291:
inappropriate, whereas "anode" meaning 'East electrode' would have remained correct with respect to the unchanged direction of the actual phenomenon underlying the current, then unknown but, he thought, unambiguously defined by the magnetic reference. In retrospect the name change was unfortunate, not only because the Greek roots alone do not reveal the anode's function any more, but more importantly because as we now know, the Earth's magnetic field direction on which the "anode" term is based is subject to
366:
170:. The names of the electrodes do not change in cases where reverse current flows through the device. Similarly, in a vacuum tube only one electrode can emit electrons into the evacuated tube due to being heated by a filament, so electrons can only enter the device from the external circuit through the heated electrode. Therefore, this electrode is permanently named the cathode, and the electrode through which the electrons exit the tube is named the anode.
410:
1106:
436:
472:
33:
342:: LEO Red Cat (Loss of Electrons is Oxidation, Reduction occurs at the Cathode), or AnOx Red Cat (Anode Oxidation, Reduction Cathode), or OIL RIG (Oxidation is Loss, Reduction is Gain of electrons), or Roman Catholic and Orthodox (Reduction – Cathode, anode – Oxidation), or LEO the lion says GER (Losing electrons is Oxidation, Gaining electrons is Reduction).
453:
charge-carrier ions). This creates a base negative charge on the anode. When a positive voltage is applied to anode of the diode from the circuit, more holes are able to be transferred to the depleted region, and this causes the diode to become conductive, allowing current to flow through the circuit. The terms anode and cathode should not be applied to a
282:, whose exact nature was not known at the time. The reference he used to this effect was the Earth's magnetic field direction, which at that time was believed to be invariant. He fundamentally defined his arbitrary orientation for the cell as being that in which the internal current would run parallel to and in the same direction as a hypothetical
266:. In that paper Faraday explained that when an electrolytic cell is oriented so that electric current traverses the "decomposing body" (electrolyte) in a direction "from East to West, or, which will strengthen this help to the memory, that in which the sun appears to move", the anode is where the current enters the electrolyte, on the East side: "
223:, the anode is the terminal represented by the tail of the arrow symbol (flat side of the triangle), where conventional current flows into the device. Note the electrode naming for diodes is always based on the direction of the forward current (that of the arrow, in which the current flows "most easily"), even for types such as
212:, the anode is the positive terminal imposed by an external source of potential difference. The current through a recharging battery is opposite to the direction of current during discharge; in other words, the electrode which was the cathode during battery discharge becomes the anode while the battery is recharging.
390:
215:
In battery engineering, it is common to designate one electrode of a rechargeable battery the anode and the other the cathode according to the roles the electrodes play when the battery is discharged. This is despite the fact that the roles are reversed when the battery is charged. When this is done,
165:
where the electrode naming is fixed and does not depend on the actual charge flow (current). These devices usually allow substantial current flow in one direction but negligible current in the other direction. Therefore, the electrodes are named based on the direction of this "forward" current. In
528:
metal. As long as the zinc remains intact, the iron is protected from the effects of corrosion. Inevitably, the zinc coating becomes breached, either by cracking or physical damage. Once this occurs, corrosive elements act as an electrolyte and the zinc/iron combination as electrodes. The resultant
400:
Battery manufacturers may regard the negative electrode as the anode, particularly in their technical literature. Though from an electrochemical viewpoint incorrect, it does resolve the problem of which electrode is the anode in a secondary (or rechargeable) cell. Using the traditional definition,
277:
The use of 'East' to mean the 'in' direction (actually 'in' → 'East' → 'sunrise' → 'up') may appear contrived. Previously, as related in the first reference cited above, Faraday had used the more straightforward term "eisode" (the doorway where the current enters). His motivation for changing it to
356:
Historically, when non-reactive anodes were desired for electrolysis, graphite (called plumbago in
Faraday's time) or platinum were chosen. They were found to be some of the least reactive materials for anodes. Platinum erodes very slowly compared to other materials, and graphite crumbles and can
544:. Unlike the sacrificial anode rod, the impressed current anode does not sacrifice its structure. This technology uses an external current provided by a DC source to create the cathodic protection. Impressed current anodes are used in larger structures like pipelines, boats, city water tower,
452:
to the junction. In the junction region, the holes supplied by the anode combine with electrons supplied from the N-doped region, creating a depleted zone. As the P-doped layer supplies holes to the depleted region, negative dopant ions are left behind in the P-doped layer ('P' for positive
290:
field oriented like the Earth's. This made the internal current East to West as previously mentioned, but in the event of a later convention change it would have become West to East, so that the East electrode would not have been the 'way in' any more. Therefore, "eisode" would have become
385:
relative to the electrolyte solution being different for the anode and cathode metal/electrolyte systems); but, external to the cell in the circuit, electrons are being pushed out through the negative contact and thus through the circuit by the voltage potential as would be expected.
179:
381:, the anode is the negative electrode from which electrons flow out towards the external part of the circuit. Internally the positively charged cations are flowing away from the anode (even though it is negative and therefore would be expected to attract them, this is due to
516:
developed the first and still most widely used marine electrolysis protection system. Davy installed sacrificial anodes made from a more electrically reactive (less noble) metal attached to the vessel hull and electrically connected to form a cathodic protection circuit.
153:
in a metal conductor. Since electrons have a negative charge, the direction of electron flow is opposite to the direction of conventional current. Consequently, electrons leave the device through the anode and enter the device through the cathode.
134:(positive charge) flows into the device from an external circuit, while a cathode is an electrode through which conventional current flows out of the device. If the current through the electrodes reverses direction, as occurs for example in a
529:
current ensures that the zinc coating is sacrificed but that the base iron does not corrode. Such a coating can protect an iron structure for a few decades, but once the protecting coating is consumed, the iron rapidly corrodes.
425:
is the positively charged electron collector. In a tube, the anode is a charged positive plate that collects the electrons emitted by the cathode through electric attraction. It also accelerates the flow of these electrons.
564:
switch functions, so the anode becomes the cathode and the cathode becomes anode, as long as the reversed current is applied. The exception is diodes where electrode naming is always based on the forward current direction.
345:
This process is widely used in metals refining. For example, in copper refining, copper anodes, an intermediate product from the furnaces, are electrolysed in an appropriate solution (such as
486:, a metal anode that is more reactive to the corrosive environment than the metal system to be protected is electrically linked to the protected system. As a result, the metal anode partially
194:
varies depending on the device type and on its operating mode. In the following examples, the anode is negative in a device that provides power, and positive in a device that consumes power:
278:
something meaning 'the East electrode' (other candidates had been "eastode", "oriode" and "anatolode") was to make it immune to a possible later change in the direction convention for
205:(diagram on left), the anode is the negative terminal: it is where conventional current flows into the cell. This inward current is carried externally by electrons moving outwards.
111:
is the wire or plate upon which excess positive charge is imposed. As a result of this, anions will tend to move towards the anode where they will undergo oxidation.
338:(negative ions) are forced by the electrical potential to react chemically and give off electrons (oxidation) which then flow up and into the driving circuit.
80:, into an outside or external circuit connected to the cell. For example, the end of a household battery marked with a "+" is the cathode (while discharging).
130:
are not defined by the voltage polarity of electrodes but the direction of current through the electrode. An anode is an electrode of a device through which
72:
is ACID, for "anode current into device". The direction of conventional current (the flow of positive charges) in a circuit is opposite to the direction of
509:
is generated by the action of flowing liquids, such as pipelines and watercraft. Sacrificial anodes are also generally used in tank-type water heaters.
512:
In 1824 to reduce the impact of this destructive electrolytic action on ships hulls, their fastenings and underwater equipment, the scientist-engineer
1035:
505:, which will dissolve into the seawater and prevent the hull from being corroded. Sacrificial anodes are particularly needed for systems where a
166:
a diode the anode is the terminal through which current enters and the cathode is the terminal through which current leaves, when the diode is
306:, an easier to remember and more durably correct technically although historically false, etymology has been suggested: anode, from the Greek
876:
1306:
1193:
651:
1346:
1356:
532:
If, conversely, tin is used to coat steel, when a breach of the coating occurs it actually accelerates oxidation of the iron.
1284:
616:
1366:
1028:
1331:
1198:
937:
339:
1371:
1341:
1326:
1294:
844:
775:
1386:
1133:
1401:
1299:
457:, since it allows flow in either direction, depending on the polarity of the applied potential (i.e. voltage).
216:"anode" simply designates the negative terminal of the battery and "cathode" designates the positive terminal.
1406:
1351:
1336:
1269:
1228:
1203:
1183:
1163:
540:
Another cathodic protection is used on the impressed current anode. It is made from titanium and covered with
1289:
1021:
349:) to yield high purity (99.99%) cathodes. Copper cathodes produced using this method are also described as
1495:
1396:
963:
103:
the anode is the wire or plate having excess negative charge as a result of the oxidation reaction. In an
1257:
977:
350:
1361:
1178:
389:
1223:
365:
1239:
1208:
1044:
751:
545:
292:
135:
131:
61:
45:
1516:
1391:
1376:
1311:
1279:
1274:
1090:
483:
382:
675:
1381:
1252:
1105:
1063:
767:
720:
299:
direction convention on which the "eisode" term was based has no reason to change in the future.
96:
357:
produce carbon dioxide in aqueous solutions but otherwise does not participate in the reaction.
703:
Ross, S (1961). "Faraday
Consults the Scholars: The Origins of the Terms of Electrochemistry".
435:
1455:
1173:
1143:
872:
657:
647:
541:
502:
498:
475:
466:
394:
331:
209:
183:
104:
88:
68:, an electrode of the device through which conventional current leaves the device. A common
1321:
1316:
1128:
1068:
864:
836:
759:
712:
418:
374:
319:
296:
279:
198:
896:
178:
1188:
1115:
892:
584:
422:
259:
255:
235:
146:
138:
when it is being charged, the roles of the electrodes as anode and cathode are reversed.
755:
624:
1424:
1078:
579:
506:
247:
142:
1510:
1058:
771:
724:
449:
442:
378:
346:
262:
over some new names needed to complete a paper on the recently discovered process of
202:
100:
84:
77:
41:
27:
Electrode through which conventional current flows into a polarized electrical device
1262:
1218:
1153:
1095:
1073:
589:
513:
409:
263:
167:
640:
991:
1490:
1475:
1213:
1138:
1008:
816:
810:
454:
231:
224:
162:
157:
The definition of anode and cathode is different for electrical devices such as
471:
1434:
1168:
1148:
524:
iron. This process coats iron structures (such as fencing) with a coating of
840:
1480:
1470:
1460:
1429:
1085:
868:
782:
574:
561:
521:
487:
327:
310:, 'way up', 'the way (up) out of the cell (or other device) for electrons'.
92:
57:
763:
716:
661:
32:
1158:
303:
283:
150:
73:
69:
1013:
830:
739:
1465:
792:
557:
191:
127:
65:
992:"Powered Anode Rod Advantages | #1 Anode Rod | Corro-Protec"
978:"What is an Impressed Current Anode? - Definition from Corrosionpedia"
17:
804:
287:
227:
or solar cells where the current of interest is the reverse current.
520:
A less obvious example of this type of protection is the process of
912:
798:
594:
495:
478:
mounted "on the fly" for corrosion protection of a metal structure
470:
445:
413:
Cutaway diagram of a triode vacuum tube, showing the plate (anode)
408:
388:
364:
335:
220:
190:
The polarity of voltage on an anode with respect to an associated
158:
31:
114:
Historically, the anode of a galvanic cell was also known as the
76:
flow, so (negatively charged) electrons flow from the anode of a
525:
491:
286:
around the local line of latitude which would induce a magnetic
37:
1017:
1485:
676:"Zincode definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary"
401:
the anode switches ends between charge and discharge cycles.
490:
or dissolves instead of the metal system. As an example, an
393:
Positive and negative electrode vs. anode and cathode for a
964:"Impressed Current Protection Anodes - Specialist Castings"
863:(2nd ed.). Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications.
238:, the anode is the terminal where current enters the tube.
141:
Conventional current depends not only on the direction the
448:, the anode is the P-doped layer which initially supplies
149:. The currents outside the device are usually carried by
740:"Experimental Researches in Electricity. Seventh Series"
560:. When the current through the device is reversed, the
1443:
1415:
1237:
1113:
1051:
44:. Note how electrons move out of the cell, and the
639:
330:occurs and is the positive polarity contact in an
901:. Vol. 1. London: The University of London.
705:Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London
182:Electric current and electrons directions for a
744:Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society
60:of a polarized electrical device through which
1029:
913:"What is the anode, cathode and electrolyte?"
8:
698:
696:
1036:
1022:
1014:
938:"Anode vs Cathode: What's the difference?"
64:enters the device. This contrasts with a
118:because it was usually composed of zinc.
917:Duracell Frequently Asked Questions page
861:IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology
177:
48:moves into it in the opposite direction.
859:McNaught, A. D.; Wilkinson, A. (1997).
638:Pauling, Linus; Pauling, Peter (1975).
607:
417:In electronic vacuum devices such as a
898:Experimental Researches in Electricity
832:Experimental Researches in Electricity
780:in which Faraday introduces the words
847:from the original on 9 December 2017.
778:from the original on 9 December 2017.
274:a way; the way which the sun rises".
246:The word was coined in 1834 from the
7:
25:
738:Faraday, Michael (January 1834).
617:"How to Define Anode and Cathode"
302:Since the later discovery of the
1104:
646:. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman.
434:
1009:How to define anode and cathode
208:In a recharging battery, or an
556:The opposite of an anode is a
361:Battery or galvanic cell anode
1:
145:move, but also the carriers'
258:, who had been consulted by
186:during discharge and charge.
501:may be protected by a zinc
1533:
464:
1194:Metal–air electrochemical
1102:
829:Faraday, Michael (1849).
284:magnetizing current loop
869:10.1351/goldbook.A00370
835:. Vol. 1. Taylor.
536:Impressed current anode
1496:Semipermeable membrane
1285:Lithium–iron–phosphate
764:10.1098/rstl.1834.0008
717:10.1098/rsnr.1961.0038
479:
414:
397:
370:
187:
49:
1367:Rechargeable alkaline
1045:Electrochemical cells
680:collinsdictionary.com
615:Denker, John (2004).
597:(reduction–oxidation)
474:
412:
392:
368:
181:
35:
1347:Nickel–metal hydride
136:rechargeable battery
132:conventional current
126:The terms anode and
62:conventional current
46:conventional current
1357:Polysulfide–bromide
1199:Nickel oxyhydroxide
1091:Thermogalvanic cell
756:1834RSPT..124...77F
484:cathodic protection
383:electrode potential
351:electrolytic copper
91:, the anode is the
1120:(non-rechargeable)
1064:Concentration cell
966:. 16 January 2020.
480:
476:Sacrificial anodes
415:
398:
371:
314:Electrolytic anode
188:
97:oxidation reaction
50:
1504:
1503:
944:. 10 October 2023
878:978-0-9678550-9-7
841:2027/uc1.b4484853
627:on 28 March 2006.
542:mixed metal oxide
503:sacrificial anode
467:Sacrificial anode
461:Sacrificial anode
405:Vacuum tube anode
395:secondary battery
332:electrolytic cell
210:electrolytic cell
197:In a discharging
184:secondary battery
105:electrolytic cell
89:electrolytic cell
16:(Redirected from
1524:
1300:Lithium–titanate
1245:
1121:
1108:
1069:Electric battery
1038:
1031:
1024:
1015:
996:
995:
994:. 13 March 2019.
988:
982:
981:
974:
968:
967:
960:
954:
953:
951:
949:
934:
928:
927:
925:
923:
909:
903:
902:
893:Faraday, Michael
889:
883:
882:
856:
850:
848:
826:
820:
779:
735:
729:
728:
700:
691:
690:
688:
686:
672:
666:
665:
645:
635:
629:
628:
623:. Archived from
612:
438:
419:cathode-ray tube
334:. At the anode,
320:electrochemistry
254:), 'ascent', by
236:gas-filled tubes
21:
1532:
1531:
1527:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1522:
1521:
1507:
1506:
1505:
1500:
1439:
1418:
1411:
1332:Nickel–hydrogen
1290:Lithium–polymer
1246:
1243:
1242:
1233:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1109:
1100:
1047:
1042:
1005:
1000:
999:
990:
989:
985:
976:
975:
971:
962:
961:
957:
947:
945:
936:
935:
931:
921:
919:
911:
910:
906:
891:
890:
886:
879:
858:
857:
853:
828:
827:
823:
737:
736:
732:
702:
701:
694:
684:
682:
674:
673:
669:
654:
637:
636:
632:
614:
613:
609:
604:
585:Gas-filled tube
571:
554:
552:Related antonym
538:
469:
463:
432:
407:
363:
316:
260:Michael Faraday
256:William Whewell
244:
176:
147:electric charge
143:charge carriers
124:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1530:
1528:
1520:
1519:
1509:
1508:
1502:
1501:
1499:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1447:
1445:
1441:
1440:
1438:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1425:Atomic battery
1421:
1419:
1416:
1413:
1412:
1410:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1397:Vanadium redox
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1372:Silver–cadmium
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1342:Nickel–lithium
1339:
1334:
1329:
1327:Nickel–cadmium
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1303:
1302:
1297:
1295:Lithium–sulfur
1292:
1287:
1282:
1272:
1267:
1266:
1265:
1255:
1249:
1247:
1244:(rechargeable)
1240:Secondary cell
1238:
1235:
1234:
1232:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1164:Edison–Lalande
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1125:
1123:
1114:
1111:
1110:
1103:
1101:
1099:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1082:
1081:
1079:Trough battery
1076:
1066:
1061:
1055:
1053:
1049:
1048:
1043:
1041:
1040:
1033:
1026:
1018:
1012:
1011:
1004:
1003:External links
1001:
998:
997:
983:
969:
955:
929:
904:
884:
877:
851:
821:
730:
711:(2): 187–220.
692:
667:
653:978-0716701767
652:
630:
606:
605:
603:
600:
599:
598:
592:
587:
582:
580:Galvanic anode
577:
570:
567:
553:
550:
537:
534:
465:Main article:
462:
459:
431:
428:
406:
403:
362:
359:
315:
312:
243:
240:
175:
172:
168:forward biased
123:
120:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1529:
1518:
1515:
1514:
1512:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1446:
1442:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1422:
1420:
1414:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1387:Sodium–sulfur
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1362:Potassium ion
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1277:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1264:
1261:
1260:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1250:
1248:
1241:
1236:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1179:Lithium metal
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1134:Aluminium–air
1132:
1130:
1127:
1126:
1124:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1059:Galvanic cell
1057:
1056:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1039:
1034:
1032:
1027:
1025:
1020:
1019:
1016:
1010:
1007:
1006:
1002:
993:
987:
984:
979:
973:
970:
965:
959:
956:
943:
939:
933:
930:
918:
914:
908:
905:
900:
899:
894:
888:
885:
880:
874:
870:
866:
862:
855:
852:
846:
842:
838:
834:
833:
825:
822:
819:
818:
813:
812:
807:
806:
801:
800:
795:
794:
789:
785:
784:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
734:
731:
726:
722:
718:
714:
710:
706:
699:
697:
693:
681:
677:
671:
668:
663:
659:
655:
649:
644:
643:
634:
631:
626:
622:
618:
611:
608:
601:
596:
593:
591:
588:
586:
583:
581:
578:
576:
573:
572:
568:
566:
563:
559:
551:
549:
547:
546:water heaters
543:
535:
533:
530:
527:
523:
518:
515:
510:
508:
507:static charge
504:
500:
497:
493:
489:
485:
477:
473:
468:
460:
458:
456:
451:
447:
444:
443:semiconductor
439:
437:
429:
427:
424:
420:
411:
404:
402:
396:
391:
387:
384:
380:
379:galvanic cell
376:
369:Galvanic cell
367:
360:
358:
354:
352:
348:
347:sulfuric acid
343:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
313:
311:
309:
305:
300:
298:
294:
289:
285:
281:
275:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
241:
239:
237:
233:
228:
226:
222:
217:
213:
211:
206:
204:
203:galvanic cell
200:
195:
193:
185:
180:
173:
171:
169:
164:
160:
155:
152:
148:
144:
139:
137:
133:
129:
121:
119:
117:
112:
110:
106:
102:
101:galvanic cell
99:occurs. In a
98:
95:at which the
94:
90:
86:
85:galvanic cell
81:
79:
78:galvanic cell
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
55:
47:
43:
42:galvanic cell
39:
36:Diagram of a
34:
30:
19:
1450:
1402:Zinc–bromine
1209:Silver oxide
1144:Chromic acid
1116:Primary cell
1096:Voltaic pile
1074:Flow battery
986:
972:
958:
946:. Retrieved
941:
932:
920:. Retrieved
916:
907:
897:
887:
860:
854:
831:
824:
815:
809:
803:
797:
791:
787:
781:
747:
743:
733:
708:
704:
683:. Retrieved
679:
670:
641:
633:
625:the original
620:
610:
590:Primary cell
555:
539:
531:
519:
514:Humphry Davy
511:
481:
440:
433:
416:
399:
372:
355:
344:
323:
317:
307:
301:
295:whereas the
276:
271:
267:
264:electrolysis
251:
245:
232:vacuum tubes
229:
225:Zener diodes
218:
214:
207:
196:
189:
163:vacuum tubes
156:
140:
125:
115:
113:
108:
82:
53:
51:
29:
1491:Salt bridge
1476:Electrolyte
1407:Zinc–cerium
1392:Solid state
1377:Silver–zinc
1352:Nickel–zinc
1337:Nickel–iron
1312:Molten salt
1280:Dual carbon
1275:Lithium ion
1270:Lithium–air
1229:Zinc–carbon
1204:Silicon–air
1184:Lithium–air
817:electrolyze
811:electrolyte
522:galvanising
499:ship's hull
455:Zener diode
430:Diode anode
122:Charge flow
40:anode in a
1517:Electrodes
1444:Cell parts
1435:Solar cell
1417:Other cell
1382:Sodium ion
1253:Automotive
922:24 October
602:References
562:electrodes
548:and more.
83:In both a
1481:Half-cell
1471:Electrode
1430:Fuel cell
1307:Metal–air
1258:Lead–acid
1174:Leclanché
1086:Fuel cell
783:electrode
772:116224057
750:(1): 77.
725:145600326
642:Chemistry
575:Anodizing
340:Mnemonics
328:oxidation
326:is where
293:reversals
270:upwards,
242:Etymology
151:electrons
93:electrode
58:electrode
1511:Category
1461:Catalyst
1322:Nanowire
1317:Nanopore
1263:gel–VRLA
1224:Zinc–air
1129:Alkaline
948:11 April
942:BioLogic
895:(1849).
845:Archived
776:Archived
621:av8n.com
569:See also
488:corrodes
304:electron
250:ἄνοδος (
174:Examples
74:electron
70:mnemonic
1466:Cathode
1219:Zamboni
1189:Mercury
1154:Daniell
849:Reprint
793:cathode
752:Bibcode
685:11 June
662:1307272
558:cathode
375:battery
297:current
280:current
199:battery
192:cathode
128:cathode
116:zincode
87:and an
66:cathode
1456:Binder
1214:Weston
1139:Bunsen
875:
805:cation
770:
723:
660:
650:
421:, the
336:anions
322:, the
308:anodos
288:dipole
252:anodos
159:diodes
107:, the
56:is an
18:Anodes
1451:Anode
1169:Grove
1149:Clark
1052:Types
799:anion
788:anode
768:S2CID
721:S2CID
595:Redox
496:steel
450:holes
446:diode
441:In a
423:anode
373:In a
324:anode
248:Greek
221:diode
219:In a
109:anode
54:anode
1486:Ions
950:2024
924:2020
873:ISBN
687:2021
658:OCLC
648:ISBN
526:zinc
492:iron
272:odos
161:and
38:zinc
1159:Dry
865:doi
837:hdl
760:doi
748:124
713:doi
494:or
482:In
377:or
318:In
268:ano
234:or
230:In
201:or
52:An
1513::
940:.
915:.
871:.
843:.
814:,
808:,
802:,
796:,
790:,
786:,
774:.
766:.
758:.
746:.
742:.
719:.
709:16
707:.
695:^
678:.
656:.
619:.
353:.
1037:e
1030:t
1023:v
980:.
952:.
926:.
881:.
867::
839::
762::
754::
727:.
715::
689:.
664:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
