4864:
1824:
malicious use of misgendering pronouns could be part of the evidence to demonstrate an overall pattern of discrimination, but sending someone to jail is not a possible outcome for human rights complaints. "If it's just the pronoun, not much is going to happen", Milne stated. AFP Fact Check stated that same year that a review of the
Canadian legal databases did not show any case of an individual being sent to jail for misusing gender pronouns.
4876:
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1464:
1488:
4888:
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33:
2183:"It could happen," Brown says. "Is it likely to happen? I don't think so. But, my opinion on whether or not that's likely has a lot to do with the particular case that you're looking at." "The path to prison is not straightforward. It's not easy. But, it's there. It's been used before in breach of tribunal orders."
1686:
The law also adds "gender identity or expression" to section 718.2 of the
Criminal Code. This section is part of the sentencing provisions and makes gender identity and gender expression an aggravating factor in sentencing, leading to increased sentences for individuals who commit crimes motivated by
1794:, the Tribunal found discrimination had occurred, the Tribunal ordered a remedy, the person refused to comply with the order, a contempt proceeding were brought in court, and the court ordered the person imprisoned until the contempt had been purged (though he thought such a scenario was unlikely).
1737:
supported the passage of the bill by writing a detailed letter to the Chair of the
Standing Senate Committee on Legal and Constitutional Affairs. Speaking for the CBA, the president, René J. Basque, argued that the bill would provide necessary protections for transgender people, made explicit the
1651:
by adding "gender identity or expression" as a prohibited ground of discrimination. That makes it illegal to deny services, employment, accommodation and similar benefits to individuals based on their gender identity or gender expression to matters within federal jurisdiction, such as the federal
1823:
In 2018, a year after the bill came into force, a spokesperson for the federal
Department of Justice, stated that he was not aware of anyone being jailed for using misgendered pronouns. Cheryl Milne, director of the Asper Centre for Constitutional Rights at the University of Toronto, stated that
1626:
The bill is intended to protect individuals from discrimination within the sphere of federal jurisdiction and from being the targets of hate propaganda, as a consequence of their gender identity or their gender expression. The bill adds "gender identity or expression" to the list of prohibited
1809:
who showed a video of
Peterson's critique of Bill C-16 in her "Canadian Communication in Context" class, was reprimanded by faculty members, who said that she may have violated Bill C-16 by showing the video and holding a debate. Commenting on the incident, Cossman noted that the
1635:. It also adds that evidence that an offence was motivated by bias, prejudice or hate based on a person's gender identity or expression constitutes an aggravating circumstance for a court to consider when imposing a criminal sentence.
1652:
government, federal services to the public, or a federally regulated industry. A person who denies benefits because of the gender identity or gender expression of another person could be liable to provide monetary reimbursement.
630:
3649:
2053:"Letter from René J. Basque, QC/cr, President of the Canadian Bar Association, to The Honourable Bob Runciman, Chair of the Standing Senate Committee on Legal and Constitutional Affairs, May 10, 2017"
1753:
found that 84 percent of the 1,416 adult
Canadians surveyed said they support adding "gender identity as a prohibited ground for discrimination under the Canadian Human Rights Act" while 16% opposed.
1814:(which C-16 amended) does not apply to universities, and that it would be unlikely for a court to find that the teaching assistant's actions were discriminatory under the comparable portions of the
3454:
1372:
2199:
4137:
1790:, but "repeatedly, consistently refus to use a person's chosen pronoun" might. Commercial litigator Jared Brown said that imprisonment would be possible if a complaint were made to the
1738:
protections for transgender people which were already contained in the prohibition on discrimination based on sexual orientation, and did not pose any risk to freedom of expression.
1707:. He reintroduced the bill in 2006. In May 2009, he introduced it again, with additional provisions to add gender identity and gender expression to the hate crimes provisions of the
3371:
2227:
1237:
612:
3356:
1202:
624:
1953:
Library of
Parliament - Legislative Summary of Bill C-16: An Act to amend the Canadian Human Rights Act and the Criminal Code (Julian Walker, Legal and Social Affairs Division).
3361:
3321:
1207:
1177:
1767:. Peterson argued that the law would classify the failure to use preferred pronouns of transgender people as hate speech. According to legal experts, including law professors
1713:. In February 2011, it passed third reading in the House of Commons with support from all parties but was not considered in the Senate before Parliament was dissolved for the
1281:
710:
3248:
2078:
1325:
4755:
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1721:
by both the
Liberals and the NDP, respectively. The NDP's Bill C-279 passed second reading on 6 June 2012. However, that bill also died on the Senate order paper when the
705:
4324:
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3134:
1352:
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2614:
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568:
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3016:
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1034:
768:
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3405:
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2654:
960:
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1703:
introduced a bill in the House of
Commons to explicitly add "gender identity or expression" as prohibited grounds of discrimination in the
1049:
845:
1952:
4554:
3897:
3174:
2804:
2759:
2283:
Louis
Baudoin-Laarman, "No, Canadians cannot be jailed or fined just for using the wrong gender pronoun", AFP Fact Check, June 26, 2018.
800:
4940:
4155:
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3644:
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3808:
3082:
2901:
2886:
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2320:
2200:"Christie Blatchford: Thought police strike again as Wilfrid Laurier grad student is chastised for showing Jordan Peterson video"
1320:
1308:
1291:
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920:
532:
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1229:
1222:
1103:
1091:
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925:
275:
1683:, the amendment also makes it a criminal offence to incite or promote hatred because of gender identity or gender expression.
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2822:
1791:
1722:
1714:
1342:
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1896:
Senate of Canada - Vote Details: An Act to amend the Canadian Human Rights Act and the Criminal Code â C-16 â Third Reading
1842:
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60:
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2066:
Angus Reid Institute, "Transgender in Canada: Canadians say accept, accommodate, and move on", September 7, 2016.
1816:
1564:
1182:
913:
618:
2297:
2228:"Here's the full recording of Wilfrid Laurier reprimanding Lindsay Shepherd for showing a Jordan Peterson video"
4837:
4786:
4680:
4366:
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2727:
2604:
1734:
1718:
1599:
1551:
773:
745:
561:
131:
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1786:
According to Cossman, accidental misuse of a pronoun would be unlikely to constitute discrimination under the
4116:
3943:
3743:
3577:
3184:
2881:
2555:
2365:
1991:
1695:
The law is the most recent iteration of several proposed bills introduced to previous parliaments. In 2005,
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300:
3569:
1963:
1926:
4776:
4695:
4394:
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4017:
3633:
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by adding "gender identity or expression" to the definition of "identifiable group" in section 318 of the
1579:
1570:
898:
795:
499:
50:
4781:
4740:
4646:
4544:
4183:
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142:
40:
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3062:
3021:
2854:
2195:
2033:
1402:
1301:
1039:
810:
270:
146:
2254:"What the Wilfrid Laurier professors got wrong about Bill C-16 and gender identity discrimination"
4904:
4172:
3938:
3558:
3516:
3211:
3161:
2636:
2388:
2019:
2005:
1802:
1468:
1442:
323:
4515:
4345:
4275:
4201:
3692:
2990:
2984:
2908:
2774:
2528:
2393:
2079:"Liberals' Transgender Rights Bill Backed By Majority Of Canadians: Angus Reid Institute Poll"
1977:
1895:
1555:
1008:
1002:
463:
328:
1631:
and the list of characteristics of identifiable groups protected from hate propaganda in the
4827:
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4760:
4750:
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4408:
4058:
3876:
2849:
2565:
1798:
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1746:
1679:
expression. Since the definition of "identifiable group" is also used in section 319 of the
1607:
860:
506:
184:
78:
4126:
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3862:
3728:
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333:
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725:
362:
318:
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996:
659:
601:
352:
93:
4899:
3553:
2534:
2502:
1463:
469:
437:
1540:
Loi modifiant la Loi canadienne sur les droits de la personne et le Code criminel
4875:
4484:
2832:
2704:
2542:
2523:
2497:
2453:
2434:
2336:
1700:
1675:
against members of an identifiable group, which now includes gender identity or
865:
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477:
458:
432:
388:
369:
236:
32:
4880:
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4477:
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2152:
985:
408:
393:
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382:
4089:
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2952:
2492:
2412:
2378:
2359:
1252:
970:
427:
347:
313:
294:
2799:
1610:
by 67â11 votes with three abstentions. The bill became law upon receiving
4415:
4387:
4380:
4121:
3491:
2508:
2485:
1931:
1672:
1417:
443:
420:
4806:
4745:
4700:
4581:
4465:
2515:
2441:
2406:
450:
376:
341:
1775:, not using preferred pronouns would not meet legal standards for the
4725:
4436:
3481:
2479:
2305:
1676:
1407:
414:
1717:. Two bills, C-276 and C-279, on the subject were introduced in the
2300:
An Act to amend the Canadian Human Rights Act and the Criminal Code
1993:
An Act to amend the Canadian Human Rights Act and the Criminal Code
1965:
An Act to amend the Canadian Human Rights Act and the Criminal Code
1531:
An Act to amend the Canadian Human Rights Act and the Criminal Code
25:
An Act to amend the Canadian Human Rights Act and the Criminal Code
4359:
3883:
2422:
357:
1843:"Canada to introduce new laws against transgender discrimination"
1671:. Section 318 makes it a criminal offence to advocate or promote
3501:
2463:
1687:
bias, prejudice or hate based on gender identity or expression.
1427:
398:
4612:
3996:
3765:
3631:
3573:
2309:
1871:"House of Commons - Recorded Votes: House Government Bill C-16"
3506:
1432:
2102:"No, the Trans Rights Bill Doesn't Criminalize Free Speech"
1622:
The Library of Parliament summarized the bill as follows:
3601:
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender topics in Canada
2728:
Gender-critical or trans-exclusionary radical feminism
4852:
2171:"Canada's gender identity rights Bill C-16 explained"
1927:"Canada enacts protections for transgender community"
1771:
of the University of Toronto and Kyle Kirkup of the
1598:
government as Bill C-16 of the first session of the
4820:
4769:
4668:
4619:
4590:
4507:
4457:
4316:
4309:
4251:
4109:
4005:
3967:
3921:
3852:
3774:
3706:
3658:
3467:
3443:
3210:
3160:
3061:
3054:
2924:
2785:
2703:
2635:
2553:
2346:
206:
198:
190:
182:
172:
162:
152:
138:
123:
115:
110:
102:
92:
84:
74:
66:
56:
46:
39:
23:
1865:
1863:
2432:
1614:on 19 June 2017, coming into force immediately.
367:
16:Canadian federal law relating to gender identity
4691:Canadian Centre for Gender and Sexual Diversity
1908:"LEGISinfo - House Government Bill C-16 (42-1)"
2128:"The professor versus gender-neutral pronouns"
1741:Following the introduction of the bill in the
3891:Little Sisters Book and Art Emporium v Canada
3749:Homosexuality and the United Church of Canada
3585:
2321:
2164:
2162:
1510:
8:
4756:Transgender Archives, University of Victoria
4731:Pride Library, University of Western Ontario
1763:, criticized the bill, saying that it would
1749:, an online survey on C-16 conducted by the
4214:Rainbow Reels Queer and Trans Film Festival
4609:
4504:
4454:
4313:
3993:
3980:LGBT refugees and asylum seekers in Canada
3762:
3628:
3592:
3578:
3570:
3058:
2328:
2314:
2306:
1590:The bill was introduced on 17 May 2016 by
1517:
1503:
223:
31:
4325:Amazones d'Hier, Lesbiennes d'Aujourd'hui
1582:, and aggravating factors in sentencing.
2153:"2017/05/17: Senate hearing on Bill C16"
4859:
1833:
235:
2655:Legal recognition of non-binary gender
2278:
2276:
2274:
20:
4286:Little Sister's Book and Art Emporium
3949:Equality Rights Statute Amendment Act
2100:Khandekar, Tamara (24 October 2016).
7:
4956:LGBT-related controversies in Canada
2226:Hopper, Tristin (20 November 2017).
2037:, R.S.C. 1985, c. C-46, s. 718.2(a)(
1586:Introduction and legislative history
3898:Hall v Durham Catholic School Board
2126:Murphy, Jessica (4 November 2016).
1759:, a professor of psychology at the
552:Puberty-suppressing hormone therapy
4936:Human rights legislation in Canada
3698:2010â2017 Toronto serial homicides
3645:Timeline of LGBT history in Canada
2077:Maloney, Ryan (7 September 2016).
1925:Tasker, John Paul (16 June 2017).
14:
4706:GLBTTQ Community Centre of Ottawa
2252:Platt, Brian (20 November 2017).
1745:, but before introduction in the
1627:grounds of discrimination in the
1542:) is a law passed in 2017 by the
4898:
4886:
4874:
4862:
3552:
1487:
1486:
1474:
1462:
613:Assisted reproductive technology
4931:Freedom of expression in Canada
3719:Lesbian Organization of Toronto
2023:, R.S.C. 1985, c. C-46, s. 319.
2009:, R.S.C. 1985, c. C-46, s. 318.
2953:Cisgender / cissexual
2948:Childhood gender nonconformity
1841:Kassam, Ashifa (17 May 2016).
1792:Canadian Human Rights Tribunal
1715:41st Canadian federal election
971:Cisgender / cissexual
966:Childhood gender nonconformity
592:Facial masculinization surgery
1:
4243:Vancouver Queer Film Festival
4220:Rainbow Visions Film Festival
4190:Out North Queer Film Festival
3650:First openly LGBT politicians
3522:Social construction of gender
1448:Social construction of gender
4946:Canadian federal legislation
4259:Blue Metropolis Violet Prize
4162:London Lesbian Film Festival
3714:Gay Alliance Toward Equality
3616:Transgender rights in Canada
3002:Gender-sexuality questioning
2298:House Government Bill C-16:
1981:, R.S.C. 1985, c. H-6, s. 2.
1562:as protected grounds to the
1550:of the first session of the
1020:Gender-sexuality questioning
4265:The Church-Wellesley Review
4238:Toronto Queer Film Festival
4232:Reelout Queer Film Festival
4179:Muskoka Queer Film Festival
1606:by 248â40 votes and in the
585:Facial feminization surgery
4972:
4597:LGBTQ culture in Vancouver
2937:Androphilia and gynephilia
2645:Gender self-identification
1807:Wilfrid Laurier University
955:Androphilia and gynephilia
655:Gender self-identification
4941:Transgender law in Canada
4833:LGBTQ2+ National Monument
4608:
4208:Queer North Film Festival
3992:
3804:Newfoundland and Labrador
3761:
3640:
3627:
3620:Intersex rights in Canada
3607:
3532:
2713:Against non-binary people
2394:Non-binary or genderqueer
1995:, S.C. 2017, c. 13, s. 3.
1979:Canadian Human Rights Act
1967:, S.C. 2017, c. 13, s. 2.
1817:Ontario Human Rights Code
1812:Canadian Human Rights Act
1788:Canadian Human Rights Act
1705:Canadian Human Rights Act
1649:Canadian Human Rights Act
1642:Canadian Human Rights Act
1629:Canadian Human Rights Act
1565:Canadian Human Rights Act
329:Non-binary or genderqueer
214:
30:
4838:Statue of Alexander Wood
4681:Community One Foundation
4367:Les Mouches fantastiques
3975:LGBT parenting in Canada
1735:Canadian Bar Association
1719:41st Canadian Parliament
1574:provisions dealing with
774:Parental rights movement
683:Political office-holders
562:Gender-affirming surgery
4821:Monuments and memorials
4614:Places and institutions
4117:Black and Blue Festival
3944:Declaration of Montreal
3744:WorldPride Toronto 2014
3707:Activism and milestones
2838:Non-binary People's Day
2718:Against transgender men
2433:
2366:Bissu, Calabai, Calalai
1546:. It was introduced as
368:
301:Bissu, Calabai, Calalai
4777:Black Eagle (Montreal)
3559:Transgender portal
3512:Sexâgender distinction
2979:Gender detransitioning
2795:Anatomical terminology
1877:. Parliament of Canada
1637:
1580:incitement to genocide
1539:
1469:Transgender portal
1438:Sexâgender distinction
997:Gender detransitioning
884:Anatomical terminology
4926:Canadian criminal law
4741:Q Hall of Fame Canada
4281:Librairie L'Androgyne
4184:OUTeast Film Festival
3929:Age of consent reform
3905:Halpern v Canada (AG)
3834:Northwest Territories
3612:LGBT rights in Canada
3497:Queer heterosexuality
3017:Rapid-onset dysphoria
2695:Yogyakarta Principles
1761:University of Toronto
1723:2015 federal election
1699:member of Parliament
1624:
1423:Queer heterosexuality
1035:Rapid-onset dysphoria
818:Yogyakarta Principles
4921:2016 in Canadian law
4716:Ottawa Trans Library
4635:Church and Wellesley
4291:Ottawa Trans Library
4216:(Kitchener-Waterloo)
3912:Canada (AG) v Mossop
3863:Klippert v The Queen
3819:Prince Edward Island
2991:Gender transitioning
2943:Blanchard's typology
2865:fictional characters
2723:Anti-gender movement
2675:Rights organizations
2198:(10 November 2017).
2196:Blatchford, Christie
2155:– via YouTube.
1773:University of Ottawa
1751:Angus Reid Institute
1697:New Democratic Party
1544:Parliament of Canada
1009:Gender transitioning
961:Blanchard's typology
889:Fictional characters
835:Events and awareness
741:Anti-gender movement
143:Jody Wilson-Raybould
41:Parliament of Canada
4736:Quebec Gay Archives
4696:Fierté Canada Pride
4653:Shaughnessy Village
4472:Pink Triangle Press
4301:Stubblejumper Press
4271:Dayne Ogilvie Prize
4196:Queer Arts Festival
4101:Windsor-Essex Pride
3739:2006 World Outgames
3477:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric
2810:LGBTQ-related films
2787:Society and culture
1663:The law amends the
1647:The law amends the
1602:. It passed in the
1403:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric
948:Theory and concepts
830:Society and culture
811:Trans panic defense
147:Minister of Justice
111:Legislative history
4523:Canada's Drag Race
3939:Civil Marriage Act
3517:Sexual orientation
2823:Day of Remembrance
2169:Dragicevic, Nina.
1803:teaching assistant
1797:In November 2017,
1656:Amendments to the
1640:Amendments to the
1568:, and also to the
1443:Sexual orientation
1282:Disenfranchisement
851:Day of Remembrance
752:trans-exclusionary
237:Transgender topics
4850:
4849:
4846:
4845:
4604:
4603:
4577:
4576:
4503:
4502:
4453:
4452:
4276:Glad Day Bookshop
4202:Queer City Cinema
4169:(Ottawa; defunct)
4092:(Waterloo Region)
4020:(Ottawa/Gatineau)
3988:
3987:
3776:Same-sex marriage
3757:
3756:
3693:Pussy Palace Raid
3567:
3566:
3463:
3462:
2985:Gender expression
2828:Day of Visibility
2349:Gender identities
2081:. Huffington Post
1691:Predecessor bills
1556:gender expression
1527:
1526:
1373:elected officials
1003:Gender expression
856:Day of Visibility
665:Non-binary gender
631:Standards of Care
288:Gender identities
222:
221:
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4903:
4902:
4891:
4890:
4889:
4879:
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4828:18 Shades of Gay
4761:Triangle Program
4751:Rainbow Railroad
4610:
4505:
4455:
4332:The Body Politic
4314:
4059:Queen City Pride
3994:
3877:Vriend v Alberta
3789:British Columbia
3763:
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2566:Gender dysphoria
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2017:
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1799:Lindsay Shepherd
1781:promoting hatred
1743:House of Commons
1604:House of Commons
1519:
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1505:
1490:
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1481:LGBTQ portal
1479:
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904:Media portrayals
757:
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755:radical feminism
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633:
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194:22 November 2016
183:Second chamber:
178:18 November 2016
118:House of Commons
70:18 November 2016
61:House of Commons
35:
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4516:Canada's a Drag
4499:
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4127:Club Quarantine
4105:
4096:Vancouver Pride
4075:Steinbach Pride
4065:Saskatoon Pride
4029:Fierté Montréal
4001:
3984:
3963:
3959:Military policy
3917:
3848:
3770:
3753:
3729:Pride Week 1973
3724:We Demand Rally
3702:
3688:Sex Garage raid
3666:Anti-gay purges
3654:
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3610:Main articles:
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3007:Gender variance
2997:Gender identity
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2670:Rights movement
2631:
2583:Hormone therapy
2578:Puberty blocker
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1600:42nd Parliament
1588:
1576:hate propaganda
1560:gender identity
1554:. The law adds
1552:42nd Parliament
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1015:Gender identity
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846:Beauty pageants
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168:18 October 2016
132:42nd Parliament
116:First chamber:
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4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4673:
4671:
4669:Organizations
4667:
4660:
4657:
4654:
4651:
4648:
4645:
4642:
4641:Davie Village
4639:
4636:
4633:
4630:
4627:
4626:
4624:
4622:
4618:
4611:
4607:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4589:
4583:
4580:
4579:
4570:
4567:
4563:
4562:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4552:
4551:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4539:
4538:
4534:
4532:
4531:
4530:vs. the World
4527:
4526:
4525:
4524:
4520:
4518:
4517:
4513:
4512:
4510:
4506:
4494:
4493:
4489:
4487:
4486:
4482:
4480:
4479:
4475:
4474:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4467:
4463:
4462:
4460:
4456:
4446:
4445:
4441:
4439:
4438:
4434:
4432:
4431:
4427:
4425:
4424:
4420:
4418:
4417:
4413:
4411:
4410:
4406:
4404:
4403:
4399:
4397:
4396:
4392:
4390:
4389:
4385:
4383:
4382:
4378:
4376:
4375:
4374:Out in Canada
4371:
4369:
4368:
4364:
4362:
4361:
4357:
4355:
4354:
4350:
4348:
4347:
4343:
4341:
4340:
4336:
4334:
4333:
4329:
4327:
4326:
4322:
4321:
4319:
4315:
4312:
4308:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4296:Pride Library
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4266:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4256:
4254:
4250:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4233:
4230:
4227:
4224:
4221:
4218:
4215:
4212:
4209:
4206:
4203:
4200:
4197:
4194:
4191:
4188:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4174:
4171:
4168:
4167:Making Scenes
4165:
4163:
4160:
4157:
4154:
4151:
4148:
4145:
4144:Fashion Cares
4142:
4139:
4136:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4114:
4112:
4108:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4085:Thunder Pride
4083:
4081:
4080:Sudbury Pride
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4049:Pride Toronto
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4039:Halifax Pride
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4019:
4018:Capital Pride
4016:
4014:
4013:Calgary Pride
4011:
4010:
4008:
4004:
4000:
3995:
3991:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3972:
3970:
3966:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3926:
3924:
3920:
3914:
3913:
3909:
3907:
3906:
3902:
3900:
3899:
3895:
3893:
3892:
3888:
3886:
3885:
3881:
3879:
3878:
3874:
3872:
3871:
3870:Egan v Canada
3867:
3865:
3864:
3860:
3859:
3857:
3855:
3851:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3799:New Brunswick
3797:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3781:
3779:
3777:
3773:
3769:
3764:
3760:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3711:
3709:
3705:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3672:
3671:Fruit machine
3669:
3668:
3667:
3664:
3663:
3661:
3657:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3642:
3639:
3635:
3630:
3626:
3622:
3621:
3617:
3613:
3606:
3602:
3595:
3590:
3588:
3583:
3581:
3576:
3575:
3572:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3534:
3531:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3474:
3470:
3466:
3456:
3455:United States
3453:
3452:
3450:
3448:
3442:
3432:
3427:
3424:
3423:
3421:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3411:legal history
3409:
3408:
3407:
3406:United States
3404:
3400:
3397:
3396:
3395:
3392:
3388:
3385:
3384:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3373:
3370:
3369:
3368:South Africa
3367:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3354:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3314:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3299:
3294:
3291:
3290:
3288:
3284:
3281:
3280:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3265:
3260:
3257:
3256:
3254:
3250:
3247:
3246:
3245:
3242:
3236:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3222:
3221:
3218:
3217:
3215:
3213:
3209:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3186:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3175:ancient Egypt
3173:
3171:
3168:
3167:
3165:
3163:
3159:
3151:
3148:
3147:
3146:
3145:United States
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3104:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3077:
3072:
3069:
3068:
3066:
3064:
3060:
3057:
3053:
3045:
3044:Transmisogyny
3042:
3040:
3037:
3033:
3030:
3029:
3028:
3027:Transfeminism
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3012:Postgenderism
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2992:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2980:
2976:
2974:
2973:Gender binary
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2938:
2934:
2933:
2929:
2923:
2917:
2916:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2903:
2900:
2899:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2862:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2815:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2790:
2784:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2762:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2755:Transmisogyny
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2729:
2726:
2725:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2710:
2708:
2706:
2702:
2696:
2693:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2680:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2642:
2640:
2638:
2634:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2607:
2606:
2603:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2593:masculinizing
2591:
2589:
2586:
2585:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2572:
2569:
2568:
2567:
2564:
2563:
2561:
2557:
2552:
2544:
2541:
2537:
2536:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2526:
2525:
2522:
2518:
2517:
2513:
2511:
2510:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2500:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2481:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2449:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2437:
2436:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2420:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2408:
2404:
2400:
2397:
2396:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2384:Gender bender
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2374:
2370:
2368:
2367:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2357:
2353:
2351:
2345:
2341:
2338:
2331:
2326:
2324:
2319:
2317:
2312:
2311:
2308:
2302:
2301:
2296:
2295:
2291:
2284:
2279:
2277:
2275:
2271:
2259:
2258:National Post
2255:
2248:
2245:
2233:
2232:National Post
2229:
2222:
2219:
2207:
2206:
2205:National Post
2201:
2197:
2191:
2188:
2184:
2172:
2165:
2163:
2159:
2154:
2148:
2145:
2133:
2129:
2122:
2119:
2107:
2103:
2096:
2093:
2080:
2073:
2070:
2067:
2062:
2059:
2054:
2048:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2036:
2035:Criminal Code
2030:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2021:Criminal Code
2016:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2007:Criminal Code
2002:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1988:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1974:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1960:
1957:
1954:
1949:
1946:
1934:
1933:
1928:
1921:
1918:
1913:
1909:
1903:
1900:
1897:
1892:
1889:
1876:
1872:
1866:
1864:
1860:
1848:
1844:
1837:
1834:
1827:
1825:
1821:
1819:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1795:
1793:
1789:
1784:
1782:
1778:
1777:Criminal Code
1774:
1770:
1766:
1765:compel speech
1762:
1758:
1754:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1739:
1736:
1728:
1726:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1711:
1710:Criminal Code
1706:
1702:
1698:
1690:
1688:
1684:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1665:Criminal Code
1659:
1658:Criminal Code
1655:
1653:
1650:
1643:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1633:Criminal Code
1630:
1623:
1617:
1615:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1585:
1583:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1572:
1571:Criminal Code
1567:
1566:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1532:
1520:
1515:
1513:
1508:
1506:
1501:
1500:
1498:
1497:
1494:
1482:
1472:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1456:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1400:
1394:
1393:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1365:
1364:
1363:United States
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1327:
1324:
1323:
1322:
1319:
1315:
1310:
1307:
1306:
1304:
1303:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1279:
1278:
1277:United States
1275:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1261:
1258:
1254:
1251:
1250:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1239:
1236:
1235:
1234:South Africa
1233:
1231:
1228:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1200:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1170:
1168:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1150:
1149:
1146:
1142:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1120:
1117:
1116:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1089:
1088:
1085:
1084:
1082:
1076:
1071:
1070:
1063:
1062:Transmisogyny
1060:
1058:
1055:
1051:
1048:
1047:
1046:
1045:Transfeminism
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1030:Postgenderism
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1006:
1004:
1001:
998:
994:
992:
991:Gender binary
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
956:
952:
951:
945:
944:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
915:
912:
911:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
881:
879:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
838:
836:
827:
826:
819:
816:
812:
809:
807:
804:
803:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
785:
784:Transmisogyny
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
770:
767:
766:
765:
762:
758:
744:
743:
742:
739:
738:
732:
729:
727:
724:
723:
721:
719:
716:
712:
711:United States
709:
707:
704:
703:
702:
699:
697:
694:
692:
689:
688:
684:
681:
679:
678:Organizations
676:
674:
671:
670:
666:
663:
661:
658:
656:
653:
652:
649:
643:
642:
632:
628:
627:
626:
623:
620:
619:Voice therapy
616:
614:
611:
609:
606:
603:
599:
598:
593:
589:
586:
582:
577:
573:
570:
566:
565:
563:
559:
558:
553:
549:
545:
544:masculinizing
542:
540:
537:
536:
534:
530:
529:
524:
520:
515:
511:
510:
508:
504:
501:
500:Gender clinic
497:
496:
492:
487:
486:
479:
476:
472:
471:
467:
465:
462:
461:
460:
457:
453:
452:
448:
446:
445:
441:
439:
436:
435:
434:
431:
429:
426:
422:
419:
417:
416:
412:
410:
407:
405:
402:
400:
397:
395:
392:
390:
387:
385:
384:
380:
378:
375:
372:
371:
366:
364:
361:
359:
356:
355:
354:
351:
349:
346:
344:
343:
339:
335:
332:
331:
330:
327:
325:
322:
320:
319:Gender bender
317:
315:
312:
310:
309:
305:
303:
302:
298:
296:
293:
292:
289:
284:
283:
277:
274:
272:
269:
267:
264:
263:
261:
260:
242:
241:
238:
234:
230:
226:
225:
217:
213:
209:
207:Third reading
205:
201:
197:
193:
191:First reading
189:
186:
181:
177:
175:
174:Third reading
171:
167:
165:
161:
157:
155:
154:First reading
151:
148:
144:
141:
139:Introduced by
137:
134:, 1st Session
133:
129:
126:
124:Bill citation
122:
119:
114:
109:
105:
101:
97:
95:
91:
87:
83:
80:
77:
73:
69:
65:
62:
59:
55:
52:
49:
45:
42:
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
19:
4787:The Junction
4686:Egale Canada
4676:The ArQuives
4621:Gay villages
4559:
4535:
4528:
4521:
4514:
4490:
4483:
4476:
4464:
4442:
4435:
4428:
4421:
4414:
4407:
4400:
4393:
4386:
4379:
4372:
4365:
4358:
4351:
4344:
4337:
4330:
4323:
4263:
4192:(Whitehorse)
4150:Image+Nation
4070:Simcoe Pride
4034:Guelph Pride
3933:
3910:
3903:
3896:
3889:
3882:
3875:
3868:
3861:
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3609:
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3192:Nazi Germany
2913:
2887:Publications
2805:Christianity
2740:Cisgenderism
2660:Legal status
2650:Legal gender
2622:Legal status
2558:and medicine
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602:Hair removal
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210:15 June 2017
202:2 March 2017
106:19 June 2017
98:19 June 2017
94:Royal assent
88:15 June 2017
24:
18:
4951:Hate speech
4905:Transgender
4782:Celebrities
4647:Gay Village
4643:(Vancouver)
4629:Bank Street
4485:Xtra Ottawa
4395:Perceptions
4198:(Vancouver)
4138:Fairy Tales
4132:Divers/Cité
3809:Nova Scotia
3659:Persecution
3429: [
3379:South Korea
3349:New Zealand
3296: [
3262: [
3233: [
3197:South Korea
3183: [
3101: [
3074: [
2882:Pornography
2775:trans panic
2571:in children
2556:Health care
2543:Transsexual
2524:Transgender
2498:Trans woman
2454:Mudoko dako
2435:Femminiello
2337:Transgender
2263:28 November
2237:28 November
2211:20 November
2085:10 February
1912:www.parl.ca
1881:10 February
1779:offence of
1701:Bill Siksay
1312: [
1292:Transphobia
1245:South Korea
1215:New Zealand
1139: [
706:South Korea
646:Rights and
514:in children
491:Health care
478:Transsexual
459:Transgender
433:Trans woman
389:Mudoko dako
370:Femminiello
158:17 May 2016
4915:Categories
4711:Kind Space
4661:(Montreal)
4655:(Montreal)
4649:(Montreal)
4545:Maleflixxx
4537:Slaycation
4508:Television
4478:Daily Xtra
4252:Literature
4234:(Kingston)
4228:(Winnipeg)
4226:Reel Pride
4222:(Edmonton)
4175:(Montreal)
4156:Inside Out
4152:(Montreal)
3954:Policy 713
3332:Tamil Nadu
3055:By country
2968:Deadnaming
2925:Theory and
2902:ice hockey
2745:Inequality
2588:feminizing
2474:Two-spirit
2459:Mukhannath
2428:Faʻafafine
1828:References
1183:Tamil Nadu
1075:By country
986:Deadnaming
936:Television
914:non-binary
899:Literature
796:Inequality
769:Non-binary
696:Healthcare
539:feminizing
409:Two-spirit
394:Mukhannath
363:Faʻafafine
4637:(Toronto)
4458:Newspaper
4402:Plenitude
4210:(Sudbury)
4186:(Halifax)
4173:Massimadi
4158:(Toronto)
4146:(defunct)
4140:(Calgary)
4134:(defunct)
4090:Tri-Pride
3934:Bill C-16
3445:Political
3357:2017 bill
3353:Pakistan
3317:2014 Bill
3244:Australia
3220:Argentina
3202:Singapore
3135:Singapore
3083:Australia
3071:Argentina
2892:Sexuality
2627:Pregnancy
2610:to female
2535:Akava'ine
2503:Fakaleitī
2493:Trans man
2413:Koekchuch
2379:Cisgender
2373:Burrnesha
2360:Androgyne
2177:2 January
2137:1 October
2111:1 October
1729:Reception
1548:Bill C-16
1383:Stonewall
1353:Singapore
1321:Australia
1309:Argentina
1270:2022 bill
1230:Singapore
1203:2017 bill
1199:Pakistan
1173:2014 bill
1119:2016 bill
1104:Australia
1087:Argentina
608:Pregnancy
493:practices
470:Akava'ine
438:Fakaleitī
428:Trans man
348:Koekchuch
314:Cisgender
308:Burrnesha
295:Androgyne
103:Commenced
4797:Pumpjack
4631:(Ottawa)
4555:Programs
4416:SamiYoni
4388:OutWords
4381:Outlooks
4317:Magazine
4204:(Regina)
4122:BOLDfest
4061:(Regina)
3854:Case law
3794:Manitoba
3547:Category
3542:Timeline
3492:Intersex
3468:See also
3426:2018 law
3422:Uruguay
3416:title IX
3399:2004 act
3387:2022 law
3372:2003 Act
3362:2018 Act
3322:2019 Act
3293:2018 law
3259:2016 law
3255:Bolivia
3249:re Kevin
3230:2021 law
3225:2012 law
3093:Cambodia
2927:concepts
2770:killings
2765:genocide
2760:Violence
2679:Toilets
2665:Marriage
2509:Mak nyah
2486:X-gender
2469:Travesti
2132:BBC News
1932:CBC News
1852:17 March
1673:genocide
1493:Category
1418:Intersex
1397:See also
1368:Legality
1326:Re Kevin
1287:Title IX
1265:2004 act
1253:2022 law
1238:2003 act
1223:2016 act
1208:2018 act
1178:2019 act
1163:2024 law
1158:2018 law
1153:1980 law
1097:2021 law
1092:2012 law
926:Religion
801:Violence
791:Genocide
722:Toilets
444:Mak nyah
421:X-gender
404:Travesti
276:Timeline
229:a series
227:Part of
218:In force
47:Citation
4855:Portals
4812:Woody's
4807:Le Stud
4792:Numbers
4746:Qmunity
4701:The 519
4582:CIRR-FM
4569:Playmen
4466:GO Info
3999:Culture
3839:Nunavut
3814:Ontario
3784:Alberta
3634:History
3537:Outline
3344:Ireland
3307:Germany
3115:Finland
3063:History
3022:Studies
2855:History
2814:Events
2615:to male
2605:Surgery
2516:Rae-rae
2442:Khanith
2407:Kathoey
1938:16 June
1875:parl.ca
1618:Summary
1596:Liberal
1343:Finland
1302:History
1219:Norway
1195:Ireland
1148:Germany
1131:Finland
1040:Studies
878:Culture
806:Murders
718:Prisons
451:Rae-rae
377:Khanith
342:Kathoey
271:History
266:Outline
216:Status:
4869:Canada
4802:Stereo
4726:Priape
4437:Wayves
4346:Fugues
4110:Events
3922:Policy
3824:Quebec
3482:Gender
3383:Spain
3327:Kerala
3289:Chile
3278:Canada
3273:Brazil
3212:Rights
3180:France
3162:People
3130:Russia
3088:Brazil
2897:Sports
2877:People
2800:BlÄhaj
2750:Prison
2688:unisex
2637:Rights
2480:Winkte
2340:topics
1747:Senate
1677:gender
1608:Senate
1536:French
1491:
1408:Gender
1333:Brazil
1249:Spain
1169:India
1136:France
1114:Canada
1109:Brazil
1081:Rights
931:Sports
909:People
731:Unisex
691:Asylum
415:Winkte
256:
253:
250:
247:
244:
185:Senate
85:Passed
79:Senate
67:Passed
4893:LGBTQ
4591:Other
4550:OutTV
4423:Siren
4409:Rites
4360:J.D.s
4310:Media
4006:Pride
3968:Other
3884:M v H
3844:Yukon
3433:]
3312:India
3300:]
3266:]
3237:]
3187:]
3170:China
3150:legal
3120:India
3110:China
3105:]
3098:Chile
3078:]
3032:views
2909:Youth
2850:Flags
2843:LGBTQ
2833:March
2529:Youth
2423:Bakla
2389:Hijra
2173:. CBC
1338:China
1316:]
1143:]
1126:China
1050:views
866:March
625:WPATH
464:Youth
358:Bakla
324:Hijra
4770:Bars
3502:LGBT
3339:Iran
3125:Iran
2915:more
2870:film
2464:Muxe
2448:MÄhĆ«
2265:2017
2239:2017
2213:2017
2179:2020
2139:2018
2113:2018
2106:Vice
2087:2019
1940:2017
1883:2019
1854:2018
1801:, a
1733:The
1681:Code
1669:Code
1558:and
1428:LGBT
1190:Iran
894:Film
871:more
861:Flag
399:Muxe
383:MÄhĆ«
128:C-16
4881:Law
4444:YGA
4430:TWO
4353:Gay
4339:fab
3768:Law
3507:Sex
2598:DIY
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1594:'s
1433:Sex
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