329:, which had many local chapters, serving as a president of the National organization from 1921 until 1923. She was nominated and then formally elected in 1921 and 1922 to one-year terms. The constitution required that a President not serve for more than two years. In 1921 Lady Cowdray, as President of the National Liberal Women's Federation signed a petition pushing for a partial disarmament of England's military, though her sentiments paralleled many British citizens at the time, as a result of the hardships of WWI. In 1921, during Lady Cowdray's term as President, the Women's Liberal Federation adopted a resolution for the release of Irish prisoners that had been interned and held without trial and addressed the need to investigate the statements of authorities regarding the treatment of Irish prisoners in internment camps. Topics of interest for the National Women's Liberal Federation included but were not confined to free trade, temperance, war debt and disarmament, divorce law reform, housing, as well as legislation affecting women and children, education, industrial problems, electoral reform, and the organization of the Women's National Liberal Federation. She also served as the Honorary Treasurer of the Liberal Women's Suffrage Union, as suffrage was a major concern to women of the era. She was an early and deeply supportive member of the
425:
348:. Her husband, Lord Cowdray, Weetman Pearson, also served fifteen years as a Liberal Party Member of Parliament from Colchester. She is the only woman to have been High Steward of Colchester and held the office from 1927 until her death in 1932. Lord and Lady Cowdray donated Colchester Castle, which was at a slight risk of being demolished, to the Town Council of Colchester. The cost of purchasing the Castle was estimated at 8,000 pounds. Aberdeen's attempt to consolidate the city hospitals received a subscription of 25,000 pounds from Lady Cowdray in 1927, and a matching subscription from Lord Cowdray.
269:
313:, for the club's headquarters. By 1923 the club had over 3000 members. The house, which Lady Cowdray helped lavishly furnish, could also be used on occasion as a gathering place by professional women who were not nurses or members of the College of Nursing at a slightly higher subscription and could serve reasonably priced meals.
394:, was in financial ruin at the time he inherited it. To protect it from being sold off, Lady Cowdray paid off the bank debt and gifted a large sum of money to her granddaughter Angela Pearson, the duke's mother, to set up The Blair Charitable Trust. Her financial contributions toward saving Blair Castle were covered on the
296:
was established in 1916, Lady
Cowdray became the Treasurer and Chairman of the Tribute Fund Committee for the Nation's Fund for Nurses, fundraising for the creation of a Benevolent Fund for Nurses and for the endowment of the Royal College of Nursing. In 1921 she funded the rebuilding along Henrietta
201:
and engineer who would run the global engineering firm
Pearson and Sons, with major projects in England, Canada, the United States, Mexico, and the Sudan. In the early 1900's Pearson would become an oil magnate, initially with his company Mexican Eagle Oil in Veracruz, Tabasco, and Campeche on the
351:
Lady
Cowdray suggested the idea of old age pensions to the British government around 1900, and the concept was eventually legislated. She also instituted a system of disability pensions in England initially provided at her own expense, which were also eventually adopted by the British government.
43:
1448:"Detail of inscription "Weetman Dickinson Pearson. First Viscount Cowdray. MDCCCLVI-MCMXXVII. and his wife. Annie Cass. First Viscountess Cowdray. MDCCCLX-MCMXXXII. She Died in Paris & is Buried at Sai ... (1378694)"
1521:
1299:
654:
147:
33:
1124:
993:
1274:
1023:
655:"'THE DUNECHT HOUSE CHAIRS' - Pair of Dutch Ivory & Fruitwood Marquetry inlaid Walnut Side Chairs - The Cotswold Art & Antique Dealers Association"
297:
Street in London for a headquarters for the Royal
College of Nursing. She decided to create a social club for nurses and professional women, founding the
322:
1174:
282:
1576:
804:
London
Metropolitan Archives, ref: A/COW/87 - a memorial booklet written by Agnes L. Douglas, who was private secretary to Lady Cowdray 1920-1932.
1551:
1149:
780:
194:
173:
from 1921 until 1923 and was also the
Honorary Treasurer of the Liberal Women's Suffrage Union. She was the only woman to hold the office of
99:
242:
110:
896:
567:
1571:
424:
1566:
910:
581:
550:
730:
379:
In
November 1931, a thief broke into Lady Cowdray's home and stole £8,000 worth of jewellery from her granddaughter, Joan Pearson.
285:, establishing nursing services in rural parts of England and Scotland. She donated £100,000 to establish the Cowdray Hospital in
1546:
1175:"viaLibri ~ [Album of exceptional watercolours of members of the Chinese court and of various tradesmen and occupations]"
383:
232:
118:
898:
British Lions and
Mexican Eagles : Business, Politics, and Empire in the Career of Weetman Pearson in Mexico, 1889 to 1919
755:
236:
1526:
1482:
502:
330:
1443:
705:
326:
170:
878:
Elected in 1921 to
National Women's Liberal Federation in "General Election Near, Belief of Women's Liberal Federation",
1541:
1531:
1556:
1099:
406:
1536:
345:
174:
1300:"THE COWDRAY PEARLS : A HIGHLY IMPORTANT, RARE AND SUPERB NATURAL PEARL AND DIAMOND NECKLACE, CARTIER LONDON"
1015:
985:
1581:
1474:
902:
1249:
451:
received £6,054 (equivalent to £543,000 in 2023) for the establishment of a memorial fund for Lady
Cowdray.
268:
293:
186:
162:
161:
and philanthropist. She was nicknamed the "Fairy Godmother of Nursing" due to her financial patronage of the
1561:
1199:
679:
1047:"Reading the silences: Trudie Denman and the women's movement in the first half of the twentieth century"
573:
437:
341:
1224:
1516:
1511:
25:
333:. Her grand daughter, Anne Judith Denman, studied engineering at Cambridge University in the 1920s.
1429:
The Essex Review: An Illustrated Quarterly Record of Everything of Permanent Interest in the County
441:
433:
369:
258:
254:
253:
Francis Geoffrey Pearson (1891-1914), who died in battle, and is buried in the British Cemetery at
198:
158:
1452:
1064:
906:
577:
546:
498:
492:
971:
Cowdray's reign as President of WNLF ended in 1923 in "Women's National Liberal Federation,"
542:
360:
Lady Cowdray was an avid art collector and patron of the arts. She commissioned the painting
1054:
302:
211:
166:
1376:
1350:
413:
337:
248:
387:
310:
1351:"Downton and Dukedom: The real-life Lady Marys saving our country houses - The F-Word"
781:"Cavendish Square 4: No. 20 (the Royal College of Nursing) - UCL The Survey of London"
1505:
535:
373:
306:
222:
448:
391:
298:
1059:
1046:
1427:
629:
365:
301:
in 1922, not far from the Royal College of Nursing. She purchased a house at 20
286:
1402:
865:
Re-elected as NWLF President in 1922 for one year term in "Court and Social",
1324:
1200:"A Splendid $ 200,000 Album of Early 19th Century Chinese Export Watercolors"
1068:
1447:
1084:
190:
1275:"Ivan Mestrovic's Mother Teaching Child to Pray sold at Sotheby's auction"
247:
Bernard Clive Pearson (1887-1965), married Alicia, posthumous daughter of
218:
60:
42:
1406:
813:
Purchased house at 20 Cavendish Square in "A London Letter for Women",
395:
207:
203:
1377:"Clan Donnachaidh Society - Atholl, Points of Interest, Blair Atholl"
1125:"Disputed Elizabeth I painting leads Christie's Cowdray Park auction"
169:
throughout England and Scotland. She served as the President of the
210:
in 1894, raised to the peerage becoming Baron Cowdray in 1910, and
79:
1403:"The Last Dukes (British Aristocracy Documentary) - Real Stories"
537:
International Women in Science: A Biographical Dictionary to 1950
521:(1930), Cassel and Company, LTD., Printed in London, pgs. 149-163
281:
Lady Cowdray was a patron of nursing and was associated with the
189:
on 4 June 1860 to Sir John Cass, a merchant and landowner from
157:; 4 June 1860 – 15 April 1932) was an English society hostess,
1082:"New High Steward Of Colchester. Annie Lady Cowdray Elected".
1432:. Vol. 41–42. E. Durant and Company. 1932. p. 211.
680:"The Fairy Godmother of Nursing - First World War Centenary"
945:
Signed petition in "English Women in Plea for Disarming",
608:"Romantic Career of Late Lord Cowdray, His Huge Fortune",
494:
The Women's Suffrage Movement: A Reference Guide 1866-1928
962:, Liverpoole, Mercyside, England, pg. 6, 12 October 1921
624:
622:
620:
618:
217:
She and her husband donated Cowdray Hall to the city of
1250:"RELEASE: Cowdray Park - 13, 14 and 15 September 2011"
830:, London, Greater London, England, pg. 13, 30 May 1923
566:
Harris, Peter; Cogan, Dominic de (24 September 2015).
630:"Annie Cass - Mapping Memorials to Women in Scotland"
1522:
Dames Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire
975:, Newcastle Upon Tyne, England, pg. 4, 18 April 1923
856:, Newcastle Upon Tyne, England, pg. 6, 12 April 1923
1045:Andrews, Maggie; Muggeridge, Anna (21 March 2024).
407:
Dame Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire
124:
106:
95:
87:
68:
49:
23:
817:, Liverpool, Mercyside, England, pg. 4, 9 May 1924
534:
474:Norris, H. C., "Most Pitiful Thing in the World",
202:Mexican Gulf Coast. He also owned silver mines in
612:, Newcastle upon Tyne, England, pg. 1, 2 May 1927
869:, Chelmsford, Essex, England, pg. 7, 26 May 1922
843:, London, Greater, England, pg. 13, 20 June 1922
1225:"LARGEST COUNTRY HOUSE SALE OF THE YEAR IN UK"
478:, Tacoma, Washington, pg. 61, 14 February 1926
321:Lady Cowdray was a feminist and supporter of
257:. He is also recorded on the war memorial at
177:, serving from 1927 until her death in 1932.
8:
882:, Bristol, Avon, England, pg. 9, 11 May 1921
235:, who was influential in the development of
949:, Des Moines, Iowa, pg. 4, 29 October 1921
486:
484:
440:, and honoured in the Pearson memorial at
432:Lady Cowdray died on 15 April 1932 at the
41:
20:
1058:
604:
602:
600:
193:, and Hannah Gamble. In 1881 she married
936:, Manchester, England, pg. 5, 8 May 1923
731:"Oil and Revolution in Mexico "d0e1694""
491:Crawford, Elizabeth (2 September 2003).
470:
468:
466:
464:
423:
267:
932:"National Federation Meets in London",
890:
888:
839:"Women's World, London's Newest Club",
529:
527:
519:Weetman Pearson; First Viscount Cowdray
460:
996:from the original on 27 September 2017
958:"Women Liberals and Irish Prisoners",
323:Women's suffrage in the United Kingdom
854:North Mail, Newcastle Daily Chronicle
610:North Mail, Newcastle Daily Chronicle
283:Queen's Institute of District Nursing
185:Annie Pearson (née Cass) was born in
100:Weetman Pearson, 1st Viscount Cowdray
7:
1026:from the original on 11 October 2016
852:"Lady Bonham Carter's Appointment",
428:Family tomb of the Viscounts Cowdray
412:The poet, broadcaster and socialite
340:in Aberdeen. She was elected by the
243:Harold Pearson, 2nd Viscount Cowdray
111:Harold Pearson, 2nd Viscount Cowdray
325:. She was a member of the National
16:English philanthropist and feminist
144:Annie Pearson, Viscountess Cowdray
14:
895:Garner, Paul (9 September 2011).
710:Discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk
569:Studies in the History of Tax Law
1150:"Orpen in country house auction"
1100:"Sale of the century at Cowdray"
233:Gertrude Denman, Baroness Denman
119:Gertrude Denman, Baroness Denman
265:Viscount Cowdray died in 1927.
228:The couple had four children:
1483:The British Journal of Nursing
756:"AIM25 collection description"
382:Lady Cowdray's great-grandson
344:to succeed her husband as the
1:
1552:English women philanthropists
1444:Historic Environment Scotland
1401:Real Stories (31 July 2017).
1331:. 24 November 1931. p. 9
1060:10.1080/09612025.2024.2329454
1325:"JEWELS WORTH £8,000 STOLEN"
1577:Women's Engineering Society
331:Women's Engineering Society
1598:
1129:Paulfrasercollectibles.com
1088:. 2 June 1927. p. 13.
1016:"The Woman Engineer Vol 3"
986:"The Woman Engineer Vol 2"
960:Liverpool Post and Mercury
815:Liverpool Post and Mercury
659:Cotswolds-antiques-art.com
541:. ABC-CLIO. 2001. p.
346:High Steward of Colchester
327:Women's Liberal Federation
221:. In 1919 they moved into
175:High Steward of Colchester
171:Women's Liberal Federation
1572:Politicians from Bradford
1229:Antiquesandartireland.com
1104:Midhurstandpetworth.co.uk
922:– via Google Books.
903:Stanford University Press
593:– via Google Books.
336:Lady Cowdray served as a
239:for women in rural areas.
116:Francis Geoffrey Pearson
40:
1567:Royal College of Nursing
704:Archives, The National.
294:Royal College of Nursing
187:Bradford, West Yorkshire
165:and her work to promote
163:Royal College of Nursing
1547:English philanthropists
947:The Des Moines Register
934:Manchester Evening News
706:"The Discovery Service"
476:The Tacoma Daily Ledger
30:The Viscountess Cowdray
1051:Women's History Review
634:Womenofscotland.org.uk
429:
273:
134:Hannah Gamble (mother)
131:Sir John Cass (father)
114:Bernard Clive Pearson
102:(1881–1927; his death)
1527:British viscountesses
574:Bloomsbury Publishing
438:Saint-Germain-en-Laye
427:
390:. The duke's estate,
368:. She was painted by
342:Borough of Colchester
271:
197:, a third generation
826:"The Cowdray Club",
735:Publishing.cdlib.org
436:. She was buried at
63:, Yorkshire, England
26:The Right Honourable
1542:English art patrons
1532:English suffragists
880:Western Daily Press
828:The Daily Telegraph
442:Echt, Aberdeenshire
388:10th Duke of Atholl
370:John Singer Sargent
259:Echt, Aberdeenshire
255:Montreuil-aux-Lions
206:. He was created a
199:building contractor
181:Marriage and family
1557:English socialites
1339:– via Trove.
430:
274:
1537:English feminists
1357:. 6 November 2015
973:Evening Chronicle
409:in January 1932.
398:documentary film
374:Sir William Orpen
141:
140:
1589:
1582:Wives of knights
1496:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1486:: 165. June 1934
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517:Spender, J. A.,
515:
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488:
479:
472:
447:On 2 June 1934,
434:Hôtel Ritz Paris
420:Death and legacy
317:Political career
303:Cavendish Square
212:Viscount Cowdray
167:district nursing
75:
45:
21:
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905:. p. 251.
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416:was her niece.
414:Nadja Malacrida
405:She was made a
358:
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309:, and his wife
279:
249:Baron Brabourne
195:Weetman Pearson
183:
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1475:"Lady Cowdray"
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400:The Last Dukes
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