2539:
281:
2587:
2530:
294:
266:
2574:
253:
2555:
2479:
2510:
2492:
2469:
239:
118:
223:
2459:
2521:
2397:
2392:
990:, with the assistance of the Chinese Nationalists the next day. Both parties were taken to a missionary hospital in Jiangyin, where they were met by a party from the British Embassy in Nanjing, and put on a train for Shanghai. Remaining aboard were about 60 unwounded men. The shelling had stopped, but no one could move on deck without drawing the attention of PLA snipers.
36:
1386:, who was wounded seriously during the event. After receiving medical care, he recovered and continued to perform his duties catching rats, protecting the dwindling food supply during the 101-day siege and helped boost morale for the surviving sailors. Simon died soon after returning to the UK, having been awarded the
961:, assumed command of the vessel, although he was also wounded himself. PLA shells exploded in the sick bay, the port engine room, and finally the generator, just after the injured Weston's last transmission: "Under heavy fire. Am aground in approx. position 31.10' North 119.20' East. Large number of casualties".
1184:
remained guarded by the PLA for ten weeks, with vital supplies being withheld from the ship. Negotiations were ineffectual because Kerans would not accept the demand of Kang Yushao, the
Chinese Communist representative, that he admit the British state had wrongly invaded Chinese national waters (the
981:
Some time between 10:00 and 10:30, Weston ordered the immediate evacuation to shore of anyone who could be spared. A boat was manned to take people the short distance to shore and some men swam ashore. The
Communist batteries switched their fire to the men being evacuated and further evacuation was
968:
had grounded in such a way that neither of the two forward gun turrets could bring their guns to bear on the PLA batteries, leaving the single stern turret to return fire. This turret was soon hit and disabled. None of the close-range weapons could be brought to bear on the PLA batteries. The shore
950:
Leslie Frank, was seriously injured and, as a result, the ship slewed to port and grounded on the river's bank. Before the ship grounded, the order to open fire had been given, but when the director layer pulled the firing trigger, nothing happened because the firing circuits were disabled when the
1175:
On 30 April 1949, the
Chinese Communists demanded that Britain, the United States, and France quickly withdraw their armed forces from any part of China. During the negotiations the Communists insisted that the British ship fired first. (Eventually, in 1988, the PLA commander
1273:
was not detected by the shore batteries and the two ships then proceeded downriver until at 07:15 they ended action stations and after passing through the river's outlet arrived at the Saddle
Islands at 12:00 hrs to anchor and transfer much needed oil and stores.
1504:
Weston gave the wrong latitude in this report; in fact the ship was at 32° 20′N, not 31° 10′N. This could be an error made by the wounded Weston; it could be a transcription error by the signalman; or it could be an error in reading the logs after the
1410:
take over a piece of Asia by simply stacking a few guns, is over and never to return!" Even many of the
Nationalist troops on the south bank cheered the Communists as they bombarded the British warships. During the subsequent
982:
stopped. Fifty-nine ratings and four
Chinese mess boys made it to the Kuomintang-controlled southern bank, but two men were assumed drowned while swimming ashore. Those who survived were joined by the seriously wounded from
934:) further up the river, it received sustained fire from a second PLA battery, as the PLA may have considered that the ship had violated the "stay away warning" from the war zone; additionally, the PLA may have thought
941:
The first shell passed over the ship. Then the bridge, wheelhouse and low power room were hit in quick succession, Lieutenant
Commander Skinner was wounded mortally, and all the bridge personnel were disabled. The
1209:, a fully-lit passenger vessel carrying Chinese refugees, allegedly in the hope that the observers ashore would be confused and not see the frigate in the dark, and to follow the path through the shoals taken by
2904:
709:
910:
to stay away from the war zone. The salvo fell well short of the ship, and was assumed by the ship's officers to be part of a regular bombardment of
Nationalist forces on the south bank. Therefore,
2504:
2900:
581:
719:
2581:
1269:
if it was bombarded by the shore batteries at Wusong. To achieve this it had moved up the
Yangtze during the night, at action stations. Fortunately for the British,
657:
80:
1327:
my hearty congratulations on their daring exploit to rejoin the Fleet. The courage, skill and determination shown by all on board have my highest commendation.
1221:, upon being challenged, opened fire. When the shore batteries replied, a Communist gunboat in the river began to fire back at the shore. In the confusion the
1205:
s chain was slipped and the ship headed downriver in the dark, beginning a dash to escape from the
Yangtze River by following in the wake of the civilian ship
1114:
was re-floated just after midnight on 21 April, after the ship was lightened, and it moved up river. The Assistant British Naval Attaché, Lieutenant Commander
2760:
2982:
1118:, joined the ship on 22 April, after he had dealt with all the wounded and unwounded men who had been sent ashore. He assumed command of the ship that day.
2431:
574:
2549:
2538:
2706:
1083:
was again bombarded so intensely that it was obliged to abandon the attempt, although it answered the shore batteries with its full armament (including
2972:
2053:
1369:
57:
44:
1981:
170:
2452:
567:
2609:
2486:
1573:
642:
1606:
2977:
2496:
1084:
2118:
244:
1740:
1583:
869:
1808:
Sheng, Michael (November 1994). "The United States, the Chinese Communist Party, and the Soviet Union, 1948–1950: A Reappraisal".
1756:
607:
848:
2889:
2424:
1412:
1125:
moved several times, but each time it moved the batteries bombarded the ship which was finally forced to anchor off Fu Te Wei.
763:
677:
109:
87:
2500:
630:
430:
270:
2929:
2726:
2046:
1633:
817:
714:
461:
2918:
2654:
2569:
1436:
1429:
included an episode entitled "Log of the Marne" (22 October 1951), based largely on the events of the Yangtze incident.
697:
1965:
2482:
1346:
2577:
1730:
896:
759:
298:
1693:
2957:
2417:
2400:
2396:
2391:
2387:
2068:
1847:
1241:
813:, came under bombardment by PLA artillery and were forced to withdraw permanently from Chinese territorial waters.
49:
2987:
2967:
1006:
2668:
2664:
2529:
2039:
1425:
756:
2676:
2624:
1063:
at about three o'clock in the afternoon and was immediately bombarded. The shelling was too heavy to approach
2914:
2716:
2692:
2573:
2533:
2524:
2237:
852:
687:
620:
285:
1364:, was part of the staff of the British Embassy at Nanjing. He negotiated unsuccessfully for the release of
2992:
2962:
2793:
2789:
2473:
2128:
1103:
therefore had to continue downstream out of the firing area with ten men killed and twenty-three wounded.
828:
767:
724:
625:
2803:
2269:
2258:
1989:
1357:
1259:
sent the signal "Have rejoined the fleet south of Wusong. No damage. No casualties. God save the King".
1005:
had received more than fifty hits and holes below the waterline were plugged with hammocks and bedding.
1001:
By the time the shelling stopped at about 11:00, twenty-two men had been killed and thirty-one wounded.
2554:
2478:
2344:
2138:
1328:
1180:, admitted that it was his troops that fired first, thinking it was an American naval intervention.)
1031:
785:
401:
333:
2827:
2756:
2546:
2333:
2311:
2188:
2158:
918:
were unfurled on either side of the ship, after which there was no more firing from this battery.
862:
778:
692:
649:
373:
312:
122:
1415:, many Nationalist defenders either surrendered, deserted or defected with negligible resistance.
2696:
2634:
2247:
2210:
2178:
1825:
1712:"Post World War 2 – Contemporary AccountsHMS AMETHYST INCIDENT, YANGTSE RIVER, April to May 1949"
1248:, which had their searchlights sweeping the river. At 05:25 a planned meeting with the destroyer
117:
1934:
1909:
1390:(sometimes referred to as "the animals' Victoria Cross"). He remains the only cat so honoured.
2997:
2882:
2858:
2840:
2746:
2688:
2684:
2672:
2558:
2440:
2340:
2322:
2318:
2168:
2078:
1736:
1679:
1610:
1579:
1551:
1293:
1285:
to augment the ship's company, and the two ships proceeded to Hong Kong. Next day the cruiser
1249:
1017:
1013:
954:
903:
881:
840:
824:
792:
752:
682:
662:
592:
356:
340:
319:
104:
891:
for the British Embassy there. According to the Royal Navy, at about 08:31, after a burst of
2872:
2868:
2817:
2680:
2542:
2373:
2031:
1895:
1817:
1458:
1286:
1009:
958:
914:
ignored the warning and continued to cruise towards Nanjing. Speed was increased, and large
806:
672:
667:
509:
129:
1782:
2807:
2566:
2562:
2458:
2351:
1969:
1472:
1153:
799:
391:
326:
964:
The order was given to fire in local control with each turret firing independently, but
2301:
1099:
sustained further damage and casualties during which the ship's steering was affected.
1037:(Captain Jay) to go from Shanghai to Jiangyin, 40 mi (64 km) down river from
947:
771:
228:
1896:"Page 3813 | Issue 38683, 5 August 1949 | London Gazette | the Gazette"
1760:
1525:
1470:
Ted Duran played Kerans in a scene portraying the Amethyst incident in the 2019 movie
1457:
was brought out of storage to play itself. As its engines were no longer operational,
2951:
2771:
1711:
1654:
1493:
1379:
1292:(flying the flag of the Flag Officer Second in Command Far East Fleet) and destroyer
1190:
1087:) and soon signalled that it had silenced most of the opposition. Half an hour later
821:
748:
559:
2108:
2088:
1859:
1432:
1387:
1361:
1046:
859:
810:
516:
2520:
17:
2644:
2362:
2230:
2199:
2098:
1407:
1403:
1383:
1115:
1050:
383:
2850:
2736:
2462:
2220:
2148:
1399:
915:
892:
888:
856:
844:
774:
635:
352:
348:
258:
185:
172:
1959:
1316:
900:
530:
35:
2280:
2011:
943:
931:
873:
537:
163:
938:
might attack and therefore began firing without having been fired upon.
1829:
1732:
Hostage on the Yangtze: Britain, China, and the Amethyst Crisis of 1949
1680:"The Yangtze Incident 1949 – Britain's Last War in China – Mark Felton"
1575:
Hostage on the Yangtze: Britain, China, and the Amethyst Crisis of 1949
877:
1844:
Recasting the Imperial Far East: Britain and America in China, 1945-50
1213:
The movement of both ships was spotted, and both were challenged. The
483:
480:
477:
474:
471:
468:
452:
449:
446:
443:
440:
437:
2514:
2509:
2491:
2468:
1245:
1177:
1095:
in tow, having turned downstream again. This attempt also failed and
987:
751:
for three months in the summer of 1949, during the late phase of the
2409:
1821:
906:
on the north bank of the river fired a salvo of ten shells to warn
1634:"The untold rescue of the HMS Amethyst during the Yangtse Incident"
2592:
1323:
Please convey to the commanding officer and ship's company of HMS
809:
along the Yangtze had been unchallenged previously since the late
293:
1402:
considered the incident a great victory for the Chinese nation.
1233:, which was sunk by the gunfire, with many civilian casualties.
27:
Incident during the Chinese civil war involving the British navy
2413:
2035:
563:
1311:
was sent to Japan, after its complement was sworn to secrecy.
1229:
sped past. The fire of the batteries was then directed at the
1071:
therefore passed the other ship at cruising speed down river.
1049:
and three Union flags, steaming down from Nanjing, at 29
29:
1492:
Nanjing was then romanized as Nanking and is situated on the
1315:
subsequently received a message of congratulations from King
1345:
Soon after, on 5 August 1949, Lt Cdr Kerans was awarded the
827:
in China and as one of the last nails in the coffin for the
370:
1 heavy cruiser, 1 destroyer and 1 frigate slightly damaged
1882:
Yangtze Showdown: China and the Ordeal of the HMS Amethyst
1552:"THE YANGTZE INCIDENT 1949 – BRITAIN'S LAST WAR IN CHINA"
1526:"HMS AMETHYST INCIDENT, YANGTSE RIVER, April to May 1949"
1107:
Refloating and the arrival of Lieutenant Commander Kerans
816:
The incident has been widely celebrated in the communist
542:
1075:
then turned two miles (3.2 km) and again closed on
872:
Bernard Skinner, was cruising on the river Yangtze from
1463:, a similar-looking ship, was used for pictures of the
1265:
had been ordered to prepare to provide gun support to
1163:, were bombarded intensely as they attempted to help
521:
79:"Yangtse Incident" redirects here. For the film, see
2292:
2067:
536:
529:
515:
508:
503:
491:
460:
429:
420:
1982:"The Yangtse Incident:the story of HMS Amethyst"
1694:"THE YANGTSE INCIDENT (Hansard, 26 April 1949)"
1321:
820:as a milestone incident that marked the end of
94:
1167:, and retreated with 3 killed and 14 wounded.
1140:On 21 April, a signal was received: "HM ships
81:Yangtse Incident: The Story of H.M.S. Amethyst
2425:
2047:
1023:(Commander Robertson) to go from Nanjing, to
575:
466:
435:
8:
2761:Wartime perception of the Chinese Communists
1152:down stream. Be ready to move." The cruiser
747:, was a historic event that occurred on the
1988:. British Lion Holdings Ltd. Archived from
1438:Yangtse Incident: The Story of HMS Amethyst
973:causing more damage and casualties aboard.
143:20 April – 30 July 1949
2602:
2432:
2418:
2410:
2054:
2040:
2032:
582:
568:
560:
500:
205:British forces expelled from Yangtze River
91:
2062:Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in 1949
1875:
1873:
1370:Member of the Order of the British Empire
1806:. (Shanghai, 1988) pp.272–276. Cited in
1783:"Royal Navy (RN) Officers 1939–1945 – W"
60:of all important aspects of the article.
1517:
1485:
1281:transferred members of her own crew to
930:approached Jiangyin (then romanized as
1655:"HMS Amethyst Incident, Yangtze River"
1649:
1647:
417:
56:Please consider expanding the lead to
1185:CPC insisted that it was illegal for
643:Resumption of hostilities (1945–1949)
7:
380:22 killed, 31 wounded, 1 cat wounded
1935:"Wartime hero cat Simon remembered"
1884:. Seaforth Publishing. p. 140.
1866:. Roundtuit Publishing. p. 93.
1441:(in the USA released most often as
1632:Dailyrecord.co.uk (3 March 2010).
1148:are moving up river to escort the
25:
1729:Murfett, Malcolm (15 July 2014).
1435:played Kerans for the 1957 movie
1225:blacked out its lights while the
762:(PLA), who were in the middle of
2973:International maritime incidents
2901:ROC Government retreat to Taiwan
2585:
2572:
2553:
2537:
2528:
2519:
2508:
2490:
2477:
2467:
2457:
2395:
2390:
1607:"What was the Yangtse Incident?"
608:Outline of the Chinese Civil War
292:
279:
264:
251:
237:
221:
116:
34:
2890:Yangtze River Crossing campaign
1406:later remarked: "The era where
1012:, the second in command of the
969:batteries continued to bombard
957:Geoffrey L. Weston, the ship's
543:
110:Yangtze River Crossing campaign
88:Yangtze River Crossing campaign
48:may be too short to adequately
2983:China–United Kingdom relations
1277:After a brief stay at anchor,
1091:made a second attempt to take
1030:s assistance, and the frigate
805:. The British warships, whose
631:Japanese invasion of Manchuria
522:
467:
436:
271:Republic of China Armed Forces
58:provide an accessible overview
1:
2930:Kuomintang Islamic insurgency
2905:PRC incorporation of Xinjiang
2497:Constitutional ROC Government
1810:The Pacific Historical Review
1303:as escort and proceeded with
1079:to take the ship in tow, but
1053:(54 km/h; 33 mph).
839:On 20 April 1949, during the
715:Kuomintang Islamic insurgency
2919:Wanshan Archipelago Campaign
2655:Chinese Communist Revolution
1349:for his actions in bringing
1240:approached the PLA forts at
1217:answered correctly, whereas
922:Initial damage and grounding
755:. The incident involved the
2515:Republic of China on Taiwan
2483:National Revolutionary Army
2451:Principal belligerents and
1347:Distinguished Service Order
1236:At 05:00 hours on 31 July,
1085:4.5-inch (114 mm) guns
887:, which had been posted as
3014:
2978:Maritime incidents in 1949
2727:Fujian People's Government
2593:People's Republic of China
1550:Felton, Mark (July 2015).
1423:The American radio series
1368:. Youde was later made a
1129:Attempted assistance from
1045:was sighted, flying seven
818:People's Republic of China
764:a river-crossing offensive
128:, photographed during the
85:
78:
2600:
2447:
2385:
1910:"Simon - Dickin Medal 54"
1757:"Security Check Required"
1735:. Naval Institute Press.
1578:. Naval Institute Press.
1572:Murfett, Malcolm (1991).
1121:During the next few days
602:
554:
499:
425:
368:1 frigate heavily damaged
362:
306:
213:
135:
115:
102:
2578:People's Liberation Army
1255:occurred, at which time
1016:, ordered the destroyer
951:low power room was hit.
897:People's Liberation Army
843:between the nationalist
760:People's Liberation Army
431:Traditional Chinese
299:People's Liberation Army
2717:Chinese Soviet Republic
2693:Autumn Harvest Uprising
986:who had been landed by
853:Chinese Communist Party
621:Autumn Harvest Uprising
615:First Phase (1927–1937)
462:Simplified Chinese
2915:Hainan Island campaign
2794:Double Tenth Agreement
2790:Chongqing Negotiations
2707:Encirclement campaigns
1880:Izzard, Brian (2015).
1864:Life on the Ocean Wave
1842:Xiang, Lanxin. (2016)
1447:Escape of the Amethyst
1333:
1211:Kiang Ling Liberation.
829:Century of Humiliation
768:Nationalist Government
626:Encirclement campaigns
544:zi sek jing hou si gin
495:Amethyst ship Incident
2804:Jiaochangkou Incident
1358:Governor of Hong Kong
1231:Kiang Ling Liberation
1223:Kiang Ling Liberation
1215:Kiang Ling Liberation
1207:Kiang Ling Liberation
725:Cross-strait conflict
398:15 killed, 13 wounded
388:10 killed, 23 wounded
363:Casualties and losses
1968:14 June 2012 at the
1451:Their Greatest Glory
1329:Splice the mainbrace
977:Attempted evacuation
870:Lieutenant Commander
743:, also known as the
186:32.3056°N 119.7196°E
2757:Second United Front
2677:Nanjing–Wuhan split
2625:Sun–Joffe Manifesto
2474:National Government
182: /
2697:Guangzhou Uprising
2635:First United Front
1986:British Lion Films
1453:). For the movie,
720:China–Burma border
523:zǐ shíyīng shìjiàn
286:Chinese Communists
2958:Conflicts in 1949
2945:
2944:
2940:
2939:
2935:
2934:
2859:Liaoshen campaign
2841:Yu Zisan Incident
2808:Peiping rape case
2777:
2776:
2689:Nanchang uprising
2685:Little Long March
2673:Shanghai massacre
2463:Nationalist Party
2441:Chinese Civil War
2407:
2406:
2012:"Mao Zedong 1949"
1941:. 1 November 2007
1846:Routledge Press.
1698:api.parliament.uk
1613:on 7 October 2017
1372:for his actions.
1201:On 30 July 1949,
1189:to cruise in the
1014:East Indies Fleet
849:Republic of China
841:Chinese Civil War
825:gunboat diplomacy
766:to overthrow the
753:Chinese Civil War
733:
732:
594:Chinese Civil War
591:Campaigns of the
558:
557:
550:
549:
510:Standard Mandarin
421:Amethyst incident
416:
415:
357:artillery battery
245:Republic of China
209:
208:
191:32.3056; 119.7196
105:Chinese Civil War
75:
74:
18:Amethyst Incident
16:(Redirected from
3005:
2988:Riverine warfare
2968:Combat incidents
2873:Pingjin campaign
2869:Huaihai campaign
2818:Marshall Mission
2783:
2782:
2669:Shanghai Commune
2665:Nanking incident
2618:
2617:
2603:
2591:
2589:
2588:
2576:
2557:
2541:
2532:
2523:
2513:
2512:
2501:ROC Armed Forces
2495:
2494:
2481:
2472:
2471:
2461:
2434:
2427:
2420:
2411:
2399:
2394:
2378:
2368:
2357:
2328:
2306:
2285:
2275:
2264:
2253:
2242:
2225:
2215:
2205:
2194:
2183:
2173:
2163:
2160:Empire Conyngham
2153:
2143:
2133:
2123:
2113:
2103:
2093:
2083:
2056:
2049:
2042:
2033:
2027:
2026:
2024:
2022:
2008:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1997:
1992:on 7 August 2016
1978:
1972:
1961:Log of the Marne
1957:
1951:
1950:
1948:
1946:
1931:
1925:
1924:
1922:
1920:
1906:
1900:
1899:
1892:
1886:
1885:
1877:
1868:
1867:
1856:
1850:
1840:
1834:
1833:
1800:
1794:
1793:
1791:
1789:
1779:
1773:
1772:
1770:
1768:
1763:on 14 April 2015
1759:. Archived from
1753:
1747:
1746:
1726:
1720:
1719:
1716:Navalhistory.net
1708:
1702:
1701:
1690:
1684:
1683:
1676:
1670:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1651:
1642:
1641:
1629:
1623:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1609:. Archived from
1603:
1597:
1596:
1594:
1592:
1569:
1563:
1562:
1560:
1558:
1547:
1541:
1540:
1538:
1536:
1522:
1506:
1502:
1496:
1490:
1394:Chinese response
1341:British response
1029:
1010:Alexander Madden
994:Assistance from
959:first lieutenant
807:right of passage
745:Yangtze incident
597:
595:
584:
577:
570:
561:
546:
545:
525:
524:
501:
487:
486:
456:
455:
418:
297:
296:
284:
283:
282:
269:
268:
267:
257:
255:
254:
243:
241:
240:
227:
225:
224:
197:
196:
194:
193:
192:
187:
183:
180:
179:
178:
175:
154:
152:
148:
137:
136:
130:Second World War
120:
92:
70:
67:
61:
38:
30:
21:
3013:
3012:
3008:
3007:
3006:
3004:
3003:
3002:
2948:
2947:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2921:
2917:
2903:
2899:
2892:
2888:
2884:Taiping Steamer
2871:
2857:
2806:
2792:
2778:
2695:
2691:
2687:
2683:
2679:
2675:
2671:
2667:
2596:
2586:
2584:
2563:New Fourth Army
2534:Soviet Republic
2525:Communist Party
2517:
2507:
2489:
2466:
2443:
2438:
2408:
2403:
2381:
2371:
2360:
2331:
2309:
2299:
2293:Other incidents
2288:
2282:Empire Flamingo
2278:
2267:
2256:
2245:
2228:
2218:
2208:
2197:
2186:
2176:
2166:
2156:
2146:
2136:
2126:
2116:
2106:
2096:
2086:
2076:
2063:
2060:
2030:
2020:
2018:
2010:
2009:
2005:
1995:
1993:
1980:
1979:
1975:
1970:Wayback Machine
1958:
1954:
1944:
1942:
1933:
1932:
1928:
1918:
1916:
1914:www.pdsa.org.uk
1908:
1907:
1903:
1894:
1893:
1889:
1879:
1878:
1871:
1858:
1857:
1853:
1841:
1837:
1822:10.2307/3639947
1807:
1804:Zhengzhan jishi
1801:
1797:
1787:
1785:
1781:
1780:
1776:
1766:
1764:
1755:
1754:
1750:
1743:
1728:
1727:
1723:
1710:
1709:
1705:
1692:
1691:
1687:
1678:
1677:
1673:
1663:
1661:
1653:
1652:
1645:
1631:
1630:
1626:
1616:
1614:
1605:
1604:
1600:
1590:
1588:
1586:
1571:
1570:
1566:
1556:
1554:
1549:
1548:
1544:
1534:
1532:
1524:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1510:
1509:
1503:
1499:
1491:
1487:
1482:
1473:Mao Zedong 1949
1421:
1419:Popular culture
1396:
1343:
1338:
1199:
1173:
1138:
1109:
1027:
999:
979:
924:
868:, commanded by
837:
734:
729:
658:Northeast China
598:
593:
590:
588:
492:Literal meaning
399:
389:
381:
371:
369:
339:
332:
325:
318:
291:
280:
278:
265:
263:
252:
250:
238:
236:
235:
231:
222:
220:
190:
188:
184:
181:
176:
173:
171:
169:
168:
167:
150:
146:
144:
121:
107:
90:
84:
71:
65:
62:
55:
43:This article's
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3011:
3009:
3001:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2950:
2949:
2943:
2942:
2938:
2937:
2933:
2932:
2927:
2923:
2922:
2912:
2908:
2907:
2880:
2876:
2875:
2866:
2862:
2861:
2848:
2844:
2843:
2838:
2834:
2833:
2825:
2821:
2820:
2815:
2811:
2810:
2801:
2797:
2796:
2787:
2781:
2779:
2775:
2774:
2769:
2765:
2764:
2754:
2750:
2749:
2747:Xi'an Incident
2744:
2740:
2739:
2734:
2730:
2729:
2724:
2720:
2719:
2714:
2710:
2709:
2704:
2700:
2699:
2662:
2658:
2657:
2652:
2648:
2647:
2642:
2638:
2637:
2632:
2628:
2627:
2622:
2616:
2613:
2612:
2607:
2601:
2598:
2597:
2559:8th Route Army
2550:Liberated Area
2456:
2455:
2448:
2445:
2444:
2439:
2437:
2436:
2429:
2422:
2414:
2405:
2404:
2386:
2383:
2382:
2380:
2379:
2369:
2358:
2329:
2307:
2296:
2294:
2290:
2289:
2287:
2286:
2279:Unknown date:
2276:
2265:
2254:
2243:
2226:
2216:
2206:
2195:
2184:
2174:
2170:Prinses Astrid
2164:
2154:
2144:
2134:
2124:
2114:
2104:
2094:
2084:
2073:
2071:
2065:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2058:
2051:
2044:
2036:
2029:
2028:
2003:
1973:
1952:
1926:
1901:
1887:
1869:
1851:
1835:
1795:
1774:
1748:
1741:
1721:
1703:
1685:
1671:
1643:
1624:
1598:
1584:
1564:
1542:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1507:
1497:
1484:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1467:moving .
1445:, but also as
1420:
1417:
1413:river crossing
1395:
1392:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1307:to Hong Kong.
1198:
1195:
1172:
1169:
1137:
1127:
1108:
1105:
998:
992:
978:
975:
948:Leading Seaman
946:on the wheel,
923:
920:
836:
833:
731:
730:
728:
727:
722:
717:
712:
706:
705:
701:
700:
695:
690:
685:
680:
675:
670:
665:
660:
655:
646:
645:
639:
638:
633:
628:
623:
617:
616:
612:
611:
603:
600:
599:
589:
587:
586:
579:
572:
564:
556:
555:
552:
551:
548:
547:
540:
534:
533:
531:Yue: Cantonese
527:
526:
519:
513:
512:
506:
505:
504:Transcriptions
497:
496:
493:
489:
488:
464:
458:
457:
433:
427:
426:
423:
422:
414:
413:
410:
365:
364:
360:
359:
346:
309:
308:
304:
303:
302:
301:
275:
274:
273:
261:
229:United Kingdom
216:
215:
211:
210:
207:
206:
203:
199:
198:
162:
160:
156:
155:
141:
133:
132:
113:
112:
100:
99:
73:
72:
52:the key points
42:
40:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3010:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2993:Yangtze River
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2963:1949 in China
2961:
2959:
2956:
2955:
2953:
2931:
2928:
2925:
2924:
2920:
2916:
2913:
2910:
2909:
2906:
2902:
2898:
2896:
2891:
2887:
2885:
2881:
2878:
2877:
2874:
2870:
2867:
2864:
2863:
2860:
2856:
2854:
2849:
2846:
2845:
2842:
2839:
2836:
2835:
2832:
2831:
2826:
2823:
2822:
2819:
2816:
2813:
2812:
2809:
2805:
2802:
2799:
2798:
2795:
2791:
2788:
2785:
2784:
2780:
2773:
2772:Dixie Mission
2770:
2767:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2755:
2752:
2751:
2748:
2745:
2742:
2741:
2738:
2735:
2732:
2731:
2728:
2725:
2722:
2721:
2718:
2715:
2712:
2711:
2708:
2705:
2702:
2701:
2698:
2694:
2690:
2686:
2682:
2678:
2674:
2670:
2666:
2663:
2660:
2659:
2656:
2653:
2650:
2649:
2646:
2643:
2640:
2639:
2636:
2633:
2630:
2629:
2626:
2623:
2620:
2619:
2615:
2614:
2611:
2608:
2605:
2604:
2599:
2595:
2594:
2583:
2579:
2575:
2571:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2551:
2548:
2544:
2540:
2535:
2531:
2526:
2522:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2502:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2484:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2464:
2460:
2454:
2450:
2449:
2446:
2442:
2435:
2430:
2428:
2423:
2421:
2416:
2415:
2412:
2402:
2398:
2393:
2389:
2384:
2377:
2376:
2370:
2367:
2366:
2359:
2356:
2355:
2349:
2348:
2342:
2338:
2337:
2330:
2327:
2326:
2320:
2316:
2315:
2308:
2305:
2304:
2298:
2297:
2295:
2291:
2284:
2283:
2277:
2274:
2273:
2266:
2263:
2262:
2255:
2252:
2251:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2235:
2234:
2227:
2224:
2223:
2217:
2214:
2213:
2207:
2204:
2203:
2196:
2193:
2192:
2185:
2182:
2181:
2175:
2172:
2171:
2165:
2162:
2161:
2155:
2152:
2151:
2145:
2142:
2141:
2135:
2132:
2131:
2125:
2122:
2121:
2115:
2112:
2111:
2105:
2102:
2101:
2095:
2092:
2091:
2085:
2082:
2081:
2075:
2074:
2072:
2070:
2066:
2057:
2052:
2050:
2045:
2043:
2038:
2037:
2034:
2017:
2013:
2007:
2004:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1977:
1974:
1971:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1956:
1953:
1940:
1936:
1930:
1927:
1915:
1911:
1905:
1902:
1897:
1891:
1888:
1883:
1876:
1874:
1870:
1865:
1861:
1860:Eberle, James
1855:
1852:
1849:
1845:
1839:
1836:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1805:
1799:
1796:
1784:
1778:
1775:
1762:
1758:
1752:
1749:
1744:
1742:9781612513218
1738:
1734:
1733:
1725:
1722:
1717:
1713:
1707:
1704:
1699:
1695:
1689:
1686:
1681:
1675:
1672:
1660:
1659:Naval History
1656:
1650:
1648:
1644:
1639:
1635:
1628:
1625:
1612:
1608:
1602:
1599:
1587:
1585:9781612513218
1581:
1577:
1576:
1568:
1565:
1553:
1546:
1543:
1531:
1530:Naval History
1527:
1521:
1518:
1512:
1501:
1498:
1495:
1494:Yangtze River
1489:
1486:
1479:
1477:
1475:
1474:
1468:
1466:
1462:
1461:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1439:
1434:
1430:
1428:
1427:
1418:
1416:
1414:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1393:
1391:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1354:
1352:
1348:
1340:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1326:
1320:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1297:
1291:
1290:
1284:
1280:
1275:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1258:
1254:
1253:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1234:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1196:
1194:
1192:
1191:Yangtze River
1188:
1183:
1179:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1157:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1126:
1124:
1119:
1117:
1113:
1106:
1104:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1052:
1048:
1047:White Ensigns
1044:
1040:
1036:
1035:
1026:
1022:
1021:
1015:
1011:
1008:
1004:
997:
993:
991:
989:
985:
976:
974:
972:
967:
962:
960:
956:
952:
949:
945:
939:
937:
933:
929:
926:At 09:30, as
921:
919:
917:
913:
909:
905:
902:
898:
894:
890:
886:
885:
880:, to replace
879:
875:
871:
867:
866:
861:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
834:
832:
830:
826:
823:
819:
814:
812:
808:
804:
803:
797:
796:
790:
789:
783:
782:
776:
773:
769:
765:
761:
758:
754:
750:
749:Yangtze River
746:
742:
740:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
707:
703:
702:
699:
696:
694:
691:
689:
686:
684:
681:
679:
678:Yangtze River
676:
674:
671:
669:
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
654:
653:
648:
647:
644:
641:
640:
637:
634:
632:
629:
627:
624:
622:
619:
618:
614:
613:
610:
609:
605:
604:
601:
596:
585:
580:
578:
573:
571:
566:
565:
562:
553:
541:
539:
535:
532:
528:
520:
518:
514:
511:
507:
502:
498:
494:
490:
485:
482:
479:
476:
473:
470:
465:
463:
459:
454:
451:
448:
445:
442:
439:
434:
432:
428:
424:
419:
411:
408:
406:
405:
397:
395:
394:
387:
385:
379:
377:
376:
367:
366:
361:
358:
354:
350:
347:
345:
344:
338:
337:
331:
330:
324:
323:
317:
316:
311:
310:
305:
300:
295:
290:
289:
288:
287:
276:
272:
262:
260:
249:
248:
247:
246:
234:
233:Supported by:
230:
218:
217:
212:
204:
201:
200:
195:
165:
161:
158:
157:
142:
139:
138:
134:
131:
127:
126:
119:
114:
111:
106:
101:
97:
93:
89:
82:
77:
69:
59:
53:
51:
46:
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
2894:
2893:
2883:
2852:
2829:
2681:715 Incident
2518:
2374:
2364:
2353:
2346:
2335:
2324:
2313:
2302:
2281:
2271:
2260:
2249:
2238:
2232:
2221:
2211:
2201:
2190:
2179:
2169:
2159:
2149:
2139:
2129:
2119:
2109:
2099:
2089:
2079:
2019:. Retrieved
2015:
2006:
1994:. Retrieved
1990:the original
1985:
1976:
1960:
1955:
1943:. Retrieved
1938:
1929:
1917:. Retrieved
1913:
1904:
1890:
1881:
1863:
1854:
1843:
1838:
1813:
1809:
1803:
1798:
1786:. Retrieved
1777:
1765:. Retrieved
1761:the original
1751:
1731:
1724:
1715:
1706:
1697:
1688:
1682:. July 2015.
1674:
1662:. Retrieved
1658:
1637:
1627:
1615:. Retrieved
1611:the original
1601:
1589:. Retrieved
1574:
1567:
1555:. Retrieved
1545:
1533:. Retrieved
1529:
1520:
1500:
1488:
1471:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1437:
1433:Richard Todd
1431:
1424:
1422:
1408:Imperialists
1397:
1388:Dickin Medal
1375:
1374:
1365:
1362:Edward Youde
1355:
1350:
1344:
1324:
1322:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1295:
1288:
1282:
1278:
1276:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1237:
1235:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1200:
1186:
1181:
1174:
1171:Negotiations
1164:
1160:
1159:, alongside
1155:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1139:
1134:
1130:
1122:
1120:
1111:
1110:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1055:
1042:
1038:
1033:
1024:
1019:
1007:Rear Admiral
1002:
1000:
995:
983:
980:
970:
965:
963:
953:
940:
935:
927:
925:
911:
907:
883:
864:
838:
815:
811:Qing dynasty
801:
794:
787:
780:
744:
738:
737:
735:
651:
606:
517:Hanyu Pinyin
403:
400:
392:
390:
382:
374:
372:
342:
335:
328:
321:
314:
277:
232:
219:
214:Belligerents
124:
103:Part of the
95:
76:
63:
47:
45:lead section
2645:Canton Coup
2189:HMNZS
1945:22 November
1919:22 November
1638:dailyrecord
1443:Battle Hell
1404:Peng Dehuai
1353:to safety.
1116:John Kerans
916:Union flags
835:Description
770:, and four
189: /
177:119°43′11″E
2952:Categories
2828:Operation
2737:Long March
2347:Black Swan
2303:Queen Mary
2272:Implacable
2180:Swan Point
2069:Shipwrecks
1816:(4): 533.
1664:30 October
1617:4 November
1513:References
1400:Mao Zedong
1380:ship's cat
1161:Black Swan
1146:Black Swan
1135:Black Swan
1034:Black Swan
955:Lieutenant
893:small arms
889:guard ship
857:Royal Navy
845:Kuomintang
788:Black Swan
775:Royal Navy
650:Operation
636:Long March
404:Black Swan
353:field guns
349:Small arms
336:Black Swan
259:Kuomintang
174:32°18′20″N
151:1949-07-30
147:1949-04-20
86:See also:
2926:1950–1958
2865:1948–1949
2830:Beleaguer
2824:1945–1949
2814:1945–1947
2753:1937–1946
2733:1934–1936
2723:1933–1934
2713:1931–1934
2703:1930–1934
2651:1927–1949
2610:Post-1945
2453:campaigns
2365:Yong Xing
2352:HMS
2345:HMS
2341:grounding
2334:HMS
2323:HMS
2319:grounding
2312:HMS
2270:HMS
2259:USS
2200:USS
2140:Magdalena
2110:Guararema
1398:Chairman
1336:Aftermath
1317:George VI
1299:replaced
1294:HMS
1287:HMS
1250:HMS
1203:Amethyst'
1154:HMS
1032:HMS
1018:HMS
901:field gun
882:HMS
863:HMS
800:HMS
793:HMS
786:HMS
779:HMS
757:Communist
704:Aftermath
693:Guningtou
652:Beleaguer
409:7 wounded
402:HMS
341:HMS
334:HMS
327:HMS
320:HMS
313:HMS
66:June 2024
50:summarize
2998:Jiangyin
2897:Incident
2895:Amethyst
2886:Incident
2855:incident
2606:Pre-1945
2543:Red Army
2372:19 Oct:
2336:Amethyst
2332:26 Apr:
2314:Amethyst
2310:20 Apr:
2261:Chehalis
2250:Fournier
2229:19 Sep:
2219:14 Sep:
2212:Chaksang
2198:26 Aug:
2191:Philomel
2177:31 Jul:
2167:21 Jun:
2157:20 Jun:
2137:25 Apr:
2127:30 Mar:
2117:17 Mar:
2100:Katowice
2077:27 Jan:
2021:24 March
1996:27 April
1966:Archived
1939:BBC News
1862:(2007).
1848:page 191
1802:Ye Fei.
1465:Amethyst
1455:Amethyst
1426:Suspense
1382:, named
1376:Amethyst
1366:Amethyst
1351:Amethyst
1325:AMETHYST
1313:Amethyst
1305:Amethyst
1283:Amethyst
1271:Amethyst
1267:Amethyst
1257:Amethyst
1238:Amethyst
1227:Amethyst
1219:Amethyst
1187:Amethyst
1182:Amethyst
1165:Amethyst
1150:Amethyst
1123:Amethyst
1112:Amethyst
1093:Amethyst
1077:Amethyst
1065:Amethyst
1061:Amethyst
1059:reached
1039:Amethyst
1025:Amethyst
1003:Amethyst
984:Amethyst
971:Amethyst
966:Amethyst
944:coxswain
936:Amethyst
932:Kiangyin
928:Amethyst
912:Amethyst
908:Amethyst
895:fire, a
874:Shanghai
865:Amethyst
851:and the
781:Amethyst
741:incident
739:Amethyst
710:Xinjiang
683:Shanghai
663:Liaoshen
538:Jyutping
375:Amethyst
315:Amethyst
307:Strength
164:Jiangyin
159:Location
149: –
125:Amethyst
108:and the
98:incident
96:Amethyst
2853:Kiangya
2375:Liberté
2361:1 May:
2325:Consort
2300:1 Jan:
2268:2 Dec:
2257:7 Oct:
2246:4 Oct:
2231:US FWS
2222:Noronic
2209:7 Sep:
2202:Cochino
2187:8 Aug:
2150:Norjerv
2147:3 Jun:
2120:Galatée
2107:4 Mar:
2097:1 Mar:
2090:Prenton
2087:9 Feb:
2080:Taiping
1830:3639947
1356:Future
1309:Concord
1301:Concord
1296:Cossack
1289:Jamaica
1279:Concord
1263:Concord
1252:Concord
1242:Baoshan
1101:Consort
1097:Consort
1089:Consort
1081:Consort
1073:Consort
1069:Consort
1057:Consort
1043:Consort
1020:Consort
996:Consort
904:battery
884:Consort
878:Nanjing
822:Western
795:Consort
772:British
698:Wanshan
673:Pingjin
668:Huaihai
384:Consort
343:Concord
322:Consort
166:, China
145: (
2590:
2354:London
2239:U-1105
2233:Scoter
1828:
1739:
1591:15 May
1582:
1557:15 May
1535:15 May
1505:event.
1460:Magpie
1378:had a
1246:Wusong
1197:Escape
1178:Ye Fei
1156:London
1142:London
1131:London
988:sampan
899:(PLA)
855:, the
802:London
777:ships
688:Hainan
393:London
329:London
256:
242:
226:
202:Result
2363:ROCS
1963:1951.
1826:JSTOR
1788:1 May
1767:1 May
1480:Notes
1384:Simon
1028:'
860:sloop
847:-led
2911:1950
2879:1949
2847:1948
2837:1947
2800:1946
2786:1945
2768:1944
2743:1936
2661:1927
2641:1926
2631:1924
2621:1923
2567:etc.
2401:1950
2388:1948
2248:ARA
2023:2023
2016:IMDb
1998:2016
1947:2019
1921:2019
1790:2016
1769:2016
1737:ISBN
1666:2018
1619:2018
1593:2019
1580:ISBN
1559:2019
1537:2019
1449:and
1244:and
1144:and
1133:and
1067:and
798:and
736:The
140:Date
123:HMS
2851:SS
2343:),
2321:),
2130:Dan
1818:doi
1193:).
876:to
412:252
2954::
2580:)
2565:,
2561:,
2545:)
2527:/
2503:)
2485:)
2465:/
2350:,
2236:,
2014:.
1984:.
1937:.
1912:.
1872:^
1824:.
1814:63
1812:.
1714:.
1696:.
1657:.
1646:^
1636:.
1528:.
1476:.
1360:,
1319::
1051:kn
1041:.
831:.
791:,
784:,
355:,
351:,
2763:)
2759:(
2582:→
2570:→
2552:(
2547:→
2536:(
2505:→
2499:(
2487:→
2476:(
2433:e
2426:t
2419:v
2339:(
2317:(
2055:e
2048:t
2041:v
2025:.
2000:.
1949:.
1923:.
1898:.
1832:.
1820::
1792:.
1771:.
1745:.
1718:.
1700:.
1668:.
1640:.
1621:.
1595:.
1561:.
1539:.
1331:.
583:e
576:t
569:v
484:件
481:事
478:号
475:英
472:石
469:紫
453:件
450:事
447:號
444:英
441:石
438:紫
407::
396::
386::
378::
153:)
83:.
68:)
64:(
54:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
