diversity in Anti-Immigration organizations. 3037:

de Souza Rodrigues, Julia; Caballero Lois, Cecilia.

2208:

Racism against Native Americans in the United States

1442:(circa 1923). Photograph currently preserved by the 1352:, an immigrant from Ireland, led a mass movement in 952:

in response to Japanese aggression in World War II.

4767: 4682: 4634: 4485: 4417: 3682:

George Kennan and the Dilemmas of US Foreign Policy

3581:"Chapter 9: Race over Rum, Romans, and Republicans" 2261:

History of the Catholic Church in the United States

1476:

arrival of European immigrants on the American soil

4193:Equal Rights: The Jesuits’ Estates Act Controversy 4138:Bonds of Loyalty: German-Americans and World War I 3556: 3554: 3399:Bonds of Loyalty: German-Americans and World War I 2861: 3532:. University of Wisconsin–Madison. Archived from 3493: 3491: 3489: 3487: 3485: 2982:, November 16, 2001 (Accessed September 10, 2008) 1239:attacked and burned down a Roman Catholic convent 1029:in 1798, the Federalists and Congress passed the 3765: 3763: 3761: 3759: 3757: 1858:attributes to the deep religious divide between 1561:, as the more pressing concern. Authors such as 1156:on a nativist ticket, receiving 1,496 votes. In 1102:and also because of their supposed rejection of 408:. The phenomenon has especially been studied in 4330:Volume 11, Number 2, April 2000, pp. 26–40 4154:(University of California Press; 2010) 256 pp. 3574: 3572: 2456:Zionist Occupation Government conspiracy theory 1614:: "Amnesty for Millions, Tyranny for All." The 1579: 1403: 633:These nativist movements are expressed through 432:. Thus, nativism has become a general term for 1836:Nativism grew rapidly in the 1990s and since. 1684:Trump has been drawing on a base of alienated 1117:of the 1890s, the anti-Asian movements in the 4397: 4297:Finzsch, Norbert, and Dietmar Schirmer, eds. 4263:Radical Right-Wing Populism in Western Europe 4107:Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 4070:Finzsch, Norbert, and Dietmar Schirmer, eds. 3125:Frances Swyripa and John Herd Thompson, eds. 2784:Radical Right-Wing Populism in Western Europe 2655:Volume 35, Issue 9, November 2003, pp. 917–29 2246:Religious discrimination in the United States 1198:The American Party also included many former 328: 8: 4749:Residential segregation in the United States 4308:University of Illinois Press, 2005. 280 pp; 3980:53.3 (2021): 394–417. doi.org/10.1086/714167 2712:Inventing America's First Immigration Crisis 2593: 2591: 2281:History of antisemitism in the United States 1041:fought against the new laws by drafting the 564:Since early 2000, opposition has mounted to 4237:(Cambridge University Press, 2005). 294 pp. 4012:(Cambridge University Press, 2005). 294 pp. 2800:, Vol. 28, No. 3 (Spring, 1995), pp. 609–27 2021:History of immigration to the United States 1332:Anti-Chinese sentiment in the United States 943:were rounded up and put in internment camps 4404: 4390: 4382: 4086:The Catholic Press and Nativism, 1840–1860 1572:, the European-American Cold-War diplomat 874:from neighbouring South American countries 335: 321: 42: 4029:ed. by Reed Ueda (2006) pp. 177–201 3381:Quoted on p. 388 of William Foote Whyte, 2998: 2996: 2994: 2992: 2990: 2988: 2847:, Vol. 30, No. 1 (Mar., 1958), pp. 37–46 2641:, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 5–23 2198:Interminority racism in the United States 4167:Houston, Cecil J. and Smyth, William J. 3383:"The Bennett Law Campaign in Wisconsin," 3188:Ethnicity, Power, and Politics in Canada 2903:"No, Kim Hasn't Given Up on Unification" 2473:Xenophobia and racism in the Middle East 2423:List of conspiracy theories#Antisemitism 2286:History of the Jews in the United States 2043:Illegal immigration to the United States 1438:talking to PI reporter Robert Berman in 884:and considerable illegal immigration to 643:independence of Bangladesh from Pakistan 3831:Anti-semitism is making a loud comeback 3072:Cecil J. Houston and William J. Smyth, 2639:Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 2566:. In Han Entzinger; Marco Martiniello; 2503: 2188:Race and ethnicity in the United States 1500:nativists grew more concerned with the 1247:professionalization of the police force 1202:who ignored nativism, and included (in 1017:expressed its strong opposition to the 992:shown by English colonists against the 722:Portuguese colonization of the Americas 295: 264: 213: 172: 96: 70: 54: 4081:(1955), the standard scholarly history 3897:(July 2000), Vol. 19 Issue 2, pp. 1–22 3793:Antisemitism in the Contemporary World 2542:Encyclopedia of American Urban History 2071:, a German term for a dominant culture 1454:developed an explicitly nativist, pro- 1340:, ethnic White immigrants, especially 4290:Chinn, Jeff, and Robert Kaiser, eds. 3007:Folha de S.Paulo, 20 de abril de 2008 2863:"Boat people facing a wave of hatred" 2256:Anti-Catholicism in the United States 1820:Antisemitism in Germany § Hitler 1450:Between the 1920s and the 1930s, the 626:, as opposed to their native tongue, 7: 4933: 4209:(University of Toronto Press, 1992); 4027:A companion to American immigration, 3957:Canadian Journal for Social Research 3324:Quoted in James Fairfax McLaughlin, 2949:Brasnett, Jonathan (17 March 2022). 2876:from the original on 12 January 2022 2572:Migration between states and Markets 1610:. A typical slogan appeared in the 1570:Mexican immigration in the Southwest 970:According to the American historian 872:), Spanish-speakers and Amerindians 610:over their homeland. After the 1947 4754:Segregation academy (United States) 4669:Sex segregation in public restrooms 3422:(1993), pp. 153–55; Jurgen Tampke, 2939:(Cambridge University Press, 2020). 2178:Discrimination in the United States 1938:Radicalization in the United States 876:and, especially, West Africans and 3009:(visitado em 17 de agosto de 2008) 2926:(Columbia University Press, 2021). 2163:Discrimination based on skin color 1880:Antisemitism in the United Kingdom 1074:(1943), founder and bishop of the 966:Nativism in United States politics 568:arriving in boats from Indonesia. 25: 3936:Xenophobia § Further reading 3805:Smith, Craig S. (26 March 2006). 3439:The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 3296:The Protestant Crusade, 1800–1860 2271:African American–Jewish relations 2266:Antisemitism in the United States 1721:American nativists have promoted 1631:Political scientist and pollster 1043:Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions 4932: 4904: 4903: 2433:White genocide conspiracy theory 2203:Racism against African Americans 1444:Museum of History & Industry 1111:Know Nothing or "American Party" 1109:Nativist movements included the 1098:because of their loyalty to the 848:(this time, mostly Muslims from 730:The Brazilian elite desired the 656: 512:the native or indigenous people. 288:White genocide conspiracy theory 62: 3020:"Memória da Imigração Japonesa" 2813:Jensen, Richard (Spring 2009). 2611:Friedman, Uri (11 April 2017). 2358:Expulsions and exoduses of Jews 2331:Xenophobia in the United States 1267:American Protective Association 1144:Nativist outbursts occurred in 584:and opposition to immigration. 559:Australian Natives' Association 4378:, Conservative Heritage Times. 4216:(Univ of Toronto Press, 1993). 3952:, 35#9 (2003), pp. 917–29 3795:(Routledge, 2021) pp. 261-272. 2251:Anti-Catholicism#United States 1876:History of the Jews in England 1557:, principally from across the 1336:In the 1870s and 1880s in the 1129:", by which the government of 1115:Immigration Restriction League 1: 4319:Liang, Christina Schori, ed. 3959:(2010) vol 3#1 pp. 45–55 3527:"The Restriction Immigration" 3386:Wisconsin Magazine Of History 3194:(1982) p. xx; Basil Stewart, 2955:Pacific Affairs (UBC Journal) 1964:Criticism of multiculturalism 1943:Radical right (United States) 1506:The Passing of the Great Race 1497:The Passing of the Great Race 1358:Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 1298:caused a political uproar in 1283:From the 1840s to the 1920s, 1127:Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907 1123:Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 734:of the country, similarly to 273:Criticism of multiculturalism 3879:American Sociological Review 3442:. ABC-CLIO. pp. 51–57. 2512:"the definition of nativism" 2488:Racism in Muslim communities 2483:Racism in Jewish communities 2213:Racial views of Donald Trump 1478:, predominantly composed of 716:Race and ethnicity in Brazil 698:Democratic Progressive Party 508:: The belief immigrants are 428:, as well as in continental 36:Native American civil rights 4981:Racially motivated violence 4611:Brown v. Board of Education 4131:American Nativism 1830–1860 3919:Gerhard Hirschfeld, et al. 3593:University of Alabama Press 3388:, 10: 4 (1926–1927), p. 388 3268:(under "Nativism"), citing 3129:(1983); and Bohdan Kordan, 2183:Racism in the United States 1559:United States–Mexico border 1162:Philadelphia Nativist Riots 923:anti-Catholicism in Britain 362:, including the support of 5007: 4520:Czechoslovakia and Hungary 4195:(1979). in late 19c Canada 4171:U. of Toronto Press, 1980. 3998:(Palgrave Macmillan, 2018) 3933: 3895:Immigrants and Minorities, 3475:Jeffrey Marcos Garcilazo, 3405:(1998); Russell A. Kazal, 3251:William and Mary Quarterly 2568:Catherine Wihtol de Wenden 1873: 1809: 1761: 1725:and deprecated the use of 1393:. A favorite plan was the 1329: 1276: 1243:Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 1235:Charlestown, Massachusetts 988:There was nativism in the 963: 906: 852:instead of overwhelmingly 844:, such as the new wave of 719: 713: 591: 534: 393: 135:Indefinite leave to remain 29: 4966:Anti-immigration politics 4893: 4565:Apartheid in South Africa 4084:Hueston, Robert Francis. 3987:(Washington press, 2012) 3668:The American Conservative 3436:John Soennichsen (2011). 3266:Oxford English Dictionary 3239:65#1 (1998), 21–34 online 2935:Dominic Meng-Hsuan Yang, 2845:Journal of Modern History 2798:Journal of Social History 2536:Goldfield, David (2007), 2363:Geography of antisemitism 2107:Opposition to immigration 1225:is often identified with 578:Democratic Party of Korea 434:opposition to immigration 396:Opposition to immigration 283:Opposition to immigration 4321:Europe for the Europeans 4249:Europe for the Europeans 3565:. Atheneum. p. 324. 3424:The Germans in Australia 2716:Fordham University Press 2443:Jews will not replace us 2438:Great Replacement Theory 2231:Religious discrimination 1739:Constitutional Amendment 1602:, and towards President 1542:immigration reductionism 891:According to the 1988's 30:Not to be confused with 4789:Anti-miscegenation laws 4624:Anti-miscegenation laws 4270:African Studies Review, 4258:(2019) 53#2 pp 111–135. 4179:Canadian Ethnic Studies 4053:Billington, Ray Allen. 3945:(2019) 53#2 pp 111–135. 3782:(2019) 53#5 pp 441-463. 3579:Feldman, Glenn (1999). 3500:Polish American Studies 3146:(1978); Roger Daniels, 2821:: 45–55. Archived from 2773:(2019) 53#2 pp 111-135. 2368:History of antisemitism 2218:Woodrow Wilson and race 1816:Islamophobia in Germany 1701:Muslims are terrorists. 1672:Journalist John Cassidy 1527:Immigration Act of 1924 1231:anti-Catholic sentiment 1152:ran unsuccessfully for 1031:Alien and Sedition Acts 791:initiated a process of 368:immigration-restriction 4880:White Australia policy 4799:Corporative federalism 4037:Social Science History 4022:Praeger, 2003. 235 pp. 3881:81.2 (2016): 242-261. 3639:Clash of Civilizations 3253:65.3 (2008): 565-600. 3190:(1981); Susan Jackel, 2957:. University of Ottawa 2909:. Busan, South Korea. 2724:10.2307/j.ctv119907b.8 2562:Max J. Castro (2004). 2410:In-group and out-group 2393:Religious antisemitism 2299:Rivers of Blood speech 2053:Persecution of Muslims 2014:Anti-Mexican sentiment 1933:Radical right (Europe) 1768:Antisemitism in France 1718: 1584: 1456:Anglo-Saxon Protestant 1447: 1408: 1196: 1189:as president, stating: 1154:Mayor of New York City 1137:to the United States. 1106:as an American ideal. 1078: 981: 915:Orange Order in Canada 893:Brazilian Constitution 537:White Australia policy 186:Immigrant assimilation 79:Immigration by country 4849:Religious intolerance 4376:A Defense of Nativism 4328:Journal of Democracy, 4278:10.1353/arw.2006.0102 4256:Patterns of Prejudice 4233:Alexseev, Mikhail A. 4136:Luebke, Frederick C. 4093:Qualitative Sociology 4016:Allerfeldt, Kristofer 4008:Alexseev, Mikhail A. 3943:Patterns of Prejudice 3934:Further information: 3910:(2017) 67#11 pp 8-11. 3780:Patterns of Prejudice 3563:Strangers in the Land 3561:Higham, John (1963). 3397:Frederick C. Luebke, 3092:10.1353/eir.2007.0009 2899:Myers, Brian Reynolds 2771:Patterns of Prejudice 2706:Ritter, Luke (2021), 2613:"What Is a Nativist?" 2447:Unite the Right Rally 2428:Stab-in-the-back myth 2353:Economic antisemitism 2348:Cultural antisemitism 2241:Religious persecution 2236:Religious intolerance 2168:Racism against Asians 2102:National conservatism 2095:Religious nationalism 2036:Identitarian movement 1913:Far-right subcultures 1874:Further information: 1828:Xenophobia in Germany 1810:Further information: 1799:World Jewish Congress 1752:Muslim fundamentalism 1713: 1488:Eastern European Jews 1433: 1413:Dillingham Commission 1326:Anti-Chinese nativism 1191: 1171:American ethnic group 1096:Irish Roman Catholics 1076:Pillar of Fire Church 1056: 1027:French First Republic 976: 907:Further information: 882:2010 Haiti earthquake 720:Further information: 592:Further information: 521:By country and region 265:Opposition and reform 232:Replacement migration 227:Religious nationalism 4859:Second-class citizen 4854:Reservation in India 4580:United Arab Emirates 4510:Bulgaria and Romania 4364:PoliticosLatinos.com 4358:"A Nation or Notion" 4125:Leonard, Ira M. and 4095:35(2): 163–81 (2012) 4039:2003 27(2): 229–83. 3595:. pp. 160–192. 3525:Lodge, Henry Cabot. 3235:Pennsylvania History 2718:, pp. 105–147, 1928:Stochastic terrorism 1918:Right-wing terrorism 1851:English citizenship. 1547:undocumented workers 1273:Anti-German nativism 1251:Louisville, Kentucky 1223:American nationalism 1084:Indigenous Americans 1059:Guardians of Liberty 4961:Nativism (politics) 4727:Exclusionary zoning 4674:Separatist feminism 4452:Partition of Bengal 4109:19.1 (2020): 3–18. 3851:7 June 2011 at the 3589:Tuscaloosa, Alabama 2869:The Daily Telegraph 2597:Ray A. Billington, 2419:, a xenophobic slur 2398:Stereotypes of Jews 2388:Racial antisemitism 2383:Persecution of Jews 2117:Paleolibertarianism 2075:Localism (politics) 2026:Hyphenated American 1923:Religious terrorism 1901:Right-wing populism 1896:Right-wing politics 1686:white working-class 1668:illegal immigration 1594:By late 2014, the " 1582:polyglot mix-mash?" 1555:illegal immigration 1522:Emergency Quota Act 1511:Second Ku Klux Klan 1440:Seattle, Washington 1121:, resulting in the 998:Pennsylvania Colony 793:forced assimilation 614:, large numbers of 140:Migration diplomacy 89:Illegal immigration 4976:Far-right politics 4617:Massive resistance 4605:School segregation 4600:Separate but equal 4525:Dominican Republic 4427:Partition of India 4333:Wertheimer, Jack. 4287:(Greenwood, 1997). 4283:Chapin, Wesley D. 4261:Betz, Hans-Georg. 4181:2004 36(2): 1–28. 3994:Yakushko, Oksana. 3868:(Greenwood, 1997). 3864:Wesley D. Chapin, 3836:. 13 December 2009 3834:The Jerusalem Post 3811:The New York Times 3671:December 19, 2005. 3661:2010-10-26 at the 3426:(2007) pp. 120–24. 3418:Stuart Macintyre, 3365:Donald L. Kinzer, 3154:Far Eastern Survey 3060:2012-02-07 at the 2901:(3 January 2024). 2314:Supremacism#Racial 2146:Racial nationalism 2090:Racial nationalism 2085:Ethnic nationalism 1984:Ethnic nationalism 1908:Far-right politics 1719: 1596:Tea Party movement 1525:followed with the 1448: 1263:Third Party System 1183:Henry Winter Davis 1113:of the 1850s, the 1079: 1066:caricature by the 996:immigrants in the 668:. You can help by 635:Sindhi nationalism 612:Partition of India 582:Korean nationalism 548:after World War II 455:Government expense 278:Immigration reform 214:Political theories 181:Social integration 84:Immigration policy 4948: 4947: 4824:Majority minority 4705:Ethnic federalism 4487:Ethnic and racial 4447:Greece and Turkey 4063:Franchot, Jenny. 3747:Brandon Simpson, 3602:978-0-8173-8950-5 2782:Hans-Georg Betz, 2581:978-0-7546-4231-2 2343:Antisemitic trope 2173:Racism by country 2151:White nationalism 2112:Paleoconservatism 2031:Identity politics 1860:Irish Protestants 1787:Jean-Marie Le Pen 1612:Tea Party Tribune 1563:Samuel Huntington 1399:Henry Cabot Lodge 1237:, a nativist mob 1092:Thirteen Colonies 1019:French Revolution 1002:Benjamin Franklin 897:political parties 726:Slavery in Brazil 690:Chinese Civil War 686: 685: 552:Pacific Islanders 356:indigenous people 345: 344: 222:Civic nationalism 195:Acculturation Gap 18:American nativism 16:(Redirected from 4998: 4936: 4935: 4907: 4906: 4875:Social apartheid 4759:Social exclusion 4732:Forced migration 4700:Ethnic cleansing 4690:Auto-segregation 4432:Northern Ireland 4406: 4399: 4392: 4383: 4219:Ward, W. Peter. 4205:Robin, Martion. 4198:Palmer, Howard. 4127:Robert D. Parmet 4098:Kaufmann, Eric. 3924: 3917: 3911: 3904: 3898: 3891: 3885: 3875: 3869: 3862: 3856: 3855:14 December 2009 3843: 3837: 3828: 3822: 3821: 3819: 3817: 3802: 3796: 3789: 3783: 3776: 3770: 3767: 3752: 3745: 3739: 3730: 3724: 3715: 3709: 3706: 3700: 3691: 3685: 3678: 3672: 3649: 3643: 3634: 3628: 3621: 3615: 3614: 3576: 3567: 3566: 3558: 3549: 3548: 3546: 3544: 3538: 3531: 3522: 3516: 3515: 3495: 3480: 3473: 3467: 3460: 3454: 3453: 3433: 3427: 3416: 3410: 3395: 3389: 3379: 3370: 3363: 3357: 3350: 3344: 3338: 3332: 3328:(1885) pp 72-73 3322: 3316: 3315: 3304: 3298: 3292: 3286: 3281:Tyler Anbinder, 3279: 3273: 3263: 3257: 3247: 3241: 3231: 3225: 3218: 3212: 3205: 3199: 3184: 3178: 3177: 3140: 3134: 3123: 3117: 3110: 3104: 3103: 3070: 3064: 3053: 3049: 3043: 3042: 3034: 3028: 3027: 3022:. 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Peter Ward, 3141: 3137: 3124: 3120: 3111: 3107: 3086:(3–4): 80–109. 3077: 3071: 3067: 3062:Wayback Machine 3052:(in Portuguese) 3051: 3050: 3046: 3036: 3035: 3031: 3026:on 10 May 2013. 3018: 3017: 3013: 3001: 2986: 2974: 2970: 2960: 2958: 2948: 2947: 2943: 2934: 2930: 2921: 2917: 2897: 2896: 2892: 2879: 2877: 2859: 2858: 2854: 2842: 2838: 2828: 2826: 2819:Canadian Issues 2812: 2811: 2804: 2794: 2790: 2781: 2777: 2768: 2764: 2757: 2753: 2744: 2742: 2705: 2704: 2700: 2690: 2688: 2687:on 14 June 2007 2684: 2677: 2673: 2672: 2668: 2663: 2659: 2650: 2646: 2636: 2635: 2631: 2621: 2619: 2610: 2609: 2605: 2596: 2589: 2582: 2561: 2560: 2556: 2547: 2545: 2535: 2534: 2530: 2520: 2518: 2510: 2509: 2505: 2501: 2496: 2319:White supremacy 1891: 1882: 1872: 1842: 1830: 1808: 1770: 1762:Main articles: 1760: 1750:ghettos, race, 1747: 1708: 1633:Darrell Bricker 1592: 1535:Central America 1387:Austria-Hungary 1383:Congress Poland 1371: 1342:Irish Americans 1334: 1328: 1281: 1275: 1216:German Lutheran 1214:immigrants and 1051: 1011: 994:Palatine German 986: 968: 962: 911: 905: 886:northern Brazil 846:Levantine Arabs 728: 718: 712: 707: 682: 676: 673: 666:needs expansion 651: 596: 590: 574: 544:White Australia 539: 533: 528: 523: 438:cultural values 398: 392: 376: 341: 257:Ethnocentricism 237:Social cohesion 150:Right of asylum 145:Non-refoulement 130:Externalization 125:Immigration law 105:Border security 97:History and law 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5004: 5002: 4994: 4993: 4988: 4983: 4978: 4973: 4968: 4963: 4953: 4952: 4946: 4945: 4943: 4942: 4930: 4929: 4928: 4923: 4918: 4901: 4894: 4891: 4890: 4888: 4887: 4882: 4877: 4872: 4867: 4861: 4856: 4851: 4846: 4841: 4836: 4834:Nuremberg Laws 4831: 4826: 4821: 4816: 4811: 4809:Ghetto benches 4806: 4804:Discrimination 4801: 4796: 4791: 4786: 4785: 4784: 4773: 4771: 4765: 4764: 4762: 4761: 4756: 4751: 4746: 4745: 4744: 4734: 4729: 4724: 4719: 4717:Ethnopluralism 4714: 4713: 4712: 4702: 4697: 4692: 4686: 4684: 4680: 4679: 4677: 4676: 4671: 4666: 4661: 4656: 4651: 4646: 4640: 4638: 4632: 4631: 4629: 4628: 4627: 4626: 4621: 4620: 4619: 4614: 4602: 4597: 4587: 4585:United Kingdom 4582: 4577: 4572: 4567: 4562: 4557: 4552: 4547: 4542: 4537: 4532: 4527: 4522: 4517: 4512: 4507: 4502: 4497: 4491: 4489: 4483: 4482: 4480: 4479: 4474: 4469: 4464: 4459: 4454: 4449: 4444: 4439: 4434: 4429: 4423: 4421: 4415: 4414: 4411: 4409: 4408: 4401: 4394: 4386: 4380: 4379: 4373: 4367: 4361: 4355: 4350: 4343: 4342:External links 4340: 4339: 4338: 4331: 4324: 4317: 4302: 4295: 4288: 4281: 4266: 4259: 4252: 4245: 4238: 4229: 4226: 4225: 4224: 4217: 4210: 4203: 4196: 4191:Miller, J. R. 4189: 4175: 4172: 4163: 4160: 4159: 4158: 4150:Schrag Peter. 4148: 4141: 4134: 4123: 4113: 4103: 4096: 4089: 4082: 4077:Higham, John, 4075: 4068: 4061: 4051: 4033: 4023: 4013: 4004: 4001: 4000: 3999: 3992: 3981: 3974: 3967: 3960: 3953: 3946: 3931: 3928: 3926: 3925: 3912: 3899: 3886: 3870: 3857: 3838: 3823: 3797: 3784: 3771: 3753: 3740: 3725: 3720:The New Yorker 3710: 3701: 3696:New York Times 3686: 3680:David Mayers, 3673: 3644: 3629: 3616: 3601: 3568: 3550: 3517: 3481: 3468: 3455: 3448: 3428: 3411: 3390: 3371: 3358: 3345: 3333: 3317: 3299: 3287: 3274: 3258: 3242: 3226: 3213: 3211:(1955), p. 2. 3200: 3179: 3160:(11): 93–100. 3135: 3118: 3112:Martin Robin, 3105: 3065: 3044: 3029: 3011: 2984: 2968: 2941: 2928: 2922:A-chin Hsiau, 2915: 2890: 2852: 2836: 2825:on 3 July 2017 2802: 2788: 2775: 2762: 2751: 2732:j.ctv119907b.8 2698: 2666: 2657: 2644: 2629: 2603: 2587: 2580: 2554: 2528: 2516:Dictionary.com 2502: 2500: 2497: 2495: 2494: 2493: 2492: 2491: 2490: 2485: 2480: 2470: 2460: 2459: 2458: 2453: 2452: 2451: 2450: 2449: 2430: 2420: 2414: 2413: 2412: 2402: 2401: 2400: 2395: 2390: 2385: 2380: 2375: 2373:Jewish history 2370: 2365: 2360: 2355: 2350: 2345: 2335: 2334: 2333: 2323: 2322: 2321: 2311: 2306: 2301: 2296: 2295: 2294: 2293: 2292: 2291: 2290: 2289: 2288: 2283: 2278: 2273: 2263: 2258: 2238: 2233: 2228: 2227: 2226: 2225: 2224: 2223: 2222: 2221: 2220: 2215: 2210: 2205: 2200: 2195: 2190: 2185: 2170: 2155: 2154: 2153: 2143: 2138: 2137: 2136: 2135: 2134: 2132:Talibanization 2127:Pashtunization 2119: 2114: 2109: 2104: 2099: 2098: 2097: 2092: 2087: 2077: 2072: 2064: 2057: 2056: 2055: 2045: 2040: 2039: 2038: 2028: 2023: 2018: 2017: 2016: 2006: 2001: 1999:Han chauvinism 1996: 1994:Fundamentalism 1991: 1986: 1981: 1976: 1971: 1969:Dehumanization 1966: 1961: 1956: 1955: 1954: 1953: 1952: 1951: 1950: 1940: 1935: 1930: 1925: 1915: 1905: 1904: 1903: 1892: 1890: 1887: 1871: 1868: 1855:Dutch Republic 1853:Cities in the 1841: 1840:United Kingdom 1838: 1807: 1804: 1791:National Front 1778:strikebreakers 1759: 1756: 1746: 1743: 1707: 1704: 1703: 1702: 1694: 1693: 1677:The New Yorker 1652: 1651: 1646: 1645: 1629: 1628: 1616:New York Times 1591: 1588: 1421:Roman Catholic 1391:Russian Empire 1370: 1367: 1338:Western states 1327: 1324: 1312: 1311: 1274: 1271: 1187:James Buchanan 1131:Imperial Japan 1119:Western states 1050: 1047: 1010: 1009:Early republic 1007: 985: 982: 974:, nativism is: 964:Main article: 961: 958: 919:British Empire 904: 901: 789:Getúlio Vargas 778:Oliveira Viana 714:Main article: 711: 708: 706: 703: 684: 683: 677:September 2022 663: 661: 650: 647: 616:Muhajir people 598:The Pakistani 589: 586: 573: 570: 566:asylum seekers 535:Main article: 532: 529: 527: 524: 522: 519: 514: 513: 506:Decolonization 503: 502: 501: 498:Overpopulation 495: 491:Environmental 489: 488: 487: 484: 478: 475: 469: 468: 467: 464: 458: 452: 422:United Kingdom 402:Joel S. 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2012: 2011: 2010: 2009:Hispanophobia 2007: 2005: 2002: 2000: 1997: 1995: 1992: 1990: 1989:Ethnocentrism 1987: 1985: 1982: 1980: 1979:Emiratization 1977: 1975: 1972: 1970: 1967: 1965: 1962: 1960: 1957: 1949: 1946: 1945: 1944: 1941: 1939: 1936: 1934: 1931: 1929: 1926: 1924: 1921: 1920: 1919: 1916: 1914: 1911: 1910: 1909: 1906: 1902: 1899: 1898: 1897: 1894: 1893: 1888: 1886: 1881: 1877: 1869: 1867: 1865: 1861: 1856: 1852: 1849:in acquiring 1847: 1839: 1837: 1834: 1829: 1825: 1821: 1817: 1813: 1805: 1803: 1800: 1794: 1792: 1788: 1783: 1779: 1775: 1769: 1765: 1757: 1755: 1753: 1744: 1742: 1740: 1736: 1732: 1728: 1724: 1717: 1712: 1705: 1699: 1698: 1697: 1691: 1687: 1683: 1682: 1681: 1679: 1678: 1673: 1669: 1665: 1661: 1657: 1648: 1647: 1642: 1641: 1640: 1638: 1634: 1625: 1621: 1620: 1619: 1617: 1613: 1609: 1605: 1601: 1597: 1589: 1587: 1583: 1578: 1575: 1571: 1566: 1564: 1560: 1556: 1552: 1548: 1543: 1538: 1536: 1532: 1528: 1523: 1518: 1516: 1512: 1507: 1503: 1502:racial purity 1499: 1498: 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Retrieved 3810: 3800: 3792: 3787: 3779: 3774: 3748: 3743: 3734: 3728: 3719: 3713: 3704: 3698:Nov 25, 2014 3695: 3689: 3681: 3676: 3666: 3656:Free Vermont 3647: 3637: 3636:Huntington, 3632: 3624: 3619: 3584: 3562: 3541:. Retrieved 3534:the original 3520: 3503: 3499: 3476: 3471: 3463: 3458: 3438: 3431: 3423: 3419: 3414: 3406: 3402: 3398: 3393: 3385: 3366: 3361: 3353: 3348: 3341: 3336: 3325: 3320: 3311: 3302: 3295: 3294:Billington, 3290: 3282: 3277: 3270:Whig Almanac 3269: 3265: 3261: 3250: 3245: 3234: 3229: 3216: 3208: 3203: 3195: 3191: 3187: 3182: 3157: 3153: 3147: 3143: 3138: 3130: 3126: 3121: 3113: 3108: 3083: 3080:Éire-Ireland 3079: 3073: 3068: 3047: 3032: 3024:the original 3014: 3004: 2980:Porto Alegre 2971: 2959:. Retrieved 2954: 2944: 2936: 2931: 2923: 2918: 2910: 2907:Sthele Press 2906: 2893: 2885: 2878:. Retrieved 2867: 2855: 2844: 2839: 2827:. Retrieved 2823:the original 2818: 2797: 2791: 2783: 2778: 2770: 2765: 2754: 2743:, retrieved 2711: 2701: 2689:. 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Retrieved 2515: 2506: 2338:Antisemitism 2309:Scapegoating 2141:Qatarization 2066: 2059: 2048:Islamophobia 1974:Dominization 1883: 1844:The city of 1843: 1835: 1831: 1812:Nazi Germany 1795: 1771: 1748: 1735:English Only 1720: 1695: 1675: 1662:between the 1656:Donald Trump 1653: 1630: 1615: 1611: 1604:Barack Obama 1593: 1590:21st century 1585: 1580: 1567: 1539: 1519: 1505: 1495: 1480:Irish people 1468:anti-Italian 1452:Ku Klux Klan 1449: 1409: 1404: 1372: 1369:20th century 1335: 1316: 1313: 1293: 1282: 1259: 1220: 1197: 1192: 1175: 1150:Samuel Morse 1143: 1139:Labor unions 1108: 1080: 1068:Ku Klux Klan 1057: 1012: 990:colonial era 987: 984:Colonial era 977: 969: 954: 947: 936: 931:Ku Klux Klan 928: 912: 890: 839: 814:safe conduct 798: 786: 781: 775: 744: 729: 687: 674: 670:adding to it 665: 632: 597: 575: 563: 556: 540: 526:Asia-Pacific 515: 442: 399: 384:Know Nothing 377: 347: 346: 241: 115:Repatriation 40: 4971:Nationalism 4794:Black Codes 4742:labor camps 4649:Afghanistan 3684:(1990) ch 3 3506:(1): 5–31. 3462:Erika Lee, 2880:7 September 2829:23 February 2745:13 February 2304:Saudization 2122:Pashtunwali 2080:Nationalism 1624:Wall Street 1608:John McCain 1472:anti-Jewish 1417:World War I 1379:the Balkans 1319:World War I 1296:Bennett Law 1289:World War I 1070:-affiliate 972:John Higham 939:World War I 868:(primarily 866:East Asians 842:Third World 572:South Korea 418:New Zealand 352:native-born 296:Causes 201:Persecution 120:Deportation 110:Citizenship 56:Immigration 4991:Xenophobia 4955:Categories 4897:See also: 4885:Xenophobia 4737:Internment 4722:Ethnocracy 4212:See, S.W. 3543:3 December 3340:Anbinder, 2872:. London. 2538:"Nativism" 2499:References 2463:Xenophobia 2445:- See the 2326:Xenophobia 2068:Leitkultur 1959:Bumiputera 1618:reported: 1549:, largely 1464:anti-Irish 1389:, and the 1330:See also: 1277:See also: 1227:xenophobia 1135:emigration 1072:Alma White 694:Kuomintang 688:After the 639:Sindhudesh 594:Sindhudesh 510:colonizing 424:, and the 374:Definition 360:immigrants 32:Indigenism 4777:Apartheid 4710:Bantustan 4595:Civil War 4419:Religious 4187:0008-3496 4045:0145-5532 3272:1845 4/2. 3100:159767979 2740:241032808 1948:Alt-right 1864:Catholics 1674:wrote in 1635:, CEO of 1600:Obamacare 1363:traqueros 1300:Wisconsin 1204:the South 1125:and the " 1049:1830–1860 1025:with the 1023:Quasi-War 854:Christian 850:Palestine 801:São Paulo 736:Argentina 645:in 1971. 531:Australia 471:Cultural 447:Economic 410:Australia 380:Cas Mudde 4910:Category 4870:Shunning 4866:(Canada) 4829:Nativism 4683:Dynamics 4560:Rhodesia 4555:Portugal 4550:Malaysia 4515:Bulgaria 4457:Portugal 4119:(2019). 3849:Archived 3816:10 April 3659:Archived 3611:40830038 3512:20148034 3150:(1993); 3076:(1980); 3058:Archived 2874:Archived 2849:in JSTOR 2622:20 March 2570:(eds.). 2521:19 March 2405:Othering 2004:Hindutva 1889:See also 1789:and his 1774:unionism 1716:Colorado 1706:Language 1690:populist 1666:to halt 1484:Italians 1436:Klansmen 1133:stopped 878:Haitians 827:Tomé-Açu 771:endogamy 767:Venetian 755:Japanese 705:Americas 637:and the 600:province 588:Pakistan 406:identity 348:Nativism 242:Nativism 48:a series 46:Part of 4939:Commons 4844:Rankism 4814:Hafrada 4768:Related 4664:Judaism 4540:Germany 4500:Bahrain 4477:Myanmar 4472:Bahrain 4265:(1994). 4121:excerpt 4057:(1964) 4031:excerpt 3950:Futures 3735:Fortune 3356:(1990). 3285:(1992). 3174:3023407 2786:(1994). 2653:Futures 2548:4 March 1806:Germany 1731:Spanish 1723:English 1551:Mexican 1515:Chicago 862:Lebanon 751:Italian 740:Uruguay 620:Karachi 461:Welfare 155:Refugee 71:General 4986:Racism 4926:racial 4921:gender 4839:Racism 4770:topics 4636:Gender 4545:Israel 4535:France 4505:Brazil 4495:Canada 4442:Serbia 4437:Israel 4337:(1991) 4323:(2007) 4312: 4301:(2002) 4294:(1996) 4251:(2007) 4228:Europe 4223:(1978) 4202:(1992) 4185: 4162:Canada 4156:online 4147:(2013) 4140:(1974) 4133:(1971) 4111:online 4088:(1976) 4074:(2002) 4067:(1994) 4059:online 4043: 3989:online 3978:Polity 3973:(2001) 3966:(2005) 3883:online 3751:(2009) 3642:(1997) 3627:(2004) 3609: 3599: 3510: 3466:(2003) 3446: 3409:(2004) 3369:(1964) 3330:online 3312:Scribd 3255:online 3198:(1909) 3172: 3133:(2002) 3098: 2961:8 July 2738: 2730: 2691:11 May 2601:(1938) 2578: 2158:Racism 1846:London 1826:, and 1758:France 1745:Europe 1727:German 1531:Mexico 1486:, and 1470:, and 1434:Three 1425:Jewish 903:Canada 819:Santos 805:Paraná 759:Jewish 757:, and 747:German 710:Brazil 649:Taiwan 628:Sindhi 451:wages. 430:Europe 420:, the 414:Canada 390:Causes 4916:caste 4644:Islam 4570:Spain 4467:Spain 3537:(PDF) 3530:(PDF) 3508:JSTOR 3170:JSTOR 3096:S2CID 2736:S2CID 2728:JSTOR 2685:(PDF) 2678:(PDF) 1870:1930s 1637:Ipsos 1249:. In 1233:. 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