114:(FDA) in June 2021, in a controversial decision that led to the resignation of three advisers to the FDA in the absence of evidence that the medication is effective. The FDA stated that it represents a first-of-its-kind treatment approved for Alzheimer's disease and that it is the first new treatment approved for Alzheimer's since 2003. Aducanumab's approval is controversial for numerous reasons including ambiguous clinical trial results regarding
2867:
1647:
1459:
1388:
1147:
695:
129:
In
November 2020, a panel of outside experts for the FDA concluded that a pivotal study of aducanumab failed to show strong evidence that the medication worked, citing questionable efficacy and multiple red flags found with the data analysis. There were also significant health risks associated with
2279:
2272:
1776:
Lyu D, Lyu X, Huang L, Fang B (July 2023). "Effects of three kinds of anti-amyloid-β drugs on clinical, biomarker, neuroimaging outcomes and safety indexes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of phase II/III clinical trials in
Alzheimer's disease".
2265:
329:
treated with anti-amyloid drugs would reach the brain volume associated with full
Alzheimer's disease eight months earlier than those who received no such treatment. The significance of the brain volume loss caused by these drugs is unknown.
183:
or mild dementia. In clinical trials, it demonstrated modest efficacy in reducing relative cognitive decline compared to placebo. The most common side effects of lecanemab include headache, infusion-related reactions, and
135:
352:, and other anti-amyloid drugs. Hippocampal, ventricular, and whole brain volumes are reported in studies and declines in all three have been found. However, the affected parts of the brain are not fully understood.
1551:"EISAI'S APPROACH TO U.S. PRICING FOR LEQEMBI™ (LECANEMAB), A TREATMENT FOR EARLY ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE, SETS FORTH OUR CONCEPT OF "SOCIETAL VALUE OF MEDICINE" IN RELATION TO "PRICE OF MEDICINE" | News Release：2023"
271:
but slight clinical effect of these drugs emerges in patients with early AD after 18 months" and states, "The risk/benefit ratio of this class of drugs in early AD remains so far questionable after 18 months."
579:"High-clearance anti-amyloid immunotherapies in Alzheimer's disease. Part 2: putative scenarios and timeline in case of approval, recommendations for use, implementation, and ethical considerations in France"
919:
283:, "Anti-Aβ antibodies represent a significant advance in the treatment of AD, but their effectiveness is moderate and much work remains to be done to improve their efficacy, safety and accessibility."
1444:
1026:
267:
A 2023 review found that "Anti-Aβ drugs have relatively low efficacy in preventing cognitive decline, and they reduce pathological productions with acceptable safety." A 2022 review finds "a
1373:
1305:
1244:
286:
In a 2023 commentary, the authors express concern that the results of the trials, which are based on scoring by patients and their caregivers, of these drugs could be confounded by
258:. Treatment is intended for patients with mild cognitive impairment or mild dementia stage of disease, which is the same population the treatment was studied in the clinical trials.
680:
1632:
1095:
1340:
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202:
for medical use in the United States in
January 2023, and fully approved by the FDA in July 2023. Lecanemab was priced at $ 26,500 per year in the United States. The
1173:
761:
Sevigny J, Chiao P, Bussière T, Weinreb PH, Williams L, Maier M, et al. (September 2016). "The antibody aducanumab reduces Aβ plaques in
Alzheimer's disease".
1825:"High-clearance anti-amyloid immunotherapies in Alzheimer's disease. Part 1: Meta-analysis and review of efficacy and safety data, and medico-economical aspects"
130:
the medication; brain swelling or brain bleeding was found in 41% of patients enrolled in the studies. Nevertheless, the medication was approved under the FDA's
2100:
911:
1275:
530:"Impacts of FDA approval and Medicare restriction on antiamyloid therapies for Alzheimer's disease: patient outcomes, healthcare costs, and drug development"
1488:
953:
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1432:
1062:
337:(ARIA) have been suggested as a possible cause of the accelerated brain volume loss. Others say it may be attributed to the reduction in amyloid plaques.
1865:
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1365:
134:, and the FDA requires Biogen to perform follow-up reviews to assure the medication is a safe and effective treatment for Alzheimer's disease. The
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1332:
631:
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2126:
1510:
814:"Comparative Analysis of Aducanumab, Zagotenemab and Pioglitazone as Targeted Treatment Strategies for Alzheimer's Disease"
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38:
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ruled against approving the drug. In Great
Britain, the drug was approved but will not be covered by the English
203:
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123:
54:
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was asked to investigate interaction between the drug company and the FDA prior to the medication's approval.
1824:
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84:
30:
325:
and is accelerated by anti-amyloid drugs developed to treat it. One meta-analysis found that people with
396:"News & views: anti-amyloid antibodies and novel emerging approaches to Alzheimer's disease in 2023"
242:
26:
95:(Aβ) found in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease to reduce its buildup. It was developed by
1196:
1950:"Accelerated Brain Volume Loss Caused by Anti–β-Amyloid Drugs: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis"
770:
199:
176:
104:
2215:
2144:
1090:
975:
Mahase E (June 2021). "Three FDA advisory panel members resign over approval of
Alzheimer's drug".
234:
164:
88:
80:
37:, but it did not show effectiveness in later-stage trials. The first drug to be approved by the US
2709:
2510:
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1201:
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1000:
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365:
The approved anti-amyloid drugs were developed after years of unsuccessful attempts to develop a
1664:
Mintun MA, Lo AC, Duggan Evans C, Wessels AM, Ardayfio PA, Andersen SW, et al. (May 2021).
1268:"Acting FDA commissioner calls for independent investigation into approval of Alzheimer's drug"
290:
produced by adverse effects. They also support running studies designed to distinguish between
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2135:
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1899:"Key questions for the evaluation of anti-amyloid immunotherapies for Alzheimer's disease"
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Concerns have been raised about the high cost of the drugs and accessibility to patients.
191:
100:
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2006:
1982:
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838:
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713:
554:
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1897:
Liu KY, Villain N, Ayton S, Ackley SF, Planche V, Howard R, et al. (2 May 2023).
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1086:"FDA releases fresh details on internal debate over controversial Alzheimer's drug"
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34:
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879:
862:
812:
Abyadeh M, Gupta V, Gupta V, Chitranshi N, Wu Y, Amirkhani A, et al. (2021).
1965:
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2500:
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2150:
254:
Donanemab was approved for medical use in the United States in July 2024 by the
1722:
1418:
545:
412:
188:, a side effect known to occur with the class of antibodies targeting amyloid.
2777:
2694:
2674:
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2616:
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2401:
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2367:
2333:
2186:
2181:
2155:
1790:
1197:"Concerns Grow Over Safety of Aduhelm After Death of Patient Who Got the Drug"
1019:"3 Experts Have Resigned From An FDA Committee Over Alzheimer's Drug Approval"
345:
287:
76:
67:
42:
2042:
1973:
1853:
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485:
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1117:
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1991:
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996:
888:
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790:
747:
604:
563:
503:
431:
1682:
1665:
1433:"FDA Converts Novel Alzheimer's Disease Treatment to Traditional Approval"
2638:
2113:
1053:"Three F.D.A. Advisers Resign Over Agency's Approval of Alzheimer's Drug"
115:
782:
2165:
1707:"Alzheimer Disease: An Update on Pathobiology and Treatment Strategies"
136:
Office of
Inspector General, US Department of Health and Human Services
2023:
2005:
Perneczky R, Dom G, Chan A, Falkai P, Bassetti C (11 September 2023).
988:
912:"Biogen takes full control of troubled Aduhelm in revamped Eisai deal"
729:
466:
448:
Perneczky R, Dom G, Chan A, Falkai P, Bassetti C (11 September 2023).
33:. The first drug in the class to be developed, in the early 2000s, is
1298:"Biogen will stop selling its controversial Alzheimer's drug Aduhelm"
863:"What lessons can be learned from failed Alzheimer's disease trials?"
195:
96:
1755:"FDA approves treatment for Alzheimer's disease - The Yucatan Times"
1407:"Debate rages over Alzheimer's drug lecanemab as UK limits approval"
1118:
Advancing Health
Through Innovation: New Drug Therapy Approvals 2021
118:, the high cost of the medication and the very high rate of serious
110:
Aducanumab was approved for medical use in the United States by the
1366:"FDA Grants Accelerated Approval for Alzheimer's Disease Treatment"
1650:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1462:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1391:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1237:"FDA's Decision to Approve New Treatment for Alzheimer's Disease"
1150:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
698:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
140:
Biogen abandoned the drug in
January 2024, for financial reasons.
2297:
2232:
1046:
1044:
829:
2261:
2082:
2291:
for bone, musculoskeletal, circulatory, and neurologic systems
1327:
1325:
1323:
626:
624:
622:
207:
1621:"FDA approves treatment for adults with Alzheimer's disease"
1615:
1613:
1611:
1360:
1358:
1166:"FDA panel urges rejection of experimental Alzheimer's drug"
663:
661:
659:
657:
2007:"Anti-amyloid antibody treatments for Alzheimer's disease"
450:"Anti-amyloid antibody treatments for Alzheimer's disease"
53:
As of 2022, none of these drugs has been approved by the
528:
Brockmann R, Nixon J, Love BL, Yunusa I (1 March 2023).
669:"FDA Grants Accelerated Approval for Alzheimer's Drug"
310:
are a relatively uncommon but serious adverse effect.
2855:
340:
Accelerated brain volume loss has been reported with
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2770:
2761:
2741:
2732:
2662:
2604:
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2509:
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2465:
2389:
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2351:
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2305:
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2230:
2174:
2125:
1576:"First drug to slow Alzheimer's too costly for NHS"
712:Walsh S, Merrick R, Milne R, Brayne C (July 2021).
942:"Drug Approval Package: Aduhelm (aducanumab-avwa)"
1823:Villain N, Planche V, Levy R (1 December 2022).
1948:Alves F, Kalinowski P, Ayton S (16 May 2023).
1518:Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER)
577:Villain N, Planche V, Levy R (December 2022).
2273:
2094:
1590:"Kisunla- donanemab-azbt injection, solution"
8:
523:
521:
443:
441:
2767:
2738:
2601:
2386:
2357:
2302:
2280:
2266:
2258:
2101:
2087:
2079:
1818:
1816:
1164:Marchione M, Perrone M (6 November 2020).
233:, sold under the brand name Kisunla, is a
210:due to its unfavorable benefit–cost ratio.
163:, sold under the brand name Leqembi, is a
91:that targets aggregated forms (plaque) of
79:, sold under the brand name Aduhelm, is a
2050:
2032:
2022:
1981:
1924:
1914:
1843:
1730:
1681:
1333:"Leqembi – lecanemab injection, solution"
878:
837:
737:
632:"Aduhelm- aducanumab injection, solution"
594:
553:
493:
475:
465:
421:
411:
1666:"Donanemab in Early Alzheimer's Disease"
2862:
386:
1892:
1890:
1888:
1886:
867:Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology
1705:Long JM, Holtzman DM (October 2019).
1176:from the original on 17 November 2021
1098:from the original on 19 November 2021
1065:from the original on 14 November 2021
1051:Belluck P, Robbins R (10 June 2021).
956:from the original on 2 September 2021
714:"Aducanumab for Alzheimer's disease?"
335:Amyloid-related imaging abnormalities
308:Amyloid-related imaging abnormalities
303:Amyloid related imaging abnormalities
250:amyloid-related imaging abnormalities
248:The most common side effects include
186:amyloid-related imaging abnormalities
167:medication used for the treatment of
7:
1871:from the original on 10 January 2024
1343:from the original on 15 January 2023
1308:from the original on 31 January 2024
1135:from the original on 6 December 2022
175:-directed antibody. It is given via
1670:The New England Journal of Medicine
1531:from the original on 7 January 2023
1376:from the original on 7 January 2023
1278:from the original on 13 August 2021
190:Lecanemab was jointly developed by
2888:Anti-amyloid monoclonal antibodies
922:from the original on 21 March 2022
14:
1217:from the original on 20 July 2022
1029:from the original on 11 June 2021
642:from the original on 14 June 2021
534:Lancet Regional Health - Americas
333:The mechanism is not understood.
277:European Association of Neurology
2865:
1645:
1635:from the original on 2 July 2024
1491:from the original on 9 July 2023
1477:"Drug Approval Package: Leqembi"
1457:
1447:from the original on 6 July 2023
1386:
1247:from the original on 8 June 2021
1145:
693:
683:from the original on 8 June 2021
281:European Psychiatric Association
220:This section is an excerpt from
150:This section is an excerpt from
66:This section is an excerpt from
2207:Meclofenoxate (centrophenoxine)
122:. The FDA considers it to be a
1631:(Press release). 2 July 2024.
1443:(Press release). 6 July 2023.
1195:Belluck P (22 November 2021).
679:(Press release). 7 June 2021.
1:
2011:European Journal of Neurology
880:10.1586/17512433.2015.1034690
454:European Journal of Neurology
314:Accelerated brain volume loss
275:From a 2023 statement by the
241:. Donanemab was developed by
1966:10.1212/WNL.0000000000207156
1845:10.1016/j.neurol.2022.06.012
1627:Food and Drug Administration
1522:Food and Drug Administration
1483:Food and Drug Administration
1439:Food and Drug Administration
1370:Food and Drug Administration
1241:Food and Drug Administration
1127:Food and Drug Administration
948:Food and Drug Administration
675:Food and Drug Administration
596:10.1016/j.neurol.2022.08.002
256:Food and Drug Administration
132:accelerated approval pathway
112:Food and Drug Administration
39:Food and Drug Administration
1266:Gumbrecht J (9 July 2021).
1084:McGinley L (22 June 2021).
400:Molecular Neurodegeneration
367:disease-modifying treatment
2904:
1916:10.1093/braincomms/fcad175
1723:10.1016/j.cell.2019.09.001
1511:"Lecanemab Summary Review"
1419:10.1038/d41586-024-02720-y
546:10.1016/j.lana.2023.100467
413:10.1186/s13024-023-00656-x
237:used for the treatment of
219:
149:
103:. Aducanumab is given via
65:
2816:
2034:10067/1987770151162165141
1791:10.1016/j.arr.2023.101959
1405:Kwon D (22 August 2024).
477:10067/1987770151162165141
369:for Alzheimer's disease.
327:mild cognitive impairment
294:and symptomatic effects.
269:statistically significant
204:European Medicines Agency
181:mild cognitive impairment
124:first-in-class medication
55:European Medicines Agency
1779:Ageing Research Reviews
1372:(FDA). 6 January 2023.
1131:(Report). 13 May 2022.
910:Liu A (15 March 2022).
23:anti-amyloid antibodies
2734:Angiogenesis inhibitor
1368:(Press release). U.S.
25:(AAA), are a class of
1683:10.1056/NEJMoa2100708
321:loss is a symptom of
243:Eli Lilly and Company
27:monoclonal antibodies
1903:Brain Communications
1243:(FDA). 7 June 2021.
200:accelerated approval
177:intravenous infusion
105:intravenous infusion
1960:(20): e2114–e2124.
1487:. 6 February 2023.
1339:. 11 January 2023.
1091:The Washington Post
861:Toyn J (May 2015).
783:10.1038/nature19323
775:2016Natur.537...50S
356:Society and culture
323:Alzheimer's disease
239:Alzheimer's disease
235:monoclonal antibody
169:Alzheimer's disease
165:monoclonal antibody
89:monoclonal antibody
85:Alzheimer's disease
81:monoclonal antibody
31:Alzheimer's disease
29:developed to treat
2843:Never to phase III
2612:Anti-amyloid drugs
1832:Revue Neurologique
1202:The New York Times
1058:The New York Times
583:Revue Neurologique
171:. Lecanemab is an
83:designed to treat
19:Anti-amyloid drugs
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2811:
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2756:
2728:
2727:
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2590:
2376:
2375:
2347:
2346:
2255:
2254:
2175:Other medications
2116:agents (ATC code
2024:10.1111/ene.16049
1838:(10): 1011–1030.
1676:(18): 1691–1704.
989:10.1136/bmj.n1503
818:Aging and Disease
730:10.1136/bmj.n1682
467:10.1111/ene.16049
292:disease-modifying
198:. It was granted
179:to patients with
2895:
2870:
2869:
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2768:
2739:
2602:
2519:Alacizumab pegol
2387:
2358:
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2282:
2275:
2268:
2259:
2110:Psychoanaleptics
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2002:
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1192:
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1170:Associated Press
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1103:
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1070:
1048:
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1038:
1036:
1034:
1025:. 11 June 2021.
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1008:
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966:
965:
963:
961:
952:. 22 June 2021.
938:
932:
931:
929:
927:
907:
901:
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882:
858:
852:
851:
841:
824:(8): 1964–1976.
809:
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741:
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703:
697:
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692:
690:
688:
665:
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628:
617:
616:
598:
589:(10): 999–1010.
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568:
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516:
515:
497:
479:
469:
445:
436:
435:
425:
415:
394:Gandy S (2023).
391:
361:Drug development
21:, also known as
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2833:Clinical trials
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2724:
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2587:
2505:
2482:
2461:
2372:
2353:Musculoskeletal
2343:
2322:
2292:
2286:
2256:
2251:
2226:
2170:
2136:Benzgalantamine
2121:
2107:
2077:
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2004:
2003:
1999:
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1404:
1403:
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1356:
1346:
1344:
1331:
1330:
1321:
1311:
1309:
1296:
1295:
1291:
1281:
1279:
1265:
1264:
1260:
1250:
1248:
1235:
1234:
1230:
1220:
1218:
1194:
1193:
1189:
1179:
1177:
1163:
1162:
1158:
1146:
1138:
1136:
1120:
1116:
1115:
1111:
1101:
1099:
1083:
1082:
1078:
1068:
1066:
1050:
1049:
1042:
1032:
1030:
1017:
1016:
1012:
974:
973:
969:
959:
957:
940:
939:
935:
925:
923:
909:
908:
904:
860:
859:
855:
811:
810:
806:
769:(7618): 50–56.
760:
759:
755:
711:
710:
706:
694:
686:
684:
667:
666:
655:
645:
643:
630:
629:
620:
576:
575:
571:
527:
526:
519:
447:
446:
439:
393:
392:
388:
383:
375:
363:
358:
316:
305:
300:
298:Adverse effects
265:
260:
259:
225:
217:
212:
211:
155:
147:
142:
141:
71:
63:
51:
12:
11:
5:
2901:
2899:
2891:
2890:
2880:
2879:
2875:
2874:
2851:
2850:
2847:
2846:
2845:
2844:
2841:
2830:
2824:
2818:
2817:
2814:
2813:
2810:
2809:
2807:
2806:
2801:
2795:
2793:
2789:
2788:
2786:
2785:
2780:
2774:
2772:
2765:
2759:
2758:
2755:
2754:
2752:
2751:
2745:
2743:
2736:
2730:
2729:
2726:
2725:
2723:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2666:
2664:
2660:
2659:
2657:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2635:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2608:
2606:
2599:
2593:
2592:
2589:
2588:
2586:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2521:
2515:
2513:
2507:
2506:
2504:
2503:
2498:
2492:
2490:
2484:
2483:
2481:
2480:
2475:
2469:
2467:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2393:
2391:
2384:
2378:
2377:
2374:
2373:
2371:
2370:
2364:
2362:
2355:
2349:
2348:
2345:
2344:
2342:
2341:
2336:
2330:
2328:
2324:
2323:
2321:
2320:
2315:
2309:
2307:
2300:
2294:
2293:
2287:
2285:
2284:
2277:
2270:
2262:
2253:
2252:
2250:
2249:
2244:
2238:
2236:
2228:
2227:
2225:
2224:
2219:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2178:
2176:
2172:
2171:
2169:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2138:
2132:
2130:
2127:AChE inhibitor
2123:
2122:
2108:
2106:
2105:
2098:
2091:
2083:
2075:
2074:
1997:
1940:
1909:(3): fcad175.
1901:. Commentary.
1882:
1812:
1768:
1757:. 12 July 2024
1746:
1717:(2): 312–339.
1697:
1656:
1607:
1581:
1567:
1555:Eisai Co., Ltd
1542:
1502:
1468:
1424:
1397:
1354:
1319:
1289:
1258:
1228:
1187:
1156:
1109:
1076:
1040:
1010:
967:
933:
902:
873:(3): 267–269.
853:
804:
753:
704:
653:
618:
569:
517:
437:
385:
384:
382:
379:
374:
371:
362:
359:
357:
354:
315:
312:
304:
301:
299:
296:
264:
261:
252:and headache.
226:
218:
216:
213:
156:
148:
146:
143:
120:adverse events
72:
64:
62:
59:
50:
49:Approved drugs
47:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2900:
2889:
2886:
2885:
2883:
2873:
2863:
2859:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2819:
2815:
2805:
2804:Landogrozumab
2802:
2800:
2797:
2796:
2794:
2790:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2775:
2773:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2763:Growth factor
2760:
2750:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2731:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2667:
2665:
2661:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2614:
2613:
2610:
2609:
2607:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2594:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2573:Ralpancizumab
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2516:
2514:
2512:
2508:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2489:
2485:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2470:
2468:
2464:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2407:Ascrinvacumab
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2394:
2392:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2379:
2369:
2366:
2365:
2363:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2350:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2331:
2329:
2325:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2295:
2290:
2283:
2278:
2276:
2271:
2269:
2264:
2263:
2260:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2231:Experimental
2229:
2223:
2220:
2217:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2197:Ginkgo folium
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2173:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2146:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2124:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2104:
2099:
2097:
2092:
2090:
2085:
2084:
2081:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2017:(2): e16049.
2016:
2012:
2008:
2001:
1998:
1993:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1944:
1941:
1936:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1893:
1891:
1889:
1887:
1883:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1826:
1819:
1817:
1813:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1792:
1788:
1784:
1780:
1772:
1769:
1756:
1750:
1747:
1742:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1701:
1698:
1693:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1660:
1657:
1653:
1652:public domain
1634:
1630:
1628:
1622:
1616:
1614:
1612:
1608:
1596:. 2 July 2024
1595:
1591:
1585:
1582:
1577:
1571:
1568:
1556:
1552:
1546:
1543:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1512:
1506:
1503:
1490:
1486:
1484:
1478:
1472:
1469:
1465:
1464:public domain
1446:
1442:
1440:
1434:
1428:
1425:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1401:
1398:
1394:
1393:public domain
1375:
1371:
1367:
1361:
1359:
1355:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1328:
1326:
1324:
1320:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1293:
1290:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1262:
1259:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1232:
1229:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1203:
1198:
1191:
1188:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1160:
1157:
1153:
1152:public domain
1134:
1130:
1128:
1119:
1113:
1110:
1097:
1093:
1092:
1087:
1080:
1077:
1064:
1060:
1059:
1054:
1047:
1045:
1041:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1014:
1011:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
986:
982:
978:
971:
968:
955:
951:
949:
943:
937:
934:
921:
917:
916:Fierce Pharma
913:
906:
903:
898:
894:
890:
886:
881:
876:
872:
868:
864:
857:
854:
849:
845:
840:
835:
831:
827:
823:
819:
815:
808:
805:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
757:
754:
749:
745:
740:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
708:
705:
701:
700:public domain
682:
678:
676:
670:
664:
662:
660:
658:
654:
641:
637:
633:
627:
625:
623:
619:
614:
610:
606:
602:
597:
592:
588:
584:
580:
573:
570:
565:
561:
556:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
532:. Viewpoint.
531:
524:
522:
518:
513:
509:
505:
501:
496:
491:
487:
483:
478:
473:
468:
463:
460:(2): e16049.
459:
455:
451:
444:
442:
438:
433:
429:
424:
419:
414:
409:
405:
401:
397:
390:
387:
380:
378:
372:
370:
368:
360:
355:
353:
351:
347:
343:
338:
336:
331:
328:
324:
320:
313:
311:
309:
302:
297:
295:
293:
289:
284:
282:
278:
273:
270:
262:
257:
253:
251:
246:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
223:
214:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
187:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
153:
144:
139:
137:
133:
127:
125:
121:
117:
113:
108:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
69:
60:
58:
56:
48:
46:
44:
40:
36:
32:
28:
24:
20:
16:
2799:Domagrozumab
2690:Galcanezumab
2685:Fremanezumab
2670:Bapineuzumab
2627:Gantenerumab
2611:
2568:Idarucizumab
2558:Etaracizumab
2543:Caplacizumab
2538:Brolucizumab
2247:Verubecestat
2242:Lanabecestat
2161:Rivastigmine
2014:
2010:
2000:
1957:
1953:
1943:
1906:
1902:
1873:. Retrieved
1835:
1831:
1782:
1778:
1771:
1759:. Retrieved
1749:
1714:
1710:
1700:
1673:
1669:
1659:
1637:. Retrieved
1624:
1598:. Retrieved
1593:
1584:
1570:
1560:19 September
1558:. Retrieved
1554:
1545:
1533:. Retrieved
1517:
1505:
1493:. Retrieved
1480:
1471:
1449:. Retrieved
1436:
1427:
1410:
1400:
1378:. Retrieved
1345:. Retrieved
1336:
1310:. Retrieved
1301:
1292:
1280:. Retrieved
1271:
1261:
1249:. Retrieved
1231:
1219:. Retrieved
1200:
1190:
1178:. Retrieved
1169:
1159:
1137:. Retrieved
1124:
1112:
1100:. Retrieved
1089:
1079:
1067:. Retrieved
1056:
1031:. Retrieved
1022:
1013:
980:
976:
970:
958:. Retrieved
945:
936:
924:. Retrieved
915:
905:
870:
866:
856:
821:
817:
807:
766:
762:
756:
721:
717:
707:
685:. Retrieved
672:
644:. Retrieved
635:
586:
582:
572:
537:
533:
457:
453:
403:
399:
389:
376:
364:
339:
332:
319:Brain volume
317:
306:
285:
274:
266:
247:
229:
227:
173:amyloid beta
159:
157:
128:
109:
93:amyloid beta
75:
73:
52:
35:bapineuzumab
22:
18:
17:
15:
2829:from market
2783:Trevogrumab
2749:Ranibizumab
2715:Solanezumab
2710:Semorinemab
2705:Refanezumab
2680:Eptinezumab
2583:Vanucizumab
2578:Tadocizumab
2533:Bococizumab
2528:Ranibizumab
2524:Bevacizumab
2501:Volociximab
2452:Ramucirumab
2412:Bentracimab
2382:Circulatory
2339:Romosozumab
2289:Monoclonals
2222:Nicergoline
2151:Galantamine
2129:medications
2120:and others)
1282:1 September
960:1 September
830:10.14336/AD
2778:Bimagrumab
2695:Ozanezumab
2675:Crenezumab
2654:Opicinumab
2649:Fulranumab
2617:Aducanumab
2597:Neurologic
2553:Emicizumab
2548:Demcizumab
2442:Nesvacumab
2437:Inclacumab
2427:Evolocumab
2422:Evinacumab
2417:Enoticumab
2402:Alirocumab
2397:Abelacimab
2368:Stamulumab
2334:Blosozumab
2235:inhibitors
2216:+donepezil
2187:Bifemelane
2182:Aducanumab
2156:Ipidacrine
2145:+memantine
1875:10 January
1785:: 101959.
1347:21 January
1312:1 February
1139:22 January
540:: 100467.
381:References
346:aducanumab
288:unblinding
87:. It is a
77:Aducanumab
68:Aducanumab
61:Aducanumab
45:—in 2021.
43:aducanumab
2839:Phase III
2827:Withdrawn
2792:Humanized
2742:Humanized
2720:Tanezumab
2700:Ponezumab
2663:Humanized
2644:Fasinumab
2632:Lecanemab
2622:Donanemab
2563:Faricimab
2511:Humanized
2496:Abciximab
2478:Imciromab
2473:Biciromab
2457:Rinucumab
2447:Orticumab
2432:Icrucumab
2327:Humanized
2318:Denosumab
2313:Burosumab
2212:Memantine
2202:Lecanemab
2192:Donanemab
2141:Donepezil
2069:261694703
2043:1351-5101
1974:0028-3878
1954:Neurology
1854:0035-3787
1807:258808777
1600:15 August
1535:7 January
1380:7 January
1211:0362-4331
1005:235405355
983:: n1503.
799:205250312
724:: n1682.
613:253349289
512:261694703
486:1351-5101
406:(1): 66.
350:donanemab
342:lecanemab
231:Donanemab
222:Donanemab
215:Donanemab
161:Lecanemab
152:Lecanemab
145:Lecanemab
41:(FDA) is
2882:Category
2872:Medicine
2639:Erenumab
2488:Chimeric
2114:dementia
2061:37697714
2052:11235913
1992:36973044
1983:10186239
1935:37389302
1926:10306158
1866:Archived
1862:36184326
1799:37217078
1741:31564456
1692:33720637
1633:Archived
1594:DailyMed
1526:Archived
1489:Archived
1445:Archived
1374:Archived
1341:Archived
1337:DailyMed
1306:Archived
1302:ABC News
1276:Archived
1245:Archived
1215:Archived
1174:Archived
1133:Archived
1096:Archived
1063:Archived
1027:Archived
997:34117086
954:Archived
926:21 March
920:Archived
897:35158630
889:25860157
848:34881080
791:27582220
748:34226181
681:Archived
640:Archived
636:DailyMed
605:36336488
564:36908502
504:37697714
495:11235913
432:37749530
423:10518943
279:and the
263:Efficacy
116:efficacy
2166:Tacrine
2112:: Anti-
1761:15 July
1732:6778042
1524:(FDA).
1520:. U.S.
1239:. U.S.
1221:20 July
1102:24 June
1069:14 June
1033:11 June
839:8612603
771:Bibcode
739:8258645
646:14 June
555:9996432
2858:Portal
2822:WHO-EM
2067:
2059:
2049:
2041:
1990:
1980:
1972:
1933:
1923:
1860:
1852:
1805:
1797:
1739:
1729:
1690:
1639:2 July
1495:8 July
1451:6 July
1411:Nature
1251:7 June
1209:
1180:8 June
1003:
995:
895:
887:
846:
836:
797:
789:
763:Nature
746:
736:
687:7 June
611:
603:
562:
552:
510:
502:
492:
484:
430:
420:
196:Biogen
97:Biogen
2771:Human
2605:Human
2466:Mouse
2390:Human
2361:Human
2306:Human
2065:S2CID
1869:(PDF)
1828:(PDF)
1803:S2CID
1629:(FDA)
1625:U.S.
1529:(PDF)
1514:(PDF)
1485:(FDA)
1481:U.S.
1441:(FDA)
1437:U.S.
1129:(FDA)
1125:U.S.
1121:(PDF)
1001:S2CID
950:(FDA)
946:U.S.
893:S2CID
795:S2CID
677:(FDA)
673:U.S.
609:S2CID
508:S2CID
192:Eisai
101:Eisai
2298:Bone
2233:BACE
2118:N06D
2057:PMID
2039:ISSN
1988:PMID
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