184:, the author of this language project. Seeing that even Schleyer himself was unable to speak VolapĂĽk fluently and that Grabowski and Schleyer had been forced to converse in German instead, Grabowski formed the conclusion that VolapĂĽk was unsuitable for everyday use. After this disappointment, Grabowski gave up his work on VolapĂĽk but maintained an active interest in the idea of an international
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Like
Zamenhof, Grabowski understood the important influence of literature on the development of languages, and especially for Esperanto, which by then was on the way to changing from a language project into a language which would be fully functional in all areas of life. Grabowski was already working
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Suffering from a chronic heart condition but unable to afford the necessary medical treatment, he lived at that time in oppressive poverty, and when his family returned after the end of the war, his body had become almost emaciated. Nevertheless, he continued his work on
Esperanto until his death in
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to give up the search to find regularity in naturalistic auxiliary languages and join him on his purely naturalistic project instead. Not long after, however, he gave up on the idea and adhered to the basic principles of
Esperanto as originally espoused by Zamenhof, the so-called
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Meanwhile, he continued his in-depth studies into chemical problems. He was known among experts in the field throughout Europe for a multitude of inventions and technological innovations. Grabowski published many articles, including some describing his inventions, in the journals
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Translation: ""Please take off the VolapĂĽk straitjacket which, as I attest to you with thanks, you have rid me of, please put off this systematic labour until the time you have printed much in modern Latin. How much we will then have benefitted from your eminent linguistic
176:. Apart from his mother tongue, he was eventually able to speak nine additional languages and passively to use at least another 15. With his linguistic background, Grabowski also became interested in the idea of an international language. Having learned
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In the years 1908–1914 Grabowski was in charge of the first
Esperanto courses for a few schools in Warsaw. In an article in 1908 he described what he saw as the exceptional suitability of Esperanto as an introduction to
355:. While working on his translation, which was precisely faithful to the original form, he put the latent potential of the planned language to the test, thereby giving significant impetus to the further development of
70:). Due to his parents' poverty, Grabowski had to start working soon after leaving elementary school. Nevertheless, he prepared himself, driven by a great desire to learn, to take the entrance exam for grammar school (
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Grabowski was a longstanding president of the Warsaw
Esperanto Society, founded in 1904, and of the Polish Esperanto Society, founded in 1908. In the same year he became director of the Grammar section of the
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During the early 1890s, Grabowski became unsatisfied by the slow spread of
Esperanto. Believing that "imperfections" in the language were responsible for the slow pace, he pleaded for reform. In a vote among
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that took place in 1894, however, he voted against changes to the language. For a number of years he worked on a planned language of his own he called "Modern Latin", advising his friend
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School in Thorn, after demonstrating a knowledge far exceeding others of his age, he twice skipped a grade. In 1879, the family's financial situation improved and, after his
220:. Impressed by the transparent structure of Esperanto and by its capacity for expression which, he thought, could be picked up astonishingly quickly, Grabowski traveled to
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representing 30 languages and cultures. Six of the poems were originally composed in
Esperanto. The remaining 110 were translated into Esperanto from other languages.
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172:). His endeavour was in no way limited to Polish language and literature; gradually he learnt a considerable number of languages and became a true
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to visit
Zamenhof, where the two held the first oral conversation in Esperanto.
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Dr. Esperanto's
International Language: Introduction & Complete Grammar
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Even at the university, Grabowski had developed a far-reaching
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El la klasika periodo de
Esperanto (Grabowski kaj Kabe)
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separated Grabowski from his family, who had fled to
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168:interest, joining the Slavic Literary Society (
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145:. A few years later (1906) he published his
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195:The plaque for Antoni Grabowski in Wrocław
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30:(11 June 1857 – 4 July 1921) was a Polish
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262:(1776), known in English both as
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491:Engineers from the German Empire
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204:In 1887 he studied the booklet
38:into a language of literature.
311:Propedeutic value of Esperanto
228:on this: in 1888 he published
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481:Polish–Esperanto translators
415:"Cosmoglotta A, 1927, p. 63"
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160:Disappointment with VolapĂĽk
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471:Polish chemical engineers
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200:Esperanto and literature
82:exam, Grabowski studied
16:Polish chemical engineer
290:Fundamento de Esperanto
258:'s German one-act play
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326:El Parnaso de Popoloj
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92:University of Breslau
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42:Education and career
476:Polish Esperantists
254:his translation of
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131:PrzeglÄ…d Techniczny
264:Brother and Sister
212:Ludwik L. Zamenhof
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115:Ivanovo-Voznesensk
56:Kingdom of Prussia
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307:language learning
299:Esperanto Academy
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103:chemical engineer
32:chemical engineer
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336:World War I
143:terminology
445:Categories
371:References
284:Occidental
154:dictionary
135:Ira Remsen
84:philosophy
76:Copernicus
48:Nowe Dobra
217:Esperanto
107:Zawiercie
72:Gymnasium
54:, in the
36:Esperanto
174:polyglot
166:literary
151:chemical
266:and as
246:and as
234:Pushkin
178:VolapĂĽk
96:Wrocław
90:at the
60:Prussia
52:Chełmno
365:Warsaw
340:Russia
315:French
256:Goethe
238:Метель
222:Warsaw
139:Polish
119:Moscow
80:Abitur
68:Poland
330:poems
319:Latin
309:(see
64:Toruń
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