380:. When it comes to new residents, they are typically not used to living with a large population of their kind and can be easily overwhelmed or agitated. Because of this, they can be held for a certain amount of time before being admitted to the general public. In this time, veterinarians study the new animal's behavioral and dietary habits and try for a smooth transition into the sanctuary's environment. Also, some species of animals, dogs for example, are social creatures. In isolation they get lonely and become depressed. Animal sanctuaries often accommodate these types of animals by putting them in living quarters where they're in groups or pairs that they fit well with. Enrichment activities are also available for the residents.
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92:, co-founder of VINE Sanctuary defines an animal sanctuary as "a safe-enough place or relationship within the continuing hazards that menace everybody". In addition, sanctuaries are an experimental staging ground for transformative human–animal relations. There are five types of animal sanctuaries reflective of the species-belonging of the residents: 1) companion animal sanctuaries; 2) wildlife sanctuaries; 3) exotic animal sanctuaries; 4) farmed animal sanctuaries; and 5) cetacean sanctuaries.
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209:, states, "expending too many resources on direct rescue results in less money directed toward education and a lower overall impact in helping animals, and all advocates should give consideration to this concern when deciding how best to help animals". FAS has, in some ways, evolved to more actions such as re-homing to increase sanctuary capacity and rescuing farmed animals in criminal or domestic cases.
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200:, the first official farm sanctuary that opened in 1986. The daily tasks of a FAS involve the primary guardians, volunteers and at time visitors. Each day is structured by routines such as feeding, care and health procedures, as well as cleaning and maintenance. Points of conflict for sanctuaries include human intervention in matters of sterilizing animals and species segregation. Moreover,
312:, cetaceans who have lived in marine parks for most or all of their lives are potentially poor candidates for reintroduction and, therefore, sanctuaries are an alternative to living on display or in entertainment facilities. Sanctuary site selection, as far as size, water quality, protection from hazards and weather events, and more, introduce unique considerations for finding a location.
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is the Best
Friends Animal Sanctuary near Kanab, Utah. This sanctuary spans across nearly 4,000 acres and is home to approximately 1,600 animals. According to the sanctuary, "Best Friends has become the heart of a collaborative no-kill movement, and a model for the future of animal welfare," and the sanctuary hopes to "bring the entire nation to no-kill in 2025."
336:, is seeking a Caribbean location to create a warm water seaside dolphin sanctuary to become the permanent home for the dolphins currently at their facility. And the Archipelagos Institute of Marine Conservation is planning to create the Aegean Marine Life Sanctuary for previously captive dolphins on the island of Lipsi, south of Samos in the eastern
99:, sanctuaries do not seek to place animals with individuals or groups, instead maintaining each animal until their natural death (either from disease or from other animals in the sanctuary). However, they can offer rehoming services, which can include veterinarians' help. In some cases, an establishment may have characteristics of both a
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increasing, as globally marine parks and aquariums move away from whales and dolphins in their facilities. A primary criticism of commercial facilities is that animals are expected to perform unnatural behaviors for audiences in spaces that are small and cannot adequately approximate a natural setting.
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Like other animal sanctuaries, cetacean sanctuaries adhere to a set of principles that put the animals first above the needs of the public, researchers, donors or other stakeholders. In cetacean sanctuaries, each animal's physical and mental well-being is the priority and the mission is to provide an
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While there are many ways to donate and support animal sanctuaries throughout the United States, many sanctuaries have began bringing awareness to their causes on social media with ranging, but largely significant success. Many have brought in tens or hundreds of thousands of followers. Social media
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There are currently over 1500 wildlife sanctuaries in the United States, ranging from elephant rehabilitation (The
Elephant Sanctuary, Tennessee) to those caring for farm animals saved from slaughterhouses (Farm Animal Refuge, San Diego, California). The largest animal sanctuary in the United States
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What distinguishes a sanctuary from other institutions is the philosophy that the residents come first. In a sanctuary, every action is scrutinized for any trace of human benefit at the expense of non-human residents. Sanctuaries act on behalf of the animals, and the caregivers work under the notion
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and a shelter; for instance, some animals may be in residence temporarily until a good home is found and others may be permanent residents. The mission of sanctuaries is generally to be safe havens, where the animals receive the best care that the sanctuaries can provide. Animals are not bought,
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The need for cetacean sanctuaries is quickly emerging due to shifting regulations and changes in public attitudes toward cetaceans in captivity. With an estimated 3,600 cetaceans in captivity globally, the need for spacious natural ocean environments that provide feeding and care is
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Refuge- and advocacy-based models are the most standard. These sanctuaries are found in traditional agricultural communities in part because of the physical and legal infrastructure. Six characteristics of this model include: duty of care, support for species-typical flourishing, recognition of
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Expanding beyond the traditional role of a safe haven for farmed animals, sanctuaries can also be understood as playing political roles in transforming the political and spatial lives of animal residents and their broader species communities leaning into pioneering a less-speciesist future.
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Successful rehoming requires a coordinated and cooperative approach, and it is important that research establishments, rehoming organisations, animal welfare organisations and veterinarians work together to achieve an appropriate outcome for animals at the end of their use in
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have critiqued the efficiency of FAS's ability to reduce animal suffering as demonstrated in the "arithmetic of compassion", a utilitarian measure of advocacy that applies mathematical formulas to reduce the most suffering in light of individual lives. Jon
Bockman of
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The educational role is a secondary role of FAS. Investing in transforming visitors' and volunteers' perspectives on animal agriculture is a key component of FAS, enlisting farmed animal residents as "ambassadors" of their species to serve a fundraiser role.
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An example of the intentional sanctuary model can be found in the
Microsanctuary Movement started by Rosemary and Justin Van Kleeck. The Microsanctuary Movement encourages city-dwellers to rescue farmed animals to expand what species are considered to be
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The first cetacean sanctuary for belugas opened in August 2020 by SEA LIFE Trust, as two belugas "Little Grey" and "Little White" were transported 6,000 miles from an aquarium in China to the first open-water whale sanctuary for belugas in
124:; that is, allowing unescorted public access to the facility. A legitimate sanctuary avoids activity that would place the animals in an unduly stressful situation. Most sanctuaries are also not government-funded and are usually
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One of the most important missions of sanctuaries, beyond caring for the animals, is educating the public. The ultimate goal of many sanctuaries is to change the way that humans think of, and treat, non-human animals.
108:. Additionally, no parts of nor secretions from the animals are commodified, such as eggs, wool, or milk. The resident animals are given the opportunity to behave as natural as possible in a protective environment.
262:, citizenship, dependent agency, and scaffolded choices and reconfigured spaces. These characteristics redress some of the critiques of the refuge and advocacy model by grounding sanctuary practices in animal
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individuality, non-exploitation, non-perpetuation, and awareness and advocacy. The latter characteristic has launched a series of questions into the effectiveness of the educational component of sanctuaries.
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and expanding the geographical boundaries of where animals can live. Expanding the geographies in which farmed animals are found serve as a corrective to forming human-farmed animal friendships.
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has become an opportunity for sanctuaries to raise awareness of the abuse and cruelty that is present in many animal-based industries and educate the general population on how they can help.
128:. Public help is accepted by sanctuaries in the form of volunteering, monetary contributions, donations of food and materials, spreading the word, and in some cases, adoption.
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into a FAS advocating for: 1) Animal Rescue, Refuge, and
Advocacy, 2) Compassion and Nonviolence, 3) Ecological and Food Justice and Compassionate Interspecies Community.
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have outlined two different types of FAS models. FAS can be distinguished by ascribing to either refuge and advocacy model or intentional community model.
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sanctuaries are designed for autonomy and well-being, enabling as natural a life as possible in ocean water. Lifetime of care is provided for these
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The intentional community model addresses the shortcomings of the standard sanctuary model by focusing on movement building that includes a spectrum of
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Similarly, Darren Chang, co-founder of the
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interests. The six characteristics of the intentional community model include: belonging, absence of fixed hierarchical relationships,
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and plans to welcome their first residents in late 2023, assuming the project gets the required federal and provincial permits. The
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issues such as developing farmed animal veterinary care that exist outside of standard practices that have aimed at meeting
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Donaldson, Sue; Kymlicka, Will. "Farmed Animal
Sanctuaries: The Heart of the Movement? A Socio-Political Perspective".
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Scotton, Guy. "Duties to
Socialise with Domesticated Animals: Farmed Animal Sanctuaries as Frontiers of Friendship".
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878:"The Blackfish Effect: Corporate and Policy Change in the Face of Shifting Public Opinion on Captive Cetaceans"
376:. Other positions that can be held by people at sanctuaries include specialized animal trainers, groomers, and
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https://www.animalethics.org.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/1275251/Research-Animal-Rehoming-Guidelines.pdf
324:. The Whale Sanctuary Project is creating a coastal sanctuary for beluga whales and orcas in Port Hilford,
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There are two primary organizations that provide accreditation and support for animal sanctuaries: the
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Farmed animal sanctuaries (FAS) provide care, shelter and advocacy of farmed animal species such as
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PBS NewsHour | Dolphins moving from concrete tanks to seaside sanctuary | Season 2016 | PBS
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Facility where animals are brought to live and to be protected for the rest of their lives
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Saving
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On the basis of the types of animals being cared for, sanctuaries are of five types:
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that all animals in the sanctuary, human and non-human, are of equal importance.
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Most sanctuaries are not open to the public in the sense of a
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714:"The Value of Sanctuaries, and How to Maximize Their Impact"
546:(in Spanish). Barcelona: Fundación Altarriba. p. 111.
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Jaulas Vacías. El Desafío de los Derechos de los Animales
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Pachitat, Timothy. "Sanctuary". In Gruen, Lori (ed.).
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environment where the cetacean residents can thrive.
599:. The University of Chicago Press. pp. 335–355.
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1099:"World's First Dolphin Sanctuary Founded in Greece"
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Plant-Based Diets for Succulence and Sustainability
876:Parsons, E. C. M.; Rose, Naomi A. (2018-08-16).
756:"Shifting perceptions through farm sanctuaries"
754:Baur, Gene; Kevany, Kathleen May (2019-08-15).
624:"How To Find A Real Sanctuary - Horizon Guides"
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368:Animal sanctuary services include spaying and
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1280:Sanctuaire pour Animaux de Ferme de l'Estrie
648:"Donate or Sponsor an Animal | Home for Life"
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1226:Best Friends Animal Society - Save Them All
1198:"10 amazing animal sanctuaries in the U.S."
435:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
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481:Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
999:""Are dolphins too smart for captivity?""
455:Learn how and when to remove this message
1258:Global Federation of Animal Sanctuaries
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477:United States Department of Agriculture
469:Global Federation of Animal Sanctuaries
384:Animal Sanctuaries in the United States
104:sold, or traded, nor are they used for
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925:"The Hard Sell of Whale Sanctuaries"
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1097:Kokkinidis, Tasos (2022-04-16).
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845:"Microsanctuary Resource Center"
483:(APHIS) for compliance with the
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1274:Microsanctuary Resource Center
1248:American Sanctuary Association
997:Grimm, David (April 19, 2011).
882:Tourism in Marine Environments
473:American Sanctuary Association
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1149:Careers Working with Animals
1123:"Best Friends Animal Clinic"
139:Companion animal sanctuaries
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1268:Juliana's Animal Sanctuary
1178:Best Friends Animal Society
1127:Best Friends Animal Society
712:Bockman, Jon (2015-09-24).
246:Intentional community model
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1027:Grantham-Philips, Wyatte.
497:List of animal sanctuaries
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1550:Former zoos and aquariums
1152:. Kogan Page Publishers.
718:Animal Charity Evaluators
207:Animal Charity Evaluators
156:Farmed animal sanctuaries
148:Farmed animal sanctuaries
145:Exotic animal sanctuaries
1146:Shepherd, Allan (2001).
737:Abrell, Elan L. (2016).
30:Not to be confused with
768:10.4324/9780429427138-8
701:. New York: Touchstone.
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827:Animal Studies Journal
628:horizontravelpress.com
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762:. pp. 123–138.
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196:, the co-founder of
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84:is a facility where
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697:Baur, Gene (2008).
652:www.homeforlife.org
334:Baltimore, Maryland
256:animal agricultural
202:effective altruists
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1668:Animals portal
1643:Zoological society
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1482:Endangered species
1396:Marine mammal park
1008:. pp. 526–529
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374:veterinarians
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1565:WAZA members
1467:Biodiversity
1460:Conservation
1416:Penguinarium
1406:Night safari
1376:Dolphinarium
1345:
1229:. Retrieved
1225:
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1205:. Retrieved
1203:. 2019-09-03
1200:
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574:. 2010-11-27
571:
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427:Please help
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358:veterinarian
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74:farm animals
72:, and other
1441:Virtual zoo
1436:Safari park
1426:Petting zoo
1386:Insectarium
1381:Herpetarium
1057:Global News
949:"Blackfish"
686:(1): 50–74.
502:Nature park
326:Nova Scotia
1705:Categories
1608:Frozen zoo
1421:Pheasantry
1411:Oceanarium
1231:2024-09-05
1207:2024-09-05
1183:2020-04-14
1132:2020-04-14
1108:2022-11-23
1084:2022-11-23
1062:2022-11-23
1038:2022-11-23
983:2022-11-23
958:2022-11-23
934:2022-11-23
791:2020-04-15
723:2020-06-15
657:2020-04-14
633:2018-07-11
578:2020-04-15
568:"About Us"
523:References
378:volunteers
338:Aegean Sea
252:speciesist
222:FAS models
1628:Zookeeper
1518:Aquariums
1401:Menagerie
1328:aquariums
1174:"Dogtown"
1033:USA TODAY
953:Blackfish
910:150061071
902:1544-273X
810:ignored (
800:cite book
786:210288939
610:research.
540:Tom Regan
416:does not
370:neutering
306:porpoises
213:Education
194:Gene Baur
126:nonprofit
101:sanctuary
1446:Vivarium
1366:Bear pit
1356:Aquarium
1332:aviaries
542:(2006).
491:See also
471:and the
445:May 2020
302:dolphins
294:Cetacean
162:chickens
112:Overview
1648:Zoology
1638:Zoo key
1576:Related
1523:largest
1006:Science
854:5 April
437:removed
422:sources
364:status.
362:hygiene
322:Iceland
279:Toronto
186:turkeys
95:Unlike
86:animals
70:rabbits
66:poultry
1688:
1677:
1361:Aviary
1330:, and
1201:10Best
1156:
978:Forbes
908:
900:
784:
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550:
298:whales
264:agency
188:, and
178:horses
1506:Lists
1002:(PDF)
906:S2CID
782:S2CID
304:, or
190:sheep
170:goats
54:sheep
50:goats
1513:Zoos
1324:Zoos
1154:ISBN
1014:2022
898:ISSN
856:2020
812:help
772:ISBN
548:ISBN
420:any
418:cite
310:zoos
229:and
174:fish
166:cows
62:pigs
58:cows
1451:Zoo
890:doi
764:doi
431:by
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332:in
182:pig
122:zoo
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