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intellectual capacity. Amrozi's brother, Ali Imron, reported that Amrozi was continually in trouble at school and at home, being banned and expelled by teachers and stealing items from his own home and selling them. He only made it to the second year of high school. At the age of 23 Amrozi married for the first time; marrying a local girl with the marriage lasting two years, producing a daughter. He attempted high school again but dropped out soon after. Seemingly without purpose and lacking direction he began vandalising
Javanese graves in his village in an apparent attempt to gain approval from his strictly religious and respected father. He mortified his parents by desecrating the grave of a respected village elder, subsequently spending a week in police custody.
451:. Amrozi had not seen him for over ten years and Muklas had, to some degree, been a stabilising influence in Amrozi's early adult years. Amrozi decided to visit Muklas but was initially shunned and rejected because of his errant ways. He was devastated by this and realised that to become accepted he needed to become a good Muslim. Amrozi ceased smoking and watching movies. He began praying five times a day in his efforts to gain the acceptance of Muklas and Muklas finally agreed to let him stay.
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rejected the final appeals of Imam
Samudra and Mukhlas; having dismissed Amrozi's appeal earlier that month. In October 2008, he remained unrepentant and claimed revenge would be taken for his death. During the month, his final appeals were rejected and the Attorney General's office announced that he
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tourist strip on the
Indonesian island of Bali. One hit Paddy's Irish Bar, and the second exploded in a van outside the nearby Sari club. A total of 202 people died as a result. A third bomb exploded near Bali's US consulate, but no one was hurt. Upon his arrest on 5 November 2002, Amrozi admitted to
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According to a source in
Indonesia's Attorney General Office, the executions were to be done before the end of Sunday, 9 November 2008. This was reportedly delayed from the original plan to allow a representative from the family to identify the body post-execution. From Amrozi's family, his younger
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His two brothers Muklas and Ali Imron were also both involved. Muklas was suspected of converting Amrozi to militancy when the two were reunited in
Malaysia in the late 1980s; and Muklas was later convicted of coordinating the bombing. Both of his brothers were taken into police custody, and Muklas
522:
Amrozi was allegedly motivated by his view of
American foreign policy, which he deemed to have an imperialist agenda toward the Islamic world. He claimed in court that he was motivated to attack westerners in Kuta after learning from Australians of the decadent behaviour of white people while on
565:
in
October 2005 after a thousand protestors stormed the Denpasar prison, shouting "Kill Amrozi, kill Amrozi!" on the third anniversary of the bombing. While in prison, on 12 May 2008, he remarried his first wife, Rahma, in a ceremony which was conducted in his absence in his home village, while
439:
Amrozi displayed little interest in school or religious studies. Police psychiatric reports undertaken after the Bali bombings describe him as "simple" and "shallow" and report that he was easily influenced by others. They describe him as having an immature personality and lower than normal
540:
Amrozi's seemingly nonchalant demeanor throughout his trial earned him nicknames such as "The
Smiling Assassin", "The Smiling Bomber" and "The Laughing Bomber". His brother, Ali Imron, gave damning evidence against Amrozi that proved a turning point in the case against Amrozi.
557:. His execution was delayed for five years, due to legal technicalities: the law under which he was convicted was not in effect at the time of the bombing, and it was ruled illegal by the Indonesian High Court in July 2004. Originally incarcerated in Denpasar's
33:
594:
Amrozi, along with Imam
Samudra and Huda bin Abdul Haq, was executed by firing squad at 00:15 on 9 November 2008. Despite his carefree demeanor throughout his trial and incarceration, the Australian edition of
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pardon, on 21 August 2006, Muklas and his co-conspirators authorised their lawyers to file a last appeal which was lodged on 7 December on the basis of retroactive legislation. On 25 September 2008, the
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and were therefore to be eradicated. Nur Hasyim was involved in the
Indonesian independence struggle against the Dutch, often regaling his sons with tales of heroism by his fellow Muslims.
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There is no regret at all for him . Doing his duty to God, he shows no regret. He's very calm, very cool... proud of his activities.....He doesn't regret but he is just unhappy.
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Amrozi was talented with his hands and became the local repairman, fixing cars and mobile phones. By trade he became a mechanic and owned the van used in the
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Together with Imam Samudra and his brother, Muklas, who both received death sentences, he launched a constitutional challenge against the use of
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In an interview with the chief of investigations, General I Made Mangku Pastika, when asked about Amrozi's feelings toward the attack said:
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390:, also known as Muklas, who coordinated the bombing attack. Amrozi was executed together with Muklas and their co-conspirator,
378:, 5 July 1962 – 9 November 2008) was an Indonesian terrorist who was convicted and executed for his role in carrying out the
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On 7 August 2003, he was found guilty for his role in carrying out the Bali bombing and sentenced to the
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in Tenggulun. His father Nur Hasyim taught his sons that Javanese customs were considered heresy under
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in 1962, the fifth of 13 children. Along with his brothers Muklas and Ali Imron, he attended the
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Psychological Profiling of Terrorists: A Case Study of the Bali Bombers and Jemaah Islamiyah
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Amrozi bin Nurhasyim, one of 3 people convicted and executed for the 2002 Bali bombings
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In the Shadow of the Swords: on the trail of terrorism from Afghanistan to Australia
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playing a role in the attacks, then claimed responsibility for other bombings in
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reported Amrozi was pale-faced and shaking in the moments before his execution.
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577:. Despite an initial decision by Muklas, Amrozi and Imam Samudra to not seek a
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bombing. It was Amrozi who purchased the explosives for the bombing.
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General I Made Mangku Pastika, Indonesian Chief of Investigations.
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where he was lectured at least once by a radical Islamic cleric,
970:"Three men convicted over 2002 Bali bombings set to be executed"
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brother, Ali Fauzi was sent as a representative of his family.
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1149:"Smiling Bali bomber assassin Amrozi was 'pale & afraid'"
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was sentenced to the death penalty and executed with Amrozi.
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On the evening of 12 October 2002, two bombs exploded in the
1090:"Three Bali Bombers May Be Executed Tonight, Indonesia Says"
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would be executed by firing squad in early November 2008.
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Amrozi's elder brother Muklas was a respected member of a
976:. International Committee of the Fourth International
561:, he was moved to the high-security prison island of
418:. His family were strictly religious, following the
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941:"'Virtual wedding ceremony' for Bali bomber Amrozi"
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454:In the 1990s Amrozi attended the Lukman Nul Hakim
1028:"'Bali bombers threaten revenge over executions'"
883:Goodsir, Darren; Gibbs, Stephen (7 August 2003).
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426:. Amrozi's grandfather established the first
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1322:People executed by Indonesia by firing squad
1092:. Bloomberg. 7 November 2008. Archived from
1060:"Negosiasi Dini Hari dan Pilihan yang Sulit"
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20:
645:List of terrorist incidents in Indonesia
1317:People convicted of murder by Indonesia
675:"The 12 October 2002 Bali bombing plot"
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566:remaining married to his current wife.
422:school of Islam which has its roots in
1332:People imprisoned on terrorism charges
1215:
1205:
1342:Anti-Christian sentiment in Indonesia
1292:Indonesian people convicted of murder
1128:from the original on 16 December 2008
1070:from the original on 16 December 2008
968:O'Connor, Patrick (5 November 2008).
826:"Australians inspired terror: Amrozi"
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380:Christmas Eve 2000 Indonesia bombings
264:Two nightclubs with Western clientele
120:Christmas Eve 2000 Indonesia bombings
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1262:21st-century executions by Indonesia
765:from the original on 9 February 2006
1147:Wockner, Cindy (10 November 2008).
1040:from the original on 2 October 2008
363:
1116:"Bali bomb burials stoke tensions"
1066:(in Indonesian). 8 November 2008.
1026:Thompson, Geoff (1 October 2008).
999:"Bali bombers' execution date set"
912:"Protesters storm bombers' prison"
14:
792:"Amrozi: Bali's 'smiling bomber'"
1297:Inmates of Nusa Kambangan prison
853:"Australian fury at Bali bomber"
627:
613:
498:, as well as church bombings in
375:ʿAlī ʿAmrāzī bin Ḥajī Nūr Hāshim
31:
16:Indonesian terrorist (1962–2008)
1198:Copland, Sarah (October 2005).
939:Thompson, Geoff (12 May 2008).
824:Miller, Wayne (13 June 2003).
462:, expelled from Indonesia for
402:Amrozi was born in Tenggulun,
1:
356:Ali Amrozi bin Haji Nurhasyim
47:Ali Amrozi bin Haji Nurhasyim
1327:People from Lamongan Regency
1183:. HarperCollins Publishers.
885:"'Bomb!' cries happy Amrozi"
716:"Timeline: Bali bomb trials"
386:. Amrozi was the brother of
555:execution by a firing squad
374:
1358:
1277:Executed Indonesian people
584:Supreme Court of Indonesia
1287:Indonesian mass murderers
1179:Neighbour, Sally (2004).
917:The Sydney Morning Herald
890:The Sydney Morning Herald
364:علي عمرازي بن حجي نورهاشم
349:
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329:5 November 2002
221:12 October 2002
139:
100:Execution by firing squad
30:
761:. BBC. 8 November 2008.
412:Al-Mukmin Islamic school
1302:Islamist mass murderers
1282:Executed mass murderers
861:. BBC. 14 November 2002
172:Carrying out an act of
1337:Terrorism in Indonesia
1257:21st-century criminals
1007:. BBC. 24 October 2008
920:. AFP. 12 October 2005
650:Terrorism in Indonesia
545:Sentence and execution
538:
1267:21st-century Muslims
1252:20th-century Muslims
974:World Socialist Web
598:The Daily Telegraph
573:. Amrozi preferred
96:Cause of death
1242:2002 Bali bombings
1096:on 14 October 2007
800:. 26 February 2004
523:holidays in Bali.
477:2002 Bali bombings
388:Huda bin Abdul Haq
384:2002 Bali bombings
315:potassium chlorate
267:US Consular office
199:Huda bin Abdul Haq
124:2002 Bali bombings
1190:978-0-7322-8010-9
753:"Profile: Amrozi"
724:. 8 November 2008
685:. 11 October 2012
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1307:Jemaah Islamiyah
1272:Bombers (people)
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84:Nusa Kambangan
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80:(aged 46)
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1158:. Retrieved
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1130:. Retrieved
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1098:. Retrieved
1094:the original
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1072:. Retrieved
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978:. Retrieved
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865:25 September
863:. Retrieved
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687:. Retrieved
678:
635:Islam portal
596:
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579:presidential
568:
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424:Saudi Arabia
401:
392:Imam Samudra
355:
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204:Imam Samudra
88:Central Java
78:(2008-11-09)
18:
1247:2008 deaths
1237:1962 births
1216:|work=
949:. Australia
414:founded by
251:, Indonesia
244:Location(s)
106:Nationality
90:, Indonesia
67:, Indonesia
57:5 July 1962
1231:Categories
1160:20 January
1132:9 November
1100:8 November
1074:8 November
1011:24 October
980:20 January
924:20 January
896:20 January
837:20 January
804:20 January
769:20 January
728:20 January
689:20 January
656:References
456:peasantren
434:Sharia law
398:Early life
333:2002-11-05
225:2002-10-12
191:Partner(s)
144:Allegiance
110:Indonesian
53:1962-07-05
1218:ignored (
1208:cite book
1064:Detik.com
1044:1 October
953:13 August
575:beheading
508:Pekanbaru
496:Mojokerto
471:Sari Club
445:pesantren
429:pesantren
420:Wahhabist
408:East Java
369:romanized
311:bomb vest
257:Target(s)
236:UTC+08:00
174:terrorism
65:East Java
1126:Archived
1121:BBC News
1068:Archived
1038:Archived
1033:ABC News
1004:BBC News
946:ABC News
858:BBC News
763:Archived
758:BBC News
721:BBC News
605:See also
533:—
449:Malaysia
404:Lamongan
305:car bomb
156:al-Qaeda
134:Executed
61:Lamongan
1124:. BBC.
831:The Age
488:Jakarta
464:treason
371::
331: (
292:Weapons
283:Injured
223: (
213:Details
1187:
360:Arabic
313:using
275:Killed
230:23:05
25:Amrozi
553:with
514:Trial
504:Batam
500:Medan
492:Ambon
345:Notes
309:and
184:Death
1220:help
1185:ISBN
1162:2015
1134:2008
1102:2008
1076:2008
1046:2008
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