3870:'s ideas, Marx elaborates on the theory. According to Marx's analysis of the Programme, Lassalle suggests that "the proceeds of labor belong undiminished with equal right to all members of society". While agreeing that the citizens of a workers' society should be rewarded according to individual contributions, Marx claims that giving them the "full product" of their labor is impossible as some of the proceeds will be needed to maintain infrastructure and so forth. He then explains the nature of a communist society in its transition phase (
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1700:
3874:), which does not emerge from its own foundations "but, on the contrary, .. from capitalist society; thus in every respect, economically, morally, and intellectually, still stamped with the birthmarks of the old society from whose womb it emerges". And so, "accordingly, the individual producer receives back from society â after the deductions have been made â exactly what he gives to it". He explains this as:
3938:. Lenin claims that socialism will not be perfect since, as Marx said, it has emerged from the womb of capitalism and which is in every respect stamped with the birthmarks of the old society. This society, socialism, will be unable to provide people with total equality, precisely because it is still marked by capitalism. He also explains the difference between the old society and the new as:
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The means of production are no longer the private property of individuals. The means of production belong to the whole of society. Every member of society, performing a certain part of the socially-necessary work, receives a certificate from society to the effect that he has done a certain amount of
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Content and form are changed, because under the altered circumstances no one can give anything except his labor, and because, on the other hand, nothing can pass to the ownership of individuals, except individual means of consumption. But as far as the distribution of the latter among the individual
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Property income is, by definition, received by virtue of owning property. Rent is received from the ownership of land or natural resources; interest is received by virtue of owning financial assets; and profit is received from the ownership of production capital. Property income is not received in
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to inform the public and to prevent
Marxism from becoming tainted by "opportunists" and "reformists", as he called them. The work is very important as it categorizes the "first phase of communist society" as socialism, with the completed phase being communism proper. The pamphlet also answers many
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would later state, is to promote productivity. This is done by creating incentives to work harder, longer, and more productively. The principle is ultimately a stowaway from capitalism that, according to Marx, will vanish as work becomes more automated and enjoyable, and goods become available in
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that they contributed. This translates into workers of great productivity receiving more wages and benefits than workers of average productivity, and substantially more than workers of lesser productivity. An extension of this principle could also be made so that the more difficult one's job is â
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What he has given to it is his individual quantum of labor. For example, the social working day consists of the sum of the individual hours of work; the individual labor time of the individual producer is the part of the social working day contributed by him, his share in it. He receives a
3990:
Capitalism prepared the conditions and forces for a social revolution: technique, science and the proletariat. The communist structure cannot, however, immediately replace the bourgeois society. The material and cultural inheritance from the past is wholly inadequate for
1560:. It refers to an arrangement whereby individual compensation is representative of one's contribution to the social product (total output of the economy) in terms of effort, labor and productivity. This is in contrast to the method of distribution and compensation in
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Marx says that this is rational and necessary, and that once society advances from the early phase of communist society and work becomes life's prime want, distribution will occur differently. During the completed phase of communism, the standard shall be
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of the 1820s and 1830s used slogans such as, "from each according to his ability, to each ability according to its work" or, "From each according to his capacity, to each according to his works.â Other examples of this can be found from
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are owned by a small minority who do not produce, but rather live off the labor of others. Socialism is said to remedy this by putting the means of production in common hands and rewarding individuals according to their contributions.
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that he has furnished such-and-such an amount of labor (after deducting his labor for the common funds); and with this certificate, he draws from the social stock of means of consumption as much as the same amount of labor cost.
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Under socialism, each individual would be expected to contribute according to capability, and rewards would be distributed in proportion to that contribution. Subsequently, under communism, the basis of reward would be
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work. And with this certificate he receives from the public store of consumer goods a corresponding quantity of products. After a deduction is made of the amount of labor which goes to the public fund,
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in its first steps the workersâ state cannot yet permit everyone to work "according to his abilities" â that is, as much as he can and wishes to â nor can it reward everyone "according to his needs
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whether this difficulty is derived from greater training requirements, job intensity, safety hazards, etc. â the more one is rewarded for the labor contributed. The purpose of the principle, as
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In the paragraph immediately following, Marx continues to explain how this system of exchange is related to the capitalist system of exchange:
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3997:", regardless of the work he does." And he presents the principle as the method that socialism will use by saying: "
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The term means simply that each worker in a socialist society receives compensation and benefits according to the
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When he is set to describe socialism and its economic features he turns to the authority of Marx, especially the
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Here, obviously, the same principle prevails as that which regulates the exchange of commodities, as far as
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Lenin states that such a society is indeed socialism as it realizes the two principles of socialism "
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producers is concerned, the same principle prevails as in the exchange of commodity equivalents:
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The same amount of labor which he has given to society in one form, he receives back in another.
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the distribution of life's goods in proportion to the quantity and quality of individual labor.
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a given amount of labor in one form is exchanged for an equal amount of labor in another form.
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1556:" is a principle of distribution considered to be one of the defining features of
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by virtue of ownership irrespective of their contribution to the social product.
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every worker, therefore, receives from society as much as he has given to it.
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4083: â Change in output that results from employing an added unit of labor
4074:
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3673:
3472:
2553:
2006:
3808:
1564:, an economic and political system in which property owners can receive
1508:
1479:
4047: â How a country's total GDP is distributed amongst its population
2447:
1691:
1667:
1063:
542:
522:
2442:
1565:
1068:
3927:
questions and concerns of the
Marxists of his time by utilizing the
4109: â Income gained through ownership of land and other monopoly
3977:
From each according to his ability, to each according to his work.
3954:" and "an equal amount of products for an equal amount of labor".
3910:
from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs
880:
4030:
From each according to his ability, to each according to his need
4380:, the complete text of Trotsky's most famous and important work.
313:
4219:
The
Proffered Crown: Saint-Simonianism and the Doctrine of Hope
4177:
return for any productive activity performed by its recipients.
1977:
Their Morals and Ours: The class foundations of moral practice
1571:
The concept formed the basic definition of socialism for its
1602:
was a concept espoused by many members of the socialist and
3974:
The principle applied in the U.S.S.R. is that of socialism:
1942:
1591:" as the corresponding principle of completed communism.
1762:
The Origin of the Family, Private
Property and the State
18:
An equal amount of products for an equal amount of labor
4372:, the complete text of Lenin's main philosophical work.
4091:
Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
4053: â Ownership of creative expressions and processes
4034:
Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
4025:
Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
4103: â Sociopolitical economic philosophy and system
4077: â Political theory developed by Vladimir Lenin
3993:" He goes on to defend his position by saying that "
1627:, inspired by Marx's writing on the subject in his
3968:Stalin's most famous use of the concept is in his
4089: â Crime of living at the expense of others
3940:
3893:
3876:
1587:, as well as for Marx, who contrasted it with "
4356:, Marx's socioeconomic analysis of capitalism.
4222:. Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 75.
4129:Comparing Economic Systems in the Twenty-First
4065: â Worker whose main capital is knowledge
3852:Capitalism can lead to a situation where the
3833:
1722:The Condition of the Working Class in England
1533:
8:
4127:Gregory and Stuart, Paul and Robert (2003).
1717:Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844
4158:Encyclopedia of Political Economy, Volume 2
4131:. South-Western College Pub. p. 118.
4039:He who does not work, neither shall he eat
3952:he who does not work, neither shall he eat
3840:
3826:
2414:
1862:Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses
1737:The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte
1678:
1540:
1526:
29:
4192:Political Ideas of the Utopian Socialists
4017: â Revolutionary anarchist doctrine
3964:both mentioned the term in their works.
4119:
4032: â Slogan popularised by Karl Marx
2525:
2477:
2417:
1972:The Struggle Against Fascism in Germany
1690:
41:
2648:Socialism with Chinese characteristics
4071: â Proposed alternative to money
3561:Critique: Journal of Socialist Theory
1932:Change the World Without Taking Power
1600:To each according to his contribution
1554:To each according to his contribution
1309:International socialist organizations
257:To each according to his contribution
7:
4361:The Critique of the Gotha Programme
4279:The Critique of the Gotha Programme
3982:Trotsky's mention is in his famous
1887:Marxism and the Oppression of Women
1817:Theses on the Philosophy of History
27:Socialist principle of distribution
4156:O'Hara, Phillip (September 2003).
25:
4189:Keith Taylor (26 November 2013).
3897:this is exchange of equal values.
1907:Time, Labor and Social Domination
3807:
3795:
3783:
3619:21st-century communist theorists
1957:Towards Socialism or Capitalism?
1872:How Europe Underdeveloped Africa
1792:Essays on Marx's Theory of Value
1698:
1507:
1495:
1478:
49:
3936:Critique of the Gotha Programme
3863:Critique of the Gotha Programme
2321:Theory of historical trajectory
2199:Dictatorship of the proletariat
1897:Hegemony and Socialist Strategy
1797:History and Class Consciousness
1752:Critique of the Gotha Programme
1663:quantity and value of the labor
1630:Critique of the Gotha Programme
4041: â New Testament aphorism
2119:Socially necessary labour time
2017:Philosophy in the Soviet Union
1902:The Sublime Object of Ideology
1827:A Critique of Soviet Economics
1:
4059: â German language idiom
2040:Critique of political economy
1589:to each according to his need
142:Critique of political economy
2077:Falling profit-rate tendency
1852:The Society of the Spectacle
1412:Socialist calculation debate
1382:List of socialist economists
1357:Economic calculation problem
242:Socialist mode of production
99:Socialist calculation debate
4216:Robert B. Carlisle (1987).
4087:Parasitism (social offense)
3551:Capitalism Nature Socialism
2067:Concrete and abstract labor
1952:Capital in the Anthropocene
1877:Social Justice and the City
1772:The Accumulation of Capital
1639:thinkers, such as American
4430:
4195:. Routledge. p. 193.
1822:Dialectic of Enlightenment
4081:Marginal product of labor
3916:The Marxist-Leninist view
1967:Literature and Revolution
1927:Late Victorian Holocausts
1857:Pedagogy of the Oppressed
1842:The Wretched of the Earth
1407:Socialism and LGBT rights
351:Socialist-oriented market
299:Socialist planned economy
202:Material balance planning
4369:The State and Revolution
4321:1936 Soviet Constitution
4294:The State and Revolution
4245:The State and Revolution
3970:1936 Soviet Constitution
3929:classic works of Marxism
3923:The State and Revolution
3881:certificate from society
1917:The Origin of Capitalism
1787:The State and Revolution
1585:individualist anarchists
1579:, classical economists,
346:Socialist market economy
271:Workers' self-management
237:Socialism in one country
84:Age of the Enlightenment
4377:The Revolution Betrayed
4335:The Revolution Betrayed
4262:The Revolution Betrayed
4021:Equality of opportunity
3985:The Revolution Betrayed
2623:MarxismâLeninismâMaoism
2266:Relations of production
2149:Base and superstructure
2002:Dialectical materialism
1962:The Revolution Betrayed
1782:Terrorism and Communism
1777:Philosophical Notebooks
1732:The Communist Manifesto
1606:. The French socialist
1581:collectivist anarchists
1347:Criticism of capitalism
358:Participatory economics
192:Labour-time calculation
4394:Political catchphrases
4015:Collectivist anarchism
3948:
3905:
3889:
3566:Historical Materialism
2311:Proletarian revolution
2306:Primitive accumulation
2301:Historical determinism
1595:Definition and purpose
1575:proponents, including
1352:Criticism of socialism
304:Decentralized planning
207:Peerâtoâpeer economics
4258:Leon Trotzky (1936).
4051:Intellectual property
3802:Philosophy portal
3596:Science & Society
2214:Democratic centralism
2072:Factors of production
1937:Caliban and the Witch
1882:Women, Race and Class
1637:Libertarian socialist
4247:Chapter 5, Section 3
3866:, while criticizing
3814:Socialism portal
3790:Communism portal
3659:History of communism
3654:Economic determinism
3639:Criticism of Marxism
3629:Creative destruction
2389:Marxism and religion
2109:Scientific socialism
2012:Philosophy of nature
1892:Imagined Communities
1757:Dialectics of Nature
1577:Ricardian socialists
1502:Communism portal
1485:Socialism portal
177:Industrial democracy
127:Collective ownership
4414:Classical economics
4096:Pre-Marx socialists
4045:Income distribution
3854:means of production
3546:Capital & Class
2226:False consciousness
2174:Commodity fetishism
2164:Class consciousness
2082:Means of production
1912:The Age of Extremes
1832:The Long Revolution
1767:What Is to Be Done?
1727:The German Ideology
1675:Elaboration by Marx
1387:Market abolitionism
1372:Left-libertarianism
309:Inclusive Democracy
276:Workplace democracy
122:Calculation in kind
104:Socialist economics
94:Revolutions of 1848
4264:Chapter 3, Part 1"
3972:. He writes that "
3868:Ferdinand Lassalle
3760:Worker cooperative
3738:Left-wing populism
3664:Left-wing politics
3601:Socialist Register
3591:Rethinking Marxism
2384:Literary criticism
2087:Mode of production
1947:Capitalist Realism
1807:The Black Jacobins
1613:Ferdinand Lassalle
1392:Marxist philosophy
212:Production for use
182:Inputâoutput model
147:Economic democracy
4404:Marxian economics
4353:Capital: Volume I
4292:"Vladimir Lenin,
4229:978-0-8018-3512-4
4202:978-1-135-16562-8
3872:socialist society
3850:
3849:
3691:Political ecology
3669:Marxian economics
2608:Council communism
2576:
2575:
2503:Neue Marx-LektĂŒre
2465:Regulation school
2354:Cultural analysis
2246:Lumpenproletariat
2189:Cultural hegemony
2179:Communist society
2169:Classless society
2104:Productive forces
1837:Guerrilla Warfare
1710:Theoretical works
1619:'s statements to
1550:
1549:
1342:Communist society
1314:Socialist parties
573:Saint-Simonianism
162:Equal opportunity
152:Economic planning
89:French Revolution
16:(Redirected from
4421:
4409:Economic systems
4339:
4330:
4324:
4317:
4311:
4310:
4308:
4307:
4298:. Archived from
4288:
4282:
4274:
4268:
4267:
4255:
4249:
4243:Vladimir Lenin,
4240:
4234:
4233:
4213:
4207:
4206:
4186:
4180:
4179:
4164:. p. 1135.
4153:
4147:
4146:
4124:
4092:
4063:Knowledge worker
4035:
4026:
3988:. He says that "
3842:
3835:
3828:
3812:
3811:
3800:
3799:
3798:
3788:
3787:
3786:
3765:Workers' council
3586:Race & Class
2493:Frankfurt School
2460:Neo-Gramscianism
2433:MarxismâLeninism
2415:
2359:Cultural Studies
2316:World revolution
2261:Private property
1802:Prison Notebooks
1702:
1679:
1656:capitalist class
1542:
1535:
1528:
1514:Organized Labour
1512:
1511:
1500:
1499:
1498:
1483:
1482:
1427:Workers' council
1064:Gracchi Brothers
588:Social democracy
331:Market socialism
319:Project Cybersyn
247:Soviet democracy
232:Social ownership
187:Internationalism
167:Free association
137:Common ownership
53:
30:
21:
4429:
4428:
4424:
4423:
4422:
4420:
4419:
4418:
4384:
4383:
4348:
4343:
4342:
4331:
4327:
4318:
4314:
4305:
4303:
4290:
4289:
4285:
4275:
4271:
4257:
4256:
4252:
4241:
4237:
4230:
4215:
4214:
4210:
4203:
4188:
4187:
4183:
4172:
4155:
4154:
4150:
4139:
4126:
4125:
4121:
4116:
4107:Unearned income
4090:
4057:Jedem das Seine
4033:
4024:
4011:
3918:
3846:
3806:
3796:
3794:
3784:
3782:
3770:
3769:
3743:Universal class
3634:Conflict theory
3614:
3606:
3605:
3581:New Left Review
3536:
3528:
3527:
2668:
2658:
2657:
2588:
2578:
2577:
2488:Budapest School
2412:
2411:Common variants
2404:
2403:
2334:
2326:
2325:
2291:
2281:
2280:
2184:Critical theory
2144:
2134:
2133:
2114:Surplus product
2042:
2032:
2031:
1992:
1982:
1981:
1847:Reading Capital
1712:
1677:
1652:unearned income
1650:and accrual of
1644:Benjamin Tucker
1608:Saint-Simonists
1597:
1546:
1506:
1496:
1494:
1477:
1470:
1469:
1440:
1432:
1431:
1422:Socialist state
1417:Socialist Party
1362:Economic system
1327:
1319:
1318:
1304:
1294:
1293:
1059:
1051:
1050:
631:
623:
622:
438:Democratic road
373:
363:
362:
289:
281:
280:
227:Social dividend
217:Sharing economy
117:
109:
108:
79:
71:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4427:
4425:
4417:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4386:
4385:
4382:
4381:
4373:
4365:
4357:
4347:
4346:External links
4344:
4341:
4340:
4333:Leon Trotsky,
4325:
4312:
4283:
4269:
4250:
4235:
4228:
4208:
4201:
4181:
4170:
4148:
4137:
4118:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4111:
4110:
4104:
4098:
4093:
4084:
4078:
4072:
4069:Labour voucher
4066:
4060:
4054:
4048:
4042:
4036:
4027:
4018:
4010:
4007:
4006:
4005:
3980:
3917:
3914:
3848:
3847:
3845:
3844:
3837:
3830:
3822:
3819:
3818:
3817:
3816:
3804:
3792:
3780:
3772:
3771:
3768:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3756:
3755:
3748:Vulgar Marxism
3745:
3740:
3735:
3734:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3682:
3681:
3676:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3615:
3613:Related topics
3612:
3611:
3608:
3607:
3604:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3576:Monthly Review
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3556:Constellations
3553:
3548:
3543:
3537:
3534:
3533:
3530:
3529:
3526:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
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2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
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2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2669:
2664:
2663:
2660:
2659:
2656:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2589:
2586:Other variants
2584:
2583:
2580:
2579:
2574:
2573:
2572:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2528:
2527:
2523:
2522:
2521:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2482:
2481:
2475:
2474:
2473:
2472:
2470:Third-worldist
2467:
2462:
2457:
2456:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2430:
2422:
2421:
2413:
2410:
2409:
2406:
2405:
2402:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2379:Historiography
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2335:
2332:
2331:
2328:
2327:
2324:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2296:Class struggle
2292:
2287:
2286:
2283:
2282:
2279:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2251:Metabolic rift
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2217:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2145:
2140:
2139:
2136:
2135:
2132:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2100:
2099:
2094:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2043:
2038:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2030:
2029:
2027:Marxist ethics
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1993:
1988:
1987:
1984:
1983:
1980:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1867:Ways of Seeing
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1713:
1708:
1707:
1704:
1703:
1695:
1694:
1688:
1687:
1676:
1673:
1625:Vladimir Lenin
1604:labor movement
1596:
1593:
1548:
1547:
1545:
1544:
1537:
1530:
1522:
1519:
1518:
1517:
1516:
1504:
1492:
1472:
1471:
1468:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1430:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1377:Libertarianism
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1328:
1326:Related topics
1325:
1324:
1321:
1320:
1317:
1316:
1311:
1305:
1300:
1299:
1296:
1295:
1292:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1060:
1057:
1056:
1053:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
958:
953:
948:
943:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
648:
643:
638:
632:
629:
628:
625:
624:
621:
620:
615:
610:
605:
600:
595:
590:
585:
580:
575:
570:
565:
560:
555:
550:
545:
540:
535:
530:
525:
520:
515:
510:
505:
500:
495:
490:
485:
480:
475:
470:
465:
460:
455:
450:
445:
440:
435:
430:
425:
420:
415:
410:
405:
400:
395:
390:
385:
380:
374:
369:
368:
365:
364:
361:
360:
355:
354:
353:
348:
343:
338:
328:
327:
326:
321:
316:
311:
306:
296:
290:
287:
286:
283:
282:
279:
278:
273:
268:
263:
254:
249:
244:
239:
234:
229:
224:
219:
214:
209:
204:
199:
197:Labour voucher
194:
189:
184:
179:
174:
169:
164:
159:
154:
149:
144:
139:
134:
129:
124:
118:
115:
114:
111:
110:
107:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
80:
77:
76:
73:
72:
70:
69:
64:
58:
55:
54:
46:
45:
39:
38:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4426:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4391:
4389:
4379:
4378:
4374:
4371:
4370:
4366:
4363:
4362:
4358:
4355:
4354:
4350:
4349:
4345:
4338:
4336:
4329:
4326:
4323:
4322:
4316:
4313:
4302:on 2011-09-28
4301:
4297:
4295:
4287:
4284:
4281:
4280:
4273:
4270:
4265:
4263:
4254:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4239:
4236:
4231:
4225:
4221:
4220:
4212:
4209:
4204:
4198:
4194:
4193:
4185:
4182:
4178:
4173:
4171:0-415-24187-1
4167:
4163:
4159:
4152:
4149:
4145:
4140:
4138:0-618-26181-8
4134:
4130:
4123:
4120:
4113:
4108:
4105:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4088:
4085:
4082:
4079:
4076:
4073:
4070:
4067:
4064:
4061:
4058:
4055:
4052:
4049:
4046:
4043:
4040:
4037:
4031:
4028:
4022:
4019:
4016:
4013:
4012:
4008:
4003:
4000:
3996:
3992:
3987:
3986:
3981:
3978:
3975:
3971:
3967:
3966:
3965:
3963:
3959:
3958:Joseph Stalin
3955:
3953:
3947:
3946:
3939:
3937:
3932:
3930:
3925:
3924:
3915:
3913:
3911:
3904:
3903:
3898:
3892:
3888:
3887:
3882:
3875:
3873:
3869:
3865:
3864:
3858:
3855:
3843:
3838:
3836:
3831:
3829:
3824:
3823:
3821:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3803:
3793:
3791:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3775:
3774:
3773:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3754:
3751:
3750:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3721:Revolutionary
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3701:Authoritarian
3699:
3698:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3671:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3616:
3610:
3609:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3538:
3532:
3531:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3503:Moufawad-Paul
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
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2613:Eurocommunism
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2544:Communization
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2518:Praxis School
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2276:Working class
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2057:Crisis theory
2055:
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2048:
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2044:
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2036:
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2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
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1649:
1645:
1642:
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1634:
1632:
1631:
1626:
1623:'s writings.
1622:
1618:
1617:Eugen DĂŒhring
1614:
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1445:Related lists
1443:
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1415:
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1408:
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1402:Progressivism
1400:
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1397:Nanosocialism
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1302:Organizations
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1209:van der Lubbe
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630:Intellectuals
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563:Revolutionary
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498:Laissez-faire
496:
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403:Authoritarian
401:
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252:Strike action
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158:
157:Equal liberty
155:
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135:
133:
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128:
125:
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120:
119:
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52:
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40:
36:
32:
31:
19:
4375:
4367:
4360:
4351:
4334:
4328:
4320:
4315:
4304:. Retrieved
4300:the original
4293:
4286:
4278:
4272:
4261:
4253:
4244:
4238:
4218:
4211:
4191:
4184:
4175:
4157:
4151:
4142:
4128:
4122:
4001:
3998:
3994:
3989:
3983:
3976:
3973:
3962:Leon Trotsky
3956:
3949:
3944:
3941:
3935:
3933:
3921:
3920:Lenin wrote
3919:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3894:
3890:
3885:
3877:
3871:
3861:
3859:
3851:
3686:Municipalism
3498:Bhattacharya
2643:Situationist
2618:Instrumental
2271:State theory
2236:Immiseration
2231:Human nature
2221:Exploitation
2051:accumulation
1660:
1648:exploitation
1635:
1628:
1621:Leon Trotsky
1599:
1598:
1570:
1553:
1551:
458:Evolutionary
378:21st-century
256:
172:Freed market
4277:Karl Marx,
3649:Communalism
3048:Wallerstein
2638:Revisionist
2369:Film theory
2349:Criminology
2344:Archaeology
2256:Proletariat
2241:Imperialism
2154:Bourgeoisie
2129:Wage labour
2022:Reification
1812:On Practice
1671:abundance.
1573:pre-Marxist
1489:WikiProject
1367:French Left
1159:Spiridonova
1058:Politicians
971:Castoriadis
651:Saint-Simon
603:Third World
598:Syndicalism
533:Nationalist
508:Libertarian
473:Free-market
336:Lange model
324:Soviet-type
294:Communalism
266:Vanguardism
222:Spontaneism
132:Cooperative
78:Development
4388:Categories
4306:2007-11-30
4114:References
3706:Democratic
3571:Mediations
3183:Przeworski
3123:Poulantzas
2973:Sivanandan
2928:Bettelheim
2828:Horkheimer
2823:MariĂĄtegui
2798:Pashukanis
2723:Liebknecht
2653:Wertkritik
2593:Analytical
2453:Trotskyism
2428:Autonomist
2419:Structural
2399:Philosophy
2339:Aesthetics
2124:Value-form
2092:Capitalist
1997:Alienation
1990:Philosophy
1742:Grundrisse
1562:capitalism
1460:Socialists
1455:By country
1337:Capitalism
1219:Mitterrand
1184:Gerhardsen
1129:Liebknecht
1114:Markievicz
1041:Varoufakis
991:Fotopoulos
661:Saint-Just
656:Buonarroti
641:Campanella
578:Scientific
513:Marhaenism
468:Fourierism
453:Ecological
433:Democratic
4399:Socialism
4337:Chapter 3
4162:Routledge
4101:Socialism
3753:Economism
3716:Reformist
3696:Socialism
3644:Communism
3624:Anarchism
3478:Coulthard
3403:McDonnell
3363:Screpanti
3273:Rowbotham
3138:Harnecker
2948:Althusser
2888:Deutscher
2728:Kollontai
2718:Luxemburg
2698:Plekhanov
2628:Nkrumaism
2539:Classical
2513:Political
2438:Guevarism
2394:Sociology
2374:Geography
2194:Democracy
2142:Sociology
2097:Socialist
2062:Commodity
1641:anarchist
1558:socialism
1332:Anarchism
1254:Gorbachev
1104:Malatesta
1099:Bernstein
876:Pankhurst
856:Pannekoek
846:Luxemburg
801:Plekhanov
776:Carpenter
771:Kropotkin
568:Ricardian
558:Religious
553:Reformism
538:Nkrumaism
528:Municipal
428:Communism
423:Christian
408:Blanquism
398:Anarchism
341:Mutualism
43:Socialism
4075:Leninism
4009:See also
3679:Old Left
3674:New Left
3541:Antipode
3535:Journals
3438:Heinrich
3413:Roediger
3408:Douzinas
3398:Hennessy
3353:Holloway
3268:Hartsock
3258:Eagleton
3243:Federici
3218:Bannerji
3193:Therborn
3173:RanciĂšre
3168:Easthope
3148:Anderson
3143:Altvater
3043:O'Connor
3038:MĂ©szĂĄros
3033:Guattari
2988:Thompson
2978:Miliband
2958:Williams
2943:Hobsbawm
2918:Emmanuel
2898:Beauvoir
2863:Lefebvre
2808:Benjamin
2773:Bukharin
2753:Zinoviev
2748:Grossman
2733:Bogdanov
2708:Connolly
2688:Lafargue
2633:Orthodox
2603:Centrist
2554:Leninism
2549:Feminist
2498:Humanist
2479:Hegelian
2007:Ideology
1684:a series
1682:Part of
1450:Category
1189:Erlander
1149:Kerensky
1119:Connolly
976:Thompson
961:Bookchin
951:Montseny
901:Vanzetti
866:Einstein
836:Landauer
741:Saltykov
736:Lassalle
696:Proudhon
478:Gandhian
463:Feminist
413:Buddhist
393:Agrarian
371:Variants
35:a series
33:Part of
3860:In the
3778:Outline
3731:Utopian
3508:Srnicek
3493:Toscano
3488:Seymour
3443:Prashad
3393:Sankara
3388:Berardi
3373:Hampton
3348:Burawoy
3318:Panitch
3313:Haraway
3303:Cleaver
3288:Brenner
3253:Balibar
3208:Postone
3198:Losurdo
3128:Vattimo
3098:Gonzalo
3093:Jameson
3083:Parenti
3023:Liebman
3018:Guevara
2908:Nkrumah
2903:Sombart
2878:Padmore
2848:Kalecki
2843:Marcuse
2803:Bordiga
2788:Gramsci
2743:Trotsky
2703:Du Bois
2693:Kautsky
2569:Western
2448:Titoism
2333:Aspects
2289:History
2209:Radical
2047:Capital
1747:Capital
1692:Marxism
1668:Trotsky
1615:'s and
1284:SĂĄnchez
1269:Sankara
1229:Mandela
1214:Kreisky
1204:Allende
1199:Senghor
1194:Douglas
1179:Durruti
1144:Trotsky
1036:Graeber
1016:Hampton
986:Chomsky
931:Marcuse
916:Gramsci
906:Bordiga
896:Polanyi
851:Russell
841:Berkman
831:Goldman
821:Du Bois
791:Kautsky
786:Bellamy
751:Tolstoy
726:Wallace
711:Bakunin
701:Greeley
691:Blanqui
671:Fourier
618:Zionist
608:Utopian
548:Popular
543:Owenism
523:Marxism
503:Liberal
488:Islamic
448:Ethical
443:Digital
418:Chinese
383:African
67:Outline
62:History
4226:
4199:
4168:
4135:
3726:Social
3711:Market
3513:Horvat
3468:Fisher
3463:Linera
3458:Lordon
3448:Kelley
3433:Marcos
3428:Ghandy
3418:Foster
3343:Fraser
3338:Wright
3328:Jessop
3323:Clarke
3308:Bishop
3298:Massey
3278:Mouffe
3228:Newton
3223:Spivak
3213:Rodney
3178:Berman
3133:Badiou
3113:Laclau
3108:Harvey
3103:Dussel
3063:Debord
3058:Tronti
3028:Heller
3013:Castro
3008:Berger
2993:Bauman
2983:Cabral
2968:Mandel
2963:Freire
2953:Hinton
2933:Draper
2913:Sweezy
2883:Sartre
2873:Adorno
2838:Brecht
2793:Galiev
2768:Korsch
2763:LukĂĄcs
2738:Stalin
2683:Morris
2678:Engels
2666:People
2443:Maoism
2364:Ethics
2204:Soviet
1922:Empire
1566:income
1279:Marcos
1274:ChĂĄvez
1264:Corbyn
1239:Manley
1234:DubÄek
1224:Nasser
1164:Makhno
1154:Attlee
1139:Martov
1124:Gandhi
1079:Babeuf
1069:Mazdak
1031:Hedges
1011:Ăcalan
996:Newton
956:Sartre
946:Guérin
941:Orwell
891:Korsch
886:LukĂĄcs
871:Keller
861:Rocker
806:Ferrer
761:Morris
756:Michel
731:Lavrov
721:Engels
706:Herzen
681:Leroux
613:Yellow
518:Market
493:Jewish
288:Models
4144:need.
3991:that.
3523:Saito
3518:Hamza
3383:ĆœiĆŸek
3368:TamĂĄs
3333:Davis
3293:Davis
3283:Geras
3248:Wolff
3233:Sakai
3188:Cohen
3163:Sison
3158:Vogel
3118:Bahro
3088:Negri
3078:Nairn
3003:Kosik
2998:Fanon
2938:Jones
2893:Hoxha
2868:James
2853:Fromm
2783:Serge
2758:Bloch
2713:Lenin
2534:Black
2159:Class
1654:to a
1465:Songs
1439:Lists
1244:Palme
1094:Bebel
1084:Blanc
1046:Saito
1021:ĆœiĆŸek
1001:Wolff
936:James
921:Sacco
911:Serge
881:Volin
826:Gorky
816:Wells
811:Dewey
796:Wilde
781:Sorel
766:Jones
676:Cabet
646:Paine
593:State
583:Sewer
483:Guild
261:needs
116:Ideas
4224:ISBN
4197:ISBN
4166:ISBN
4133:ISBN
3960:and
3483:Malm
3453:Dean
3423:West
3378:Cano
3358:Rose
3263:Kurz
3238:Wood
3203:Ture
3153:Löwy
3073:Hall
3068:Amin
3053:Mies
2923:Hill
2833:Dutt
2818:Basu
2673:Marx
2564:Post
2526:Both
2508:Open
1583:and
1259:Lula
1174:Nagy
1169:Tito
1134:Blum
1109:Debs
1089:Hong
1074:Roux
1026:West
981:Ward
966:Zinn
716:Marx
666:Owen
636:More
388:Arab
314:OGAS
3912:".
2858:Cox
2813:Mao
2559:Neo
1249:Che
1006:Ali
926:Day
686:Sue
4390::
4174:.
4160:.
4141:.
3931:.
3473:Li
2778:Ho
1686:on
1658:.
37:on
4309:.
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4266:.
4260:"
4232:.
4205:.
4004:"
3979:"
3908:"
3841:e
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3827:v
2053:)
2049:(
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1541:e
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1491:)
1487:(
259:/
20:)
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