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The optomotor response or OMR has been used as a test to investigate potential differential visual processing in
Anableps on normal versus ‘blinded’ fish (the eyes are actually covered—not physically blinded). It was found that the OMR does exist in Anableps and that the strength of this response is
343:
Four-eyed fish have only two eyes, but the eyes are specially adapted for their surface-dwelling lifestyle. In early development, the four-eyed fish’s frontal bone expands dorsally allowing the eyes to be positioned on top of their head and appear bulging. This allows the fish to simultaneously see
348:
and two corneas filtering light onto one lens, refracting onto separate hemiretinas and processed through one optic disc. The upper (dorsal) half of the eye is adapted for vision in air, the lower (ventral) half for vision in water. The lens of the eye also changes in thickness top to bottom to
687:
Oliveira, Francisco
Gilberto; Coimbra, João Paulo; Yamada, Elizabeth Sumi; Montag, Luciano Fogaça De Assis; Nascimento, Francyllena L.; Oliveira, Valéria A.; Mota, Diógenes Luís Da; Bittencourt, Alexandre Motta; Silva, Valdir Luna Da; Costa, Belmira Lara Da Silveira Andrade Da (November 2006).
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Perez, Louise N.; Lorena, Jamily; Costa, Carinne M.; Araujo, Maysa S.; Frota-Lima, Gabriela N.; Matos-Rodrigues, Gabriel E.; Martins, Rodrigo A. P.; Mattox, George M. T.; Schneider, Patricia N. (2017-04-12).
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they mate on one side only, right-"handed" males with left-"handed" females and vice versa. The male has specialized anal rays which are greatly elongated and fused into a tube called a
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of air versus water. The ventral hemiretina is characterized by thicker cell layers containing more sensory neurons and an increased visual acuity compared to the dorsal hemiretina.
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above and below the water as it floats at the surface. The eyes are divided into dorsal and ventral halves, separated by a pigmented strip of tissue. Each eye has two
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213:. They have eyes raised above the top of the head and divided in two different parts, so that they can see below and above the water surface at the same time.
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632:"Eye development in the four-eyed fish Anableps anableps : cranial and retinal adaptations to simultaneous aerial and aquatic vision"
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The four-eyed fish eye. 1.Underwater retina 2.Lens 3. Air pupil 4. Tissue band 5. Iris 6. Underwater pupil 7. Air retina 8. Optic nerve
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dependent on the visual field being tested—a stronger OMR was seen as a result of visual stimulation from the aerial environment.
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also is gregarious, but restricts its schools to about a dozen individuals; it is also recorded to be found alone or as couples.
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Four-eyed fish spend most of their time at the surface of the water. Their diet mostly consists of terrestrial
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224:, four-eyed fishes mate only on one side, right-"handed" males with left-"handed" females and vice versa.
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690:"Topographic analysis of the ganglion cell layer in the retina of the four-eyed fish Anableps anableps"
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is also known for the ability to survive out of water when exposed to air, especially during low tide.
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which are readily available at the surface, however they may consume other foods such as other
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Also can be found on the island of
Trinidad located to the east of Venezuela.
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472:"The Differential Optomotor Response of the Four-Eyed Fish Anableps Anableps"
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There are currently three recognized species in this genus:
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The maximum length of four-eyed fishes is up to 32 cm
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The fish will group differently depending on the species.
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Proceedings of the Royal
Society B: Biological Sciences
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Albensi, Benedict C; Powell, Joseph H (December 1998).
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370:associated with the sperm duct which he uses as an
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744:"Four Eyes and More, the Family Anablepidae"
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552:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
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239:. They originate in lowlands in southern
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806:Integrated Taxonomic Information System
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349:compensate for the difference in the
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1028:5A464486-E212-4326-9DB5-A27F8B0ACE60
992:D0509C7E-7382-5FA2-FD69-7CD06771BD78
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52:, Dégrad des Cannes, French Guiana
1061:Freshwater fish of Central America
25:
1066:Freshwater fish of South America
374:to deliver sperm to the female.
360:. Along with their sister genus
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532:. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
1:
1071:Marine fish of South America
235:and are only rarely coastal
528:Nelson, Joseph, S. (2006).
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220:Like their relatives, the
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58:Scientific classification
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772:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
601:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
570:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
418:commonly congregates in
316:Physical characteristics
293:(Pacific foureyed fish)
648:10.1098/rspb.2017.0157
584:. August 2012 version.
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325:
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279:(Largescale foureyes)
450:Brownsnout spookfish
411:, and small fishes.
222:onesided livebearers
786:. Mar 2007 version.
694:Visual Neuroscience
615:. Mar 2007 version.
605:Anableps microlepis
530:Fishes of the World
356:Four-eyed fish are
298:Anableps microlepis
227:These fish inhabit
642:(1852): 20170157.
572:"Species in genus
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372:intromittent organ
351:refractive indices
338:Cyprinodontiformes
326:
115:Cyprinodontiformes
1038:
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974:Open Tree of Life
826:Taxon identifiers
776:Anableps anableps
746:. WetWebMedia.com
482:(12): 1475–1483.
389:Anableps anableps
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265:Anableps anableps
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247:and northern
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161:Type species
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1051:Anablepidae
935:iNaturalist
858:Wikispecies
430:A. anableps
416:A. anableps
358:livebearers
211:Anablepidae
135:Anablepinae
131:Subfamily:
125:Anablepidae
50:A. anableps
1045:Categories
802:"Anableps"
750:2007-03-30
476:Perception
457:References
443:Rhinomugil
368:gonopodium
311:(Foureyes)
289:T. N. Gill
714:0952-5238
656:0962-8452
548:cite book
496:0301-0066
81:Kingdom:
75:Eukaryota
885:BioLib:
878:Anableps
864:Anableps
849:Q1976257
843:Wikidata
834:Anableps
783:FishBase
730:45475294
722:17266780
674:28381624
612:FishBase
581:FishBase
574:Anableps
512:22686854
504:10505191
436:See also
394:Trinidad
378:Behavior
363:Jenynsia
307:Troschel
271:Linnaeus
245:Honduras
202:Anableps
187:See text
146:Anableps
121:Family:
95:Chordata
91:Phylum:
85:Animalia
71:Domain:
18:Anableps
1023:ZooBank
1002:4067791
927:2350677
665:5394668
420:schools
409:diatoms
401:insects
255:Species
179:Species
152:Scopoli
141:Genus:
111:Order:
101:Class:
1015:268300
999:uBio:
979:363089
966:143028
953:165865
901:497977
811:6 June
728:
720:
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510:
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494:
346:pupils
309:, 1844
305:&
291:, 1861
241:Mexico
237:marine
207:fishes
154:, 1777
1010:WoRMS
987:Plazi
940:86429
914:62C82
888:44436
726:S2CID
508:S2CID
229:fresh
205:, of
961:NCBI
948:ITIS
922:GBIF
896:BOLD
813:2006
718:PMID
710:ISSN
670:PMID
652:ISSN
554:link
534:ISBN
500:PMID
492:ISSN
275:1758
231:and
195:The
909:CoL
873:ADW
702:doi
660:PMC
644:doi
640:284
484:doi
392:),
332:in
243:to
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578:.
550:}}
546:{{
520:^
506:.
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480:27
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422:.
407:,
340:.
330:TL
273:,
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