579:
84:
22:
155:
128:
108:, came to Waugh to announce that what had been labeled as "Peak XV" was the highest point in the region and most likely in the world. Sikdar and Waugh checked their calculations again and again in order to make no mistake in them and then sent a message to Royal Geographical Society from their headquarters in Dehradun, where they found that Kangchenjunga is not the highest peak of the world.
74:
before reaching India in May 1829. He assisted
Captain Hutchinson in establishing a foundry at Kashipur and became an adjutant of the Bengal sappers and miners on 13 April 1831. In 1832 he was posted to the Great Trigonometrical Survey under George Everest. Waugh surveyed many parts of central India
111:
To ensure that there was no error, Waugh took his time and did not publish this result until 1856, when he also proposed that the peak be named Mount
Everest in honor of his predecessor. Waugh initially proposed "Mont Everest" but amended it. Everest had always used local names for the features he
95:
In 1843, Everest retired and recommended that Waugh was the best replacement for the position of
Surveyor General. Waugh surveyed the Himalayan region. The survey covered nearly 1690 miles from Sonakoda to Dehra Dun. The great height of this area, however, combined with its unpredictable weather,
135:
The height of Mount
Everest was calculated to be exactly 29,000 ft (8,839.2 m) high, but was publicly declared to be 29,002 ft (8,839.8 m) in order to avoid the impression that an exact height of 29,000 feet (8,839.2 m) was nothing more than a rounded estimate. Waugh is
201:
His first wife, Josephine, daughter of Dr. William Graham of
Edinburgh, died 22 February 1866, aged 42. His second wife was Cecilia Eliza Adelaide, daughter of Lieutenant-general Thomas Whitehead died on 9 February 1884.
112:
surveyed, and Waugh had continued the practice. In the case of Peak XV, Waugh argued that with many local names for the mountain, it was impossible for him to identify the name that was most commonly used.
143:
Waugh noticed errors in the triangulation that appeared to be due to the attraction of the plumbline to the
Himalayan mountains and approached the clergyman mathematician Archdeacon
268:
75:
before moving to the headquarters in Dehra Dun. Everest noted that Waugh and Renny were the best in mathematical skills and in the handling of instruments.
54:
and succeeded him in 1843. Waugh established a gridiron system of traverses for covering northern India. Waugh is credited with naming the peak of
623:
613:
608:
70:
in 1827 and was commissioned with the Bengal
Engineers on 13 December of the same year. He trained at Chatham where he studied under Sir
66:
Waugh was the first son of
General Gilbert Waugh who served as military auditor-general in Madras. After studying at Edinburgh he joined
618:
633:
628:
540:
236:
162:
Plaudits followed soon after Waugh's identification of Mount
Everest. In 1857, the Royal Geographical Society awarded him its
171:
67:
47:
120:
had identified as
Gaurisankar. Though Everest himself objected, the name "Mount Everest" was officially adopted by the
167:
643:
121:
83:
43:
270:
Reminiscences and anecdotes of great men of India: both official and non-official for the last one hundred years
170:. Three years later, in 1861, he attained the rank of Major General and was replaced as Surveyor General by
638:
339:
113:
39:
343:
317:
117:
104:
involved. According to accounts of the time, it was 1852 when the team's leader of the human computers,
26:
603:
598:
564:
448:
Bellhouse, David (1982). "Letters to the Editor, The problem of numeracy: Mount Everest shrinks".
465:
421:
382:
116:
argued that the native name for it was Deodanga. Another suggestion was that the peak was what
21:
536:
190:
163:
88:
583:
507:
457:
413:
374:
241:
144:
105:
230:
Vetch, R. H. (revised by Elizabeth Baigent) (2004). "Waugh, Sir Andrew Scott (1810-1878)".
100:, it then took many months for a team of humans to calculate, analyze and extrapolate the
498:
Subbarayappa, B. V. (1996). "Modern science in India: A legacy of British imperialism?".
154:
71:
51:
127:
592:
55:
32:
294:
461:
101:
253:
485:
The Pendulum Paradigm: Variations on a Theme and the Measure of Heaven and Earth
96:
meant that few useful sightings were obtained before 1847. In an era before the
245:
533:
The Great Arc: The Dramatic Tale of How India was Mapped and Everest was Named
511:
406:
Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography
528:
148:
147:
with the problem. Pratt studied the problem and came up with the idea of
97:
560:
425:
386:
469:
181:
in 1861 while his survey results were published in numerous reports.
417:
401:
378:
153:
131:
Waugh's map to show Hodgson's incorrect identification of Deodanga
126:
82:
20:
365:
Waugh, Andrew Scott (1858). "Mounts Everest and Deodanga".
283:
See report in 'The Illustrated London News', 15 August 1857
38:(3 February 1810 – 21 February 1878) was a British
318:"[Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal]"
138:
the first person to put two feet on top of Mount Everest
551:
Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society of London
367:
Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society of London
549:"Papers relating to the Himalaya and Mount Everest",
16:British Army officer and Surveyor General of India
193:in west London, midway along the eastern wall.
8:
535:, HarperCollins Publishers: New York, 2000 (
240:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
553:, no.IX pp. 345–351, April–May 1857.
557:Instructions for Topographical Surveying
348:Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal
322:Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal
179:Instructions for Topographical Surveying
237:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
232:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
211:
136:therefore wittily credited with being "
225:
223:
221:
219:
217:
215:
166:and the following year he was made a
7:
580:Works by or about Andrew Scott Waugh
487:. Universal-Publishers. p. 267.
189:Waugh died in 1878 and is buried in
295:"The man who 'discovered' Everest"
293:Biswas, Soutik (20 October 2003).
14:
563:: Thomason College Press, 1861 (
462:10.1080/00031305.1982.10482782
438:Notice appended to Waugh 1857.
344:"Native name of Mount Everest"
267:Ram Gopal Sanyal, ed. (1894).
87:Andrew Scott Waugh's grave in
1:
402:"A Last Note on Mont Everest"
624:Burials at Brompton Cemetery
614:Fellows of the Royal Society
254:UK public library membership
177:Waugh published a manual of
68:Addiscombe Military Seminary
48:Great Trigonometrical Survey
609:British Army major generals
168:Fellow of the Royal Society
660:
619:Surveyors General of India
122:Royal Geographical Society
634:Bengal Engineers officers
512:10.1080/10848779608579384
450:The American Statistician
316:Thuillier, Major (1856).
44:Surveyor General of India
629:Royal Engineers officers
483:Beech, Martin (2014).
400:Walker, J. T. (1886).
246:10.1093/ref:odnb/28900
159:
132:
92:
36:Sir Andrew Scott Waugh
29:
157:
130:
124:several years later.
118:Hermann Schlagintweit
86:
27:George Duncan Beechey
24:
546:Andrew Scott Waugh:
500:The European Legacy
98:electronic computer
160:
133:
93:
52:Sir George Everest
50:. He served under
46:who worked in the
30:
644:British surveyors
252:(Subscription or
191:Brompton Cemetery
158:Waugh around 1861
89:Brompton Cemetery
25:1852 painting by
651:
584:Internet Archive
567:ctrl# 05033399).
516:
515:
495:
489:
488:
480:
474:
473:
445:
439:
436:
430:
429:
397:
391:
390:
362:
356:
355:
336:
330:
329:
313:
307:
306:
304:
302:
290:
284:
281:
275:
274:
264:
258:
257:
249:
227:
145:John Henry Pratt
106:Radhanath Sikdar
79:Surveyor General
659:
658:
654:
653:
652:
650:
649:
648:
589:
588:
576:
525:
520:
519:
497:
496:
492:
482:
481:
477:
447:
446:
442:
437:
433:
418:10.2307/1801364
399:
398:
394:
379:10.2307/1799335
364:
363:
359:
338:
337:
333:
315:
314:
310:
300:
298:
292:
291:
287:
282:
278:
266:
265:
261:
251:
229:
228:
213:
208:
199:
187:
172:Henry Thuillier
81:
64:
17:
12:
11:
5:
657:
655:
647:
646:
641:
636:
631:
626:
621:
616:
611:
606:
601:
591:
590:
587:
586:
575:
574:External links
572:
571:
570:
569:
568:
554:
544:
524:
521:
518:
517:
490:
475:
440:
431:
412:(4): 257–263.
392:
373:(2): 102–115.
357:
331:
308:
285:
276:
259:
210:
209:
207:
204:
198:
195:
186:
183:
164:Patron's Medal
91:, west London.
80:
77:
72:Charles Pasley
63:
60:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
656:
645:
642:
640:
639:Mount Everest
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
600:
597:
596:
594:
585:
581:
578:
577:
573:
566:
562:
558:
555:
552:
548:
547:
545:
542:
541:0-00-257062-9
538:
534:
530:
527:
526:
522:
513:
509:
505:
501:
494:
491:
486:
479:
476:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
444:
441:
435:
432:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
396:
393:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
361:
358:
353:
349:
345:
341:
340:Hodgson, B.H.
335:
332:
328:(5): 437–439.
327:
323:
319:
312:
309:
296:
289:
286:
280:
277:
273:. p. 25.
272:
271:
263:
260:
255:
247:
243:
239:
238:
233:
226:
224:
222:
220:
218:
216:
212:
205:
203:
197:Personal life
196:
194:
192:
184:
182:
180:
175:
173:
169:
165:
156:
152:
150:
146:
141:
139:
129:
125:
123:
119:
115:
109:
107:
103:
99:
90:
85:
78:
76:
73:
69:
61:
59:
57:
56:Mount Everest
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
34:
33:Major General
28:
23:
19:
556:
550:
532:
523:Bibliography
503:
499:
493:
484:
478:
456:(1): 64–67.
453:
449:
443:
434:
409:
405:
395:
370:
366:
360:
351:
347:
334:
325:
321:
311:
299:. Retrieved
288:
279:
269:
262:
235:
231:
200:
188:
178:
176:
161:
142:
137:
134:
110:
102:trigonometry
94:
65:
40:army officer
35:
31:
18:
604:1878 deaths
599:1810 births
506:: 132–136.
593:Categories
354:: 467–470.
297:. BBC News
256:required.)
185:Later life
62:Early life
529:John Keay
206:Footnotes
342:(1856).
301:9 August
149:isostasy
582:at the
561:Roorkee
426:1801364
387:1799335
114:Hodgson
539:
470:684102
468:
424:
385:
250:
466:JSTOR
422:JSTOR
383:JSTOR
537:ISBN
303:2016
42:and
565:LoC
508:doi
458:doi
414:doi
375:doi
242:doi
140:".
595::
559:,
543:).
531:,
502:.
464:.
454:36
452:.
420:.
408:.
404:.
381:.
369:.
352:25
350:.
346:.
326:25
324:.
320:.
234:.
214:^
174:.
151:.
58:.
514:.
510::
504:1
472:.
460::
428:.
416::
410:8
389:.
377::
371:2
305:.
248:.
244::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
