Anti-miscegenation laws - Knowledge (XXG)

2912:, contains a pivotal essay by Herbert Kier on the recommendations for race legislation which devoted a quarter of its pages to U.S. legislation—from segregation, race based citizenship, immigration regulations, and anti-miscegenation. The Nazis enacted miscegenation statutes which discriminated against Jews, Roma and Sinti ("Gypsies"), and Black people. The Nazis considered the Jews to be a race supposedly bound by close genetic (blood) ties to form a unit which one could neither join nor secede from, rather than a religious group of people. The influence of 2605: 3001:) — would continue. However, the government eased the conditions for the divorce of mixed marriages. In the beginning the Nazi authorities hoped to make the 'Aryan' partner get a divorce from their non-Aryan-classified spouses, by granting easy legal divorce procedures and opportunities for the 'Aryan' spouse to withhold most of the common property after a divorce. Those who stuck to their spouse would suffer discriminations like dismissal from public employment, exclusion from civic society organisations, etc. 2949: 2968:('Gesetz zum Schutze des deutschen Blutes und der deutschen Ehre'), enacted on 15 September 1935, forbade sexual relations and marriages between Germans classified as so-called 'Aryans' and Germans classified as Jews. This applied also to marriages concluded in Germany with only one spouse of German citizenship. On 26 November 1935, the law was extended to include, "Gypsies, Negroes or their bastard offspring". Such extramarital 3355:, attempted to defend their relationships with native women as being purely physical, while their relationship with a white wife was "purer". The 1909 circular was part of a wider British movement to maintain an "imperial race" kept at a distance from the native population. However, these efforts did not amount to a rigorous effort to eradicate such practices due to the large number of officials who engaged in such relationships. 2617: 6232: 5412: 2143: 6252: 51: 6242: 5441: 3032:, because in many cases the classification of one spouse as non-Aryan was only due to her or his grandparents being enrolled with a Jewish congregation or else classified as non-Aryan. In many cases both spouses had a common faith, either because the parents had already converted or because at marrying one spouse converted to the religion of the second ( 4127:, the discriminations and easements caused a divorce rate of mixed marriages 20% above the general average. Many divorces followed after the couple succeeded in achieving a visa and thus emigration for the Jewish-classified spouse, so the divorce would lift the discriminations hitting the 'Aryan'-classified spouse, who stayed at home. Cf. Beate Meyer, 2982:, often entailing the inmate's death. Germans of African and other non-European descent were classified following their own origin or the origin of their parents. Sinti and Roma ("Gypsies") were mostly categorised following police records, e.g. mentioning them or their forefathers as Gypsies, when having been met by the police as travelling peddlers. 4314:

8,000 Berliners whom the Nazis had classified as Jews because of three or four grandparents survived to the summer of 1944. Their personal faith — Jewish, Protestant, Catholic or irreligionist — is mostly not recorded, since only the Nazi files report on them, which use the Nazi

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In the opposite case, when the wife was classified as a so-called 'Aryan' and the husband as a Jew, the husband had to wear the yellow badge, if they had no children or children enrolled with a Jewish congregation. In case they had common children not enrolled in a Jewish congregation (irreligionist,

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doctrine stressed the importance of physiognomy and genes in determining race, in practice, race was only determined through the religions which were followed by each individual's ancestors. Individuals were considered non-'Aryan' (i.e. Jewish) if at least three of four of their grandparents had been

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in the Northern Territory, Western Australia and Queensland regulated marriage between indigenous and non-indigenous adults, often requiring permission from an official to marry. Officials were concerned with controlling relations between indigenous women and Chinese fishermen and pearl divers. From

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between whites and non-whites. The Immorality Act of 1950 extended an earlier ban on sexual relations between whites and blacks (the Immorality Act of 1927) to a ban on sexual relations between whites and any non-whites. Both Acts were repealed in 1985 as a part of the reforms which were carried out

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from taxpayers, enrolled with a religious body, with the general tax collection by a surcharge on the income tax and then transferred it to the respective religious body. Interfaith mixed marriages, who were taxed as a unit, would have the charged church tax halved among the two respective religious

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With the defeat of Nazi Germany in 1945 the laws banning mixed marriages were lifted again. Marriage dates could be backdated, if so desired, for couples who lived together unmarried during the Nazi era due to the legal restrictions, upon marrying after the war. Even if one spouse was already dead,

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led to different compulsions to forced labour in 1940: Sometimes it was ordered for all Jewish-classified spouses, sometimes for Jewish-classified husbands, sometimes exempting Jewish-classified wives taking care of minor children. No document or law indicated the exemption of a mixed marriage from

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In 1927, the Pact coalition government passed a law prohibiting marriages between whites and blacks (though not between whites and "coloured" people). An attempt was made to extend this ban in 1936 to marriages between whites and coloureds when a bill was introduced in parliament, but a commission

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was asked by a reporter in 1963 if interracial marriage would become widespread in the U.S., he responded, "I hope not; I don’t believe in it", before adding "Would you want your daughter to marry a Negro? She won't love someone who isn't her color." In 1967 the law banning interracial marriage was

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Theodoric, king of the Ostrogoths, conquered Italy and killed Odoacer in 493. The decades of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy (493–552) can be seen as the first true period of Germanic rule in the peninsula, for an entire tribe of 100,000 to 200,000 people came with Theodoric... Theodoric, who did

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received equal food rations like Aryan-classified Germans. In many other Reichsgaue they received shortened rations. In some Reichsgaue in 1942 and 1943, privileged mixed couples, and their minor children whose father was classified as a Jew, were forced to move into houses reserved for Jews only;

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Despite the collapse of imperial rule in Spain, Roman influence remained strong. The majority of the population, probably about six million, were Hispano-Romans, as compared with 200,000 barbarians... A Roman law that prohibited intermarriage between the two peoples was, however, abolished in the

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or other people of color" in the Kingdom, as the number of blacks had increased so much in France, mostly in the capital. Nevertheless, it was an interracial marriage prohibition, not an interracial sex prohibition. Moreover, it was an administrative act, not a law. There was never any racial law

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stated, "I am not, nor ever have been in favor of making voters or jurors of negroes, nor of qualifying them to hold office, nor to intermarry with white people". By the late 1800s, 38 U.S. states had anti-miscegenation statutes. By 1924, the ban on interracial marriage was still in force in 29

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In 1909, the British Colonial Office published a circular known as the "Concubine Circular", officially denouncing officials who kept native mistresses, accusing them of "lowering" themselves in the eyes of the native population. Some colonial officials such as Hugh Clifford, in his 1898 novel

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In 1905, German South West Africa banned the "Rassenmischehe" (racial mixed marriage). These bans had no legal basis in German citizenship laws (issued in 1870 and 1913) and the "decrees issued by either a colonial governor or the colonial secretary", they were "not laws that had received the

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With his people, who may have numbered 100,000 persons, Theodoric arrived in Italy in late August 489... his people could not legally intermarry with Romans... He never missed an opportunity to propagate the idea of civilitas ("civilized life" or "civilization"), a concept that includes the

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This was maintained by the pre-1939 practice of Jewish congregations in Germany, which denied Jewesses who married Gentiles, to be precise non-converts to Judaism, to keep their membership in a congregation. This turned the Jewesses, if they did not convert to another faith, legally into

3338:, and were forbidden from intermarrying with indigenous Iberians. This law was abolished in the end of the 6th century however, and by that time so many intermarriages had occurred that any reality of a biologically-linked Visigothic identity were "visibly crumbling", in the words of 3134:

were in fact mostly spared from deportation. In case a mixed marriage ended by death of the 'Aryan' spouse or divorce, the Jewish-classified spouse residing within Germany was usually deported soon after, unless the couple still had minor children not counting as Geltungsjuden.

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On 20 September 1792, all restrictions regarding interracial marriage were repealed by the Revolutionary government. On 8 January 1803, a Napoleonic governmental circular forbade marriages between white males and black women, or black men and white women, although the 1804

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enrolled as members of a Jewish congregation; it did not matter if those grandparents had been born to a Jewish mother or had converted to Judaism. The actual religious beliefs of the individual himself or herself were also immaterial, as was the individual's status under

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not want the Ostrogoths to become Romanized, encouraged them to keep their distance from the Romans. Yet such apartheid did not last. Some Romans joined the army; many more Goths became landowners, legally or illegally, and adopted civilian Roman cultural traditions.

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the participants decided to include persons classified as Jews, but married to persons classified as so-called 'Aryans', however, only after a divorce. In October 1943 an act, facilitating compulsory divorce imposed by the state, was ready for appointment, however,

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Most mixed marriages occurred with one spouse being considered as non-Aryan, due to his or her Jewish descent. Many special regulations were developed for such couples. A differentiation of privileged and other mixed marriages emerged on 28 December 1938, when

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and dragged them out of bed for living together as an interracial couple, on the basis that "any white person intermarry with a colored person"— or vice versa—each party "shall be guilty of a felony" and face prison terms of five years. When former president

3299:'s resolution reiterated the prohibition of marriage between Italians and people belonging to "Hamitic, Semitic, and other non-Aryan races"; it established also a ban on marriage between public servants and foreigners. A list made in summer 1938 classified 4612:

The remaining Rugi followed Theodoric for revenge, although they maintained their independence even within the Ostrogothic state, keeping their own administrators and avoiding intermarriage with the Goths. They disappeared with the fall of the Ostrogothic

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Alltag im Zivilisationsbruch: Das Ausnahme-Unrecht gegen die jüdische Bevölkerung in Deutschland 1933–1945; eine rechtstatsächliche Untersuchung des Sonderrechts und seiner Folgewirkungen auf den "Alltag" der Deutschen jüdischer Abstammung und jüdischen

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By the "Gesetz zur Vereinheitlichung des Rechts der Eheschließung und der Ehescheidung (EheG)" ("Act on standardisation of the law of contraction and divorce of marriages", as of 6 July 1938) divorce on so-called racial grounds was enabled. Cf.

2068:" since the term was coined in 1863. Contemporary usage of the term is infrequent, except in reference to historical laws which banned the practice. Anti-miscegenation laws were first introduced in North America by the governments of several of the 3064:) of 30 April 1939, allowing proprietors to unconditionally cancel tenancy contracts with Germans classified as Jews, thus forcing them to move into houses reserved for them, for the first time enacted Göring's creation. The law defined 3027:

were treated differently according to the sex of the 'Aryan' spouse and according to the religious affiliation of the children, their being or not being enrolled with a Jewish congregation. Nazi-termed mixed marriages were often not

3083:. Without children, or with children not enrolled with a Jewish congregation, the Jewish-classified wife was spared from wearing the yellow badge (else compulsory for Germans classified as Jews as of 1 September 1941). 3123:

some persecutions and especially of its Jewish-classified spouse. Thus if arrested, non-arrested relatives or friends had to prove their exemption status, hopefully fast enough to rescue the arrested from any deportation.

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The barbarians were everywhere a small minority. They established themselves on the great estates and divided the land to the benefit of the federates without doing much harm to the lower classes or disturbing the

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In March 1943, an attempt to deport the Berlin-based Jews and Gentiles of Jewish descent living in non-privileged mixed marriages, failed due to public protest by their relatives-in-law of 'Aryan kinship' (see

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racial definitions. 4,700 out of the 8,000 survived due to their living in a mixed marriage. 1,400 survived by hiding, out of 5,000 who tried. 1,900 had returned from Theresienstadt. See Hans-Rainer Sandvoß,

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After the deterioration of relations between North Korea and the Soviet Union in the 1960s, North Korea began to enact practices such as forcing its male citizens who had married Eastern European women to

3036:). Traditionally the wife used to be the convert. However, in urban areas and after 1900, actual interfaith marriages occurred more often, with interfaith marriages legally allowed in some states of the 4169:. Some historians judge this intervention of Göring as a tactical measure, in order not to arouse protests by so-called 'Aryan' kinship, since after secret service reports the government organised 3004:

Any children — whenever born — within a mixed marriage, as well as children from extramarital mixed relationships born until 31 July 1936, were discriminated against as

2781:(No. 30) of 1950 provided the basis for separating the population of South Africa into different races. Under the terms of this act, all residents of South Africa were to be classified as white, 3284:

tribe which supported Theodoric while preserving its independence within the Ostrogothic Kingdom, avoided intermarriage with Goths and other tribes in order to maintain administrative control.

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the marriage could be retroactively recognised, in order to legitimise any children and enable them or the surviving spouse to inherit from their late father or partner, respectively. In the

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1939–1944; 1984 extended to 14 vols.), Heinz Boberach (ed. and compilator), Munich: Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag (dtv), 1968, (dtv-dokumente; vol. 477) p. 208. ISBN B0000BSLXR

3342:. The Visigothic nobles and princes married Hispano-Romans and converted to Nicean Christianity, and the connection between Visigoths, their religion and royal authority became obscure. 1487: 2836:, including an 836 AD decree which forbade Chinese people from having relationships with members of other people groups such as Iranians, Arabs, Indians, Malays, Sumatrans, and so on. 4173:

in 1938 the regime did not feel so safe about the public's opinion on further anti-Semitic discriminations. Cf. Ursula Büttner, "Die Verfolgung der christlich-jüdischen 'Mischfamilien

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The legal definitions decreed that the marriage of a Gentile husband and his wife, being a Jewess or being classified as a Jewess due to her descent, was generally considered to be a

528: 2703: 6023: 3016:, regardless if the parents had meanwhile married abroad or remained unmarried. Any children who were enrolled in a Jewish congregation were also subject to discrimination as 4269: 739: 4053:

and the Jewish congregations (in their case ending by Nazi act in March 1938) collected contributions from their members by way of church tax. Since the Nazis gave the term

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In 1723, 1724 and 1774 several administrative acts forbade interracial marriages, mainly in colonies, although it is not clear if these acts were lawful. On 2 May 1746, the

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Arrest du Conseil d'état du Roi concernant les mariages des noirs, mulâtres, ou autres gens de couleur, du 5 avril 1778 (Lille: NJB Peterinck-Cramé, 1778).

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did not mention anything specific about interracial marriage. In 1806, a French court validated an interracial marriage. In 1818, the highest French court (

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late 6th century. Still, the task of bringing the two peoples together and of achieving some sort of political and cultural unity was a formidable one.

4358:(1999), Hamburg: Dölling und Galitz, (2002), (Studien zur jüdischen Geschichte; vol. 6), simultaneously Hamburg, Univ., Diss., 1998, p. 469. 6145: 5021: 3708:

Ellinghaus, K. (2003). "Absorbing the 'Aboriginal problem': controlling interracial marriage in Australia in the late 19th and early 20th centuries".

2647: 2162: 5861: 5091: 2309: 440: 328: 5881: 5479: 5111: 5096: 4696: 6217: 5041: 4625: 1999: 695: 450: 268: 253: 248: 78: 4253: 3728: 2723:, considered by the ADL to be more an ideology without organizational structure, opposed interracial marriage. The name is a reference to the 4725: 4660:

Davide Rodogno (3 August 2006). Fascism's European Empire: Italian Occupation During the Second World War. Cambridge University Press. p. 65.

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the mid-1930s there was a shift to control who Aboriginal peoples could marry, in order to promote assimilation, until 1961 when the federal

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approval of the Reichstag". Similar such laws were also adopted in the German colonies of German East Africa (1906) and German Samoa (1912).

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and Romans. Theodoric's effort to separate Goths and Romans was however not successful, as intermarriages and assimilation were common. The

3143:). Also, the Aryan-classified husbands and Mischling-classified children (starting at the age of 16) from mixed marriages were taken by the 4948: 2175: 2023: 1040: 333: 137: 4131:(1999), Hamburg: Dölling und Galitz, (2002), (Studien zur jüdischen Geschichte; vol. 6), simultaneously Hamburg, Univ., Diss., 1998, 5630: 5175: 4094:, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2003, (Veröffentlichungen des Max-Planck-Instituts für Geschichte; vol. 190), p. 86 ( 1700: 1356: 1269: 1160: 822: 640: 258: 243: 4844: 2770: 2209: 2189: 2091: 1254: 722: 6062: 894: 6045: 5507: 4903: 4809: 4784: 4363: 4303: 4221: 4186: 4136: 4112: 4099: 4074: 4033: 3950: 3843: 3815: 3010:. However, children later born to mixed parents, not yet married at passing the Nuremberg Laws, were to be discriminated against as 2852:, is widely regarded as to provide that freedom as it comes under "personal liberty", which the Constitution guarantees to protect. 727: 189: 167: 4746: 4599: 4541: 4510: 4474: 4090:(RGBl., i.e. the Reich's law gazette) 1938 I, p. 807, § 37 EheG (Bedeutungsirrtum), cf. also Alexandra Przyrembel, 6255: 6011: 5980: 5876: 3237: 2538: 2171: 1653: 1482: 1376: 827: 717: 4179:

Die Not der Juden teilen. Christlich-jüdische Familien im Dritten Reich. Beispiel und Zeugnis des Schriftstellers Robert Brendel

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Before 1933 the term Mischehe referred to interfaith marriages, which was a tax office phenomenon. German tax offices deducted

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The U.S. was the global leader of countries where codified racism was practiced, and its race laws fascinated the Nazis. The

2185: 343: 4888: 4395:{fr} Pétition des hommes de couleur de la Martinique et de la Guadeloupe, Impriperie E. Duverger, Paris (feb. 1829), p. 8-9 6281: 4148:

irreligionists. On the other hand, Jews marrying Gentile women could (stay) enroll(ed) as member of a Jewish congregation.

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1935 chart shows racial classifications under the Nuremberg Laws and the definitions of a German, a Mischlinge and a Jew.

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While there are no specific provisions regarding the freedom to marry someone who is a member of a different race in the

6205: 6067: 6057: 6050: 5854: 5170: 5150: 4896: 4671:"Rassegna stampa: "Arabi e negri? Non sono ariani" Le leggi razziali del '38 e le circolari emanate dal regime fascista" 2400: 1187: 1135: 68: 6296: 6082: 5898: 5472: 5432: 5300: 5117: 3941:

S. H. Milton (2001). ""Gypsies" as social outsiders in Nazi Germany". In Robert Gellately and Nathan Stoltzfus (ed.).

3220: 2978:("race defilement") and could be punished by imprisonment — later usually followed by the deportation to a 2849: 2778: 2716: 2685:. In 1958, Davis briefly married a black woman, actress and dancer Loray White, to protect himself from mob violence. 2435: 1841: 1685: 1090: 685: 623: 3154:

already were liberated. However, 2,600 from all areas of the Reich, not yet captured by the Allies, were deported to

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this effectively made a privileged mixed marriage one where the husband was the one classified as so-called 'Aryan'.

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According to the Nazi family value attitude, the husband was regarded the head of a family. Thus people living in a

6286: 5839: 5011: 4958: 2693: 2270: 2230: 1950: 707: 378: 83: 6155: 5999: 4216:, Landeszentrale für politische Bildung (ed.), Hamburg: Landeszentrale für politische Bildung, 2006, p. 83. 4028:, Landeszentrale für politische Bildung (ed.), Hamburg: Landeszentrale für politische Bildung, 2006, p. 80. 3311: 2661: 2410: 2225: 1281: 1095: 989: 874: 535: 503: 147: 73: 4536: 6291: 5772: 5427: 3380: 3296: 2979: 2856: 2744: 2633: 2457: 2442: 1547: 1435: 1276: 1045: 974: 804: 759: 613: 498: 478: 408: 338: 204: 2755:

or full-blooded slave women (that is, of pure Asian or African origin) in 1685. The ban was never enforced.

6165: 5970: 5910: 5888: 5160: 3920:. Texas Tech University Press in association with the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. p. 102. 3835: 3502: 3269: 2072:

from the late seventeenth century onward, and subsequently, they were introduced by the governments of many

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Beate Meyer, "Geschichte im Film. Judenverfolgung, Mischehen und der Protest in der Rosenstraße 1943", in:

6130: 6033: 5953: 5782: 5723: 5625: 5522: 5465: 5386: 5305: 3550: 3365: 3199: 3106:. However, all discriminations enacted until 28 December 1938, remained valid without exemptions for 2888: 2609: 2301: 2260: 1945: 1918: 1908: 1366: 1346: 1209: 1080: 969: 919: 889: 869: 799: 779: 754: 749: 744: 655: 618: 591: 567: 562: 132: 122: 3228:

between a white man and a colored woman. All administrative prohibitions were canceled by a law in 1833.

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Meldungen aus dem Reich: Auswahl aus den geheimen Lageberichten des Sicherheitsdienstes der SS 1939–1944

3807: 3295:, laws prohibiting marriage between Italians and non-Europeans were passed in Italy and its colonies. A 2920:, in order to justify the discrimination and persecutions of Jews. To be spared, one had to prove one's 2845: 2794: 2581: 2205: 2157: 1913: 1873: 1806: 1695: 1643: 1562: 1311: 1075: 979: 954: 949: 934: 929: 924: 864: 814: 774: 680: 650: 545: 142: 2084:, an increasing number of states repealed their anti-miscegenation laws. In 1967, in the landmark case 6140: 6006: 5650: 5587: 5557: 5542: 5527: 5416: 5365: 5360: 5051: 3241: 3140: 3037: 3024: 2665: 2405: 2325: 2054: 1784: 1296: 1170: 879: 839: 789: 764: 577: 540: 263: 117: 2604: 6160: 5915: 5794: 5547: 5335: 5260: 5238: 5233: 5180: 5046: 4265: 3253: 3249: 3029: 2469: 2452: 2287: 1960: 1821: 1440: 1336: 1316: 1105: 1013: 964: 944: 914: 809: 596: 403: 6245: 6190: 6170: 5829: 5760: 5728: 5695: 5685: 5567: 5123: 5106: 5101: 5076: 5066: 5061: 5036: 5006: 4993: 4973: 4963: 4933: 4836: 4282: 4257: 4107:, Munich: Allitera-Verlag, 2003, simultaneously Bielefeld, Univ., Diss., 2002, pp. 344–348. 4003: 3410: 3327: 3190: 3151: 3033: 2969: 2833: 2748: 2720: 2708: 2511: 2425: 2395: 2292: 2282: 2086: 2047: 1725: 1720: 1710: 1658: 1648: 1623: 1557: 1515: 1425: 1420: 1415: 1321: 608: 4328: 4166: 4469: 5849: 5814: 5804: 5765: 5705: 5655: 5577: 5562: 5532: 5330: 5211: 4840: 4805: 4780: 4721: 4574: 4568: 4359: 4324: 4299: 4217: 4182: 4162: 4132: 4108: 4102:) or — as to contesting or dissolving a marriage — see Bernhard Müller, 4095: 4087: 4070: 4029: 3979: 3946: 3921: 3839: 3811: 3757: 3753: 3639: 3614: 3589: 3420: 3339: 3288: 3265: 3203: 3144: 3053: 2948: 2925: 2560: 2523: 2464: 2415: 2383: 2201: 2197: 2069: 1992: 1903: 1831: 1816: 1599: 1542: 1341: 1249: 1140: 1060: 899: 172: 4715: 4488:

maintenance of peace and order, racial harmony, and the outlawing of oppression and violence.

4319:, Gedenkstätte Deutscher Widerstand (ed.), Berlin: Gedenkstätte Deutscher Widerstand, 2003, ( 3130:

started on 18 October 1941. German Jews and German Gentiles of Jewish descent living in

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Cf. Reichsgesetzblatt (RGBl., i.e. the Reich's law gazette) 1939 I, 864 § 7

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1,823 couples applied for recognition (until 1963), which was granted in 1,255 cases.

2789:) people. Indians were included under the category "Asian" in 1959. Also in 1950, the 6270: 6028: 5675: 5640: 5552: 5512: 5405: 5325: 5201: 5086: 4943: 4879:"Nation and Miscegenation: Comparing Anti-Miscegenation Regulations in North America" 3857: 3405: 3335: 3045: 3044:

became an obligatory prerequisite for any religious marriage ceremony throughout the

2974: 2786: 2724: 2543: 2354: 2255: 2250: 2235: 2065: 1977: 1584: 1520: 1505: 1361: 1326: 1306: 1177: 1120: 1055: 445: 348: 4878: 4272:) had been organized in those specific areas and not generally throughout the Reich. 4092:"Rassenschande": Reinheitsmythos und Vernichtungslegitimation im Nationalsozialismus 6195: 6040: 4129:'Jüdische Mischlinge' — Rassenpolitik und Verfolgungserfahrung 1933–1945 4050: 3163: 3099: 3076: 3012: 2917: 2777:, forbade marriages between whites and anyone who was deemed to be non-whites. The 2766: 2506: 2486: 2479: 2447: 2315: 2297: 2110: 2102: 2081: 2064:

In the United States, interracial marriage, cohabitation and sex have been termed "

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Jüdische Mischlinge' — Rassenpolitik und Verfolgungserfahrung 1933–1945

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Based on an evaluation of divorce decrees, however restricted to only one former

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Laws and policies which discouraged miscegenation were passed during the rule of

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M. Allemand in "Traité du Mariage", imprimerie E. Leboyer (Riom France, 1847)

3110:. In the Reichsgau Hamburg, for example, Jewish-classified spouses living in 6180: 6115: 5620: 5283: 5216: 5071: 4636:

The Rugians kept their race pure by refusing to intermarry with other tribes

4124: 3323: 3304: 3175: 3103: 3006: 2774: 2682: 2565: 2430: 2373: 2114: 1888: 1836: 1537: 1130: 228: 50: 3571:

Tell the Court I Love My Wife: Race, Marriage, and Law--An American History

2090:, the remaining anti-miscegenation laws were ruled unconstitutional by the 4057:

a new meaning the tax offices were ordered to change their terminology to

3903:

Hitler's American Model: The United States and the Making of Nazi Race Law

3210:. In any case, nobles needed the King's authorization for their marriage. 6150: 5376: 3664: 3370: 3207: 2879:

Additionally, the North Korean government has been accused of performing

2782: 2743:

Early prohibitions on interracial marriages date back to the rule of the

2689: 2349: 1853: 1675: 1594: 1239: 1165: 1070: 1030: 393: 388: 383: 308: 303: 298: 238: 4919:

Segregation in countries by type (in some countries, categories overlap)

4594: 4342:(as of 23 June 1950, Federal law on recognition of free marriages). 3729:"Illegal love: Is this NT couple Australia's Richard and Mildred Loving" 3322:

After the fall of the Western Roman Empire in the late 5th century, the

6110: 5350: 5320: 4249: 4161:, vol. 52 (2004), pp. 23–36, footnote 23 on p. 28. 3300: 3257: 3194: 2942: 2873: 2728: 2501: 313: 199: 179: 152: 127: 3863:

The Real North Korea: Life and politics in the failed Stalinist utopia

3445: 2057:

and sometimes, they also criminalize sex between members of different

5488: 5345: 4287: 4248:

The earlier deportations of Jews and Gentiles of Jewish descent from

3331: 3150:

A last attempt, undertaken in February/March 1945 ended, because the

2937: 1291: 293: 184: 162: 157: 107: 4049:

bodies. Mostly the Roman Catholic Church, the respective Protestant

3307:, Indians, Armenians, Turks, Yemenites, Palestinians as non-Aryans. 3128:

deportations of Jewish Germans and Gentile Germans of Jewish descent

4570:

Egypt, Greece, and Rome: Civilizations of the Ancient Mediterranean

3546:"Hollywood Loved Sammy Davis Jr. Until He Dated a White Movie Star" 3094:

Since there was no elaborate regulation, the practice of exempting

2080:

and they remained in force in many US states until 1967. After the

6125: 4291: 4290:

never granted the competent referees an audience. Pressure by the

4261: 3277: 3273: 3261: 3193:, forbade "whites of either sex to contract marriage with blacks, 2989:

regarded as so-called 'Aryans' and non-Aryans — called

2947: 1301: 112: 3079:

and the children as well, who were thus discriminated against as

3158:, of whom most survived the last months until their liberation. 2681:

faced backlash for his relationship with a white woman, actress

1935: 1764: 5461: 4892: 4697:"provvedimenti in materia matrimoniale e in difesa della razza" 4294:

headquarters in early 1944 also failed. Cf. Uwe Dietrich Adam,

4321:

Schriftenreihe über den Widerstand in Berlin von 1933 bis 1945

2913: 4422:

Archives nationales (henceforward A.N.) BB15–211, R4, no 3266

3877:"BBC NEWS - Asia-Pacific - N Korea 'kills detainees' babies'" 3060:. The "Gesetz über die Mietverhältnisse mit Juden" (English: 2664:

in 1691, criminalizing interracial marriage. In a speech in

4236: 3091:

and their father was spared from wearing the yellow badge.

2985:

The existing 20,454 (as of 1939) marriages between persons

4214:

Die Verfolgung und Ermordung der Hamburger Juden 1933–1945

4208: 4206: 4026:

Die Verfolgung und Ermordung der Hamburger Juden 1933–1945

2733:

murdered an Israelite man as he lay with a Midianite woman

2109:

which were passed in 1935, and they were also enforced in

5457: 2966:

Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honour

2660:

The first ever anti-miscegenation law was passed by the

3272:

of his people, Theodoric forbade intermarriage between

2050:

at the level of marriage and intimate relationships by

4833:

A History of the Gypsies of Eastern Europe and Russia

4777:

The Emergence of Modern Southeast Asia: A New History

4443:

Sir Beguin and Emilie born slave in Guadeloupe—

2859:, several anti-miscegenation laws were passed by the 2810:

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, so-called

2673:

states. While interracial marriage had been legal in

4699:[Archive of Laws, Decrees and Regulations]. 4649:

Jews in Italy Under Fascist and Nazi Rule, 1922-1945

3497: 3495: 3493: 3491: 3489: 3310:

An analogous legislation was adopted in 1942 in the

6103: 5936: 5704: 5606: 5495: 5274: 5189: 5141: 4992: 4924: 2906:

National Socialist Handbook for Law and Legislation

2751:prohibited marriages between European settlers and 3967: 3752:(2 ed.), Cambridge University Press, p. 2891:to "prevent the survival of half-Chinese babies". 6176:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States 3945:. Princeton University Press. pp. 216, 231. 3567:", New York Times, 12 September 1963, quoted in: 3098:from anti-Semitic invidiousnesses varied amongst 1899:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States 27:Legislation prohibiting interracial relationships 4804:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 219–220. 4069:, Berlin et al.: de Gruyter, 1998, p. 409. 3198:about marriage in France, with the exception of 3056:discretionarily ordered this in a letter to the 2916:had been declared to have detrimental impact on 3202:. But some restricted rules were applied about 1543:Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting) 4720:. University of California Press. p. 80. 3353:Since the Beginning: A tale of an Eastern Land 2960:government in September 1935 as a part of the 2706:adopted in 1868) by the U.S. Supreme Court in 2101:Anti-miscegenation laws were also enforced in 1019:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups 5473: 4904: 4340:Bundesgesetz über die Anerkennung freier Ehen 3905:. Princeton University Press. pp. 37–43. 3669:, Washington: GPO for the Library of Congress 3573:. St. Martin's Publishing Group. p. 185. 3540: 3538: 3391:Judicial aspects of race in the United States 2956:An anti-miscegenation law was enacted by the 2848:, Article 21 of the Constitution, which is a 2641: 2024: 8: 5256:Residential segregation in the United States 4675:Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata" 4464: 4462: 3529:The Complete Lincoln-Douglas Debates of 1858 3147:for forced labour, starting in autumn 1944. 2587:Sex offender registries in the United States 2127:Anti-miscegenation laws in the United States 4862:"The Canadian marriage at 150: A look back" 4779:. University of Hawaii Press. p. 248. 3531:. University of Chicago Press. p. 235. 3087:Christian etc.) they were discriminated as 3040:since 1847, and generally since 1875, when 1235:List of people killed for being transgender 5480: 5466: 5458: 4911: 4897: 4889: 3896: 3894: 3804:Vanishing Women: Magic, Film, and Feminism 2648: 2634: 2130: 2031: 2017: 29: 6146:Interminority racism in the United States 4884:. Canadian Political Science Association. 4181:, Hamburg: Christians, 1988, p. 44. 3661:"Legislative Implementation of Apartheid" 4864:. theglobeandmail.com. November 12, 2017 4500: 4498: 4496: 4444: 4431: 3638:(2nd ed.). Tafelberg. p. 344. 3613:(1st ed.). Duke UP. pp. 84–5. 329:Social determinants of health in poverty 4770: 4768: 4317:Widerstand in Wedding und Gesundbrunnen 3688:"History of Marriage Laws in Australia" 3588:(2nd ed.). Tafelberg. p. 19. 3437: 3164:West German Federal Republic of Germany 2594: 2573: 2333: 2149: 2133: 41: 6218:Sociology of race and ethnic relations 4714:Langmuir, Gavin I. (1 February 1996). 4626:Modern Humanities Research Association 4537:"Ancient Rome: The Barbarian Kingdoms" 4298:, Düsseldorf: 2003, pp. 222–234. 4159:Zeitschrift für Geschichtswissenschaft 3974:. Cambridge University Press. p. 3224:) validated a marriage contracted in 7: 6241: 5440: 4775:Owen, Norman G. (30 November 2004). 4631:The Modern Language Review, Volume 4 3966:Michael Burleigh (7 November 1991). 3776:Gupta, Shivani (February 14, 2015). 3636:The Afikaners: Biography of a People 3586:The Afikaners: Biography of a People 1041:Capital punishment for homosexuality 334:Social determinants of mental health 5631:Discrimination based on nationality 5261:Segregation academy (United States) 5176:Sex segregation in public restrooms 4742:"Spain: Visigothic Spain to c. 500" 4717:Toward a Definition of Antisemitism 4063:denominationally different marriage 3970:The Racial State: Germany 1933-1945 3918:"Non-Germans" under the Third Reich 3544:Lanzendorfer, Joy (August 9, 2017) 3178:validated an interracial marriage. 2908:of 1934–1935, edited by the lawyer 2793:was passed, which criminalized all 2763:of inquiry recommended against it. 1161:Genital modification and mutilation 3611:German Women for Empire, 1884-1945 2771:Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act 25: 4067:Vokabular des Nationalsozialismus 4065:). Cf. Cornelia Schmitz-Berning, 3749:A History of Chinese Civilization 3474:LII / Legal Information Institute 6250: 6240: 6231: 6230: 5439: 5411: 5410: 4802:Understanding the British Empire 4506:"Italy: The Ostrogothic Kingdom" 3943:Social Outsiders in Nazi Germany 3565:Truman Opposes Biracial Marriage 3118:The inconsistent application of 3068:and exempted them from the act. 3058:Reich's Ministry of the Interior 2715:Anti-miscegenation is a part of 2702:ruled unconstitutional (via the 2615: 2603: 2141: 1654:Diversity, equity, and inclusion 1483:Law for Protection of the Nation 1377:White genocide conspiracy theory 49: 6251: 4567:Freeman, Charles (March 2014). 3802:Beckman, Karen Redrobe (2003), 3376:History of Bob Jones University 1488:MSM blood donation restrictions 1230:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory 6136:Go back to where you came from 4747:Encyclopædia Britannica Online 4600:Encyclopædia Britannica Online 4542:Encyclopædia Britannica Online 4511:Encyclopædia Britannica Online 4475:Encyclopædia Britannica Online 3503:"Eugenics, Race, and Marriage" 3426:Social interpretations of race 3312:fascist Republic of San Marino 2117:which was introduced in 1948. 1501:(as religious or racial quota) 1: 4323:, No. 14), p. 302. 4296:Judenpolitik im Dritten Reich 3666:South Africa: A Country Study 3287:After the publication of the 3244:in the late 5th century, the 2932:Jews, Romani and Black people 2731:who, according to the Bible, 1931:Second-generation gender bias 1639:Constitutional colorblindness 324:Social determinants of health 3733:Special Broadcasting Service 3659:Rita M. Byrnes, ed. (1996), 3554:Retrieved February 23, 2021. 3527:Douglas, Stephen A. (1991). 2401:Criminal transmission of HIV 5118:Brown v. Board of Education 4701:Consiglio Grande e Generale 4573:. OUP Oxford. p. 640. 4413:Law of September 20th, 1792 4059:konfessionsverschiedene Ehe 3569:Wallenstein, Peter (2004). 3189:of 5 April 1778, signed by 2924:, normally by obtaining an 2861:British colonial government 2779:Population Registration Act 2717:American domestic terrorist 2113:as a part of the system of 1842:Medical model of disability 1686:Hate speech laws by country 6313: 5027:Czechoslovakia and Hungary 3901:Whitman, James Q. (2017). 3634:Giliomee, Hermann (2009). 3584:Giliomee, Hermann (2009). 3268:. In order to prevent the 3120:privileged mixed marriages 3112:privileged mixed marriages 3108:privileged mixed marriages 3096:privileged mixed marriages 3066:privileged mixed marriages 3062:Law on Tenancies with Jews 2819:removed all restrictions. 2785:, or native (later called 2694:Richard and Mildred Loving 2677:since 1948, in 1957 actor 2610:Human sexuality portal 2231:Deviant sexual intercourse 2124: 1951:Social model of disability 379:Discrimination against men 6226: 5400: 5072:Apartheid in South Africa 4062: 4000:"The Nuremberg Race Laws" 3686:Parliament of Australia. 3609:Wildenthal, Lora (2001). 3073:privileged mixed marriage 3061: 2662:Maryland General Assembly 2574:Sex offender registration 2411:Female genital mutilation 1282:Opposition to immigration 163:Race / Ethnicity 4877:Thompson, Debra (2008). 3746:Gernet, Jacques (1996), 3381:Historical race concepts 2857:Indian Rebellion of 1857 2855:After the events of the 2745:Dutch East India Company 1277:Occupational segregation 1046:Compulsory sterilization 6166:Psychometrics of racism 5616:Anti-miscegenation laws 5296:Anti-miscegenation laws 5131:Anti-miscegenation laws 4456:Law of April 24th, 1833 4177:", in: Ursula Büttner, 3836:Oxford University Press 3830:Kent, Eliza F. (2004), 2773:, passed in 1949 under 2747:when High Commissioner 2044:Anti-miscegenation laws 1827:Internalized oppression 1681:Fighting Discrimination 1671:Fat acceptance movement 1629:Anti-discrimination law 1255:Native American mascots 6131:Ethnic plastic surgery 5626:Biological determinism 5387:White Australia policy 5306:Corporative federalism 4051:regional church bodies 3366:Amalgamation (history) 2998: 2953: 2339:varies by jurisdiction 2046:are laws that enforce 1946:Social identity threat 1919:Reverse discrimination 1909:Racial color blindness 1367:Violence against women 1347:Sex-selective abortion 6051:In Jewish communities 6029:Hispanic & Latino 5356:Religious intolerance 4647:Joshua D. Zimmerman, 3916:Diemut Majer (2003). 3865:(Oxford 2015) page 20 3808:Duke University Press 3303:, Arabs and Berbers, 2951: 2846:Constitution of India 2798:during the tenure of 2688:In 1958, officers in 2582:Sex offender registry 1914:Religious intolerance 1874:Political correctness 1696:Intersex human rights 1644:Cultural assimilation 1312:Religious persecution 1076:Disability hate crime 6282:Interracial marriage 6141:Herrenvolk democracy 5366:Second-class citizen 5361:Reservation in India 5087:United Arab Emirates 5017:Bulgaria and Romania 4800:Ronald Hyam (2010). 4404:Louisiana code, art. 3470:"Loving v. Virginia" 3446:"Loving v. Virginia" 3242:Western Roman Empire 3141:Rosenstrasse protest 3038:German Confederation 3030:interfaith marriages 2692:entered the home of 2666:Charleston, Illinois 2551:UK Section 63 (2008) 2406:Cybersex trafficking 2094:under Chief Justice 2055:interracial marriage 1297:Political repression 274:Anti-left handedness 264:Anti-intellectualism 6161:Perpetual foreigner 5234:Exclusionary zoning 5181:Separatist feminism 4959:Partition of Bengal 4703:(in Italian). 1942. 3838:US, pp. 85–6, 3778:"MARRIAGE IN INDIA" 3254:Ostrogothic Kingdom 3250:Theodoric the Great 3185:, the order of the 3152:extermination camps 2288:Reproductive rights 2163:Reproductive rights 1822:Historical eugenics 1337:Segregation academy 1317:Religious terrorism 1106:Enemy of the people 1014:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric 519:Jehovah's Witnesses 404:Perpetual foreigner 6297:Racial segregation 6191:Racial integration 6171:Race and sexuality 5976:Japanese Americans 5696:Racial segregation 5686:Racial nationalism 5124:Massive resistance 5112:School segregation 5107:Separate but equal 5032:Dominican Republic 4934:Partition of India 4837:Palgrave Macmillan 4283:Wannsee Conference 4254:Pomerania Province 3710:Aboriginal History 3507:Facing History.org 3411:Race of the future 3328:Visigothic Kingdom 3318:Pre-Islamic Iberia 3191:Antoine de Sartine 3176:Parlement de Paris 3034:marital conversion 2980:concentration camp 2954: 2721:Phineas Priesthood 2709:Loving v. Virginia 2396:Child prostitution 2362:Anti-miscegenation 2293:Right to sexuality 2283:Red-light district 2226:Pedophile advocacy 2186:Conversion therapy 2176:Capital punishment 2092:U.S. Supreme Court 2087:Loving v. Virginia 2048:racial segregation 1726:Social integration 1721:Self-determination 1711:Racial integration 1659:Diversity training 1649:Cultural pluralism 1624:Affirmative action 1516:Racial segregation 1426:Crime of apartheid 1322:Religious violence 819:Indigenous people 190:Sexual orientation 18:Anti-miscegenation 6287:Politics and race 6264: 6263: 6012:African Americans 5959:Chinese Americans 5656:Ethnic stereotype 5455: 5454: 5331:Majority minority 5212:Ethnic federalism 4994:Ethnic and racial 4954:Greece and Turkey 4835:(1995 ed.). 4727:978-0-520-90851-2 4580:978-0-19-965192-4 4088:Reichsgesetzblatt 3985:978-0-521-39802-2 3927:978-0-89672-837-0 3879:. 22 October 2003 3810:, pp. 31–3, 3763:978-0-521-49781-7 3645:978-0-624-04823-7 3620:978-0-8223-2819-3 3595:978-0-624-04823-7 3421:Scientific racism 3266:dominant minority 3221:cour de cassation 3145:Organisation Todt 2926:Aryan certificate 2850:Fundamental Right 2834:various dynasties 2658: 2657: 2524:Sexual harassment 2416:Forcible touching 2384:Child pornography 2334:Specific offences 2306:Decriminalization 2198:Same-sex marriage 2190:Decriminalization 2105:as a part of the 2070:Thirteen Colonies 2041: 2040: 1904:Racism by country 1832:Intersectionality 1817:Heteronormativity 1600:Voter suppression 1342:Sexual harassment 1141:Forced conversion 1061:Cultural genocide 718:African Americans 529:post–Cold War era 514:Eastern Orthodoxy 259:Anti-drug addicts 254:Anti-homelessness 173:Scientific racism 16:(Redirected from 6304: 6254: 6253: 6244: 6243: 6234: 6233: 6088:Racial supremacy 6046:Jewish Americans 6024:Native Americans 5993:Zainichi Koreans 5981:Japanese Koreans 5964:Zainichi Chinese 5937:Racism by target 5714:Global apartheid 5706:Racism by region 5691:Racial profiling 5681:Racial hierarchy 5482: 5475: 5468: 5459: 5443: 5442: 5414: 5413: 5382:Social apartheid 5266:Social exclusion 5239:Forced migration 5207:Ethnic cleansing 5197:Auto-segregation 4939:Northern Ireland 4913: 4906: 4899: 4890: 4885: 4883: 4873: 4871: 4869: 4850: 4816: 4815: 4797: 4791: 4790: 4772: 4763: 4762: 4756: 4754: 4738: 4732: 4731: 4711: 4705: 4704: 4693: 4687: 4686: 4684: 4682: 4667: 4661: 4658: 4652: 4645: 4639: 4638: 4622: 4616: 4615: 4609: 4607: 4591: 4585: 4584: 4564: 4558: 4557: 4551: 4549: 4533: 4527: 4526: 4520: 4518: 4502: 4491: 4490: 4484: 4482: 4466: 4457: 4454: 4448: 4441: 4435: 4429: 4423: 4420: 4414: 4411: 4405: 4402: 4396: 4393: 4387: 4384: 4378: 4376: 4372: 4366: 4355: 4349: 4343: 4337: 4331: 4312: 4306: 4279: 4273: 4246: 4240: 4230: 4224: 4210: 4201: 4195: 4189: 4176: 4155: 4149: 4145: 4139: 4121: 4115: 4083: 4077: 4064: 4042: 4036: 4022: 4016: 4015: 4013: 4011: 4002:. 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Truman 2679:Sammy Davis Jr. 2670:Abraham Lincoln 2654: 2614: 2602: 2497:Sex trafficking 2336: 2335: 2302:Workers' rights 2261:Objectification 2246:Public morality 2172:Criminalization 2135:Sex and the law 2129: 2123: 2037: 2008: 2007: 2006: 2005: 2004: 1879:Polyculturalism 1775:Civil liberties 1747: 1739: 1738: 1737: 1736: 1735: 1716:Reappropriation 1616: 1615:Countermeasures 1608: 1607: 1606: 1605: 1604: 1533:Racial steering 1499:Numerus clausus 1403: 1395: 1394: 1393: 1392: 1391: 1116:Ethnic conflict 1051:Corrective rape 1006: 998: 997: 996: 995: 994: 643: 632: 631: 630: 629: 628: 481: 471: 470: 469: 468: 467: 359:HIV/AIDS stigma 221: 213: 212: 211: 210: 209: 158:Mental disorder 100: 92: 91: 90: 89: 88: 61: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6310: 6308: 6300: 6299: 6294: 6289: 6284: 6279: 6269: 6268: 6262: 6261: 6259: 6258: 6248: 6238: 6227: 6224: 6223: 6221: 6220: 6215: 6213:Reverse racism 6210: 6209: 6208: 6198: 6193: 6188: 6186:Racial figleaf 6183: 6178: 6173: 6168: 6163: 6158: 6153: 6148: 6143: 6138: 6133: 6128: 6123: 6118: 6113: 6107: 6105: 6104:Related topics 6101: 6100: 6098: 6097: 6096: 6095: 6085: 6080: 6075: 6070: 6065: 6063:Middle Eastern 6060: 6055: 6054: 6053: 6048: 6038: 6037: 6036: 6026: 6021: 6020: 6019: 6014: 6004: 6003: 6002: 5997: 5996: 5995: 5985: 5984: 5983: 5978: 5968: 5967: 5966: 5961: 5946: 5940: 5938: 5934: 5933: 5931: 5930: 5929: 5928: 5923: 5918: 5908: 5907: 5906: 5901: 5896: 5886: 5885: 5884: 5879: 5874: 5869: 5859: 5858: 5857: 5855:United Kingdom 5852: 5847: 5842: 5837: 5832: 5827: 5822: 5817: 5812: 5807: 5797: 5792: 5791: 5790: 5785: 5780: 5770: 5769: 5768: 5763: 5758: 5753: 5748: 5743: 5733: 5732: 5731: 5726: 5716: 5710: 5708: 5702: 5701: 5699: 5698: 5693: 5688: 5683: 5678: 5673: 5668: 5663: 5658: 5653: 5648: 5643: 5638: 5633: 5628: 5623: 5618: 5612: 5610: 5607:Manifestations 5604: 5603: 5601: 5600: 5595: 5590: 5585: 5580: 5575: 5570: 5565: 5560: 5555: 5550: 5545: 5540: 5535: 5530: 5525: 5520: 5515: 5510: 5505: 5499: 5497: 5493: 5492: 5487: 5485: 5484: 5477: 5470: 5462: 5453: 5452: 5450: 5449: 5437: 5436: 5435: 5430: 5425: 5408: 5401: 5398: 5397: 5395: 5394: 5389: 5384: 5379: 5374: 5368: 5363: 5358: 5353: 5348: 5343: 5341:Nuremberg Laws 5338: 5333: 5328: 5323: 5318: 5316:Ghetto benches 5313: 5311:Discrimination 5308: 5303: 5298: 5293: 5292: 5291: 5280: 5278: 5272: 5271: 5269: 5268: 5263: 5258: 5253: 5252: 5251: 5241: 5236: 5231: 5226: 5224:Ethnopluralism 5221: 5220: 5219: 5209: 5204: 5199: 5193: 5191: 5187: 5186: 5184: 5183: 5178: 5173: 5168: 5163: 5158: 5153: 5147: 5145: 5139: 5138: 5136: 5135: 5134: 5133: 5128: 5127: 5126: 5121: 5109: 5104: 5094: 5092:United Kingdom 5089: 5084: 5079: 5074: 5069: 5064: 5059: 5054: 5049: 5044: 5039: 5034: 5029: 5024: 5019: 5014: 5009: 5004: 4998: 4996: 4990: 4989: 4987: 4986: 4981: 4976: 4971: 4966: 4961: 4956: 4951: 4946: 4941: 4936: 4930: 4928: 4922: 4921: 4918: 4916: 4915: 4908: 4901: 4893: 4887: 4886: 4874: 4856: 4853: 4852: 4851: 4846:978-0312086916 4845: 4823: 4820: 4818: 4817: 4810: 4792: 4785: 4764: 4733: 4726: 4706: 4688: 4662: 4653: 4640: 4617: 4586: 4579: 4559: 4528: 4492: 4458: 4449: 4436: 4424: 4415: 4406: 4397: 4388: 4379: 4367: 4344: 4332: 4307: 4274: 4241: 4225: 4202: 4190: 4150: 4140: 4116: 4078: 4037: 4017: 4006:on 19 May 2014 3991: 3984: 3958: 3951: 3933: 3926: 3908: 3890: 3868: 3850: 3844: 3822: 3816: 3794: 3768: 3762: 3738: 3719: 3700: 3678: 3651: 3644: 3626: 3619: 3601: 3594: 3576: 3556: 3534: 3519: 3485: 3461: 3436: 3434: 3431: 3429: 3428: 3423: 3418: 3416:Racial hygiene 3413: 3408: 3403: 3401:Mixed Race Day 3398: 3393: 3388: 3383: 3378: 3373: 3368: 3362: 3360: 3357: 3347: 3344: 3340:Gavin Langmuir 3319: 3316: 3233: 3230: 3187:Conseil du Roi 3183:King Louis XVI 3171: 3168: 3156:Theresienstadt 3132:mixed marriage 3054:Hermann Göring 3046:united Germany 3042:civil marriage 3025:mixed marriage 2972:was marked as 2962:Nuremberg Laws 2933: 2930: 2901: 2898: 2896: 2893: 2868: 2865: 2841: 2838: 2829: 2826: 2824: 2821: 2807: 2804: 2791:Immorality Act 2740: 2737: 2719:ideology; the 2704:14th Amendment 2656: 2655: 2653: 2652: 2645: 2638: 2630: 2627: 2626: 2625: 2624: 2622:Law portal 2612: 2597: 2596: 2592: 2591: 2590: 2589: 2584: 2576: 2575: 2571: 2570: 2569: 2568: 2563: 2558: 2553: 2548: 2547: 2546: 2541: 2531: 2526: 2521: 2519:Sexual assault 2516: 2515: 2514: 2504: 2499: 2494: 2489: 2484: 2483: 2482: 2477: 2467: 2462: 2461: 2460: 2455: 2445: 2440: 2439: 2438: 2428: 2423: 2418: 2413: 2408: 2403: 2398: 2393: 2392: 2391: 2381: 2379:Child grooming 2376: 2371: 2370: 2369: 2359: 2358: 2357: 2344: 2343: 2331: 2330: 2329: 2328: 2323: 2318: 2313: 2295: 2290: 2285: 2280: 2275: 2274: 2273: 2263: 2258: 2253: 2248: 2243: 2238: 2233: 2228: 2223: 2218: 2216:Age of consent 2213: 2179: 2165: 2160: 2152: 2151: 2147: 2146: 2138: 2137: 2125:Main article: 2122: 2119: 2107:Nuremberg Laws 2039: 2038: 2036: 2035: 2028: 2021: 2013: 2010: 2009: 2003: 2002: 1997: 1996: 1995: 1985: 1980: 1975: 1974: 1973: 1968: 1963: 1953: 1948: 1943: 1938: 1933: 1928: 1927: 1926: 1924:Reverse racism 1916: 1911: 1906: 1901: 1896: 1894:Prisoner abuse 1891: 1886: 1884:Power distance 1881: 1876: 1871: 1866: 1861: 1856: 1851: 1850: 1849: 1839: 1834: 1829: 1824: 1819: 1814: 1809: 1804: 1802:Ethnic penalty 1799: 1798: 1797: 1795:Neurodiversity 1792: 1782: 1780:Dehumanization 1777: 1772: 1770:Cisnormativity 1767: 1762: 1757: 1751: 1750: 1749: 1748: 1746:Related topics 1745: 1744: 1741: 1740: 1734: 1733: 1728: 1723: 1718: 1713: 1708: 1703: 1698: 1693: 1688: 1683: 1678: 1673: 1668: 1663: 1662: 1661: 1651: 1646: 1641: 1636: 1631: 1626: 1620: 1619: 1618: 1617: 1614: 1613: 1610: 1609: 1603: 1602: 1597: 1592: 1590:State religion 1587: 1582: 1577: 1572: 1571: 1570: 1565: 1560: 1555: 1545: 1540: 1535: 1530: 1529: 1528: 1526:Nuremberg Laws 1523: 1513: 1508: 1503: 1495: 1490: 1485: 1480: 1475: 1470: 1468:Ghetto benches 1465: 1463:Gerrymandering 1460: 1455: 1450: 1448:Gender pay gap 1445: 1444: 1443: 1438: 1428: 1423: 1418: 1413: 1407: 1406: 1405: 1404: 1401: 1400: 1397: 1396: 1390: 1389: 1384: 1379: 1374: 1369: 1364: 1359: 1354: 1349: 1344: 1339: 1334: 1329: 1324: 1319: 1314: 1309: 1304: 1299: 1294: 1289: 1284: 1279: 1274: 1273: 1272: 1267: 1262: 1252: 1247: 1242: 1237: 1232: 1227: 1225:Lavender scare 1222: 1220:Kill Haole Day 1217: 1215:Indian rolling 1212: 1207: 1202: 1197: 1192: 1191: 1190: 1180: 1175: 1174: 1173: 1163: 1158: 1153: 1148: 1143: 1138: 1133: 1128: 1123: 1118: 1113: 1108: 1103: 1101:Eliminationism 1098: 1093: 1088: 1083: 1078: 1073: 1068: 1063: 1058: 1053: 1048: 1043: 1038: 1036:Cancel culture 1033: 1028: 1023: 1022: 1021: 1010: 1009: 1008: 1007: 1005:Manifestations 1004: 1003: 1000: 999: 993: 992: 987: 982: 977: 972: 967: 962: 957: 952: 947: 942: 937: 932: 927: 922: 917: 912: 907: 902: 897: 895:Middle Eastern 892: 887: 882: 877: 872: 867: 862: 857: 852: 847: 842: 837: 836: 835: 830: 825: 817: 812: 807: 802: 797: 792: 787: 782: 777: 772: 767: 762: 757: 752: 747: 742: 737: 732: 731: 730: 725: 720: 710: 705: 700: 699: 698: 693: 688: 678: 673: 668: 663: 658: 653: 647: 646: 645: 644: 638: 637: 634: 633: 627: 626: 624:Zoroastrianism 621: 616: 611: 606: 601: 600: 599: 589: 588: 587: 586: 585: 580: 575: 570: 555: 554: 553: 551:Untouchability 548: 538: 533: 532: 531: 526: 521: 516: 511: 501: 496: 491: 485: 484: 483: 482: 477: 476: 473: 472: 466: 465: 460: 455: 454: 453: 448: 443: 433: 432: 431: 426: 416: 411: 406: 401: 396: 391: 386: 381: 376: 371: 369:Leprosy stigma 366: 361: 356: 351: 346: 341: 336: 331: 326: 321: 316: 311: 306: 301: 296: 291: 286: 281: 276: 271: 266: 261: 256: 251: 246: 241: 236: 231: 225: 224: 223: 222: 219: 218: 215: 214: 208: 207: 202: 197: 192: 187: 182: 177: 176: 175: 170: 160: 155: 150: 145: 140: 135: 130: 125: 120: 115: 110: 104: 103: 102: 101: 98: 97: 94: 93: 87: 86: 81: 76: 71: 65: 64: 63: 62: 59: 58: 55: 54: 46: 45: 43:Discrimination 39: 38: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6309: 6298: 6295: 6293: 6290: 6288: 6285: 6283: 6280: 6278: 6275: 6274: 6272: 6257: 6249: 6247: 6239: 6237: 6229: 6228: 6225: 6219: 6216: 6214: 6211: 6207: 6204: 6203: 6202: 6199: 6197: 6194: 6192: 6189: 6187: 6184: 6182: 6179: 6177: 6174: 6172: 6169: 6167: 6164: 6162: 6159: 6157: 6154: 6152: 6149: 6147: 6144: 6142: 6139: 6137: 6134: 6132: 6129: 6127: 6124: 6122: 6119: 6117: 6114: 6112: 6109: 6108: 6106: 6102: 6094: 6091: 6090: 6089: 6086: 6084: 6083:Wine industry 6081: 6079: 6076: 6074: 6071: 6069: 6066: 6064: 6061: 6059: 6056: 6052: 6049: 6047: 6044: 6043: 6042: 6039: 6035: 6032: 6031: 6030: 6027: 6025: 6022: 6018: 6015: 6013: 6010: 6009: 6008: 6005: 6001: 5998: 5994: 5991: 5990: 5989: 5986: 5982: 5979: 5977: 5974: 5973: 5972: 5969: 5965: 5962: 5960: 5957: 5956: 5955: 5952: 5951: 5950: 5947: 5945: 5942: 5941: 5939: 5935: 5927: 5924: 5922: 5919: 5917: 5914: 5913: 5912: 5911:South America 5909: 5905: 5902: 5900: 5899:United States 5897: 5895: 5892: 5891: 5890: 5889:North America 5887: 5883: 5880: 5878: 5875: 5873: 5870: 5868: 5865: 5864: 5863: 5860: 5856: 5853: 5851: 5848: 5846: 5843: 5841: 5838: 5836: 5833: 5831: 5828: 5826: 5823: 5821: 5818: 5816: 5813: 5811: 5808: 5806: 5803: 5802: 5801: 5798: 5796: 5793: 5789: 5786: 5784: 5781: 5779: 5776: 5775: 5774: 5771: 5767: 5764: 5762: 5759: 5757: 5754: 5752: 5749: 5747: 5744: 5742: 5739: 5738: 5737: 5734: 5730: 5727: 5725: 5722: 5721: 5720: 5717: 5715: 5712: 5711: 5709: 5707: 5703: 5697: 5694: 5692: 5689: 5687: 5684: 5682: 5679: 5677: 5676:Racialization 5674: 5672: 5669: 5667: 5664: 5662: 5659: 5657: 5654: 5652: 5649: 5647: 5644: 5642: 5641:Ethnic hatred 5639: 5637: 5634: 5632: 5629: 5627: 5624: 5622: 5619: 5617: 5614: 5613: 5611: 5605: 5599: 5596: 5594: 5591: 5589: 5586: 5584: 5581: 5579: 5576: 5574: 5571: 5569: 5566: 5564: 5561: 5559: 5558:Laissez-faire 5556: 5554: 5551: 5549: 5546: 5544: 5543:Institutional 5541: 5539: 5536: 5534: 5531: 5529: 5528:Environmental 5526: 5524: 5521: 5519: 5516: 5514: 5511: 5509: 5506: 5504: 5501: 5500: 5498: 5494: 5490: 5483: 5478: 5476: 5471: 5469: 5464: 5463: 5460: 5448: 5447: 5438: 5434: 5431: 5429: 5426: 5424: 5421: 5420: 5419: 5418: 5409: 5407: 5406:Pillarisation 5403: 5402: 5399: 5393: 5390: 5388: 5385: 5383: 5380: 5378: 5375: 5372: 5369: 5367: 5364: 5362: 5359: 5357: 5354: 5352: 5349: 5347: 5344: 5342: 5339: 5337: 5334: 5332: 5329: 5327: 5326:Jim Crow laws 5324: 5322: 5319: 5317: 5314: 5312: 5309: 5307: 5304: 5302: 5299: 5297: 5294: 5290: 5287: 5286: 5285: 5282: 5281: 5279: 5273: 5267: 5264: 5262: 5259: 5257: 5254: 5250: 5247: 5246: 5245: 5242: 5240: 5237: 5235: 5232: 5230: 5227: 5225: 5222: 5218: 5215: 5214: 5213: 5210: 5208: 5205: 5203: 5202:Balkanization 5200: 5198: 5195: 5194: 5192: 5188: 5182: 5179: 5177: 5174: 5172: 5169: 5167: 5164: 5162: 5159: 5157: 5154: 5152: 5149: 5148: 5146: 5144: 5140: 5132: 5129: 5125: 5122: 5120: 5119: 5115: 5114: 5113: 5110: 5108: 5105: 5103: 5100: 5099: 5098: 5097:United States 5095: 5093: 5090: 5088: 5085: 5083: 5080: 5078: 5075: 5073: 5070: 5068: 5065: 5063: 5060: 5058: 5055: 5053: 5050: 5048: 5045: 5043: 5040: 5038: 5035: 5033: 5030: 5028: 5025: 5023: 5020: 5018: 5015: 5013: 5010: 5008: 5005: 5003: 5000: 4999: 4997: 4995: 4991: 4985: 4982: 4980: 4977: 4975: 4972: 4970: 4967: 4965: 4962: 4960: 4957: 4955: 4952: 4950: 4947: 4945: 4942: 4940: 4937: 4935: 4932: 4931: 4929: 4927: 4923: 4914: 4909: 4907: 4902: 4900: 4895: 4894: 4891: 4880: 4875: 4863: 4859: 4858: 4854: 4848: 4842: 4838: 4834: 4830: 4826: 4825: 4821: 4813: 4811:9781139788465 4807: 4803: 4796: 4793: 4788: 4786:9780824841942 4782: 4778: 4771: 4769: 4765: 4761: 4749: 4748: 4743: 4737: 4734: 4729: 4723: 4719: 4718: 4710: 4707: 4702: 4698: 4692: 4689: 4676: 4672: 4666: 4663: 4657: 4654: 4651:, pp. 119-120 4650: 4644: 4641: 4637: 4633: 4632: 4627: 4621: 4618: 4614: 4602: 4601: 4596: 4590: 4587: 4582: 4576: 4572: 4571: 4563: 4560: 4556: 4544: 4543: 4538: 4532: 4529: 4525: 4513: 4512: 4507: 4501: 4499: 4497: 4493: 4489: 4477: 4476: 4471: 4465: 4463: 4459: 4453: 4450: 4447:, p. 131 4446: 4445:Allemand 1847 4440: 4437: 4434:, p. 130 4433: 4432:Allemand 1847 4428: 4425: 4419: 4416: 4410: 4407: 4401: 4398: 4392: 4389: 4383: 4380: 4371: 4368: 4365: 4364:3-933374-22-7 4361: 4357: 4351:Beate Meyer, 4348: 4345: 4341: 4336: 4333: 4330: 4326: 4322: 4318: 4311: 4308: 4305: 4304:3-7700-4063-5 4301: 4297: 4293: 4289: 4284: 4278: 4275: 4271: 4267: 4263: 4260:) as well as 4259: 4255: 4251: 4245: 4242: 4238: 4234: 4229: 4226: 4223: 4222:3-929728-85-0 4219: 4215: 4212:Beate Meyer, 4209: 4207: 4203: 4200: 4194: 4191: 4188: 4187:3-7672-1055-X 4184: 4180: 4172: 4168: 4164: 4160: 4154: 4151: 4144: 4141: 4138: 4137:3-933374-22-7 4134: 4130: 4126: 4120: 4117: 4114: 4113:3-935877-68-4 4110: 4106: 4105:Bekenntnisses 4101: 4100:3-525-35188-7 4097: 4093: 4089: 4082: 4079: 4076: 4075:3-11-013379-2 4072: 4068: 4060: 4056: 4052: 4047: 4041: 4038: 4035: 4034:3-929728-85-0 4031: 4027: 4024:Beate Meyer, 4021: 4018: 4005: 4001: 3995: 3992: 3987: 3981: 3977: 3972: 3971: 3962: 3959: 3954: 3952:9780691086842 3948: 3944: 3937: 3934: 3929: 3923: 3919: 3912: 3909: 3904: 3897: 3895: 3891: 3878: 3872: 3869: 3866: 3864: 3859: 3858:Andrei Lankov 3854: 3851: 3847: 3845:0-19-516507-1 3841: 3837: 3833: 3826: 3823: 3819: 3817:0-8223-3074-1 3813: 3809: 3805: 3798: 3795: 3783: 3782:lawctopus.com 3779: 3772: 3769: 3765: 3759: 3755: 3751: 3750: 3742: 3739: 3734: 3730: 3723: 3720: 3715: 3711: 3704: 3701: 3696: 3689: 3682: 3679: 3668: 3667: 3662: 3655: 3652: 3647: 3641: 3637: 3630: 3627: 3622: 3616: 3612: 3605: 3602: 3597: 3591: 3587: 3580: 3577: 3572: 3566: 3560: 3557: 3553: 3552: 3547: 3541: 3539: 3535: 3530: 3523: 3520: 3508: 3504: 3498: 3496: 3494: 3492: 3490: 3486: 3475: 3471: 3465: 3462: 3451: 3447: 3441: 3438: 3432: 3427: 3424: 3422: 3419: 3417: 3414: 3412: 3409: 3407: 3406:One drop rule 3404: 3402: 3399: 3397: 3394: 3392: 3389: 3387: 3384: 3382: 3379: 3377: 3374: 3372: 3369: 3367: 3364: 3363: 3358: 3356: 3354: 3345: 3343: 3341: 3337: 3333: 3329: 3325: 3317: 3315: 3313: 3308: 3306: 3302: 3298: 3297:Grand Council 3294: 3293:Fascist Italy 3290: 3285: 3283: 3279: 3275: 3271: 3267: 3263: 3259: 3255: 3251: 3247: 3243: 3239: 3231: 3229: 3227: 3223: 3222: 3217: 3211: 3209: 3205: 3201: 3196: 3192: 3188: 3184: 3179: 3177: 3169: 3167: 3165: 3159: 3157: 3153: 3148: 3146: 3142: 3136: 3133: 3129: 3124: 3121: 3116: 3113: 3109: 3105: 3102:'s different 3101: 3097: 3092: 3090: 3084: 3082: 3081:Geltungsjuden 3078: 3074: 3069: 3067: 3059: 3055: 3049: 3047: 3043: 3039: 3035: 3031: 3026: 3021: 3019: 3018:Geltungsjuden 3015: 3014: 3013:Geltungsjuden 3009: 3008: 3002: 3000: 2996: 2992: 2988: 2983: 2981: 2977: 2976: 2975:Rassenschande 2971: 2967: 2963: 2959: 2950: 2946: 2944: 2939: 2931: 2929: 2927: 2923: 2922:Aryan descent 2919: 2915: 2911: 2907: 2899: 2894: 2892: 2890: 2886: 2882: 2877: 2875: 2866: 2864: 2862: 2858: 2853: 2851: 2847: 2839: 2837: 2835: 2827: 2822: 2820: 2818: 2813: 2805: 2803: 2801: 2796: 2792: 2788: 2784: 2780: 2776: 2772: 2768: 2764: 2760: 2756: 2754: 2750: 2746: 2738: 2736: 2734: 2730: 2726: 2725:Old Testament 2722: 2718: 2713: 2711: 2710: 2705: 2700: 2695: 2691: 2686: 2684: 2680: 2676: 2671: 2667: 2663: 2651: 2646: 2644: 2639: 2637: 2632: 2631: 2629: 2628: 2623: 2618: 2613: 2611: 2606: 2601: 2600: 2599: 2598: 2593: 2588: 2585: 2583: 2580: 2579: 2578: 2577: 2572: 2567: 2564: 2562: 2559: 2557: 2554: 2552: 2549: 2545: 2544:Female sodomy 2542: 2540: 2537: 2536: 2535: 2532: 2530: 2527: 2525: 2522: 2520: 2517: 2513: 2510: 2509: 2508: 2505: 2503: 2500: 2498: 2495: 2493: 2490: 2488: 2485: 2481: 2478: 2476: 2473: 2472: 2471: 2468: 2466: 2463: 2459: 2456: 2454: 2451: 2450: 2449: 2446: 2444: 2441: 2437: 2434: 2433: 2432: 2429: 2427: 2424: 2422: 2419: 2417: 2414: 2412: 2409: 2407: 2404: 2402: 2399: 2397: 2394: 2390: 2387: 2386: 2385: 2382: 2380: 2377: 2375: 2372: 2368: 2365: 2364: 2363: 2360: 2356: 2353: 2352: 2351: 2348: 2347: 2346: 2345: 2340: 2332: 2327: 2324: 2322: 2319: 2317: 2314: 2311: 2310:World Charter 2307: 2303: 2299: 2296: 2294: 2291: 2289: 2286: 2284: 2281: 2279: 2276: 2272: 2269: 2268: 2267: 2264: 2262: 2259: 2257: 2254: 2252: 2251:Antisexualism 2249: 2247: 2244: 2242: 2239: 2237: 2236:Miscegenation 2234: 2232: 2229: 2227: 2224: 2222: 2219: 2217: 2214: 2211: 2207: 2203: 2199: 2195: 2191: 2187: 2183: 2180: 2177: 2173: 2169: 2166: 2164: 2161: 2159: 2156: 2155: 2154: 2153: 2150:Social issues 2148: 2144: 2140: 2139: 2136: 2132: 2128: 2121:United States 2120: 2118: 2116: 2112: 2108: 2104: 2099: 2097: 2093: 2089: 2088: 2083: 2079: 2075: 2071: 2067: 2066:miscegenation 2062: 2060: 2056: 2053: 2052:criminalizing 2049: 2045: 2034: 2029: 2027: 2022: 2020: 2015: 2014: 2012: 2011: 2001: 1998: 1994: 1991: 1990: 1989: 1986: 1984: 1981: 1979: 1978:Social stigma 1976: 1972: 1969: 1967: 1964: 1962: 1959: 1958: 1957: 1954: 1952: 1949: 1947: 1944: 1942: 1939: 1937: 1934: 1932: 1929: 1925: 1922: 1921: 1920: 1917: 1915: 1912: 1910: 1907: 1905: 1902: 1900: 1897: 1895: 1892: 1890: 1887: 1885: 1882: 1880: 1877: 1875: 1872: 1870: 1867: 1865: 1862: 1860: 1857: 1855: 1852: 1848: 1845: 1844: 1843: 1840: 1838: 1835: 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1421:Blood quantum 1419: 1417: 1414: 1412: 1409: 1408: 1399: 1398: 1388: 1385: 1383: 1380: 1378: 1375: 1373: 1370: 1368: 1365: 1363: 1362:Victimisation 1360: 1358: 1357:Trans bashing 1355: 1353: 1350: 1348: 1345: 1343: 1340: 1338: 1335: 1333: 1330: 1328: 1327:Religious war 1325: 1323: 1320: 1318: 1315: 1313: 1310: 1308: 1307:Racialization 1305: 1303: 1300: 1298: 1295: 1293: 1290: 1288: 1285: 1283: 1280: 1278: 1275: 1271: 1268: 1266: 1263: 1261: 1258: 1257: 1256: 1253: 1251: 1248: 1246: 1243: 1241: 1238: 1236: 1233: 1231: 1228: 1226: 1223: 1221: 1218: 1216: 1213: 1211: 1208: 1206: 1203: 1201: 1198: 1196: 1193: 1189: 1186: 1185: 1184: 1181: 1179: 1178:Glass ceiling 1176: 1172: 1169: 1168: 1167: 1164: 1162: 1159: 1157: 1154: 1152: 1149: 1147: 1144: 1142: 1139: 1137: 1134: 1132: 1129: 1127: 1124: 1122: 1121:Ethnic hatred 1119: 1117: 1114: 1112: 1109: 1107: 1104: 1102: 1099: 1097: 1094: 1092: 1089: 1087: 1084: 1082: 1079: 1077: 1074: 1072: 1069: 1067: 1064: 1062: 1059: 1057: 1056:Counter-jihad 1054: 1052: 1049: 1047: 1044: 1042: 1039: 1037: 1034: 1032: 1029: 1027: 1024: 1020: 1017: 1016: 1015: 1012: 1011: 1002: 1001: 991: 988: 986: 983: 981: 978: 976: 973: 971: 968: 966: 963: 961: 958: 956: 953: 951: 948: 946: 943: 941: 938: 936: 933: 931: 928: 926: 923: 921: 918: 916: 913: 911: 908: 906: 903: 901: 898: 896: 893: 891: 888: 886: 883: 881: 878: 876: 873: 871: 868: 866: 863: 861: 858: 856: 853: 851: 848: 846: 843: 841: 838: 834: 833:United States 831: 829: 826: 824: 821: 820: 818: 816: 813: 811: 808: 806: 803: 801: 798: 796: 793: 791: 788: 786: 783: 781: 778: 776: 773: 771: 768: 766: 763: 761: 758: 756: 753: 751: 748: 746: 743: 741: 738: 736: 733: 729: 726: 724: 721: 719: 716: 715: 714: 711: 709: 706: 704: 701: 697: 696:United States 694: 692: 689: 687: 684: 683: 682: 679: 677: 674: 672: 669: 667: 664: 662: 659: 657: 654: 652: 649: 648: 642: 636: 635: 625: 622: 620: 617: 615: 612: 610: 609:Protestantism 607: 605: 602: 598: 595: 594: 593: 590: 584: 581: 579: 576: 574: 571: 569: 566: 565: 564: 561: 560: 559: 556: 552: 549: 547: 544: 543: 542: 539: 537: 534: 530: 527: 525: 524:LDS or Mormon 522: 520: 517: 515: 512: 510: 507: 506: 505: 502: 500: 497: 495: 492: 490: 487: 486: 480: 475: 474: 464: 461: 459: 456: 452: 449: 447: 446:Transmisogyny 444: 442: 439: 438: 437: 434: 430: 427: 425: 422: 421: 420: 417: 415: 412: 410: 407: 405: 402: 400: 397: 395: 392: 390: 387: 385: 382: 380: 377: 375: 372: 370: 367: 365: 362: 360: 357: 355: 352: 350: 349:Gerontophobia 347: 345: 342: 340: 337: 335: 332: 330: 327: 325: 322: 320: 317: 315: 312: 310: 307: 305: 302: 300: 297: 295: 292: 290: 287: 285: 282: 280: 277: 275: 272: 270: 269:Anti-intersex 267: 265: 262: 260: 257: 255: 252: 250: 247: 245: 244:Anti-albinism 242: 240: 237: 235: 232: 230: 227: 226: 217: 216: 206: 203: 201: 198: 196: 193: 191: 188: 186: 183: 181: 178: 174: 171: 169: 166: 165: 164: 161: 159: 156: 154: 151: 149: 146: 144: 141: 139: 136: 134: 131: 129: 126: 124: 121: 119: 116: 114: 111: 109: 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Retrieved 3449: 3440: 3352: 3349: 3321: 3309: 3286: 3270:Romanization 3235: 3219: 3212: 3180: 3173: 3160: 3149: 3137: 3131: 3125: 3119: 3117: 3111: 3107: 3095: 3093: 3088: 3085: 3080: 3077:yellow badge 3072: 3070: 3065: 3057: 3050: 3022: 3017: 3011: 3005: 3003: 2990: 2986: 2984: 2973: 2965: 2955: 2935: 2905: 2903: 2900:Nazi Germany 2885:infanticides 2878: 2870: 2854: 2843: 2831: 2817:Marriage Act 2809: 2767:South Africa 2765: 2761: 2757: 2752: 2742: 2739:South Africa 2714: 2707: 2687: 2659: 2507:Sexual abuse 2487:Revenge porn 2448:Prostitution 2361: 2338: 2326:Circumcision 2316:Survival sex 2298:Sex industry 2111:South Africa 2103:Nazi Germany 2100: 2085: 2063: 2043: 2042: 1812:Gender-blind 1691:Human rights 1511:Racial quota 1498: 1478:Jewish quota 1458:Gerontocracy 1453:Gender roles 1431:Disabilities 1416:Blood purity 1382:Wife selling 1372:White flight 1352:Slut-shaming 1332:Scapegoating 1250:Murder music 915:Palestinians 728:South Africa 713:Black people 691:South Africa 504:Christianity 494:Baháʼí Faith 414:Sectarianism 354:Heterosexism 319:Ephebiphobia 284:Antisemitism 279:Anti-Masonry 138:Hair texture 6121:Anti-racism 5862:Middle East 5756:South Korea 5751:North Korea 5666:Hate speech 5588:Substantive 5568:Neocolonial 5301:Black Codes 5249:labor camps 5156:Afghanistan 4868:December 8, 4470:"Theodoric" 3551:Smithsonian 3386:Hypodescent 3126:Systematic 2970:intercourse 2867:North Korea 2800:P. 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Botha 2668:, in 1858, 2561:Trafficking 2421:Fornication 2266:Pornography 2210:Transgender 2194:Civil union 2182:LGBT rights 2096:Earl Warren 2074:U.S. states 1706:Nonviolence 1701:LGBT rights 1666:Empowerment 1634:Anti-racism 1548:Segregation 1493:No kid zone 1287:Persecution 1200:Hate speech 1151:Gay bashing 1126:Ethnic joke 1081:Dog whistle 1026:Blood libel 708:Azerbaijani 604:Neopaganism 597:Persecution 563:Persecution 546:Persecution 509:Catholicism 436:Transphobia 419:Supremacism 374:Lesbophobia 289:Aporophobia 249:Anti-autism 84:Taste-based 79:Statistical 6271:Categories 6000:Vietnamese 5773:Arab world 5671:Hate group 5661:Hate crime 5598:Xenophobia 5578:Scientific 5563:Linguistic 5404:See also: 5392:Xenophobia 5244:Internment 5229:Ethnocracy 4753:August 23, 4606:August 23, 4548:August 23, 4517:August 23, 4481:August 23, 4266:Palatinate 4061:(English: 4046:church tax 3716:: 183-207. 3673:2008-01-04 3479:2019-10-03 3455:2019-10-03 3433:References 3396:Loving Day 3336:legal code 3305:Mongolians 3248:under the 3246:Ostrogoths 3236:After the 3104:Reichsgaue 3089:Mischlinge 3007:Mischlinge 2910:Hans Frank 2749:Van Rheede 2675:California 2374:Bestiality 2168:Homophobia 1988:Stereotype 1983:Speciesism 1864:Oppression 1859:Oikophobia 1755:Allophilia 1731:Toleration 1580:Sodomy law 1473:Internment 1387:Witch-hunt 1265:Blackhawks 1195:Hate group 1183:Hate crime 1156:Gendercide 1146:Freak show 1136:Excellence 1096:Employment 1066:Defamation 990:Vietnamese 985:Venezuelan 875:Lithuanian 536:Falun Gong 463:Xenophobia 458:Vegaphobia 441:Non-binary 399:Pedophobia 364:Homophobia 168:Skin color 128:Disability 99:Attributes 74:Structural 6181:Race card 6116:Alt-right 5916:Argentina 5877:Palestine 5795:Australia 5621:Apartheid 5609:of racism 5284:Apartheid 5217:Bantustan 5102:Civil War 4926:Religious 4329:0175-3592 4268:(both to 4256:(both to 4167:0044-2828 4125:Reichsgau 3883:7 October 3324:Visigoths 3260:, ruling 2936:Although 2889:defectors 2806:Australia 2775:apartheid 2683:Kim Novak 2566:Voyeurism 2539:U.S. laws 2492:Seduction 2475:statutory 2458:procuring 2431:Obscenity 2367:U.S. laws 2115:apartheid 1961:Christian 1889:Prejudice 1837:Masculism 1785:Diversity 1563:religious 1538:Redlining 1131:Ethnocide 1091:Education 975:Ukrainian 910:Pakistani 900:Mongolian 823:Australia 805:Hungarian 760:Colombian 740:Bulgarian 614:Rastafari 568:Ahmadiyya 479:Religious 451:Trans men 409:Pregnancy 344:Gayphobia 339:Fatphobia 234:Acephobia 229:Arophobia 205:Viewpoint 6236:Category 6151:Lynching 6126:Casteism 5971:Japanese 5830:Portugal 5761:Thailand 5729:Zimbabwe 5593:Symbolic 5583:Societal 5573:Romantic 5538:Gendered 5518:Cultural 5508:Colorism 5503:Aversive 5417:Category 5377:Shunning 5373:(Canada) 5336:Nativism 5190:Dynamics 5067:Rhodesia 5062:Portugal 5057:Malaysia 5022:Bulgaria 4964:Portugal 4831:(1995). 4681:8 August 4628:(1967). 4555:economy. 4264:and the 4199:law text 4055:Mischehe 3371:Endogamy 3359:See also 3282:Germanic 3226:New York 3208:nobility 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