752:
61:
720:
39:
736:
704:
860:
Hendler,G. Ophiuroid
Skeleton Ontogeny Reveals Homologies Among Skeletal Plates of Adults: A Study of Amphiura filiformis, Amphiura stimpsonii and Ophiophragmus filograneus (Echinodermata), Biol.Bull. 174:20-29.(Feb.1988)
912:
R.L.Turner, Effects of Long-Term
Exposure to Low Salinity on the Brackish-water Amphiurid Brittlestar Ophiophragmus filograneus (Lyman, 1875) From the Indian River Lagoon, Florida.Florida Scientist, Vol 70, 4
842:
P.Brehm, J.G. Morin. Localization and
Characterization of Luminescent Cells in Ophiopsila californica and Amphipholis squamata (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) Biological Bulletin, Vol. 152, No. 1 (Feb., 1977)
786:
Though most amphiurid brittlestars broadcast their eggs and sperm into the sea, many species in this family are "brooders" and carry their young in bursae. One species,
1076:
1115:
806:
J. Roman, G. Breton, and C. Vadon. 1993. Ophiurides et Astéride (Echinodermata) du
Tithonien de Canjuers (Var, France). Annales de Paléontologie 79(1):1-18
1230:
1050:
1089:
851:
Dewael Y, Mallefet J., Luminescence in ophiuroids (Echinodermata) does not share a common nervous control in all species, J Exp Biol. 2002 Mar;205
833:
Hendler,G, Development of
Amphioplus abditus (Verrill) (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea): I. Larval Biology,Biol.Bull., Vol.152, No.1 (Feb., 1977)
824:
Yamashita,M., Embryonic
Development of the Brittle-Star Amphipholis kochii in Laboratory Culture, Biol. Bull. 169: 131-142(Aug., 1985)
901:
751:
1187:
790:
from the
Monterey Peninsula of California, was found with up to 11 brooding embryos in one adult (Hendler and Bundrick, 2001).
218:
1094:
922:
Hendler, G. & Bundrick, C. 2001. A new brooding brittle star from
California (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Amphiuridae).
1102:
1225:
1011:
998:
229:
Amphiuridae are the most diverse family of
Ophiurida with over 200 species. The family contains the following genera:
60:
771:
Amphiuridae are found in oceans worldwide from tropics to Arctic and
Antarctic regions, with some species living in
719:
1120:
735:
703:
489:
1220:
889:
726:
445:
137:
938:
649:
742:
1151:
1016:
190:
184:
815:
P.Lambert, Checklist of the Echinoderms of British Columbia (April 2007), Royal British Columbia Museum
619:
1169:
1215:
1192:
1130:
1037:
985:
758:
679:
469:
47:
869:
278:
710:
690:
579:
569:
328:
609:
519:
415:
258:
629:
589:
529:
499:
425:
395:
338:
298:
288:
268:
199:
55:
549:
539:
435:
375:
365:
318:
308:
1156:
599:
559:
355:
1138:
1024:
659:
248:
1143:
1081:
976:
775:
water. They live mostly by burrowing in the seafloor or hiding under rocks. Most of them are
1179:
459:
215:
171:
639:
38:
195:
179:
122:
1209:
990:
1029:
1003:
924:
Contributions in Science from the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 486
175:
102:
783:
feeders, using their long arms to direct organic materials towards their mouths.
1107:
1063:
970:
509:
479:
385:
961:
92:
214:
Amphiuridae are generally small brittlestars. Their jaws are always with two
776:
345:
238:
112:
72:
955:
780:
772:
405:
28:
1068:
82:
1055:
932:
1164:
936:
182:. Some species are used to study echinoderm development (e.g.
1042:
945:
221:at the tip, and one or more papillae on each side.
870:MarineSpecies.org - Amphiuridae Ljungman, 1867
8:
673:In addition, two extinct genera are known:
933:
37:
20:
799:
699:
7:
1170:A9308528-8C09-FFFB-FF54-5F87FC84FDCA
1131:4a68be56-1242-4177-9881-7ea7539e7d85
164:long-armed burrowing brittle stars
14:
1231:Extant Jurassic first appearances
750:
734:
718:
702:
59:
779:feeding directly on algae, or
1:
1247:
233:
902:The Paleobiology Database
225:Systematics and phylogeny
150:
145:
56:Scientific classification
54:
45:
36:
23:
624:Guille & Wolff, 1984
168:burrowing brittle stars
16:Family of brittle stars
1152:Paleobiology Database
727:Amphioplus thrombodes
759:Amphipholis squamata
204:Amphipholis squamata
48:Amphipholis squamata
1226:Echinoderm families
743:Ophiocentrus aspera
711:Amphiodia pulchella
200:dwarf brittle star
191:Amphioplus abditus
185:Amphipholis kochii
1203:
1202:
1139:Open Tree of Life
939:Taxon identifiers
788:Amphiodia akosmos
696:
685:
671:
670:
665:
655:
645:
635:
625:
620:Paramphichondrius
615:
605:
595:
585:
575:
565:
555:
545:
535:
525:
515:
505:
495:
485:
475:
465:
451:
441:
440:A. M. Clark, 1970
431:
421:
411:
401:
391:
381:
371:
361:
351:
334:
324:
314:
304:
294:
284:
274:
264:
254:
244:
162:(commonly called
157:
156:
141:
1238:
1196:
1195:
1183:
1182:
1173:
1172:
1160:
1159:
1147:
1146:
1134:
1133:
1124:
1123:
1111:
1110:
1108:NHMSYS0021054154
1098:
1097:
1085:
1084:
1072:
1071:
1059:
1058:
1046:
1045:
1033:
1032:
1020:
1019:
1007:
1006:
994:
993:
981:
980:
979:
966:
965:
964:
934:
927:
920:
914:
910:
904:
899:
893:
878:
872:
867:
861:
858:
852:
849:
843:
840:
834:
831:
825:
822:
816:
813:
807:
804:
754:
738:
722:
706:
694:
683:
663:
654:A.M. Clark, 1970
653:
643:
633:
623:
613:
603:
593:
583:
573:
563:
553:
543:
533:
523:
513:
503:
493:
483:
473:
463:
449:
439:
429:
419:
409:
400:H.L. Clark, 1938
399:
389:
379:
369:
360:H.L. Clark, 1939
359:
349:
332:
322:
312:
302:
292:
282:
272:
262:
252:
242:
232:
231:
178:of the suborder
136:
64:
63:
41:
27:Temporal range:
21:
1246:
1245:
1241:
1240:
1239:
1237:
1236:
1235:
1206:
1205:
1204:
1199:
1191:
1186:
1178:
1176:
1168:
1163:
1155:
1150:
1142:
1137:
1129:
1127:
1119:
1114:
1106:
1101:
1093:
1088:
1080:
1075:
1067:
1062:
1054:
1049:
1041:
1036:
1028:
1023:
1015:
1010:
1002:
997:
989:
984:
975:
974:
969:
960:
959:
954:
941:
931:
930:
921:
917:
911:
907:
900:
896:
879:
875:
868:
864:
859:
855:
850:
846:
841:
837:
832:
828:
823:
819:
814:
810:
805:
801:
796:
769:
762:
755:
746:
739:
730:
723:
714:
707:
680:Deckersamphiura
614:Mortensen, 1940
504:Mortensen, 1933
470:Microphiopholis
323:Mortensen, 1933
273:Matsumoto, 1917
263:Matsumoto, 1917
227:
212:
210:Characteristics
196:bioluminescence
135:
58:
32:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1244:
1242:
1234:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1221:Gnathophiurina
1218:
1208:
1207:
1201:
1200:
1198:
1197:
1184:
1174:
1161:
1148:
1135:
1125:
1112:
1099:
1086:
1073:
1060:
1047:
1034:
1021:
1008:
995:
982:
967:
951:
949:
943:
942:
937:
929:
928:
915:
905:
894:
884:Thomas, 1966 (
873:
862:
853:
844:
835:
826:
817:
808:
798:
797:
795:
792:
768:
765:
764:
763:
756:
749:
747:
740:
733:
731:
724:
717:
715:
708:
701:
698:
697:
686:
669:
668:
667:
666:
656:
646:
636:
626:
616:
606:
596:
586:
576:
566:
556:
554:Djakonov, 1952
546:
536:
526:
516:
506:
496:
486:
476:
466:
454:
453:
452:
442:
432:
422:
412:
402:
392:
390:Ljungman, 1966
382:
372:
362:
352:
342:
335:
325:
315:
305:
295:
285:
279:Amphichondrius
275:
265:
255:
245:
226:
223:
211:
208:
180:Gnathophiurina
170:) are a large
155:
154:
148:
147:
143:
142:
130:
126:
125:
123:Gnathophiurina
120:
116:
115:
110:
106:
105:
100:
96:
95:
90:
86:
85:
80:
76:
75:
70:
66:
65:
52:
51:
43:
42:
34:
33:
26:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1243:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1213:
1211:
1194:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1175:
1171:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1126:
1122:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1000:
996:
992:
987:
983:
978:
972:
968:
963:
957:
953:
952:
950:
948:
944:
940:
935:
925:
919:
916:
909:
906:
903:
898:
895:
891:
888:Huxley 1859:
887:
883:
877:
874:
871:
866:
863:
857:
854:
848:
845:
839:
836:
830:
827:
821:
818:
812:
809:
803:
800:
793:
791:
789:
784:
782:
778:
774:
766:
761:
760:
753:
748:
745:
744:
737:
732:
729:
728:
721:
716:
713:
712:
705:
700:
693:
692:
691:Xanthamphiura
687:
682:
681:
676:
675:
674:
662:
661:
657:
652:
651:
647:
642:
641:
637:
634:Koehler, 1895
632:
631:
627:
622:
621:
617:
612:
611:
607:
602:
601:
597:
592:
591:
587:
582:
581:
580:Ophiophragmus
577:
572:
571:
570:Ophionephthys
567:
562:
561:
557:
552:
551:
547:
542:
541:
537:
532:
531:
527:
522:
521:
517:
514:Tommasi, 1965
512:
511:
507:
502:
501:
497:
492:
491:
487:
482:
481:
477:
472:
471:
467:
462:
461:
457:
456:
455:
448:
447:
443:
438:
437:
433:
428:
427:
423:
420:Verrill, 1899
418:
417:
413:
408:
407:
403:
398:
397:
393:
388:
387:
383:
380:Verrill, 1899
378:
377:
373:
368:
367:
363:
358:
357:
353:
350:Verrill, 1899
348:
347:
343:
341:
340:
336:
331:
330:
329:Amphinephthys
326:
321:
320:
316:
313:Verrill, 1899
311:
310:
306:
303:Nielsen, 1932
301:
300:
296:
291:
290:
286:
283:Nielsen, 1932
281:
280:
276:
271:
270:
266:
261:
260:
256:
251:
250:
246:
241:
240:
236:
235:
234:
230:
224:
222:
220:
217:
209:
207:
205:
201:
197:
193:
192:
187:
186:
181:
177:
176:brittle stars
173:
169:
165:
161:
153:
149:
144:
139:
134:
131:
128:
127:
124:
121:
118:
117:
114:
111:
108:
107:
104:
101:
98:
97:
94:
93:Echinodermata
91:
88:
87:
84:
81:
78:
77:
74:
71:
68:
67:
62:
57:
53:
50:
49:
44:
40:
35:
30:
22:
19:
946:
923:
918:
908:
897:
885:
881:
876:
865:
856:
847:
838:
829:
820:
811:
802:
787:
785:
770:
757:
741:
725:
709:
689:
678:
672:
658:
648:
638:
628:
618:
610:Paracrocnida
608:
598:
594:Lütken, 1856
588:
578:
574:Lütken, 1869
568:
564:Lütken, 1869
558:
548:
538:
528:
520:Nullamphiura
518:
508:
498:
488:
478:
474:Turner, 1985
468:
458:
444:
434:
424:
416:Ctenamphiura
414:
410:Forbes, 1842
404:
394:
384:
374:
364:
354:
344:
337:
327:
317:
307:
297:
287:
277:
267:
259:Amphiacantha
257:
247:
243:Gislén, 1926
237:
228:
213:
203:
189:
183:
167:
163:
159:
158:
151:
132:
46:
18:
1216:Amphiuridae
1064:iNaturalist
1004:Amphiuridae
991:Amphiuridae
977:Amphiuridae
971:Wikispecies
947:Amphiuridae
913:(Sept.2007)
890:preoccupied
882:Micropholis
630:Paramphiura
590:Ophiostigma
584:Lyman, 1865
544:Lyman, 1865
530:Nullopholis
510:Nudamphiura
500:Nannophiura
480:Monamphiura
426:Diamphiodia
396:Amphistigma
386:Amphipholis
370:Clark, 1939
339:Amphiocnida
299:Amphigyptis
289:Amphicontus
269:Amphichilus
160:Amphiuridae
133:Amphiuridae
103:Ophiuroidea
24:Amphiuridae
1210:Categories
794:References
777:herbivores
684:Jagt, 2000
664:Fell, 1962
644:Fell, 1962
604:Fell, 1962
550:Ophiomonas
540:Ophiocnida
534:Fell, 1962
524:Fell, 1962
494:Fell, 1962
490:Monopholis
464:Fell, 1962
450:Fell, 1962
436:Dougalopus
430:Fell, 1962
376:Amphioplus
366:Amphioncus
319:Amphilycus
309:Amphilimna
293:Hill, 1940
253:Fell, 1962
119:Suborder:
31:- present
926:, pp 1-11
880:Formerly
695:Hess 1970
600:Pandellia
560:Ophionema
484:Fell 1962
356:Amphiomya
346:Amphiodia
333:Fell,1962
239:Acrocnida
152:See text
113:Ophiurida
79:Kingdom:
73:Eukaryota
962:Q3276417
956:Wikidata
781:detritus
773:brackish
660:Unioplus
446:Gymnodia
406:Amphiura
249:Ailsaria
219:papillae
138:Ljungman
129:Family:
89:Phylum:
83:Animalia
69:Domain:
29:Jurassic
1144:1090907
767:Ecology
650:Triodia
146:Genera
109:Order:
99:Class:
1193:123206
1180:593863
1177:uBio:
1128:NZOR:
1121:106738
1095:157646
1082:110030
460:Icalia
216:apical
194:) and
172:family
140:, 1867
1188:WoRMS
1165:Plazi
1157:80863
1077:IRMNG
1069:55179
1030:7NFWV
1017:80325
640:Silax
198:(the
1116:NCBI
1090:ITIS
1056:5680
1051:GBIF
1043:2039
1012:BOLD
188:and
1103:NBN
1038:EoL
1025:CoL
999:AFD
986:ADW
886:non
206:).
174:of
166:or
1212::
1190::
1167::
1154::
1141::
1118::
1105::
1092::
1079::
1066::
1053::
1040::
1027::
1014::
1001::
988::
973::
958::
688:†
677:†
202:,
892:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
