Strategic lawsuit against public participation

1594:, represented the four defendants. The school district said that it has been harassed so often by Warren that it was not able to functionally educate its students. Toni Wayas, the school district's superintendent, claimed "that it had, time and time again, complied with the requests". The Goldwater Institute argued that the school district had been in violation of state laws mandating government transparency in the past. Investigations in 2002 and 2007 by the state Ombudsman and Attorney General uncovered violations of the state's open meeting law by the Attorney General's Office. According to Carrie Ann Sitren of the Goldwater Institute, this was "a clear attempt to silence people in the community who have been critical of the board's actions, and have made good-faith attempts to ensure the district is spending taxpayer money wisely". None of the records requested were private or confidential, and thus, should have been readily available to be released to the public, according to the assistant state Ombudsman. 1335:, that the website be shut down. The foundation claimed that rettspraksis.no had "developed or used software to systematically download rulings from Lovdatas online services" in order to publish the rulings in violation of Lovdata's rights according to the Norwegian Copyright Act section 43, the Database Rights Section. The District Court granted the injunction without a hearing based on finding that the volunteer actions was in violation of section 43, and that the publication on rettspraksis.no would enable other commercial actors to exploit the material in violation of Lovdata's rights even if the project itself did not. A postjudgement hearing on 30 and 31 August 2018 resulted in a reduction in the injunction's effects, most significantly that the Database Rights Section did not extend to rulings published before 2005. Appeals from Ljone and Wium Lie to the Appeals Court and the Supreme Court were denied. 908:

against both named and anonymous residents who were critical of the local government. After the mayor and a number of councilors lost the election the new town council cut public funding for the private lawsuit and they issued a formal apology to the defendants. Almost one year after the town cut funding and after Morris lost a Norwich motion, Morris discontinued her case. The discontinuance cost decision delivered by Master Hawkins reads, per para. 32 (Ontario Superior court of Justice court file no.10-CV-412021): "Because I regard this action as SLAPP litigation designed to stifle debate about Mayor Morris' fitness for office, commenced during her re-election campaign, I award Johnson and Hogg special enhanced costs as was done in

734:, for over A$ 7.8 million. The defendants have become collectively known as the "Gunns 20". Gunns claimed that the defendants sullied its reputation and caused it to lose jobs and profits. The defendants claimed that they are protecting the environment. Opponents and critics of the case have suggested that the writ was filed with the intent to discourage public criticism of the company. Gunns has maintained the position that they were merely trying to prevent parties enjoined to the writ from undertaking unlawful activities that disrupt their business. The statement of claim alleged incidents of assault against forestry workers and vandalism. At a hearing before the 924:. Muddy Waters had accused Sino-Forest of fraudulently inflating its assets and earnings, and had claimed the company's shares were essentially worthless. However, on 10 January 2012, Sino-Forest announced that its historic financial statements and related audit reports should not be relied upon. Sino-forest also filed for bankruptcy protection. In response to the lawsuit, Muddy Waters stated that Sino's bankruptcy protection filing vindicated its accusations since the company would not require bankruptcy protection if it was really generating close to $ 2 billion in cash flow. Sino-Forest was represented by 1451:. The September 1981 demonstration involved tens of thousands of people. The County was dismissed from the case by the trial judge, and lost on appeal for recovery of police costs (including in part because such costs are intended to be covered by taxes). In 1985, the Supreme Court of California declined to block a lower court ruling that allowed PLF to sue "leaders of the demonstration costs associated with the protest", which defendants said was an attempt to chill dissent. Pacific Legal Foundation lost at every court level and withdrew the suit the day before it was due to be heard by the 650:, is protected by state and federal constitutions in a variety of ways. In most states, the right to trial by jury in civil cases is recognized. The right to cross-examine witnesses is considered fundamental to the American judicial system. Moreover, the first amendment protects the right to petition the government for a redress of grievances. The "right to petition extends to all departments of the Government. The right of access to the courts is indeed but one aspect of the right of petition." Because "the right to petition is 'among the most precious of the liberties safeguarded by the 1806:, Mair Strategies LLC, and the people behind the parody Twitter accounts "Devin Nunes' Cow" (@DevinCow) and "Devin Nunes' Mom" (@DevinNunesMom), seeking $ 250 million in damages. The lawsuit has been described by legal experts as a SLAPP. The suit was filed in Virginia, a state known to have weak anti-SLAPP laws, rather than in California, where Nunes lives and where Twitter is headquartered, which has strong anti-SLAPP laws. In April 2019, Nunes filed, again in Virginia, a defamation suit against 890:

were involved in a conspiracy to, among other things, have Youthdale's licence to operate revoked. Youthdale also claimed their reputation was damaged as a result of various actions by the named defendants, which Youthdale alleged included the creation of websites and blogs containing complaints against Youthdale, including alleged accusations of unlawful administration of psychotropic medications. A notable left-turn for Youthdale occurred in July 2010, when Youthdale became the subject of a

314:. The defendants' application to dismiss the action against them was dismissed. The defendants failed to meet the burden of proof required by the PPPA, that the plaintiffs had no reasonable prospect of success. While it was not the subject of the case, some felt that the plaintiffs did not bring their action for an improper purpose, and the suit did not inhibit the defendants in their public criticism of the particular project, and that the Act was, therefore, ineffective in this case. 617:. The statute expressly applies to any writing or speech made in connection with an issue under consideration or review by a legislative, executive, or judicial proceeding, or any other official proceeding authorized by law, but there is no requirement that the writing or speech be promulgated directly to the official body. It also applies to speech in a public forum about an issue of public interest and to any other petition or speech conduct about an issue of public interest. 1170:, Grigoris Dimitriadis (also a close relative of Kyriakos Mitsotakis) resigned from office. Grigoris Dimitriadis filed lawsuits against two journalists who had helped uncover the scandal, Thodoris Chondrogiannos and Nikolas Leontopoulos, demanding 150,000 euros as damages for false publications and the removal of those publications, but also against Thanassis Koukakis, a journalist who during 2021 was spied upon because of his investigations on Greek businessmen. 1486:

standards and licensing requirements for guardians ad litem, who represent the interests of children in court cases. The retaliatory SLAPPs have been dragging on for nearly 10 years, with judgments totaling more than $ 11 million against the co-defendants collectively. Reflecting the retaliatory nature of these suits, at least one of the co-defendants is still waiting to find out from the judges which particular statements, if any, he made were false.

1694: 1060:, and the newspaper published a clarification online that Pehk's words were misinterpreted. Few months later Pro Kapital sued Pehk for damaging their reputation by spreading lies about the detailed plan of the Kalasadam area. Teele Pehk had been involved with the detailed plan of Kalasadam since 2011, as a member of the neighbourhood association Telliskivi selts and caretaker of the Kalarand beach, situated on the edge of the Kalasadam area. 913:

Master Hawkins cost ruling delivered in January 2013) and approximately one year after suing the town, Morris amended her statement of claim to note that her legal costs were actually $ 27,821.46 and not the $ 250,000 as noted in the initial statement of claim. Morris then attempted to move the case to small claims court after the town had already spent over $ 150,000 in preparing its defense. As of the summer of 2015 the case is ongoing.

1703: 218:. The term was originally defined as "a lawsuit involving communications made to influence a governmental action or outcome, which resulted in a civil complaint or counterclaim filed against nongovernment individuals or organizations on a substantive issue of some public interest or social significance." The concept's originators later dropped the notion that government contact had to be about a public issue to be protected by the 866:, upheld the rights of online debaters to link freely to third parties without fear of liability for contents at the other end of the link. A number of related rulings had previously established that transient comments on the Internet could not be, in themselves, simply printed and used to prove that "publication" had occurred for purposes of libel and defamation law in Canada. Other elements of the ruling clarified how 978: 738:, an amended statement of claim lodged by the company and served on defendants on 1 July 2005, was dismissed. However, the judge in the case granted the company leave to lodge a third version of their statement of claim with the court no later than 15 August 2005. The application continued before the court, before being brought to a close on 20 October 2006. In his ruling, Justice 310:, the Protection of Public Participation Act (PPPA) went into effect in British Columbia in April 2001. The legislation was repealed in August 2001. There was extensive debate on its merits and the necessity of having hard criteria for judges and whether this tended to reduce or increase process abuse. The debate was largely formed by the first case to discuss and apply the PPPA, 642:, the world has recognized the importance of justice in a free society. "To no one will we sell, to no one will we refuse or delay, right or justice." (Magna Carta, 1215.) This nation's founding fathers knew people would never consent to be governed and surrender their right to decide disputes by force, unless government offered a just forum for resolving those disputes. 1516:, in Gwinnett County (Georgia) Superior Court; case 01-A-13269-1. She had been sued based on comments she made to an internet forum after a news program had aired critical of the AHS. In part, the judge ruled that private citizens do not need to investigate news coverage before they make their own comments on it, and that governmental entities may not sue for defamation. 1116:, a naturopathy whistleblower. The lawsuit was filed for Hermes' blog post criticizing Huber for using naturopathic remedies to treat cancer and speculating that Hermes' name was being used without her permission in several registered domain names owned by Huber. The lawsuit was filed in Kiel, Germany where Hermes was residing to pursue her PhD in 349:) proposed a "Protection of Public Participation Act" to dismiss proceedings or claims brought or maintained for an improper purpose, awarding punitive or exemplary damages (effectively, a "SLAPP back") and protection from liability for communication or conduct which constitutes public participation. The bill did not progress beyond first reading. 303:(see B.C.J. No. 3100 (B.C. S.C.)) (QL), where the British Columbia Supreme Court struck out the claim of a hospital director against the District of Saanich, holding that it was a meritless action designed to silence or intimidate the residents who were opposed to the plaintiff's plan to redevelop the hospital facilities. 1481:. (The NY state court report's committee cited a previous New York City Commissioner of Consumer Protection report as a "major" reason for its study. Karen Winner was the author of the earlier study.) But in 1999, Winner, along with a psychologist/whistleblower, and several citizens were SLAPPed for criticizing the 1485:

system and a former judge in South Carolina. Winner's report, "Findings on Judicial Practices & Court-appointed Personnel in the Family Courts in Dorchester, Charleston & Berkeley Counties, South Carolina" and citizen demonstrations led to the first laws in South Carolina to establish minimum

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and its reporters and managers for ₪5 million in damages due to an alleged libel in an in-depth TV news item and interview with the court appointed liquidator of his companies, and has threatened to sue additional bodies. The sued individuals and bodies have claimed that these are SLAPP actions.

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to delay a city council meeting which was to discuss a major spending scandal. As the parties involved needed an opportunity to seek legal advice, regardless of the merit (or spuriousness) of the claims, this tactic served to defer a key debate which otherwise would have, and should have, taken place

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2011 BCSC 1344 per Bruce J. at para. 31 (B.C.S.C)." Morris subsequently sued the town for $ 250,000 in the spring of 2013 to recover her legal costs for the period after the town cut funding of her case. Almost one and a half years after the final ruling in the Morris defamation case (i.e. the second

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of Toronto, Ontario filed a defamation suit against various former patients, parents of former patients, and other persons, claiming C$ 5 million in damages. The lawsuit, filed on 5 May 2010, on behalf of Youthdale by Harvin Pitch and Jennifer Lake of Teplitsky, Colson LLP, claimed that these persons

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made an award of costs in favour of the respondents only as far as it covered those costs incurred with striking out the third version of the statement of claim, and costs incurred associated with their application for costs. In November 2006, Gunns dropped the case against Helen Gee, Peter Pullinger

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In June 2013, the Attorney General introduced legislation to implement the recommendations of the report. The bill proposed a mechanism for an order to dismiss strategic lawsuits which attack free expression on matters of public interest, with full costs (but not punitive damages) and on a relatively

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critics, appeals on minor points of law, and demands for broad rulings when appeal is accepted on such minor points of law. In some instances it is clear that plaintiffs are attempting to drain defendants of their financial resources by making the lawsuit as costly as possible, and in these cases the

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In 2010 and 2011, a French blogger was summoned twice by the communication company Cometik (NOVA-SEO) over exposing their quick-selling method (also known as one shot method) and suggesting a financial compensation for his first trial. The company's case was dismissed twice, but appealed both times.

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This case took place at the end of the 12-year process of planning the Kalasadam area, which over the years had witnessed exceptionally high public interest regarding the planned residential development and most importantly, the public use of the seaside and the beach. The planning system in Estonia

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The SLAPP penalty stands as a barrier to access to the courts by providing an early penalty to claimants who seek judicial redress. In recent years, the courts in some states have recognized that enforcement of SLAPP legislation must recognize and balance the constitutional rights of both litigants.

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said, "the Ministry of Justice is monitoring SLAPP threats against journalists and announced that the UK will be a member of the Council of Europe’s inaugural working group on SLAPPs with an anti-SLAPP draft recommendation for member states due in December 2023. I will be giving SLAPPs in UK courts

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Half a year into the court case, Pro Kapital began negotiations and settled with a compromise before the court hearing. Pro Kapital paid for Pehk's legal costs and both parties agreed not to disparage each other in the future. Teele Pehk is still active in Tallinn urban development and continues to

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have enacted statutory protections against SLAPPs. These states are Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Missouri, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York,

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Other widely mentioned elements of a SLAPP are the actual effectiveness at silencing critics, the timing of the suit, inclusion of extra or spurious defendants (such as relatives or hosts of legitimate defendants), inclusion of plaintiffs with no real claim (such as corporations that are affiliated

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Belgian law recognizes the concept of "tergend geding" (bullying litigation), any litigation of which the underlying aim is to cause discomfort to the opposing party, and hence increase the possibility of its redrawal from the lawsuit. Qualification of litigation as such by a judge can lead to its

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Hermano Albuquerque de Castro from Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health (ENSP – Fiocruz). Then TKCSA sued Alexandre Pessoa Dias, research professor of the Joaquim Venâncio Polytechnic School of Health (EPSJV – Fiocruz), and Monica Cristina Lima, a biologist from Pedro Ernesto University

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for those who sincerely believe they have been wronged, regardless of ulterior motives. Hence, the difficulty in drafting SLAPP legislation, and in applying it, is to craft an approach which affords an early termination to invalid, abusive suits, without denying a legitimate day in court to valid

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and $ 300,000 in attorney's fees to Neal Rauhauser for filing a series of baseless lawsuits against him. The ruling was temporarily reversed when the presiding judge granted McGibney's request for a new trial in February 2016, but reinstated in favor of Rauhasuer on 14 April 2016, with the SLAPP

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By the nature of their subject matter, anti-SLAPP statutes require meticulous drafting. On the one hand, it is desirable to seek to shield citizens from improper intimidation when exercising their constitutional right to be heard with respect to issues of public concern. On the other hand, it is

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incidents, both relatively uncommon in Canada, have been called SLAPPs, because such suits load defendants with costs of responding in unfamiliar jurisdictions or at times (typically elections) when they are extremely busy and short of funds. Both types of suit are unusual in Canada, so there is

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Judge J. Nicholas Colabella said in reference to SLAPPs: "Short of a gun to the head, a greater threat to First Amendment expression can scarcely be imagined." In the United States a number of jurisdictions have made such suits illegal, however the conditions that a defendant must satisfy for a

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22 October 2012, ONSC 5824 (CanLII): During the final weeks of the 2010 municipal election in Aurora, Ontario, a group of town councilors and the incumbent Mayor Phyllis Morris agreed to use town funds to launch what was later referenced as a private lawsuit fronted by the Mayor, seeking $ 6M,

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The original conceptualization proffered by Canan and Pring emphasized the right to petition as protected in the United States under the US Constitution's specific protection in the First Amendment's fifth clause. It is still definitional: SLAPPs are civil lawsuits filed against those who have

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on the grounds that the case involves protected speech on a matter of public concern. The plaintiff then bears the burden of showing a probability that they will prevail. If the plaintiffs fail to meet the burden, their claim is dismissed and the plaintiffs may be required to pay a penalty for

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have argued repeatedly for a broad understanding of SLAPP and a broad interpretation of judicial powers especially in intervener applications in BC and other common law jurisdictions and when arguing for new legislation to prevent SLAPPs. The activist literature contains extensive research on

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Hospital and board member of the Public University Workers Union of Rio de Janeiro State (Sintuperj). The last two lawsuits occurred after the disclosure of the technical report "Evaluation of social, environmental and health impacts caused by the setup and operation of TKCSA in Santa Cruz".

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Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, and Washington. In West Virginia, the courts have adopted protections against SLAPPs. These laws vary dramatically in scope and level of protection and the remaining states lack specific protections.

271:(ACT) protects conduct intended to influence public opinion or promote or further action in relation to an issue of public interest. A party starting or maintaining a proceeding against a defendant for an improper purpose may be ordered to pay a financial penalty to the Territory. 463:

documenting the relationship between Canadian mining corporations, armed conflict and political actors in Africa was never published as part of a settlement which, according to the authors, was only made for the sole purpose of resolving the three-and-a-half-year legal battle.

454:) that it should not face Ontario liability for a publication in Quebec, as the suit was a SLAPP and the Quebec law explicitly provided to dismiss these. The court denied the request, ruling it had jurisdiction. A separate 2011 decision in Quebec Superior Court had ruled that 1068:

allows anyone to express their opinion, present suggestions or objections to any detailed plan. Many Estonian civic organisations were raising concerned voices about the case and the Chancellor for Justice of Estonia condemned that practice many times in public appearances.

901:, a BC court ruled that "an order for special costs acts as a deterrent to litigants whose purpose is to interfere with the democratic process", and that "Public participation and dissent is an important part of our democratic system." However, such awards remained rare. 666:

important that such statutes be limited in scope lest the constitutional right of access to the courts (whether by private figures, public figures, or public officials) be improperly thwarted. There is a genuine double-edged challenge to those who legislate in this area.

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passed a resolution expressed "its continued deep concern about the state of media freedom within the EU in the context of the abuses and attacks still being perpetrated against journalists and media workers in some Member States because of their work" and called on the

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O.J. No. 3855 Ont. Ct. Gen. Div. (QL) was instructive on SLAPPs. A motion brought by the corporate plaintiff Daishowa to impose conditions on the defendant Friends of the Lubicon Indian Band that they would not represent Daishowa's action as a SLAPP was dismissed.

1560:, a Florida man named Christopher Comins filed a defamation suit against a University of Florida graduate student after the student blogged about a video of Comins repeatedly shooting someone's pet dogs. This was cited as an example of a SLAPP by the radio show 1410:

Ministers later said that they would reform the legal system to prevent "intimidation lawsuits"; amendments to this effect were proposed for an anti-corruption economic crime bill before Parliament in March 2022. In October 2023, royal assent was given to the

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In November 2010, filmmaker Fredrik Gertten, as defendant, won an anti-SLAPP motion after he was sued for defamation by Dole Fruit Company. The case concerned Gertten's documentary film about farm workers. The lengthy lawsuit was documented in Gertten's film

1739:. The lawsuit alleged Ken Ward Jr. posted libelous statements on his blog. Murray claims the blog post entitled "Mitt Romney, Murray Energy and Coal Criminals" has damaged his business, reputation, and has jeopardized the jobs Murray Energy provides in 690:

words. Constitutional law has provided substantive protection which bars recovery against a first amendment defense except upon clear and convincing evidence that there has been deliberate or reckless falsehood. For this reason, ferreting out the

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sanction against McGibney reduced from $ 1 million to $ 150,000. The judge ruled that McGibney had filed the suits to willfully and maliciously injure Rauhauser and to deter him from exercising his constitutional right to criticize McGibney.

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urgent consideration. I want to make it clear that the Government are committed to a robust defence of transparency and freedom of speech. We will not tolerate anything that risks tarnishing the integrity of our judicial and legal profession".

2268:"For some plaintiffs, the prospect of court victory may not be primary. Instead, the goal may be to force the defendant to spend both time and money by making the court fight as prolonged and expensive as possible." 695:

SLAPP claim at an early stage of litigation should be accomplished with relative ease. Extension of the SLAPP penalties to factually complex cases, where the substantive standard of proof at common law is lower presents special challenges.

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that was used in the Oliver show, with the explanation that "it should be remembered that truth is an absolute defense to a claim of defamation". On 11 August 2017, a federal district court judge ruled that Murray Energy suits against

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and HBO could each proceed in a lower state court. The suit against HBO was dismissed with prejudice on 21 February 2018. In November 2019, John Oliver discussed the implications of the lawsuit (and of SLAPP suits in general) on his

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editors, Pro Kapital sent a legal demand to Pehk demanding that she publish a pre-written explanation and pay €500 to cover their legal advice expenses. Pehk provided proof to the lawyer that she had not lied to the journalist of

654:', ... the right of access to the courts shares this 'preferred place' in hierarchy of constitutional freedoms and values." This balancing question is resolved differently in different states, often with substantial difficulty. 1418:

In February 2024, the Conservative government under Rishi Sunak supported legislation to extend anti-SLAPP protections in all cases whatsoever, but this was not passed before the 4 July 2024 election ended Sunak's government.

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had to pay $ 143,000 to the book's three authors and publisher, Les Éditions Écosociété Inc., to prepare their defence in a "seemingly abusive" strategic lawsuit against public participation. Despite the Québec ruling, a book

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in terms of its significance in the development of democratic institutions. As currently conceived, the right claims that democracy cannot properly function in the presence of barriers between the governed and the governing.

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The Legislature finds and declares that it is in the public interest to encourage continued participation in matters of public significance, and that this participation should not be chilled through abuse of the judicial

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vote in 2005. This, the Liberals and most commentators and authorities agreed, would be a serious crime if proven. Harper alleged the tape had been altered but a court found no evidence of this. The suit was dropped by

5652: 5525: 163:(criticism of the political actions or views of others) have ceased to exist in most places, but persist in some jurisdictions (notably British Columbia and Ontario) where political views can be held as defamatory. 1761:

collapse in Utah in 2007, and expressed the opinion that Murray did not do enough to protect his miners' safety. Three days later, Murray and his companies brought suit against Oliver, the show's writers, HBO, and

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with legitimate plaintiffs), making claims that are very difficult to disprove or rely on no written record, ambiguous or deliberately mangled wording that lets plaintiffs make spurious allegations without fear of

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1995, was held explicitly to be a SLAPP, the first known case to be so described. Justice Singh found plaintiff's conduct to be "reprehensible and deserving of censure", ordering he pay "special costs" (page 48,

3417:"780 F.2d 1422: Rondell Harrison and Sharon Harrison, Appellants, v. Springdale Water & Sewer Commission, Mcgoodwin, Williams & Yates, Inc., Walter Turnbow, Larry Clinkscales and Harold Henson, Appellees" 1579:

In an effort to prevent four women from filing any Public Records Requests without first getting permission from a judge, or from filing future lawsuits, the Congress Elementary School District filed the lawsuit

1351:. The main characteristic of these cases were quick trials and extremely high fines, most of which were unaffordable for journalists and their media houses. While SLAPP cases became, more or less, rare after the 1774:

filed an amicus brief in support of HBO in the case; the brief has been described as "hilarious" and the "snarkiest legal brief ever". The brief also included a comparison of Murray with the fictional character

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On March 6, 2024, Chutima Sidasathian won a SLAPP suit against Thanonthorn Kaveekitrattana, after facing defamation charges for a 2022 post exposing misappropriation of funds from the Village Fund program.

1553:, visitor counter, and 30-day trial period. This was dismissed as a SLAPP by a California judge in late 2009. In the resulting ruling, MagicJack was made responsible for most of Boing Boing's legal costs. 496:

to "establish minimum standards against SLAPP practices across the EU". In 2021 the European Union was considering adopting an anti-SLAPP directive to protect the freedom of speech of European citizens.

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Kim Shewalter and other neighborhood activists, as defendants, won a 1998 anti-SLAPP motion against apartment building owners. The owners had filed a SLAPP because of the defendants' protest activities.

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dismissal of the suit vary from state to state. In some states, such as California, defendants may be entitled to counter-sue SLAPP plaintiffs under some circumstances. This is commonly referred to as

835:, the Official Opposition, after the latter paid for trucks to drive through the streets playing a journalist's tape of Harper admitting he knew of "financial considerations" offered to dying MP 751:. The other matters were all settled in favour of Gunns following the payment of more than $ 150,000 in damages or, in some cases, undertakings to the court not to protest at certain locations. 805:", were entitled to recover court costs due to the public interest in the criticism, even if it was rhetorically unjustifiable. This was the first case to establish clearly the SLAPP criteria. 1291:, but he appealed and won. Oricon did not appeal later. His 33-month struggle against Oricon and his research on SLAPPs through his self-expense trip in the United States was featured on the 3721: 4242: 1124:

speculates that this is "due to good old forum shopping for a more plaintiff-friendly jurisdiction" as there are no protections against SLAPP lawsuits in Germany. Britt Hermes is a notable

2722: 1648:" refers to a number of disputes relating to the Church of Scientology's efforts to suppress material critical of Scientology on the Internet through the use of lawsuits and legal threats. 4599: 4543: 6522: 479:, as the standard for balancing free speech versus reputation rights. The Supreme Court of Canada in October 2011, ruling in that case, neither reiterated nor rescinded that standard. 5492: 894:

investigation, in which it was found that Youthdale had been admitting children to its Secure Treatment Unit that did not have mental disorders. The case has since been dismissed.

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In 2016, the real-estate investment company Pro Kapital Ltd sued urbanist Teele Pehk who expressed her opinion about the company's development plans in the Kalasadam area of

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In August 2015, the State Fair of Texas was sanctioned more than $ 75,000 for filing a SLAPP suit against a lawyer who had requested financial documents from the State Fair.

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Barry King and another Internet poster, as defendants, won an anti-SLAPP motion against corporate plaintiffs based on critical posts on an Internet financial message board.

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for that party, interfering with an organization's ability to operate. A SLAPP may also intimidate others from participating in the debate. A SLAPP is often preceded by a

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The Quebec law is substantially different in structure than that of California or other jurisdictions, however, as Quebec's Constitution generally subordinates itself to

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that she had won her case on 24 May 2019. According to Britt Hermes, "the court ruled that my post is protected speech under Article 5 (1) of the German constitution".

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Corporation sued Bradley D. Jones, the webmaster of RadioShackSucks.com and a former RadioShack dealer for 17 years, in an attempt to suppress online discussion of a

5347: 6476: 5975: 4039: 3083: 3032: 2240:"The strength of a SLAPP lawsuit is in its capacity to tie the defendants up in legal manoeuvring, prolong the litigation, and drain resources." 3859: 3837: 5678: 3999: 170:, wherein plaintiffs find courts that are more favourable towards the claims to be brought than the court in which the defendant (or sometimes plaintiffs) live. 4769: 4215: 1814:, after it published a story about investors in his winery partying on a yacht with cocaine and prostitutes. Nunes has since filed defamation lawsuits against 4479: 3496: 1962: 226:. It has since been defined less broadly by some states, and more broadly in one state (California) where it includes suits about speech on any public issue. 3586: 1534:

prevailed in an anti-SLAPP motion in 2009 after he was sued for libel by a watercraft retailer. The case received national attention for its suggestion that

801:: From 1995 to 1998 a series of judgements (OJ 1536 1995, OJ 1429 1998 (ONGD)) established that defendants, who had accused a global company of engaging in " 401: 178:, refusal to consider any settlement (or none other than cash), characterization of all offers to settle as insincere, extensive and unnecessary demands for 95:

and are often difficult to filter out and penalize because the plaintiffs attempt to obfuscate their intent to censor, intimidate, or silence their critics.

3185: 686:, especially public speech which addresses matters of public concern. The common law in many states requires the pleader to state accurately the content of 123:

claims. Anti-SLAPP laws are generally considered to have a favorable effect, and many lawyers have fought to enact stronger laws protecting against SLAPPs.

3637: 2384: 1470: 84: 5093:"Atlanta Humane Society v. Harkins, Atlanta Humane Society et al. v. Harkins, Atlanta Humane Society et al. v. Mills. Nos. S04G0613, S04G0684, S04G0685" 2967: 1042:, Estonia. The accusations were based on an interview given for the article "The battle for the Estonian coastline", published by the monthly newspaper 4659: 1527:

lawsuit in which more than 3,300 current or former RadioShack managers were alleging the company required them to work long hours without overtime pay.

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Atlantic Steel Company (TKCSA), one of the largest private enterprises in Latin America, sued Brazilian researchers from public universities as UERJ (

5465: 5030: 4729: 537:. Like many state anti-SLAPP laws, H.R. 4364 would allow the defendant of a SLAPP to have the suit quickly dismissed and to recover fees and costs. 389: 365:

By 2010, the Ontario Attorney-General had issued a major report which identified SLAPP as a major problem but initially little to nothing was done.

3058: 1415:. The final Act includes anti-SLAPP provisions covering economic crimes (e.g. corruption, embezzlement), but does not venture beyond those areas. 3279: 2730: 2544: 2781: 4135: 1255:

Inc., Japan's music chart provider, sued freelance journalist Hiro Ugaya due to his suggesting in an article for business and culture magazine

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In May 2015, the Washington Supreme Court struck down the state's 2010 anti-SLAPP statute. However, in 2021, a new anti-SLAPP law was enacted.

373: 219: 155:, meaning that once someone alleges a statement is libelous, the burden is on the defendant to prove that it is not. In England and Wales, the 6464: 6301: 6151: 5932: 5893: 4876: 4020: 3773: 3613: 3380: 3006: 2874: 2452: 2425: 2322: 2261: 2233: 2199: 2052: 102:, some jurisdictions have passed anti-SLAPP laws (often called SLAPP-back laws). These laws often function by allowing a defendant to file a 2137: 1582: 1352: 6040: 5851: 4521: 3397:"California Motor Transport Co. et al. v. Trucking Unlimited et al. Certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit" 2014: 385: 5870: 2092: 852:

as Leader of the Opposition, and so was not heard in court, but was transparently a (successful) effort to get the trucks off the streets.

83:, or simple exhaustion and abandons the criticism. In some cases, repeated frivolous litigation against a defendant may raise the cost of 6068: 5502: 4918: 3662: 2341: 1854: 1601: 1344: 2911: 2744: 6502: 6204: 5822: 5785: 5619: 5558: 1858: 1753:

following the show's attempt to obtain comment about the coal industry. The show went ahead with the episode (18 June), in which host

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In December 2010, prominent foreclosure defense attorney Matthew Weidner was sued by Nationwide Title, a foreclosure processing firm.

6326: 6092: 3657: 1025: 921: 3300: 1276:

50 million and apology from him. He found allies in the magazine's editor-in-chief Tadashi Ibi, lawyer Kentaro Shirosaki, and

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filed numerous suits against critics of their business activities. These received much publicity but were usually settled quickly.

5586: 4614: 2161: 1969: 1623: 1395: 523: 159:

removed most of the uses of defamation as a SLAPP by requiring the proof of special damage. Various abuses of this law including

4110: 5972: 5183:"Court: Radio Talk Show Host's Statements Not Actionable: Panel Concludes Reasonable Listeners Would Consider Comments Opinion" 1788: 1645: 776: 597:

California has a unique variant of anti-SLAPP legislation. In 1992 California enacted Code of Civil Procedure § 425.16, a

103: 5440: 2659: 2042: 579:; proponents of federal legislation have argued that the uncertainty about one's level of protection has likely magnified the 329:

In March 2019, the legislature voted unanimously to pass another anti-SLAPP bill, the Protection of Public Participation Act.

5324: 4893: 2700: 1619: 1003: 475:

applies. That treaty only permits liability for arbitrary and unlawful speech. The ICCPR has also been cited, in the BC case

288:

little academic concern or examination of whether political subject matter or remote forums are a clear indicator of SLAPP.

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have developed in the United States to create a high substantive burden to tort and tort-like claims which seek redress for

559:

circuits have allowed litigants from Maine, Louisiana, and California, respectively, to use their state's special motion in

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decisions by publishing a large back catalogue of historical decisions. To prevent publication, the government-established

5704: 5355: 2571: 670:

The most challenging balancing problem arises in application to SLAPP claims which do not sound (give rise to a claim) in

4993:

William J. Cook, "Final Reply Brief of Appellant/Respondent Ernie Weaver in the Charleston County case", 2001-CP-10-2967.

423:

Québec's then Justice Minister, Jacques Dupuis, proposed an anti-SLAPP bill on 13 June 2008. The bill was adopted by the

6471: 5271: 5187: 3936: 3093: 651: 560: 323: 264: 3685: 6124: 5904: 4427:[Channel2 News: 'Bramly's lawsuit is misguided attempt to divert attention from the suspicions against him']. 3890: 3329: 1827: 424: 5865: 4158: 3115: 1677:

against the blogger, a public apology, acknowledgement that he was not involved in the rape, and $ 25,000 in damages.

988: 2801: 291:

Canada's three most populous provinces (Quebec, British Columbia, and Ontario) have enacted anti-SLAPP legislation.

6517: 6512: 5052: 4903: 4489: 3507: 1712: 1618:

and publishing encryption and signing keys for various layers of the system's architecture. The defendants and the

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intended to frustrate SLAPPs by providing a quick and inexpensive defense. It provides for a special motion that a

547:

The extent to which state laws apply in federal courts is unclear, and the circuits are split on the question. The

230:

communicated to government officialdom (in its entire constitutional apparatus). The right to petition, granted by

4000:"Everybody is suing everybody: A guide to whom is threatening whom with legal action in Toronto's political scene" 1007: 992: 6532: 6403: 6338: 6199: 4898: 4484: 3642: 2156: 1839: 1736: 1448: 1356: 1292: 1277: 886: 735: 727: 2360: 427:

on 3 June 2009. Quebec's amended Code of Civil Procedure was the first anti-SLAPP mechanism in force in Canada.

6209: 6033: 4600:"Serbia's fall on media freedom list: "If it continues like this, there will no longer be anything to measure"" 4294: 3970: 2392: 1429: 592: 519: 393: 114:

Anti-SLAPP laws sometimes come under criticism from those who believe that there should not be barriers to the

5202:

United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit; Anna J. Brown, District Judge, Presiding (7 July 2008).

4744: 4690: 1268:

that the company was fiddling its statistics to benefit certain management companies and labels, specifically

338: 5161: 2486: 5530: 2891: 1983: 1835: 1731: 1587: 1572: 1320: 859: 832: 780: 431: 415:

as Bill 52, and on 3 November 2015, Ontario enacted it as the Protection of Public Participation Act, 2015.

195: 3716: 3416: 3342: 6398: 6374: 6296: 5563: 5038: 4795: 1882: 1194:

who publicly accused the company of having a toxic work environment and unethical business practices. The

1121: 879: 541: 242: 5407: 4822: 4660:"Thailand: Judicial harassment against community rights and anti-corruption activist Chutima Sidasathian" 2763:"Letter Minister John Gerretson, Attorney General: Bill 83, Protection of Public Participation Act, 2013" 1348: 6459: 6194: 6146: 6134: 6129: 5272:"Dole Fruit Company Inc. v. Fredrik Gertten et.al., Superior Court of California, County of Los Angeles" 5203: 3232: 2679: 2106: 1928: 1872: 1823: 1669:'s website from allowing allegedly defamatory posts about their son, two parents of a teenaged boy from 1666: 1611: 1474: 1269: 412: 377: 3910: 2864:"Les Editions Ecosociete Inc., Alain Deneault, Delphine Abadie and William Sacher v. Banro Corporation" 1363:, the most influential figure of the regime, and he is often accused of suppression of media freedoms. 5381: 5002:

Final Reply Brief of Appellant/Respondent Ernie Weaver in the Charleston County case, 2001-CP-10-2967.

1842:

passed bills intended to discourage future SLAPPs in the state by strengthening defendant protections.

6433: 6423: 6418: 6379: 6364: 6236: 6109: 6080: 5298: 2899: 1943: 1938: 1923: 1758: 1740: 1498: 1316: 1284: 1239: 439: 211: 132: 5073: 443: 6369: 6087: 6026: 3895: 2941: 1360: 1332: 1167: 1149: 1129: 875: 858:, filed May 2006 , and a series of related suits leading to a unanimous October 2011 ruling by the 493: 488: 156: 148: 5246: 3623: 6413: 6391: 6141: 5679:"Devin Nunes' Virginia SLAPP Suits Causing Virginia Legislators To Consider A New Anti-SLAPP Law" 5624: 4633: 4375: 4216:"Boon for locked down kids or 'marketing hype'? Decoding WhiteHat Jr's legal brawls with critics" 3618: 2365: 1918: 1782: 1670: 1466: 1452: 1444: 1296: 1262: 1231: 1223: 1166:, the executive director of NIS, Grigoris Kontoleon, and the Secretary General to prime minister 1125: 1113: 679: 231: 187:

plaintiff's motive may not be legal victory, but merely to waste the defendant's time and money.

140: 2596: 2515: 2077:. Vol. 820. Parliament of the United Kingdom: House of Lords. 18 March 2022. col. 571. 821: 5526:"Judge sanctions State Fair of Texas after it sued lawyer who wants to see Big Tex's checkbook" 4544:"Norwegian Court Orders Website Of Public Domain Court Decisions Shut Down With No Due Process" 4268: 3133: 2614: 2114: 1492:, as plaintiff, lost a 2003 SLAPP motion after she sued an aerial photographer involved in the 6527: 6507: 6331: 6266: 6251: 6214: 6119: 6104: 5928: 5889: 5225: 5138: 4872: 3930: 3832: 3769: 3765:

Blocking Public Participation: The Use of Strategic Litigation to Silence Political Expression

3376: 3190: 2685: 2448: 2442: 2421: 2318: 2295: 2257: 2229: 2225:

Blocking Public Participation: The Use of Strategic Litigation to Silence Political Expression

2223: 2195: 2191:

Blocking Public Participation: The Use of Strategic Litigation to Silence Political Expression

2048: 1975: 1795: 1535: 1390: 1343:

In the late 1990s, many SLAPP cases against independent and pro-opposition media ensued after

1328: 1191: 1163: 943: 925: 845: 817: 744: 739: 468: 115: 107: 99: 5730: 5293: 5204:"Appeal from the United States District Court for the District of Oregon: Gardner v. Martino" 4370: 3809: 3763: 2895: 2251: 2189: 2157:"California's Anti-Slapp Legislation: A Summary of and Commentary on Its Operation and Scope" 2069:"Strategic Litigation Against Public Participation (Freedom of Expression) Bill [HL]" 1307:

RSF expressed its support to the journalist and was relieved on the abandonment of the suit.

135:

or impact litigation. SLAPPs take various forms. The most common used to be a civil suit for

6428: 6099: 5731:"Another Devin Nunes lawsuit: Congressman sues magazine over story about family's Iowa farm" 5092: 5012: 4271:[An indictment for theft, fraud, forgery and money laundering against Amir Bramli]. 3573: 3557: 3534: 3476: 3436: 3088: 2415: 2287: 1877: 1722: 1591: 1503: 1489: 1437: 1399: 1385: 1195: 1117: 1109: 1044: 871: 346: 4847: 4243:"Whitehat Jr to foray into Brazil, Mexico; create 1 lakh teaching jobs in India in 3 years" 3828:"B.C. developer ordered to pay for failed defamation suit against local conservation group" 2919: 1398:

as a SLAPP. Despite winning the legal case brought by several Russian oligarchs, including

447: 75:

does not normally expect to win the lawsuit. The plaintiff's goals are accomplished if the

6359: 6306: 6281: 6271: 6256: 6189: 6179: 6075: 6063: 5319: 4645: 4461: 4299: 3212: 2022: 1948: 1898: 1403: 1257: 959: 932: 580: 280: 215: 179: 160: 92: 5705:"Nunes disputes claim that he met with former Ukrainian prosecutor to get dirt on Bidens" 3308: 3159:"H.R.4364 – Citizen Participation Act of 2009 (As introduced in House December 16, 2009)" 1355:, they gradually reappeared in the late 2010s, and especially in the early 2020s, during 5984: 4848:"Coltrain v. Shewalter (Appeal from the Superior Court of Riverside County, No. 278681)" 3456: 5790: 5430:"Hanszen Laporte Wins $ 450,000 Against Plaintiffs Who Filed Baseless Defamation Suits" 5133: 4770:"Abalone Alliance campaigns against Diablo Canyon Nuclear Plant, California, 1976-1984" 2828:"Strategic Lawsuits against Public Participation (SLAPPs) (and other abusive lawsuits)" 1807: 1637: 1630: 1482: 828: 576: 435: 381: 284: 167: 4401:[Calcalist responds to Bramly: 'Demand for aggressive and brutal silencing']. 430:

Prior to Ontario enacting its own Anti-SLAPP law the bill was invoked there (and then

6496: 6443: 6114: 5979: 5883: 5591: 5182: 4866: 4695: 4456: 4004: 3497:"Stephen Alves v. Hometown Newspapers, Inc., d/b/a The Kent County Daily Times et al" 2723:"CCLA Urges Ontario Attorney General to Pass Protection of Public Participation Bill" 1893: 1838:

in which Democrats took control of both chambers for the first time since 1994), the

1726: 1673:

sued Goddard and a dozen anonymous posters in October 2012. The lawsuit asked for an

1615: 1538:

objective facts from a typical talk show host, who is often a comedian telling jokes.

1477:

who chaired a special commission that recommended the changes adopted by Chief Judge

1402:, Belton was left facing legal costs of £1.5 million. UK Government justice minister 1381: 1199: 947: 849: 683: 575:

It has been argued that the lack of uniform protection against SLAPPs has encouraged

534: 342: 65: 4868:

Divorced from Justice: The Abuse of Women and Children by Divorce Lawyers and Judges

4691:"SLAPP down: David Davis says Putin's People libel case cost ex-FT journalist £1.5m" 4562:

Supreme Court of Norway decision on 11 September 2019 in the matter HR-2019-1725-A.

4325:[Bramly sues NIS 1 million from Calcalist: 'Published reports slanderous']. 4068:

Warning: on each site, a video is automatically played after the loading of the page

3686:"Internacional: as motivações em inglês para nomer Vale pior multinacional do mundo" 2468: 6321: 6276: 6174: 6169: 4457:"Oricon Sues Over Interviewee's Comment, Libel suit attacks free speech: defendant" 4154: 4140: 2786: 2361:"The Vestigial Constitution: The History and Significance of the Right to Petition" 2097: 1913: 1562: 1524: 1441: 1288: 1273: 1219: 1183: 1137: 1048:. Initially, instead of clarifying the questionable quotes in the article with the 955: 951: 936: 891: 836: 772: 455: 372:

The bill enjoyed support from a wide range of groups including municipalities, the

152: 88: 6006: 4373:[Bramly intends to file a series of libel claims against his detractors]. 3744: 3158: 2708: 1218:, who at the time was being investigated and subsequently indicted for an alleged 4425:""תביעתו של ברמלי – ניסיון פסול להסיט את תשומת הלב מהחשדות נגדו" – וואלה! ברנז'ה" 4350: 3007:"Wiggin and Dana Secures Dismissal of Defamation Suit under New 'Anti-SLAPP' Law" 2838: 369:

short timeframe, if the underlying claims had no reasonable prospect of success.

6386: 6311: 6261: 6231: 6224: 6184: 5497: 5118: 4730:"Government backs bill to end intimidatory SLAPPs lawsuits stifling free speech" 1933: 1908: 1846: 1799: 1763: 1754: 1693: 1607: 1546: 1531: 1478: 1235: 1215: 1179: 1105: 977: 917: 814:

Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation: The British Columbia Experience

784: 639: 614: 397: 235: 80: 31: 5294:"Arizona appeals court tosses lawsuit filed against parents by school district" 4080: 3950: 3790: 1770:

show, Oliver "incited viewers to do harm to Mr. Murray and his companies". The

6408: 6343: 6286: 6049: 5614: 4517: 4514: 4511: 1850: 1831: 1819: 1706: 1674: 1520: 1081:

the censorship of any reference (of its name) on Mathias Poujol-Rost's weblog,

867: 675: 647: 530: 405: 136: 120: 61: 57: 5989: 4582:""Slap tužbe" protiv medija koji nisu po volji - bilo nekad, sad se ponavlja" 3717:"Thyssen-Krup Steel Company tries to silence EJOLT partner with a slapp suit" 2299: 6241: 6219: 5818:"BYD Company Ltd., Petitioner v. Alliance for American Manufacturing, et al" 5757:"Va. legislature passes bills aimed at lawsuits by Devin Nunes, Johnny Depp" 5653:"Devin Nunes, Johnny Depp lawsuits seen as threats to free speech and press" 5559:"A.C.L.U. Defends John Oliver from Stupid Lawsuit in Hilarious Amicus Brief" 4355: 3693: 3372: 2664: 1811: 1545:(a company that promotes a USB VoIP device) filed a defamation suit against 1542: 1327:

foundation demanded an immediate injunction against two project volunteers,

1227: 731: 692: 606: 602: 191: 183: 76: 72: 5995: 4972:

Women in divorce : lawyers, ethics, fees & fairness : a study

1187: 1108:

in Arizona named Colleen Huber filed a defamation lawsuit, preceded by two

326:

organization agrees and generally considers BC to lag other jurisdictions.

5905:"Identifying And Beating A Strategic Lawsuit Against Public Participation" 5013:"Streisand Sues to Suppress Free Speech Protection (and additional items)" 4970: 4533:

Oslo District Court decision on 1 Juni 2018 in the matter TOBYF-2018-83936

3396: 3059:"The Scalpel or the Bludgeon? Twenty Years of Anti-SLAPP in Massachusetts" 2279: 743:

and Doctors for Forests. In December 2006, it abandoned the claim against

17: 6000: 4548: 4510:"JNN Reportage – Legal Intimidation Against Free Speech: What is SLAPP?" 4220: 4136:

The naturopath whistleblower: ‘It is surprisingly easy to sell snake oil’

2981: 2968:"EU Parliament to counter lawsuits designed to silence journalists, NGOs" 2291: 1803: 1776: 1549:

for exposing their unfair and deceptive business tactics regarding their

1512:

Kathi Mills won an anti-SLAPP motion against the Atlanta Humane Society,

802: 748: 711: 610: 4323:"ברמלי תובע מיליון שקל מכתב "כלכליסט": "פרסם ידיעות השזורות דברי השמצה"" 3343:"Washington State Passes New Anti-SLAPP Statute | Davis Wright Tremaine" 526:–Tennessee) introduced the Citizen Participation Act in the U.S. House. 6438: 6246: 6012: 3591: 3233:"Henry v. Lake Charles Am. Press, L.L.C.; 566 F.3d 164 (5th Cir. 2009)" 3217: 2545:"BC trails Quebec, Ontario in protecting public from chilling lawsuits" 2253:

Journalism Under Fire: Protecting the Future of Investigative Reporting

2073: 1903: 1324: 1203: 1132:

set up a fund to help with legal costs on the case. In an interview at

1039: 598: 207: 175: 53: 5943: 5925:

No Contest: Corporate Lawyers and the Perversion of Justice in America

4040:"Brampton council puts off issue of misspending by mayor, councillors" 2835:

Uniform Law Conference of Canada, Civil Section (English & French)

1743:. In June 2017, Murray Energy issued a cease and desist letter to the 5166: 4327: 2912:"Noir Canada Defamation Lawsuit Settled, Publication of Book Stopped" 1465:, is recognized as " catalyst for the changes that we adopted", said 1304:, titled as "Legal Intimidation Against Free Speech: What is SLAPP?" 1252: 1133: 30:"SLAPP suits" redirects here. For the Last Week Tonight segment, see 4424: 4398: 4322: 299:

One of the first cases in Canada to be explicitly ruled a SLAPP was

3280:"Abbas v. Foreign Policy Grp., LLC; 783 F.3d 1328 (D.C. Cir. 2015)" 2745:"Organizations continue call for anti-SLAPP legislation in Ontario" 6291: 5068: 5066: 4351:"Amir Bramly opens another front: 'News2 presented me as a crook'" 4057: 3330:"State Supreme Court Strikes Down Washington's Anti-SLAPP Statute" 1887: 1729:

filed a lawsuit against environment reporter Ken Ward Jr. and the

1634: 1159: 719: 687: 451: 450:

Inc., in which the publisher Écosociété pleaded (supported by the

318: 4214:

Mandhani, Apoorva; Mihindukulasuriya, Regina (30 November 2020).

920:

sued Muddy Waters Research for $ 4 billion for defamation in the

151:

dates to the early 17th century and, unlike most English law, is

4712:"Move to add free speech protections to UK anti-corruption bill" 2102: 1771: 1550: 723: 671: 506: 144: 6022: 2138:"Whacked By Lawsuit Costs, Old City Civic Association Disbands" 1319:

challenged a perceived monopoly on the publication of pre-2009

1190:, filed a 2.6 million dollar lawsuit against Pradeep Poonia, a 3955: 3457:"Browns Mill Development Company, Inc. et al. v. Denton et al" 3437:"Denton et al. v. Browns Mill Development Company, Inc. et al" 3033:"Kentucky Adopts The Uniform Public Expression Protection Act" 2110: 1815: 1744: 971: 6018: 5587:"ACLU Files Snarkiest Legal Brief Ever Defending John Oliver" 4111:"Cancer quack Colleen Huber sues Britt Hermes over criticism" 1234:

1 million in damages, due to a news item linking him to

1087:

the obligation to publish the judicial decision for 3 months,

91:. SLAPPs bring about freedom of speech concerns due to their 5973:

Activist SLAPPs Back in Countersuit against Sienna Developer

4189:"WhiteHat Jr withdraws defamation suit against vocal critic" 3287:

United States Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit

2572:"B.C. legislature unanimously passes anti-SLAPP legislation" 1440:

to get the group to pay for the police costs of the largest

1436:, filed a suit attempting to obtain the mailing list of the 730:

against 20 individuals and organisations, including Senator

609:

when it arises from conduct that falls within the rights of

434:

docket 33819). In the case of Les Éditions Écosociété Inc.,

4081:"Publication judiciaire à la demande de la société Cometik" 4021:"Brampton Mayor Susan Fennell threatens to sue councillors" 3165:. Participatory Politics Foundation and Sunlight Foundation 3084:"Citizen Participation Act takes aim at frivolous lawsuits" 64:, and silence critics by burdening them with the cost of a 5031:"Streisand's Lawsuit to Silence Coastal Website Dismissed" 4975:. New York, NY: City of New York Dept. of Consumer Affairs 4269:"כתב אישום על גניבה, מרמה, זיוף והלבנת הון נגד אמיר ברמלי" 3722:

Environmental Justice Organisations, Liabilities and Trade

3477:"Earthresources, LLC v. Morgan County, et al. (two cases)" 2641:"Renewing the Debate on Anti-SLAPP Legislation in Ontario" 3638:"Middle ground views are up against battleground tactics" 2660:"Protecting public debate through anti-SLAPP legislation" 2516:"Home Equity Development v. Crow, et al (2002 BCSC 1138)" 882:

defenses applied to persons accused of online defamation.

392:, Citizens Environment Alliance of Southwestern Ontario, 4480:"Abandonment of the Claim Against a Japanese Journalist" 4399:"כתב כלכליסט משיב לברמלי: "תביעת השתקה כוחנית ובריונית"" 5315:"Nationwide Title goes on attack against vocal critics" 4371:"ברמלי מתכוון להגיש שורת תביעות לשון הרע נגד "מכפישיו"" 3791:"Supreme Court ruling big victory for Internet freedom" 3455:

DeKalb (Georgia) Superior Court; Judge Workman (2000).

3415:

United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit (1986).

2342:"(California) Code of Civil Procedure – Section 425.16" 4919:"Divorce Lawyers Criticized By Consumer Affairs Chief" 4796:"County of San Luis Obispo v. Abalone Alliance (1986)" 3911:"Settlement Agreement between Staff and David Horsley" 3254:"United States v. Lockheed Missiles and Space Company" 2280:"Weaponizing Privacy and Copyright Law for Censorship" 1583:

Congress Elementary School District v. Warren, et. al.

1394:

was described by former Conservative cabinet minister

5053:"Global Telemedia International, Inc. v. Doe 1 et al" 1708:

SLAPP Suits: Last Week Tonight with John Oliver (HBO)

5117:. Atlanta, Georgia. 21 November 2003. Archived from 3658:"Gunns abandons legal action against Greens leaders" 3240:

United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit

2916:

Canadian Association of University Teachers Bulletin

2782:"Ontario still has time to pass environmental bills" 1359:-led cabinets. Notably, Aleksandar Vučić is current 473:

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

6452: 6352: 6162: 6056: 6001:

Anti-SLAPP Statutes: A Report Card on the 50 States

4945:"DIVORCE LAWYERS ASSAILED IN STUDY BY ALBANY PANEL" 3860:"Ecojustice scores big victory for the little guys" 3745:"Daishowa off hook for Lubicon boycott court costs" 1686: 1202:requiring Poonia to remove certain tweets from his 1093:

all legal fees for both first and appeal instances.

505:Thirty-three states, the District of Columbia, and 5703:Vicky Ward and Katelyn Polantz (4 December 2019). 3163:Open Congress for the 112th United States Congress 2441:Belmas, Genelle; Overbeck, Wayne (4 August 2014). 1413:Economic Crime and Corporate Transparency Act 2023 1380:A 2021 libel action brought against the publisher 1154:In 2022, in the wake of revelations that Greece's 68:until they abandon their criticism or opposition. 5162:"What Do You Expect? It's Talk Radio, Court Says" 4684: 4682: 4680: 3971:"Statement of Claim – Sino-Forest v Muddy Waters" 1890:("deny, attack, and reverse victim and offender") 958:, the city's integrity commissioner, and auditor 234:, King of England in the 10th century, antedates 50:strategic litigation against public participation 4450: 4448: 4446: 3213:"Godin v. Schenks; 629 F.3d 79 (1st. Cir. 2010)" 3116:"Texas' Citizen Participation Act gets stronger" 2496:. Australian Capital Territory. 12 December 2011 2336: 2334: 2194:. Wilfrid Laurier University Press. p. 50. 1502:, (California Superior Court Case SC077257) See 963:before the city's 27 October municipal election. 783:) for moral damages. First, TKCSA sued research 646:The right to bring grievances to the courts, in 605:can file at the outset of a lawsuit to strike a 411:The legislation was re-introduced following the 6523:Strategic lawsuits against public participation 4295:"Supermodel Bar Refaeli alleges identity theft" 3891:"Sino-Forest Sues Muddy Waters for $ 4 Billion" 3768:. Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press. pp. 71–76. 3495:Supreme Court (Rhode Island) (4 August 2004) . 3134:"Bill Tracking – 2017 session > Legislation" 2539: 2537: 2414:Pring, George William; Canan, Penelope (1996). 2086: 2084: 2041:Pring, George William; Canan, Penelope (1996). 1206:account. In 2021, Bajaj rescinded the lawsuit. 38:Strategic lawsuits against public participation 6009:(Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press) 5857:Strategic lawsuit against public participation 5348:"Sony, George Hotz Settle PS3 Hacking Lawsuit" 5091:Supreme Court of Georgia (27 September 2004). 4183: 4181: 4179: 4104: 4102: 3569: 3567: 3565: 3553: 3551: 3549: 3533:Supreme Court of Rhode Island (3 April 2008). 2802:"Protection of Public Participation Act, 2015" 2684:Council of the Corporation of The Township of 1834:, and others. In February 2020 (following the 1150:Kyriakos Mitsotakis § Wiretapping Scandal 317:Since the repeal, BC activists especially the 6034: 5111:"Kathi Mills' Atlanta Humane Case Thrown Out" 4615:"Journalist prevails in another 'Slapp' case" 4159:"Catching Up With Britt Hermes – CSICon 2019" 3951:"Sino-Forest files for bankruptcy protection" 3475:Supreme Court of Georgia (30 November 2006). 2487:"Protection of Public Participation Act 2008" 899:Robin Scory v. Glen Valley Watersheds Society 8: 5882:Delfino, Michelangelo; Day, Mary E. (2002). 5466:"Steubenville, Ohio: Gang Rape + SLAPP Suit" 5230:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 4823:"Court Upholds Client's Right to Sue Lawyer" 4575: 4573: 4571: 4038:Bascaramurty, Dakshana (24 September 2014). 3535:"Alan G. Palazzo et al. v. Stephen D. Alves" 2871:British Columbia Civil Liberties Association 2473:Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press 1802:filed a defamation lawsuit against Twitter, 1622:consider the case an egregious abuse of the 1347:, proposed by then minister of information, 661:, the Supreme Court of Rhode Island stated: 4474: 4472: 2228:. Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press. p. 22. 1963:McDonald's Restaurants v Morris & Steel 1633:was ordered to pay a $ 1 million anti- 1006:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 629:Balancing the right of access to the courts 269:Protection of Public Participation Act 2008 6041: 6027: 6019: 5408:"$ 1.3 Million Anti-SLAPP Award Rescinded" 2313:Pring, George W.; Canan, Penelope (1996). 2256:. Columbia University Press. p. 116. 85:directors and officers liability insurance 5909:Duke Environmental Law & Policy Forum 5375: 5373: 5313:Martin, Susan Taylor (10 December 2010). 4664:International Federation for Human Rights 2317:. Temple University Press. pp. 8–9. 1810:, his hometown newspaper, and its owner, 1026:Learn how and when to remove this message 567:has held the reverse for D.C. litigants. 402:Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario 79:succumbs to fear, intimidation, mounting 3369:The Social Contract from Hobbes to Rawls 2767:Registered Nurses Association of Ontario 2749:Canadian Journalists for Free Expression 2597:"Protection of Public Participation Act" 2549:West Coast Environmental Law Association 2344:. California Anti-SLAPP Project. 2009 . 390:Canadian Journalists for Free Expression 5923:Nader, Ralph; Smith, Wesley J. (1998). 5779: 5777: 5382:"$ 1.3 Million in Anti-SLAPP Sanctions" 4520:Created by Hiroyuki Akiyama. Copyright 2982:"Anti-SLAPP Statutes: 2023 Report Card" 2420:. Temple University Press. p. ix. 2033: 799:Daishowa Inc. v. Friends of the Lubicon 5646: 5644: 5642: 5223: 4894:"The spark behind the court firestorm" 4641: 4631: 4613:Limited, Bangkok Post Public Company. 3928: 2447:. Cengage Learning. pp. 178–189. 2047:. Temple University Press. p. x. 1683: 1626:. Hotz settled with Sony before trial. 1530:Nationally syndicated talk radio host 1156:National Intelligence Service (Greece) 374:Canadian Environmental Law Association 194:, they can be considered as a type of 27:Litigation intended to silence critics 5755:Jouvenal, Justin (11 February 2020). 5651:Jouvenal, Justin (22 December 2019). 5627:from the original on 11 December 2021 4689:Tobitt, Charlotte (24 January 2022). 3998:Hopper, Tristin (24 September 2014). 2417:SLAPPs: Getting Sued for Speaking Out 2385:"Queen Mary II of Stuart (1689–1694)" 2315:SLAPPs: Getting Sued for Speaking Out 2222:Sheldrick, Byron (18 February 2014). 2044:SLAPPs: Getting Sued for Speaking Out 1857:(AAM) and some of its employees. The 1315:On 17 May 2018, a non-profit project 7: 5181:Okamoto, Sherri M. (27 April 2009). 4743:Turner, Wallace (14 February 1982). 4522:Tokyo Broadcasting System Television 4019:Ballingall, Alex (6 November 2014). 3367:Boucher, David; Kelly, Paul (1994). 2727:Canadian Civil Liberties Association 2570:Jones, Ryan Patrick (8 March 2019). 2091:Rafsanjani, Nazanin (2 April 2010). 1004:adding citations to reliable sources 870:(and therefore the right to protect 386:Canadian Civil Liberties Association 5524:Wilonsky, Robert (14 August 2015). 5245:Beschizza, Rob (23 February 2010). 4580:Savatović, Mladen (21 April 2021). 3184:Albanese, Andrew (12 August 2010). 2444:Major Principles of Media Law, 2015 2359:Mark, Gregory A. (1 January 1998). 1861:rejected BYD's suit in August 2022. 1855:Alliance for American Manufacturing 1766:. The lawsuit alleged that, in the 1602:Sony Computer Entertainment America 1283:He was found guilty in 2008 by the 1078:On 31 March 2011, the company won: 1064:spread the word about SLAPP suits. 322:particular cases and criteria. The 222:the government, as provided in the 5823:Supreme Court of the United States 5620:Last Week Tonight with John Oliver 5585:Luperon, Alberto (1 August 2017). 5493:"Suit filed against site operator" 4745:"NUCLEAR PROTEST LEADS TO LAWSUIT" 4455:Prideaux, Eric (8 February 2007). 3762:Sheldrick, Byron (25 March 2014). 3743:Guerette, Deb (10 November 1998). 2880:from the original on 6 April 2012. 2826:Pelletier, Vincent (August 2008). 1859:Supreme Court of the United States 1750:Last Week Tonight with John Oliver 1663:Steubenville High School rape case 1494:California Coastal Records Project 1434:San Luis Obispo County, California 1345:adoption of the infamous media law 359:Daishowa v. Friends of the Lubicon 25: 5798:from the original on 29 July 2024 5613:Oliver, John (10 November 2019). 5074:"Atlanta Humane Society v. Mills" 5037:. Kenneth Adelman. Archived from 4774:Global Nonviolent Action Database 4109:Bellamy, Jann (18 January 2018). 3836:. 12 October 2011. Archived from 3789:Tyler, Tracey (19 October 2011). 3692:. 11 January 2012. Archived from 3622:. 25 January 2005. Archived from 3435:Supreme Court of Georgia (2002). 2729:. 2 December 2013. Archived from 2680:"August 21, 2014 Meeting Minutes" 2155:Tate, Kathryn W. (1 April 2000). 922:Ontario Superior Court of Justice 5996:Survival Guide for SLAPP Victims 5830:from the original on 4 June 2024 5557:Bradley, Laura (2 August 2017). 4134:Devlin, Hannah (27 March 2018) " 3808:Zlomislic, Diana (7 July 2010). 3585:Darby, Andrew (29 August 2006). 2780:Cadan, Yossi (9 February 2014). 2619:Ministry of the Attorney General 2520:British Columbia Superior Courts 2162:Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review 1970:Scientology and the legal system 1701: 1692: 1665:): In an effort to stop blogger 1653:The Cynwyd Group, LLC v. Stefany 1624:Digital Millennium Copyright Act 976: 954:against fellow councillors, the 533:on the closely related issue of 5985:slapp Anti-SLAPP Advisory Panel 5784:Allen, Bethany (28 July 2024). 5406:Lee, David (29 February 2016). 5346:Newman, Jared (12 April 2011). 5134:"Metropolis: Suing to Silence?" 5132:Malone, Dan (28 January 2004). 4917:Barron, James (13 March 1992). 4488:. 6 August 2009. Archived from 4485:Reporters Sans Frontières (RSF) 3889:Benoit, David (30 March 2012). 3332:. 1 February 2016. Lexology.com 3186:"Obama Signs Libel Tourism Law" 3092:. 31 March 2011. Archived from 3057:Kluft, David A. (9 July 2014). 3031:Adkisson, Jay (18 April 2022). 2966:Pollet, Mathieu (13 May 2021). 2806:Legislative Assembly of Ontario 2658:Ali, Shelina (28 August 2014). 2074:Parliamentary Debates (Hansard) 1646:Scientology versus the Internet 1514:Atlanta Humane Society v. Mills 1353:Overthrow of Slobodan Milošević 1287:and ordered to pay one million 1278:Reporters Sans Frontières (RSF) 1090:€2,000 as procedural allowance, 777:Rio de Janeiro State University 312:Home Equity Development v. Crow 5380:Lee, David (15 January 2016). 5292:Wang, Amy B. (31 March 2011). 2942:"Anti-SLAPP Law in California" 2707:. 3 March 2014. Archived from 2494:Parliamentary Counsel's Office 2136:McDevitt, John (16 May 2013). 1849:filed a libel lawsuit against 1791:after Murray dropped the suit. 1620:Electronic Frontier Foundation 1384:and the author and journalist 716:Gunns Limited v Marr & Ors 514:Federal law and federal courts 380:, Ontario Clean Air Alliance, 214:professors Penelope Canan and 166:A common feature of SLAPPs is 1: 6007:Understanding Anti-SLAPP laws 5729:Irby, Kate (1 October 2019). 5491:Law, Mark (31 October 2012). 5160:Egelko, Bob (25 April 2009). 5057:California Anti-SLAPP Project 4871:. ReganBooks/Harper Collins. 4852:California Anti-SLAPP Project 4821:Morain, Dan (29 March 1985). 3915:Ontario Securities Commission 3866:. 26 May 2011. Archived from 3587:"Gunns, greenies and the law" 3258:California Anti-SLAPP Project 1469:, a retired justice with the 5871:Resources in other libraries 5677:Techdirt (6 December 2019). 5188:Metropolitan News-Enterprise 4969:Winner, Karen (March 1992). 4710:Pegg, Simon (4 March 2022). 3917:. paragraph 12. 21 July 2014 3305:Public Participation Project 2705:Environmental Defence Canada 1461:Karen Winner, the author of 1158:was spying on the leader of 809:Fraser v. Saanich (District) 357:In Ontario, the decision in 324:West Coast Environmental Law 265:Australian Capital Territory 6003:(Institute for Free Speech) 5247:"MagicJack Legal Documents" 5115:Stop Pet Overpopulation Now 4565:. Accessed 21 October 2022. 2615:"Anti-SLAPP Advisory Panel" 1828:Campaign for Accountability 1447:act in U.S. history at the 1162:, the third largest party, 887:Youthdale Treatment Centres 425:National Assembly of Quebec 210:was coined in the 1980s by 6549: 1794:In March 2019, Republican 1610:and other individuals for 1238:. In addition Bramly sued 1147: 856:Crookes v. Openpolitics.ca 841:House of Commons of Canada 590: 563:in diversity actions. The 396:, CPAWS Wildlands League, 306:Following the decision in 29: 6503:Abuse of the legal system 5866:Resources in your library 5078:Citizen Media Law Project 4943:Dao, James (5 May 1993). 4899:Marin Independent Journal 4275:(in Hebrew). 26 June 2016 4144:. Retrieved 23 June 2020. 4087:(in French). 7 April 2011 3643:The Sydney Morning Herald 2986:Institute for Free Speech 2946:Digital Media Law Project 2278:Radsch, Courtney (2023). 2250:Gillers, Stephen (2018). 2188:Sheldrick, Byron (2014). 1840:Virginia General Assembly 1737:Charleston, West Virginia 1700: 1691: 1536:no one reasonably expects 1449:Diablo Canyon Power Plant 831:filed a suit against the 736:Supreme Court of Victoria 728:Supreme Court of Victoria 529:In 2010 Obama signed the 487:On 25 November 2020, the 254:Jurisdictional variations 184:anonymous or pseudonymous 6210:Content-control software 5885:Be careful who you SLAPP 5170:. Hearst Communications. 5017:California Coastline.org 4085:Agences Web surprenantes 3935:: CS1 maint: location ( 3810:"Youth lock-ups blasted" 3485:Nos. S06A1150, S06A1713. 2093:"SLAPP Back: Transcript" 2016:Santa Barbara News-Press 1590:, a think tank based in 1430:Pacific Legal Foundation 1230:reporter, privately for 1136:2019, Britt Hermes told 905:Morris vs Johnson et al. 827:Canadian Prime Minister 593:Special motion to strike 394:The Council of Canadians 71:In a typical SLAPP, the 6465:Chinese issues overseas 5531:The Dallas Morning News 5386:Courthouse News Service 3715:Nick (9 January 2012). 2892:Supreme Court of Canada 2601:Nova Scotia legislature 2469:"California Anti-SLAPP" 2284:SSRN Electronic Journal 1984:Horizon Group v. Bonnen 1979:, 35 Cal.4th 180 (2005) 1732:Charleston Gazette-Mail 1588:The Goldwater Institute 1573:Big Boys Gone Bananas!* 1388:over the latter's book 1321:Supreme Court of Norway 952:threats of legal action 860:Supreme Court of Canada 833:Liberal Party of Canada 781:Oswaldo Cruz Foundation 561:federal district courts 518:In December 2009, Rep. 432:Supreme Court of Canada 196:censorship by copyright 182:, attempts to identify 6439:Suppression of dissent 4865:Winner, Karen (1996). 4115:Science-Based Medicine 3574:[2006] VSC 386 3558:[2005] VSC 251 3504:Rhode Island Judiciary 2894:decision available at 2391:. 2010. Archived from 1122:Science-Based Medicine 880:innocent dissemination 868:responsible journalism 668: 644: 542:SPEAK FREE Act of 2015 341:introduced in 2001 by 243:New York Supreme Court 6205:Conspiracy of silence 6195:Collateral censorship 6120:Speech and expression 5990:SLAPP suit definition 5354:. IDG. Archived from 2107:National Public Radio 1929:Reputation management 1873:Barratry (common law) 1558:Comins vs. VanVoorhis 1475:New York state courts 1463:Divorced From Justice 1272:. The company sought 1270:Johnny and Associates 1128:and the organization 1118:evolutionary genomics 1104:In September 2017, a 663: 636: 413:2014 Ontario election 378:Environmental Defence 339:private member's bill 46:intimidation lawsuits 6482:Muhammad controversy 6419:Naturalistic fallacy 6327:computer and network 5992:(Cornell Law School) 5410:. Courthousenews.com 5299:The Arizona Republic 5041:on 21 December 2004. 4776:. Swarthmore College 3513:on 30 September 2017 2922:on 30 September 2017 2733:on 10 November 2014. 2711:on 10 November 2014. 2292:10.2139/ssrn.4464300 1944:Frivolous litigation 1939:Vexatious litigation 1924:Public participation 1804:Elizabeth "Liz" Mair 1759:Crandall Canyon Mine 1741:Belmont County, Ohio 1586:on 28 January 2010. 1499:Streisand v. Adelman 1285:Tokyo District Court 1000:improve this section 816:, RECEIL 19(1) 2010 212:University of Denver 190:When SLAPPs involve 133:strategic litigation 6477:Internet censorship 5903:Merriam, Dwight H. 5761:The Washington Post 5657:The Washington Post 5538:on 7 September 2016 5470:The Legal Satyricon 5327:on 14 December 2010 5281:. 17 November 2010. 5279:bananasthemovie.com 5059:. 23 February 2001. 4906:on 22 October 2009. 4732:. 23 February 2024. 4058:"Cometik home page" 3978:Wall Street Journal 3896:Wall Street Journal 3870:on 29 November 2020 3840:on 24 November 2020 3690:Justica nos Trilhos 3626:on 1 February 2010. 3543:No. 2006-172-Appeal 3425:780 F.2d 1422, 1427 3405:(404 U.S. 508, 510) 3301:"FAQS about SLAPPS" 3221:. 22 December 2010. 3096:on 28 February 2021 3011:Wiggin and Dana LLP 2769:. 29 November 2013. 1853:and the non-profit 1721:On 27 August 2012, 1659:Saltsman v. Goddard 1428:From 1981 to 1986, 1361:president of Serbia 1168:Kyriakos Mitsotakis 1130:Australian Skeptics 942:In September 2014, 876:qualified privilege 494:European Commission 489:European Parliament 157:Defamation Act 2013 149:common law of libel 131:SLAPP is a form of 111:bringing the case. 6414:Moralistic fallacy 6152:banned video games 6135:banned televisions 5944:"What is a SLAPP?" 5826:. 11 August 2022. 5446:on 6 December 2019 5019:. Kenneth Adelman. 4949:The New York Times 4923:The New York Times 4749:The New York Times 4644:has generic name ( 4405:. 26 December 2016 4249:. 13 December 2020 4247:The Economic Times 4193:The Economic Times 4163:Skeptical Inquirer 4044:The Globe and Mail 3666:. 13 December 2006 3619:ABC Radio National 3063:Boston Bar Journal 2970:. EURACTIV France. 2366:Fordham Law Review 1919:Media transparency 1845:In November 2020, 1783:The New York Times 1671:Steubenville, Ohio 1667:Alexandria Goddard 1629:In December 2015, 1471:Appellate Division 1453:U.S. Supreme Court 1445:civil-disobedience 1182:, the founder of 1126:scientific skeptic 1120:. Jann Bellamy of 1114:Britt Marie Hermes 1084:€2,000 as damages, 848:after he replaced 839:before a critical 747:MPs Bob Brown and 680:constitutional law 634:It has been said: 471:, and as such the 232:Edgar the Peaceful 141:English common law 6518:Right to petition 6513:Legal terminology 6490: 6489: 6472:Freedom of speech 6317:Strategic lawsuit 6267:National intranet 6215:Damnatio memoriae 6013:Are SLAPPs legal? 5942:Scrivener, Neil. 5934:978-0-375-75258-2 5895:978-0-9725141-0-1 5852:Library resources 5472:. 3 December 2012 5139:Fort Worth Weekly 5121:on 26 March 2012. 4878:978-0-06-039184-3 4854:. 19 August 1998. 4827:Los Angeles Times 4379:. 1 December 2015 4331:. 31 October 2016 4303:. 14 January 2016 3864:Ecojustice Canada 3833:Ecojustice Canada 3775:978-1-55458-930-2 3382:978-0-415-10846-1 3191:Publishers Weekly 2873:. 10 March 2011. 2844:on 1 October 2011 2751:. 6 October 2014. 2689:. 21 August 2014. 2647:. 6 October 2011. 2454:978-1-305-44555-0 2427:978-1-56639-369-0 2324:978-0-375-75258-2 2263:978-0-231-54733-8 2235:978-1-55458-931-9 2201:978-1-55458-930-2 2113:). Archived from 2054:978-1-56639-369-0 1976:Varian v. Delfino 1796:US Representative 1768:Last Week Tonight 1718: 1717: 1556:In the 2009 case 1483:guardian ad litem 1222:, sued for libel 1192:software engineer 1164:Nikos Androulakis 1112:letters, against 1036: 1035: 1028: 944:Brampton, Ontario 926:Bennett Jones LLP 910:Scory v. Krannitz 872:anonymous sources 864:Crookes v. Newton 846:Michael Ignatieff 740:Bernard Bongiorno 477:Crookes v. Newton 469:international law 308:Fraser v. Saanich 301:Fraser v. Saanich 220:right to petition 116:right to petition 100:freedom of speech 16:(Redirected from 6540: 6533:1980s neologisms 6429:Propaganda model 6057:Media regulation 6043: 6036: 6029: 6020: 5978:11 July 2011 at 5958: 5956: 5954: 5938: 5927:. Random House. 5919: 5917: 5915: 5899: 5840: 5839: 5837: 5835: 5814: 5808: 5807: 5805: 5803: 5781: 5772: 5771: 5769: 5767: 5752: 5746: 5745: 5743: 5741: 5726: 5720: 5719: 5717: 5715: 5700: 5694: 5693: 5691: 5689: 5674: 5668: 5667: 5665: 5663: 5648: 5637: 5636: 5634: 5632: 5610: 5604: 5603: 5601: 5599: 5582: 5576: 5575: 5573: 5571: 5554: 5548: 5547: 5545: 5543: 5534:. Archived from 5521: 5515: 5514: 5512: 5510: 5501:. Archived from 5488: 5482: 5481: 5479: 5477: 5462: 5456: 5455: 5453: 5451: 5445: 5439:. Archived from 5434: 5426: 5420: 5419: 5417: 5415: 5403: 5397: 5396: 5394: 5392: 5377: 5368: 5367: 5365: 5363: 5343: 5337: 5336: 5334: 5332: 5323:. 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Archived from 3501: 3492: 3486: 3484: 3472: 3466: 3464: 3452: 3446: 3444: 3432: 3426: 3424: 3412: 3406: 3404: 3393: 3387: 3386: 3371:(1st ed.). 3364: 3358: 3357: 3355: 3353: 3339: 3333: 3327: 3321: 3320: 3318: 3316: 3307:. Archived from 3297: 3291: 3290: 3289:. 24 April 2015. 3284: 3276: 3270: 3269: 3267: 3265: 3250: 3244: 3243: 3242:. 14 April 2009. 3237: 3229: 3223: 3222: 3209: 3203: 3202: 3200: 3198: 3181: 3175: 3174: 3172: 3170: 3155: 3149: 3148: 3146: 3144: 3138:lis.virginia.gov 3130: 3124: 3123: 3112: 3106: 3105: 3103: 3101: 3089:Alpine Avalanche 3080: 3074: 3073: 3071: 3069: 3054: 3048: 3047: 3045: 3043: 3028: 3022: 3021: 3019: 3017: 3003: 2997: 2996: 2994: 2992: 2978: 2972: 2971: 2963: 2957: 2956: 2954: 2952: 2938: 2932: 2931: 2929: 2927: 2918:. Archived from 2908: 2902: 2888: 2882: 2881: 2879: 2868: 2860: 2854: 2853: 2851: 2849: 2843: 2837:. Archived from 2832: 2823: 2817: 2816: 2814: 2812: 2798: 2792: 2791: 2777: 2771: 2770: 2759: 2753: 2752: 2741: 2735: 2734: 2719: 2713: 2712: 2697: 2691: 2690: 2676: 2670: 2669: 2655: 2649: 2648: 2637: 2631: 2630: 2628: 2626: 2611: 2605: 2604: 2593: 2587: 2586: 2584: 2582: 2567: 2561: 2560: 2558: 2556: 2541: 2532: 2531: 2529: 2527: 2512: 2506: 2505: 2503: 2501: 2491: 2483: 2477: 2476: 2465: 2459: 2458: 2438: 2432: 2431: 2411: 2405: 2404: 2402: 2400: 2395:on 26 March 2012 2389:Kings of England 2381: 2375: 2374: 2356: 2350: 2349: 2338: 2329: 2328: 2310: 2304: 2303: 2275: 2269: 2267: 2247: 2241: 2239: 2219: 2213: 2212: 2210: 2208: 2185: 2179: 2178: 2176: 2174: 2152: 2146: 2145: 2133: 2127: 2126: 2124: 2122: 2088: 2079: 2078: 2065: 2059: 2058: 2038: 2010: 2006: 2002: 1998: 1994: 1990: 1878:Cease and desist 1824:Hearst Magazines 1798:for California, 1747:television show 1723:Robert E. Murray 1709: 1705: 1704: 1696: 1684: 1651:The Agora Six – 1600:In January 2011 1592:Phoenix, Arizona 1504:Streisand effect 1490:Barbra Streisand 1438:Abalone Alliance 1400:Roman Abramovich 1386:Catherine Belton 1349:Aleksandar Vučić 1266: 1196:Delhi High Court 1110:cease and desist 1058:The Baltic Times 1054: 1045:The Baltic Times 1031: 1024: 1020: 1017: 1011: 980: 972: 824:) to compensate. 659:Palazzo v. Alves 621:Washington State 544:was introduced. 347:Halifax Fairview 295:British Columbia 143:tradition was a 104:motion to strike 21: 6548: 6547: 6543: 6542: 6541: 6539: 6538: 6537: 6493: 6492: 6491: 6486: 6448: 6348: 6307:Self-censorship 6282:Prior restraint 6272:Newspaper theft 6257:Internet police 6190:Chilling effect 6180:Broadcast delay 6158: 6052: 6047: 5969: 5964: 5962: 5952: 5950: 5941: 5935: 5922: 5913: 5911: 5902: 5896: 5881: 5877: 5876: 5875: 5860: 5859: 5855: 5848: 5846:Further reading 5843: 5833: 5831: 5816: 5815: 5811: 5801: 5799: 5786:"Libel Lawfare" 5783: 5782: 5775: 5765: 5763: 5754: 5753: 5749: 5739: 5737: 5728: 5727: 5723: 5713: 5711: 5702: 5701: 5697: 5687: 5685: 5676: 5675: 5671: 5661: 5659: 5650: 5649: 5640: 5630: 5628: 5612: 5611: 5607: 5597: 5595: 5584: 5583: 5579: 5569: 5567: 5556: 5555: 5551: 5541: 5539: 5523: 5522: 5518: 5508: 5506: 5490: 5489: 5485: 5475: 5473: 5464: 5463: 5459: 5449: 5447: 5443: 5437:Hanszen LaPorte 5432: 5428: 5427: 5423: 5413: 5411: 5405: 5404: 5400: 5390: 5388: 5379: 5378: 5371: 5361: 5359: 5345: 5344: 5340: 5330: 5328: 5320:Tampa Bay Times 5312: 5311: 5307: 5291: 5290: 5286: 5274: 5270: 5269: 5265: 5255: 5253: 5244: 5243: 5239: 5222: 5215: 5213: 5206: 5201: 5200: 5196: 5180: 5179: 5175: 5159: 5158: 5154: 5144: 5142: 5131: 5130: 5126: 5109: 5108: 5104: 5090: 5089: 5085: 5072: 5071: 5064: 5051: 5050: 5046: 5029: 5028: 5024: 5011: 5010: 5006: 5001: 4997: 4992: 4988: 4978: 4976: 4968: 4967: 4963: 4953: 4951: 4942: 4941: 4937: 4927: 4925: 4916: 4915: 4911: 4891: 4890: 4886: 4879: 4864: 4863: 4859: 4846: 4845: 4841: 4831: 4829: 4820: 4819: 4815: 4805: 4803: 4802:. 13 March 1986 4794: 4793: 4789: 4779: 4777: 4768: 4767: 4763: 4753: 4751: 4742: 4741: 4737: 4728: 4727: 4723: 4709: 4708: 4704: 4688: 4687: 4678: 4668: 4666: 4658: 4657: 4653: 4640: 4630: 4623: 4621: 4612: 4611: 4607: 4598: 4597: 4593: 4579: 4578: 4569: 4561: 4557: 4552:. 18 June 2018. 4542: 4541: 4537: 4532: 4528: 4509: 4505: 4495: 4493: 4478: 4477: 4470: 4462:The Japan Times 4454: 4453: 4444: 4434: 4432: 4423: 4422: 4418: 4408: 4406: 4397: 4396: 4392: 4382: 4380: 4369: 4368: 4364: 4349: 4348: 4344: 4334: 4332: 4321: 4320: 4316: 4306: 4304: 4300:Times of Israel 4293: 4292: 4288: 4278: 4276: 4273:calcalist.co.il 4267: 4266: 4262: 4252: 4250: 4241: 4240: 4236: 4226: 4224: 4213: 4212: 4208: 4198: 4196: 4187: 4186: 4177: 4167: 4165: 4153: 4152: 4148: 4133: 4129: 4119: 4117: 4108: 4107: 4100: 4090: 4088: 4079: 4078: 4074: 4056: 4055: 4051: 4037: 4036: 4032: 4018: 4017: 4013: 3997: 3996: 3992: 3982: 3980: 3973: 3969: 3968: 3964: 3949: 3948: 3944: 3927: 3920: 3918: 3909: 3908: 3904: 3888: 3887: 3883: 3873: 3871: 3858: 3857: 3853: 3843: 3841: 3826: 3825: 3821: 3807: 3806: 3802: 3788: 3787: 3783: 3776: 3761: 3760: 3756: 3742: 3741: 3737: 3727: 3725: 3714: 3713: 3709: 3699: 3697: 3696:on 16 June 2012 3684: 3683: 3679: 3669: 3667: 3663:ABC News Online 3656: 3655: 3651: 3646:. 7 April 2005. 3636: 3635: 3631: 3612: 3611: 3607: 3597: 3595: 3584: 3583: 3579: 3572: 3563: 3556: 3547: 3532: 3531: 3527: 3516: 3514: 3510: 3499: 3494: 3493: 3489: 3474: 3473: 3469: 3454: 3453: 3449: 3434: 3433: 3429: 3414: 3413: 3409: 3395: 3394: 3390: 3383: 3366: 3365: 3361: 3351: 3349: 3341: 3340: 3336: 3328: 3324: 3314: 3312: 3311:on 3 April 2016 3299: 3298: 3294: 3282: 3278: 3277: 3273: 3263: 3261: 3252: 3251: 3247: 3235: 3231: 3230: 3226: 3211: 3210: 3206: 3196: 3194: 3183: 3182: 3178: 3168: 3166: 3157: 3156: 3152: 3142: 3140: 3132: 3131: 3127: 3122:. 21 June 2013. 3114: 3113: 3109: 3099: 3097: 3082: 3081: 3077: 3067: 3065: 3056: 3055: 3051: 3041: 3039: 3030: 3029: 3025: 3015: 3013: 3005: 3004: 3000: 2990: 2988: 2980: 2979: 2975: 2965: 2964: 2960: 2950: 2948: 2940: 2939: 2935: 2925: 2923: 2910: 2909: 2905: 2889: 2885: 2877: 2866: 2862: 2861: 2857: 2847: 2845: 2841: 2830: 2825: 2824: 2820: 2810: 2808: 2800: 2799: 2795: 2779: 2778: 2774: 2761: 2760: 2756: 2743: 2742: 2738: 2721: 2720: 2716: 2699: 2698: 2694: 2678: 2677: 2673: 2657: 2656: 2652: 2639: 2638: 2634: 2624: 2622: 2613: 2612: 2608: 2595: 2594: 2590: 2580: 2578: 2569: 2568: 2564: 2554: 2552: 2543: 2542: 2535: 2525: 2523: 2514: 2513: 2509: 2499: 2497: 2489: 2485: 2484: 2480: 2467: 2466: 2462: 2455: 2440: 2439: 2435: 2428: 2413: 2412: 2408: 2398: 2396: 2383: 2382: 2378: 2358: 2357: 2353: 2340: 2339: 2332: 2325: 2312: 2311: 2307: 2277: 2276: 2272: 2264: 2249: 2248: 2244: 2236: 2221: 2220: 2216: 2206: 2204: 2202: 2187: 2186: 2182: 2172: 2170: 2154: 2153: 2149: 2144:. Philadelphia. 2135: 2134: 2130: 2120: 2118: 2090: 2089: 2082: 2067: 2066: 2062: 2055: 2040: 2039: 2035: 2031: 2023:Steven Donziger 2008: 2004: 2000: 1996: 1992: 1988: 1958: 1953: 1949:Paper terrorism 1899:Franchise fraud 1883:Chilling effect 1868: 1707: 1702: 1687:External videos 1541:In March 2009, 1425: 1404:James Cartlidge 1378: 1369: 1341: 1317:rettspraksis.no 1313: 1260: 1249: 1212: 1186:, now owned by 1176: 1152: 1146: 1102: 1074: 1052: 1032: 1021: 1015: 1012: 997: 981: 970: 933:Garth Drabinsky 931:Businesspeople 795: 779:) and Fiocruz ( 769: 758: 714:": In the 2005 707: 702: 631: 623: 595: 589: 581:chilling effect 573: 516: 503: 485: 440:Delphine Abadie 421: 355: 335: 297: 281:political libel 277: 261: 256: 224:First Amendment 216:George W. Pring 204: 161:political libel 139:, which in the 129: 127:Characteristics 93:chilling effect 40:(also known as 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6546: 6544: 6536: 6535: 6530: 6525: 6520: 6515: 6510: 6505: 6495: 6494: 6488: 6487: 6485: 6484: 6479: 6474: 6469: 6468: 6467: 6456: 6454: 6450: 6449: 6447: 6446: 6441: 6436: 6431: 6426: 6421: 6416: 6411: 6406: 6401: 6396: 6395: 6394: 6384: 6383: 6382: 6377: 6372: 6362: 6356: 6354: 6350: 6349: 6347: 6346: 6344:Word filtering 6341: 6336: 6335: 6334: 6329: 6319: 6314: 6309: 6304: 6299: 6294: 6289: 6284: 6279: 6274: 6269: 6264: 6259: 6254: 6252:Heckler's veto 6249: 6244: 6239: 6234: 6229: 6228: 6227: 6217: 6212: 6207: 6202: 6197: 6192: 6187: 6182: 6177: 6172: 6166: 6164: 6160: 6159: 6157: 6156: 6155: 6154: 6144: 6139: 6138: 6137: 6127: 6122: 6117: 6112: 6107: 6102: 6097: 6096: 6095: 6085: 6084: 6083: 6073: 6072: 6071: 6060: 6058: 6054: 6053: 6048: 6046: 6045: 6038: 6031: 6023: 6017: 6016: 6010: 6004: 5998: 5993: 5987: 5982: 5968: 5967:External links 5965: 5960: 5959: 5939: 5933: 5920: 5900: 5894: 5888:. MoBeta Pub. 5878: 5874: 5873: 5868: 5862: 5861: 5850: 5849: 5847: 5844: 5842: 5841: 5809: 5791:The Wire China 5773: 5747: 5735:The Fresno Bee 5721: 5695: 5669: 5638: 5605: 5577: 5549: 5516: 5483: 5457: 5421: 5398: 5369: 5338: 5305: 5284: 5263: 5237: 5194: 5173: 5152: 5124: 5102: 5083: 5062: 5044: 5022: 5004: 4995: 4986: 4961: 4935: 4909: 4884: 4877: 4857: 4839: 4813: 4787: 4761: 4735: 4721: 4702: 4676: 4651: 4605: 4591: 4567: 4555: 4535: 4526: 4503: 4468: 4442: 4416: 4390: 4362: 4342: 4314: 4286: 4260: 4234: 4206: 4175: 4146: 4127: 4098: 4072: 4049: 4030: 4011: 3990: 3962: 3942: 3902: 3881: 3851: 3819: 3800: 3781: 3774: 3754: 3749:Record-Gazette 3735: 3707: 3677: 3649: 3629: 3605: 3577: 3561: 3545: 3525: 3487: 3467: 3447: 3445:561 S.E.2d 431 3427: 3407: 3388: 3381: 3359: 3334: 3322: 3292: 3271: 3245: 3224: 3204: 3176: 3150: 3125: 3107: 3075: 3049: 3023: 2998: 2973: 2958: 2933: 2903: 2883: 2855: 2818: 2793: 2772: 2754: 2736: 2714: 2692: 2671: 2650: 2632: 2606: 2603:. 23 May 2001. 2588: 2562: 2533: 2522:. 30 July 2002 2507: 2478: 2460: 2453: 2433: 2426: 2406: 2376: 2351: 2330: 2323: 2305: 2270: 2262: 2242: 2234: 2214: 2200: 2180: 2147: 2128: 2117:on 21 May 2013 2080: 2060: 2053: 2032: 2030: 2027: 2026: 2025: 2020: 2012: 1980: 1972: 1967: 1957: 1954: 1952: 1951: 1946: 1941: 1936: 1931: 1926: 1921: 1916: 1911: 1906: 1901: 1896: 1891: 1885: 1880: 1875: 1869: 1867: 1864: 1863: 1862: 1843: 1836:2019 elections 1808:The Fresno Bee 1792: 1757:discussed the 1716: 1715: 1698: 1697: 1689: 1688: 1682: 1681: 1678: 1656: 1649: 1642: 1638:court sanction 1631:James McGibney 1627: 1598: 1595: 1577: 1567: 1554: 1539: 1528: 1517: 1510: 1507: 1487: 1459: 1456: 1424: 1421: 1391:Putin's People 1377: 1376:United Kingdom 1374: 1368: 1365: 1340: 1337: 1329:Håkon Wium Lie 1312: 1309: 1248: 1245: 1240:Channel-2 News 1211: 1208: 1175: 1172: 1145: 1142: 1101: 1098: 1097: 1096: 1095: 1094: 1091: 1088: 1085: 1082: 1073: 1070: 1034: 1033: 984: 982: 975: 969: 966: 965: 964: 940: 929: 914: 902: 895: 883: 853: 829:Stephen Harper 825: 806: 794: 791: 790: 789: 768: 765: 764: 763: 757: 754: 753: 752: 706: 703: 701: 700:Notable SLAPPs 698: 652:Bill of Rights 630: 627: 622: 619: 591:Main article: 588: 585: 577:forum shopping 572: 571:Forum shopping 569: 515: 512: 502: 499: 484: 483:European Union 481: 444:William Sacher 436:Alain Deneault 420: 417: 382:Ontario Nature 376:, EcoJustice, 354: 351: 334: 331: 296: 293: 285:forum shopping 276: 273: 260: 257: 255: 252: 203: 200: 168:forum shopping 128: 125: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6545: 6534: 6531: 6529: 6526: 6524: 6521: 6519: 6516: 6514: 6511: 6509: 6506: 6504: 6501: 6500: 6498: 6483: 6480: 6478: 6475: 6473: 6470: 6466: 6463: 6462: 6461: 6458: 6457: 6455: 6451: 6445: 6444:Systemic bias 6442: 6440: 6437: 6435: 6432: 6430: 6427: 6425: 6422: 6420: 6417: 6415: 6412: 6410: 6407: 6405: 6402: 6400: 6397: 6393: 6390: 6389: 6388: 6385: 6381: 6378: 6376: 6373: 6371: 6368: 6367: 6366: 6363: 6361: 6358: 6357: 6355: 6351: 6345: 6342: 6340: 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5879: 5872: 5869: 5867: 5864: 5863: 5858: 5853: 5845: 5829: 5825: 5824: 5819: 5813: 5810: 5797: 5793: 5792: 5787: 5780: 5778: 5774: 5762: 5758: 5751: 5748: 5736: 5732: 5725: 5722: 5710: 5706: 5699: 5696: 5684: 5683:Above the Law 5680: 5673: 5670: 5658: 5654: 5647: 5645: 5643: 5639: 5626: 5622: 5621: 5616: 5615:"SLAPP Suits" 5609: 5606: 5594: 5593: 5592:Law and Crime 5588: 5581: 5578: 5566: 5565: 5560: 5553: 5550: 5537: 5533: 5532: 5527: 5520: 5517: 5505:on 4 May 2014 5504: 5500: 5499: 5494: 5487: 5484: 5471: 5467: 5461: 5458: 5442: 5438: 5431: 5425: 5422: 5409: 5402: 5399: 5387: 5383: 5376: 5374: 5370: 5358:on 6 May 2021 5357: 5353: 5349: 5342: 5339: 5326: 5322: 5321: 5316: 5309: 5306: 5301: 5300: 5295: 5288: 5285: 5280: 5273: 5267: 5264: 5252: 5248: 5241: 5238: 5233: 5227: 5212: 5205: 5198: 5195: 5190: 5189: 5184: 5177: 5174: 5169: 5168: 5163: 5156: 5153: 5141: 5140: 5135: 5128: 5125: 5120: 5116: 5112: 5106: 5103: 5098: 5094: 5087: 5084: 5079: 5075: 5069: 5067: 5063: 5058: 5054: 5048: 5045: 5040: 5036: 5035:Mindfully.org 5032: 5026: 5023: 5018: 5014: 5008: 5005: 4999: 4996: 4990: 4987: 4974: 4973: 4965: 4962: 4950: 4946: 4939: 4936: 4924: 4920: 4913: 4910: 4905: 4901: 4900: 4895: 4892:Ashley, Guy. 4888: 4885: 4880: 4874: 4870: 4869: 4861: 4858: 4853: 4849: 4843: 4840: 4828: 4824: 4817: 4814: 4801: 4797: 4791: 4788: 4775: 4771: 4765: 4762: 4750: 4746: 4739: 4736: 4731: 4725: 4722: 4717: 4713: 4706: 4703: 4698: 4697: 4696:Press Gazette 4692: 4685: 4683: 4681: 4677: 4665: 4661: 4655: 4652: 4647: 4635: 4620: 4616: 4609: 4606: 4602:. 5 May 2020. 4601: 4595: 4592: 4587: 4583: 4576: 4574: 4572: 4568: 4564: 4559: 4556: 4551: 4550: 4545: 4539: 4536: 4530: 4527: 4523: 4519: 4516: 4513: 4507: 4504: 4491: 4487: 4486: 4481: 4475: 4473: 4469: 4464: 4463: 4458: 4451: 4449: 4447: 4443: 4431:. 26 May 2016 4430: 4426: 4420: 4417: 4404: 4400: 4394: 4391: 4378: 4377: 4372: 4366: 4363: 4358: 4357: 4352: 4346: 4343: 4330: 4329: 4324: 4318: 4315: 4302: 4301: 4296: 4290: 4287: 4274: 4270: 4264: 4261: 4248: 4244: 4238: 4235: 4223: 4222: 4217: 4210: 4207: 4194: 4190: 4184: 4182: 4180: 4176: 4164: 4160: 4156: 4155:Gerbic, Susan 4150: 4147: 4143: 4142: 4137: 4131: 4128: 4116: 4112: 4105: 4103: 4099: 4086: 4082: 4076: 4073: 4069: 4063: 4059: 4053: 4050: 4045: 4041: 4034: 4031: 4026: 4022: 4015: 4012: 4007: 4006: 4005:National Post 4001: 3994: 3991: 3979: 3972: 3966: 3963: 3958: 3957: 3952: 3946: 3943: 3938: 3932: 3916: 3912: 3906: 3903: 3898: 3897: 3892: 3885: 3882: 3869: 3865: 3861: 3855: 3852: 3839: 3835: 3834: 3829: 3823: 3820: 3815: 3811: 3804: 3801: 3796: 3792: 3785: 3782: 3777: 3771: 3767: 3766: 3758: 3755: 3750: 3746: 3739: 3736: 3724: 3723: 3718: 3711: 3708: 3695: 3691: 3687: 3681: 3678: 3665: 3664: 3659: 3653: 3650: 3645: 3644: 3639: 3633: 3630: 3625: 3621: 3620: 3615: 3609: 3606: 3594: 3593: 3588: 3581: 3578: 3575: 3570: 3568: 3566: 3562: 3559: 3554: 3552: 3550: 3546: 3540: 3536: 3529: 3526: 3509: 3505: 3498: 3491: 3488: 3482: 3478: 3471: 3468: 3465:543 S.E.2d 65 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