36:
3197:
80:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge (XXG).
694:
278:
931:
Evans, Nicholas (1998). "Iwaidja mutation and its origins". In Anna
Siewierska & Jae Jung Song. Case, Typology and Grammar: In honor of Barry J. Blake. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
66:
599:
Mailhammer (2009) does not provide a vowel inventory but Evans (1998) briefly discusses vowels in his paper, noting that
Iwaidjan languages including Amurdak have a three vowel (/a/, /i/, /u/) system.
90:
966:
3207:
353:
382:, there were no speakers of Amurdak in 2016; however, as of March 2021 Mungulda's death has not been reported, and he co-authored a paper published in May 2020.
959:
938:
Mailhammer, R. (2009) 'Towards an Aspect-Based
Analysis of the Verb Categories of Amurdak', Australian Journal of Linguistics, vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 349ā391.
866:
916:
865:
May, Sally K.; Taylor, Luke; Frieman, Catherine; TaƧon, Paul S.C.; Wesley, Daryl; Jones, Tristen; Goldhahn, Joakim; Mungulda, Charlie (1 August 2020).
952:
100:
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
3202:
108:
810:
2874:
2986:
1115:
1073:
935:
Handelsmann, R. (1991). Towards a description of
Amurdak: a language of northern Australia. Honours thesis, University of Melbourne,
670:
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871:
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708:
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329:
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121:
Content in this edit is translated from the existing
Russian Knowledge (XXG) article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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941:
Neidjie, B., Mulurinj, N., Mailhammer, R., & Handelsmann, R. (2009). Amurdak inyman: Six stories in
Amurdak.
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867:"Survival, social cohesion and rock art: the painted hands of Western Arnhem Land, Australia"
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17:
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364:, Robert Handelsmann and others, over several decades to record his language.
904:
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340:
of
Australia. No speakers were recorded in 2021, so it may be extinct.
179:
119:
to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
695:
Australian
Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
3198:
Endangered indigenous
Australian languages in the Northern Territory
1920:
77:
948:
758:
372:
29:
27:
Endangered
Iwaidjan language of Australia's Northern Territory
785:"10 people who are the last speakers of endangered languages"
367:
The Amurdak language and Charlie Mungulda were featured in
332:
historically spoken in an area around the eastern coast of
755:"Language Matters with Bob Holman: A film by David Grubin"
693:
Amurdak at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database,
356:, it is an endangered language. The last living speaker,
89:
to this template: there are already 925 articles in the
587:
Evans but not Mailhammer identifies a palatal lateral
811:"Census 2016, Language spoken at home by Sex (SA2+)"
73:
69:
a machine-translated version of the Russian article.
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1978:
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1835:
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175:
160:
155:
845:Living Tongues Institute for Endangered Languages
354:Living Tongues Institute for Endangered Languages
735:"As languages die away, so do pieces of history"
723:, 18 September 2007. Accessed 19 September 2007.
115:accompanying your translation by providing an
60:Click for important translation instructions.
47:expand this article with text translated from
960:
8:
3208:Extinct languages of the Northern Territory
2946:
2937:
2801:
2693:
2552:
2405:
2332:
2224:
2064:
1985:
1673:
1504:
1142:
1002:
995:
967:
953:
945:
706:Scientists: Many World Languages Are Dying
601:
394:
152:
894:
884:
733:Schmid, Randolph E. (19 September 2007).
669:Australian Bureau of Statistics (2021).
375:documentary about endangered languages.
661:
94:
879:(3) (published 1 May 2020): 491ā510.
224:
7:
360:, worked with Australian linguists
25:
761:. 10 January 2015. Archived from
645:
631:
624:
872:Cambridge Archaeological Journal
369:Language Matters with Bob Holman
34:
3071:South Australian Pidgin English
3203:Languages extinct in the 2010s
330:Aboriginal Australian language
125:You may also add the template
1:
3066:Broome Pearling Lugger Pidgin
348:According to a report by the
2441:Malak-Malak (Nguluk Wanggar)
671:"Cultural diversity: Census"
3061:Port Jackson Pidgin English
2423:Pungu Pungu (Kandjerramalh)
350:National Geographic Society
194:
138:Knowledge (XXG):Translation
97:will aid in categorization.
3224:
2200:Kungarakany (KoongurrukuƱ)
72:Machine translation, like
2335:
2261:Eastern (Goulburn Island)
1890:
1643:
1624:Wilson River (Wangkumara)
1428:YimidhirrāYalanjiāYidinic
1145:
886:10.1017/S0959774320000104
644:
567:
549:
409:
399:
397:
127:{{Translated|ru|ŠŠ¼ŃŃŃŠ°Šŗ}}
49:the corresponding article
2497:Matngele (Werret/Dakayu)
1971:(Kurnindirri, southwest)
2340:Gulumoerrgin (Larrakia)
1074:Central New South Wales
136:For more guidance, see
2820:Southwestern Tasmanian
2814:Northwestern Tasmanian
2104:(Kunwinjku, Gunwinggu)
1934:(Ganggalida, Nyangga)
711:5 October 2007 at the
380:2016 Australian census
2418:Batjamalh (Wadjiginy)
2410:Wagaydyic (Anson Bay)
2401:Daly River Sprachbund
1631:Bulloo River (Galali)
1150:Western Torres Strait
976:Australian Aboriginal
109:copyright attribution
3021:Torres Strait Creole
2933:Aboriginal Englishes
2697:Western (Nyulnyulic)
1593:ArabanaāWangkangurru
1065:Anewan (Nganyaywana)
2958:Roper River Kriol (
2909:Southeast Tasmanian
2798:family-level groups
1044:New South Wales PāN
841:"Language Hotspots"
821:on 26 December 2018
580:⟨rld⟩
3193:Iwaidjan languages
2875:Lhotsky/Blackhouse
2839:Northern Tasmanian
2061:Gunwinyguan proper
1895:Proto-PamaāNyungan
1758:Ngarna/Warluwarric
1508:ArandicāThuraāYura
1332:GuwaāYanda ?
574:⟨ld⟩
338:Northern Territory
170:Northern Territory
117:interlanguage link
3180:
3179:
3176:
3175:
3047:
3046:
2996:Mornington Island
2972:Kimberley Kriol (
2923:
2922:
2869:Tyerrernotepanner
2768:
2767:
2601:
2600:
2533:
2532:
2395:
2394:
2297:
2296:
2228:Central (Warrkbi)
2214:
2213:
2160:
2159:
1980:Macro-Gunwinyguan
1903:
1902:
1886:
1885:
1851:KanyaraāMantharta
1665:
1664:
1576:Northern (Palku)
1496:
1495:
1310:BidyaraāGungabula
1134:
1133:
932:pp. 115ā149.
740:The Seattle Times
653:
652:
585:
584:
378:According to the
303:
302:
149:
148:
61:
57:
16:(Redirected from
3215:
3027:Cape York Creole
2985:Westside Kriol (
2951:Australian Kriol
2947:
2938:
2802:
2733:Eastern (Dyukun)
2694:
2553:
2406:
2349:LimilnganāWulna?
2333:
2225:
2065:
1986:
1674:
1505:
1436:Guugu Yimidihirr
1143:
1003:
996:
969:
962:
955:
946:
919:
915:
913:
911:
898:
888:
862:
856:
855:
853:
851:
837:
831:
830:
828:
826:
817:. Archived from
807:
801:
800:
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796:
791:. 27 August 2016
781:
775:
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724:
717:Associated Press
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581:
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395:
358:Charlie Mungulda
308:, also rendered
287:
273:
257:
250:
206:
153:
128:
122:
96:
95:|topic=
93:, and specifying
78:Google Translate
59:
55:
38:
37:
30:
21:
18:Amurdag language
3223:
3222:
3218:
3217:
3216:
3214:
3213:
3212:
3183:
3182:
3181:
3172:
3124:
3086:Mixed languages
3080:
3076:Pidgin Ngarluma
3043:
3013:
3007:
2965:Bamyili Kriol (
2931:
2929:
2928:New Indigenous
2919:
2904:Little Swanport
2884:
2871:(North Midland)
2849:
2825:
2822:(Toogee) ?
2797:
2789:
2764:
2728:
2719:Djabirr-Djabirr
2683:
2652:
2629:
2597:
2574:
2551:
2529:
2525:Nganāgityemerri
2506:
2483:
2450:
2427:
2391:
2365:
2344:
2321:
2293:
2277:
2256:
2210:
2188:
2156:
2153:(Enindhilyagwa)
2118:
2090:
2056:
2017:
1974:
1959:(Garrwa, north)
1943:
1899:
1882:
1831:
1785:
1752:
1661:
1639:
1563:
1492:
1455:
1423:
1381:
1268:
1263:Flinders Island
1234:Southwest Paman
1163:
1130:
1099:
1039:
991:
983:
973:
928:
926:Further reading
923:
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713:Wayback Machine
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388:
346:
334:Van Diemen Gulf
283:
269:
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221:
207:
204:Language family
202:
192:
188:
187:Native speakers
166:Goulburn Island
145:
144:
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126:
120:
62:
39:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3221:
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3205:
3200:
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3185:
3184:
3178:
3177:
3174:
3173:
3171:
3170:
3169:Murdi Language
3167:
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3155:
3149:
3143:
3138:
3132:
3130:
3126:
3125:
3123:
3122:
3116:
3106:
3101:
3099:Gurindji Kriol
3096:
3094:Light Warlpiri
3090:
3088:
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3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3057:
3055:
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3032:Lockhart River
3029:
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3017:
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3006:
3005:
2999:
2993:
2990:
2987:Victoria River
2983:
2977:
2974:Fitzroy Valley
2970:
2963:
2955:
2953:
2944:
2935:
2930:languages and
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2885:
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2865:(Northeastern)
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2479:Marramaninjsji
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2196:
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2193:Other isolates
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2126:
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1965:(Wanji, south)
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1836:South-West PāN
1833:
1832:
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1824:
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1822:
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1809:
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1790:Desert Nyungic
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1708:DhuwalāDhuwala
1704:
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1416:Lower Burdekin
1406:
1399:
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1383:
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91:main category
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50:
45:You can help
41:
32:
31:
19:
2992:Barkly Kriol
2915:Bruny Island
2855:Northeastern
2841:(Tommeginne)
2625:Gajirrawoong
2489:Eastern Daly
2456:Western Daly
2151:Anindilyakwa
1862:
1858:KartuāNhanda
1816:
1802:NgumpināYapa
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1612:Yandruwandha
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1443:Kuku Yalanji
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1335:
1324:
1315:
1308:
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1224:
1217:
1206:Umbindhamuic
1196:Middle Paman
1181:
1154:
1116:Bandjalangic
1090:
1083:
1063:
1055:
1032:
1013:Lower Murray
999:Southeastern
989:PamaāNyungan
908:. Retrieved
876:
870:
860:
848:. Retrieved
844:
835:
823:. Retrieved
819:the original
814:
805:
793:. Retrieved
788:
779:
767:. Retrieved
763:the original
749:
738:
728:
701:
686:
674:. Retrieved
664:
598:
591:in Amurdag.
586:
564:Lateral flap
377:
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317:
313:
309:
305:
304:
262:
216:
150:
113:edit summary
104:
84:
56:(April 2024)
54:
46:
3136:Neo-Nyungar
3109:Wumpurrarni
3104:Modern Tiwi
3023:(Yumplatok)
2845:Port Sorell
2816:(Peerapper)
2474:Marrithiyel
2469:Merranunggu
2464:Marri Ngarr
2240:GarigāIlgar
1919:(register:
1745:GanhalpuyÅu
1687:DhaÅuāDjaÅu
1581:Pitta-Pitta
1467:Kalkatungic
1104:North Coast
1085:Barranbinja
896:2440/134685
489:Approximant
3187:Categories
2980:Daly River
2911:(Nuenonne)
2898:Oyster Bay
2863:Pyemmairre
2724:Nimanburru
2689:Nyulnyulan
2668:(Northern)
2648:Gooniyandi
2387:Bugurnidja
2370:Umbugarlic
2273:Manangkari
2145:Nunggubuyu
2130:Rembarrnga
2115:(Ngalkbun)
2108:Kunbarlang
2051:Mangarrayi
2034:Warndarang
1990:Maningrida
1536:ThuraāYura
1473:Kalkatungu
1126:WakaāKabic
1079:Wiradhuric
1051:YuināKuric
1034:Bungandidj
825:30 October
769:28 January
676:13 October
656:References
401:Peripheral
391:Consonants
371:, a 2015
362:Nick Evans
164:Oenpelli,
51:in Russian
3164:Cherbourg
3111:English (
3002:Kowanyama
2795:Tasmanian
2680:(Western)
2674:(Eastern)
2672:Ngarinyin
2658:Worrorran
2620:Miriwoong
2570:Jaminjung
2377:Umbugarla
2356:Limilngan
2166:Yangmanic
2135:Ngalakgan
2008:NdjƩbbana
2003:Gurr-goni
1969:Gunindiri
1938:Mingginda
1927:Kayardild
1864:Yinggarda
1818:Warumungu
1722:GupapuyÅu
1694:RitharrÅu
1656:Paakantyi
1480:Yalarnnga
1403:Warrgamay
1387:Dyirbalic
1359:Dharumbal
1305:Southern
1281:Northern
1219:Umbuygamu
1213:Lamalamic
1111:Durubalic
1057:Dhanggati
1023:Gippsland
1018:Yotayotic
992:subgroups
982:languages
980:Tasmanian
905:0959-7743
438:Retroflex
386:Phonology
336:, in the
326:Wureidbug
264:Glottolog
248:ISO 639-3
176:Ethnicity
131:talk page
83:Consider
3119:Alyawarr
3038:Napranum
2831:Northern
2780:Giimbiyu
2773:isolates
2760:Ngumbarl
2704:Nyulnyul
2678:Worrorra
2666:Wunambal
2607:Jarrakan
2446:Tyerraty
2382:Ngurmbur
2282:Southern
2220:Iwaidjan
2206:Gaagudju
2179:Wardaman
2086:Uwinymil
2077:(Djauan)
1940:(Minkin)
1846:Ngayarda
1842:Pilbara
1773:Southern
1619:Eastern
1600:Central
1588:Western
1528:Kaytetye
1521:Arrernte
1410:Nyawaygi
1354: ?
1293:Eastern
1286:Warrongo
1254:Mbabaram
1201:Umpilaic
1139:Northern
1092:Muruwari
910:14 March
850:14 March
795:14 March
721:Fox News
709:Archived
433:Alveolar
418:Bilabial
352:and the
328:, is an
271:amar1271
234:Gidjurra
226:Dialects
212:Iwaidjan
107:provide
3121:English
3053:Pidgins
3014:creoles
2967:Barunga
2960:Ngukurr
2942:Creoles
2890:Eastern
2806:Western
2755:Nyigina
2635:Bunuban
2593:Wambaya
2588:Ngarnka
2580:Ngurlun
2565:Nungali
2547:Jingulu
2329: ?
2312:Wurrugu
2305: ?
2289:Amurdag
2235:Iwaidja
2202: ?
2184:Wagiman
2170:Wagiman
2147:(Wubuy)
2123:Eastern
2113:Dalabon
2095:Central
2068:Western
2053: ?
2047: ?
2041: ?
2013:Nakkara
1998:Burarra
1982: ?
1949:Garrwan
1932:Yukulta
1909:Tangkic
1873:Mirning
1867: ?
1821: ?
1807:Ngumpin
1797:Marrngu
1767:Yanyuwa
1670:Western
1634: ?
1542:Wirangu
1515:Arandic
1501:Central
1418: ?
1396:Dyirbal
1378: ?
1370: ?
1362: ?
1352:Kingkel
1329: ?
1068: ?
1060: ?
546:Lateral
445:Plosive
428:Palatal
406:Laminal
314:Amurdak
310:Amurdag
306:Amurdak
298:Amurdak
279:AIATSIS
217:Amurdak
180:Amurdak
156:Amurdak
129:to the
111:in the
53:.
3158:Woorie
3146:Yarrie
3129:Others
3040:Creole
3034:Creole
3004:Creole
2998:Creole
2880:Norman
2750:Warrwa
2745:Dyugun
2740:Yawuru
2643:Bunuba
2557:Yirram
2539:Mirndi
2317:Marrgu
2140:Ngandi
2075:Jawoyn
2022:Marran
1963:Waanyi
1957:Garawa
1917:Lardil
1878:Nyunga
1777:Ngarru
1738:Djinba
1731:DjinaÅ
1605:Diyari
1569:Karnic
1549:Kaurna
1450:Yidiny
1367:Bayali
1326:Bindal
1183:Uradhi
903:
595:Vowels
411:Apical
344:Status
322:Amarag
318:Amurag
231:Urrirk
195:Status
161:Region
3148:Lingo
2982:Kriol
2709:Bardi
2361:Wulna
2268:Maung
2250:Ilgar
2245:Garig
2081:Waray
2045:Alawa
2039:Yugul
2029:Marra
1921:Damin
1780:Thawa
1701:NhaÅu
1678:YolÅu
1649:Yarli
1344:Yanda
1274:Maric
1169:Paman
1028:Kulin
608:Front
510:Trill
467:Nasal
423:Velar
74:DeepL
3166:Talk
3160:Talk
3154:Talk
3152:Palm
2785:Tiwi
2714:Jawi
2615:Kija
2502:Kamu
1827:Wati
1812:Yapa
1488:Mayi
1460:Gulf
1337:Guwa
1298:Biri
978:and
912:2021
901:ISSN
852:2021
827:2017
797:2021
771:2015
719:via
678:2022
620:High
613:Back
528:Flap
324:and
193:See
105:must
103:You
67:View
1189:Wik
917:PDF
891:hdl
881:doi
815:ABS
759:PBS
691:N47
641:Low
589:/Ź/
578:š¼
552:(Ź)
373:PBS
293:ELP
285:N47
255:amg
76:or
3189::
899:.
889:.
877:30
875:.
869:.
843:.
813:.
787:.
757:.
737:.
715:,
572:Éŗ
558:É
540:ɽ
504:É»
483:ɳ
461:Ź
320:,
316:,
312:,
168:,
3115:)
2989:)
2976:)
2969:)
2962:)
2172:?
2168:ā
1923:)
968:e
961:t
954:v
914:.
893::
883::
854:.
829:.
799:.
773:.
743:.
680:.
647:a
633:u
626:i
555:l
520:r
499:j
496:É£
493:w
480:n
477:ɲ
474:Å
471:m
458:t
455:c
452:k
449:p
140:.
133:.
20:)
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