232:. Deprived of the rich areas in northern Egypt, Ankhwennefer's force was gradually weakened. The Kingdom of Kush also continued its pressure from the south. The Ptolemaic army advanced southward, retaking Sauty province after heavy fighting, and capturing Thebes in 191. Ankhwennefer retreated to the border of Kush, and managed to enlist Nubian troops for his cause. Historian Alan B. Lloyd argued that these Nubians were possibly interested in protecting the
189:, Ankhwennefer "daringly" marched his remaining forces into the north, where he plundered and devastated as much as possible to disrupt the Ptolemaic supply lines. The rebel pharaoh was probably aided by the outbreak of new anti-Ptolemaic rebellions in the
243:
Ankhwennefer was imprisoned, but might have been spared by
Ptolemy V after Egyptian priests intervened on his behalf. Many southern rebels were granted amnesties. In the following months, the Ptolemaic army wiped out the remaining rebels in the Delta.
173:
hints at
Ankhwennefer being Horwennefer's son. In any case, Ankhwennefer encountered a difficult situation at the start of his reign. Horwennefer had died and the rebels lost their capital of
209:; this allowed Ankhwennefer to re-strengthen his regime. The rebels' northward offensive succeeded in forcing the Ptolemaic garrison to retreat from Thebes to its southernmost strongholds.
169:
in Upper Egypt between 201 and 199; the exact date remains unclear. His background is also unknown, but he might have been a relative of
Horwennefer. An inscription at
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228:) in the Delta; this city may or may not have been held by rebels loyal to Ankhwennefer. Afterwards, Ptolemy V was officially crowned Pharaoh in
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186 BC, when
Ankhwennefer's Egyptian-Nubian army was decisively defeated. Ankhwennefer's son was killed in the fighting, but he was captured.
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from the south. The latter were exploiting the chaos in Egypt to expand their realm along the Nile, particularly in the area known as
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544:, Lecture held at the Center for the Tebtunis Papyri, University of California at Berkeley, on March 16, 2004.
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Overall, little is known about the details of his reign as most of the records thereof were destroyed.
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216:, Ankhwennefer remained beset not just by Ptolemaic loyalists, but also by an invasion by the
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561:
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224:. In 197 or 196 BC, the Ptolemies launched a counter-offensive and retook Lykopolis (modern
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The Rise and Fall of
Ancient Egypt. The History of a Civilisation from 3000 BC to Cleopatra
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temples at Thebes. His last stronghold might have been Syene. The war continued until
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476:. Oxford, New York City: Oxford University Press. pp. 388–413.
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either shortly before or after
Ankhwennefer's accession. The
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The Jews of Egypt: From
Rameses II to Emperor Hadrian
157:. His rule lasted from approximately 200 to 186 BC.
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540:Willy Clarysse (Katholieke Universiteit Leuven),
181:garrisoned not just Thebes, but even the town of
450:The Seleucid Empire of Antiochus III. 223–187 BC
185:further to the south. According to Egyptologist
453:(Paperback ed.). Barnsley: Pen and Sword.
536:, Princeton University Press 1997, p. 150
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500:(Paperback ed.). London: Bloomsbury.
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165:Ankhwennefer succeeded Horwennefer as
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526:, Greenwood Press, 2004, p. 224
474:The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt
470:"The Ptolemaic Period (332–30 BC)"
302:, Routledge, 2000, pp. 155ff.
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608:People from the Ptolemaic Kingdom
542:The Great Revolt of the Egyptians
300:History of the Ptolemaic Empire
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212:Despite having regained the
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524:Daily life of the Nubians
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468:Lloyd, Alan B. (2003) .
588:2nd-century BC pharaohs
522:Robert Steven Bianchi,
138:, was the successor of
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472:. In Shaw, Ian (ed.).
593:Non-dynastic pharaohs
562:Secessionist pharaohs
146:during the reigns of
432:, pp. 484–485.
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569:Succeeded by
507:978-1-4088-1002-6
483:978-0-19-280458-7
460:978-1-52677-493-4
199:Ptolemaic Kingdom
134:), also known as
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187:Toby Wilkinson
179:Ptolemaic army
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131:Khaónnōphris
107:Ankhwennefer
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87:Horwennefer?
24:Chaonnophris
19:Ankhwennefer
566:199-185 BC
555:Horwennefer
440:Works cited
144:Upper Egypt
140:Horwennefer
115:ꜥnḫ-wnn-nfr
63:Horwennefer
59:Predecessor
39:Upper Egypt
582:Categories
418:Lloyd 2003
263:References
191:Nile Delta
127:Χαόννωφρις
54:200–186 BC
494:(2011) .
148:Ptolemies
136:Ankhmakis
119:Onnophris
37:Ruler of
251:See also
201:and the
193:and the
230:Memphis
214:Thebaid
167:pharaoh
121:live";
30:Pharaoh
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480:
457:
175:Thebes
171:Philae
84:Father
226:Asyut
183:Syene
161:Reign
117:"May
47:Reign
502:ISBN
478:ISBN
455:ISBN
234:Amun
153:and
92:Died
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532:,
410:^
391:^
352:^
307:^
271:^
238:c.
151:IV
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113::
96:c.
52:c.
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510:.
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155:V
109:(
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