80:
696:
68:
319:
294:
687:. For their part, the leaders of the CNT made every effort to prevent the executions of anarchists, but eventually accepted the dissolution of the "Council of Aragon" as a matter of fact. Subsequently, when crop yields began to fail, some of the broken-up collectives were restored, without making them what they were during the CNT administration. Meanwhile, many anarchists were interned in prisons or concentration camps under republican control until the end of the war.
509:, Cristóbal Alvaldetrecu and Julián Merino. The call for this important meeting was made by Francisco Carreño, Pablo Ruiz and Julián Merino. The Plenary debated the proposed collaboration with the republican governing bodies, resolving to create, in the margin of the republican governments, Regional Defense Councils linked in a federated way to a National Defense Council, following the directives proposed on September 15, 1936 in
592:
figures. On the other hand, in the documentary Living the Utopia, testimonies and data are collected that would confirm that in many communities production increased. Although many of the collectives had been a success as social communities, for the communists their contribution to the war left much to be desired. The republican government had already tried to establish a coordinated action in this regard, given the needs of the
679:, thus took supreme authority over republican Aragon. The peasants who had managed to stay out of the collectives retook many of them by force, privatizing and redistributing all the food and equipment they had. The offices of the CNT Regional Committee were occupied and their files and records were confiscated by the Republican authorities. Meanwhile, communist military units occupied various collectives of the
426:
1150:
458:. The arrival of the militia columns from Catalonia was fundamental when it came to defending the victories achieved, given that the workers' militias had seized power and were implanting a social revolution that did not destroy the Republican State but did occupy the power vacuum that the military rebellion had caused. The Madrid government of the
95:
591:
It is complicated to estimate figures on the economic management of anarchist communities, since most of the reports are biased according to ideological interests and sympathies. Conservative historian Hugh Thomas argues that coal production in the
Utrillas mines only reached one tenth of the pre-war
469:
After the military coup, in
October 1936, a dividing line was established from north to south of Aragon that marked the "Aragon Front"; the western side was occupied by the fascists and the eastern side by Republicans and anarchists. In the areas that theoretically remained under the jurisdiction of
568:
were represented in the administration of the
Council. From January 1937, the revolutionary character of the Council would be progressively diminished under pressure from the members of the government coalition, whose presence and number gradually increased. For example, in January,
663:
by surprise, to avoid a reaction. The Local CNT Federation of Trade Unions was attacked, and Líster's troops destroyed some of the town as they invaded. Tanks and artillery were concentrated at the exit of the city. There were some clashes and there were casualties.
513:
by the
National Plenary of the CNT. The Plenary agreed to the creation of the Regional Defense Council of Aragon. This included approximately 450 rural communities, almost all of which were run by the CNT, with just 20 run by the
564:, was elected President of the Council. Although it was not definitively legalized and regulated by the republican government until December 23, 1936, on the condition that other members of the
470:
the
Republic, those who really had the power were the militias that protected the revolutionary committees, almost all of them made up of anarchists who worked outside the Republican State.
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413:
from
December 1936 until its dissolution. Its life was ephemeral since its activities lasted less than a year until it was dissolved by the republican authorities, pressured by the
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1215:
556:
Despite its revolutionary origin it was initially recognized on
October 6 by government decree. It held its first official assembly on October 15 of the same year, where
485:. In addition to the 174 representatives from the CNT unions of 139 Aragonese towns, the National Committee of the CNT and different confederal columns (Durruti Column,
79:
668:
and the anarchist members of the CRDA were arrested on several charges (among others, Jewelry
Smuggling). Another 700 anarchists were arrested in the rest of Aragon.
612:
The independence with which the
Regional Council acted had always been an irritant for the republican authorities. Thus, after having re-established its control over
576:
Ascaso received the official appointment of a government delegate on
January 19, 1937. In mid-February 1937 a congress, attended by 500 delegates representing 80,000
1235:
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Extraordinary Plenary of Trade Unions and Columns of the Regional Committee of Aragon, Rioja and Navarra of the National Confederation of Labor (CNT)
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tradition of the Aragonese peasantry and the influence that the CNT enjoyed in this territory. The revolutionary situation that developed in
375:
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as Governor General to manage the republican territory in the three Aragonese provinces. Mantecón, a former member of the Council and a
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and from there formed the main power of revolutionary Aragon. Their leaders soon declared that rural Aragon had become a "Spanish
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548:. The Regional Defence Council of Aragon was one of the most prominent and powerful anarchist councils.
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According to the CRDA bulletin nº 12, from 21 December 1936, the council composition was as follows:
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schools (that had been organized by anarcho-syndicalist commissions) returned to government control.
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Territory controlled and administered by the CRDA (in red) within Republican Spain (in pink)
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The dissolution was carried out through a military intervention that occupied the town of
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After the dissolution of the Council and the arrest of Ascaso, the Government appointed
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The origins of the Regional Defence Council of Aragon are, for the most part, in the
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518:. This situation was not much to the liking of the republican authorities and the
386:. Until its dissolution, the CRDA controlled and administered the eastern half of
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Boletín del Consejo Regional de Defensa de Aragón y Boletín Oficial de Aragón.
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sectors, was determined to disband this Aragonese entity. Finally on 4 August
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Gaceta de la República: Diario Oficial núm. 223, (11 de agosto de 1937)
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401:. It was established in its first stage (October to December 1936) by
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Cover of a Regional Defence Council of Aragon bulletin, 24 June 1937.
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Cover of a Regional Defence Council of Aragon bulletin, 1 July 1937.
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Territory administered by the Regional Defence Council of Aragon (
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533:" and that they would not allow themselves to be overwhelmed by
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The Council of Aragon was the first autonomous government of
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A Study of the Revolution in Spain. Chapter 4 – October 1936
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members of the CNT, with eventual representation of all the
238:• Dissolved by the Second Spanish Republic government
228:• Legalized by the Second Spanish Republic government
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since 1707, becoming a government of its own within the
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La sentencia que nunca vió la luz. Versus “La Rosaleda”
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happened prior to the arrival of militia columns from
596:. At the beginning of the summer of 1937, after the
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1082:Republican Gazette, issue 77 (18 March 1937)
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27:Governing body in Aragon, Spain, 1936–1937
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1114:: Alejandro R. Díez Torre. p. 63.
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1236:Organisations of the Spanish Civil War
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1155:Regional Council of Defense of Aragon
1062:Historia de la Guerra Civil Española.
1019:Historia de la Guerra Civil Española.
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477:was held at the headquarters of the
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699:Reproduction of the shield of the
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376:Confederación Nacional del Trabajo
352:Regional Defence Council of Aragon
33:Regional Defence Council of Aragon
25:
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1064:Barcelona: Círculo de Lectores.
1021:Barcelona: Círculo de Lectores.
1000:Barcelona: Círculo de Lectores.
491:Los Aguiluchos Column of the FAI
466:had little influence in Aragon.
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756:Information & Propaganda
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378:(CNT) in the context of the
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701:Regional Defence Council
473:On October 6, 1936, the
415:Communist Party of Spain
814:Economy & Supplies
638:Spanish Republican Army
460:Second Spanish Republic
399:Second Spanish Republic
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300:Second Spanish Republic
52:Second Spanish Republic
1266:Revolutionary communes
788:Miguel Chueca Cuartero
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1060:Hugh Thomas, (1976).
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831:José Ignacio Mantecón
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673:José Ignacio Mantecón
640:to intervene and the
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111:(until December 1936)
1157:at Wikimedia Commons
903:Custodio Peñarrocha
803:Luis Montoliu Salado
499:Buenaventura Durruti
487:Red and Black Column
438:Origins and creation
164:(Honour and Justice)
116:(from December 1936)
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495:Carod-Ferrer Column
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218:• Established
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618:Spanish Republican
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464:Catalan government
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380:Spanish Revolution
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571:Primary education
552:An ephemeral life
542:Russian anarchism
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1125:. Retrieved
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888:José Duque
691:Composition
681:Ebro valley
608:Disbandment
602:carabineros
520:Generalitat
277:Preceded by
1210:Categories
932:References
726:President
622:republican
538:militarism
134:Government
1127:7 October
644:, led by
630:communist
626:socialist
614:Catalonia
483:Bujaraloz
452:Catalonia
403:anarchist
368:Aragonese
170:President
128:Aragonese
58:1936–1937
1112:Zaragoza
1029:. p. 602
1008:. p. 464
857:Culture
844:Finance
827:Justice
598:May Days
462:and the
456:Valencia
1180:41°14′N
604:began.
535:Marxist
531:Ukraine
421:History
356:Spanish
248:•
123:Demonym
104:Capital
50:of the
1183:0°02′W
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1025:
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784:Labor
650:Aragon
616:, the
511:Madrid
493:, and
448:Aragon
431:in red
395:Aragon
388:Aragon
174:
661:Caspe
580:from
527:Caspe
338:Spain
156:Motto
114:Caspe
109:Fraga
1129:2013
1116:ISBN
1066:ISBN
1023:ISBN
1002:ISBN
906:PCE
878:UGT
820:CNT
807:CNT
792:CNT
777:CNT
764:CNT
749:CNT
683:and
628:and
546:1921
454:and
364:CRDA
350:The
73:Flag
947:by
892:PCE
864:UGT
850:IR
735:CNT
544:in
516:UGT
481:in
366:),
1212::
1110:.
1045:^
989:^
955:^
922:PS
836:IR
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