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217:, gaining notoriety for leaving an uncomfortable example on the government computing agencies because of the women's low wages and arduous work, even though it was of high quality. Winlock found it important the work to be done in astronomy, especially for women. By her own development as a scientist and her lasting contributions to the stellar program of the observatory, she served as an example that women were equally capable as men of doing astronomical work.
171:. By age 10, Anna had watched her father go from Superintendent at the American Nautical Almanac Office in Cambridge, Massachusetts, to the Director of the Harvard College Observatory as well as a professor of Astronomy at the main Harvard College. Upon her graduation she received a letter from her principal expressing his appreciation for her Greek and of her character. Her father influenced her interest in astronomy. When she was twelve, she attended a
239:, which contains information on more than one-hundred thousand stars and is used worldwide by many observatories and their researchers. Besides her work on the Cambridge Zone, she also contributed to many independent projects. She supervised in the creation of the Observatory Annals (a collection of tables that provide the positions of variable stars in clusters) into 38 volumes.
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volumes of unreduced observations, a decades worth of numbers in a useless state, that previously her father had left unfinished. The interim director of the observatory complained that he could not process the data, as "the condition of the funds is an objection to hiring anyone." Winlock presented
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Winlock's death was unexpected. On
December 17, 1904, she visited the Harvard College Observatory for what would be the last time, and she continued working through the holiday season. The last entry in her notebook of reductions was on New Years Day 1904. Three days later she died suddenly at the
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by her father she seemed like a capable asset to the observatory and could be paid less than half the prevailing rate for calculating at the time. Harvard was able to offer her twenty-five cents an hour to do the computations. Winlock found the conditions acceptable and took the position.
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observations. Five years earlier under the direction of her father, the observatory collaborated with multiple foreign observatories in a project for preparing a comprehensive star catalog. The project was divided into sections or zones by circles parallel to the
235:. Winlock began to work on the section called the "Cambridge Zone" shortly after being hired on by the observatory. Working over twenty years on the project, the work done by her team on the Cambridge Zone contributed significantly to the
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After the death of her father, it fell upon her to find financial support for her mother and four siblings, and soon she approached the
Harvard College Observatory seeking a job in calculations. Specifically, she was capable of
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Through her thirty-year career at the
Harvard College Observatory, Winlock contributed to the many projects the observatory faced. Her most significant work involved the continuous and arduous work of reducing and computing
179:. In June 1875, Joseph died shortly after Winlock had graduated from secondary school. Winlock quickly followed in her father's footsteps becoming one of the first female paid staff members of the
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In less than a year, she was joined at the observatory by three other women who also served as computers; they became known as
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Women in
Science : Antiquity Through the Nineteenth Century : A Biographical Dictionary With Annotated Bibliography
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herself to the observatory and offered to reduce the observations. Having been previously introduced to the principles of
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and
Isabella Lane. Winlock attended the Cambridge Schools as a child and began to develop an interest in both
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age of 47 in Boston, Massachusetts. A funeral service was held at St. John's Chapel in
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The
Harvard College Observatory: The First Four Directorships, 1839-1919
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One of the first members of female computer group known as "the
376:(3. print. and 1. paperback print. ed.). Princeton, N.J.:
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Astronomer Edward
Charles Pickering's Harvard computers
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434:Jones, Bessie Zaban; Boyd, Lyle Gifford (1971).
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187:Harvard College Observatory
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109:Harvard College Observatory
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401:Grier, David Alan (2005).
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308:"Anna Winlock - Biography"
405:When Computers Were Human
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269:Byrd, Mary E. (1904).
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39:September 15, 1857
511:Harvard Computers
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105:Institutions
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516:1904 deaths
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281:: 254–258.
165:mathematics
151:Early years
68:Nationality
495:Categories
472:. May 1904
420:0691091579
387:0691091579
317:2024-03-20
252:References
125:astronomer
35:1857-09-15
145:475 Ocllo
137:asteroids
99:Astronomy
476:22 March
292:20 March
194:reducing
177:Kentucky
167:and the
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